ZHESVX - use the diagonal pivoting factorization to com
pute the solution to a complex system of linear equations
A * X = B,
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINE ZHESVX( FACT, UPLO, N, NRHS, A, LDA, AF, LDAF,
IPIV, B, LDB, X, LDX, RCOND, FERR,
BERR, WORK, LWORK, RWORK, INFO )
CHARACTER FACT, UPLO
INTEGER INFO, LDA, LDAF, LDB, LDX, LWORK, N,
NRHS
DOUBLE PRECISION RCOND
INTEGER IPIV( * )
DOUBLE PRECISION BERR( * ), FERR( * ), RWORK(
* )
COMPLEX*16 A( LDA, * ), AF( LDAF, * ), B( LDB, *
), WORK( * ), X( LDX, * )
PURPOSE
ZHESVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization to compute
the solution to a complex system of linear equations A * X
= B, where A is an N-by-N Hermitian matrix and X and B are
N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are
also provided.
DESCRIPTION
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to
factor A.
The form of the factorization is
A = U * D * U**H, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**H, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit
upper (lower)
triangular matrices, and D is Hermitian and block diag
onal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then
the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of
A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine
precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine
still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described
below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the fac
tored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed
solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error
estimates
for it.
ARGUMENTS
FACT (input) CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A
has been supplied on entry. = 'F': On entry, AF
and IPIV contain the factored form of A. A, AF
and IPIV will not be modified. = 'N': The matrix
A will be copied to AF and factored.
UPLO (input) CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N (input) INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of
the matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS (input) INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number
of columns of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
A (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDA,N)
The Hermitian matrix A. If UPLO = 'U', the lead
ing N-by-N upper triangular part of A contains the
upper triangular part of the matrix A, and the
strictly lower triangular part of A is not refer
enced. If UPLO = 'L', the leading N-by-N lower
triangular part of A contains the lower triangular
part of the matrix A, and the strictly upper tri
angular part of A is not referenced.
LDA (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array A. LDA >=
max(1,N).
(LDAF,N)
If FACT = 'F', then AF is an input argument and on
entry contains the block diagonal matrix D and the
multipliers used to obtain the factor U or L from
the factorization A = U*D*U**H or A = L*D*L**H as
computed by ZHETRF.
If FACT = 'N', then AF is an output argument and
on exit returns the block diagonal matrix D and
the multipliers used to obtain the factor U or L
from the factorization A = U*D*U**H or A =
L*D*L**H.
LDAF (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array AF. LDAF >=
max(1,N).
IPIV (input or output) INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and
on entry contains details of the interchanges and
the block structure of D, as determined by ZHETRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and
IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1
diagonal block. If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and columns k-1 and
-IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k) is a
2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k)
= IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and
-IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a
2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and
on exit contains details of the interchanges and
the block structure of D, as determined by ZHETRF.
B (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >=
max(1,N).
X (output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution
matrix X.
LDX (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >=
max(1,N).
RCOND (output) DOUBLE PRECISION
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of
the matrix A. If RCOND is less than the machine
matrix is singular to working precision. This
condition is indicated by a return code of INFO >
0.
FERR (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solu
tion vector X(j) (the j-th column of the solution
matrix X). If XTRUE is the true solution corre
sponding to X(j), FERR(j) is an estimated upper
bound for the magnitude of the largest element in
(X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reli
able as the estimate for RCOND, and is almost
always a slight overestimate of the true error.
BERR (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each
solution vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative
change in any element of A or B that makes X(j) an
exact solution).
WORK (workspace/output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension
(LWORK)
On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal
LWORK.
LWORK (input) INTEGER
The length of WORK. LWORK >= 2*N, and for best
performance LWORK >= N*NB, where NB is the optimal
blocksize for ZHETRF.
If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed;
the routine only calculates the optimal size of
the WORK array, returns this value as the first
entry of the WORK array, and no error message
related to LWORK is issued by XERBLA.
RWORK (workspace) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)
INFO (output) INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an ille
gal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned. = N+1: D
is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular to
working precision. Nevertheless, the solution and
error bounds are computed because there are a num
ber of situations where the computed solution can
suggest.
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