PART I. MOTOR TORPEDO BOAT SQUADRONS, REGULATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS (REVISED SEPTEMBER 1942)

Page
Chapter 1. Squadron and Boat Organization 1-8
Chapter 2. Squadron Administration 9-32
  A. Gunnery Department 9-14
  B. Navigation Department 14-16
  C. Communications Department 17-20
  D.Engineering Department 20-25
  E. Personnel Department 25-29
  F. Stores Department 29-30
  G. Commissary Department 30-32
Chapter 3. Safety Precautions and Regulations 33-35
Chapter 4. Spare Parts 38-38
Chapter 5. Records and Reports 39-46
Chapter 6. Stores (For stores officer and department heads only) 47-54
Chapter 7. Reference Material 55-59
Chapter 8. Appendix 60-67

Chapter 1. SQUADRON AND BOAT ORGANIZATION

SQUADRON ORGANIZATION

General.--The organization of the motor torpedo boat squadron is similar to that of an aircraft squadron in that the squadron, rather than the individual boat, is the commissioned unit. However, each motor torpedo boat functions as a commissioned vessel when acting singly.

For operations and tactics, the squadron is organized into several divisions of two or three vessels each which usually are the basis for task assignments. For administration and maintenance, the squadron is organized into departments.

An officer of suitable rank and experience will command each division. He will exercise tactical command at all times and

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administrative command only when absent from the squadron commander. He will be responsible for the training and fighting efficiency of his division.

An officer assigned as boat captain will command each boat. Boat captains are directly responsible to the squadron commander for the preservation and operation of material in their charge, and for the training, efficiency and safety of personnel under their command. They will keep their boats in readiness for action at all times unless otherwise directed by the squadron commander for reasons of making overhaul and repairs.

Boat captains may be assigned additional duties as heads of departments or be required to perform other squadron duties.

Junior officers will be assigned duties as executive officers on individual boats in addition to collateral duties as assistant department heads. Such officers will be responsible to the respective heads of their departments for the proper performance of their collateral duties and responsible to their respective boat captains for their duties as executive officers.

Each boat captain and head of department will properly instruct an assistant (enlisted man if no officer assistant is available) so that the department or boat will function normally in his absence.

The duties of the squadron commander are, in general, those prescribed in Navy Regulations for the commanding officer of a ship.

The squadron executive officer will normally be the officer next in rank to the squadron commander. His duties are, in general, those prescribed in Navy Regulations for the executive officer of a ship, i. e., he will coordinate and supervise the interior administration of the squadron. He will be regarded as the representative of the squadron commander in issu:ng all orders and instructions. In the absence of the squadron commander he will take command of the squadron and carry out the orders and policies of the squadron commander.

The squadron shall be organized into the following administrative departments: Gunnery, navigation, communications, engineering, personnel, stores, commissary.

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The senior officer in each department will be the head of department with other officers in that department as his assistants. In some cases, one officer may have more than one of the duties listed above.

Department heads will, in their relations to the squadron commander, bear responsibilities as laid down in Navy Regulations for department heads aboard ship. Each head of department will initiate the required action on all routine or other matters within the cognizance of his department.

BOAT ORGANIZATION

Complement.--Each boat shall normally consist of a crew of nine enlisted men and two officers. Each boat shall be under the command of an officer of suitable rank and ability, assigned as boat captain. The executive officer on each boat shall assist the boat captain in every way and he should strive to qualify in all respects for the position of boat captain.

The enlisted ratings on each boat will normally be:

1 TM, 1 GM, 1 QM, 1 RM, 3 engineers, 1 seaman, 1 SC.

Duties of a boat captain.--Each boat captain is responsible for the fighting efficiency of his boat and for the training and discipline of his crew. He is responsible also for its proper material upkeep and for the submission of all necessary records and reports. He must be prepared, when acting independently, to carry out his duties as commanding officer in accordance with Navy Regulations.

Each boat captain will make out a Watch, Quarter, and Station Bill for his crew which will be kept posted (a sample bill is included in the appendix). This bill is, in effect, the basis for the efficient organization and operation of the boat under the specific situations provided for and therefore it is of great importance that all hands familiarize themselves and carry out its provisions promptly and intelligently.

In addition, he will maintain on board a complete file of squadron orders, notices, and memorandums and insure that they

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are understood by his crew. The following standard orders will be posted conspicuously as indicated:

Cleanliness and appearance.--The cleanliness and appearance of a boat should never be sought at the expense of the care and upkeep of its equipment; however, unless particularly heavy operating schedules have been maintained, boat personnel should be able to keep top side and below compartment spaces clean and shipshape. Boats' crews should take a pride in the cleanliness and appearance of their individual boats. A clean and smart looking boat reflects on the efficiency and ability of the officers and men on board.

The following are examples of a few specific practices to be observed in keeping a boat clean and shipshape:

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When moored to docks, boat captains will see that their crews are indoctrinated in proper methods of garbage disposal and also that dock areas used by their boats are kept clean.

Security in port.--All hands are in a duty status when on board and are responsible for the safety of the boat. The senior man or officer will take charge in case of an emergency.

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An armed heel and toe sentry watch will be set outside of working hours on each boat or group of boats.

Whenever a boat is alone, at least two men will be aboard at all times and one of the two men should be an engineer.

Safety precautions.--Boat captains will take the steps necessary to insure that all members of his crew understand the Squadron Safety Regulations and Orders (see part III) and that same are conspicuously posted. Frequent fire drills should be held to promote a complete understanding of the location and use of all fire apparatus. Boat captains should insist on regular inspections for gas fumes and leaks.

Watertight integrity.--Watertight integrity measures will vary with the type of boat used; however, practical drills and demonstrations should be held to familiarize all hands with this subject. A boat expecting action with the enemy should establish maximum watertight integrity in advance of such action.

Inspections and reports.--When not under way (or if under way, on returning) the senior engineer and deck force ratings will thoroughly inspect their assigned spaces every Friday and report any material defects to the boat captain (faulty gaskets, supplies or parts needed, faulty drains, missing or broken fittings, broken or cracked planking, etc.). In conjunction with this inspection, self-bailers and drains will be cleaned.

While under way the boat captain will have all bilges inspected once each watch.

Stowage plan.--A standard stowage plan for each squadron, designed for the type boats used, should be promulgated and adhered to. Proper stowage is important for the following reasons:

  1. Increases speed.

  2. Facilitates keeping the boat clean and shipshape.

  3. Expedites getting at equipment, bilges, lines, and hull damages when necessary.

  4. Facilitates familiarization with location of equipment on board. When gas masks and life jackets are needed no time can afford to be lost searching for them.

It is the individual responsibility of each boat captain to see that unnecessary gear does not accumulate on his boat.

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Wake effects.--Boat captains will make sure that their boats do not use excessive speeds in restricted waters and harbors. When passing the following close aboard, speed should be reduced to "Ahead" on one engine:

  1. Diving or special operations.

  2. Dredging.

  3. Vessels flying Baker.

  4. Small boats.

  5. Pile drivers in operation.

  6. Barges in tow.

  7. Vessels alongside one another.

Good judgment in every case must govern. Justified complaints against boat captains on this account, will result in disciplinary action.

Change of Command

Relieving another of command.--In the case of an officer relieving another of command the boat captain about to be relieved will, before the transfer is effected, make a thorough examination of the boat and its equipment in company with his successor and cause the crew to be exercised at their emergency stations. He will point out any defects and account for them and explain fully any peculiarities of construction or arrangement of the boat. The officer about to be relieved will deliver to his successor the originals or authenticated copies of all general regulations and orders that are in force aboard, all documents received for his guidance in command, and other publications belonging to the boat. The officer being relieved will have all records and reports up to date and he shall sign all of them (including the deck log) before he is relieved. Under no circumstances will he remove the original records of his official correspondence, original letters, documents, or papers concerning, the boat. He will show his relief the location and conditions of all Title B and Title C equipment; whereupon, the relief will sign all the original custody cards accepting custody of all equipment. A statement in triplicate of the inspection and the relief will be drawn up, signed by the officer being relieved and, if satisfactory, signed by the officer relieving him. If the boat equipment, records, reports, or personnel are not satisfactory in

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any respect, the officer relieving will so state with full details, and the officer being relieved will make such explanations as he may deem necessary, each over his own signature. One copy of this statement is to be forwarded to the squadron commander, and one retained by each of the officers between whom the transfer of command takes place.

Succession to command.--Should the officer regularly assigned to command a boat be absent, disabled, relieved from duty or detached without relief, the command will devolve upon the executive officer (or if there is no executive officer, on the senior man in crew) until relieved by competent authority, or Until the regular boat captain returns. This officer or man succeeding temporarily to command has the same authority and responsibilities as the regular boat captain, but he will make no change in the existing general orders, organization, or other permanent dispositions and will endeavor to have the routine and other affairs of the boat carried on the same as usual. An officer or man who succeeds to command as provided above acquires no increase of rank nor change in title.

Assuming command.--If assuming command of a new boat receipt for the boat should not be made and the boat not accepted until the boat has been inspected, its condition found satisfactory, and its equipment inventoried and noted in full on the receipt.

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Chapter 2. Squadron Administration

A. GUNNERY DEPARTMENT

The duties of the gunnery officer shall be those of both a gunnery and a torpedo officer. His duties shall include the following:

  1. Take charge generally of the procurement, care, and maintenance of all ordnance material (including blueprints and instruction books) of the squadron.

  2. Supervise the issue and installation of all ordnance and pyrotechnic equipment.

  3. Supervise the gunnery exercises of the squadron (including small arms practice).

  4. Instruct boat captains and crews in the operation and care of all ordnance and pyrotechnic equipment.

  5. Prepare and publish safety precautions relative to ordnance equipment and instruct personnel therein.

  6. Check regularly to see that the routine upkeep and overhaul of ordnance equipment is being made on all boats.

  7. Maintain all torpedoes and guns in a ready condition.

  8. Frequently inspect for proper stowage and the condition of all squadron ammunition, explosives, and pyrotechnics whether on the boats, the base, or the tender.

  9. Be responsible for required records and reports.

  10. Take steps to replace all expended ordnance equipment.

  11. Experimental work of a technical nature.

Care of ammunition and equipment.--The gunner's mate and torpedoman on each boat should each keep a rough log containing pertinent information on all ordnance equipment.

Too much stress cannot be laid on the importance of having all guns, torpedoes, depth charges, and ammunition in good serviceable working condition at all times. This goal can be achieved only if the gunner's mate and torpedoman on each boat give constant attention to their equipment.

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In many cases certain standard practices exist for the care of ordnance equipment. These should always be used in preference to individualized or haphazard methods. For example, when making routine checks and inspections, the following check-off lists should be used:

Copies of these check-off lists are given in the appendix of part II. Each boat should keep a supply on hand.
Incorrectly stowed ammunition may cause a disaster. Standard stowage of ammunition and pyrotechnics should always be observed. The following is a suggested stowage plan for the various types of boats:

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Normal ammunition stowage

  Detonators .50 cal. 20 mm. Boosters Impulse charges Very's cartridges
Elco 77' Cork-lined can fastened to starboard side of cockpit in wheel-house. Tank room under turrets. Ready boxes. In boxes in sound room. Cork-lined metal box after end tank room. In belt on rack on port side of wheel house.
Elco 80' Cork-lined can fastened to overhead in radio and chartroom. Small arms locker near officers' stateroom. do In boxes in rack on bulkhead compartment aft of officers' breakfast nook. Cork-lined cases under seat in officers' breakfast nook. In belt stowed in rack in chartroom on after bulkhead.
Huckins Cork-lined cans fastened to ledge on starboard side of ladder to small gear locker. In .50 cal. lockers or just abaft guns. do In racks on starboard bulkhead of officers' stateroom. In small locker on starboard side of cockpit. In belt in rack on starboard side of cockpit.
Higgins Cork-lined boxes on starboard side of after chartroom bulkhead near overhead. At guns or in ready boxes. do In boxes in small locker outboard starboard side of superstructure. None In belt in rack on chartroom after bulkhead.

