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[SANET-MG] goat human chimera
In Greek mythology the Chimera was a fire-breathing creature represented
as a composite of a lion, goat, and serpent.
Pan was half goat half man who lived in the forests of Arcadia
surrounded by satyrs and maenads. He was a fertility god, protecting the
fields, woods, shepherds and goatherds. He was believed to make he goats
pregnant.
Humanized goats enter the pantheon of humanized pigs, before much longer
we will have to lay ground rules for cannibalism. Hugo stew and hupo
chops may follow the first course , soylent green at a nearby Dahmer
restaurant ? Things are proceeding at breakneck speed , organic may be
the last refuge against cannibalism.
Published online before print May 8, 2006
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 10.1073/pnas.0602646103
Multiorgan engraftment and differentiation of human cord blood CD34+Lin-
cells in goats assessed by gene expression profiling
Fanyi Zeng *, Mei-jue Chen *, Don A. Baldwin , Zhi-juan Gong *, Jing-bin
Yan *, Hui Qian *, Juan Wang *, Xiaoyan Jiang *, Zhao-rui Ren *, Deming
Sun *, and Shu-zhen Huang *¶
*Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 24/1400 West Beijing Road, Shanghai
200040, People's Republic of China; Penn Microarray Facility, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and Terry Fox Laboratory,
British Columbia Cancer Agency and Department of Medical Genetics,
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
To investigate multitissue engraftment of human primitive hematopoietic
cells and their differentiation in goats, human CD34+Lin- cord blood
cells transduced with a GFP vector were transplanted into fetal goats at
45-55 days of gestation. GFP+ cells were detected in hematopoietic and
nonhematopoietic organs including blood, bone marrow, spleen, liver,
kidney, muscle, lung, and heart of the recipient goats (1.2-36% of all
cells examined). We identified human 2 microglobulin-positive cells in
multiple tissues. GFP+ cells sorted from the perfused liver of a
transplant goat showed human insulin-like growth factor 1 gene
sequences, indicating that the engrafted GFP+ cells were of human
origin. A substantial fraction of cells engrafted in goat livers
expressed the human hepatocyte-specific antigen, proliferating cell
nuclear antigen, albumin, hepatocyte nuclear factor, and GFP. DNA
content analysis showed no evidence for cellular fusion. Long-term
engraftment of GFP+ cells could be detected in the blood of goats for up
to 2 yr. Microarray analysis indicated that human genes from a variety
of functional categories were expressed in chimeric livers and blood.
The human/goat xenotransplant model provides a unique system to study
the kinetics of hematopoietic stem cell engraftment, gene expression,
and possible stem cell plasticity under noninjured conditions.
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