Subject: Using the ordinary to cultivate beneficial indigenous microorganisms

From: "Lawrence F. London, Jr." <[email-masked]>
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2005 20:29:37 -0500

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Using the ordinary to cultivate the mysterious power of beneficial indigenous microorganisms
Like a cut-rate magician, Philippine farmer and scientist Gil Carandang teaches farmers how to use cheap vodka, generic 
brown sugar, milk, rice and local soil to harness local microorganisms as invisible workhorses on their farms.

By Lisa M. Hamilton
	
Gil Carandang: Full-time farmer, Fulbright scholar, and passionate advocate for empowering farmers to harness the 
indigenous life of the soil right on their farms.

Who wouldn’t be suspicious? Right from the get-go this workshop is promising cure-all concoctions that bring new life to 
everything they touch. The potions work in ways that are difficult to explain and impossible to actually see. The man 
conducting the affair is fast-talking and charismatic—he even lives in a far-off land. The whole thing smells like snake 
oil.

Here’s the catch: Gil Carandang, this crafty man from the Philippines, is not trying to sell us anything. In fact, he 
wants us to buy as little as possible—that’s the point of this seminar. The lesson that’s officially on the agenda is 
the same as the event’s formal title: “Cultivating Beneficial Indigenous Microorganisms.” But what’s really being taught 
here, the true objective, is the empowerment of farmers.

By learning how to cultivate microorganisms, growers become able to meet their needs with what exists on the farm and 
can stop buying amendments from chemical companies (purveyors who, some might argue, are the real peddlers in modern 
farming). The technology was born of ingenuity, but it has spread by financial necessity, primarily among farmers in 
developing countries for whom agricultural chemicals are painfully expensive.

“This technology can reduce your costs by 30 to 50%,” Carandang says. “It sounds amazing, but that’s the percent most 
farmers spend on pesticides and fertilizer. On my farm, we have only two medicines: Lacto bacillus and ginger-garlic 
extract. We make both ourselves.”

Learning how to do that is what has drawn a sold-out crowd to this vegetable farm in Bolinas, California, for one of 
Carandang’s rare seminars in North America. (The class covered both cultivating microorganisms and making fermented 
plant extracts. Only the former is discussed here.)

No hifalutin nonsense, just affordable techniques that work
Tools of the trade: Sugar, vodka, milk, garlic, mango, rice … Carandang uses these and other everyday ingredients to 
cultivate microorganisms in solutions that can be diluted and sprayed on compost piles to speed fermentation, or on 
plants to improve nutrient uptake or fight disease. The vodka shown here was used to make fermented plant extracts, 
which were covered in the California workshop, but not in this article.

It’s a simple set-up, with chairs crammed into the barn and facing a makeshift stage in the packing area. At center 
stage stand two folding tables. On them lie the unexpected tools of this fantastic technology: A box of generic brown 
sugar and a bulb of garlic. A quart of milk, a cutting board, and some cooked white rice. A liter of the cheapest vodka 
in California, and a Miller High Life tall boy.
	
RODALE INSTITUTE RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT

Ongoing research at The Rodale Institute® sheds light on one important component of the soil community--mycorrhizal 
fungi--and its impact on agricultural production. Under the leadership of Dr. David Douds, a soil microbiologist with 
the USDA's Agricultural Research Service, field trials have shown yield gains of as much as 50% in the presence of 
healthy mycorrhizae populations. Now Douds is developing a practical, low-cost method for on-farm production of 
mycorrhizal soil inoculant, promising higher yields with lower nutrient inputs.

For the latest on Douds’ research click here
For a mycorrhizae fact sheet, click here.

He sounds like a crackpot, but in fact Carandang has studied farming all over the world, including as a Fulbright 
scholar. (He now farms full-time back in the Philippines.) This odd display of un-magical ingredients is evidence not of 
a sham, but rather of his emphasis on making technology accessible. You see, discussions of beneficial microorganisms 
usually take one of two dangerous paths. People either get New Age-y with it and scare listeners off, or (for fear of 
being called New Age-y), they legitimize the concept using complicated scientific formulas—to much the same effect. 
Carandang takes the middle road.

“In the Philippines, I’m usually teaching people who have never been to school, and they get it fine,” he says. “We 
don’t need no high-falutin’ nonsense around here.”