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Inspection and care of .30, .45 and .50 caliber ammunition.--

  1. Protect ammunition against dirt, moisture, or blows which might injure ammunition.

  2. Make a thorough visual examination of new ammunition to eliminate defective rounds.

  3. Keep ammunition covered and out of direct rays of the sun.

  4. Remove any trace of rust with kerosene periodically.

  5. Do not polish or grease cartridges.

  6. Stow belts (.50 cal.) properly in boxes.

  7. While firing (.50 cal.) maintain alignment of the cartridges in the belts to insure uninterrupted fire. Load with loading machine and handle carefully to avoid misalignments.

  8. Do not stow black powder, detonators, or boosters with small arms ammunition.

  9. When possible after firing, the boat captain will take steps, at the first opportunity, to have all empty cartridge cases, clips, and packing boxes shipped to the nearest Naval Ammunition Depot. Precaution should be taken to see that no live cartridges are boxed with the empty cartridge cases. Each box containing empty cartridge cases should have a tag with the inspecting officer's name attached.
Care and handling of 20 mm. ammunition.--

  1. Ammunition should be kept cleaned and greased.

  2. Ammunition should be loaded with a tracer ratio of one tracer to three nontracers.

  3. Tension should be left off the magazine spring of all but two magazines until reasonably sure action is imminent, i. e. within a few hours.

  4. Two magazines with tension should be kept available at all times.

  5. Rotate the above magazines.

  6. When tension is on, it should be kept fully on.

  7. Magazines should be stowed in ready boxes except when loaded on the gun.
Torpedo tubes.--Due to the necessity for keeping torpedoes ready for firing at a moment's notice, tube covers are no longer kept on the tubes. Therefore, in order to insure against stop pins shearing and a torpedo unexpectedly slipping out, all Mark 18-1 tubes should be equipped with 1/4-inch steel-wire bridles to secure over the war head. This bridle has a tripping

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latch which can be tripped in a second once action is expected.

To replace the watertight features of a tube cover, a heavy axle grease packed liberally in the seam between the tube and the warhead will prove very satisfactory.

Tubes should be dove once a month and slushed. Kerosene or paint thinner can be used to clean tubes. A good slush is a mixture of heavy grease and hot-running torpedo oil. Care must be taken to prevent grit, etc., from getting into the tube as a small amount of grit will cause a long deep scratch oh the air flask.

Torpedoes.--Since torpedoes are the most important piece of equipment on a boat, no effort should be spared in caring for them.

New squadrons getting torpedoes should inspect them immediately for defects. One defect was discovered in the starting lever of a torpedo which was too long. The torpedo was loaded in the tube without difficulty but a small amount of friction tripped the lever and started a hot run.

War heads.--War heads hit by .50 caliber bullets are not apt to explode on impact; however, they will probably start burning and explode shortly; therefore, war heads ignited in this way should be disposed of by firing the torpedo or otherwise jettisoning it.

Depth charges.--The gunnery officer should require boat captains to have white depth index lines painted on depth charges to facilitate reading settings at night without the aid of light.

Machine guns.--To forestall rust action in the case of the 20 mm. Oerlikon and the .50 cal machine guns, it will be necessary to break down and clean the guns at least weekly if they have not been directly exposed to salt spray or sea water. When the latter is the case, the guns should be cleaned and oilea at the first opportunity. A great deal of unnecessary cleaning work can be avoided by keeping the guns covered when action is not expected; however, good judgment must always govern in this regard; readiness for action must never be sacrificed to keep equipment dry. In the case of the .50 cal. machine guns, keeping small covers over the stabilizers at the end of the barrels will keep moisture from getting down the barrels and, in an emergency, the guns can be fired without removing these covers.

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Machine gun links.--From considerable experience it has been noted that the M-1 links cause considerable jamming. It is recommended that the M-2 should be the only type accepted in commissioning allowances. This type is considerably more reliable.

20 mm. Oerlikon.--Difficulty sometimes arises in clearing a jammed 20 mm. projectile from the barrel. It is not safe to hit the ejector tool with a hammer.

One method of clearing the barrel is to cut small grooves with a rat-tail file in the cup of the ejector tool and then press on the handle until the fuse can be backed off.

Another method is to place the barrel in a vise, insert the ejector, and place a jack (with suitable backing) so that pressure can be put on the ejector handle to back out the projectile.

Torpedo impulse charges.--In connection with preservation of torpedo impulse charges, the wadding should be shellacked to prevent entrance of moisture, even though the wadding has originally been treated with acetone to produce a seal.

Smoke screen generator.--Care should be taken not to paint over working parts. They should be kept cleaned and greased.

Rust.--A commercial compound named "Oakite" will produce marked results in removing rust; however, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, particularly with regard to rust.

The above suggestions for caring for and handling ammunition and equipment are only a few samples of the sort of care and> attention the ordnance equipment should receive.

B. NAVIGATION DEPARTMENT

The duties of the squadron navigator, in general, shall be as follows:

  1. See that squadron and boats' deck logs contain correct entries and are up to date.

  2. Be responsible for procurement of firing notices and corrections to all charts and navigational publications used by the squadron.

  3. Collect and prepare all navigation and weather reports and submit same to boat captains or quartermasters.

  4. See that each boat has a record of intended courses to be steered and rendezvous points on extended operations.

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  1. Submit estimated dates and mileage of proposed operations to stores and commissary officer to facilitate their ordering of stores, fuel, oil, provisions, etc.

  2. See that all compasses are properly calibrated and deviation tables prepared and posted on each boat.

  3. Experimental work of a technical nature.

Chronometers and Chronometer Record Books

The squadron navigator should have custody of all squadron chronometers and chronometer record books. He should see that the chronometers are wound regularly, that "ticks" are gotten daily, and entries made in the record books.

The quartermaster of any boat undertaking an extended operation or taking up a patrol or readiness station or duty should draw the boat's chronometer and record book from the squadron navigator and report this fact to the boat captain before getting under way.

Charts and navigational publications.--Perhaps the most important single duty of a squadron navigator is to see that boat captains have their charts and navigational publications kept corrected to date. It is also his duty to check the security of all registered charts.

Log writing.--In Part A, Records, samples are given of writing the ship's log. The squadron navigator should indoctrinate squadron quartermasters in correct log writing procedures in order to achieve uniformity, accuracy and completeness.

Charts.--Charts should be kept clean and corrected to date. They should also be filed in an orderly manner to permit quick, ready reference.

Compasses.--The boat's compass must be kept accurately calibrated and a deviation table posted in the chart room.

Fuel consumption, RPM versus speed table.--These tables must be kept posted in the chart room.

Publications.--The following navigation publication should be kept on board each boat: Coast Pilot, Tide and Current Tables, Nautical Almanac, Chart List, Bowditch, HO 205, HO 206. HO 211.

Clocks.--All boats' clocks should be kept wound regularly and synchronized daily with the squadron timepiece.

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Chartroom lights.--It has been determined that the brilliance of a normal white chart room light has an adverse effect on vision for as long as 30 minutes after exposure and that certain colored, lights adversely affect vision to a much lesser degree; red, for instance, impairs the vision for only 10 minutes after exposure. Boat captains would do well to experiment to get the most satisfactory lighting arrangements possible for their chartrooms. Red battle lights are now part of standard equipment.

Lookouts.--Boat captains must indoctrinate their crews in the vital importance of standing taut lookout watches and in the prescribed method of reporting objects sighted. When practicable, lookouts should always use binoculars and keep dark glasses on hand. Lookouts should be relieved frequently and. should be notified of objects the boat captain expects to sight.

Care of equipment.--Navigation equipment must be kept in a first class, orderly condition at all times. The following are a few examples of "good practice" for the quartermaster:

  1. Keep charts corrected to date, clean, and neatly filed.

  2. Keep navigation publications corrected to date, neatly stowed, and readily available.

  3. Keep all Title B equipment such as binoculars, clocks, stop watches, etc., carefully accounted for, clean, and neatly stowed when not in use.

  4. Keep bunting in good repair and neatly stowed.

  5. See that lines are well dried before stowing and are stowed neatly.

  6. See that oilskins are dried and clean before hanging up.

  7. If available, keep a small supply of towelling on hand for wear around the neck under oilskins.

  8. Keep an adequate supply of sharpened pencils, scratch paper, lens paper, thumb tacks, etc., so that laying out a course will not be delayed by last minute searches for these items.

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C. COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT

The squadron communication officer is responsible for efficient and rapid communications between units of the squadron and between the squadron and other activities and units of the fleet and armed forces. The more specific responsibilities of the communications officer will include:

  1. The proper safeguarding of registered and classified publications and change and corrections thereto.

  2. The upkeep, repair, and overhaul of radio and electrical equipment.

  3. Instruction of officers and boats' crews in communication discipline, practice and procedure.

  4. The dissemination of recognition signals to the boats and their destruction after use.

  5. Establishing of a coding board when necessary to have one.

  6. Censorship.

  7. Familiarization of all squadron personnel with the principles of security and informing them of the subjects which must never be discussed outside the squadron.

  8. Collection and dissemination of intelligence information and reports. Duties as squadron intelligence officer.

  9. Investigating and developing methods for efficient communication in emergencies with other units of the fleet and armed forces, including predetermined frequency and call arrangement, plans, etc.

  10. Supervising proper calibration of all radio direction finders.

  11. The proper routing of dispatches, for information or action, to members of the squadron.

The communication officer should thoroughly familiarize himself with the following publications:

  1. Communications Instructions, U.S. Navy.

  2. MTB Doctrine and Standard Procedure Part V, Ch. 2.

  3. U.S. Navy Call Sign Book Part I and II.

  4. Operators Manual.

  5. Berne List.

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  1. Communication Procedure Signals.

  2. Coding System(s) in use for the squadron and on the boats.

He should see that (c) through (f) inclusive are carried on the boats. The boats should carry only those codes on board which are absolutely necessary for contact reports and minimum communication of confidential and secret information. For this latter purpose MTBs are currently using aircraft codes.

Security.--The communications officer will see that all hands are notified that the following subjects, particularly, should never be discussed outside the squadron:

  1. The design, armament, construction, power, and and speed of the boats.

  2. The type of equipment used, fuel or fresh water capacity, cruising radius.

  3. The disposition of the boats and their tactical use or employment.

  4. Their movements, how transported, and casualties to the boats or to the squadron personnel.

  5. Other ships present in harbors, their movements. Arrival or departure of supplies or equipment.

  6. In addition to the above, all hands must be indoctrinated in the principles of security to be observed with regard to the operation of the radio.

Dispatches.--The communication officer will see that all officers in the squadron are familiar with the degrees of urgency assigned to dispatches, how to determine same, and the correct procedure for handling all dispatches.

