curl  -  get  a  URL with FTP, TELNET, LDAP, GOPHER, DICT,
       FILE, HTTP or HTTPS syntax.


SYNOPSIS

       curl [options] [URL...]


DESCRIPTION

       curl is a client to get documents/files from or send docu­
       ments  to  a  server, using any of the supported protocols
       (HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, GOPHER, DICT, TELNET,  LDAP  or  FILE).
       The  command  is designed to work without user interaction
       or any kind of interactivity.

       curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support,
       user  authentication,  ftp upload, HTTP post, SSL (https:)
       connections, cookies, file transfer resume and more.


URL

       The URL  syntax  is  protocol  dependent.  You'll  find  a
       detailed description in RFC 2396.

       You  can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing
       part sets within braces as in:

        http://site.{one,two,three}.com

       or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series  by  using
       [] as in:

        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[1-100].txt
        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[001-100].txt    (with lead­
       ing zeros)
        ftp://ftp.letters.com/file[a-z].txt

       It is possible to specify up to 9 sets  or  series  for  a
       URL, but no nesting is supported at the moment:

        http://www.any.org/archive[1996-1999]/vol­
       ume[1-4]part{a,b,c,index}.html

       You can specify any amount of URLs on  the  command  line.
       They  will be fetched in a sequential manner in the speci­
       fied order.

       Curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple  file
       transfers, so that getting many files from the same server
       will not do multiple connects / handshakes. This  improves
       speed. Of course this is only done on files specified on a
       single command line and cannot be  used  between  separate
       curl invokes.


OPTIONS


              (FTP)  When  used  in  a ftp upload, this will tell
              curl to append to the target file instead of  over­
              writing  it.  If the file doesn't exist, it will be
              created.

              If this option is used twice, the second  one  will
              disable append mode again.

       -A/--user-agent <agent string>
              (HTTP) Specify the User-Agent string to send to the
              HTTP server. Some badly done CGIs fail if  its  not
              set  to  "Mozilla/4.0".   To  encode  blanks in the
              string,  surround  the  string  with  single  quote
              marks.   This  can also be set with the -H/--header
              flag of course.

              If this option is set more than once, the last  one
              will be the one that's used.

       -b/--cookie <name=data>
              (HTTP)  Pass  the  data  to  the  HTTP  server as a
              cookie.  It  is  supposedly  the  data   previously
              received  from  the server in a "Set-Cookie:" line.
              The data should be  in  the  format  "NAME1=VALUE1;
              NAME2=VALUE2".

              If no '=' letter is used in the line, it is treated
              as a filename to  use  to  read  previously  stored
              cookie  lines  from,  which  should be used in this
              session if they match. Using this method also acti­
              vates  the  "cookie  parser"  which  will make curl
              record incoming cookies too, which may be handy  if
              you're   using   this   in   combination  with  the
              -L/--location option. The file format of  the  file
              to  read  cookies from should be plain HTTP headers
              or the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format.

              NOTE that the file specified  with  -b/--cookie  is
              only  used  as  input. No cookies will be stored in
              the file. To store cookies, save the  HTTP  headers
              to a file using -D/--dump-header!

              If  this option is set more than once, the last one
              will be the one that's used.

       -B/--use-ascii
              Use ASCII transfer when getting an FTP file or LDAP
              info.  For  FTP, this can also be enforced by using
              an URL that ends with ";type=A". This option causes
              data  sent  to  stdout to be in text mode for win32
              systems.

              If this option is used twice, the second  one  will


       --connect-timeout <seconds>
              Maximum  time in seconds that you allow the connec­
              tion to the server to take.  This only  limits  the
              connection  phase,  once  curl  has  connected this
              option is of no more use. This option  didn't  work
              in  win32 systems until 7.7.2.  See also the --max-
              time option.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -c/--continue
              Deprecated.  Use '-C -' instead.  Continue/Resume a
              previous file transfer. This instructs curl to con­
              tinue  appending data on the file where it was pre­
              viously left, possibly because of a broken  connec­
              tion  to the server. There must be a named physical
              file to append to for this to work.   Note:  Upload
              resume  is  depening  on  a  command named SIZE not
              always present in all ftp servers! Upload resume is
              for  FTP  only.   HTTP resume is only possible with
              HTTP/1.1 or later servers.

