[B-Greek] PARADIDWMI
Iver Larsen
iver_larsen at sil.org
Fri May 21 01:28:41 EDT 2004
>
> I note with interest that a recent author of a book on Judas seems to
> claim that the verb PARADIDWMI was never used with the sense of "betray"
> and therefore that translations of, say, 1 Cor 15:24 in which Paul is
> made to speak of Jesus' "betrayal", rather than his being "handed over"
> are wrong.
Does ANY translation speak of "betrayal" in 1 Cor 15:24? Or are you thinking
of 11:23?
> And yet I see that LSJ notes that "betray" is indeed one of the senses
> with which PARADIDOMI was used. So does Spicq.
>
> So who is correct in this? Are there indeed instances in Hellenistic
> literature where PARADIDWMI clearly means "betray"?
It looks like your recent author (Klassen) has made a common mistake, namely
to look at individual words only rather than groups of words and meaning in
context.
This topic was discussed briefly under the heading John 19:11b on March 8-9,
2004. The following is my comment at the time on PARADIDWMI:
It seems to me that when PARADIDWMI is used as a divalent verb with an agent
and a patient, it corresponds pretty much to "betray" in English. Whenever
we hear of Judas betraying Jesus, the construction has a subject and an
object, but no indirect object. Judas betrayed Jesus. We find hO PARADIDOUS
AUTON in John 18:2,5 and similar forms other places.
When it is used as a trivalent verb with an agent, patient and recipient, it
corresponds to "hand someone over to someone else". This construction is
never used about Judas, but is used several other places in John, e.g.:
18:35 TO EQNOS TO SON KAI hOI ARCIEREIS PAREDWKAN SE MOI (your people and
the high priests handed you over to me)
18:36 hINA MH PARADOQW TOIS IOUDAIOS (that I should not be handed over to
the Jewish leaders)
19:11 hO PARADOUS ME SOI (the one handing me over to you)
Both constructions occur close to one another in Mat 27:2-3.
If we turn to 1 Cor, the word is used 7 times. 5 of them have an explicit
indirect object, and one an implicit indirect object. So, in those six
places, the meaning is "to hand over". The last one is passive, but the
active would have had a direct object only. In this environment (11:23b) the
word means "to betray".
Iver Larsen
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