Care of equipment.--In carrying out his duties in caring for radio and electrical equipment, the communications officer should see that the boat captains have the following general practices carried out on all boats:

    Radio

  1. Protection of radio equipment from the weather, with immediate steps to dry and clean equipment which has been accidentally exposed.

  2. Keep manufacturer's instruction book and operating instructions for the set near the radio.

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  1. Keep calibration cards on equipment properly filled out.

  2. Operation of transmitter and receiver at least 15 minutes daily, testing all phones and microphones at this time.

  3. Keep all antennae connections tight and insulators clean and free of paint.

  4. Keep all dials and controls in good working order.

  5. Have all vacuum tubes tested monthly.

  6. Keep 100 percent spare tubes and 300 percent spare fuses on board.

  7. Keep motor generators greased in accordance with instructions in TCS instruction book.

  8. Immediately report erratic performance of the equipment to the squadron repairman,

    Direction Finder

  1. Protection of equipment from exposure to the weather.

  2. Keep RDF battery fully charged and properly watered.

  3. Operation of equipment at least 15 minutes daily.

  4. Keep all insulators clean and free of paint.

  5. Have vacuum tubes tested monthly.

  6. Have collector rings cleaned and greased lightly, monthly.

  7. Keep 100 percent spare vacuum tubes and 300 percent spare fuses aboard.

  8. Check mechanical alignment of loop weekly.

    M. P. Light

  1. If exposed to the weather, clean and dry the light immediately after use.

  2. If light is battery operated, check condition of batteries weekly.

  3. Operate light daily.

  4. Keep one spare bulb and one spare battery aboard.

  5. NEVER stow light unless dry and clean.

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    Searchlight

  1. Operate light daily.

  2. Keep switches and controls in good working order at all times.

  3. Keep one spare bulb and 300 percent spare fuses aboard.

  4. Immediately replace any cracked or broken lens.

  5. Keep light trained down when not in use.

    Blinker tube

  1. Operate daily, moving iris through its scope.

  2. Keep tube free of corrosion.

  3. Keep one spare bulb and one set of batteries aboard.

  4. NEVER stow tube unless dry and clean.

Except for the wiring in the engine room instrument panel, radioman will not be held responsible for electrical equipment in the engine room. This equipment will be cared for and checked by engineers.

D. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

The duties of the engineering officer shall also include those of hull officer (first lieutenant) on a ship. He should familiarize himself with engineering practices contained in Motor Torpedo Boat Squadrons Doctrine and Standard Procedures, the Packard instruction book, and the Manual of Engineering Instructions, U.S. Navy. His duties will include:

  1. The maintenance of engines, power plant instruments, fuel systems, oil systems, engine accessories, and auxiliary power plants and their installations.

  2. The maintenance and repair of the structural parts of boats, including surfaces, hull, ship-control instruments, and torpedo tube, machine gun turret, and engine foundations.

  3. The conduct of suitable inspections of work being done on equipment under his cognizance. Experimental work of a technical nature pertaining to power plants and their accessories and to structural features of the boats.

  4. The maintenance of hull and machinery histories, engine logs, and auxiliary power unit logs, and the recording of all

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    necessary data pertaining to the operation of power plants and their installations. The execution of frequent inspections to see that individual boat engineering records are properly kept and up to date.

  1. The compilation of reports relative to engineering required by the Bureau of Ships (Engineering).

  2. The instruction of boat captains and engineers in the best methods of operation of power plants and their accessories arid the posting of proper and adequate instructions and safety precautions in each boat relative to operating same.

  3. The publication of MTB Engineering bulletins publicizing sound engineering practices and procedures.

  4. Obtaining and maintaining supply of essential engineering and hull spare parts.

  5. The weekly weighing and recharging, as necessary, of all fire extinguishers. These should be recharged if the weight is less than the weight stamped on the data plate.

    Care of Equipment

    New engines.--When a new engine is installed, a short "break in" period is desirable before the engine is subjected to normal operating conditions. The following schedule should be followed:

    Time             R.P.M.

    30 minutes                         800
    30 minutes             1,000
    1 hour             1,200
    1 hour             1,400
    1 hour             1,600
    1 hour             1,800
    1 hour             2,000
    30 minutes             2,200

    Overhauls.--The engines of a PT boat must be kept in good condition regardless of operating schedules. Prescribed 25-, 50-, and 100-hour checks, as outlined in the Packard instruction book, must be made.

    Major repairs.--Salt-water corrosion seriously damages engines and increases the cost of overhaul by several thousand dollars per engine. The extent of the damage done may be greatly

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reduced and in some cases eliminated by the proper application of a thin film of Rust Preventative Compound, Grade III, (Tectyl 511). This material is a thin liquid consisting of preservative compounds of the so-called polar type dissolved in naphtha. When applied to metal, it spreads over the surfaces and after evaporation of its volatiles, leaves a tenacious moisture-resisting film. This compound also has the property of displacing water from contact with metal surfaces.

As soon as possible after an engine has been immersed it should be treated as follows:

  1. The lubricating oil tank should be filled with compound and it should be circulated through the lubricating oil system by turning the engine over, either with the starter or by hand.

  2. The spark plugs should be removed and the cylinders slushed with compound. The engines should be turned over to aid in spreading the compound.

  3. The valve-housing covers should be removed and the valve gear and camshaft slushed.

  4. The flame arrester should be removed and the carburetor and supercharger slushed.

  5. The crankcase should be filled with compound and then drained.

  6. The hand-hole inspection plate on top of reverse gear housing should be removed, the housing filled with compound and then drained.

  7. All accessories and exterior surfaces should be sprayed or painted with compound.

  8. If practicable the engine should be dried with low pressure air. The compound should never be allowed to stand on electric coils because it has a tendency to cause the insulation to swell.

Tectyl 511 may be obtained from Navy Yard, New York, Norfolk, or Mare Island.

If an excess of water comes in contact with a surface treated with this compound, the surface must be re-treated as the compound is soluble in water.

Until regular base facilities for repair and overhaul become available, it is preferable to have major repairs on engines performed at the factory, if possible, especially during the guarantee period of 90 days after delivery. Minor repairs may be accomplished

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by the ship's force or present naval shore establishment units.

When an engine is returned to the factory for overhaul or repair, the following procedure applies:

  1. Exhaust stacks, flanges, and salt water cross-connections are left on the boat.

  2. On wing engines, remove exhaust manifold and plate and install one without a petcock.

  3. Pipes leading from the salt-water manifold are removed and left on the boat.

  4. Temperature units for "oil in," "oil out," and "water out" are removed and left on the boat.

  5. All fresh water piping above fresh water stacks on valve housing are removed and left on the boat.

  6. All piping on fresh water suction is left on the boat.

  7. All of tachometer sending unit except the outside flange remains with the boat.

  8. Booster-coil connecting-wire remains with the boat.

  9. (Elco) Starter solenoid may be taken off new engine and returned with old one (solenoid not used).

    (Higgins) Junction box on top of starter is removed and left on boat.

    (Huckins) Solenoid is used on starter, old one should be removed with engine and a new one installed.

  10. Reverse gear, starter, and generator are returned with old engine.

  11. Oil primer and vacuum lines of copper and elbow on vacuum oil reducer bushing remain on the boat.

  12. Shifting lever remains on the boat.

  13. As rust preventative measures, the following steps are taken using Tectyl 511:

    1. The spark plugs are removed and each cylinder slushed with compound and sprayed with a spray gun. The engine should be jacked over during the operation.

    2. The supercharger shaft vent plug is removed and the compound poured over the supercharger impeller shaft; oil-seal ring-housing assembly.

    3. The valve housing covers are removed and the valve-gear camshaft slushed.

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    1. Spray crankshaft and rods through breather ports on starboard side of engine.

    2. Remove cover plate on reverse-gear housing and spray with compound. Jack engine over several times during operation.

    3. Spray tectyl on all external bare neutral parts.

Broken parts should be labelled and wrapped and secured to the engine. The engine, with engine log attached, is returned in the box in which it was originally shipped from the Packard Motor Co., Detroit, Mich., or a similar box. This shipping is taken care of through the nearest naval supply officer.

The above routine also applies to engines which are to be laid up for any length of time. It applies particularly to Packard 4M-2500 engines, but will also apply to other engines as much as is practicable.

Hull.--In connection with caring for the hull the following points should be observed:

  1. Self bailers should be checked weekly. Bilge bailers should be checked three times a week to see that intake strainers are clean, fittings are tight, the valve works freely, and the anti-siphon hole is open.

  2. Care must be taken not to fall into the habit of painting over instead of cleaning. A complete coat of paint weighs over two hundred pounds and will affect the boat's speed. No painting other than that authorized by the hull officer will be permitted. Bilges should not be painted grey, as this color prevents detection of gas stains which indicate the presence of gas fumes.

  3. All structural casualties, cracks, fractures, etc., should be reported immediately to the hull officer to permit repair before a condition becomes aggravated.

Casualties.--Whenever a machinery casualty occurs, the boat captain will enter details as casualty and repairs effected in deck log N. nav. 140, and engineering log. He will also see that the casualty is entered on machinery history cards and, if main engines, entered also in the main engine log book. He will

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submit immediately to squadron commander, via squadron engineer, a complete report on Report of Machinery Derangement form (see chapter on Reports and Records). He will take all possible steps to repair the casualty as soon as possible.

The squadron engineer will assist the boat captain in the above step and will take all possible steps to see that the casualty does not occur again in the squadron.

Engineering bulletins.--From time to time as engineering developments occur, certain practices will be seen to be advisable in the care and handling of the engines, such practices, precautions, information, and orders as become apparent will be published periodically in MTB Engineering Bulletins. A complete file of these will be kept on each boat and will be read and complied with by the boat captain and all engineering ratings. Engineering routine upkeep and check-off lists will be available to, and frequently checked by, the squadron engineering officer.

E. PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT

The personnel officer shall also be welfare and recreation officer and shall act as assistant to the executive officer. He shall make a continuous effort to familiarize himself with all important official matter on subjects pertaining to personnel.

He shall keep himself informed, insofar as practicable, of the physical capacity, service record, and experience of each man assigned to the squadron, and he will carry out the following duties:

  1. Keep a record of names, rates, special qualifications, and assignments to boats, of all men attached to the squadron, and of particular duties assigned each man.

  2. Prepare and maintain personnel reports and records, and be in charge of the squadron office personnel and files.

  3. Make recommendations regarding the assignment of men for various duties in the squadron.

  4. Receive and prepare recommendations relative to all personnel requests and record and investigate all reports against men in the squadron.

  5. Receive muster reports.

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  1. Interest himself in the general health, welfare, recreation, and contentment of the enlisted personnel; take charge of general educational courses and courses for advancement in rating; advise men as to military, civil, and social rights and privileges.

  2. Have charge of berthing and messing of enlisted personnel.

  3. Be responsible for establishing and maintaining security watches in accordance with the orders of the squadron commander.

The personnel officer will see that orders and regulations regarding the following are publicized and enforced:

  1. Alcoholic beverages.
  2. Cameras.
  3. Discipline.
  4. Emergency drills.
  5. Uniform.
  6. Gambling.
  7. Leave.
  8. Liberty.
  9. Squadron duty lists and watches.
  10. Squadron vehicles.

Depending on the wishes of the squadron commander concerned and the particular circumstances surrounding the squadron, the exact nature of the above orders and regulations are publicized and carried out.