With today’s distinctly educated, Western crowd, the message doesn’t sink in immediately. Everyone is scribbling madly 
to keep up with Carandang’s patter, careful to not miss a word of the lesson. But as we are figuring out how to spell 
“hifalutin”, he catches us off-guard. “What matters here is that you understand the very essence of this idea. So stop 
taking notes, just listen.”

We lift our heads, and I realize that Carandang has been talking for an hour now and hasn’t touched a thing on the 
table. With an American teacher we would have photocopies of a syllabus and already be on section 2b. Instead, our 
teacher is circling around the subject, peeling off the outer layers of meaning, waxing on about the macrocosmic 
workings of Nature.

We don’t know it now, but this conceptual approach is essential to the practice we came to learn. Understanding the idea 
itself works as a sort of inoculant; without it, the act of Cultivating Beneficial Indigenous Microorganisms is more or 
less useless.

“This is rather than just ‘Oh, let’s spray this, and put on this fertilizer every two weeks,” he says. “Instead, you 
just need to open your eyes and pay attention, slow down the process. The plant will talk back. Not literally, but it 
will always tell us what is wrong, what is deficient. How could you know what it needs if you haven’t paid attention?”

Growing soil, not plants: Building up the soil’s life and biodiversity

Behind Carandang and the makeshift stage is an old forest so dense and tangled you can hardly make out its individual 
members. It turns out it is the perfect backdrop. Promoting health and growth are the objectives of this technology, and 
the forest has both in spades—naturally. It’s because of its biodiversity.

We all know the biodiversity spiel: the more life a place supports, the more variation it has; that variation means 
competition, which regulates populations into healthy numbers. The more a place is allowed to be natural, the more it 
balances itself out.

Natural balance is not the goal of the farmer, his work being the cultivation of select members of the ecosystem. But 
again: single crops, tight geometry, and insects and weeds eliminated, altogether mean a sterile environment that can’t 
keep itself in check. But a farm with variegated fields and wild plants and insects that feed sparrows that feed hawks 
is one that begins to balance itself.

Now, few farmers import hawks to strengthen their farm ecosystems. You just can’t insert something that high up the food 
chain and expect it to survive. Instead, build the system that supports it, and the hawks will come on their own.

“It’s not all about NPK here,” Carandang says. “It’s not all about sun, air, et cetera, it’s all about all. It’s all 
about one, about a whole unit. The more you are able to understand this, the more you’ll be able to practice good farming.”

Rather than grow plants, Carandang advocates growing soil. Not multiplying dirt, but building up the soil’s life and 
diversity—that is the foundation of this system. And the building blocks are microorganisms, whose most essential work 
is to break down nutrients into forms that are accessible to plants and animals. Without them, the planet would be bare 
rock.

“There is a Chinese proverb that goes, ‘Add humility to intelligence, it becomes wisdom. Add passion or fire to wisdom, 
it becomes enlightenment,’” Carandang says. “In soil fertility, it’s the same basis, that’s my opinion. It’s the fire 
that makes the living soil, and the fire is the microorganisms.”

This is the part where most of the world shakes its head. No amount of microorganisms could be as effective as bringing 
in a load of compost or spraying fungicides. They are too small to be powerful, too unfamiliar to be essential.

And yet farmers rely on them all the time. That pink dye on legume seed, for instance, is there to tell you the seed 
will fix nitrogen because it has been doused with the necessary inoculant—itself a beneficial microorganism. Anyone who 
has ever watched a compost heap steam has seen the strength of beneficial microorganisms, and anyone who has ever taken 
acidophilus to recover from antibiotics has felt them at work.

Any farmer who has suffered Phytopthera or Verticillium is familiar with microorganisms, but not the good kind. Luckily, 
as Carandang explains, these pathogens comprise only three to five percent of all microbes. “If it were more,” he says, 
“we’d all be dead.”

Plants and humans are protected from pathogens by diversity—it leads to competition, which prevents any single microbe 
from going out of control. In the forest, this diversity comes naturally as different plants and animals attract and 
support different microorganisms. But if you have, say, just grapes and cover crops planted, you’re not encouraging 
diversity, in fact you’re discouraging it. That is why you introduce microbes.

Making microbes
Dennis Dierks, host: Dennis has been working with Gil’s micro brews for over a year now, and says “I haven’t been this 
excited about farming for 25 years.” His customers tell him his vegetables taste better and last longer.

