[B-Greek] Hb. 1:6: "hOTAN...EISAGAGHi"
George F Somsel
gfsomsel at yahoo.com
Tue Nov 20 18:05:33 EST 2007
We need to consider this in its context which is the rest of the work beginning with Heb 1.1 in order to discern the train of thought. In 1.2 he states
ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων ἐλάλησεν ἡμῖν ἐν υἱῷ, ὃν ἔθηκεν κληρονόμον πάντων, διʼ οὗ καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς αἰῶνας·
EP ESXATOU TWN hHMERWN TOUTWN ELALHSEN hHMIN EN hUIWi hON EQHKEN KLHRONOMON PANTWN, DI' hOU EPOIHSEN TOUS AIWNAS
The author thus maintains that it is through the Son that the world was created.
Then in v. 6, the passage of your question, we read
ὅταν δὲ πάλιν εἰσαγάγῃ τὸν πρωτότοκον εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην, λέγει·
καὶ προσκυνησάτωσαν αὐτῷ πάντες ἄγγελοι θεοῦ.
hOTAN DE PALIN EISAGAGHi TON PRWTOTOKON EIS THN OIKOUMENHN, LEGEI, "KAI PROSKUNHSATWSAN AUTWi PANTES AGGELOI QEOU."
Moving on to 2.6 ff we find
6 διεμαρτύρατο δέ πού τις λέγων·
τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ,
ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ὅτι ἐπισκέπτῃ αὐτόν;
7 ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι παρʼ ἀγγέλους,
δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν,
8 πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ.
ἐν τῷ γὰρ ὑποτάξαι [αὐτῷ] τὰ πάντα οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον. Νῦν δὲ οὔπω ὁρῶμεν αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα ὑποτεταγμένα·
6. DIEMARTURANTO DE POU TIS LEGWN,
TI ESTIN ANQRWPOS hOTI EPISKEPTHi AUTON?
H hUIOS ANQRWPOU hOTI EPISKEPTHi AUTON?
7. HLATTWSAS AUTON BRAXU TI PAR' AGGELOUS,
DOCHi KAI TIMHi ESTEFANWSAS AUTON,
8. PANTA hUPETACAS hUPOKATW TWN PODWN AUTOU.
EN TWi GAR hUPOTACAI [AUTWi] TA PANTA OUDEN AFHKEN AUTWi ANUPOTAKTON. NUN DE OUPW hORWMEN AUTWi TA PANTA hUPOTETAGMENA
The term υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου hUIOS ANQRWPOU here is debateable. In some places (particularly in the OT) it seems to mean nothing more than "man" which is the way the NRSV understands it here. In other cases it seems to be used as a Messianic title. In view of βλέπομεν Ἰησοῦν BLEPOMEN IHSOUN in v. 9, however, I think the NRSV is incorrect in understanding it simply as "man."
We can now return to your passage. If the author maintains that it is through the Son that the world has been created and that the angels are subjected to (man / The Son of Man) yet continues that all things are NOT YET subjected to him, it would seem that ὅταν δὲ πάλιν εἰσαγάγῃ τὸν πρωτότοκον εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην hOTAN DE PALIN EISAGAGHi TON PRWTOTOKON EIS THN OIKOUMENHN should reference not a future event, but the incarnation [pace Westcott]. In that case πάλιν PALIN would most reasonably be understood in sense #3 in BDAG
③ marker of a discourse or narrative item added to items of a related nature, also, again, furthermore, thereupon (Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 11, 397a καὶ π. with a series of examples): very oft. in a series of quotations fr. scripture (cp. Diod S 37, 30, 2 καὶ πάλιν … καὶ … followed both times by a poetic quotation; a third one had preceded these. All three deal with riches as the highest good and probably come from a collection of quotations; Ps.-Demetr. c. 184 καὶ πάλιν … καὶ π. KAI PALIN … KAI P. with one quotation each. Cp. also Diod S 1, 96, 6; Diog. L. 2, 18; 3, 16; Athen. 4, 17, 140c; 14, 634d; Plut., Mor. 361a καὶ πάλιν … καὶ … ; a quotation follows both times; Just., A I, 35, 5; 38, 2 al.; Ath. 9, 1 al.) J 12:39; 19:37; Ro 15:10–12; 1 Cor 3:20; Hb 1:5; 2:13ab; 4:5; 10:30; 1 Cl 10:4; 15:3f; 16:15; 17:6; 26:3; B 2:7; B 3:1; B 6:2, B 4, B 6, B 14, B 16 and oft. In a series of parables (Simplicius,
In Epict. p. 111, 13–34 connects by means of π. two stories that are along the same lines as the Good Samaritan and the Pharisee and the publican; Kephal. I 76, 34; 77, 8 [a series of proverbs]) Lk 13:20 (cp. vs. 18). Also a favorite expr. when a speaker takes up a formula previously used and continues: πάλιν ἠκούσατε PALIN HKOUSATE Mt 5:33 (cp. vs. 27). πάλιν ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία PALIN hOMOIA ESTIN hH BASILEIA 13:45 (cp. vs. 44), 47.—18:19 (cp. vs. 18); 19:24 (cp. vs. 23).
