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Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas - Radford, Ahles, Bell
Copyright - UNC Press 1998, 1999. All Rights Reserved.



1. J. communis var. depressa Pursh,* GROUND J. Nearly prostrate shrub, forming dense mats, to 3 m in diam. Young bark yellowish to dark purple, old bark brown. Prostrate branches often with adventitious roots; leaves in whorls of 3, flat-subulate edges upturned, with a broad glaucous stripe above, 6-16 mm long. Male cones 4-6 mm long, shedding pollen March-April mature female cones blue or black glaucous, 6-10 mm in diam., maturing in 2nd or 3rd year. Rocky soil; Gaston and Macon Cos., N.C., Greenville Co., S.C. [Va., Gal] J. sibirica Burgsd.--S.
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2. J. virginiana L.,* RED CEDAR. Medium sized tree, varying much in form, from broadly pyramidal to narrowly columnar. Bark brown, shreddy; leaves short scales in close overlapping pairs, forming 4-sided twigs, except in juveniles where leaves are longer, flat, pointed, more distant and in whorls of 3, the juvenile foliage often found on some branches of the more mature plants; color of leaves varying from a yellowish green to a distinctly bluish green; foliage fragrant. Male cones 3-4 mm long, abundant on the tips of small twigs, shedding pollen in some years as early as Jan. and in some years as late as March; female cones small and inconspicuous on the tips of short branches, generally receptive for pollen several days after the cones on male trees have started shedding pollen, and reach maturity as a bluish black, glaucous "berry" by Oct.-Nov. of 1st year. (n=11; 3n=33) Old fields and woods and dry soils; throughout, but more abundant in pied. [SE.] Sabina virginiana (L.) Antoine--S.. Fertilization takes place early in June of the 1st year in those ovules that have been pollinated. On young female cones the sporophylls thicken and fuse early, but if fertilization has not taken place by the middle of June, the immature " fruits" begin dropping.
[ Specimen Image ]

3. J. silicicola (Small) Bailey,* SOUTHERN RED CEDAR. Medium sized tree, similar to J. virginiana and often confused with it, but the twigs generally more slender. Male cones 5-6 mm long, shedding pollen Jan.-Feb.; female cones 3-4 mm long, maturing Oct.-Nov. of 1st year. Sandy soil; outer op. [Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss.] Sabina silicicolaSmall--S.