1= Monthly Plant Propagation Timetable: With special reference to commercial woody species and ornamental native plants Developed by Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786 704-452-5716 Preferred propagation times for cuttings (developed from Dir, Birr, Bill Barnes- American Nurseryman, and others.) January: Cedrus, Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Picea, Tsuja February: Calacedrus, Thuja March: Cytisus, Eunoymus April: Juniperus, Taxus, Thuja, softwood: Chionanthus, Fraxinus, Syringa May: Cornus, Forsythia, Prunus, Spiraeae, Syringa, Viburnum June: Acer, deciduous Rhododendron, Cornus, Forsythia, Hydrangea, Malus, Prunus, Spiraea July: Cornus, Ilex, J.chinensis Hetzii, Liquidambra, Magnolia, Prunus, Thuja August: Rhododendrom, Ilex September: Ilex, Leucothoe, Pieris, broadleaf evergreens October: Juniperus, Taxus, Thuja November: Cornus, Cystisus, Platanus, Populus, Salix December: Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Thuja, Taxus 2= Recommended Cover Crops and Planting Dates for the Southeast Developed by Lee Barnes (Best planting times determined for growing seasons (frost free periods) of about 160 days in the Southern Appalachians. For longer growing seasons, plant 2 weeks earlier for spring and summer, and up to 2 weeks later in fall. For shorter seasons, plant 2 weeks later in spring, and 2 weeks earlier in fall. Life Cycle indicated after plant name- A-Annual, B-Biennial, P-Perennial, WA- Winter Annual) Plant species Spring- 3/1-4/30 Summer-7/1-8/15 Fall- 8/1-9/1 Seeding Rate lbs./1000 sq. ft. Nitrogen Fixing Legumes Alfalfa (P) best time to seed best time to seed 1# Alsike clover (B-P) best best 1/2# Crimson clover (A) best best 1# Field (Cow) peas (A) best-late spring 5# Vetch, Common (WA) best 2# Vetch, Hairy (WA) best best 1 1/2# Red clover (P)(not adapted to heat) best best 1/2# Soybeans (A) best-late spring 5# Beans (A) best varies 10-15# Sweet white clover (P) best best 1/2# White Ladino clover (P) best best 1/2# Non-legumes Barley (A) best best 2 1/2# Buckwheat (A) best good 2# Grains (A) best best-check spp. hardiness varies 2-3# Millet (A) best 1# Oats (A-not well adapted to mts.) best best 1# Spring Wheat (A) best 2 1/2# Sudangrass (A) best best 1# Turnips/Rape (A) best best 1/2# Winter Rye (A) best 2 1/2# Winter Wheat (WA) best 2 1/2# 3= Eating Locally - Backyard and Bioregional Food Production Prepared by Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786, 704-452-5716. The Alternative Reading Room Series. Sustainable Solutions for Transitional Times (feel free to copy and distribute) I. Fallacies of Modern Agriculture & News From the Old World II. Paradise Gardening and Permaculture Principles III. Regional Agriculture - from wild food foraging to cooperatives and community gardening IV. Eating in Season with season extension techniques and low-input, regionally appropriate food storage and preservation methods V. Seed Saving for Self-reliance and Locally Adapted Plant Improvements VI. Intensive Food Production Tips Recommended Books Bill Mollison. 1990. Permaculture: A Practical Guide for a Sustainable Future. Island Press. 579 pp. Majororie Hunt and Brenda Bortz. 1986. High-Yield Gardening: How to get more from your gardening space and more from your gardening season. Rodale Press. 403 PP. Robert Kourik. 1986. Designing and Maintaining Your Edible Landscape Naturally. Metamorphic Press. 370 pp. Stephen Facciola. 1990. Cornucopia: A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications. 677 pg. - an incredible listing of over 3000 edible plants(! ) with specific variety recommendations for over 100 commonly grown plants. The best book of its kind... John Jeavons, J.M. Griffin and R. Leler. 1983. The Backyard Homestead Mini-farm and Garden Log Book. Ten Speed Publ. 196 pp. - specific info on potential profits from common fruits and vegetables. Companion book to How to grow more vegetables.... David Duhon. 1985. One Circle: How to Grow a Complete Diet in Less Than 1000 Square Feet. Ecology Action. 196 pp. - intensive gardening techniques and recommended top dozen crops for sustainable home food production. Suzanne Ashworth. 1991. Seed to Seed: Seed Saving Techniques for the Vegetable Gardener. Seed Savers Publ. 222 pp. - easy to use guide to saving heirloom/ open pollinated varieties with techniques to maintain genetic purity, seed storage, etc. Excellent guide! (The Seed Savers Exchange, 3076 North Winn Road, Decorah, Iowa 52101 is a non-profit organization dedicated to the preservation of irreplaceable non-hybrid, open pollinated unique plant varieties. Janet Greene, R. Hertzberg, and B. Vaughan. 1988. Putting Food By. 4th. Ed.. Stephen Green Publ.420 pg. - classic guide to food preservation (canning, freezing,drying, curing, etc.) Recommended Magazines The Permaculture Activist: A Quarterly Voice for Permanent Culture in North America. Peter Bane, Publisher. Rt. 1, Box 38, Primm Springs, TN 38476. Subscriptions $16./year. - great mag/ do subscribe!! and volunteer help to over-worked Peter. HortIdeas. Greg and Pat Williams. 460 Black Lick Rd., Gravel Switch, KY 40328. Subscriptions $15./yr. - Greg and Pat produce my favorite mag on plant and horticultural research. They somehow read and summarize an incredible number of books, magazines, research reports, etc. in layman's terms. And they produce an index to all of this! Wonderful! Permaculture Connections: Southeast Permaculture Network News.Co-editor Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786 704-452-5716. $5./yr. Quarterly newsletter focusing on practical PC in southeast. 4= Heirloom Seed Varieties Descriptions- handing down the past to the future... Turkish Orange Eggplant (NC BA L) -Small tennis-ball sized orange eggplant/best flavor when green/ seedy. Aurora Hot Pepper (NC BA L)- small 1.5 bullet-shaped upright held fruits/color change form purple to yellow cream to orange to red. Very prolific, 1 ft. tall plants. Purple color fades in vinegar.10X hotter than halapeno. Habanero Hot Pepper( NC BA L)- ultra-hot light orange scotchbonnet shaped pepper. Unique flavor. Low productivity compared to Aurora or Thai. 10-12X hotter than halapeno. Thai Hot Pepper (NC BA L)- 3/4Õ 22-bullet-sized red hot pepper/very ornamental to 1 ft. high/ 10X hotter than halapeno. German Johnson Tomato 9 ( )- 80 days/ indeterminated potato-leaf , irregularly shaped pink tomato/meaty with excellent low acid flavor/my favorite! Hughs Tomato (SESE)-pale-yellow beef-steak type tomato, very meaty and sweet flavored, rated one of best of 250 varieties grown in 88 test. Jefferson Giant Tomato (HS)-90 days/pink, heart-shaped fruit 1-2#/Indeterminate?Exceptional Flavor. Old Brooks Tomato (HS)- Indeterminate, beef-steak type tomato/ excellent flavor/red fruit with small core and few seeds. Persimmon tomato (SB)- heirloom very large fruit, orange-persimmon colored/ flavor favorite. Moon and Stars Watermelon (NC BA L)- 90 days/ small oblong-shaped watermelon with ultra-sweet red fruit/fruit and leaves spotted with ornamental yellow moon and stars spots. Also available in yellow fruit flesh color. 5= Monthly Plant Propagation Timetable: With special reference to commercial woody species and ornamental native plants Developed by Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786 704-452-5716 Preferred propagation times for cuttings (developed from Dir, Birr, Bill Barnes-American Nurseryman, and others.) January: Cedrus, Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Picea, Tsuja February: Calacedrus, Thuja March: Cytisus, Eunoymus April: Juniperus, Taxus, Thuja, softwood: Chionanthus, Fraxinus, Syringa May: Cornus, Forsythia, Prunus, Spiraeae, Syringa, Viburnum June: Acer, deciduous Rhododendron, Cornus, Forsythia, Hydrangea, Malus, Prunus, Spiraea July: Cornus, Ilex, J.chinensis Hetzii, Liquidambra, Magnolia, Prunus, Thuja August: Rhododendrom, Ilex September: Ilex, Leucothoe, Pieris, broadleaf evergreens October: Juniperus, Taxus, Thuja November: Cornus, Cystisus, Platanus, Populus, Salix December: Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Thuja, Taxus 6= Recommended Cover Crops and Planting Dates for the Southeast Developed by Lee Barnes (Best planting times determined for growing seasons (frost free periods) of about 160 days in the Southern Appalachians. For longer growing seasons, plant 2 weeks earlier for spring and summer, and up to 2 weeks later in fall. For shorter seasons, plant 2 weeks later in spring, and 2 weeks earlier in fall. Life Cycle indicated after plant name- A-Annual, B-Biennial, P-Perennial, WA- Winter Annual) Plant species Spring- 3/1-4/30 Summer-7/1-8/15 Fall- 8/1-9/1 Seeding Rate lbs./1000 sq. ft. Nitrogen Fixing Legumes Alfalfa (P) best time to seed best time to seed 1# Alsike clover (B-P) best best 1/2# Crimson clover (A) best best 1# Field (Cow) peas (A) best-late spring 5# Vetch, Common (WA) best 2# Vetch, Hairy (WA) best best 1 1/2# Red clover (P)(not adapted to heat) best best 1/2# Soybeans (A) best-late spring 5# Beans (A) best varies 10-15# Sweet white clover (P) best best 1/2# White Ladino clover (P) best best 1/2# Non-legumes Barley (A) best best 2 1/2# Buckwheat (A) best good 2# Grains (A) best best-check spp. hardiness varies 2-3# Millet (A) best 1# Oats (A-not well adapted to mts.) best best 1# Spring Wheat (A) best 2 1/2# Sudangrass (A) best best 1# Turnips/Rape (A) best best 1/2# Winter Rye (A) best 2 1/2# Winter Wheat (WA) best 2 1/2# 7= 6/15/94 draft article for American Nurseryman (draft #1 approx. 