The personnel officer will provide for and supervise the following:

Training.--As in the other specialized branches of the Navy, the proper training of personnel is of great importance in MTB duty. It is likely that the majority of all MTB squadron personnel will be graduates of the MTB Training Center; however, it is important that all personnel who are not graduates, be qualified at the earliest possible date. To qualify new personnel, the personnel officer should arrange a period and course of instruction for the new men, supplying them with adequate instructional material and arranging for qualified PT men to give them practical instruction in the boats.

After a reasonable period of training (4 weeks at least) the personnel officer should have the candidate given a written and practical examination by each department. The examinations

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will be based on the requirements approved by the Bureau of Naval Personnel (a copy of these is included in the appendix). When the candidate(s) pass the examination and are recommended by the squadron commander, they may be considered qualified. The personnel officer should then have an entry made in each man's service record to this effect. No unqualified man should be permitted to wear the MTB insignia until duly qualified. The personnel officer should see that this order is publicized.

Advancement in rating.--One of the most important subjects affecting enlisted morale is advancement in rating. Personnel officers and boat captains should thoroughly familiarize themselves with this subject. In this regard they should study:

Squadron personnel officers should write the Training Division of the Bureau for an adequate supply of course books, progress tests, and general training courses. The course books should be made available to men wishing to study for advancement. They should be taken up, however, during progress test examinations.

In view of the close working relationship of boat captains and their crews, boat captains, as well as the personnel officer, should interest themselves in the details of advancement in rating. Only by knowing the details will they be able to guide and counsel their crews in this important matter.

Athletics.--When operating schedules are not too severe and facilities are available, squadron personnel should be encouraged to participate in voluntary athletics. Good physical condition in PT duty is essential although this fact is not always apparent to those who have never experienced long hours on board a PT in rough weather.

The personnel officer should make the necessary arrangements and provide the facilities for a successful athletic program.

Welfare and recreation fund.--When money becomes available from Ship's Service receipts or from the sale of soft drinks, etc., a welfare and recreation fund should be established. Money in this fund may be used only for the comfort and recreation of the

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enlisted personnel and for no other purpose. This fund should be audited by the stores officer or the disbursing officer if one is attached to the squadron.

Morale

The commanding officer of a ship is explicitly charged with the promotion of a healthy morale. The executive officer is responsible for the efficient administration of all details relating to personnel. The personnel officer of a squadron can greatly assist the squadron commander and executive officer in promoting good morale by keeping the training, health, comfort, and contentment of the enlisted personnel at heart and by efficient administration of personnel problems.

Personnel administration.--Officers with little or no experience in personnel administration should familiarize themselves at the first opportunity with the following specific subjects as they are of recurring importance (the source of information is also given; in each case the publication is the Bureau of Naval Personnel Manual):

  1. The Terms of Reenlistment and Extension of Enlistment (D-1002, 1005, 1006, 1007).

  2. Preparation of Identification Tags (D-2005).

  3. Service Records--Care, Description and Custody of (D-4001, 4002, 4003, 4004).

  4. Continuous Service Certificates--Description of (D-4005).

  5. Report of Personnel (D-4007).

  6. Personnel Accounting (D-4012), the Transfer Book (D-4014), the Ration Book (D-4015).

  7. Service Record---Detailed Instructions--be familiar with but do not commit to memory (D--1021, 4022).

  8. Ratings and Their Abbreviations--memorize (D-5101).

  9. Precedence of Ratings (D-5102).

  10. Distribution of Ratings by Pay Grades--memorize (D-5103).

  11. Advancement in Rating--General (D-5104)--peruse (D-5105, 5304).

  12. Navy Mail Clerk--peruse (D-5305).

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  1. Permanent and Temporary Additions to Pay (D-5326).

  2. Appointments and Promotions--peruse (D-6101, 6225).

  3. Transfers and Details--peruse (D-7001).

  4. Transmittal of Records and List of Records Accompanying Transfers (D-7009).

  5. Pay Accounts--During Transportation, Not Received (D-7012, 7013).

  6. Leave and Liberty (D-7027, 7028).

  7. Unauthorized Absence; Stragglers; Desertion (D-8001, 8002, 8003, 8004).

  8. Marks; Standards Established (D-8020).

  9. Classification of Discharges (D-9101).

  10. Small Stores (consult senior yeoman or storekeeper).

F. STORES DEPARTMENT

The stores officer has the following duties:

  1. He will have cognizance over matters relating to supply and will act as squadron supply officer unless a regular supply officer is attached.

  2. He will be charged with the procurement of all material and will sign all custody receipts to the supply officer to whom supply and storekeeping activities of the squadron are regularly assigned.

  3. He will at all times have information available concerning the amount of unexpended and unobligated portion of allotments .

  4. He will act as representative for the squadron commander in all supply details.

  5. He will order fuel and oil and supervise delivery of the same.

  6. He will maintain, on the duplicate copy of Title B custody records, signed sub-custody receipts for equipage in use in the squadron.

  7. He will survey parts worn out. in .use which are no longer suitable for use as spares. (Requests for survey will be.submitted through him.)

  8. He will be responsible for the cleanliness.and preservation, of MTB storage spaces on the tender and storerooms ashore,

  9. He will not be relieved from his duties as such or detached.

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    Until the squadron supply officer has indicated in writing that all material for which he is held responsible has been signed for by his successor, or otherwise properly accounted for.

  1. He will collect monthly lists of stores and spare parts not on hand and required by the boats for the next three months. These lists will be approved by heads of departments. These lists should permit the stores officer to procure stores in a normal manner and avoid last-minute rushes. It is impossible to obtain many spares and stores on a few days' notice.

  2. He will prepare job orders for repair and overhaul of boats.

  3. He will maintain account of and make reports on status of repair funds.

  4. He will administer and keep account of welfare and recreation fund.

G. COMMISSARY DEPARTMENT

The mission of the commissary department is the efficient administration of the general mess for the health and contentment of the personnel subsisted therein.

The following are the duties and responsibilities of the commissary officer:

  1. The commissary officer is directly responsible to the commanding officer concerning the condition of the mess.

  2. The commissary officer will make all reports to Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, quarterly.

  3. He will keep an accurate file on all reports, orders, provisions ordered and received.

  4. He will approve all orders for provisions (Form No. 48) and sign same before they are mailed to contractors.

  5. He will keep a record of all purchases including name of contractor, contract number, items purchased, amount, and unit cost. This record will be used to check against bills received at the end of each month.

  6. He will require all boat captains operating independently to keep a record of all provisions purchased and received from supply officers afloat and ashore, and submit same to commissary officer at the end of each month. He will also require boat captains to report number of rations claimed for the month including rations furnished officers. Where supplies are secured

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    from a supply officer at a Navy Yard he will require: the boat captains to get an invoice before leaving port.

Whenever possible provisions should be obtained from supply officers. Open purchases are allowed only where no contracts are in force. The consent of the commanding officer is necessary to make open purchases. When they are made, the following signed certificate will be made on dealers bills:

Awarded after competition to the lowest responsible bidder.

Received, inspected, passed. Prices hereon are correct.

Delivered at______________________ Date__________________
  ___________________________
Commanding

An inventory should be taken monthly and upon change of commanding officers. The following statement should be placed on each inventory:

I certify that this inventory covers all provisions actually on board this date and that I hold myself accountable for them.
  ___________________________
Commanding

The following is an inclusive list of commissary forms to be submitted with the quarterly ration record to the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts:

Record   Form
(a) Monthly Ration Record   S&A No. 45
(b) Order and Inspection Report   S&A No. 48
(c) Receipt, Expenditure Invoice   S&A No. 71
(d) Statement of Sales to Mess   S&A No. 332
(e) Survey Request, Report, and Expenditure   S&A No. 154
(f) Monthly Ration Memorandum   S&A No. 27
(g) Certified Inventory of Provisions   S&A No. 143

The commissary officer should get copies of these forms and familiarize himself with them. The Chief Commissary Stewards Training Course Book, Assignment No. 10, gives complete information on these forms and should be studied.

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In addition to the duties and responsibilities outlined above, the commissary officer should also see that:

  1. Commissary personnel wear clean, white uniforms and are personally clean.

  2. Refrigeration and storage spaces, galley equipment, and mess gear are clean and orderly. (Cleanliness of mess gear in the Navy is normally the responsibility of the first lieutenant but in operating MTB squadrons it is customary for the commissary officer to assume this

  3. Satisfactory seating and "chow line" arrangements are made after consultation with the personnel and executive officers.

  4. Hot coffee and sandwiches are available to boats returning from late operations and to men on late working parties.

  5. Watertight, abandon ship rations are issued to the boats.

The commissary department of a motor torpedo boat squadron must be of the highest standard. Unavoidable circumstances such as inadequate base facilities, continual change of bases, irregular hours of operation of boats, etc., require unusual patience and resourcefulness on the part of the commissary department if all hands are to get appetizing and nourishing rations.

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Chapter 3. Safety Precautions and Regulations

It is of vital importance that all hands attached to motor torpedo boat squadrons realize and appreciate the importance of observing all safety precautions and regulations. One careless step may result in the loss of life and the destruction of millions of dollars' worth of fighting equipment. The following safety measures must be rigidly observed and enforced:

  1. Smoking.--

    1. There shall be no smoking on any boat while in a nest or while moored in a harbor.

    2. There shall be no smoking at anytime below decks. The smoking lamp shall be lit only with the boat captain's permission.

    3. There will be no smoking on boats in the war zone at night.

    4. Lighted cigarettes will never be thrown over the side.

    5. Smoking shall not be permitted within 25 feet of a nest of boats.

  2. Fueling.--During fueling, the following precautions shall be observed:

    1. Hoist Baker.

    2. Secure the master load switch.

    3. Two CO2 extinguishers topside near the fuel inlet.

    4. All hands (other than those actually fueling) must be off the boat.

    5. A three-way grounding between the nozzle of the hose and the boat and the truck or fuel pipe.

    6. Fire truck at scene.

    7. Notify all hands in the vicinity that fueling is in progress and post a member of the crew to keep people away from boat during operation.

    8. Avoid filling tanks to overflow point. If tanks overflow the engines should not be lighted off until the wind or tide has carried the gas clear of the hull.

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    1. Avoid any actions generally that might cause sparks.

    2. Do not fuel at night unless absolutely necessary.

    3. Have fire extinguishers permanently available on dock.

    Safety precautions for fueling under way from tender.--

    1. The routine safety precautions always observed in fueling.

    2. No one is permitted on deck except those necessary for fueling.

    3. The personnel actually engaged in fueling the boat must wear life preservers.

    4. Damage to the boat must be prevented by the use of fenders and under no conditions should boat personnel attempt to fend the boat off by hand.

    5. If there are more MTB's which have completed fueling or are standing by to fuel, one should proceed astern of the tender and be prepared to pick up any one who may fall off the boat which is fueling. The others should patrol off the bow of the tender as an antisubmarine screen.

  1. Bonding.--

    1. All broken bonding must be reported to the boat captain promptly and repairs effected immediately.

    2. Bonding is the main safeguard against sparks due to static electricity and therefore the bonding system should be inspected regularly at frequent intervals.

  2. Tetraethyl fumes.--These fumes are highly poisonous and if present in the air in sufficient volume will poison personnel quickly. These fumes are most likely to be present during operation of the mufflers. Therefore, no person will be permitted to sleep in the lazarette of a boat or in any other part that the boat captain may determine to be unsafe from fumes.

  3. Hydrogen gases.--Storage batteries must be properly ventilated to permit normal escape of hydrogen gas. Poorly ventilated batteries cause dangerous gas pressures to develop which may cause a serious explosion.