       -C/--continue-at <offset>
              Continue/Resume a previous  file  transfer  at  the
              given  offset. The given offset is the exact number
              of bytes that will  be  skipped  counted  from  the
              beginning  of  the  source file before it is trans­
              fered to the destination.  If  used  with  uploads,
              the  ftp  server  command  SIZE will not be used by
              curl. Upload resume is for FTP only.   HTTP  resume
              is only possible with HTTP/1.1 or later servers.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -d/--data <data>
              (HTTP) Sends the specified data in a  POST  request
              to the HTTP server, in a way that can emulate as if
              a user has filled in a HTML form  and  pressed  the
              submit  button.  Note that the data is sent exactly
              as specified with no  extra  processing  (with  all
              newlines  cut  off).   The  data  is expected to be
              "url-encoded". This will cause  curl  to  pass  the
              data  to the server using the content-type applica­
              tion/x-www-form-urlencoded. Compare to -F. If  more
              than  one -d/--data option is used on the same com­
              mand line, the data pieces specified will be merged
              together  with  a  separating &-letter. Thus, using
              '-d name=daniel -d skill=lousy'  would  generate  a
              post        chunk       that       looks       like
              'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.

              should  be  a file name to read the data from, or -
              if you want curl to read the data from stdin.   The
              contents  of  the file must already be url-encoded.
              Multiple files can also be specified.

              To post data purely binary, you should instead  use
              the --data-binary option.

              -d/--data is the same as --data-ascii.

              If this option is used several times, the ones fol­
              lowing the first will append data.

       --data-ascii <data>
              (HTTP) This is an alias for the -d/--data option.

              If this option is used several times, the ones fol­
              lowing the first will append data.

       --data-binary <data>
              (HTTP)  This  posts  data  in  a  similar manner as
              --data-ascii does, although when using this  option
              the  entire  context of the posted data is kept as-
              is. If you want to post a binary file  without  the
              strip-newlines  feature of the --data-ascii option,
              this is for you.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

              If this option is used several times, the ones fol­
              lowing the first will append data.

       -D/--dump-header <file>
              (HTTP/FTP) Write the HTTP  headers  to  this  file.
              Write  the  FTP file info to this file if -I/--head
              is used.

              This option is handy to use when you want to  store
              the  cookies  that  a  HTTP  site sends to you. The
              cookies could then be read in a second curl  invoke
              by using the -b/--cookie option!

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -e/--referer <URL>
              (HTTP) Sends the "Referer Page" information to  the
              HTTP   server.  This  can  also  be  set  with  the
              -H/--header  flag  of  course.   When   used   with
              -L/--location you can append ";auto" to the referer
              URL to make curl automatically set the previous URL
              when  it  follows  a  Location: header. The ";auto"

              initial referer.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       --egd-file <file>
              (HTTPS) Specify the path name to the Entropy  Gath­
              ering Daemon socket. The socket is used to seed the
              random engine for SSL  connections.  See  also  the
              --random-file option.

       -E/--cert <certificate[:password]>
              (HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate
              file when getting a file with HTTPS.  The  certifi­
              cate  must be in PEM format.  If the optional pass­
              word isn't specified, it will be queried for on the
              terminal. Note that this certificate is the private
              key and the private certificate concatenated!

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       --cacert <CA certificate>
              (HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate
              file to verify the peer. The certificate must be in
              PEM format.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -f/--fail
              (HTTP) Fail silently (no output at all)  on  server
              errors.  This  is  mostly  done like this to better
              enable scripts  etc  to  better  deal  with  failed
              attempts.  In normal cases when a HTTP server fails
              to deliver a document, it returns a  HTML  document
              stating  so  (which  often  also  describes why and
              more). This flag will prevent curl from  outputting
              that and fail silently instead.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable silent failure.

       -F/--form <name=content>
              (HTTP) This lets curl emulate a filled in  form  in
              which  a  user  has pressed the submit button. This
              causes curl to POST  data  using  the  content-type
              multipart/form-data   according  to  RFC1867.  This
              enables uploading of binary files etc. To force the
              'content'  part  to  be  be a file, prefix the file
              name with an @ sign. To just get the  content  part
              from  a  file, prefix the file name with the letter
              <. The difference between @ and < is  then  that  @

              upload, while the < makes a text field and just get
              the contents for that text field from a file.

              Example,  to send your password file to the server,
              where 'password' is the name of the  form-field  to
              which /etc/passwd will be the input:

              curl -F password=@/etc/passwd www.mypasswords.com

              To  read  the file's content from stdin insted of a
              file, use - where the  file  name  should've  been.
              This goes for both @ and < constructs.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       -g/--globoff
              This option switches off the "URL globbing parser".
              When you set this option, you can specify URLs that
              contain  the letters {}[] without having them being
              interpreted by curl itself. Note that these letters
              are  not  normal legal URL contents but they should
              be encoded according to the URI  standard.  (Option
              added in curl 7.6)

       -h/--help
              Usage help.