2333 words) Designing a Sustainable Future with Permacuture by Lee Barnes, Dave Jacke, and Chuck Marsh. Permaculture is a design system which improves agricultural stability and production. Permaculture is an expanding movement which will affect growers and retailers as their clients shift their plant needs and design use. Following is a brief introduction to the history and principles of the next stage of more sustainable and integrated agriculture. Growers will need to shift their production to a greater variety of plants, especially multi-use plants and perennials. Permaculture means both permanent agriculture and permanent culture. The founders of permaculture realized early that modern agriculture must become more of a part of sustainable culture if quality of all life is to be mainained ininto the future. During the late 60's, Australian ecologist Bill Mollison and David Holmgren developed a framework for sustainable agricultral based on a multi-crop of perennials trees, shrubs, herbs, fungi and root systems which Mollison termed permaculture by 1974. The term permaculture is trademarked and only design cources students who have completed a minimum 72 hours of training and complete a set of designs can legally call themselves Permaculture Designers. Since that time Mollison has trained thousands of students world wide and in the early 90's, over 7000 students have been trained. Currently there are a half a dozen regional centers promoting permaculture and permaculture education. A new Eastern Permaculture Teachers Association was formed to further promote p rofessionalism and networking among PC Design course students who wish to teach Pc. Permaculture is a marriage of ecology annd horticulture, of system design and home grown ingenuity. Permaculture is not a strict set of techniques, rather it is a philosophy of ethics and principles which can be applied to regional particularities, from small-scale urban -- to backyard and farm sized applications. Animals and plants are more cleverly integrated than now occurs in commercial agriculture. Mollison emphasises that the ethical basis of permaculture is threefold, (1) Care for the Earth, (2) C are for People and (3) mankind's need to limit consumption and population limits. Care for the Earth mandates that all life systems be respected and aid to continue and increase with special emphasis on opposition to damage to natural systems especially forests and emphasize the renewal of damafaged ecosystems to their former stable state. Pc are encouraged to use broad design priniples to establish plant systems (gardens, whole farms, and regions) that we can use to suport ourselves and others on the le ast amount of land possible. Care for people is practiced by empowering people to have access to resources necessary for a ---exestance. the need to set population and consumptive levels is necessary so that one can pefficiently provide for personal needs while allowing resources to be set a side for the care of peoplea and earth. People educated to permaculture principles argue that the world is really quite abundant and that one should work with the earth systems rather than against them.. . Permaculture design attempt to integrate animal and plant systems so as to create sustain able systems which support each other. Permaculture design promotes small scale, energy -efficient intensive systems rather than large-scale, energy consumptive extensive systems. Mollison developed permaculture principles over a long period as a forester, ecologist and agriculture teacher and designer. He recognized that the natural systems around us are the best models for long term regional sustainability. The primary principle of Pc design is to observe natural systems and to attempt to duplicate and adapt them them to small-scale intensive production systems. Mollison's design principles can easily be discussed by observing a mature forest in your own regions. For example, the forest ecosystem is very complex with unique and multiple connections between the region's climate and soil, between the plants and animals (nutient cycles etc,). Within the example forest, all nutrients are cycled thru unique webs of life, and energy from the sun is efficiently distributed throughout the system, The forest is multi-leveled, with soiland root layer, herb layer, understory, mid-story and canopy species of boplants, animals, fungi, and microclimates. Each component of the forest whether it be a bird, tree or insect performs multiple functions such as digging, accumulating nutrients, burrowing, food for others, etxc. Animals are important partners with plants in cycling nutrients, spreading seeds, loosening the soil, insect eaters, browse rs, etc. Thus all things are actually multifunctional rather than simply a single function as has been practiced by modern agriculture. One can develop a forest like garden with a wide variety of plants including perennials, and self seeding annuals, cult ivate each level. Species are selected which csan be grown to gether without competition. Examples of this would be the interplanting of species with different rooting depths and nutrient needs, or complementary abo ve ground growth habits such as canopy and understory plants. Plant assemilies are recognixed by biologists as mature ecosystems. Plants which grow together and accually complement each others growth are called plant guilds. The classic example of this is the North American natives culture of the Three Sisters -corn, beans, and squash. The corn provides vertical growing space for the beans. The beans are nitrogen fixing and can provide additional nutrients which allow the corn to grow high, The squash serves as a rapid ground cover thus supp ressing weeds and conserving soil moisture. Remarkeably, the nutrients provided by eating each of these foods results in increadible protein and nutrient complementation. Plant guilds have been identified for numerous tropical plants while temperate plant combinations are being developed and further reasearched, mostly at the grass root level. Many growers have noted the advantages of intercropping plants (companion planting) For example, intercropping of cabbage with onions and herbs results in less plan t damage by the cabbage butterflies. Interplanting seeds and transplants can allow more efficient use of growing area and growing season. Spring greens (spinash, beets, daikon, carrots, etc.) are direct seeded and transplants of complementary cool season (cabbage, broccoli, fava beans, onions, etc) species are planted at wide spacings. Thus many species are grown to gether with careful timing so that one matures and is harvested to make room for the emerging seed crop. The greens mix is harvested by f oraging, continually grazed rather thatn uniform harvested. Warm season plants (tomatoes, corn, peppers, squash, etc.) are next interplanted into small cleared spaces in the greens. Some greens are left to flower and produce seeds which can then be harves ted or for self-seeding spp.(ex., edible weeds, dandelion, cress ??) left to self-sow. As the warm season plants mature, the next crop (ex. fall greens) is undersown so as to benefit from the shade of the taller plants which are then removed to allow spa ce and light for the seedlings to grow. Permaculture stresses that the ground should never be left exposed, rather cover crops and green manure crops should always be growing and recycling nutrinets in the root layer. Researches at NCSU have determined th at mixed plantings of fall cover crops (rye with clover?) resulted in the rye trapping nitrogen produced by the clover and keeping it from leaching relow the root zones. The ultimate garden would become a forest garden where long term, multiyielding tree species (food, fiber, fuel, shelter, vine-support)) are grown with understories of nut and fruit trees, and useful herb layers and root and tuber yielding plants. Severa l researchers are working with the native tree honeylocust which is a high yielding food source for cattle and pigs, higher nutrints than soybeans. In this system animals are allowed to self forage, feed, spread nutrients, and ultimately produce products usable by man. Amimal culture is very important in permacultue since animals can often use sources of food which are unpalatible to man, or which are impractical to harvest (wild seeds, nuts, greens). Animals are also important for manure and nutrient accumulation,. in sect eaters, weeders, etc. Small animal culture may include chickens, geese, ducks, goats, pigs. Intensive grazing is a relatively new animal foraging system where animals are allowed to graze an area. Careful management using movable fences allow high pr oductivity, prevent over grazing, and reduce diseases. Multispecies grazing can result in greater productivity than grazing only on species. For example, cows grazed with freerange chickens can result in reduced nucience intects. Permaculture recognizes t he importance of preserving old species of animals rather the complete dependency on modern hybrid. Wild type animals often require less management, can utilize less efficient wild foods, and often are more pest resistant . The Gulf Port sheep is a wild d erivative of spanish sheep which are known to be more heat tolerant and worm resistannt than modern commercial varieties. There is even a variety of pig (check name )which can live live entirely of the fresh manure of cows, where four pigs can be grown on the manure of one cow. .There is a species Certain natural patterns emerge