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Tue May 3 10:41:24 EDT 2011
underlying meaning of the clause under discussion.
John 1:1c might be pretty self-evident, and easy to translate, other
examples are not quite so easy. For example, in 1 John 4:8, we read:
hO QEOS AGAPH ESTIN.
This would be semantically classified as follows:
hO (R) + QEOS (O) + AGAPH (Abstract) + ESTIN (Event)
One more example which helps us to see the difference that deep
structure reading can make is Mark 1:4. In this example, nouns are
transformed into events! I.e., when stripped of their "superficial
noun-ness" (Black), seeming substantives become VERBS. Thus in Mark
1:4, hAMARTIWN (of sins) becomes an event. BAPTISMA also becomes an
event. This has some interesting implications for translation. the TEV
follows this methodology, and translates Mark 1:4:
"So John appeared in the desert, baptizing and preaching. 'Turn away
from your sins and be baptized,' he told the people, 'and God will
forgive your sin.'"
Contrast this deep structural rendering with the RSV (which emphasizes
the surface structure of Greek).
One work that briefly touches on deep structure is psychologist's
Sydney Lamb's _Outline of Stratificational Grammar_. On. pp. 34-35,
40, the development of deep structure is discussed in detail (from
Harris, Chomsky, and Shaumyan).
Hope this helps,
Edgar Foster
Classics Major
Lenoir-Rhyne College
Hickory, NC
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