       -H/--header <header>
              (HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page.
              You may specify any number of extra  headers.  Note
              that if you should add a custom header that has the
              same name as one of the internal  ones  curl  would
              use,  your  externally  set  header  will  be  used
              instead of the internal one.  This  allows  you  to
              make  even  trickier stuff than curl would normally
              do. You should not replace internally  set  headers
              without  knowing  perfectly well what you're doing.
              Replacing an internal header with one without  con­
              tent  on  the  right side of the colon will prevent
              that header from appearing.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       -i/--include
              (HTTP) Include the HTTP-header in the  output.  The
              HTTP-header  includes things like server-name, date
              of the document, HTTP-version and more...

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable header include.

       --interface <name>
              Perform  an  operation using a specified interface.

              name. An example could look like:

              curl --interface eth0:1 http://www.netscape.com/

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -I/--head
              (HTTP/FTP) Fetch the HTTP-header only! HTTP-servers
              feature  the  command  HEAD  which this uses to get
              nothing but the header of a document. When used  on
              a FTP file, curl displays the file size only.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable header only.

       --krb4 <level>
              (FTP) Enable kerberos4 authentication and use.  The
              level must be entered and should be one of 'clear',
              'safe', 'confidential' or 'private'. Should you use
              a  level  that  is not one of these, 'private' will
              instead be used.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -K/--config <config file>
              Specify  which  config  file to read curl arguments
              from. The config file is a text file in which  com­
              mand  line arguments can be written which then will
              be used as if they were written on the actual  com­
              mand  line.  Options  and  their parameters must be
              specified on the same  config  file  line.  If  the
              parameter is to contain white spaces, the parameter
              must be inclosed within quotes.  If the first  col­
              umn  of  a config line is a '#' character, the rest
              of the line will be treated as a comment.

              Specify the filename as '-' to make curl  read  the
              file from stdin.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       -l/--list-only
              (FTP)  When  listing  an FTP directory, this switch
              forces a name-only view.  Especially useful if  you
              want to machine-parse the contents of an FTP direc­
              tory since the normal directory view doesn't use  a
              standard look or format.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable list only.

              (HTTP/HTTPS)  If  the  server  reports   that   the
              requested  page has a different location (indicated
              with the header line Location:) this flag will  let
              curl attempt to reattempt the get on the new place.
              If used together with -i or -I,  headers  from  all
              requested pages will be shown. If this flag is used
              when making a HTTP POST,  curl  will  automatically
              switch to GET after the initial POST has been done.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable location following.

       -m/--max-time <seconds>
              Maximum  time  in  seconds that you allow the whole
              operation to take.  This is useful  for  preventing
              your  batch jobs from hanging for hours due to slow
              networks or links going down.   This  doesn't  work
              fully  in  win32  systems.  See also the --connect-
              timeout option.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -M/--manual
              Manual. Display the huge help text.

       -n/--netrc
              Makes  curl scan the .netrc file in the user's home
              directory for login name and password. This is typ­
              ically  used  for  ftp  on unix. If used with http,
              curl will enable user authentication. See  netrc(4)
              for  details on the file format. Curl will not com­
              plain if that file hasn't the right permissions (it
              should  not be world nor group readable). The envi­
              ronment variable "HOME" is used to  find  the  home
              directory.

              A  quick  and very simple example of how to setup a
              .netrc  to  allow  curl  to  ftp  to  the   machine
              host.domain.com  with  user name 'myself' and pass­
              word 'secret' should look similar to:

              machine  host.domain.com  login   myself   password
              secret

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable netrc usage.

       -N/--no-buffer
              Disables the buffering of  the  output  stream.  In
              normal  work  situations,  curl will use a standard
              buffered output stream that will  have  the  effect
              that  it  will  output  the  data  in  chunks,  not

              this option will disable that buffering.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              switch on buffering.

       -o/--output <file>
              Write output to <file> instead of  stdout.  If  you
              are using {} or [] to fetch multiple documents, you
              can use '#' followed by  a  number  in  the  <file>
              specifier.  That variable will be replaced with the
              current string for the URL being fetched. Like in:

                curl http://{one,two}.site.com -o "file_#1.txt"

              or use several variables like:

                curl http://{site,host}.host[1-5].com -o "#1_#2"

              You may use this option as many times as  you  have
              number of URLs.