  4. Firing circuits.--Torpedo-firing circuits must be tested daily before getting under way and a report made to the boat captain to this effect. They should never be tested with a live impulse charge in the chamber.

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  1. Testing gears.--Before making a landing, the helmsman will signal engines in neutral to test for proper functioning of gears. This must be done sufficiently in advance of making a landing to allow time to correct for a "stuck" gear.

  2. Early fueling.--All boats will adhere to a policy of fueling at the earliest possible moment on returning from operations and whenever the boat's fuel supply drops below five-sixths of capacity. Emergencies cannot be met instantly if time has to be taken out for fueling.

  3. Ammunition stowage.--The prescribed stowage plan for ammunition set forth in each squadron must be adhered to. This applies particularly to the stowage of pyrotechnics, detonators, impulse charges, and 20 mm. ammunition. (See Stowage of Ammunition.)

  4. Armament on safe.--When in confined or restricted friendly waters and harbors, boat captains shall see that armament is restored to a "safe" condition. Impulse charges should be removed from chambers; depth charges put on safe; 20 mm. and .50 cal. unloaded. Of course, if attack by enemy aircraft is anticipated, antiaircraft batteries should be kept ready.

  5. Oily rags and cleaning fluids.--Due to the danger of spontaneous combustion, greasy or oily rags will not be stored aboard. This order also applies to inflammable cleaning fluids which should be left at the base.

  6. Dangerous voltages.--The radio transmitter during operation generates dangerous voltages which can produce a severe shock to personnel that may come in contact with the antenna. Personnel should be instructed to keep clear for this reason.

  7. Explosive ammunition.--Before going into action radio antennas and masts should be lowered to prevent detonating 20 mm. shells.

  8. War heads.--If war heads have been hit and ignited by machine gun or other fire the torpedo affected should be, fired or jettisoned instantly.

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Chapter 4. SPARE PARTS

The success of MTBs depends on keeping the boats, guns, and torpedoes all in working condition. Spare parts play a vital role in the achievement of this objective.

Before sailing for outlying bases, new squadrons should see that they have their commissioning allowances filled and, in addition, have any spares or extra equipment that are considered necessary. Commissioning allowances are apt to be inadequate in many respects, and shortages or incomplete items are not likely to be noticed unless particularly careful attention is given this matter by department heads. Every effort should be made to anticipate what spares will be needed over and above allowance lists. In brief, a complete and carefully considered supply of spares should be on hand before sailing. The fortunes of war may very likely make acquisition of spares impossible once a squadron leaves a main source of supply. At best, delivery of spares to distant bases involves considerable time and delay.

When a squadron becomes settled at its new base, one complete set of spares should be made up for each boat and boxed separately in one or two boxes. The advantage of this is that if a squadron or a part of one is suddenly required to move, each boat can load its own spares aboard quickly and expeditiously. Moreover, where concentrated bombing attacks are anticipated there is an obvious advantage to having spares broken down into small compact units that can be easily scattered.

After each boat has gotten its own complete supply of spares segregated, the boat captain should consult department heads and members of his crew as to what spares should be carried on board. The guiding rule should be to take aboard only those spares that can be quickly and easily used under way and that are likely to be needed. Limitations of space and requirements of speed demand that careful judgment and thought be exercised in this matter.

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The following is a suggested list of spares that is considered practical and advisable to carry on board:

Gunnery

  1. One complete set of 20 mm. tools.

  2. Screwdrivers, pliers, mallet.

  3. Torpedo tools nos. 13-14, 227, 141, propeller lock for each tube.

  4. 1 spare Oerlikon barrel.

  5. 1 spare .50 cal. barrel.

  6. Spares for .50 cal.:
      1 driving spring.
      3 firing pins.
      1 firing pin spring.
      1 extractor.

  7. 20 mm. spares:
      1 hammer.
      2 recoil springs.
      1 striker pin.
      1 face plate for breech.

  8. Heavy grease, paint thinner, oil for oil buffer .50 cal., Tectyl, light oil in small amounts.

  9. 100 percent spare shear screws, charging extension.

Engineering

  1. 2 cam-rocker lever-tappet assembly.

  2. 1 fuel pump and gasket.

  3. 1 magneto rubber coupling.

  4. 2 valve springs, inner and outer.

  5. 1 salt-water pump and drive shaft.

  6. 2 exhaust manifold gaskets.

  7. 1 thermal unit.

  8. 1 temperature gage 30°-230°.

  9. 6 spark plugs and gaskets.

  10. 12 nuts, 1/4-28, plain and regular.

  11. 12 nuts, 5/16-24, plain and regular.

  12. 12 nuts, 3/8-24, plain and regular.

  13. 6 nuts, 1/2-20, plain and regular.

  14. 2 pairs valve spring collar key.

  15. 2 valve spring collar, upper.

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  1. 2 valve spring collar, lower.

  2. 1 30" x 36" sheet velumoid gasket material.

  3. 12 universal hose clamps.

  4. 6 shims (for 3836 forward tension reverse gear).

  5. Assortment of lockwashers and flat washers.

  6. 1 roll sponge rubber for water leaks of cylinders.

  7. 2 magneto breaker points.

  8. 1 roll of friction tape.

  9. 1 roll of rubber tape.

  10. 1 coil locking wire.

  11. 2 each size Rayboult sealing rings.

  12. 1 oil pressure gauge.

  13. 2 generator spark plugs.

  14. 1 set generator magneto points.

Radio and Electrical

  1. 300 percent spare fuses.

  2. 100 percent spare vacuum tubes.

  3. 1 spare headphone.

  4. 1 spare microphone.

  5. 4 flashlights.

  6. 200 percent spares of the following bulbs:

    1. Searchlight.

    2. Navigation lights.

    3. Tachometer lights.

    4. Compass lights.

    5. Engineroom panel lights.

  7. Small electrical repair kit.

  8. Emergency antennae.

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Chapter 5. RECORDS AND REPORTS

A. RECORDS

Squadron log.--The squadron log should be kept by the squadron duty officers and checked periodically by the navigation officer. The log should include entries of the following nature:

  1. Weather data (in prescribed place).

  2. Boats present; arrival and departure of same with times.

  3. Results of fire and security inspections.

  4. Air raid alarms, air raids, and all events, of an unusual or significant nature.

  5. Men or officers reporting for duty or transferred to other duty.

  6. Arrival of provisions or stores with statement as to quantity and quality.

  7. Reports of, and times of relief of, sentry watch.

  8. Record of all courts and boards, masts, etc.

  9. Any special information.

Boat logs.--Boat captains are responsible for keeping their logs correct and up to. date. (The navigation officer is required to check logs monthly.) The quartermaster on each boat should keep a rough log notebook so that all entries: can be noted briefly as they occur and then be entered in the regular log at a later time. The following subjects should be entered in each boat's log:

  1. Officers and crew on board and changes in same.

  2. Matériel and personnel casualties.

  3. Emergency drills; air raids; engagements with the enemy; events of unusual significance with times and places.

  4. When under way, a record of major changes of courses, speeds, navigational aids sighted and passed; also a record of other ships and planes sighted and passed with times of same.

  5. Particulars as to injuries or accidents to personnel.

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The following are samples of correct phraseology and entries:

  1. "Moored port side to PT-22 alongside USS Niagara at pier #1 Naval Torpedo Station, Newport, R. I. 0800 Mustered crew on stations, no absentees. 0830 DOOR, W. T., TM1c, USN, left the ship on 5 days' leave. 0905 Under way in company with PT's 24, 36, and 28 for type tactics at sea. 1130 Moored port side to USS Niagara at pier #1, Naval Torpedo Station, Newport, R. I. 1310 Doe, J., QM1c, USN, returned from 6 days' leave. 1330 Commenced fueling. 1425 Completed fueling, received 1,900 gallons 100-octane gasoline from the Shell Oil Co. of New England. 1510 Pursuant to verbal orders. COM MTB RON TWO shifted his Flag from PT-20 to PT-25."

  2. "0830 Commenced replacement of center engine, serial number 777 with spare engine from Packard Motor Car Co. serial number 888."

  3. "DOOR, W. T., QM1c, USN, was sent to sick bay of USS Niagara for treatment of abrasions to right leg suffered as a result of his slipping between the dock and the boat's side. Injury not due to his own misconduct."
    Note---When medical officer has determined full extent of injury, the exact information should be entered in the log.

  4. "1000 Exercised at fire quarters. 1015 Secured from fire quarters."

  5. "1633 Fuel pump on starboard engine broke down. Started hand pump. 1640 Received orders from squadron commander to drop out of formation and replace defective pump. 1715 Repairs effected. Rejoined formation. Breakdown of pump found to have been caused by fractured drive shaft due to misaligned bearing."

  6. "0830 Held quarters for muster followed by squadron commander's inspection of personnel and boats."

File of Notices to Mariners.--A complete file of "Notices to Mariners" will be kept as a quick check as to whether or not the charts are corrected to date. The corrections will be checked in the file as they are made. It is essential to safe navigation that the charts and publications be corrected as soon as the Notices are received.

Chronometer watch error.--The chronometer-watch used on motor torpedo boats cannot be expected to be as accurate as the chronometer of a large ship.

Nevertheless chronometer record books must be kept up and chronometers kept wound by the squadron quartermaster under the supervision of the navigation officer.

PT boats will, from time to time, be required to use celestial navigation, and it is imperative that chronometers be available for extended missions.

Ordnance and ammunition logs.--Each boat captain will maintain an ordnance log divided into four sections: Torpedo, machine guns, smoke generators, and depth charges.

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Under the appropriate part, all pertinent equipment with mark, model, and serial numbers will be listed.

Each part of the log will also list (with dates) repairs made to pertinent equipment, data on torpedoes fired, rounds of ammunition fired from machine guns, smoke screens generated, and parts broken and replaced.

Boat captains will also maintain ammunition logs in which they will show the amount of ammunition received or expended, its caliber, lot number, price, invoice number, date, and from whom it has been received. They will forward to the gunnery officer copies of all receipts and credits invoices on ammunition as soon as they are received.

Torpedo record book.--The torpedo record book bears the same relation to the torpedo as the engine log to the main engines. It is an individual record and remains with the torpedo until the latter is lost or expended.

The boat captain is responsible for a full entry of all adjustments, repairs, firing data, and other information as required by the instructions in the torpedo record book.

Engineering log.--The engineering log for each boat consists of a standard journal-size notebook and engineering log sheets. Entries are made in the log sheets every half hour when under way, or with any major speed change.

The notebook is divided into three sections. The first is a record of hours operated by auxiliaries. The center section (machinery history) is similar to the rough log kept in the engine room of larger ships. It is a running report of all adjustments, repairs, replacements, etc. to -auxiliaries and main engines. The third section lists amounts of fuel and oil received, the dealer, and its octane rating or Navy symbol.

Engineering logs will be kept up to date and available for reference by squadron engineering officer at any time.

Main engine log.--Each main engine will have a log which will remain with it from time of installation until it is declared unfit for further use. All repairs, replacements, and adjustments will be carefully entered.

If engine is removed from the boat for any reason, the log will be wired to it. The factory, navy yard, ship's force, or any other activity which makes repairs, overhauls, or does any

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work on the engines will enter the details of same in his engine log.

MTB engineering bulletins.--A complete file of MTB engineering bulletins will be kept on each boat.