when observing nature. These patterns such as spirels, dendric, patterns are created due to energy and matter moving thru a system. By observing these patterns, one can use the efficience of design to develop cultivated pl ant and animal systems. A classis example is the permaculture herb spiral. A small earth mound scultpted in an upward 3-D spiral creates numerous microhabitats and very efficient use of space for growing plants. The 3-D nature of the spiral creates greate r surface area for growing plants than just the area of the spiral base.Verticle space is created along the edges of the cone shaped spirel which also affects drainage patterns. Plants which require the greatest drainage can be placed near the top of the spirael while moisture -loving plants can be placed around the base, preferrible on the east or more northern exposure. . Plants which are shade tolerant can be placed on the north side of the herb spiral, while sun loving plants . By observing the workin g relationships between the land, plants and animals one can observe that each component is balanced by the needs and resources of another. Thus it is the connection which matters The forest provides an excellent model for soil building. The forest floor is coved by plant litter which is decomposed by forest fungi and various microorganisms. Shallow root systems recycle water soluble nutrients whilw deeper rooted species able to reach subsoil nutrients etc. and affectively trapping nutrients which would be carried down to the water table. Earthworms effectively till the earth spread their manure and aerate the soil. A composting technique called sheet-mulching duplicates the natu ral siol formation. In sheet mulching, compost is placed directly where plants will be grown. This is more efficient than traditional composting of matterials where the compost has to be collected somewhere, turned regularly , and finally redistributed to the garden. In sheet mulching, a layer of fresh cut vegetation (weeds, grass clippings, plant kitchen scrapes and manures) is placed upon the ground. This is covered by a layer of scrap cardboard which is used to prevent weed seeds from growing and to cr eate a damp habitat for earthworms. On top of the cardboard is placed a thick layer additional green plant matterial and manureand topped with a thick layer of straw or other organic mater. Smal holes are formed in this layer and trnsplants and seeds are set in small pockets of soil or compost. The sheeet mulch system requires additional water to keep the layers moist until the sheet mulch stabizes. Earthworm whether native to the site or introduced with the manure quicky break down the cardboard lower l ayer of organic matter and till the soil under the mulch thus mixing nutients and aerating the soil. The sheet mulch bed can be added to by adding additional lavers to a leading edge. After only a few seasons a thick bed of soil is created with minimum wo rk and using biological resources instead of noisy, energy consumptive tillers. Permaculture design uses efficient energy planning for home and farm layout. Zones of use or frequency of human activityare identified and analized to return maximum yields. Mollison designated a system of ueage zones which radiate out as irregular conce ntric circles for the primary place of activity, the home. Theses zones seldom are identified and managed as merely concentric circles based on activity. Zones often weave in and out of each other but the basic attmpt to analalize and develope zone s can minimize waste of time and distance to haul materials ansd toos. For example, Zone I is the area immediate to the home. Plants here are for domestic sufficincy such as herb gardens, cutting greens and fresh vegetable. Plants which need frequent attention, either for culture or harvest are conviently placed near the house to reduce harvest time and distance. Zone II design components may include small animal housing, such as placement of chickens or rabbit hutches which need to be checked daily or protect ed from preditors. Chicken houses can be placed near the home so that there is no smell or noise problems. Zone III is designed for main food crops and forage where daily inspection and activity is not required, where, for example the potato crop may not need to be checked except every few days of weeks. Zone iV is reserved for less frequeent activity such as gathering of forest or wild plants or animal pastures. These areas may only be visited seasonally or so arranged that animal culture is allowed wit h only infrequent supervision (day foraging). Zone V is reserved for the wild part of the cultivated ecosystem and is left to minimal mangement and harvest and generally left to the native plants and animals. Off site components such as wind, water, fire protection are analized as sectors and placed in design combinations which best manage the incoming energies. Windbreaks can be planted to block winter winds, or serve as light traps or reflectors. Water sour ces can be manipulated to be gravity feeding and redirected to hold water on the land. 8= Permaculture Design Principles by Chuck Marsh, Rt. 1, Box 28, Leicester, NC 28748, 704-683-4946, FAX 704-683-1997. (italicized notes added by Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786, 704-452-5716.) 1. It's the Connection that Matters: set up working relationships between plants, animals, people, land and structures so that the needs of one component are met by the yields of another component. Right placement/ relative location. 2. Each Component Performs Multiple Functions: (ex. plant hedge as food/forage/wildlife habitat/climatic buffer/wind break/trellis/fire control etc. Desire that each introduced component provide at least three functions.) 3. Each Function is Supported By Many Elements. (ex. alternative water sources- spring/roof-runoff/gray water systems/water storage - ponds, drums, etc. i.e. diversify and don't depend on just one element or all eggs in one basket) 4. Efficient Energy Planning Zones: place components on a site according to how much we use them or how often we need to visit them. (ex. Zone1 daily, dooryard/Z2 daily or every few days/Z3 weekly/Z4 seasonally/Z5 wild areas- minimal management or disturbance) Sectors: analyze the effects of wild energies that come from off site. Place design components to manage incoming energies to our advantage. (ex. sun/wind/fire) 5. Use Biological Resources to save energy, produce needed materials, and perform work. The key is management based on timing. (ex. animal tractors, earthworm tillers, green manures, etc. as on-site fertilizers/ beneficial insects for pest control/etc.) 6. Energy Cycling: catch, store, use, and cycle energy before it degrades. (ex. place ponds, water catchment at highest potential-use on land ) 7. Design Small Scale, Intensive Systems: work out from the nucleus on a controlled front. Gradually design for increased (but efficient) animal or human labor vs. fossil fuel use, shift to perennial spp. and self-seeding annuals. speed up natural success ion to forest farming, etc. 8. Stack Your Plants: use or direct natural succession to create cultivated ecosystems. (ex. interplanting/plant guilds such as 3 Sisters (corn/beans/squash), use vertical spaces and temporal double-cropping of plants by underseeding., interplanting etc .) 9. Create Diversity: increase the sum of the yield of a system and spread the yield over time. (ex. use what is already growing/ introduce polycultures of plants /animals/etc. which maximize current plant succession to climax , sustainable ecosystems) 10. Increase Edge Within the System: maximize highly productive biological transition zones (forest-field edges, land-water edges) by careful replication of natural patterns such as crenated edges, vertical growing, etc.) 11. Observe, Intuit, and Replicate Natural Patterns. (ex. herb spirals, keyhole planting beds to create micro habitats with edges, observe current plant/animal succession and integrate new spp. which complement the succession stage towards a sustainabl e ecosystem) Nature abhors a straight line! ) 12. Attitude Matters! - turn problems into solutions: everything is a possible resource. Key: problems are actually resources and opportunities. - make the greatest change for the least effort: work where it counts. - we are only limited by lack of information and imagination. - work with and not against nature. - everything gardens: everything has a cumulative effect on the environment (plants/animals/fungi/insects garden within their webs of life Vs annihilation of local resources) - care for the Earth, care for peoples, care for the community. - we live on an abundant earth: maximize ecological production and distribute the surplus. - everything has intrinsic worth. - everything works both ways- disadvantages can be resources and visa versa. 9= Plant Guild References Prepared by Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786, 704-452-5716. (feel free to copy and distribute) (BM90) Bill Mollison. 1990. Permaculture: A Practical Guide for a Sustainable Future. Island Press. 579 pp. (MH/BB86) Majororie Hunt and Brenda Bortz. 1986. High-Yield Gardening: How to get more from your gardening space and more from your gardening season. Rodale Press. 403 PP. (LR75) Louise Riotte. 1975. Carrots Love Tomatoes: Secrets of companion planting for sucessful gardening. Garden Way. 226 pp. (RK86). Robert Kourik. 1986. Designing and Maintaining Your Edible Landscape Naturally. Metamorphic Press. 