       -O/--remote-name
              Write  output to a local file named like the remote
              file we get. (Only the file part of the remote file
              is used, the path is cut off.)

              You  may  use this option as many times as you have
              number of URLs.

       -p/--proxytunnel
              When an HTTP proxy is used, this option will  cause
              non-HTTP protocols to attempt to tunnel through the
              proxy instead of merely using it  to  do  HTTP-like
              operations.  The  tunnel  approach is made with the
              HTTP proxy CONNECT request and  requires  that  the
              proxy allows direct connect to the remote port num­
              ber curl wants to tunnel through to.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable proxy tunnel.

       -P/--ftpport <address>
              (FTP)  Reverses  the  initiator/listener roles when
              connecting with ftp. This switch makes Curl use the
              PORT  command  instead  of  PASV. In practice, PORT
              tells the server to connect to the client's  speci­
              fied  address  and port, while PASV asks the server
              for an ip address and port to connect to. <address>
              should be one of:

              interface   i.e "eth0" to specify which interface's
                          IP address you want to use  (Unix only)

                          number

              host name   i.e "my.host.domain" to specify machine

              -           (any  single-letter  string) to make it
                          pick the machine's default

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be
       used.

       -q     If used as the first parameter on the command line,
              the $HOME/.curlrc file will not be read and used as
              a config file.

       -Q/--quote <comand>
              (FTP)  Send  an arbitrary command to the remote FTP
              server, by using the QUOTE command of  the  server.
              Not  all  servers support this command, and the set
              of QUOTE commands are server specific!  Quote  com­
              mands are sent BEFORE the transfer is taking place.
              To make commands  take  place  after  a  successful
              transfer,  prefix  them  with  a  dash '-'. You may
              specify any amount of commands to be run before and
              after  the  transfer. If the server returns failure
              for one of the commands, the entire operation  will
              be aborted.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       --random-file <file>
              (HTTPS)  Specify  the  path name to file containing
              what will be considered as random data. The data is
              used to seed the random engine for SSL connections.
              See also the --edg-file option.

       -r/--range <range>
              (HTTP/FTP) Retrieve a byte  range  (i.e  a  partial
              document) from a HTTP/1.1 or FTP server. Ranges can
              be specified in a number of ways.

              0-499     specifies the first 500 bytes

              500-999   specifies the second 500 bytes

              -500      specifies the last 500 bytes

              9500      specifies the bytes from offset 9500  and
                        forward

              0-0,-1    specifies   the   first   and  last  byte
                        only(*)(H)

                        specifies 300 bytes from offset 500(H)

              100-199,500-599
                        specifies   two   separate   100    bytes
                        ranges(*)(H)

       (*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply with a
       multipart response!

       You should also be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not
       have this feature enabled, so that when you attempt to get
       a range, you'll instead get the whole document.

       FTP range downloads only support the simple syntax 'start-
       stop'  (optionally  with  one  of the numbers omitted). It
       depends on the non-RFC command SIZE.

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be
       used.

       -s/--silent
              Silent  mode.  Don't  show  progress meter or error
              messages.  Makes Curl mute.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable mute.

       -S/--show-error
              When  used with -s it makes curl show error message
              if it fails.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable show error.

       -t/--telnet-option <OPT=val>
              Pass  options  to  the  telnet  protocol. Supported
              options are:

              TTYPE=<term> Sets the terminal type.

              XDISPLOC=<X display> Sets the X display location.

              NEW_ENV=<var,val> Sets an environment variable.

       -T/--upload-file <file>
              Like -t, but this  transfers  the  specified  local
              file.  If  there  is  no file part in the specified
              URL, Curl will append the  local  file  name.  NOTE
              that  you  must use a trailing / on the last direc­
              tory to really prove to Curl that there is no  file
              name  or  curl  will think that your last directory
              name is the remote file name to use. That will most
              likely  cause the upload operation to fail. If this

              be used.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -u/--user <user:password>
              Specify user and password to use when fetching. See
              README.curl  for  detailed  examples  of how to use
              this. If no password is specified,  curl  will  ask
              for it interactively.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -U/--proxy-user <user:password>
              Specify user and password to use for Proxy  authen­
              tication.  If  no  password is specified, curl will
              ask for it interactively.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       --url <URL>
              Specify a URL to fetch. This option is mostly handy
              when you wanna specify URL(s) in a config file.

              This option may be used any  number  of  times.  To
              control  where  this  URL is written, use the -o or
              the -O options.

