From: jidai@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Jihong Dai)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.china
Subject:soc.culture.china FAQ(3)--Internet
Summary: This posting contains a list of frequently-asked-questions (and their answers) about the newsgroup "soc.culture.china". The third part covers the Internet issue and is written by Tung-chiang Yang < tcyang@netcom.com > , with contribution assistance from Zhan Su < raysu@hphkae0.hkg.hp.com > and Mark Swofford < mswofford@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu >
Organization: The Ohio State university

Archive-name: cultures/china/internet
Posting-Frequency: approximately biweekly
Last-modified: 1997/07/01


INTERNET IN CHINA


Written by Tung-chiang Yang < tcyang@netcom.com > with contribution and assistance from Zhan Su < raysu@hphkae0.hkg.hp.com >

For comments and suggestions, please send your ideas to the author or to
scc-faq@saavik.cem.msu.edu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  • (I. 1) Are there any World Wide Web pages for China?
  • (I. 2) Are there any FTP sites in China?
  • (I. 3) Are there any archie servers in China?
  • (I. 4) Are there any gopher servers in China?
  • (I. 5) Where can I access the Internet in China?
  • (I. 6) My friend has such and such an E-mail address. Where is he?
  • (I. 7) How can I read China's local Usenet newsgroups?
  • (I. 8) How can I read Usenet newsgroups which my newsserver does not carry?
  • (I. 9) Are there any active BBS's in Mainland China?
  • (I. 10) How can I send E-mail or post to the Usenet anonymously?

    Internet in China

    (I. 1) Are there any World Wide Web pages for China?

    Yes, there are some. You may try the URL at

    http://www.edu.cn/china/,

    It provides some links for the People's Republic of China.

    Some Peking University alumni also maintain two WWW pages in the U.S.; another page in Europe may join later. Their URL's are at

    http://www.fiu.edu/~zyang01/pku/pku.html and
    http://www.freepress.com/pku/

    The first one (in the Eastern U.S.) is maintained by Zhong Yang, "yangz@fiu.edu" and the second one (in the Western U.S.) is maintained by Michael Yee, "myee@best.com".

    The homepage for ChinaNet, a somewhat technically oriented network, is based at

    http://www.cnc.ac.cn

    It describes some facts about "The National Computing/Networking Facility of China" (NCFC), a project supported by the World Bank.

    If you are interested in knowing China from an American viewpoint, try the WWW page for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA):

    http://www.odci.gov/cia

    and, while there, choose "China" under the entries "CIA Publications", "The World Factbook 1996" and "Asia". You can directly go to the CIA file about China by

    http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/nsolo/factbook/ch.htm

    Hongkong was returned to China on July 1st, 1997. Currently the official WWW site for the Hong Kong government is at

    http://www.hongkong.org

    You might also want to check out

    http://www.hk1997.china.com/

    for views representing the government for the Hongkong Special District which took over Hongkong after July 1st, 1997.

    Macau is currently under Portuguese administration. The official URL for Macau is at

    http://www.macau.net

    which also includes a pointer to the homepage for the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone.

    For news information, you can try the URL for the China News Agency, which is at

    http://www.chinanews.com/

    where you can read both English and Chinese news (a Chinese environment is required). You will need to provide an account name and a password to access news here. On the other hand, now People's Daily is also online at

    http://www.peopledaily.co.cn

    though a Chinese environment will be needed.

    You might also try the WWW page at

    http://www.mordor.com/pei/china.html

    with the title "China the Beautiful", where you can find some information about the traditional side of China, like writings of Confucius, Tang poetry and other art issues. You do not need a Chinese environment to visit this site, but some of its contents still require a Big5 or GB environment.

    Some graduates from Zhejiang University and Fudan University established a Web page at

    http://www.cyberway-to-china.com/ ,

    which is also worth visiting. This page includes some hotel listings, business on-line resources, and some interesting links to other sites for provincial maps, classical poems and paintings, etc.

    For more information regarding WWW, subscribe to the newsgroups "comp.infosystems.www.misc" and "comp.infosystems.www.announce".

    (I. 2) Are there any FTP sites in China?

    The ftp server for NCFC is located at the URL

    ftp://ftp.cnc.ac.cn

    It covers the information about NCFC and ChinaNet.

    The ftp server for CERNET is at the URL

    ftp://ftp.cernet.edu.cn

    It seems to be under construction just now and more things are being added.

