od - dump files in octal and other formats


SYNOPSIS

       od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       od --traditional [FILE] [[+]OFFSET [[+]LABEL]]


DESCRIPTION

       Write   an  unambiguous  representation,  octal  bytes  by
       default, of FILE to standard output.   With  no  FILE,  or
       when FILE is -, read standard input.

       -A, --address-radix=RADIX
              decide how file offsets are printed

       -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
              skip BYTES input bytes first on each file

       -N, --read-bytes=BYTES
              limit dump to BYTES input bytes per file

       -s, --strings[=BYTES]
              output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars

       -t, --format=TYPE
              select output format or formats

       -v, --output-duplicates
              do not use * to mark line suppression

       -w, --width[=BYTES]
              output BYTES bytes per output line

       --traditional
              accept arguments in pre-POSIX form

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

   Pre-POSIX  format specifications may be intermixed, they accu­
       mulate:
       -a     same as -t a,  select named characters

       -b     same as -t oC, select octal bytes

       -c     same as -t c,  select ASCII characters or backslash
              escapes

       -d     same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal shorts

       -f     same as -t fF, select floats


       -i     same as -t d2, select decimal shorts

       -l     same as -t d4, select decimal longs

       -o     same as -t o2, select octal shorts

       -x     same as -t x2, select hexadecimal shorts

       For  older  syntax  (second  call format), OFFSET means -j
       OFFSET.   LABEL  is  the  pseudo-address  at  first   byte
       printed, incremented when dump is progressing.  For OFFSET
       and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates  hexadecimal,  suf­
       fixes maybe . for octal and b multiply by 512.

       TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:

       a      named character

       c      ASCII character or backslash escape

       d[SIZE]
              signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       f[SIZE]
              floating point, SIZE bytes per integer

       o[SIZE]
              octal, SIZE bytes per integer

       u[SIZE]
              unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       x[SIZE]
              hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       SIZE  is  a  number.  For TYPE in doux, SIZE may also be C
       for sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I  for  sizeof(int)
       or  L  for sizeof(long).  If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F
       for  sizeof(float),  D  for  sizeof(double)   or   L   for
       sizeof(long double).

       RADIX  is d for decimal, o for octal, x for hexadecimal or
       n for none.  BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it
       is  multiplied by 512 with b suffix, by 1024 with k and by
       1048576 with m.  Adding a z suffix to any type adds a dis­
       play  of  printable  characters to the end of each line of
       output.  -s without a number implies 3.  -w without a num­
       ber implies 32.  By default, od uses -A o -t d2 -w 16.


AUTHOR

       Written by Jim Meyering.

       Report bugs to <bug-textutils@gnu.org>.


COPYRIGHT

       Copyright © 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
       This  is  free software; see the source for copying condi­
       tions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY
       or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


SEE ALSO

       The  full  documentation for od is maintained as a Texinfo
       manual.   If  the  info  and  od  programs  are   properly
       installed at your site, the command

              info od

       should give you access to the complete manual.


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