       -v/--verbose
              Makes the fetching more  verbose/talkative.  Mostly
              usable for debugging. Lines starting with '>' means
              data sent by curl, '<' means data received by  curl
              that  is  hidden in normal cases and lines starting
              with '*' means additional info provided by curl.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable verbose.

       -V/--version
              Displays  the  full  version  of  curl, libcurl and
              other 3rd party  libraries  linked  with  the  exe­
              cutable.

       -w/--write-out <format>
              Defines  what to display after a completed and suc­
              cessful operation. The format is a string that  may
              contain  plain  text mixed with any number of vari­
              ables. The string can be specified as "string",  to
              get  read  from  a  particular  file you specify it
              "@filename" and to tell curl  to  read  the  format
              from stdin you write "@-".

              substituted by the value or text that  curl  thinks
              fit,  as  described below. All variables are speci­
              fied like %{variable_name} and to output a normal %
              you  just write them like %%. You can output a new­
              line by using \n, a carrige return with  \r  and  a
              tab space with \t.

              NOTE:  The  %-letter  is  a  special  letter in the
              win32-environment, where all occurrences of %  must
              be doubled when using this option.

              Available variables are at this point:

              url_effective  The  URL that was fetched last. This
                             is mostly meaningful if you've  told
                             curl to follow location: headers.

              http_code      The numerical code that was found in
                             the last retrieved HTTP(S) page.

              time_total     The total time, in seconds, that the
                             full operation lasted. The time will
                             be displayed with millisecond  reso­
                             lution.

              time_namelookup
                             The  time,  in seconds, it took from
                             the start until the  name  resolving
                             was completed.

              time_connect   The  time,  in seconds, it took from
                             the start until the connect  to  the
                             remote  host  (or  proxy)  was  com­
                             pleted.

              time_pretransfer
                             The time, in seconds, it  took  from
                             the start until the file transfer is
                             just about to begin.  This  includes
                             all  pre-transfer commands and nego­
                             tiations that are  specific  to  the
                             particular protocol(s) involved.

              size_download  The  total amount of bytes that were
                             downloaded.

              size_upload    The total amount of bytes that  were
                             uploaded.

              size_header    The  total  amount  of  bytes of the
                             downloaded headers.

              size_request   The total amount of bytes that  were


              speed_download The average download speed that curl
                             measured for the complete  download.

              speed_upload   The  average  upload speed that curl
                             measured for the complete upload.

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be
       used.

       -x/--proxy <proxyhost[:port]>
              Use  specified  proxy.  If  the  port number is not
              specified, it is assumed at port 1080.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -X/--request <command>
              (HTTP)  Specifies a custom request to use when com­
              municating with the  HTTP  server.   The  specified
              request  will  be used instead of the standard GET.
              Read the HTTP 1.1  specification  for  details  and
              explanations.

              (FTP) Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead
              of LIST when doing file lists with ftp.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -y/--speed-time <time>
              If  a download is slower than speed-limit bytes per
              second during a  speed-time  period,  the  download
              gets  aborted.  If  speed-time is used, the default
              speed-limit will be 1 unless set with -y.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -Y/--speed-limit <speed>
              If  a  download is slower than this given speed, in
              bytes per second, for speed-time  seconds  it  gets
              aborted. speed-time is set with -Y and is 30 if not
              set.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.

       -z/--time-cond <date expression>
              (HTTP) Request to get a file that has been modified
              later than the given time and date, or one that has
              been modified before that time. The date expression
              can be all sorts of date strings or if  it  doesn't

              from a given file name instead! See the GNU date(1)
              or  curl_getdate(3)  man  pages for date expression
              details.

              Start the date expression with a dash (-)  to  make
              it  request  for  a document that is older than the
              given date/time, default  is  a  document  that  is
              newer than the specified date/time.

              If  this option is used several times, the last one
              will be used.

       -3/--sslv3
              (HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when nego­
              tiating with a remote SSL server.

       -2/--sslv2
              (HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 2 when nego­
              tiating with a remote SSL server.

       -#/--progress-bar
              Make  curl  display  progress  information   as   a
              progress bar instead of the default statistics.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable the progress bar.

       --crlf (FTP) Convert LF to CRLF in upload. Useful for  MVS
              (OS/390).

              If this option is used twice, the second will again
              disable crlf converting.

       --stderr <file>
              Redirect all writes to stderr to the specified file
              instead.  If  the  file  name is a plain '-', it is
              instead written to stdout. This option has no point
              when  you're  using a shell with decent redirecting
              capabilities.