    You can find some interesting software, like "talk" in Chinese, at the ftp servers in Beijing and Shanghai:

    ftp://info.bta.net.cn/pub/software and
    ftp://info.sta.net.cn/pub

    The ftp server at Tsinghua University is now set up at:

    ftp://ftp.net.tsinghua.edu.cn

    You can share something you created with others by putting them in the directory "/incoming". Please remember to send an E-mail to "hzr@net.tsinghua.edu.cn" for a description of your package and not to infringe the copyrights of the commercial softwares.

    "ftp.ifcss.org" is not located in Mainland China, but it provides a lot of useful information (like immigration) and Chinese software. You can try the URL at

    ftp://ftp.ifcss.org/pub

    and have a tour there. It is also mirrored at "ftp://ftp.cnd.org/" and "ftp://nctuccca.edu.tw/".

    The FTP site for China News Digest, "ftp://ftp.cnd.org", keeps some information regarding back issues of CINET-L (Chinese Internet Tech Forum non-public discussion list), and CND's Chinese Magazine. You can go to the directory "/pub/cinet" to fetch them. Canadian and European readers can use "ftp://canada.cnd.org/" or "ftp://uk.cnd.org/".

    (I. 3) Are there any archie servers in China?

    There does not seem to be a server explicitly reserved for archie in China. However, you can make use of the "Archie Request Form" at

    http://www.cernic.net/INFO/archie

    to start your archie search. In the form there is a field with which you can select the archie server you want to use, which should be close to your site in the network sense for best performance.

    (I. 4) Are there any gopher servers in China?

    You can try the gopher server at

    gopher://gopher.cnc.ac.cn

    It contains information about NCFC and libraries. On the other hand, the server

    gopher://gopher.ncic1.ac.cn

    includes some introductory information about NCIC. Accessing this gopher server requires some GB encoding software, and it seems that this site is not yet well built.

    The gopher server at CERNIC (in Tsinghua University) might be the master server in China. Its URL is at

    gopher://gopher.cernic.net

    It registers all the open gopher servers connected to CERNET in China.

    Peking University also set up a gopher server, which is located at

    gopher://gopher.pku.edu.cn:70/11/

    It includes a phonebook directory for PKU and also some Usenet FAQ documents which might be convenient for people in China.

    (I. 5) Where can I access the Internet in China?

    In addition to the the academic and educational sites, there are some Internet connection service providers in China. Below is a partial list of these providers:

    ChinaNet:
    Cost:
    Basic Rate:
    600 RMB for 40 hours/month or 100 RMB for 6 hours/month (optional)
    Extended Rate:
    20 RMB/hour
    Weekend Rate:
    10 RMB/hour for legal holidays, weekends, and 21:00-07:00 for weekdays.
    Communication Fee:
    300 RMB (prepaid)
    Installation Fee:
    200 RMB (optional)
    Information:
    Marketing Department of Beijing Telecom Bureau (phone no. 010-601-0861) In Shanghai you can try the phone no. 021-3271014.
    Services:
    mail:
    public.bta.net.cn (202.96.0.97)
    ftp:
    ftp.bta.net.cn (202.96.0.124) (also aliased as info.bta.net.cn)
    www:
    www.bta.net.cn (202.96.0.124) (also aliased as info.bta.net.cn)
    gopher:
    gopher.bta.net.cn (202.96.0.124) (also aliased as info.bta.net.cn)
    news:
    news.bta.net.cn (202.96.0.124) (also aliased as info.bta.net.cn)

    This news server carries about 1080 newsgroups as of June, 1995. (You might also try replacing all "bta" above with "spt".)

    The Web page http://www.bta.net.cn/what_new.html includes some information about account applications.

    GDNet:
    Information:
    Guangdong Post and Telecommunications Agency ( GDPTA ) under the Post and Telecommunications Administration. (phone no. (20)730-2420, 730-1043 for Guangdong Digital Communications Agency)

    You can also go to http://www.gz.gdpta.net.cn/ for information. An English version is available at http://www.gz.gdpta.net.cn/Eng/.

    Services:
    E-mail, Usenet news, telnet, ftp, gopher and WWW browsing, and archie/WAIS searching.

