pine - a Program for Internet News and Email


SYNTAX

       pine [ options ] [ address , address ]

       pinef [ options ] [ address , address ]


DESCRIPTION

       Pine  is  a screen-oriented message-handling tool.  In its
       default configuration, Pine offers an  intentionally  lim­
       ited  set  of functions geared toward the novice user, but
       it also has a growing list of  optional  "power-user"  and
       personal-preference  features.  pinef is a variant of Pine
       that uses function keys rather than mnemonic single-letter
       commands.  Pine's basic feature set includes:

              View,  Save,  Export, Delete, Print, Reply and For­
              ward messages.

              Compose messages in a  simple  editor  (Pico)  with
              word-wrap  and a spelling checker.  Messages may be
              postponed for later completion.

              Full-screen selection  and  management  of  message
              folders.

              Address  book to keep a list of long or frequently-
              used addresses.  Personal distribution lists may be
              defined.   Addresses  may be taken into the address
              book from incoming mail without retyping them.

              New mail checking and notification occurs automati­
              cally every 2.5 minutes and after certain commands,
              e.g. refresh-screen (Ctrl-L).

              On-line, context-sensitive help screens.

       Pine supports  MIME  (Multipurpose  Internet  Mail  Exten­
       sions),  an  Internet  Standard for representing multipart
       and multimedia data in email.  Pine  allows  you  to  save
       MIME  objects to files, and in some cases, can also initi­
       ate the correct program for viewing the object.   It  uses
       the  system's mailcap configuration file to determine what
       program can process a particular MIME object type.  Pine's
       message  composer  does not have integral multimedia capa­
       bility, but any type of data file --including multimedia--
       can  be  attached  to a text message and sent using MIME's
       encoding rules.  This allows any group of individuals with
       MIME-capable  mail  software  (e.g. Pine, PC-Pine, or many
       other programs) to exchange formatted  documents,  spread-
       sheets, image files, etc, via Internet email.

       Pine  uses  the c-client messaging API to access local and

       low-level  message-handling  functions,  including drivers
       for a variety of different mail file formats, as  well  as
       routines  to  access  remote  mail and news servers, using
       IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) and NNTP  (Network
       News   Transport  Protocol).   Outgoing  mail  is  usually
       handed-off to  the  Unix  sendmail,  program  but  it  can
       optionally be posted directly via SMTP (Simple Mail Trans­
       fer Protocol).


OPTIONS

       The command line options/arguments are:

       address             Send mail to address.  This will cause
                           Pine  to  go directly into the message
                           composer.

       -a                  Special anonymous mode for UWIN*

       -attach file        Send mail with the listed file  as  an
                           attachment.

       -attach_and_delete file
                           Send  mail  with the listed file as an
                           attachment, and remove the file  after
                           the message is sent.

       -attachlist file-list
                           Send mail with the listed file-list as
                           an attachments.

       -c context-number   context-number is  the  number  corre­
                           sponding  to  the folder-collection to
                           which the  -f  command  line  argument
                           should  be applied.  By default the -f
                           argument  is  applied  to  the   first
                           defined folder-collection.

       -d debug-level      Output  diagnostic info at debug-level
                           (0-9) to the current  .pine-debug[1-4]
                           file.   A  value  of 0 turns debugging
                           off  and  suppresses  the  .pine-debug
                           file.

       -d key[=val]        Fine  tuned  output of diagnostic mes­
                           sages where "flush" causes debug  file
                           writing without buffering, "timestamp"
                           appends each message with a timestamp,
                           "imap=n"  where  n  is between 0 and 4
                           representing  none  to  verbose   IMAP
                           telemetry    reporting,   "numfiles=n"
                           where n is between  0  and  31  corre­
                           sponding  to the number of debug files
                           to maintain, and "verbose=n"  where  n

                           inverse threshold for message  output.

       -f folder           Open  folder  (in first defined folder
                           collection,  use  -c  n   to   specify
                           another  collection) instead of INBOX.

       -F file             Open named text  file  and  view  with
                           Pine's browser.

       -h                  Help: list valid command-line options.

       -i                  Start up in the FOLDER INDEX screen.

       -I keystrokes       Initial  (comma  separated  list   of)
                           keystrokes  which  Pine should execute
                           on startup.

       -k                  Use function keys for  commands.  This
                           is  the  same  as  running the command
                           pinef.

       -n number           Start up with  current  message-number
                           set to number.

       -nr                 Special mode for UWIN*

       -o                  Open first folder read-only.

       -p config-file      Use  config-file  as the personal con­
                           figuration file instead of the default
                           .pinerc.

       -P config-file      Use  config-file  as the configuration
                           file instead  of  default  system-wide
                           configuration file pine.conf.

       -r                  Use  restricted/demo  mode.  Pine will
                           only send mail to itself and functions
                           like save and export are restricted.

       -url url            Open  the  given  url.  Cannot be used
                           with -f, -F, or -attach options.

       -v                  Version: Print version information.

       -z                  Enable ^Z and SIGTSTP so pine  may  be
                           suspended.

       -bail               Exit if the pinerc file does not exist

       -conf               Produce a  sample/fresh  copy  of  the
                           system-wide     configuration    file,
                           pine.conf,  on  the  standard  output.

                           .pinerc file.

