[B-Greek] Luke 23:40, 48- participles

Harold R. Holmyard III hholmyard at ont.com
Wed Mar 31 20:07:34 EST 2004


Dear John,

>   Luke 23:40 reads:
>   APOKRIQEIS DE hO hETEROS EPITIMWN AUTWi EFH...
>
>   23:48:
>   KAI PANTES hOI SUMPARAGENOMENOI OCLOI EPI THN QEWPIAV TAUTHN, 
>QEWRHSANTES TA GENOMENA, TUPTONTES TA STHQH  hUPESTREFON.
>
>
>   How should I understand and translate these conglomerations of 
>participles? The present and aorist participles' relation to one 
>another is difficult enough, but then Luke throws in an imperfect in 
>both verses, which confuses me.


HH: In Luke 23:40 it is natural for APOKRIQEIS to be in the aorist, 
as it generally appears in the aorist in the NT. It seems like a 
constative aorist, just looking at the action as a whole. The 
imperfect EFN seems to respond to the imperfect EBLASFHMEI  in the 
previous verse. Perhaps the blaspheming went on for a time, as did 
the responding by the other thief. The EPITIMWN takes the time of the 
main verb EFH and describes the manner in which he spoke. Both 
participles modify the main verb.

HH: In Luke 23:48 I understand the first two participles to indicate 
actions that are completed at the time of the action of the main 
verb, hUPESTREFON. TUPTONTES again describes the manner in which they 
were returning and takes its time reference from the imperfect 
hUPESTREFON.

					Yours,
					Harold Holmyard

>
>   Jonathan Colby
>   Guyana, South America
>
>
>---
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