370 pp. (M/Z/N51). Alexander Martin, H. Zim, and A. Nelson. 1951. American Wildlife and Plants: A Guide To Wildlife Food Habits. Dover. 500 pp. (SD/RH76). Sholto Douglas and R. de J. Hart. 1976. Forest Farming: Towards a Solution to Problems of World Hunger and Conservation. Rodale Press. 199 pp. (JRS50). J. Russel Smith. 1950. Tree Crop: A Permanent Agriculture. (Reprinted 1987 Island Press.) 408 pp. The Permaculture Activist: A Quarterly Voice for Permanent Culture in North America. Peter Bane, Publisher. Rt. 1, Box 38, Primm Springs, TN 38476. Subscriptions $16./year. - great mag/ do subscribe!! and volunteer help to over-worked Peter. TIPSY: The International Permaculture Species Year Book.1983, '84,'85, '86. Dan Hemenway, Publisher. Yankee Permaculture. P.O. Box 672, Dahlonega, GA 30533-0672 - much useful plant/animal info. Dan has back issues of TIPSY and other info newletters, etc. International Green Front Report 1988. Michael Pilarski. Friends of the Trees. P.O. Box 1466, Chelan, WA 98816. Permaculture ÔguruÕ Michael and others has accumulated much info about PC, Agroforestry, etc. The Friends of the Trees have produced a series of Yearbooks, Newsletters, and the Actinidia Enthusiasts Newsletter (best source of info on hardy Kiwi ). HortIdeas. Greg and Pat Williams. 460 Black Lick Rd., Gravel Switch, KY 40328. Subscriptions $15./yr. - Greg and Pat produce my favorite mag on plant and horticultural research. They somehow read and summarize an incredible number of books, magazines, research reports, etc. in layman's terms. And they produce an index to all of this! Wonderful! Carolina Farm Stewardship Association Stewardship News. Published by CFSA, 115 W. Main St., Carrboro, NC 27510. 919-968-1030 (Membership $20-30./yr. and up). The CFSA coordinates organic certification in the Carolinas and produces a number of useful publi cations. Permaculture Connections: Southeast Permaculture Network News.Co-editor Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786 704-452-5716. $5./yr.(price will prob. be $10/yr. beginning in '94). Quarterly newsletter focusing on practical PC in southeast. Temperate Bamboo Quarterly: A forum for sharing information and views among bambuseros. Adam and Sue Turtle. 30 Myers Road, Summertown, TN 38483-9768. $24./yr. - THE newsletter for bamboo info. Includes numerous references to bamboo contacts, books, sites to visit, etc. I hope for more info on bamboo species, growing and propagating. 10= Resource List for Permaculture Site Design by Lee Barnes and Chuck Marsh Bill Mollison and Reny Slay. 1991. Introduction to Permaculture. Tagari Press. 198 pp. - recommended for Pc beginners, concise with great illustrations. Bill Mollison.1990. Permaculture: A Practical Guide for a Sustainable Future. Island Press. 579 pp. - the ÔBigÕ book on Pc, highly detailed with excellent illustrations. Heavy! Les and Carol Scher. 1992. Finding and Buying Your Place in the Country. 3rd Edition. Dearborn Financial Publishing. 411 pp. - standard reference for land looking, what to look for, etc. with extensive legal and financial info. Ian McHarg.1969. Design with Nature. Doubleday. 197 pp. - classic book on social aspects urban development and landscape design. Now reprinted but very expensive so check Inter-Library loans. Malcom Margolin. 1975. The Earth Manual: How to Work on Wild Land Without Taming It. Heyday Books. 237 pp. - info on preserving semiwild lands including erosion control, increase wildlife and restock shrubs and wildflowers. John Seymour. 1982. The Lore of the Land. Schocken Books. 151 pp. - easy to read guide to soils, land improvement, structures, woodland improvement, and short chapter on ponds. Anne Moffat and Mare Schiler. 1981. Landscape Design That Saves Energy. William Morrow Co. 223 pp. - guide to structure placement and plantings to conserve energy. Robert Kourik. 1986. Designing and Maintaining Your Edible Landscape Naturally. Metamorphic Press. 370 pp. - excellent guide to edible landscaping. Most highly recommended! Carolyn Shaffer and Kristin Anundsen. 1993. Creating Community Anywhere: Finding Support and Connection in a Fragmented World. Tarcher/Perigee Publ. 334 pp. - excellent guide to community development and processes. Highly recommended. Doug Aberley. 1993. Boundaries of Home: Mapping for Local Empowerment. New Society. 138 pp. - wonderful book for regional and local empowerment. Not much on actual mapping techniques, rather case studies and new insights about the power of maps for creati ng change. Sig Lonegren. 1986. Spiritual Dowsing. Gothic Image Publ. 107 pp. - .wonderful intro to dowsing and intuitional connections with earth energies. Burea of Naval Personnel. 1972. Basic Construction Techniques for Houses and Small Buildings Simply Explained. Dover. 568 pp. - excellent layman's guide to construction from grading, logging, building materials and methods. John Cole and Charles Wing. 1976. From the Ground Up. Atlantic-Little, Brown and Co. - easy to read guide to designing eficient homes. John Schaeffer. 1992. Alternative Energy Sourcebook: A Comprehensive Guide to Energy Sensible Technologies. 7th. Ed. Real Goods. 518 pp. - actually an expanded catalog for Real Goods, this is a primer for alternative energy planning. 11= Permaculture Connection Fall 1994 The Permaculture Connection is a quarterly newsletter which seeks to network and empower people interested in Permaculture, with special focus on southeastern North American bioregions. Subscriptions are based on a sliding scale of $5.-$10-$15 based on in dividual income and perceived value of the newsletter. We encourage you to send your letters, comments, quick tips, etc. for sharing with the expanding Permaculture community. Submission deadlines are the first of March, June, September and December. Edit orial office, c/o Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786, (704)-452-5716. (Thanks, and Happy Trails! LB.) {Editors Note: . Well, we are late again with this issue, but we're getting closer to desired deadlines. We have only received a few of your letters, perhaps due to the change of editorial office to Lee's address and the late last issue. Please, we need y our contributions and words of support! } Letters From Friends Dear PcConnection, Have a copy of the PcC Resource Directory as a result of Rachel Conrad's time in FL going to massage school. Time to contact with others - consumer Techno-society cause me to feel isolated. Are there many of the old back-to-the-landers? Permaculture has something to offer the Plain people (I'm not plain, however I admire their fortitude in life style) also, is a free directory feasible? funded perhaps by Deep Ecology movement or commercial advertising? Are there others whose Pc self-sufficiency is part of Christian radical activism? The meek shall inherit the earth. I am involved in self-sufficiency on 5 acres of sub-tropical wetlands {Ed. Note: near Melboure, FL.}. Animal husbandry pigs, dairy goats, chickens. Read and collect a great deal of knowledge. Fine artist: portraits and realistic fantasy-nature. Alternati ve medical independence. Community. I live without electricity, refrigeration, or gas-powered tools. Goal: A life approaching 100% sustainability (no gas-powered car). Some difficulty finding time to the pressing things that have to be done. I would like to subscribe to the Permaculture Connection. Would enjoy hearing from you. Sincerely, Tamlin Anne, P.O. Box 752, Fellsmere, FL 32948 Salutations to all of You here at the Gathering! {Ed. Note: Pc/CFSA Celo Gathering} I'd love to hear from you on how your life is progressing. I'd particularly be interested in Permaculture teachings you've found helpful in your own life, how Permaculture is really working for you, and other specifics of Permaculture that you would like to incorporate in your life (through study, practical work, etc.) An important issue for me is how we actually engage in Permaculture work. Let's dialog. I'll respond to all answers and questions and everything in between. I'm particularly interested in hearing from Narrow Ridge and Glenagape students (I've got a special commitment to you) but would love to hear from anyone. I'm currently working on an ongoing Permaculture project at Gesundheit Institute in West Virginia. I'd also enjoy talking to you about future Permaculture projects, so please get in touch with me... Michael Moore, Gesundheit!, HC 64 Box 167, Hillsboro, WV 24946, (304) -653-4338. Permaculture Networking News News from Katuah Bioregion. The 1st Annual Permaculture and CFSA Gathering at Celo, NC was an incredible success! Over 100 permaculturists and organic growers from all over the east attended the three-day gathering. Most of the participants were from the Asheville, Greensboro, and Raleigh areas, but interested people from as far away as central Florida and upstate Vermont found ways to attend. The excitement and creativity of the weekend began at registration where people were encouraged to create their o wn name tags from supplied fabrics, niknaks, and found objects! Some people spent hours crafting their tags and opening to self-expression and creative juices. Thanks to Chuck Marsh for dreaming up a powerful alternative to the usual Hello I'm ... name tags. Participants were encouraged to bring some of their fresh organic produce, which was lovingly prepared and transformed by the chef and food artist, Christy Marriner. The food alone was enough to totally convince everyone of the incredible superiorit y, wonder, taste and nutrition of