What's the correct accentu. of συνίων/συνιών/συνιῶν?

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Stephen Hughes
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Joined: February 26th, 2013, 7:12 am

What's the correct accentu. of συνίων/συνιών/συνιῶν?

Post by Stephen Hughes »

2 Chroinicles 34:12 wrote:καὶ πᾶς Λευίτης πᾶς συνίων ἐν ὀργάνοις ᾠδῶν
Matthew 13:23 (RP 2005 Byz) wrote:οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ συνιών·
Romans 3:13 wrote:οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ συνιῶν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ ἐκζητῶν τὸν θεόν·
They are all in passages where σύνειμι means "understand".

Am I right in assuming that those three should all be accented the same?
Γελᾷ δ' ὁ μωρός, κἄν τι μὴ γέλοιον ᾖ
(Menander, Γνῶμαι μονόστιχοι 108)
cwconrad
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Re: What's the correct accentu. of συνίων/συνιών/συνιῶν?

Post by cwconrad »

Stephen Hughes wrote:
2 Chroinicles 34:12 wrote:καὶ πᾶς Λευίτης πᾶς συνίων ἐν ὀργάνοις ᾠδῶν
Matthew 13:23 (RP 2005 Byz) wrote:οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ συνιών·
Romans 3:13 wrote:οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ συνιῶν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ ἐκζητῶν τὸν θεόν·
They are all in passages where σύνειμι means "understand".

Am I right in assuming that those three should all be accented the same?
Shouldn't that Romans text be Rom 3:11? Texts I'm looking at have συνίων, not συνιῶν.
It took me a while to grasp what the question really is; perhaps others were similarly confused (but more likely only I was confused); here’s what I was puzzling through:
There are two verbs with identical 1 sg. present indicative active forms:
(a) σύνειμι: compound of σὺν and εἷναι: “be with”
Present participle: συνῶν/gen. συνόντος
(b) σύνειμι: compound of σὺν and ἰέναι: “go with”
Present participle: συνίων/gen. συνιόντος

There’s a different verb, συνίημι/συνιέναι: “understand”
Present participle: συνιείς/gen. συνιέντος
which in later Greek becomes an -ω verb, συνίω, inf. συνίειν
BDAG is helpful here:
συνίημι (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; pseudepigr.; Philo, Aet. M. 27; Jos., Ant. 7, 186 al.; apolog.); the NT has only one quite certain ex. of the conjugation in -μι: the inf. συνιέναι Ac 7:25a. In all the other cases the ms. tradition is divided: 3 pl. συνιᾶσιν 2 Cor 10:12 (s. Windisch ad loc.); impf. συνίειν LXX; inf. συνιέναι Lk 24:45; ptc. συνιείς, -έντος Mt 13:19, 23; Eph 5:17 v.l. Beside συνίημι may also be found συνίω Hm 4, 2, 1; 10, 1, 3; 3 pl. συνίουσιν Mt 13:13; 2 Cor 10:12 v.l.; Hm 10, 1, 6a (the accentuation συνιοῦσιν is incorrect; s. W-S. §14, 16; Mlt-H. 60). Impv. σύνιε Hm 6, 2, 3 lat. (for συνιεῖς); s 5, 5, 1; 9, 12, 1. Ptc. συνίων Mt 13:23 v.l.; Mk 4:9 D; Ro 3:11; B 12:10 (not συνιῶν or συνιών; s. W-S. loc. cit.). Inf. συνίειν LXX. Either the -μι form or the -ω form could supply the 2 pl. indic. or impv. συνίετε Mt 15:10; Mk 8:17, 21; Eph 5:17, the 3 sg. impv. συνιέτω Mk 4:9 D and, depending on the way the form is accented, the foll. subjunctive forms: 3 pl. συνιωσιν (συνιῶσιν or συνίωσιν) Mk 4:12; Lk 8:10; cp. συνιωμεν B 10:12b, συνιητε 6:5.—Fut. συνήσω, 2d sg. συνιεῖς (?) Hs 6, 2, 2; 1 aor. συνῆκα; 2 aor. subj. συνῶ Ps 72:17, συνῆτε, συνῶσιν, impv. 2 sg. σύνες (LXX; GrBar 1:3), 2 pl. σύνετε.; inf. συνεῖναι (Just.); ptc. συνείς (Just., A II, 3, 3.—B-D-F §94, 2; Mlt-H. 202–207; 325; Reinhold p. 94; Mayser 354, 2; Crönert 258;
οὔτοι ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς πάντα θεοὶ θνητοῖς ὑπέδειξαν,
ἀλλὰ χρόνῳ ζητέοντες ἐφευρίσκουσιν ἄμεινον. (Xenophanes, Fragment 16)

Carl W. Conrad
Department of Classics, Washington University (Retired)
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