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[SANET-MG] field studies evaluating mycorrhizal inoculum



Hello Jarrod,

Appended below are citations for a few studies that have evaluated
mycorrhizal fungi inoculum in the field. The database of mycorhiza
literature at the following link contains many more:
http://mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu/

Douds, D.D. and C. Reider. 2003. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi
increases the yield of green peppers in a high P soil. Biological
Agriculture and Horticulture. 21: 91-102.

Douds, D.D., Nagahashi, G., Pfeffer, P.E., Kayser, W.M. and C. Reider. 2005.
On-farm production and utilization of mycorrhizal fungus inoculum. Canadian
Journal of Plant Science.85: 5-21.

J. Secilia and D.J. Bagyaraj. 1994. Evaluation and first-year field testing
of efficient vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for inoculation of
wetland rice seedlings, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,
10(4): 381 - 384

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jarrod Gunn-Mcquillan" <jgunn-mcquillan@NWHU.ON.CA>
To: <SANET-MG@LISTS.IFAS.UFL.EDU>
Sent: Friday, March 17, 2006 11:29 AM
Subject: Re: [SANET-MG] Entrez PubMed Soil Quality & phosphate availability


> Does anyone know of any field studies using Mycorrhizae??  There seems to
be
> lots of greenhouse, microcosm etc. etc.
>
> Thanks
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Sustainable Agriculture Network Discussion Group
> [mailto:SANET-MG@LISTS.IFAS.UFL.EDU]On Behalf Of Dale Wilson
> Sent: Friday, March 17, 2006 10:00 AM
> To: SANET-MG@LISTS.IFAS.UFL.EDU
> Subject: Re: [SANET-MG] Entrez PubMed Soil Quality & phosphate
> availability
>
>
> Hi Edna,
>
> >> I'm afraid I'm over my head on this subject.  I'm interested,
> >> but I understood maybe about half of what I read and my
> >> unabridged dictionary didn't help me a whole lot....
> >> Can anyone tell me if that is the take home message in this
> >> research?
>
> Unlike nitrogen and potassium, phosphorus in the soil is tightly bound
> to the mineral fraction.  As water moves from the soil into the roots,
> potassium and nitrogen and most other minerals are swept along into the
> plant along with the water (yeah, I know, this is an
> oversimplification), but not so with phosphorus.  The roots have to go
> GET phosphorus by intimate contact with soil particles.  Most plants
> simply cannot produce enough root surface area to get the phosphorus
> they need, even when there is plenty around.  Almost all crops form a
> symbiotic relationship with a class of fungus called "arbuscular
> mycorrhizae fungi" (AMF).  The AMF live in the soil and have an
> extensive network of fine mycelia.  As a young plant is established,
> the root system becomes infected by the AMF which transports phosphorus
> into the roots.
>
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbuscular_mycorrhiza
>
> "Mycorrhizae helper bacteria" work with the AMF to help dissolve P from
> the surfaces of soil particles.  The abstract cited by Lawrence studied
> an association between the AMF and the "growth-promoting rhizobacteria"
> Bacillus subtilis and Entrobacter.
>
> Here is the full text of the paper:
> http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/63/11/4408
>
> Lawrence wrote:
> > I interpret this to mean that the researchers discovered that the
> > presence of a specific AM fungus innoculated with two phosphate-
> > solubilizing ("helper") bacteria in soils with low phosphate
> > bioavailability resulted in higher levels of plant available
> > phosphorus and "significantly increased biomass and N and P
> > accumulation in plant tissues".
>
> I don't think this is a new finding.  The main point of the paper seems
> to be the use the isotopic dilution method as a tool.  There is a lot
> of literature about this subject.
>
> > So, is anyone marketing a soil innoculant for organic and
> > sustainable farmers who periodically apply rock phosphate to
> > farmland with normally low P bioavailability (I assume this can
> > be detected in a soil test)?
>
> I wouldn't jump to the conclusion that inoculation with these organisms
> in normal field situations will be beneficial.  I would try it out
> carefully in designed experiments and distrust promotional literature.
> AMF is normally present in most fields, and the bacteria mentioned are
> rugged and extremely common in soil.  The paper does show why rock
> phosphate (RP) might be more available to plants than one would think
> from the soil chemistry per se.  I still would make sure my RP is
> high-grade and finely ground.
>
> Dale
>
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