But first you must have the microbes. And that, hours later, is why we are in the barn, rather cold after sitting here 
for so long, but patiently learning how to Cultivate Beneficial Indigenous Microorganisms.

The act itself, in all its variations, might take 15 minutes to demonstrate. It’s a basic formula: Set out carbohydrates 
to attract microbes from a place—its air, its soil, its plants and animals. Feed the microbes sugar so they’ll multiply 
(or in the case of Lacto bacilli, feed them milk to encourage a specific population). Dilute the potion and apply it to 
whatever needs help.

If sheer diversity is the objective, then the microbes are collected from the wildest place one can find. The owner of 
this farm, Dennis Dierks, has wilderness at his doorstep, and so collected his microbes from the woods behind 
Carandang’s stage. Where there is no forest, the objective is still to find the place with greatest diversity. This 
could be even on the farm itself—a wild area behind the compost pile, or a healthy hedgerow. In fact, the closer to the 
farm, the better, as the most beneficial microbes are those naturally adapted to the ecosystem.

As the microbes are attracted and arrive to eat the carbohydrates, they go from invisible to visible, but just barely. 
Forest microbes are collected using cooked white rice, and success is marked by the appearance, after a few days, of 
mold. Lacto bacilli are heralded by the curdling of milk, other microbes simply by a sour smell to the liquid they’re 
in. Add some sugar, though, and the transformation is mind-blowing.

Last year, I saw Dierks’ brews as they came to life in his potting shed. They weren’t pretty, mostly soupy brown liquids 
in jugs and buckets, but the life inside them was astonishing. He went to give me a smell of one, labeled “Root Brew,” 
only to find the bottle cap had been sealed on by liquid seeping out from inside. He wrenched the plastic bottle between 
his hands, pulled, and bang! The cap popped off and liquid exploded all over the shed.

We stood there for a moment, our bare arms and faces and shirts brown and wet, Dennis holding what had become a sated 
volcano, calm but still dribbling out lava. “If this were chemicals we would be totally poisoned right now,” he said, 
“not to mention out of a lot of money. But that’s the beauty of it. Instead, your skin feels soft. It feels alive. And 
it’s free. I haven’t been this excited about farming for 25 years.”

Later in the season, several of Dierks’ long-time customers commented that his produce tasted better than in years past, 
and was keeping for longer. Meanwhile, Diane Matthews, another local farmer who had learned Carandang’s techniques, was 
using her own microbe brew to fight off the Phytopthera that was decimating her raspberries. “The plants were supposed 
to die,” she said at the workshop. “I didn’t know what would happen, but I figured I’d try the forest microbes. What 
happened was the Phytopthera disappeared. I got a crop at Thanksgiving! The berries were small, but their taste was 
excellent.”

The specific power of Lacto

Carandang explains that one can also home in on specific microbes for targeted results. The most useful is Lacto 
bacillus. This microorganism is the workhorse of the human digestive system (though luckily it is also found elsewhere). 
On the farm it’s used for similar tasks of digestion, something Dierks was relieved to hear last winter after the NOP 
had mandated that all manure be fully broken down before use. He applied his L. bacillus culture to the mound of manure 
beside his field, and the composting was faster than ever. Similarly, when sprayed on plants, L. bacilli will digest the 
biomass on the leaves and stems—dust, for instance, or mud—thus making that free food available to its host.

“Lacto” is the only microbe Carandang will mention by name, but it is only one of millions that can be collected and 
used. His instructions are characteristically simple: walk around the farm, find elements you want to reproduce, and 
collect the microbes that surround them. You could get the microbes from around a particularly robust tomato plant and 
spray that on next year’s crop. (These concoctions last for months, even years.) To make a growth promoter, find a 
beanstalk growing like mad, clip the leaves at the top of vine (where all the growth is happening) and make a brew of 
the resident microbes. Do it with bamboo, or even kelp, which grows inches each day.

“In the Philippines, we use water lettuce,” Carandang says. “We spray it on the cucumbers and boom! You can do that and 
be three or five days ahead of the other local farmers. If you’re a market gardener, that can be a big deal.”

After talking for nearly seven hours straight, Carandang ends the workshop because the daylight is starting to fade. The 
energy in the barn only rises. Despite the chill in the air and the stiff legs it granted us, we are all now bustling 
about, discussing how we plan—already—to put the technology to work.

Alan Mart does organic landscaping and soil management plans. His first thought is to collect the microbes from willow 
roots, which suffer no transplant shock, and apply them to other, more fragile specimens that he’s planting.