    China-On-Line E-mail Service
    Cost:
    Initiation Fee:
    4,800 RMB for corporations
    1,200 RMB for individual users
    Both initiation fees include softwares, installation and training
    Monthly Flat Fee:
    1,200 RMB unlimited access time for corporations
    350 RMB unlimited access time for individual users on weekends and 18:00-08:00 on weekdays
    Features:
    • Local access to our service in Beijing, China; access from other cities of China can be done with very cheap domestic long distance call.
    • User friendly E-mail software which allows user to access E-mail offline ( without holding up user's telephone line for too long ).
    • 5 days per week technical and customer support.
    • Focus on Internet E-mail service only (no other Internet services such as FTP, Gopher, home page, WWW) to minimize the chance of user getting busy tone when dialing in.
    Information:
    China-On-Line Communication Ltd. Tel: 86-10-8498603 and Fax: 86-10-8498603. You can also send an E-mail to info@chinaonline.com.cn.net for further information.
    Great Trend Internet Services:
    Information:
    You can send an E-mail to zhaoe@shell.cninfo.co.cn for information about application for regular user accounts. You can also visit http://www.cninfo.co.cn/ for other related information.
    China Data (International United Online Ltd.):
    Information:
    You can visit http://www.iuol.cn.net/ for related information. China Data claims to be the first commercial company providing Internet service in China with shareholders consisting of Beijing Telegraph Office and some other agencies/companies. It provides E-mail, ftp, telnet, Usenet, gopher and WWW services.

    If you just want to open an E-mail account in Mainland China, you can contact

    CNC             Ms. Xiqiong Zhang           zxq@ns.cnc.ac.cn
    IHEP            Ms. Xiao-guang Wang         86-10-255-4324
    	        or Ms. Ge-tao Li            86-10-256-1604
    SICCUIN         Ms. Huang                   86-10-809-3033
                                                Fax: +809-3045
    FUDAN           Mr. Liangyao Chen           86-21-534-7577
    DDN             officials in the Bureau     86-10-201-2994
    CEIC            no specific person          86-10-822-1972
    CHINAPAC        no specific person          86-10-601-0861
    

    In the Shanghai region you can send an E-mail to CHEN, Liang-yao at "lychen@fudan.ihep.ac.cn" or call him at (86)21-534-7577 for accounts with E-mail access. Other Internet services might be added soon.

    (I. 6) My friend has such and such an E-mail address. Where is he?

    The top-level domain name for addresses in China is "cn". However, the secondary level domain is somewhat different from those used in the USA. A brief listing is as follows:

    ac.cn    Academic Community ( Academy of Science )
    edu.cn   EDUcational sites (universities)
    go.cn    GOvernmental departments
    co.cn    COmmercial sites (COmpanies)
    or.cn    ORganizations
    bj.cn    BeiJing
    sh.cn    ShangHai
    .....    .....
    

    Some Internet Service Providers (ISP), especially those from the U.S., might offer accounts which do not use the "cn" convention.

    Some sites, especially educational sites, are listed below.

