chmod, fchmod - change permissions of a file


SYNOPSIS

       #include <sys/types.h>
       #include <sys/stat.h>

       int chmod(const char *path, mode_t mode);
       int fchmod(int fildes, mode_t mode);


DESCRIPTION

       The mode of the file given by path or referenced by fildes
       is changed.

       Modes are specified by or'ing the following:

              S_ISUID   04000 set user ID on execution

              S_ISGID   02000 set group ID on execution

              S_ISVTX   01000 sticky bit

              S_IRUSR (S_IREAD)
                        00400 read by owner

              S_IWUSR (S_IWRITE)
                        00200 write by owner

              S_IXUSR (S_IEXEC)
                        00100 execute/search by owner

              S_IRGRP   00040 read by group

              S_IWGRP   00020 write by group

              S_IXGRP   00010 execute/search by group

              S_IROTH   00004 read by others

              S_IWOTH   00002 write by others

              S_IXOTH   00001 execute/search by others

       The effective UID of the process  must  be  zero  or  must
       match the owner of the file.

       If  the  effective  UID of the process is not zero and the
       group of the file does not match the effective group ID of
       the  process  or  one  of its supplementary group IDs, the
       S_ISGID bit will be turned off, but this will not cause an
       error to be returned.

       execution bits may be turned off if a file is written.  On
       some  file systems, only the super-user can set the sticky
       bit, which may have a special  meaning.   For  the  sticky
       bit, and for set user ID and set group ID bits on directo­
       ries, see stat(2).

       On NFS file  systems,  restricting  the  permissions  will
       immediately  influence  already  open  files,  because the
       access control is done on the server, but open  files  are
       maintained by the client.  Widening the permissions may be
       delayed for other clients if attribute caching is  enabled
       on them.


RETURN VALUE

       On  success,  zero is returned.  On error, -1 is returned,
       and errno is set appropriately.


ERRORS

       Depending  on  the  file  system,  other  errors  can   be
       returned.   The  more  general errors for chmod are listed
       below:

       EPERM  The effective UID does not match the owner  of  the
              file, and is not zero.

       EROFS  The  named file resides on a read-only file system.

       EFAULT path points outside your accessible address  space.

       ENAMETOOLONG
              path is too long.

       ENOENT The file does not exist.

       ENOMEM Insufficient kernel memory was available.

       ENOTDIR
              A  component of the path prefix is not a directory.

       EACCES Search permission is denied on a component  of  the
              path prefix.

       ELOOP  Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolv­
              ing path.

       EIO    An I/O error occurred.

       The general errors for fchmod are listed below:

       EBADF  The file descriptor fildes is not valid.

       EROFS  See above.


       EIO    See above.


CONFORMING TO

       The chmod call conforms  to  SVr4,  SVID,  POSIX,  X/OPEN,
       4.4BSD.   SVr4  documents  EINTR,  ENOLINK  and  EMULTIHOP
       returns, but no ENOMEM.  POSIX.1 does not document EFAULT,
       ENOMEM,  ELOOP  or  EIO  error  conditions,  or the macros
       S_IREAD, S_IWRITE and S_IEXEC.

       The fchmod call conforms to 4.4BSD and SVr4.   SVr4  docu­
       ments  additional  EINTR  and  ENOLINK  error  conditions.
       POSIX requires the fchmod function  if  at  least  one  of
       _POSIX_MAPPED_FILES  and  _POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS  is
       defined, and documents additional ENOSYS and EINVAL  error
       conditions, but does not document EIO.

       POSIX and X/OPEN do not document the sticky bit.


SEE ALSO

       open(2), chown(2), execve(2), stat(2)


Man(1) output converted with man2html