Patty Salmon is a goat rancher who has been turning her farm organic for years, but has always hit a wall when it comes 
to feed. With only 8 acres, she can’t possibly grow all the grain and forage for her herd of 100. Carandang explained 
that his brother, a chicken farmer, ferments his feed and applies Lacto bacillus to it. This causes a pre-digestion that 
makes a greater percentage of the nutrients available to the chickens, and results in their eating less. Salmon thinks 
maybe she can extend her reach by doing the same.

Also conferring are Doug Gallagher and Annabelle Lenderink, from Star Route Farms, one of the oldest and most venerated 
organic farms in the country. Gallagher heard about beneficial microorganisms 25 years ago, and the farm is already 
using some store-bought varieties to combat lettuce drop and mildew. They’ve had moderate success, though Gallagher 
admits they continue using them less because of quantifiable effects and more because he believes in the concept. He’s 
hopeful that will change with microbes collected from the farm’s forested acreage, which have evolved to thrive in that 
particular piece of land. And if not, well, at least they’re free.

Of course Carandang is swarmed with students and their questions after the talk. While waiting their turns, a few pick 
up the two clean brown bottles on the larger folding table. They contain Carandang’s own Lacto bacillus culture, made 
back in the Philippines. He brings them along to demonstrate a finished product, but he also has a few for sale. 
Frankly, though, for all his charms, he’s a terrible businessman. One workshop student carries a bottle over to him and 
asks the price.

“It’s ten dollars,” Carandang says, “but you don’t need to buy it. Just make your own. I guarantee it will be better.”

Gil Carandang offers workshops and, for those who cannot attend, detailed booklets on indigenous microorganism 
cultivation and other innovative technologies. Carandang has also written a book on the topic, Indigenous Microorganisms 
- Grow your own: Beneficial indigenous microorganisms and bionutrients in natural farming. To order write to: Gil Carandang
Herbana Farms, Km. 59 burol, Calamba City, Laguna, Philippines, email: [email-masked] or visit: 
www.herbanafarmsphilippines.com

Lisa M. Hamilton is a California journalist and fine-arts photographer with a flair for explaining regenerative 
agriculture themes.

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Using the ordinary to cultivate the mysterious power of beneficial indigenous microorganisms

Like
a cut-rate magician, Philippine farmer and scientist Gil Carandang
teaches farmers how to use cheap vodka, generic brown sugar,
milk, rice and local soil to harness local microorganisms
as invisible workhorses on their farms.

By Lisa M. Hamilton

Gil Carandang:
Full-time farmer, Fulbright scholar, and passionate
advocate for empowering farmers to harness the indigenous
life of the soil right on their farms.

Who wouldn’t
be suspicious? Right from the get-go this workshop
is promising cure-all concoctions that bring new life to everything
they touch. The potions work in ways that are difficult to
explain and impossible to actually see. The man conducting
the affair is fast-talking and charismatic—he even lives
in a far-off land. The whole thing smells like snake oil.

Here’s the catch: Gil Carandang, this crafty man from
the Philippines, is not trying to sell us anything. In fact,
he wants us to buy as little as possible—that’s
the point of this seminar. The lesson that’s officially
on the agenda is the same as the event’s formal title:
“Cultivating Beneficial Indigenous Microorganisms.”
But what’s really being taught here, the true objective,
is the empowerment of farmers.

By learning how to cultivate microorganisms, growers become
able to meet their needs with what exists on the farm and
can stop buying amendments from chemical companies (purveyors
who, some might argue, are the real peddlers in modern farming).
The technology was born of ingenuity, but it has spread by
financial necessity, primarily among farmers in developing
countries for whom agricultural chemicals are painfully expensive.

“This technology can reduce your costs by 30 to 50%,”
Carandang says. “It sounds amazing, but that’s
the percent most farmers spend on pesticides and fertilizer.
On my farm, we have only two medicines: Lacto bacillus and
ginger-garlic extract. We make both ourselves.”

Learning how to do that is what has drawn a sold-out crowd
to this vegetable farm in Bolinas, California, for one of
Carandang’s rare seminars in North America. (The class
covered both cultivating microorganisms and making fermented
plant extracts. Only the former is discussed here.)