    xxx.ac.cn:
    bmi -- Military Medical Information Center
    cc -- Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing
    cnc -- Chinese Network Center
    cncodata -- Chinese National Committee for CODATA
    csdi -- (to be resolved)
    ia -- Institute of Automation
    icm -- Institute for Chemical Metallurgy
    ict -- ICS - Intelligent Computer Science
    ihep -- Institute of Higher Energy Physics(China's first direct Internet link. It has been operational since May 1994.)
    ihepa -- Zhong-Guan-Cun Branch of IHEP
    im -- Institute of Microbiology
    imech -- Institute of Mechanics
    ioa -- Institute of Acoustics
    ioz -- Institute of Zoology
    iscas -- (To be resolved)
    kw -- Keh Wang (Scientific Net)
    math -- Institute of Mathematics
    ncicl -- National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems
    scsti -- Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Sichuan
    sti -- Institute of Science and Technology Information of China
    ustc -- University of Science and Technology of China
    xxx.edu.cn:
    asnc -- Anshan Normal College
    bit -- Beijing Institute of Technology
    bjau -- China Agricultural University (Beijing)
    bjmu -- Beijing Medical University
    bjpu -- Beijing Polytechnical University
    bnu -- Beijing Normal University
    buaa -- Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
    buct -- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
    bupt -- Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
    cau -- China Agricultural University
    ccnu -- Central China Normal University
    cdnet -- Chengdu Southwestern China Regional Network Center
    cernet -- Cernet
    chisa -- China Scholars Abroad (magazine)
    cmu -- China Medical University (Liaoning)
    cpu -- China Pharmaceutical University (Nanjing)
    cqjzu -- Chongqing Jianzhu (Architecture) University (Sichuan)
    cqu -- Chongqing University (Sichuan)
    cqupt -- Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunication (Sichuan)
    csru -- Changsha Railway University
    csut -- Central South University of Technology (Hunan)
    ctu -- China Textile University
    cumt -- China University of Mining Technology (Xuzhou)
    dgut -- Dongguan University of Technology
    dlmu -- Dalian Maritime University
    dlrin -- Dalian Railway Institute
    dlut -- Dalian University of Technology
    dqswu -- Daqing Staff and Workers University
    ecnu -- East China Normal University
    ecsi -- East China Shipbuilding Institute (Zhenjiang City)
    ecust -- East China University of Science and Technology (Shanghai)
    fosu -- Foshan University (Guangdong)
    fspu -- Fushun Petrol University
    fudan -- Fudan University
    fusu -- Fushan University (Guangdong)
    fzu -- Fuzhou University
    gdcc -- Guangdong Commercial College
    gdmc -- Guangdong Medical College
    gdut -- Guangdong University of Technology
    gliet -- Guilin Electronic Industry University
    gspi -- Gansu Polytechnical Institute
    guangztc -- Guangzhou Teacher's College
    guangzu -- Guangzhou University
    guzu -- Guizhou University
    gxnu -- Guangxi Normal University
    gxu -- Guangxi University
    gznet -- Southern China Regional Network Center
    gznu -- Guangzhou Normal University
    gzsums -- Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Science
    gzu -- Guangzhou University
    hainnu -- Hainan Normal University
    hbu -- Hebei University
    henu -- Henan University
    hfut -- Hefei University of Technology (Anhui)
    hhu -- Hehai University (Jiangsu)
    hit -- Harbin Institute of Technology
    hlju -- Heilongjiang University
    hlstc -- Science and Technology Commission of Heilongjiang Province
    hrbeu -- Harbin Engineering University
    hrbmu -- Harbin Medical University
    hrbucea -- Harbin University of Civil Engineering & Architecture
    hrbust -- Harbin University of Science and Technology
    hubu -- Hubei University
    huizu -- Huizhou University (Guangdong)
    hunu -- Hunan University
    hust -- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan)
    hzuniv -- Hangzhou University
    jlu -- Jilin University
    jnu -- Jinan University (Guangdong)
    jsust -- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
    jut -- Jilin University of Technology
    kust -- Kunming University of Science and Technology (Yunnan)
    ln -- Northeast Yucai School
    lnu -- Liaoning University
    lzri -- Lanzhou Railroad Institute
    lzu -- Lanzhou University
    maple -- China-Canada EDU
    nankai -- Nankai University (Tianjin)
    ncu -- Nanchang University
    neau -- Northeast Agricultural University
    nefu -- Northeast Forestry University (Heilongjiang)
    nenu -- Northeast Normal University (Jilin)
    net -- CERNET
    neu -- Northeastern University (Shenyang)
    njau -- Nanjing Agriculture University
    njfu -- Nanjing Forest University
    njim -- Nanjing Institute of Metrology
    njmu -- Nanjing Medical University
    njnet -- Eastern China (North) Regional Network Center
    njnu -- Nanjing Normal University
    njtu -- North Jiaotong University (Beijing)
    nju -- Nanjing University
    njuct -- Nanjing University of Chemical Technology
    njupt -- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
    njust -- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
    njutcm -- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
    nuaa -- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
    nuct -- Nanjing University of Chemical Technology
    nudt -- National University of Defense Technology (Hunan)
    nust -- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
    nwau -- Northwest Agricultural University (Xian)
    nwmu -- Northwest Minorities University
    nwpu -- Northwest Polytechnical University (Xian)
    nwu -- Northwest University (Shaanxi)
    nxu -- Ningxia University
    nxpi -- Ningxia Polytechnical Institute
    ouq -- Ocean University of Qingdao
    pku -- Peking University
    qhu -- Qinghai University
    qhnu -- Qinghai Normal University
    sacei -- Shandong Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute
    scau -- South China Agriculture University
    scnu -- South China Normal University
    scut -- South China University of Technology (Guangzhou)
    scuu -- United University of Sichuan
    sdibm -- Shandong Institute of Building Materials Industry
    sepi -- Shenyang Electric Power Institute
    seu -- Southeast University (Nanjing)
    shmu -- Shanghai Medical University