       -create_lu addrbook sort-order
                           Creates  auxiliarly  index   (look-up)
                           file  for  addrbook and sorts addrbook
                           in sort-order, which may be dont-sort,
                           nickname,   fullname,   nickname-with-
                           lists-last,  or   fullname-with-lists-
                           last.   Useful when creating global or
                           shared address books.  After  creating
                           the  index  file in this way, the file
                           should be moved or  copied  in  a  way
                           which   preserves  the  mtime  of  the
                           address book file.  The mtime  of  the
                           address  book  file  at  the  time the
                           index file was built is stored  inside
                           the   index   file  and  a  comparison
                           between that stored value and the cur­
                           rent mtime of the address book file is
                           done when somebody runs pine.  If  the
                           mtime has changed since the index file
                           was  made,  then  pine  will  want  to
                           rebuild  the  index  file.   In  other
                           words, don't build the index file with
                           this  option and then copy the address
                           book to its final destination in a way
                           which changes the file's mtime.

       -copy_pinerc <local_pinerc> <remote_pinerc>
                           Copy the local pinerc file to a remote
                           pinerc folder.

       -copy_abook <local_abook> <remote_abook>
                           Copy the local address book file to  a
                           remote address book folder.

       -pinerc file        Output  fresh  pinerc configuration to
                           file.

       -x config           Use configuration exceptions  in  con­
                           fig.   Exceptions are used to override
                           your default  pinerc  settings  for  a
                           particular  platform,  can  be a local
                           file or a remote folder.

       -sort order         Sort the FOLDER INDEX display  in  one
                           of the following orders: arrival, sub­
                           ject, from, date, size, orderedsubj or
                           reverse. Arrival order is the default.
                           The  OrderedSubj  choice  simulates  a
                           threaded   sort.    Any  sort  may  be
                           reversed by  adding  /reverse  to  it.
                           Reverse  by  itself  is  the  same  as


       -option=value       Assign  value  to  the  config  option
                           option  e.g.  -signature-file=sig1  or
                           -feature-list=signature-at-bottom
                           (Note:  feature-list  values are addi­
                           tive)

       * UWIN = University of Washington Information Navigator


CONFIGURATION

       There are several levels of Pine configuration.   Configu­
       ration  values  at  a  given level over-ride corresponding
       values at lower levels.  In  order  of  increasing  prece­
       dence:

        o built-in defaults.
        o system-wide pine.conf file.
        o   personal  .pinerc  file  (may  be  set  via  built-in
       Setup/Config menu.)
        o command-line options.
        o system-wide pine.conf.fixed file.

       There is one exception to the rule that configuration val­
       ues  are  replaced  by  the  value of the same option in a
       higher-precedence file: the feature-list variable has val­
       ues  that  are  additive, but can be negated by prepending
       "no-" in front of an individual feature  name.  Unix  Pine
       also uses the following environment variables:

         TERM
         DISPLAY       (determines  if  Pine  can  display  IMAGE
       attachments.)
         SHELL       (if not set, default is /bin/sh )
         MAILCAPS    (semicolon delimited list of path  names  to
       mailcap files)


FILES

       /var/spool/mail/xxxx        Default  folder  for  incoming
       mail.
       ~/mail                      Default  directory  for   mail
       folders.
       ~/.addressbook              Default address book file.
       ~/.addressbook.lu           Default   address  book  index
       file.
       ~/.pine-debug[1-4]          Diagnostic log for  debugging.
       ~/.pinerc                   Personal pine config file.
       ~/.newsrc                   News  subscription/state file.
       ~/.signature                Default signature file.
       ~/.mailcap                  Personal   mail   capabilities
       file.
       ~/.mime.types               Personal   file  extension  to
       MIME type mapping
       /etc/mailcap                System-wide mail  capabilities

       /etc/mime.types             System-wide  file ext. to MIME
       type mapping
       /usr/lib/pine.info          Local pointer to system admin­
       istrator.
       /etc/pine.conf              System-wide      configuration
       file.
       /etc/pine.conf.fixed         Non-overridable configuration
       file.
       /tmp/.\var\spool\mail\xxxx  Per-folder mailbox lock files.
       ~/.pine-interrupted-mail    Message which was interrupted.
       ~/mail/postponed-msgs       For postponed messages.
       ~/mail/sent-mail            Outgoing    message    archive
       (FCC).
       ~/mail/saved-messages       Default destination for Saving
       messages.


SEE ALSO

       pico(1), binmail(1), aliases(5), mailaddr(7), sendmail(8),
       spell(1), imapd(8)

       Newsgroup:  comp.mail.pine
       Pine Information Center:  http://www.washington.edu/pine
       Source        distribution:         ftp://ftp.cac.washing­
       ton.edu/pine/pine.tar.Z
       Pine Technical Notes, included in the source distribution.
       C-Client messaging API library,  included  in  the  source
       distribution.


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

       The University of Washington Pine development team (part of the UW Office
       of Computing & Communications) includes:

        Project Leader:           Mike Seibel
        Principal authors:        Mike Seibel, Steve Hubert, Laurence Lundblade*
        C-Client library & IMAPd: Mark Crispin
        Pico, the PIne COmposer:  Mike Seibel
        Documentation:            Many people!
        PC-Pine for Windows:      Tom Unger, Mike Seibel
        Project oversight:        Terry Gray, Lori Stevens
        Principal Patrons:        Ron Johnson, Mike Bryant
        Additional support:       NorthWestNet
        Initial Pine code base:   Elm, by Dave Taylor & USENET Community Trust
        Initial Pico code base:   MicroEmacs 3.6, by Dave G. Conroy
        User Interface design:    Inspired by UCLA's "Ben" mailer for MVS
        Suggestions/fixes/ports:  Folks from all over!

          *Emeritus

       Copyright 1989-2001 by the University of Washington.
       Pine and Pico are trademarks of the University of Washington.

       $Date: 2001/02/01 11:12:52 $


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