No hifalutin nonsense, just affordable
techniques that work

Tools of the trade: Sugar, vodka, milk,
garlic, mango, rice … Carandang uses these and other
everyday ingredients to cultivate microorganisms in solutions
that can be diluted and sprayed on compost piles to speed
fermentation, or on plants to improve nutrient uptake
or fight disease. The vodka shown here was used to make
fermented plant extracts, which were covered in the California
workshop, but not in this article.

It’s a simple set-up, with chairs crammed into the
barn and facing a makeshift stage in the packing area. At
center stage stand two folding tables. On them lie the unexpected
tools of this fantastic technology: A box of generic brown
sugar and a bulb of garlic. A quart of milk, a cutting board,
and some cooked white rice. A liter of the cheapest vodka
in California, and a Miller High Life tall boy.

RODALE
INSTITUTE RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT

Ongoing research at The Rodale Institute®
sheds light on one important component of the
soil community--mycorrhizal fungi--and its impact
on agricultural production. Under the leadership
of Dr. David Douds, a soil microbiologist with
the USDA's Agricultural Research Service, field
trials have shown yield gains of as much as 50%
in the presence of healthy mycorrhizae populations.
Now Douds is developing a practical, low-cost
method for on-farm production of mycorrhizal soil
inoculant, promising higher yields with lower
nutrient inputs.

For the latest on Douds’ research click
here

For a mycorrhizae fact sheet, click
here.

He sounds like a crackpot, but in fact Carandang has studied
farming all over the world, including as a Fulbright scholar.
(He now farms full-time back in the Philippines.) This odd
display of un-magical ingredients is evidence not of a sham,
but rather of his emphasis on making technology accessible.
You see, discussions of beneficial microorganisms usually
take one of two dangerous paths. People either get New Age-y
with it and scare listeners off, or (for fear of being called
New Age-y), they legitimize the concept using complicated
scientific formulas—to much the same effect. Carandang
takes the middle road.

“In the Philippines, I’m usually teaching people
who have never been to school, and they get it fine,”
he says. “We don’t need no high-falutin’
nonsense around here.”

With today’s distinctly educated, Western crowd, the
message doesn’t sink in immediately. Everyone is scribbling
madly to keep up with Carandang’s patter, careful to
not miss a word of the lesson. But as we are figuring out
how to spell “hifalutin”, he catches us off-guard.
“What matters here is that you understand the very essence
of this idea. So stop taking notes, just listen.”

We lift our heads, and I realize that Carandang has been
talking for an hour now and hasn’t touched a thing on
the table. With an American teacher we would have photocopies
of a syllabus and already be on section 2b. Instead, our teacher
is circling around the subject, peeling off the outer layers
of meaning, waxing on about the macrocosmic workings of Nature.

We don’t know it now, but this conceptual approach
is essential to the practice we came to learn. Understanding
the idea itself works as a sort of inoculant; without it,
the act of Cultivating Beneficial Indigenous Microorganisms
is more or less useless.

“This is rather than just ‘Oh, let’s spray
this, and put on this fertilizer every two weeks,” he
says. “Instead, you just need to open your eyes and
pay attention, slow down the process. The plant will talk
back. Not literally, but it will always tell us what is wrong,
what is deficient. How could you know what it needs if you
haven’t paid attention?”

Growing soil, not plants: Building up the
soil’s life and biodiversity

Behind Carandang and the makeshift stage is an old forest
so dense and tangled you can hardly make out its individual
members. It turns out it is the perfect backdrop. Promoting
health and growth are the objectives of this technology, and
the forest has both in spades—naturally. It’s
because of its biodiversity.

We all know the biodiversity spiel: the more life a place
supports, the more variation it has; that variation means
competition, which regulates populations into healthy numbers.
The more a place is allowed to be natural, the more it balances
itself out.

Natural balance is not the goal of the farmer, his work being
the cultivation of select members of the ecosystem. But again:
single crops, tight geometry, and insects and weeds eliminated,
altogether mean a sterile environment that can’t keep
itself in check. But a farm with variegated fields and wild
plants and insects that feed sparrows that feed hawks is one
that begins to balance itself.

Now, few farmers import hawks to strengthen their farm ecosystems.
You just can’t insert something that high up the food
chain and expect it to survive. Instead, build the system
that supports it, and the hawks will come on their own.

“It’s not all about NPK here,” Carandang
says. “It’s not all about sun, air, et cetera,
it’s all about all. It’s all about one, about
a whole unit. The more you are able to understand this, the
more you’ll be able to practice good farming.”