fresh, regionally produced organic foods. Besides the magical networking between permaculturists and the organic growers and members of the CFSA (Carolina Farm Stewardship Association, the parent organization of organic g rowers in the Carolinas), great fun was had by all, including perfect weather (the week-long rain clouds prior to the Gathering departed only after Tony Kleese and Chuck M. had finished digging the extra pit toilets for the event. Thanks to all who made t his an truly outstanding gathering.!! Great Katuah Bioregion News! The Earthhaven community group (including permaculturists Chuck Marsh, Valerie Naiman, Peter Bane, and others) are negotiating for a 360ish acre community site near Black Mountain, NC. This developing community and eco-village has been in the planning and developmental stage for several years now, doing all the right (albeit difficult, but necessary) homework (developing by consensus a membership covenant, by-laws, and site development restrictions) has now found a unique, won derful property next to an existing intentional community (Rosy Branch) and a newly formed community, Full Circle. Several additional, prominent permaculturists and sustainable agriculturists are being wooed by the incredible potential of this permacultur e training and demonstration site. For additional information, contact Valerie at 1001 Camp Elliot Rd., Black Mountain, NC 28711, (704)-669-0222. The Eastern Permaculture Teachers Association (EPTA) met in September for a nearly week long gathering at Far Valley Farms, near Athens, Ohio. Over a dozen teachers and interested permaculturists met for 5 days of professional training (facilitation and i nterpersonal communication training, eco-drama, etc. and fun. The Permaculture Expo 1994 at Ohio University, Athens, held on Sunday attracted several hundred persons from all over the Ohio watershed. Pc course graduates are encouraged to support EPTA even if you do not plan to be a ÕprofessionalØ Pc teacher. Dues are on a sliding scale of $15-$30 a year which should be mailed to EPTA Secretary/Treasurer Barb Fath, 8152 Achterman Rd., Pleasant Plain, Ohio 45162. A new Permaculture Directory for Design Course Graduates and Teachers is being assembled by John Irvin, a permaculturist who helped organize the 1993 Eastern Permaculture Conference last year in Pennsylvania. John has developed a questionnaire for desig n course graduated which we are including as an insert to this PcC issue. Note that this directory includes listings of products and services offered by permaculture graduates. We encourage you to complete the survey and return it to John Irvin, 104 Gaywo od Drive, St. Clairsville, OH 43950-1006, (614)-695-3008, FAX (614)-695-6420. John hopes to complete this Directory of all North American Pc graduates by the middle of next year. Thanks, John, for finding time between tree climbings (John really is a tree climbing enthusiast! He truly swings among the leaves!) to compile this needed resource. Permaculture Resources ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas) is a government funded resource agency which produces custom-generated information packets for commercial growers. Note that they only have limited funding, so please limit your requests to commercia l growers. Their September 1993 Materials Lists includes over 45 Information Packages covering Horticultural and Agronomic Crops, Soils, Livestock, Farming Systems, Aquaculture, Marketing, Diversification, and Irrigation/Water Use. They also have produced Resources Lists on Internships/Apprenticeships/ Sustainable Curriculum (14 pgs.), Sustainable Agriculture Organizations and Publications (32 pgs.), University Programs and Contacts (14 pgs.), and Video/Slides/Tapes on Sustainable Agriculture. They even h ave a permaculture trained staff member, Steve Diver, and well experiences bioregional advocates. Contact them at 1-800-346-9140, or ATTRA, P.O. Box 3657, Fayetteville, AR 72702 Restoration Forestry: An International Guide to Sustainable Forestry Practices by editor and fanatical information provider, Michael Pilarski (sorry Michael for misspelling your name in the last PcConnection!) is now available from Friends of the Trees. This incredibly comprehensive sourcebook includes articles from over 50 innovative professional foresters, ecologists, and resources planners. The manual provides 780 contact organizations, lists 230 journals related to agroforestry, bibliography of over 800 books, etc. etc. Cost is believed to be $26.95 plus $4.05 shipping Order from Friends of the Trees Society, P.O. Box 1062, Tonasket, WA 98855 for details. Michael also finds time for Pc courses (see Calendar), the renowned Kiwifruit Enthusiasts Journ al (1993, latest issues #6, 192 pages, $14.95.), does the Friends of the Trees Society newsletter, and edits- the West Coast Permaculture News and Gossip newsletter.. HortIdeas editors, Pat and Greg Williams (460 Black Lick Rd., Gravel Switch, KY 40328, subscripts $15 year) recently hosted overnight the returning Katuah Bioregion's representatives to the 94 Turtle Island Bioregional Gathering (Lee, Chuck, Val) as we crossed central Kentucky. Pat and Greg creatively produce HortIdeas, which we consider to be the best monthly summation of horticultural information in the country. The Williams and their family are friends of permaculture and temperate zone agroforestry , and we hope to further share in their cornucopia of information including hundreds of books on useful plants and sustainable systems, and the personal papers of noted agroforestry expert, J. Russell Smith. The Williams gifted us with a 1994 catalog of publications by ASPI, (Appalachia Science for the Public Interest) a non-profit environmental organization Õseeking to make science and technology responsible to the needs of low-income people in central Appal achia . ASPI sells books and environmental Education materials, and Videotapes. and has produced a series of low-cost, easy-to-read Technical Papers which cover tested, appropriate technology subjects such as temperate region solar food cookers, compost toilets, solar food dryers , low -cost housing: the Yurt, forest preservation techniques, aquaculture, native wild plants, root cellars, and more! Contact them at: ASPI Publications, Route 5, Box 423, Livingston, KY 40445. Membership in ASPI ($10 year/$5 for students and low-income folks) includes their quarterly newsletter, Appalachian Alternatives Great Smoky Mountains Hiking and Camping by Lee Barnes is now available directly from Lee and from many camping supply stores. This 150 page insider's guide to the best of southern heaven is tailored to auto touring, camping and hiking in the USAšs most popular national Park. Cost is $12.95 plus $2. shipping.(NC residents please include 6% sales tax). Feel free to contact Lee for autographed copies - perfect for Halloween and Christmas presents. Profits helps Lee to eat and to buy new hiking boots! Than ks for your support! Some Miscellaneous Words on Sustainable Culture Philosophies From Simple Steps to a Happy Life by Martin Gray, P.O. 398021, Miami Beach, FL 33239 (Distributed at the 1993 Katuah Rainbow Gathering, Tanasee Ridge, NC. The following is a condensed version including topic opening lines...) Recognize your life connections with the living earth. ...Live gently upon the earth- practice voluntary simplicity. ...Become healthy and strong through good organic vegetarian diet and regular exercises. Each day practice a breathing awareness medita tion to bring quiet to your mind and ease to your heart. ...Exercise your political power. ...Extend gratitude toward the world as a way of saying thank you for being alive on this lovely earth. ... Stop watching all TV programs and movies that trivializ e violence and glamorize consumerism. ...Practice leadership as an art form. ...Live your dream. Follow your yearning with passion, boldness and daring abandon. ...Replenish your spirits by frequently contact with wild nature. ...Cultivate trust in the pe rfect unfolding of universal perfection. Contact PcC for a copy of the eloquently written, full page text. Survival Strategies for Troubled Times by Thomas H. Greco. October 1993 (Community Information Resource Center, P.O. Box 42663, Tucson, AZ 85733, (602)-577-2187.- Extracted from a handout at the 6th. Turtle Island Bioregional Gathering, Camp Piomingo, wes tern Kentucky, August 1994. Tomšs new book, New Money for Healthy Communities ($15.95 plus $3 shipping) is now available directly from Tom. Health and Self-reliance. Learn healthy living and acquire a diversity of skills. Cultivate a low input lifestyle. Secure your own material needs as much as possible, and find a safe place to live. Cooperation and Mutual Support. Build mutually supporti ve relationships. Nurture the development of networks and self-contained, cooperative communities. Disengage. Reduce your reliance upon money, financial assets, and institutions. Get out of debt. Be Involved. Keep attuned to the global conditions of humanity and its habitats, and help to solve regional, national and global problems as well as local o nes. Specific Possibilities to Consider: 1. Food.... grow at least some of your own food, ... store staples, save seeds, ....2. Collect valued items and commodities which are likely to retain their value...3) Get out of the large cities, if possible. ...4) B uy productive land which can support you... 5) Disengage...6)Become debt-free. ...7)Pay as you go. ..., 8) Simplify your lifestyle and reduce your needs. ... 