              If this option is used several times, the last  one
              will be used.


FILES

       ~/.curlrc
              Default config file.


ENVIRONMENT

       HTTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for HTTP.

              Sets proxy server to use for HTTPS.

       FTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for FTP.

       GOPHER_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for GOPHER.

       ALL_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets  proxy  server  to use if no protocol-specific
              proxy is set.

       NO_PROXY <comma-separated list of hosts>
              list of host names that shouldn't  go  through  any
              proxy.  If  set  to a asterisk '*' only, it matches
              all hosts.

       COLUMNS <integer>
              The width of  the  terminal.   This  variable  only
              affects  curl  when  the  --progress-bar  option is
              used.


EXIT CODES

       There exists a bunch of different error  codes  and  their
       corresponding  error  messages  that may appear during bad
       conditions. At the time of this writing,  the  exit  codes
       are:

       1      Unsupported  protocol.  This  build  of curl has no
              support for this protocol.

       2      Failed to initialize.

       3      URL malformat. The syntax was not correct.

       4      URL user malformatted. The  user-part  of  the  URL
              syntax was not correct.

       5      Couldn't  resolve proxy. The given proxy host could
              not be resolved.

       6      Couldn't resolve host. The given  remote  host  was
              not resolved.

       7      Failed to connect to host.

       8      FTP  weird  server reply. The server sent data curl
              couldn't parse.

       9      FTP access denied. The server denied login.

       10     FTP user/password incorrect.  Either  one  or  both
              were not accepted by the server.

              sent to the PASS request.

       12     FTP weird USER reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply
              sent to the USER request.

       13     FTP weird PASV reply, Curl couldn't parse the reply
              sent to the PASV request.

       14     FTP weird  227  format.  Curl  couldn't  parse  the
              227-line the server sent.

       15     FTP can't get host. Couldn't resolve the host IP we
              got in the 227-line.

       16     FTP can't reconnect. Couldn't connect to  the  host
              we got in the 227-line.

       17     FTP  couldn't  set binary. Couldn't change transfer
              method to binary.

       18     Partial file. Only a part of the  file  was  trans­
              fered.

       19     FTP couldn't RETR file. The RETR command failed.

       20     FTP  write  error. The transfer was reported bad by
              the server.

       21     FTP quote error. A  quote  command  returned  error
              from the server.

       22     HTTP  not  found. The requested page was not found.
              This return code only appears if --fail is used.

       23     Write error. Curl couldn't write data  to  a  local
              filesystem or similar.

       24     Malformat user. User name badly specified.

       25     FTP  couldn't STOR file. The server denied the STOR
              operation.

       26     Read error. Various reading problems.

       27     Out of memory. A memory allocation request  failed.

       28     Operation  timeout.  The  specified time-out period
              was reached according to the conditions.

       29     FTP couldn't set  ASCII.  The  server  returned  an
              unknown reply.

       30     FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed.


       32     FTP couldn't use SIZE. The SIZE command failed. The
              command is an extension to the  original  FTP  spec
              RFC 959.

       33     HTTP  range error. The range "command" didn't work.

       34     HTTP post error. Internal  post-request  generation
              error.

       35     SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed.

       36     FTP  bad download resume. Couldn't continue an ear­
              lier aborted download.

       37     FILE couldn't read file. Failed to open  the  file.
              Permissions?

       38     LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed.

       39     LDAP search failed.

       40     Library  not found. The LDAP library was not found.

       41     Function not found. A required  LDAP  function  was
              not found.

       42     Aborted  by  callback.  An application told curl to
              abort the operation.

       43     Internal error. A function was called  with  a  bad
              parameter.

       44     Internal  error.  A  function  was  called in a bad
              order.

       45     Interface error.  A  specified  outgoing  interface
              could not be used.

       46     Bad  password  entered. An error was signalled when
              the password was entered.

       47     Too many redirects. When following redirects,  curl
              hit the maximum amount.

       48     Unknown TELNET option specified.

       49     Malformed telnet option.

       XX     There  will  appear more error codes here in future
              releases. The existing  ones  are  meant  to  never
              change.

       If you do find bugs, mail them to curl-bug@haxx.se.


AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

       Daniel  Stenberg is the main author, but the whole list of
       contributors is found in the separate THANKS file.


WWW

       http://curl.haxx.se


FTP

       ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/www/utilities/curl/


SEE ALSO

       ftp(1), wget(1), snarf(1)


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