[B-Greek] hOUTWS KAI in 1 Cor 15.45

Carl W. Conrad cwconrad at artsci.wustl.edu
Sun Sep 5 20:12:16 EDT 2004


At 5:38 PM -0500 9/5/04, Steven Lo Vullo wrote:
>Hi all:
>
>hOUTWS KAI GEGRAPTAI: EGENETO hO PRWTOS ANQRWPOS ADAM EIS YUCHN ZWSAN,
>hO ESCATOS ADAM EIS PNEUMA ZWiOPOIOUN.
>
>hOUTWS may refer to what precedes or what follows. It's usually not
>very difficult to decide one way or the other, and at first blush it
>would seem that in 1 Cor 15.45 it must refer to what follows, since it
>is used with GEGRAPTAI, which introduces a quote from the OT. BDAG
>notes that hOUTWS is used in connection with "spoken or written words:
>what is so introduced follows immediately after hOUTWS GEGRAPTAI" (BDAG
>2, s.v. hOUTWS).
>
>But in 1.b, s.v. hOUTWS, it says that hOUTWS may refer to what
>precedes, "Pointing the moral after figures of speech, parables, and
>examples." Seeing as the preceding context uses the figure of sowing,
>it occurred to me that hOUTWS may refer to what precedes, with the
>quote from Gen 2.7 pointing the moral or offering the explanation of
>the figure. The idea would be, "All this is clarified/confirmed by the
>scripture, 'The first man, Adam, became a living soul (YUCHN; cf.
>YUCIKON in v. 44),' the last Adam became a life-giving spirit (PNEUMA;
>cf. PNEUMATIKON in v. 44)." Adverbial KAI here would seem to lend some
>weight to this latter understanding ("also" pointing to and building on
>what precedes).
>
>So, does hOUTWS here refer to what precedes or what follows?

Perhaps BOTH? I think that the KAI is significant: "That's the way
scripture reads too" -- where "that" means "There IS a "psychic" SWMA."
That is to say, the statement EGENETO hO PRWTOS ANQRWPOS ADAM EIS YUCHN
ZWSAN is offered as a constatement of the principle set forth in 15:44:
SPEIRETAI SWMA YUCIKON, EGEIRETAI SWMA PNEUMATIKON. EI ESTIN SWMA YUCIKON,
ESTIN KAI PNEUMATIKON.

-- 

Carl W. Conrad
Department of Classics, Washington University (Emeritus)
1989 Grindstaff Road/Burnsville, NC 28714/(828) 675-4243
cwconrad at artsci.wustl.edu
WWW: http://www.ioa.com/~cwconrad/



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