9) Learn to share and cooperate...{contact PcC for copy of full text.) Permaculture Articles From the Herb Garden, Spotlight on Bamboo by Hildegard . (reprinted with authors permission from The Leaves of Twin Oaks, Summer 1994, Twin Oaks Community, Route 4, Box 169, Louisa, VA 23093) Bamboo, as a permaculture plant, has been abiding interest of mine for the past nine years. Upon moving to Twin Oaks, I brought with me a specimen of Phyllostachys aureosulcata, better known as Yellow Grove Bamboo. With some trepidation and much conside ration, I planted it in the Herb Garden to observe its habits, learn about it and enjoy its benefits. Now a small grove ( and a beautiful, peaceful space to be in!), the bamboo serves as a windbreak, shade maker, privacy screen, and bird sanctuary. It feeds and shelters our angora rabbits, who in return produce wool for spinning, and mulch and manure for the herbs. I control its size by harvesting quantities of bamboo poles yearly for fencework and stakes for plants, and by mowing, kicking over, root pruning with a spade, or eating shoots outside the predestined boundaries. All bamboo shoots are edible. Some are sw eet to eat raw in salads. Others are best when steamed. They sell for about $1o a pound in the store. Recently, Adam and Sue Turtle, bamboo growers and permaculturists, brought me several new and useful varieties. They sell by the clump, freshly dug and delivered (averaging $50 per clump, depending on how many culms [canes] in each). Bamboo is a grass. Each individual culm is connected by a root system that runs about 12 inches under the soil. Most root growth is made in late summer, and it takes 3 years for the wood to mature. Most varieties like full sun, some like shade, and some will grow as an understory in a hardwood forest. Bamboo planted alone will form an exclusive grove with a leaf floor. It likes drainage. More benefits include: erosion control, bird habitat, animal feed, poles, basket making, flutes, and itšs green all winter! An excellent book, The Book of Bamboo, by John Farley, tells in interesting details everything that you might want to know about bamboo and hundreds of ways that it is used. {Ed. Note: Bamboos are either running or clumping types, with clumping types easier to contain. Sue and Adam are real bambuseros with experience in growing, propagating, transplanting, and selling over 150 species of bamboo. They also are the publisher s of the Temperate Bamboo Quarterly: A Forum for Sharing a Information and Views Among Bambuseros. Back Issues of Volume 1 (106 pages with Index) are available from them for $25 ppd. They are having difficulty in keeping TBQ financially stable, and are se eking assistance and hope that readers will buy extra copies for resale or gifts. They have done great work so we urge you to support their efforts. You should write for their catalogue and price list which lists available bamboo spp. by hardiness and sun -requirements. Sue and Adam have offered to host the 1995 Eastern Permaculture Gathering in south central Tennessee next summer, so be sure to plan on attending. Contact PcC for additional information} Rachel Conrad (160 King St., Abingdon, VA 24210) sends a publication, Plant Phenology in Eastern and Central North America. I. Development of Networks and Preliminary Results, by R.J. Hopp and B.O. Blair. Northeastern Regional Research Publication, Bull etin 677, Agriculture Experiment Station, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. September 1973. This bulletin summaries a series of phenological observations of blooming dates of the showy ornamental lilac shrub. Clonally produced (i.e. genetically identical) cuttings of ÕRed RothomagensisØ lilacs were grown at 700 sites in North America and Quebec and were monitored for first leaf emergence and peak flowering times. This information was gathered as a means of charting and better understanding the f lowering times of an obvious indicator plant to aid predictions of plant growth, development, and maturation cycles of economic plants. These phenotipic observations have allowed better understanding of insects, pathogens, and weed development to aid ti ming of biological and chemical control measures. While the results and maps given are from the late 1960's study, this article also includes nearly 60 references on phenological observation, including reference to a study at Oak Ridge recording flowering times of 225 vascular plant species between 1963-73. The reproduced maps from the 1969 article shows the general trend, but also identifies local effects due to elevation (mountains) and lake effects. [reduced maps here] Katuah Wild Forage Plants - Seasons of Availability Compiled by Lee Barnes 4/94 Key: Potato-starch from root, tuber, or corm: Flour-from dried/powdered roots, etc.; Fruit-juicy fruit- drinks, teas, jams etc.; Nuts/Seeds-flour/oils; Cooked Greens- require cooking to become edible; Salads-raw leaves; Teas-steeped leaves or roots. Note: Before eating any wild foods, be sure of their correct botanical identification and proper preparation to make them edible and non-poisonous. Season availability is based on southern Appalachian latitudes but is generally correct for all of eastern North America. Florida times will vary. PLANT SPRING SUMMER FALL WINTER Arrowhead flour flour flour Basswood seeds (late) seed Beechnuts nut/ oil Blackberries fruit blueberries fruit fruit Bracken Fern flour/ shoots flour flour Brambles tea Bullrush seed Bullrush flour flour flour Bullrush potato potato potato Burdock seed Butternut Hickory flour, nuts/oil Cattail potato flour flour Chestnuts nuts Chickweed greens Chinquapin nuts Cresses salad Curled Dock seed Dandelion salad Day-lily flour/ potato veggie Elderberry fruit Evening Primrose flour flour flour Goosefoot seed Grasses seed Greenbrier flour/ shoots flour flour Groundnut potato potato potato potato Hazelnut flour Hazelnut seed Hazelnuts nuts Honey Locust fruit/seeds Honey Locust seed Jack-in-Pulpit flour flour flour Jerusalem Artichokes potato flour potato Jewelweeds cooked greens Permaculture Connection Fall 1994 PLANT SPRING SUMMER FALL WINTER Kudzu steamed shoots greens flour Lambsquarter greens cooked greens seed Maples syrup syrup Mayapple fruit Morel vegetable Mountain-ash fruit fruit Nettles cooked greens/ tea tea Oaks flour/ seed Passionflower fruit fruits Persimmon fruit Pokeweed cooked greens Puffball veggie Purslain salad Ramps greens/ vegetables salad Raspberries fruit Redbud salads Sassafras tea tea tea Sedges flour flour flour Skunk Cabbage flour flour flour Solomn Seal potato/ flour potato/ flour potato/ flour potato/ flour Strawberries fruit Sumac fruit Sunflower flour Sunflower seed/ oil Violets salads/ teas Walnuts nuts/ oil Water Lotus flour flour flour Water Lotus potato potato potato White Waterlily potato potato potato Wild cherries fruit Wild Grapes fruit Wild mustards salad Wild onions veggie veggie veggie Wild plums fruit Wintergreen fruit/tea tea tea fruit wood-sorrel salad salad Yellow Pond Lily potato potato potato Yellow Pondlily seed Yellow Pondlily flour flour flour Primary sources: Myron Chase. 1965. Field Guide to Edible and Useful Wild Plants of North America.Nature Study Aids,Red Wing, MN., Lee Allen Peterson.1977. A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Co., and Tom Brown, Jr. 1985. Tom Brownšs Guide to Wild Edible and Medicinal Plants. Berkley Books. Calendar of Events November 4-12 1994 Deep Permaculture Design. Chuck Marsh (704-683-4946) or Peter Bane (615-583-2294). An 8-day Practicum in the Art of Permaculture Design. Glenagape Retreat Center, Oakridge, NC. This practicum is open to students who have completed the 1st. 8-day Pc Fundimentals Course and Pc Design Graduates. Contact Charlie Headington (910-273-7292) for registration info. November 11-13 Tilthšs 20th Anniversary Celebration. Corvallis, OR. Tilth 20th Anniverserary, PO Box 3588, Portland, OR 97208. December 4-17 Lost Valley Permaculture Design Course. Instructors:Rick Valley, Jude Hobbs, Tom Ward. Contact Lost Valley Education Center, 81868 Lost Valley Lane, Dexter OR 97431, (503)-937-3351. June 2-18, 1995 Womyn's Design Course. Dawn Shiner, Dancing Green, P.O. Box 157, Cochranton, PA 16314 (814)-425-8210. July 10-26, 1995 Men's and Womyn's Design Course. Dawn Shiner. August 11-27, 1995 Men's and Womyn's Design Course. Dawn Shiner. (Course Instructors should supply their 1995 teaching schedules to PcC by December 1st for inclusion in the Winter issue. Thanks, LB) 12= Mark Your Calendars! "Phenology" is the study of periodic biological phenomena, such as flowering, breeding, and migration. Observation of growth and flowering times of native and common "indicator" plants is useful for timing your garden planting times or wild food harvesti ng. One should begin with a medium sized calendar on which you may make notes. (many calendars are on sale now, many at 1/2 price!) Learn to observe and note flowering times of showy native perennials, and common trees and shrubs. Good indicator plants i nclude redbud, dogwood, and sourwood. Note any wildlife migrations such as the passage of spring robins, hawks and geese. With this accumulated biological time-piece, one can make better regional planting decisions such as, "plant corn when the leaves of the hickory are the size of a squirrel's ear." - useful guide since hickory are one of the later plants to "break" bud, perhaps helping planters to avoid late frosts or cold soils. Listen for local "lore" on planting, weather changes, etc. for your micro- region, and correlate this with your seasonal notes. We should accumulate this information for our micro-regions and share the findings - please send me your comments and recommendations so that we can develop a master list of plant phenomena and guild interactions.