Arndt, W., Danker, F. W., & Bauer, W. (2000). A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature. (3rd ed.) (752). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
george
gfsomsel
Therefore, O faithful Christian, search for truth, hear truth,
learn truth, love truth, speak the truth, hold the truth,
defend the truth till death.
- Jan Hus
_________
----- Original Message ----
From: A. J. Birch <a_j_birch at yahoo.es>
To: B-Greek <b-greek at lists.ibiblio.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 20, 2007 4:20:30 PM
Subject: [B-Greek] Hb. 1:6: "hOTAN...EISAGAGHi"
Thankyou, George, for this, but the entry in question still seems (to me) to make the Hebrews 1:6 usage at least unusual. If it refers to the Incarnation - a past (at the time of writing), definite and unrepeatable event - then the action in question is not "conditional", "possible" or "repeated". I've just looked at Westcott's commentary and he says (on the grounds of the Greek) that it must refer to a future event, which he takes to be the second coming of the Lord. This leads me to add a second question to my first one: does "hOTAN" + the aorist subjunctive here make it more likely, on purely grammatical grounds, to refer to the second coming than to the first coming? And, in view of what the entry you quote says about it being "usually of (regularly) repeated action", could it (somehow) refer to more than one future coming? (I have no eschatological interest whatsoever in asking these questions.)
Andrew J. Birch
Palma de Mallorca, Spain
----- Original Message -----
From: George F Somsel
To: A. J. Birch ; B-Greek
Sent: Tuesday, November 20, 2007 5:36 PM
Subject: Re: [B-Greek] Hb. 1:6: "hOTAN...EISAGAGHi"
① pert. to an action that is conditional, possible, and, in many instances, repeated, at the time that, whenever, when
ⓐ w. the subj., in which case ὅτ. hOT. oft. approaches the mng. of ἐάν EAN, since the time-reference also indicates the conditions under which the action of the main clause takes place (Kühner-G. II 447f). 1J 2:28 the mss. vary betw. ὅτ.hOT. and ἐάν EAN (as e.g. also Judg 6:3)
α. w. the pres. subj., when the action of the subordinate clause is contemporaneous w. that of the main clause. Usually of (regularly) repeated action whenever, as often as, every time that (PFay 109, 1 ὅταν θέλῃς=‘every time that you want’; likew. POxy 1676, 26; Just., D. 128, 3 ὅταν βούληται hOTAN BOULHTAI. Cp. ἄν AN I, cα) ὅταν ποιῇς ἐλεημοσύνην hOTAN POIHiS ELEHMOSUNHN Mt 6:2; cp. 5f, 16; 10:23; Mk 13:11. ὅταν θέλητε hOTAN QELHTE 14:7.—Lk 12:11; 14:12f al. W. τότε TOTE foll. whenever … , then (Hero Alex. III p. 214, 5) ὅταν ἀσθενῶ hOTAN ASQENW, τότε δυνατός εἰμι TOTE DUNATOS EIMI 2 Cor 12:10. Also without the idea of repetition when 1 Th 5:3.—Looking back upon a preceding time-reference ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης ὅταν πίνω hEWS THS hHMERAS EKEINHS hOTAN PINW Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25. Introducing an epexegetical statement
1J 5:2 (B-D-F §394).
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β. w. the aor. subj., when the action of the subordinate clause precedes that of the main clause (IMaronIsis 9 [ὅτ]αν οἷς ἔβλεψα τὸν ἥλιον [hOT]AN hOIS EBLEYA TON hHLION=‘whenever with what [eyes] I have seen the sun’ [corrected restoration of editio princeps]; PLips 104, 16 [96/95 b.c.]; PRyl 233, 2; Is 28:19; 57:13; Ath. 1, 4): ὅταν ὀνειδίσωσιν hOTAN ONEIDISWSIN when they (have) revile(d) Mt 5:11. Cp. 12:43 (s. KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 285f); 13:32; 23:15; 24:32f; Mk 4:15f, 31f; 13:28; Lk 6:22, 26 and oft. W. τότε TOTE foll. when (someth. has happened), then (Sir 18:7; Jos., Bell. 6, 287, Ant. 10, 213; TestJob 38:3; ApcEsdr 3:13 p. 27, 24) Mt 24:15f; 25:31; Mk 13:14; Lk 5:35 (different in the parallels Mt 9:15; Mk 2:20, where ἡμέραι ὅταν hHMERAI hOTAN days when belong together and τότε is connected w. καί KAI); Lk 21:20; J 8:28; 1 Cor 15:28, 54; Col 3:4.
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Arndt, W., Danker, F. W., & Bauer, W. (2000). A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature., by W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich, and F.W. Danker." (3rd ed.) (730). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
george
gfsomsel
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