    shnet -- Eastern China (South) Regional Network Center
    shsmu -- Shanghai Second Medical University
    shtdu -- Shanghai Tie Dao University
    shu -- Shanghai University
    sjtu -- Shanghai Jiaotong University
    stu -- Shantou University
    suda -- Suzhou University (Jiangsu)
    swjtu -- Southwest Jiaotong University
    sxtu -- Shaanxi Teachers University
    syepi -- Shenyang Electrical Power Institute
    syiae -- Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering
    syit -- Shenyang Institute of Technology
    synet -- Northeastern Regional Network Center
    syu -- Shenyang University
    szu -- Shenzhen University (Guangdong)
    tjmu -- Tongji Medical University (Shanghai)
    tju -- Tianjin University (formerly known as Beiyang University)
    tongji -- Tongji University (Shanghai)
    tsinghua -- Tsing Hua University
    tyut -- Taiyuan University of Technology
    uestc -- University of Electronic Science and Technology in China (Sichuan)
    whapu -- Wuhan Automobile Polytechnical University
    whnet -- Central China Regional Network Center
    whu -- Wuhan University
    wtusm -- Wuhan Technology University of Survey and Mapping
    wuhee -- Wuhan Hydraulic and Electric Engineering
    wut -- Wuhan University of Technology
    wxuli -- Wuxi University of Light Industry
    wyu -- Wuyi University (Guangdong)
    xahu -- Xi'an Highway University
    xaili -- Xi'an Institute of Light Industry
    xamu -- Xi'an Medical University
    xanet -- Northwestern Regional Network Center
    xauat -- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
    xhu -- Xian Highway University
    xidian -- Xidian University (Xian)
    xipt -- Xian Institute of Post and Telecommunications
    xit -- Xi'an Institute of Technology
    xiyou -- (To be resolved)
    xjtu -- Xi'an Jiaotong University
    xju -- Xinjiang University
    xmu -- Xiamen University
    xpi -- Xi'an Petroleum Institute
    xut -- Xian University of Technology
    ybu -- Yanbian University (Jilin)
    ybust -- Yanbian University of Science and Technology (Jilin)
    ynift -- Yunnan Institute of Financial and Trade
    ynnu -- Yunnan Normal University
    ynpu -- Yunnan Polytechnic University
    ynu -- Yunnan University
    yzu -- Yangzhou University
    zjau -- Zhejiang Agricultural University
    zju -- Zhejiang University
    zsmu -- Zhongshan Medical University (Guangdong)
    zsu -- Zhongshan University (Guangdong)
    zufe -- Zhongnan University of Finance and Economics (Hubei)
    zzu -- Zhengzhou University
    xxx.go.cn:
    beic -- Beijing Economic Information Network
    cei -- CEI (China Economic Information) net
    ceic -- Information Center of Ministry of Electronics Industry
    xxx.net.cn:
    beijing.cn.net -- Beijing BIKE Electronics Tech. Co., Ltd.
    bta -- Beijing Telecommunications Administration
    canet.cn -- Institute of Computer Application
    cernic.net -- China Education and Research Network Information Center
    dl.lnpta -- Dalian, Liaoning Posts and Telecommunication Administration
    gdpta -- Guangdong Posts and Telecommunications Administration
    ipm.china.cn.net -- Integrated Pest Management of China
    shedi -- Shanghai EDI Industry Co., Ltd.
    sta -- Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Administration
    sy.lnpta -- Shenyang, Liaoning Posts and Telecommunication Administration
    szptt -- Shenzhen Posts and Telecommunications Bureau, Digital Communications Services
    sti.cn.net -- Web Dragon
    tjvan -- Tianjin Xiandao Informations and Networks Company
    zjpta -- Zhejiang Posts and Telecommunications Administration
    xxx.or.cn:
    cnd.org -- China News Digest
    china -- China Internet Information Center
    china-embassy.org -- Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United States of America
    chinamz.org -- China Monthly
    hsk -- Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (Chinese Proficiency Test)
    xxx.co.cn:
    bol -- Beijing on Line
    cibtc -- (To be resolved)
    dlink -- D-Link Corporation
    east -- East Telecommunication Co. Ltd.
    em -- Beijing Email Co. Ltd.
    gh -- Guang Hua International Information Technology Development Co. Ltd.
    homeway -- Homeway Net
    ihw -- Beijing Information Highway Co. Ltd.
    intercom -- (To be resolved)
    kw -- China Wind
    midwest -- China Services from Midwest
    netchina -- ChinaNet Info Tech
    pages -- China Pages
    peopledaily -- People's Daily
    phei -- Publishing House of Electronics Industry
    sdcmt -- Shangdong CMT
    securitiestimes.com.cn -- Securities Times
    thechinapress.com -- The China Press
    xxx.(province).cn:
    hf.ah.cn -- Hefei Datacom Bureau, Anhui
    fz.fj.cn -- Fuzhou DCB, Fujian
    202.96.142.62 -- Huizhou DCB, Guangdong
    guangzhou.gd.cn -- Guangzhou DCB
    jiangmen.gd.cn -- Jiangmen DCB
    shenzhen.gd.cn -- Shenzhen DCB
    zhanjiang.gd.cn -- Zhanjiang DCB (202.96.140.52)
    zhuhai.gd.cn -- Zhuhai DCB
    lz.gs.cn -- Lanzhou DCB, Gangsu
    nn.gx.cn -- Nanning DCB, Guangxi
    gy.gz.cn -- Guiyang DCB, Guizhou
    wh.hb.cn -- Wuhan DCB, Hubei
    hr.hl.cn -- Harbin DCB, Heilongjiang
    cs.hn.cn -- Changsha DCB, Hunan
    hk.hq.cn -- Haikou DCB, Hainan
    zz.hy.cn -- Zhenzhou DCB, Henan
    cc.jl.cn -- Changchun DCB, Jilin
    cz.js.cn -- Changzhou DCB, Jiangsu
    hy.js.cn -- Huaiyin DCB, Jiangsu
    lyg.js.cn -- Lienyungang DCB, Jiangsu
    nj.js.cn -- Nanjing DCB, Jiangsu
    nt.js.cn -- Nantong DCB, Jiangsu
    ptt.js.cn -- Jiangsu Post and Telecommunications Bureau
    sz.js.cn -- Suzhou DCB, Jiangsu
    wx.js.cn -- Wuxi DCB, Jiangsu
    xz.js.cn -- Xuzhou DCB, Jiangsu
    yc.js.cn -- Yancheng DCB, Jiangsu
    yz.js.cn -- Yangzhou DCB, Jiangsu
    zj.js.cn -- Zhenjiang DCB, Jiangsu
    nc.jx.cn -- Nanchang DCB, Jianxi
    hh.hm.cn -- Hohhot DCB, Neimongol
    sy.ln.cn -- Shenyang DCB, Liaoning
    yc.nx.cn -- Yinchuan DCB, Ninxia
    xn.qh.cn -- Xining DCB, Qinhai
    cd.sc.cn -- Chengdu DCB, Sichuan
    cq.sc.cn -- Chongqing DCB, Sichuan
    jn.sd.cn -- Jinan DCB, Shandong
    cyberinfo.online.sh.cn -- (To be resolved)
    sz.sj.cn -- Shijiazhuang DCB, Hebei
    xa.sn.cn -- Xian DCB, Shaanxi
    ty.sx.cn -- Taiyuan DCB, Shanxi
    tpt.tj.cn -- Tianjin Posts and Telecommunications
    wl.xj.cn -- Wulumuqi DCB, Xinjian
    ls.xz.cn -- Lhasa DCB, Xizhang
    istiy.yn.cn -- (To be resolved)
    km.yn.cn -- Kunming DCB, Yunnan
    hz.zj.cn -- Hanzhou DCB, Zhejiang
    xxx.sh.cn:
    online -- (To be resolved)