Hull repair records.--Each boat captain will keep a hull repair record. This record will list casualties to, or deficiencies in, the hull of the boat on the left hand half of each page and the corresponding repairs or alterations on the right hand half of the page opposite the proper casualty or deficiency. All items will be properly dated.

Material casualty reports.--When a material casualty occurs it will be reported immediately to the squadron Commander via head of department concerned. Forms for these reports will be made up by the heads of department concerned. In general they will contain the following information:

When any major casualty occurs, details will be entered in deck or engine room log and in machinery history, hull repair record, or ordnance log.

If a major casualty occurs while the boat is on detached duty, the squadron commander will if practicable be notified by despatch.

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Health records.--When facts and circumstances of an injury, disease, or sickness are not entered in the health record of a man, due to absence of a medical officer, a responsible witness (officer, if present) will make a brief but comprehensive report, including responsibility for injury, to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, via the squadron commander. The boat captain will comment on, and endorse this report, and data from it will be entered in the health record of the injured.

Post battle reports.--After combat, a full report will be made to the squadron commander as soon as possible concerning:

  1. Conduct of personnel.

  2. Ship's movements--illustrate with diagrams.

  3. Condition of wind and sea.

  4. Bearing, distance, and outline of any land in sight.

  5. Efficiency of ship and amount of munitions before and after battle.

  6. Action of enemy and damage sustained by him.

  7. Number, disposition, speed, course, and location of enemy after the battle.

  8. Casualties, personnel and material, sustained.

File of squadron orders.--A complete file of all orders to the squadron will be kept on each boat.

Title B custody cards.--Each boat captain will keep a file of Title B custody cards covering all Title B items and signed by members of the crew.

Reports.--The following reports are required as indicated:

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Report By To When made Form
Gunnery department        
Ammunition Boat captain Gunnery officer When received or expended, transferred and on hand July 1. Memorandum.
Annual report small arms target practice Gunnery officer CNO Annually  
Service record of torpedo do Receiver When torpedo is transferred N. Ord. 52.
Ordnance derangement report do BuOrd When occurring Letter.
Navigation department        
Patrol boat log Boat captain BuPers Quarterly N. Nav. 410.
List of confidential charts and other confidential publications of the Hydrographic Office. Naval officer Hydrographic office. Annually N. H. O. 698a.
Census report Personnel officer BuPers 1 Jan Letter.
Dates of receipt orders, travel and reporting in obedience thereto. do do When occuring N. Nav. 17, B Slips.
Leave of absence do BuPers (Copy to officer carrying pay accts.). do N. Nav. 296.
Officers reports, detached or ordered do BuPers do N. Nav. 64.
Stores department        
Fuel report Stores office BuS&A Monthly S&A Form 115.
Welfare and recreation report do do Quarterly N. Nav. 539.
Title "B" inventory Boat captain Stores officer do Memorandum.
Requisition Afloat       S&A Form 44 and 44a.
Commissary department        
Bill, receipts, invoices Boat captains (when operating singly). Commanding officer. On receipt Signed receipts.
Number of rations credited for month Commanding officer. BuS&A Quarterly with S&A 45 S&A Form 27.
Ration record do do Quarterly S&A Form 45.
Communications department        
Quarterly or transfer report do District RPS library. Quarterly or on transfer RPS1.
Registered publications do CNO Quarterly RPSH3.
Movement reports Boat captains and commanding officer. Duty officer and Captain of Yard. When occurring Either orally or by telephone or by Regular Confidential Movement Report-- as the case requires.
      do BuShips.
Engineering department        
Condition of machinery Engineering officer. BuShips Monthly NBS 110.
Engineering performance record do do do NBS 171.
Report on engine auxiliary generator and reverse gear. do do do NBS 172.
Machinery shipment report do Packard Motor Car Co. When occurring NBS 173.
Machinery and hull derangment do BuShips do NBS 174.
Personnel department        
Casualties to personnel Boat captain Squadron commander. When occurring Memorandum.
Roster of officers Personnel officer BuPers Monthly N. Nav. 37.
Report of changes do do Monthly and prior to sailing. N. Nav. 5b.
Report of enlisted personnel do do Monthly (submitted 1st of of month). N. Nav. 25.
Statement of allotment T. E. W. do do Quarterly N. Nav. 539.

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Routine check off lists.--In addition to the above reports the maintenance of the following routine check off lists by boat captains is required as indicated below. Copies of the gunnery forms are appended to Part 2, Gunnery Instructions.

Gunnery Department:

Engineering:

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Chapter 6. STORES

MTB officers, in the course of routine duties, are principally concerned with Title B articles. The expression "nonexpendable" articles for which accountability by individual items is required, means that every item on the allowance list of Title B equipage must have a custodian. This custodian is held responsible for the retention and proper condition of the article. He is, in effect, the guardian of that piece of Government property.

The system of accounting for Title B is based on the Title B card. On this card are spaces to list each article, its index or serial number, other pertinent data as shown, the location when stowed or fixed, and the signature of the custodian.

Upon taking over a boat, or when receiving the allowance list items for a new boat, an MTB officer personally inspects every item and sees that it is in good condition and properly stowed. Then, and only then, should he sign the original card as the custodian of any article. Copies of the cards are retained on board, the originals being kept in files of the squadron stores officer. Thus all such equipment is accounted for at all times. When being relieved, the officer concerned should make certain that his relief signs for all articles on board. The last signature appearing on the original of the card is the one used in fixing responsibility, whether or not the officer is present. It is therefore imperative that a boat captain exercise care in maintaining custody of Title B articles on his boat.

After the original cards have been signed, the officer custodian may then use the copies retained on board to turn over custody to appropriate members of his crew. For example, the quartermaster should take custody of the sextant, chronometers, and navigational instruments. The men who take custody sign the copy of the card in the provided space, and are then responsible to the officer custodian.

In PT boats, an inventory of all Title B equipment will be made by each boat captain once each quarter (within 10 days of

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the first day of quarter) and entered in the deck log (N. Nav 410). A report, in writing, of this inspection and of any articles found to be missing or in unsatisfactory condition, is made to the stores officer by the tenth day after the end of the quarter.

The custody of Title B equipage does not stop with mere prevention of loss. Keeping the articles in proper condition and properly disposing of them when rendered unfit for use are just as important.

The matter of maintenance requires a working knowledge of the procedure for effecting repairs. Should a Title B article be broken or otherwise in need of repair incident to normal use aboard ship, the ship's force should repair it if possible; otherwise it will be necessary to have a work request made up and repair done in the navy yard.

A. NAVY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM (TITLES OF STORES)

In accounting for Government property, the Navy uses certain classifications called Titles. The following is a brief explanation of their meanings as defined in Navy Regulations and in the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts Manual. In addition, since the definitions in Navy Regulations are quite condensed, it is highly advisable to consult the Navy Classification Index and Bureau of Supplies and Accounts Manual when questions arise. Thus the proper title can be ascertained.

Title A includes the original cost or appraised valuation of the ship's hull, machinery and fittings are included, and, in the case of a new ship, every expenditure that may properly be made a direct charge during its original construction. This means that engines, generators, stoves, ice boxes, and other items originally furnished with or built into the vessel are Title A. However, there are some departures from this definition as explained under Title B.

Title B represents the value of those nonexpendable articles of equipage (furniture, guns, equipment which makes a ship serviceable and habitable) on board ship for which accountability by individual items is required. To enlarge upon this definition, these are articles used for ship equipment which are separately furnished after building the ship. For example, one example of Title A is the stove or range furnished. If further stoves of a

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different type are obtained later, they will probably be accounted for as Title B.

Title C covers the operating expenses and cost of maintenance of ships in commission. Among the items included are supplies used in ordinary maintenance, fuel, paints, lumber, cleaning gear, small spare parts, etc. In other words, the money spent in running and maintaining the vessel is usually spent under Title C, except as shown later.

Title D charges may be defined as those incurred in repairs to Title A and B material.

Title K includes all expenditures on Titles A and B for changes and alterations, which are in the nature of improvements to hull and permanent fittings.

Title X embraces all supplies and material (including equipage required for construction, maintenance, and operation of the Naval Establishment) ashore or afloat, which are awaiting issue for use and are not charged to some other title.

Title Z, with which MTB officers are frequently concerned during fitting out or overhaul at yards, includes all articles in process of manufacture. It is, like Title X, a suspense title, used until a final one is assigned. For example, if a Title B item is to be repaired, charges are under Title D. If it is to be made up entirely new as a replacement, Title Z covers the expense while under manufacture. Quite often, new bolts, engine parts, and the like are manufactured under Title Z to effect repairs and then charged to Title D after repairs have been made.

B. ALLOWANCES AND ALLOTMENTS

The following Title B and Title C allowance lists exist for each boat:

Boat captains should have a copy of each of these allowance lists on hand and should requisition any Title B or C equipment in which the boat might be deficient.

If a Title B article which is on the allowance list is lost, broken, stolen, worn out by usage, or otherwise not serviceable, it must

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be surveyed as outlined in the section below under "Surveys" before a replacement can be obtained.

C. REQUISITIONS

When materials are required, a requisition (S & A Form 44) is used. When prepared by the stores officer and approved by the squadron commander and head of department it becomes the authority for the supply department to procure and issue the material. Some material such as ammunition, is procured by letter but only as specifically directed by the cognizant Bureau.

The preparation of requisitions in general is as follows:

  1. Requisitions are numbered serially throughout the fiscal year commencing with one, on the 1st of July each year. A separate series for each squadron is maintained for the Bureau of Ships (NSA Quarterly Allotment) and for the Bureau of Ordnance. The number is usually followed by the year, as 4-43 for the fourth requisition of the fiscal year 1943. Each boat, before going on detached duty, will be assigned a group of requisition numbers in order to avoid duplication of numbers.

  2. One requisition shall embrace material under only one appropriation and one title. That is, Title B and Title 0 should not be on the same requisition, nor should Title B under the Bureau of Ordnance and Title B under the Bureau of Ships be on the same requisition.

  3. The following data are to be indicated on all requisitions:

    1. Bureau.

    2. Accounting number and name of appropriation.

    3. Title of material.
      Title C--Operating expenses of boat (expendable stores).
      Title D--All repairs to Title A material.
      Title K--All alterations.
      Title B--Nonexpendable articles of equipage.

    4. Name of squadron.

    5. Purpose for which, material is required.

    6. Arrangement of items:

      1. By dates of desired delivery.

      2. Under each date group, alphabetically by classes.

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      1. Number items consecutively without regard to classes, in left hand margin.

    1. Complete description (refer to standard Navy specifications where possible). If no standard specifications are available, use most complete description possible to insure procurement of exactly what is needed.

    2. Whether the requisition is "in excess" or "not in excess":

      1. All nonstandard material (not in Federal Standard Stock Catalogue) is "in excess."

      2. Standard material not on the allowance list, or a greater amount than is on allowance list, is also "in excess."

    3. Estimated cost.

    4. Time and place of delivery.

  1. Requisitions will not be prepared unless funds are available to cover the expenditure, nor will they be prepared by other than the squadron stores officer when the squadron is together. If a boat is on detached duty, the boat captain is authorized to prepare, sign for, and draw material that is absolutely essential. In this case, a copy of the requisition showing amount expended should be sent to the squadron stores officer immediately.

    Care must always be taken not to over-expend the allotment. In emergencies, if allotments are exhausted, additional allotments may be requested from the next senior in the chain of command above the squadron commander.

