[B-Greek] 2 Cor 1:24 ALLA SUNERGOI ESMEN THS CARAS hUMWN
Elizabeth Kline
kline_dekooning at earthlink.net
Wed Jun 24 15:57:12 EDT 2009
On Jun 24, 2009, at 5:10 AM, Carl Conrad wrote:
> Nice observation, this. Ain't it wonderful what an adnominal
> genitive can achieve, when it really tries?
> But in the name of Heaven, do we really need to add on another
> subcategory, "Genitive of Purpose"?
> MH GENOITO!
Carl,
No we don't need a subcategory. The grammars show a wide range of
treatment, no mention at all in N.Turner, M.Zerwick, A.T.Robertson (?
not in TOC or subject index), mention as a fairly common use of the
adnominal genitive but not a subcategory G.Cooper, named and
discussed, but not a title in a subheading Smyth #1408, a full
subheading BDF 166 cites Jn 5:29 as a prime example, given a
subheading and explained in terms of transformational grammar R.Young
p37. Young was the only one who cited 2 Cor 1:24 SUNERGOI ... THS
CARAS as and example.
Young's treatment focuses on what is required to make 2 Cor 1:24
SUNERGOI ... THS CARAS readable in English, explained in terms of deep
structure and transformations. Young's analysis might be turned
against him to argue that attaching a "final" or "purpose" semantic
feature to the genitive THS CARAS is "motivated by translation
strategies" (Carl Conrad) and is not really a feature of the genitive
case at all. What we see in 2 Cor 1:24 SUNERGOI ... THS CARAS is a
vague, underdetermined, open ended semantic association between the
genitive and its substantive. It is the structure of the context OUC
hOTI ... ALLA SUNERGOI ... THS CARAS that suggests to R.Young (and
others) that purpose should be made explicit in translation. That is
neither here nor there when it comes to reading the Greek Text. Paul
is capable of being extremely vague and several examples can be found
in immediate context.
Young's other example is ANOIXHi ... QURAN TOU LOGOU in Col 4:3
Col. 4:1 Οἱ κύριοι, τὸ δίκαιον καὶ τὴν
ἰσότητα τοῖς δούλοις παρέχεσθε,
εἰδότες ὅτι καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔχετε κύριον
ἐν οὐρανῷ. 2 Τῇ προσευχῇ
προσκαρτερεῖτε, γρηγοροῦντες ἐν
αὐτῇ ἐν εὐχαριστίᾳ, 3
προσευχόμενοι ἅμα καὶ περὶ ἡμῶν,
ἵνα ὁ θεὸς ἀνοίξῃ ἡμῖν θύραν τοῦ
λόγου λαλῆσαι τὸ μυστήριον τοῦ
Χριστοῦ, δι᾿ ὃ καὶ δέδεμαι, 4 ἵνα
φανερώσω αὐτὸ ὡς δεῖ με λαλῆσαι.
COL. 4:1 hOI KURIOI, TO DIKAION KAI THN ISOTHTA TOIS DOULOIS
PARECESQE, EIDOTES hOTI KAI hUMEIS ECETE KURION EN OURANWi. 2 THi
PROSEUCHi PROSKARTEREITE, GRHGOROUNTES EN AUTHi EN EUCARISTIAi, 3
PROSEUCOMENOI hAMA KAI PERI hHMWN, hINA hO QEOS ANOIXHi hHMIN QURAN
TOU LOGOU LALHSAI TO MUSTHRION TOU CRISTOU, DI᾿ hO KAI DEDEMAI, 4
hINA FANERWSW AUTO hWS DEI ME LALHSAI.
The expression ANOIXHi ... QURAN TOU LOGOU is a metaphor. I can see
how hINA ...TOU CRISTOU could (should?) be read as defining a purpose,
hINA, etc. (yes I have read M.Sim). But why do we need to attach
purpose as a semantic attribute to TOU LOGOU? Perhaps Young is
thinking deep structure and transformation, thus unpacking the
metaphor something like "provide us opportunity in order that we might
preach the gospel". Once again, that is translation issue. But I am
not sure that TOU LOGOU has purpose as a semantic feature within the
metaphor ANOIXHi ... QURAN TOU LOGOU. I would be inclined to to read
the TOU LOGOU as "on behalf of ..." what ever category that might be.
BDF #166 cites ZWHS and KRISEWS in Jn 5:29 as a prime examples of the
genitive of "purpose (result)".