-- Lee Barnes, P.O. Box 1303, Waynesvill e, NC 28786. 13= Windows: A listing of plants with narrow propagation windows(4 -6 weeks) and wide (10-12 weeks) propagation windows for cuttings. Plants with Narrow (4-6 week period) Cutting Collection Window Acer spp., Amelanchier, Betula, Cerciphyllum, Cercus, Chionanthus, Cornus, Corylopsis, Cotinus, Eunonomymus, Fraxinus, Magnolia, Myrica, Philadelphus, Rhododendron spp.,Stewardia, Syringa, Ulmus Plants with wide (10-12 week) Cutting Collection Windows Acer spp., Amelanchier, Betula, Cercidephllum, Cercis, Deutzia, Forsythia, Frnaklinia, Halesia, Hydrangea, Ilex spp., Kerria, Lagerstroemia, Lonicera, Pachasandra, Potentilla, Prunus, Rosa, Spiraea, Viburnum, Wiegela. 14= Utilizing Heirloom Vegetables Lee Barnes Heirloom Seed References M.M. Vilmorin- Anrieux. 1856. The Vegetable Garden.: Illustrations, Descriptions and Culture of The Garden Vegetables of Cold And Temperate Climates. ( English Translation Reprinted by 10 Speed Press.). 620 pp. $12.95 -- beautifully illustrated heritage of vegetable varieties and growing techniques. Fearing Burr. 1863. Field and Garden Vegetables of America: Containing Full Descriptions of Nearly Eleven Hundred Species and Varieties; With Directions For Propagation, Culture and Use; Illustrated. 1988 Reprint by American Botanist.667 pp. -- classic l isting of mid-19th century plant varieties and farming/ gardening techniques. Excellent! Stephen Facciola. 1990. Cornucopia: A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publ. 677 pp. $35.00 -- incredible botanically arranged guide to edible plants, the best of its kind.! Describes over 3000 edible plants and their commercial sources. Extensive review of cultivars of over 100 major food plants. Lists 52 pages of domestic, foreign and commercial sources for these plants. Extensive Bibliography and appendices. Check it out ! Kent Whealy. 1988. Garden Seed Inventory.: An Inventory of Seed Catalogs Listing All Non-Hybrid Vegetable Seeds Still Available in the United States and Canada. 2nd Ed. Seed Savers Publ. 422 pp. $19.50 -- describes over 5000 non-hybrid varieties, inclu ding info on maturity dates, disease resistance, etc., as well as commercial resources. Kent Whealy. 1989. Fruit, Berry and Nut Inventory. Seed Savers Publ. 366 pp. $19.50 -- describes over 4,100 varieties available by mail-order, including variety names, history, hardiness, etc., as well as sources. Nancy Bubel. 1988. The New Seed-Starters Handbook. Rodale Press, 385 pp, $14.95. -- general text for seed-starting techniques for starting a variety of vegetables, fruits, trees, grains, herbs, etc. Includes 65-page section on seed-saving. Susanne Ashworth. 1991. Seed to Seed : Seed Saving Techniques for the Vegetable Gardener. Seed Savers Publ. 222 pp. $21.95 -- general techniques for saving non-hybrid seeds, with detailed suggests for saving over 250 major vegetables. Peter Donelan. 1986. Growing to Seed: Self-Teaching Mini-Series #13. Ecology Action.75 pp. ?$ -- concise, inexpensive guide. Unique in providing detailed charts which include minimum no. plants to collect from to maintain genetic diversity, expected seed yield, ect. One in series of excellent intensive gardening guides from John Jeavons and Ecology Action. Highly recommended. Robert Johnson, Jr. 1983. Growing Garden Seeds: A Manual for Gardeners and Small Farmers. Johnny's Select ed Seeds, Publ. 32 pp. $2.50 -- another highly recommended guides to seed-saving which details over 34 common garden plants. Seed Saving Organizations Seed Saver's Exchange P.O. Box 70, Decorah, IA 52101 -- non-profit, grassroots organization dedicated to preserving genetic diversity in fruits and vegetables. ($25.00 yr) Old Timey Flower Exchange A sub-group of SSE (see above) specializing in preservation of heirloom and native flowers. Native Seeds/S.E.A.R.C.H. 2509 N. Campbell Ave. #325, Tucson, AZ 85719. 602-327-9123 (no phone orders) -- non-profit, seed conservation organization, specializing in traditional crops of theUS Southwest and Northwest Mexico (hot peppers, beans, gourds, etc. Also sells misc. books, herbs, etc.($18.00 yr. Free membership to Native Americans). Heirloom/ Open-pollinated Seed Sources Southern Exposure Seed Exchange.,P.O. Box 158, North Garden, VA 22959 (804-973-4703) --specializes in O.P. Heirloons adapted to the Central Virginia Mountains. Recently founded "Seed Shares: The Gardener's Seed Bank", a project to distribute extre mely rare plant Cultivars. Also sells Seed Saving Supplies. Bountiful Gardens. Ecology Action, 19550 Walker Rd., Willits, CA 95490 -- wonderful selection of seeds, including select seeds from the Henry Doubleday Research Associates, renowned for their preservation of European Cultivars. Extensive book list. Eco logy Action is a non-profit research organization, dedicated to biointensive farming. Johnny's Select Seeds. Foss Hill Road, Albion, Maine 04910 -- excellent selection of tested O.P. seeds. Books, and Organic Supplies. Vermont Bean Co. -Seeds For The World. . Garden Lane, Fair Haven, Vermont 05743 -- specialize in bean varieties and oriental greens. Seed Saver's Exchange. Rural Route 3, Box 239, Decorah, Iowa, 52101. -- not a retail sales company, rather an focus for member-propagated and distributed heirloom varieties. (Membership $25/ Yr. ) . Members receive several publications each year, includ ing a Seed Savers Yearbook which lists the varieties availble from members. The 1991 Yearbook was 304 pages long!, with discriptions of thousands of varieties. SSE manages a Preservation Garden which preserves and increases an est. 5000 plant varieties. Also manage The Flower & Herb Exchange ( specializing in O.P. traditional varieties., $5.00 annual Membership) J.L. Hudson Seedsman P.O. Box 1058, Redwood, CA 94064 (Cat. $1.00)-- sells only O.P. varieties from all over the world. Unique collection! Redwood City Seed Co. P.O. Box 361, Redwood City, CA 94064. (Cat. $1.00) -- original alternative seed Company, specializes in hot peppers. R.H. Shumway. P.O. Box 1, Graniteville, SC 29829 (Cat. $1.00) -- dependable, well established (since 1870) seed house specializing in traditional O.P. varieties. Also southern adapted fruit and nut varieties. Native Seeds/ SEARCH. 2509 N. Campbell Ave. #325, Tucson AZ 85719 (Cat. $1.00) -- specializes in heirloom var. from Mexico and the SW Native Indians. Sells dried peppers, and other products. Abundant Life Seed Foundation. P.O. Box 772, Port Townsend, WA 98368 (Cat. $1.00) -- non-profit growers and collectors of non-hybrid seeds. Kalmia Farms. P.O. Box 3881, Charlottesvile, VA 22903 --specializes in multiplier onions, shallots ans garlic. Peace Seeds, 2385 S.E. Thompson St. Corvallis, OR 97333 (Cat. $3.50) -- extensive selection of heirloom varieties. and high nutrition vegetables, etc. Seeds Blûm Idaho City Stage, Boise, ID 83706 (Cat. $3.00) -- sells over 1000 varieties of O.P. seeds.. Wonderful selection.! Necessary Trading Company, P.O. Box 305, New Castle, VA 24127 -- offers wide variety of organic gardening supplies, natural pest controls, cover crop seeds, etc. Sandy Mush Herb Nursery, Rt. 2, Surrett Cove Rd., Leicester, NC 704-683-2014.-- extensive listing of herb plants, unusual perennials, etc.. (Cat. $4.00) Seeds of Change. 621 Old Santa Fe Trail, #10, Santa Fe, NM 87501 --specialize in traditional SW - O.P. varieties., selected for nutritional content, drought tolerance, and significance for genetic diversity. Henry Field's Seed & Nursery Co., 415 North Burnett, Shenandoah, IA 51602 --not organic, but good source for heirloom varieties of veggies, ornamental and fruit tree stock. High Altitude Gardens. P.O. Box 4619, Ketchum, ID 83340 (Cat. $3.00) -- specialize in varieties adapted to short season, high altitude climates. Southern Exposure Seed Exchange, P.O. Box 158, North Garden, VA 22959 (Cat. $3) -- feature O.P. veggies, herbs, some grains and beans adapted to mid-Atlantic region. Informative catalog with seed-saving info, and plant culture. Good selection of books an d seed-saving supplies. Wyatt- Quarles Seed Co., Box 739, Garner, NC 27529-- sell many O.P. varieties, as well as hybrid seed. Good selection of varieties which do well in the Piedmont and in the southeast. Pine Tree Garden Seeds, Box 300, New Gloucester, ME 04260-- specializes in small, economic affordible seed-packs. Very wide variety of seeds, and excellent book selection. The Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants, Monticello, P.O. Box 316, Charlottesvlle, VA 22902-- offers seeds of vegetable and many flowers grown by Jefferson. Heirloom Seeds, P.O. Box 245, W. Elizabeth, PA 15088 (Cat. $1)-- all seeds are standard, open pollinated varieties. Esp. good selection of historical tomato varieties. Totally Tomatoes, P.O. Box 1626, Augusta, GA 30903-- offers 250 varieties of tomatoes, both o.p. and hybrid. Offers a few pepper varieties. Sunrise Enterprises, P.O. Box 330058, West Hartford, Connecticut 06133 (Cat. $2)-- wonderful selection of oriental vegetables and flower seeds. Also sells books. 