[B-Greek] Greek Term in Bar-Kokhba Habakkuk
George F Somsel
gfsomsel at yahoo.com
Thu Feb 15 03:58:31 EST 2007
Oops ! It's too early. I misread that despite your giving the names of the letters. I see that Al Petersma has answered so "You're in good hands."
george
gfsomsel
_________
----- Original Message ----
From: George F Somsel <gfsomsel at yahoo.com>
To: Kent Clarke <kentdclarke at hotmail.com>; B-Greek at lists.ibiblio.org
Sent: Thursday, February 15, 2007 3:55:07 AM
Subject: Re: [B-Greek] Greek Term in Bar-Kokhba Habakkuk
It appears in Zeph 2.11
EPIFANHSETAI KURIOS EP' AUTOUS KAI ECOLEQREUSEI PANTAS TOUS QEOUS TWN EQNWN THS GHS, KAI PROSKUNHSOUSIN AUTWi hEKASTOS EK TOU TOPOU AUTOU, PASAI hOI NHSOI TWN EQNWN
I'm somewhat puzzled by the appearance of this word in Hab 2.3 which in the LXX reads
DIOTI ETI hORASIS EIS KAIRON KAI ANATELEI EIS PERAS KAI OUK EIS KENON, EAN hUSERHSHi, hUPOMEINON AUTON, hOTI ERXOMENOS hHCEI KAI OU MH XRONISHi
It is the 3rd sg f p of EPIFAINW
EPIFAINW 1 aor. EPEFANA, inf. EPIFANAI, impv. EPIFANON; fut. mid. EPIFANOUMAI Jer 36:14. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. EPIFANHSETAI Zeph 2:11 (s. next entry and FAINW; Theognis, Hdt. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, Philo, Joseph.).
① to cause someth. to be seen, show act. trans. EPIFANON TO PROSWPON SOU 1 Cl 60:3 (Ps 79:4, 8, 20; Da 9:17 Theod.).
② to provide illumination, give light to, act., ext. of mng. 1: Lk 1:79. There is a slight diff. between this apparently intr. use and the next, which is clearly trans. (On the theme of divine consideration in providing light in darkness s. X. Mem. 4, 3, 4.)
③ to make one’s presence known, become apparent, act., ext. of mng. 1 (Theocr. 2, 11 of stars; Polyb. 5, 6, 6 of daylight; Dt 33:2; Ps 117:27) of sun and stars Ac 27:20. Cp. 2 above.
④ show oneself, make an appearance, pass. (Hdt., Thu. et. al.; LXX) of God (cp. Chariton 1, 14, 1 AFRODITHN EPIFAINESQAI; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 2, introd. EPEFANH AUTOIS hO APOLLWN; SIG 557, 6 EPIFAINOMENHS AUTOIS ARTEMIDOS; 1168, 26; Sb 6152, 5 [96 b.c.] Isis; 6153, 6; Gen 35:7; 2 Macc 3:30; 3 Macc 6:9; Philo; Jos., Ant. 5, 277; 8, 240; 268) TOIS DEOMENOIS 1 Cl 59:4. Of God’s grace Tit 2:11; of God’s love 3:4.—M-M. TW. Spicq.
Arndt, W., Danker, F. W., & Bauer, W. (2000). A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature. "Based on Walter Bauer's Griechisch-deutsches Wr̲terbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der frhchristlichen [sic] Literatur, sixth edition, ed. Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland, with Viktor Reichmann and on previous English editions by W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich, and F.W. Danker." (3rd ed.) (385). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
The aor p 3 sg appears in Tit 2.11
EPEFANH GAR hH XARIS TOU QEOU SWTHRIOS PASIN ANQRWPOIS
george
gfsomsel
_________
----- Original Message ----
From: Kent Clarke <kentdclarke at hotmail.com>
To: B-Greek at lists.ibiblio.org
Sent: Thursday, February 15, 2007 1:22:52 AM
Subject: [B-Greek] Greek Term in Bar-Kokhba Habakkuk
Hello All:
I'm trying to define a term located in the Greek Minor Prophets Scroll
(50 BCE-50 CE) found in one of the Bar-Kokhba caves. The text is Habakkuk
2:3 (the critical text is located in DJD VIII).
The term is "enphanhsetai (the exact spelling is epsilon, nu, phi, alpha,
nu, eta, sigma, epsilon, tau, alpha, iota), which I parse as a third person
singular, future passive indicative form. I have looked in all of my
lexicons and databases, but have not been able to find it in any inflected
form.
Thinking that the epsilon-nu prefixed to phi is uncommon in Greek, I also
tried to look for "emphanhsetai" with a mu instead of the nu. I did readily
find "emphaneia" and "emphanhs", meaning "to manifest, reveal, make visible
etc". The non-prefixed form "phaino" (phi, alpha, iota, nu, omega) fits well
with this.
I have also checked the Septuagint versions of Sweet and Ralphfs, where they
both have "anatelei" instead of the above term. This Greek Habakkuk text
seems to be following more closely the Hebrew MT with the meaning "to
testify."
I have several questions:
1) Would all agree with my parsing of the verb?
2) Does anyone know if this term (in any inflected form) occurs within other
extant Greek literature?
3) Is my assumption that the nu has been changed into a mu fair (I believe I
have seen this change take place in other Greek texts, but can't recall "the
rule" that allows for such a change)? Can we simply call it an orthographic
change?
4) Is my assumption possible that the Habakkuk term corresponds to the idea
of being "manifest", and so could be translated something like "it shall be
manifest"?
Thank you in advance for any help or insight!
Warm Regards;
Kent
Kent D. Clarke (Ph.D. Bristol)
Associate Professor of Religious Studies
Department of Religious Studies
Seal-Kap House
Trinity Western University
7600 Glover Road
Langley, BC
V2Y 1Y1
Canada
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