Rather than grow plants, Carandang advocates growing soil.
Not multiplying dirt, but building up the soil’s life
and diversity—that is the foundation of this system.
And the building blocks are microorganisms, whose most essential
work is to break down nutrients into forms that are accessible
to plants and animals. Without them, the planet would be bare
rock.

“There is a Chinese proverb that goes, ‘Add humility
to intelligence, it becomes wisdom. Add passion or fire to
wisdom, it becomes enlightenment,’” Carandang
says. “In soil fertility, it’s the same basis,
that’s my opinion. It’s the fire that makes the
living soil, and the fire is the microorganisms.”

This is the part where most of the world shakes its head.
No amount of microorganisms could be as effective as bringing
in a load of compost or spraying fungicides. They are too
small to be powerful, too unfamiliar to be essential.

And yet farmers rely on them all the time. That pink dye
on legume seed, for instance, is there to tell you the seed
will fix nitrogen because it has been doused with the necessary
inoculant—itself a beneficial microorganism. Anyone
who has ever watched a compost heap steam has seen the strength
of beneficial microorganisms, and anyone who has ever taken
acidophilus to recover from antibiotics has felt them at work.

Any farmer who has suffered Phytopthera or Verticillium
is familiar with microorganisms, but not the good kind. Luckily,
as Carandang explains, these pathogens comprise only three
to five percent of all microbes. “If it were more,”
he says, “we’d all be dead.”

Plants and humans are protected from pathogens by diversity—it
leads to competition, which prevents any single microbe from
going out of control. In the forest, this diversity comes
naturally as different plants and animals attract and support
different microorganisms. But if you have, say, just grapes
and cover crops planted, you’re not encouraging diversity,
in fact you’re discouraging it. That is why you introduce
microbes.

Making microbes

Dennis Dierks, host: Dennis has been
working with Gil’s micro brews for over a year now,
and says “I haven’t been this excited about
farming for 25 years.” His customers tell him his
vegetables taste better and last longer.

But first you must have the microbes. And that, hours later,
is why we are in the barn, rather cold after sitting here
for so long, but patiently learning how to Cultivate Beneficial
Indigenous Microorganisms.

The act itself, in all its variations, might take 15 minutes
to demonstrate. It’s a basic formula: Set out carbohydrates
to attract microbes from a place—its air, its soil,
its plants and animals. Feed the microbes sugar so they’ll
multiply (or in the case of Lacto bacilli, feed them
milk to encourage a specific population). Dilute the potion
and apply it to whatever needs help.

If sheer diversity is the objective, then the microbes are
collected from the wildest place one can find. The owner of
this farm, Dennis Dierks, has wilderness at his doorstep,
and so collected his microbes from the woods behind Carandang’s
stage. Where there is no forest, the objective is still to
find the place with greatest diversity. This could be even
on the farm itself—a wild area behind the compost pile,
or a healthy hedgerow. In fact, the closer to the farm, the
better, as the most beneficial microbes are those naturally
adapted to the ecosystem.

As the microbes are attracted and arrive to eat the carbohydrates,
they go from invisible to visible, but just barely. Forest
microbes are collected using cooked white rice, and success
is marked by the appearance, after a few days, of mold. Lacto
bacilli are heralded by the curdling of milk, other microbes
simply by a sour smell to the liquid they’re in. Add
some sugar, though, and the transformation is mind-blowing.

Last year, I saw Dierks’ brews as they came to life
in his potting shed. They weren’t pretty, mostly soupy
brown liquids in jugs and buckets, but the life inside them
was astonishing. He went to give me a smell of one, labeled
“Root Brew,” only to find the bottle cap had been
sealed on by liquid seeping out from inside. He wrenched the
plastic bottle between his hands, pulled, and bang! The cap
popped off and liquid exploded all over the shed.

We stood there for a moment, our bare arms and faces and
shirts brown and wet, Dennis holding what had become a sated
volcano, calm but still dribbling out lava. “If this
were chemicals we would be totally poisoned right now,”
he said, “not to mention out of a lot of money. But
that’s the beauty of it. Instead, your skin feels soft.
It feels alive. And it’s free. I haven’t been
this excited about farming for 25 years.”