    (I. 7) How can I read China's local Usenet newsgroups?

    You can try to connect your newsreader program (such as "tin") to the following newsservers to read local Usenet newsgroups in China. However, please remember that the Internet connection across the Pacific may be slow at times. Listed below are a few of them:

    news.ac.cn (osf.cnc.ac.cn, 159.226.2.8)
    This is a newsserver which is fed from Sesquinet in Houston, Texas every 5 minutes. Currently it carries around 2000 newsgroups.
    news.cernet.edu.cn (beijing3.cernet.edu.cn, 166.111.250.3)
    This is a newsserver based in Cernet (China Education and Research Network).
    news.bta.net.cn (info.bta.net.cn, 202.96.0.124)
    This is a newsserver based in ChinaNet.
    news.net.edu.cn (beijing3.net.edu.cn, 166.111.250.3)
    news.pku.edu.cn (sunrise.pku.edu.cn, 202.112.7.11)

    All of the above newsservers refuse connections from the University of California, Los Angeles and they may only be available to some local (in China) users.

    The following news servers are found to be open to the public for testings from University of California, Los Angeles (except that for njnet):

    news.gznet.edu.cn (pineapple.gznet.edu.cn, 202.112.17.34)
    news.njnet.edu.cn (willow.njnet.edu.cn, 202.112.23.161)
    news.shnet.edu.cn (jupiter.shnet.edu.cn, 202.112.26.39)
    news.synet.edu.cn (Taurus.synet.edu.cn, 202.112.29.88)
    news.whnet.edu.cn (s1000e.whnet.edu.cn, 202.112.20.3)
    news.xanet.edu.cn (netsvr.xanet.edu.cn, 202.112.11.140)
    The above newsservers carry newsgroups mostly in "comp.xxxx" and "sci.xxxx" hierarchies, especially for the former. SCC and TPC are not carried for the testing on 01/16/96.
    news.netchina.co.cn (sun1000e.netchina.co.cn, 202.4.142.78)

    (I. 8) How can I read Usenet newsgroups which my newsserver does not carry?

