Article 112 of triangle.gardens:
Newsgroups: triangle.gardens
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From: sasdmh@hiker.unx.sas.com (David Hall)
Subject:  2,4-D and Dogs
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I got this off the CANINE-L listserve.  Thought it might be of interest
to those of you with dogs.  Can anyone verify this report?  (Makes me
glad I went "organic" years ago!)

>Subject:      Cancer-causing weed killer (repost from obed)
>To: Multiple recipients of list CANINE-L <CANINE-L@psuvm.psu.edu>
>Status: OR

>From: xx660@medina.CWRU.EDU

>  Cancer-causing weed killer.

>   Researchers from the National Cancer Institute have found a link
>   between a widely used lawn chemical and a form of cancer in dogs.

>   The researchers compared the home environments of 500 dogs with
>   malignant lymphoma with those of healthy canines. Dogs with
>   cancer were more likely to have played in yards where the
>   grass had been treated with the herbicide 2,4-D.

>   Previous studies have shown increases in non-Hodgkin's
>   lymphoma among farmers who use this weed killer.

>--
> Transmitted by Medina Kennel Club Special Interest Group on
> Medina County Freenet System.  xx660@medina.freenet.edu
> SysOp, Linda DeFoor. Co-SysOp Chris Schnitz, Claudette Confer, Bob Combs.
> At the prompt type   Go Dog.   Thank you for visiting our Sig.




Article 776 of alt.sustainable.agriculture:
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From: klier@iscsvax.uni.edu
Newsgroups: alt.sustainable.agriculture,rec.gardens,misc.rural
Subject: Re: 2,4-D and Dogs
Message-ID: <1993May10.143442.13071@iscsvax.uni.edu>
Date: 10 May 93 14:34:42 -0600
References: <C6nsI1.3CF@unx.sas.com> <1993May8.015356.22345@samba.oit.unc.edu>
Organization: University of Northern Iowa
Lines: 15

In article <1993May8.015356.22345@samba.oit.unc.edu>, london@sunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London) writes:
> In article <C6nsI1.3CF@unx.sas.com> sasdmh@hiker.unx.sas.com 
> I got this off the CANINE-L listserve.  Thought it might be of interest
> to those of you with dogs.  Can anyone verify this report?  (Makes me
> glad I went "organic" years ago!)
>>   Previous studies have shown increases in non-Hodgkin's
>>   lymphoma among farmers who use this weed killer [2,4-D].

Can't comment on the dog studies, but I do know that there have been a
number of studies confirming high use of commercial 2-4-D preparations
and higher rates of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in farmers.   The only study 
I recall on farmers' families who were not handling concentrated 2,4-D 
showed no really strong link to any cancers.

Kay Klier  Biology Dept  UNI


Article 779 of alt.sustainable.agriculture:
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From: Richard Clapp <rclapp@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: alt.sustainable.agriculture
Date: 10 May 93 07:45 PDT
Subject: Re: 2,4-D and Dogs
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Following is the bibliographic information and the abstract of the
study in questions:

Hayes HM, Tarone RE, Cantor KP, Jessen CR, McCurnin DM, and
Richard RC.  "Case-control study of canine malignant lymphoma:
positive association with dog owner's use of
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides."  Journal of the
National Cancer Institute (JNCI), 83(17): 1226-1231.  September 4,
1991.

Three of the authors are from NCI; the others are from colleges of
veterinary medicine (Minnesota, Colorado, Purdue).

"A hospital-based case-control study of companion dogs examined
the risk of developing canine malignant lymphoma associated with
the use of chemicals in and about the home.  Information from a
self-administered owner questionnaire and/or a telephone interview
of about 491 cases, 466 nontumor controls, and 479 tumor controls
indicated that owners in households with dogs that developed
malignant lymphoma applied 2,4-D herbicides to their lawn and/or
employed commercial lawn care companies to treat their yard
significantly more frequently than control owners (odds ratio =
1.3).  In addition, the risk of canine malignant lymphoma rose to
a twofold excess with four or more yearly owner applications of
2,4-D.  The findings in this study are consistent with
occupational studies in humans, which have reported modest
associations between agriculture exposure to 2,4-D and increased
risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the histology and epidemiology of
which are similar to those of canine malignant lymphoma.  The
present study suggests that human health implications of 2,4-D
exposure in the home environment should receive further
investigation."

-------------------------------------

Incidentally, 2,4-D is known to be contaminated with several
dioxins.  Dioxin is not only a carcinogen, but has serious effects
on the immune system, and on reproduction and development.  There
is an extensive literature on the subject, not only on lymphoma
but on other cancers as well.  In dogs, a study of military dogs
in Vietnam showed an excess of testicular cancer, presumably due
to exposure to the herbicide Agent Orange (contaminated with
dioxin).

We have on file hundreds of articles on effects on humans of
various pesticides.  A recent study of particular interest is the
following:

Davis JR, Brownson RC, Garcia R, Bentz BJ and Turner A.  "Family
pesticide use and childhood brain cancer."  Archives of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 24: 87-92, 1993.

"The relationship between family pesticide use and childhood brain
cancer was examined in a case control-study.  Telephone interviews
were conducted from June 1989 through March 1990 with the natural
mothers of 45 childhood brain cancer cases, 85 friend controls,
and 108 cancer controls.  In comparisons to friend controls,
significant positive associations were observed for use of
pesticides to control nuisance pests in the home, no-pest strips
in the home, pesticide to control termites, Kwell shampoo, flea
collars on pests, diazinon in the garden or orchard, and
herbicides to control weeds in the yard.  In general, positive
associations in comparisons to one control group were supported by
elevated odds ratios in comparisons to the other control group.
Several potentially important associations were identified in this
study."

Mary Firestone

JSI Center for Environmental Health Studies

210 Lincoln Street

Boston, MA  02111

E-mail: rclapp@igc.org

Phone: (617) 482-9485

FAX: (617) 482-0617



Article 780 of alt.sustainable.agriculture:
Newsgroups: alt.sustainable.agriculture
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From: behlert@nyx.cs.du.edu (Brian Ehlert)
Subject: Re: 2,4-D and Dogs
Message-ID: <1993May11.121310.2912@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu>
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References: <1993May8.015356.22345@samba.oit.> <1738700007@igc.apc.org>
Date: Tue, 11 May 93 12:13:10 GMT
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one note:

In any of these studies about 2,4-D and dogs  the ownsers with the higher
rates of lymphoma let their dogs run on the wet grass.  The key word is
WET.  Either soon after treatment or early in the morning soon after
treatment.

2,4-D is a very effective plant growth regulator when used properly and
that is the key.  The public tends to assume a lot of things about
pesticides, both good and bad.  But the average american homeowner mind
set is that if a little is good, more is better.  It is a lack of
education on EVERYONES part.

- Bri