D. SURVEYS

Whenever the condemnation, appraisal, disposition, or expenditure of naval property becomes necessary, a survey shall be held.

  1. A formal survey shall be made for:

    1. Lost or missing articles of ship's equipage when the value of the articles or total of identical articles exceeds $100.

    2. Certain special items designated by the various bureaus.

    3. When specifically ordered by the squadron commander.

    An informal survey will be made in all other cases.

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  1. When it becomes necessary to survey an article on a PT boat, the boat captain shall prepare a Survey Request on Bu. S&A Form 154 which shall be forwarded to the head of the department concerned.

  2. If a formal survey is not required, the head of department shall himself make the survey in the same manner as a surveying officer whose duties are shown below. If a formal survey is required, the head of department shall appoint some officer other than the head of department or the officer on whose books the article is carried, to act as surveying officer. Whenever circumstances warrant such action, and in all cases where the value of the missing or damaged articles exceeds $100, a board of three officers shall be appointed.

  3. In cases where the boat is detached from the squadron, the boat captain shall not send the survey request to the head of department but shall himself survey the article and send the report for review to the squadron commander via the head of department, unless a formal survey is necessary, in which case action shall be delayed until the boat joins the squadron.

  4. The surveying officer(s) or head of department (if it is not a formal survey) shall make a thorough inspection of the articles to determine their conditions at time of survey, or, if missing, a thorough examination of the circumstances attending the loss, and he (they) shall, if possible, fix the cause and responsibility for the damaged condition or loss. He (they) shall appraise the value of articles when the invoice price is unobtainable or when the invoice price is not present value. Specific recommendation as to disposition shall always be made. Disposition may be: repair, burn, expend, throw overboard, salvage usable parts, turn into store, or exchange in part payment for new equipment.

    Upon being signed by the head of department in informal surveys, the Bu. S&A Form 154 becomes a survey report, and the original and all copies are sent to squadron commander for review.

  5. If the reviewing officer does not approve of certain recommendations made by the surveying officer, he shall eliminate such articles from the report. These items shall be covered by a new form prepared in the same manner as if on an original request.

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  1. In the following eases, the approval of the cognizant Bureau must be obtained before any further action is taken:

    1. When the reviewing officer does not approve the recommendation of the surveying officer.

    2. When major items have been recommended by the commanding officer of repair ship to be used in making repairs afloat.

    3. When sale has been recommended.

      In these cases, disposition will be carried out only when approval or specific orders are received from the Bureau concerned. In all other cases, the officer on whose books the article is carried may proceed with the disposition upon receiving the original approved report from the squadron commander. The survey is used as the transfer or expenditure invoice.

  2. Procedure.

    1. The boat captain shall prepare the original and seven copies of the survey request on Bu. S&A Form 154 and shall retain one copy as will the head of department. The original and remaining copies shall be used by the surveying officer in making the survey report, and all shall be sent to the squadron commander for review.

    2. When the approval of the Bureau is required, it shall be supplied with the original and one copy. When sale has been recommended, the original and two copies are necessary. When the Bureau has returned the report with its approval, the officer who will make the expenditure will be given the original and at least three copies.

    3. The remaining copies shall be distributed according to the local custom in the district and yard in which the survey is held.

Requisitioning fuel.--Under normal conditions, when all boats are assembled in one locality, the purchase of fuel will be handled by the squadron stores officer. However, when a boat is operating independently it may be necessary for a boat captain to place the order himself.

Gasoline is supplied to the Navy by the lowest bidder in a given locality. The Bureau of Supplies and Accounts publishes a quarterly bulletin showing the various successful bidders.

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PT boats require 100 octane gasoline for maximum power output, although 92 octane may be used successfully if 100 octane is not obtainable. Gasoline with an octane rating of less than 87 should never be used in the main engines. One gasoline company may hold a contract for 100 octane gasoline while another may hold the contract for 92 octane.

High-test gasoline cannot be obtained in all ports. Therefore arrangements should be made well in advance for the accumulation of the required fuel at ports where refueling will be necessary. 100 octane gasoline can usually be obtained upon short notice in ports where Government air activities are located.

Upon arrival in a port where gasoline is to be obtained, the commercial firm holding a Government contract should be contacted and the order placed in the name of the squadron. If at a navy yard, the order should be placed through the supply officer.

When delivery has been completed, a copy of the delivery receipt should be obtained and forwarded immediately to the squadron stores officer.

After an order has been placed for delivery at a given time and a given place, every endeavor should be made to be prepared to receive it as ordered. If unforeseen circumstances arise which will not permit the reception of the fuel, the contractor should be notified immediately, so that he may not unnecessarily tie up his equipment.

Lubrication oil is furnished the Navy by contractors who hold the contract for the period of one year. Usually the required oil may be obtained direct from the supply officer of a navy yard or the supply officer attached to another naval activity. However, the contractor will furnish the oil promptly when ordered.

Letting of bids.--There is no authority for purchasing without a contract, except in the case of a military emergency. In that case, when no naval activities or supply officers are near enough to be available and no contract bulletins are in effect in the locality, open purchase may be resorted to. This is an emergency measure only and is not to be used to circumvent the usual procurement methods.

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Chapter 7. REFERENCE MATERIAL

Although it is virtually impossible to remember all of the detailed orders and instructions of the various bureaus of the Navy, an officer can efficiently carry out his administrative duties if he knows which publications and letters are available for ready reference and how to use them; therefore, it is essential that he should learn where the desired information may be obtained.

United States Nary Regulations

All naval personnel should be familiar with and must comply with the United States Navy Regulations. These regulations set forth the duties, responsibilities, authority, distinctions, and relationship to each other of the various bureaus, offices, and individual officers. In general, Navy Regulations cover matters pertaining to the Navy as a whole, coordinating the efforts of officers or persons in the naval establishment, and coordinating the Navy's transactions with other Government or private agencies.

All officers should read Chapter 22 of U.S. Navy Regulations and become familiar with the duties of a commanding officer as set forth therein. Chapter 52 of U.S. Navy Regulations should be referred to for all matters pertaining to correspondence, and all officers and radiomen (who act as yeomen on boats on detached duty) should be especially familiar with the procedure and forms outlined therein. Official letters from any officer in the squadron to an outside officer or activity should be sent via the squadron commander.

The Navy Department Publications

Each Bureau of the Navy has its own manual which contains information about requirements of that Bureau, inspection of material finder its cognizance, and other information concerning that Bureau.

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General Orders include all orders of permanent or temporary-application addressed to the naval service: ceremonial orders, commendation of persons in the service, and similar matters not affecting the Navy Regulations.

Uniform Regulations include all regulations and instructions relative to the uniforms of all persons in the Navy and Marine Corps.

Filing Manual describes and provides for a standardized filing system for the Navy and is of particular value in learning how to look up correspondence.

Communication Instructions, published by the Chief of Naval Operations (Director of Naval Communications), contains the general orders and information necessary for intelligent operation and understanding of the Navy's communication system and procedures. The Movement Report System is explained fully in the Communication Instructions.

A few of the headings of the chapters in the Communication Instructions will serve to give an idea of its contents.

  1. Duties of Communications Officers.
  2. Security.
  3. Messages and drafting.
  4. Direction-finder service.
  5. Procedure.
  6. Call signs.
  7. Semaphore and wig-wag.
  8. Flag hoists.
  9. Tolls.
  10. Abbreviations.
  11. Radio telegraph and telephone.
  12. Flashing light.

This is not a complete list.

Communication Circular Letters contain all special temporary instructions for handling communications, communication personnel, reports, etc. Communication Circular Letter 6-41 contains the allowance of nonregistered (restricted) publications of a PT boat (radio signals, flag signals, international codes Berne lists, etc.) These should be requested and kept corrected, up to date.

Registered Publications are issued by the Registered Publications

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Section under the classification of Secret or Confidential, depending upon the nature of the material contained therein (see Communication chapter). These publications must be kept in a safe when not in use.

The communication officer is the custodian of all these publications and never issues one unless he receives, in return, a signed custody receipt. Loss or divulgence of secret or confidential material is punishable as a General Court Martial may direct. All officers attached to the motor torpedo boat squadrons should familiarize themselves with Article 75 1/2 U.S. Navy Regulations which deals with the proper handling of classified matter.

Bureau of Naval Personnel Manual covers matters pertaining to personnel, both Regular and Reserve, advancements in rating, promotions, general training, Naval Observatory, libraries, and navigational equipment and publications.

Bureau of Naval Personnel Circular Letters are temporary orders and instructions concerning Navy personnel. They are listed in letter form. The Bureau compiles these letters into a pamphlet, at which time superseded letters are canceled or revised.

Bureau of Naval Personnel Bulletins are pamphlets, published monthly, containing personnel items which might be of interest to naval personnel. To quote the Bureau these are--"Published for the purpose of disseminating general information of probable interest to the service."

The Year Book of Enlisted Training is concerned with the training of men for advancement in rating. The training courses available are listed therein.

The Navy Register is a list of the commissioned and warrant officers of the Navy and Marine Corps, both active and retired. It is in book form and includes the signal number of officer.

The Navy Directory (Confidential) lists the place of duty of all officers (Regulars and Reserves on active duty) of the Navy and Marine Corps and the place of residence of all retired Regular Officers of the Navy and Marine Corps. It lists active officers in groups in the same ship or at the same station.

Naval Reserve Register gives information regarding all commissioned Reserve officers, particularly date of rank, class of commission, etc.

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The Bureau of Ordnance Manual contains the following: general ordnance information and information on: reports and returns, guns and attachments, machine guns, small arms, fire control and optics, explosives, ammunition, turrets, broadside mounts, antiaircraft mounts, handling and stowage of ammunition and explosives, torpedoes and torpedo equipment, torpedo tubes, mines, depth charges, nets, and ordnance safety precautions.

Bureau of Ordnance Circular Letters contain special instructions and temporary orders on the subjects listed above under the Bureau of Ordnance Manual.

Bureau of Ordnance Pamphlets contain detailed instructions and drawings for operation, dismantling, assembling, and adjustment of the individual pieces of material and equipment. These and Bureau of Ordnance Circular Letters and indexes for all of them may be secured upon request from the Naval Gun Factory, Washington, D. C.

The Bureau of Construction and Repair Manual describes the following: care and preservation of vessels, experiments, towage, and handling of inflammable materials, gas warfare, rescue breathing apparatus, fire-fighting apparatus, boat instructions, ground tackle, and painting instructions. This manual is concerned mainly with the hull of the ship and its fittings.

The Manual of Engineering Instructions is a comprehensive publication covering all matters pertaining to marine engineering plants and good engineering practice. It is divided into sections which thoroughly describe one phase of engineering such as boilers, fuels, power boat engines, or main engines (turbines, steam reciprocating engines, diesels, and lubricating systems). The precautions for safe operation of all equipment and machinery under cognizance of the Bureau of Ships (Engineering) may be found in M. E. I., and all officers responsible for the operation of machinery should familiarize themselves with this publication.

The Bureau of Aeronautics Manual contains detailed instructions for operation of aircraft and aircraft machinery and equipment, and handling and reporting of material casualties to aircraft.

The Bureau of Supplies and Accounts Manual gives detailed instructions concerning the methods of procuring and accounting

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for stores, money, and equipment under all titles. It also gives detailed method, of making surveys and handling general mess accounts. This manual is highly technical and therefore the most difficult one from which to obtain the desired information. If unable to interpret it, consult an officer of the Supply Corps.