    If you are in Mainland China and you are interested in some groups which newsservers in Mainland China do not carry, you can try to connect your news reader to some newsservers outside the Mainland by setting the environmental variable "NNTPSERVER" to them and read news directly there.

    You can try "fconvx.ncifcrf.gov", "newsserver.technet.sg" and "news.ifcss.org" as your NNTPSERVER. On the other hand, there are also some open news servers in Taiwan. Read the FAQ for "soc.culture.taiwan", Internet part for details.

    Some of the newsservers are for reading only while some others also enable you to post.

    (I. 9) Are there any active BBS's in Mainland China?

    Listed below are the active BBS' in Mainland China as far as we know:

    159.226.250.40 lcc.icm.ac.cn
    159.226.43.26 bbs.ncic1.ac.cn
    (aliased jet.ncic1.ac.cn, blue.ncic.ac.cn,
    jet.ncic.ac.cn, bbs.ncic1.ac.cn)
    Dusklight BBS, NCIC
    202.38.64.3 bbs.ustc.ac.cn(login with "pbbs")
    202.4.142.68 bbs.netchina.co.cn
    202.112.96.6 bbs.bupt.edu.cn
    (aliased ns2.bupt.edu.cn)
    Romantic Geese BBS, BUPT
    202.120.24.9
    bbs.fzu.edu.cn
    202.118.228.71 bbs.hit.edu.cn
    202.118.224.2 bbs1.hit.edu.cn Purple Columbine BBS, HIT
    202.116.9.61 Jinan STI
    202.113.16.20 dawning.nankai.edu.cn
    202.112.0.39 mars.net.edu.cn Xian Mountain BBS, Cernet
    202.118.0.82 bbs.neu.edu.cn
    (aliased conger.neu.edu.cn)
    202.112.144.70 bbs.njtu.edu.cn
    (aliased north.njtu.edu.cn)
    202.112.7.61 bbs.pku.edu.cn
    (aliased sunshine.pku.edu.cn)
    Sunlight Inspiration BBS, PKU
    202.112.26.33 earth.shnet.edu.cn (login with "bbs" for English,
    "cbbs" for GB, and "big5"
    for Big5)
    202.192.128.34 bbs.szu.edu.cn
    (aliased sea.szu.edu.cn)
    166.111.1.11 bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn
    (aliased captain.net.tsinghua.edu.cn)
    Waterwood Tsinghua BBS
    166.111.1.66 Waterwood Tsinghua II BBS
    166.111.1.66 6666 New Oriental Stories II, Tsinghua
    202.112.25.81
    202.115.48.4
    202.112.11.132 bbs.xanet.edu.cn
    (aliased netmgr.xanet.edu.cn)
    Qinyong BBS, XJTU
    202.121.0.13 bbs.xmu.edu.cn Seawave BBS, XMU
    202.121.132.17 Zhejiang Zucai BBS
    202.116.64.2 bbs.zsu.edu.cn
    (aliased zsusun2.zsu.edu.cn)
    Yet-san Era BBS, ZSU
    202.112.17.34 bbs.gznet.edu.cn
    (aliased pineapple.gznet.edu.cn)
    (password: welcome)
    202.112.20.4 bbs.whnet.edu.cn
    (aliased s1000e.whnet.edu.cn, sun200.whnet.edu.cn)
    202.96.134.135 bbs.szptt.net.cn Shenzhen Datacom Bureau BBS
    202.96.158.226

    You can login with the login id "bbs" for Chinese-GB coding scheme, or "bb5" for Chinese-Big5 coding scheme. No password is required.

    Some WWW sites in Mainland China also created homepages for BBS. Listed below are some examples:
    http://www.fudan.sh.cn/bbs/posts.html (Fudan University),
    http://www.nju.edu.cn/bbs/index.html (Nanjing University),
    http://SUIClub.szu.edu.cn/cgi-bin/bbsframe/bbs/owner (Shenzhen University)

    (I. 10) How can I send E-mail or post to the Usenet anonymously?

    In the Internet, there are some remailers who help people to send E-mail and/or post to the Usenet anonymously. In this way, basically people can enjoy the freedom of speech they like without facing possible prosecution. However, these remailers are basically for those who need protection from possible persecution, not for people who wish to make irrelevant and irresponsible postings without taking any responsibility, like attacking some individual or organization and then hiding oneself behind the anonymous screen. If such net-abuse is repeated again and again, eventually the remailer will be forced to shut down. This is not good for those people who do have a legitimate need for the anonymous shelter.