John 5:28 μὴ θαυμάζετε τοῦτο, ὅτι
ἔρχεται ὥρα ἐν ᾗ πάντες οἱ ἐν τοῖς
μνημείοις ἀκούσουσιν τῆς φωνῆς
αὐτοῦ 29 καὶ ἐκπορεύσονται οἱ τὰ
ἀγαθὰ ποιήσαντες εἰς ἀνάστασιν
ζωῆς, οἱ δὲ τὰ φαῦλα πράξαντες εἰς
ἀνάστασιν κρίσεως.
JOHN 5:28 MH QAUMAZETE TOUTO, hOTI ERCETAI hWRA EN hHi PANTES hOI EN
TOIS MNHMEIOIS AKOUSOUSIN THS FWNHS AUTOU 29 KAI EKPOREUSONTAI hOI TA
AGAQA POIHSANTES EIS ANASTASIN ZWHS, hOI DE TA FAULA PRAXANTES EIS
ANASTASIN KRISEWS.
I don't find anything compelling about this reading. ZWHS and KRISEWS
look like perfectly ordinary genitives qualifying a noun, ANASTASIN.
The fact that they are constituents within a prepositional phrase with
EIS used with EKPOREUSONTAI to mark a goal doesn't alter the function
of the genitive.
Thank you,
Elizabeth Kline
On Jun 23, 2009, at 5:18 PM, Elizabeth Kline wrote:
> 2Cor. 1:24 οὐχ ὅτι κυριεύομεν ὑμῶν τῆς
> πίστεως ἀλλὰ συνεργοί ἐσμεν τῆς
> χαρᾶς ὑμῶν· τῇ γὰρ πίστει
> ἑστήκατε.
>
> 2COR. 1:24 OUC hOTI KURIEUOMEN hUMWN THS PISTEWS ALLA SUNERGOI ESMEN
> THS CARAS hUMWN· THi GAR PISTEI hESTHKATE.
>
> Sophocles Trag., Oedipus tyrannus
> Line 1200
>
> ὅστις καθ' ὑπερβολὰν
> τοξεύσας ἐκράτησε τοῦ
> πάντ' εὐδαίμονος ὄλβου,
> ὦ Ζεῦ, κατὰ μὲν φθίσας
> τὰν γαμψώνυχα παρθένον
> χρησμῳδόν, θανάτων δ' ἐμᾷ
> χώρᾳ πύργος ἀνέστα·
> ἐξ οὗ καὶ βασιλεὺς καλῇ
> ἐμὸς καὶ τὰ μέγιστ' ἐτι-
> μάθης ταῖς μεγάλαισιν ἐν
> Θήβαις<ιν> ἀνάσσων.
>
> SOPHOCLES TRAG., OEDIPUS TYRANNUS
> LINE 1200
>
> hOSTIS KAQ' hUPERBOLAN {ANT. 1.}
> TOXEUSAS EKRATHSE TOU
> PANT' EUDAIMONOS OLBOU,
> W ZEU, KATA MEN FQISAS
> TAN GAMYWNUCA PARQENON
> CRHSMWiDON, QANATWN D' EMAi
> CWRAi PURGOS ANESTA·
> EX hOU KAI BASILEUS KALHi
> EMOS KAI TA MEGIST' ETI-
> MAQHS TAIS MEGALAISIN EN
> QHBAIS<IN> ANASSWN.
>
> R. Young (Interm. NT Greek, 1994 p. 37) under a subheading "Genitive
> of Purpose" cites 2 Cor 1:24 ALLA SUNERGOI ESMEN THS CARAS hUMWN and
> states that "There are two clauses at the deep structure: 'We work
> together with you' and 'you have joy'. The two clauses are linked with
> a means-purpose relationship."
>
> G.Cooper (Gk Syntax, v1, 47.7.6.A p181) "The adnominal genitive is
> often added to its noun in a simply paratactic sense ... as in all
> manners of apposition ... it adds an explanation. ... explanation in
> terms of purpose (finality) (including negative purpose, prevention)
> is especially frequent."
>
> Cooper's first example QANATWN ... PURGOS S.OT 1200 was the most
> accessible (close at hand) and illustrates "negative purpose,
> prevention". It also shares another feature (anti-feature?) with
> SUNERGOI ... THS CARAS ... hUMWN 2COR. 1:24. The semantic bridge
> between PURGOS and QANATWN is nearly (but not quite) as far fetched as
> SUNERGOI and THS CARAS.
>
> Cooper treats this under the general heading adnominal genitive, where
> the notion of purpose (finality) illustrates the flexibility of the
> adnominal genitive.
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