The Bureau of Supplies and Accounts Memoranda includes temporary orders and special interpretations of the SandA Manual. They include examples of purchasing and finance which have arisen in the past, giving the Comptroller General's decisions in each example.

The Manual of the Medical Department deals with promotions of medical personnel, duties of medical personnel ashore and afloat, physical examinations, hospitals, health records, sanitation, quarantine reports and all other matters relating to the personnel and material of the Medical and Dental Corps.

The Bureau of Yards and Docks Manual deals with operations, internal organization, construction, operating expenses, etc., of navy yards and bases.

Naval Courts and Boards includes the instructions governing the procedure of naval courts and boards. This publication is the principal reference book for a summary court martial recorder and a deck court officer and should be studied by all young officers.

Court Martial Orders are published frequently for the information of the naval service. They give a summary of the various courts held and record decisions made by various legal authorities in the Navy. These records serve as a guide for subsequent courts-martial. In connection with these orders an index-digest of the orders of the year is published annually. C. M. O. are the secondary reference for S. C. M. recorders.

In addition to the numerous publications, letters, manuals distributed by the Navy Department and its bureaus, commanders of units afloat issue regulations, orders, instructions, and so forth, which must be carried out. For training purposes, all vessels of the Navy not attached to a naval district are subject to the orders of the Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet.

All the above publications may be obtained from the various bureaus on request. General Orders, Uniform Regulations and the Filing Manual are obtained from the Bureau of Personnel.

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APPENDIX 1

  Page
Examinations for qualification for MTB duty 60-63
Sample watch, quarter, and station bill 64-65
First-aid equipment for each boat 66-67

EXAMINATION FOR QUALIFICATION FOR MOTOR TORPEDO BOAT DUTY

I. Gunnery

  1. Practical factors.--

    1. Field strip and make adjustments to:

      1. 20-mm. machine gun.

      2. 50-cal. machine gun.

      3. Thompson submachine gun.

      4. Springfield rifle.

      5. 45-cal. pistol.

    2. a. Point, train, load, and fire above weapons.

      1. Demonstrate knowledge of correct positions for firing.

    3. Estimate target angle and speed, either from actual ship or model and set up the MTB's torpedo director.

    4. Demonstrate, with an actual depth charge, knowledge of how to prepare it for firing and launching.

    5. Demonstrate working knowledge of a smoke screen generator.

    6. Demonstrate ability to train torpedo tube out, prepare it for firing, and fire by percussion.

    7. Make any preliminary or final adjustment on a torpedo (officers, GM, TM, and GM and TM strikers only).

  2. Written examinations.--

    1. Thorough knowledge of below listed weapons, particularly in regard to accurate firing and safety precautions:

      1. 20-mm. machine gun.

      2. 50-cal. machine gun.

      3. Thompson submachine gun.

      4. Springfield rifle.

      5. 45-cal. pistol.

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    1. Motor Torpedo Boat Tactics and torpedo control, including flag signals (officers, advanced knowledge; enlisted personnel, elementary knowledge).

    2. Thorough knowledge of torpedoes and depth charges (officers, GM, TM, and GM and TM strikers only).

    3. Thorough knowledge of routine maintenance of torpedoes, guns, and explosives (officers, GM, TM, and TM strikers only).

    II. Seamanship and Navigation

    1. Practical factors.--

      1. Get under way from the dock and make a landing.

      2. Plot, satisfactorily, a 100-mile cruise on a chart in coastal waters, noting compass courses to be steered.

      3. Take a star sight, identify star, and work out for line of position (sun sight if no opportunity exists for taking star sights)--officers only.

      4. Demonstrate how to tow another PT boat.

      5. Anchor a PT boat.

      6. Handle a boat in a rough sea.

      7. Demonstrate how to fuel underway from a tender.

      8. Demonstrate ability to handle fenders, lines, and make necessary knots.

      9. Use hand lead.

    2. Written examination.--

      1. Piloting (officers, QM and QM strikers, advanced; all others elementary).

      2. Celestial navigation (officers only).

      3. Rules of the Road (including thorough understanding of wake damage)--officers, QM, and QM strikers, advanced; all others, elementary.

      4. Deck logs, particularly in regard to navigational records (officers, QM, and QM strikers, advanced; all others, elementary).

      5. Safety precautions, handling emergencies and watches.

    III. Communications

    1. Practical factors.--

      1. Set up and operate radio on a PT, including changing frequency.

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    1. Operate radio direction finder; actually get accurate bearings.

    2. Send and receive, at below speeds, by semaphore, blinker, and radio telegraphy:

      Rank or rating Semaphore Blinker Radio telegraphy
      Officers 8 8 10.
      Quartermasters 10 10 10.
      Radiomen 8 10 20.
      All others 6 Alphabet Alphabet.

    3. Demonstrate working knowledge of electrical installations in PT's (officers, RM, and RM strikers, advanced; all others elementary).

    4. Demonstrate ability to operate Very's and pyrotechnic pistols.

  1. Written examinations.--

    1. Phonetic equivalents of the alphabet.

    2. Voice radio and semaphore procedure (officers, QM, and QM strikers, advanced semaphore procedure; all others, elementary semaphore procedure).

    3. Radio telegraphy procedure (officers, RM, and RM strikers only).

    4. Electrical installations in PTs (officers, RM, and RM strikers, advanced; all others, elementary).

    5. Thorough knowledge of international flags.

    6. Recognition and emergency identification signals.

    7. Security.

IV. Engineering

  1. Practical factors.--

    1. Start, operate, and secure engines and auxiliary machinery. Demonstrate knowledge of proper instrument readings, proper engine room temperature control when starting.

    2. Start and secure auxiliary generator. Demonstrate knowledge of proper instrument readings.

    3. Demonstrate knowledge of procedure and safety precautions to be followed in fueling.

    4. Demonstrate detailed knowledge of maintenance upkeep, and handling of casualties (officers and engineering ratings only).

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    1. Demonstrate thorough understanding of dry docking of a PT boat.

  1. Written examination.--

    1. Thorough knowledge of the hull.

V. Miscellaneous

  1. Practical factors.--

    1. Demonstrate thorough knowledge of first aid.

    2. Pass "Class A" swimming test.

  2. Written examination.--

    1. First aid.

    2. Motor torpedo boat squadrons doctrine.

-63---

Name or rating General quarters Getting underway--station and reports Anchoring Mooring Cleaning
Attack Defense Fire
Capt Conn; torpedo control. Conn Conn        
Exec Wheel and throttles. Wheel and throttles. In charge at scene.        
GM Port tubes or D. C. 20-mm Remove ammunition from scene of fire. Lines forward; ammunition on board. Guns OK. Stand by anchor Lines forward, Topside guns and ammunition.
TM Starboard tubes or D. C. smoke generator. Smoke generator; 20-mm Set D. C.'s on safe and jettison on order. Lines forward; impulse charges on board. Torp. and tubes OK. do do Tubes, D. C.'s and topside.
QM Navigation (stand by to relieve wheel). Navigation Hand CO2 bottles. Fenders forward; shift colors; steering gear, lights tested; charts on hand. At night: Blackouts boat.     Bridge and deck house.
RM Radio Radio Cut load switch Radio; radio operative, batteries chg., recog. sig. and codes on hand. Captain of yard or D. O. notified of departure.   Fenders. Radio shack and tank compartment.
MM Engineroom Engine room Trip Lux release by hand on order. Engine room. Fuel, engine OK.     Engine room and lazarette.
MM Port .50 cal. Port .50-cal. CO2 bottles at fire. Engine room.     Do.
MM Starboard .50 cal. Starboard .50-cal. Rubber boat; CO2 if moor. Lines and fenders aft Stand by anchor. Lines aft. Passageway and forepeak.
SC 20 mm 20-mm Blankets and mattress. Food, fresh water. Water tight integrity, OK do do Galley and crews compartment.
Sea 20 mm Ammunition, .50-cal. Hand CO2 bottle     Fenders. Crews compartment and head.

--64--

CONDITION TWO

Station Port watch Starboard watch
Bridge Captain Executive officer.
Helm Radioman Quartermaster.
Port lookout and M. G. Ship's cook Torpedoman.
Starboard lookout and M. G. Gunner's mate Engineer.
Engine room Engineer Do.
20-mm Seaman Man from base if one is available.

Condition Two will be used for war cruising when it is not necessary to keep all hands at their General Quarters stations. When cruising in the combat zone, either Condition Two or General Quarters should be maintained at all times.

--65--

FIRST-AID EQUIPMENT (FOR TORPEDO BOATS)

[Stock No. S2-1365 (modified)]
Stock No. Item title Unit Quantity Remarks
1-410 Jelly of tannic acid 4-ounce tube 4 Apply over burned or scalded areas of body; apply gauze dressing.
1-495 Morphine tartrate 0.032 gms., 1 1/2cc. tube with sterile needle. 5 in package 1 Clean site, inject under skin of arm or leg to relieve pain in severe injury or burn.
1-885 Spirits of ammonia, tube and paper cup. 4 in package 1 Stimulant--give contents of tube in cup of water for fainting, inhalations for collapse.
1-975 Acid, acetylsalicylic 0.324 100 bottles 1 ASPIRIN--for headache, sore throat, fever; 1-2 tablets.
1-1015 Extract of cascara sagrada, 0.259 gms. 100 bottles 1 DO NOT USE IF COMPLAINING OF ABDOMINAL PAIN. Mild laxative; 1-2 tablets.
1-1185 Tincture of iodine, mild; 10 cc. applicator vial. 3 in 1 POISON! Antidote: Starch or flour in water. Apply to wounds with vial applicator.
2-060 Bandage compress, 2-inch 4 in package 2 For wounds--do not touch inside of pack.
2-065 Bandage compress, 4-inch 1 in package 4 Do.
2-130 Bandage, triangular, compressed 1 2 For use as arm sling, tourniquet, or to retain dressings in place.
2-135 Bath, eye 1 1 To use with boric acid solution as eyewash.
2-350 Cotton, absorbent, compressed 1 ounce package 2 Use as padding for splints.
2-390 Dressing, battle, large 1 2 For large wounds--do not touch inside of dressing.
2-395 Dressing, battle, small 1 4 Do.
2-420 Gauze, plain 5-yard package 1 For dressing wounds after applying antiseptic.
2-835 Plaster, adhesive, 2 inches by 5 yards Spool 1 For securing dressings.
2-1310 Tourniquet, web Package 10 For immediate temporary control of bleeding. Loosen every 15 minutes; then reapply if still bleeding.
2-970 Splint, wire mesh for, 5 by 36 inches Piece 1 To splint fractures.
4-970 Shears, 6-inch 1 1 For cutting bandages.
S1-2290 Brandy, U. S. P. 2 ounces in bottle 10 in carton 1 To be used as medication after exposure to cold and wet.
S1-3813 Sulfanilamide, powdered (for tropical application), 5-gm. pack. 25 in package 1 Apply contents of pack directly to wound as directed on package.
S2-920 Dressing, gauze and adhesive plaster 1 by 3. 100 box 1/4 For small cuts.
  Basque wood splints 18 by 3 1/2 inches   6 Supporting broken bone.
  Wood splints 54 by 4 by 1/2 inch   4 Do.
1-745 Sodium bicarbonate 1 pound carton 1 For upset condition of stomach.

--66/67--

Cartoon: Sailors on tiny island
You Know Captain, I'm Beginning to Doubt My Noon Position, Too

--68--

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