    Listed below is a partial list of anonymous E-mail remailers:

    remailer@utopia.hacktic.nl
    nowhere@bsu-cs.bsu.edu
    remailer@rebma.mn.org
    remail@vox.xs4all.nl
    remailer@ideath.goldenbear.com
    remailer@nately.ucsd.edu
    

    You can add the line

    Request-Remailing-To: destination@address

    in the header of the message to deliver the mail to the intended recipient "destination@address". You can also put two colons (::) on the very first line of your message, then on the second line put "Request-Remailing-To:" followed by the address you want the message to go to anonymously. After this, skip a line, then start the actual message you want from the fourth line. By repeating the double colon convention (::), you can actually direct your mail through several anonymous remailers, which makes it much more difficult to trace.

    For more information about these anonymous remailers, you can finger "remailer-list@kiwi.cs.berkeley.edu" or try the WWW site "http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~raph/remailer-list.html". The Web site includes detailed descriptions about the miscellaneous anonymous remailers and the services they provide.

    All the above remailers allow you to send E-mail anonymously, but the recipient cannot reply your message. If you want to receive replies anonymously, you can try the remailer "remailer@soda.csua.berkeley.edu". You can finger that address for more information.

    There are some mail-to-news gateways available as follows.

    group.name@news.demon.co.uk
    group.name@cass.ma02.bull.com
    group.name@paris.ics.uci.edu
    group.name.usenet@canaima.Berkeley.EDU
    

    You send an E-mail to the above addresses (replacing the "group.name" by the newsgroup in which you want to post your message), and the gateway will post the message for you. However, please remember that none of these gateways provide anonymous postings. In order to make your posts anonymous, you have to send your messages to the above sites through an anonymous remailer.

    There are some basic warnings about the anonymous mailing and posting issue:

    (1) Do not abuse it:
    Some generous people set up these sites. Do not shut them down for your own interests of abusing the net.
    (2) Proofread your text before sending:
    Double check the text you just edited and see if there is anything which reveals your identity, like your signature, your E-mail address or your name mentioned in the text.
    (3) Test it first:
    Try to send a message to yourself with the anonymous remailer first. When you receive your own message, check its header and body to see if there is anything which reveals your identity, especially in the header part.

    Some remailers might return your submission back to you if you have any incorrect settings, which reveals what you said to anyone who can read your E-mails, like your system administrator. Always test it first before you send/post.

    For post testings, please use the appropriate test newsgroups (like misc.test, alt.test, sci.test, and so on) instead of posting it in SCC, wasting everyone's time.

    (4) Last and the most important: Don't use the anonymous service, if you truly don't want anyone to know who you are:
    Anonymous remailers are just like the locks you put on your brand new bicycle. Locks can be picked. The anonymous protection for your mail and post can be broken, by various means. A lock on your bicycle may only mean more time for a thief to steal it; for an expensive bicycle and given enough time, a determined thief will find a way eventually. Plus, someone may have a master key to your lock and have the authorities open it without your consent. The following are examples of other ways by which anonymity can be broken.

    An E-mail and/or a Usenet posting becomes anonymous only after it reaches the remailer site. Before that, technically any network node which relays your message from your computer to the destination remailer can know who you are and what you said. In addition, some anonymous remailers might log your transactions; this log might be released under the legal process in the country where the remailer is located.

    Thus, if you use the remailers to protect yourself, know that they do not provide a complete assurance of anonymity. Moreover, if you use them for some illegal purpose acknowledged by the international public (such as posting commercial software or other copyright-protected material) you might get caught.

    To sum up, if you indeed fear the authorities, remain silent and do not send E-mail or post messages anonymously.


    written by: Tung-chiang Yang < tcyang@netcom.com > and Zhan Su < raysu@hphkae0.hkg.hp.com >

    with editorial assistance from: Mark Swofford < mswofford@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu >


    List of soc.culture.china FAQ authors and contributors (in alphabetical order)

    Jihong Cole-Dai < jidai@magnus.acs.ohio-sate.edu >
    Bo Peng < bpeng@chelsea.ios.com >
    Ray Zhan Su < raysu@hphkae0.hkg.hp.com >
    Mark Swofford < mswofford@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu >
    Wuchun Wu < wuwu@phys.ksu.edu >
    Tung-Chiang Yang < tcyang@netcom.com >

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