Later in the season, several of Dierks’ long-time customers
commented that his produce tasted better than in years past,
and was keeping for longer. Meanwhile, Diane Matthews, another
local farmer who had learned Carandang’s techniques,
was using her own microbe brew to fight off the Phytopthera
that was decimating her raspberries. “The plants were
supposed to die,” she said at the workshop. “I
didn’t know what would happen, but I figured I’d
try the forest microbes. What happened was the Phytopthera
disappeared. I got a crop at Thanksgiving! The berries were
small, but their taste was excellent.”

The specific power of Lacto

Carandang explains that one can also home in on specific
microbes for targeted results. The most useful is Lacto
bacillus. This microorganism is the workhorse of the
human digestive system (though luckily it is also found elsewhere).
On the farm it’s used for similar tasks of digestion,
something Dierks was relieved to hear last winter after the
NOP had mandated that all manure be fully broken down before
use. He applied his L. bacillus culture to the mound
of manure beside his field, and the composting was faster
than ever. Similarly, when sprayed on plants, L. bacilli
will digest the biomass on the leaves and stems—dust,
for instance, or mud—thus making that free food available
to its host.

“Lacto” is the only microbe Carandang will mention
by name, but it is only one of millions that can be collected
and used. His instructions are characteristically simple:
walk around the farm, find elements you want to reproduce,
and collect the microbes that surround them. You could get
the microbes from around a particularly robust tomato plant
and spray that on next year’s crop. (These concoctions
last for months, even years.) To make a growth promoter, find
a beanstalk growing like mad, clip the leaves at the top of
vine (where all the growth is happening) and make a brew of
the resident microbes. Do it with bamboo, or even kelp, which
grows inches each day.

“In the Philippines, we use water lettuce,” Carandang
says. “We spray it on the cucumbers and boom! You can
do that and be three or five days ahead of the other local
farmers. If you’re a market gardener, that can be a
big deal.”

After talking for nearly seven hours straight, Carandang
ends the workshop because the daylight is starting to fade.
The energy in the barn only rises. Despite the chill in the
air and the stiff legs it granted us, we are all now bustling
about, discussing how we plan—already—to put the
technology to work.

Alan Mart does organic landscaping and soil management plans.
His first thought is to collect the microbes from willow roots,
which suffer no transplant shock, and apply them to other,
more fragile specimens that he’s planting.

Patty Salmon is a goat rancher who has been turning her farm
organic for years, but has always hit a wall when it comes
to feed. With only 8 acres, she can’t possibly grow
all the grain and forage for her herd of 100. Carandang explained
that his brother, a chicken farmer, ferments his feed and
applies Lacto bacillus to it. This causes a pre-digestion
that makes a greater percentage of the nutrients available
to the chickens, and results in their eating less. Salmon
thinks maybe she can extend her reach by doing the same.

Also conferring are Doug Gallagher and Annabelle Lenderink,
from Star Route Farms, one of the oldest and most venerated
organic farms in the country. Gallagher heard about beneficial
microorganisms 25 years ago, and the farm is already using
some store-bought varieties to combat lettuce drop and mildew.
They’ve had moderate success, though Gallagher admits
they continue using them less because of quantifiable effects
and more because he believes in the concept. He’s hopeful
that will change with microbes collected from the farm’s
forested acreage, which have evolved to thrive in that particular
piece of land. And if not, well, at least they’re free.

Of course Carandang is swarmed with students and their questions
after the talk. While waiting their turns, a few pick up the
two clean brown bottles on the larger folding table. They
contain Carandang’s own Lacto bacillus culture,
made back in the Philippines. He brings them along to demonstrate
a finished product, but he also has a few for sale. Frankly,
though, for all his charms, he’s a terrible businessman.
One workshop student carries a bottle over to him and asks
the price.

“It’s ten dollars,” Carandang says, “but
you don’t need to buy it. Just make your own. I guarantee
it will be better.”

Gil Carandang offers workshops and, for those who cannot
attend, detailed booklets on indigenous microorganism cultivation
and other innovative technologies. Carandang has also written
a book on the topic, Indigenous Microorganisms - Grow your
own: Beneficial indigenous microorganisms and bionutrients
in natural farming. To order write to: Gil Carandang

Herbana Farms, Km. 59 burol, Calamba City, Laguna, Philippines,
email: [email-masked]
or visit: www.herbanafarmsphilippines.com

Lisa M. Hamilton is a
California journalist and fine-arts photographer with a flair
for explaining regenerative agriculture themes.

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