15= Sustainable Agriculture on the Internet Selected Resources There are a myriad of resources on the internet for sustainable agriculture, per maculture & bioregionalism. Here is a sample. Contents Newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 alt.sustainable.agriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Gophers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Australian Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) 3 Ecogopher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 PeaceNet's Gopher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Sustainable Development Information Network (SDIN) . . . . 4 Veronica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 SunSite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 PeaceNet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 About The Alternative Reading Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 call on Paula Davidson at The Alternative Reading Room. We're open Wednesday - Thursday 11-6; Friday-Saturday 11-9 and Sunday 11-3. 40 Wall Street Asheville, NC 28801 (704) 252-2501 tarr@mercury.interpath.net Newsgroups Newsgroups are a kind of global-community bulletin board. People can post messag es and queries and respond to existing messages. There are currently over 8,000 groups on topics ranging from the silly to the sublime. There is a newsgroup called alt.sustainable.agriculture. A sample of topics listed on 7/26/94 1 + World Hunger Program - Brown U. James L. Novak 2 + World Hunger Program - Brown U x1msmith@exnet.ias 3 + Volunteers Needed: Biointensive in Kenya Sequoia333 4 + Transfer to sustainable ag: farmers and land kristin 5 + Sustainable Retirement King Collins 6 + soil degradation James Byron Houser 7 + 2 Seeds Tomato/e Jim Dixon 8 + Seed Sources Marlin Nissen 9 + Resource Books on Community Michael Forster 10 + Renewable Energy on CD Don Kulha 11 + 2 Online Resource Pointer #6 Pesticide Action N 12 + New Sust. Ag. Resources Center for Policy 13 + maritime permaculture course Douglas Smith 14 + Inquiry: Farmscaping JOHNV@envsci.uogue 15 + INPUT NEEDED ON WOMEN & AGRICULTURE H.FELDSTEIN@CGNET. 16 + 2 Human Economy newsletter John Applegath 17 + 4 Grad programs - Internat'l Devel Internat'l Center- 18 + Grad programs - Int. Development Findeis Peter M 19 + Glyphosate & Surfactants Anthony C Tweedale 20 + 3 deep-rooted plants' P & K extraction? Tero Laakkonen 21 + Case Studies/Examples NPS Financing Nathaniel Cordova 22 + Aquaculture William Bode 23 + Ants and Spiders Marlin Nissen 24 + ANNOUNCE: Alt Ag Res and Commer.(AARC) accep Gabriel Gophers Gophers are tunnels that map significant sites on the internet. They are a lot o f fun to use and can be valuable resources. There are many environmental gophers in place now. Here are a few. Australian Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) gopher kaos.erin.gov.au The main menu looks like this. (Lines ending with a / lead to a submenu) Australian Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) [selected menu items] --> 1. ERIN Information and Systems Overview/ 2. Biodiversity/ 3. Protected Areas/ 5. Climate/ 6. Environment Protection/ 7. Environmental Monitoring/ 8. National State of the Environment Reporting for Australia/ 9. Legislation/ 13. Reports of Environmental Workshops, Conferences and Papers/ 16. Search all contents of this Gopher Ecogopher gopher ecosys.drdr.virginia.edu EcoGopher at Univ. of Virginia --> 1. Welcome to the EcoGopher Project at the University of Virginia!/ 2. The U.Va. Division of Recoverable and Disposable Resources 3. The University of Virginia Environmental Programs/ 4. Connect to the U.Va. Resource Tracking System!/ 5. Organization: Environmental Groups/ 6. Action: Programs, Calendars and Things To Do/ 7. Communication: Electronic Mailing List Mailboxes/ 8. Education: The EcoGopher Environmental Library/ 9. Exploration: Gopher-accessible services/ 10. EcoChat is Down Temporarily (7/10/94) 11. Katie - Keyword-search of All Text In EcoSystems 13. EcoLynx - access to the World Wide Web of Hyper-text! PeaceNet's Gopher gopher igc.apc.org Root gopher server: igc.apc.org --> 1. About IGC Networks, APC Networks and this Gopher/ 2. IGC Headline News/ 3. Publications and News Services on the IGC Networks/ 4. Organizations on the IGC Networks/ 5. Environment/ 6. Peace, Human Rights, and Social Justice/ 7. Conflict Resolution/ 8. Labor/ 9. Women/ 10. Race and Ethnicity/ 11. Trade/ 12. Government and Law/ 13. Sustainable Development/ 14. Education and Youth/ 15. United Nations & International Agencies/ 16. Progressive Gophers/ 17. Internet Resources/ 18. Progressive Catalog/ Sustainable Development Information Network (SDIN) gopher gopher.internet.com At the menu for "Root gopher server: gopher.internet.com" select menu option: "T he Civic Network (civic.net)/" At the civic.net menu, select menu option "Sustainable Development Information N etwork/" And you will see the following menu (or one similar, they do evolve): Sustainable Development Information Network 1. Welcome to SDIN: The Sustainable Development Information Network 2. CCN - The Center for Civic Networking/ 3. Sustainable Development Mailing List 4. Demographic, Statistical, and Geographic Data (under construction)/ 5. Sustainable Cambridge Coalition 6. The Civic Network (civic.net)/ 7. 8. Other Internet Resources for Sustainable Development/ Here is the text of option 1: Welcome ... Welcome to the Sustainable Development Information Network (SDIN) Sustainability: "Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future gen erations to meet their own needs." World Commission on Environment and Developme nt, Our Common Future, 1987. "A sustainable community utilizes its natural, human, and technological resource s to insure that members of present and future generations can attain a high deg ree of health and well- being, economic security, and a say in shaping their fut ures while main taining the integrity of the ecological system upon which all life and productio n depends." Anthony Corteze SDIN is an evolving project of The Center for Civic Networking, to provide onlin e resources to support sustainable development at local and regional levels. Menu option 8 takes you to these internet resources. Other Internet Resources for Sustainable Development --> 1. * To Suggest Additions to this Menu * 2. Communications for a Sustainable Future (Boulder, Colorado)/ 3. Earth Summit (UNCED)/ 4. Economic Resources (Communities for a Sustainable Future)/ 5. EnviroGopher/ 6. Great Lakes Information Network/ 7. IGC (EcoNet) Gopher: Environment Section/ 8. List of Sustainability and Development Gophers from Univ. of Georg../ 9. Misc. Economic Information/ 10. Sustainable Agriculture: Directory of People and Organizations/ 11. Sustainable Agriculture: Directory of People and Organizations/ 12. The Presidio - converting a Military Base to a Public Park/ 13. UN Sustainable Development Network/ 14. United Nations Development Programme Gopher/ Veronica is a program that allows searching gopher tunnels for specific informat ion. Gophers by themselves will show you only what is a part of the the current gopher. Veronica searches, not all gophers, but many of them, including director y and file name s *and* the full text of files. Search Gopherspace Using Veronica at NYSERNet: permaculture or bioregion* 1. 94-04-01-17: Institute for Bioregional Studies --> 3. Sustaining Bioregional Development 8. Institute for Bioregional Studies 9. 94-04-02-15: Institute for Bioregional Studies 10. 94-02-21-02: Institute for Bioregional Studies 11. 93-09-28-21: Institute for Bioregional Studies 12. 93-11-08-16: Black Mesa Permaculture Project 13. 93-10-30-00: Institute for Bioregional Studies 14. 94-04-14-14: Re: Institute for Bioregional Studies 15. 94-01-24-21: Institute for Bioregional Studies 16. Overcoming Obstacles to Bioregional Planning 17. Chesapeake BIOS (Bioregional Information Online Service)/ 18. 94-05-03-01: Sustaining Bioregional Development 19. Institute_for_Bioregional_Studi 20. Sustaining Bioregional Development --> 21. permaculture/ 22. 94-04-13-11: Institute for Bioregional Studies we took a look in the permaculture directory (#21) and found the following: permaculture --> 1. AquaNIC/ 2. Bear.Tribe/ 3. CGER.Living-Machines/ 4. Ecosystem.Management 9. azolla.request4info 10. bat-house.book 11. bat-houses.info 12. bats 13. books/ 14. csa.software/ 15. discussion-groups/ 16. earth.ponds.info 18. edible.flowers/ SunSite and finally we go to SunSite [selected items from the SunSite Gopher Menu] 1. About The Worlds of SunSITE 12. Poetry and Creative Writing materials for browsing and searching/ 13. Religious Texts for browsing and searching/ 14. Search ERIC digests --> 15. Sustainable Agriculture Information/ Sustainable Agriculture Information (#15) selected menu items --> 1. Agricutural Library Forum (ALF) 3. Alternative Healthcare Information / 11. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service Information/ 12. Pesticide Education/ 14. Renewable Energy Information / 15. Rural Skills: food, woodworking, metalworking, rural life, etc./ 21. aquaculture-bioremediation-hyperaccumulators / 22. beekeeping / 23. biocontrol / 24. biodynamics / 25. bioremed / 26. botany / 27. compost / 29. cover-crops / 30. csa / 33. faqs/ 34. farm.co-ops / 35. farmers-markets / --> 36. fruit / 37. gardening / 39. gopher-holes / 41. horticulture / 44. integrated-pest-management / 49. net-resources / 54. permaculture / 57. vermiculture / PeaceNet PeaceNet is a member of the Institute for Global Communication's network system (along with Econet, ConflictNet and LaborNet). This international system is dedi cated to environmental preservation, human rights, sustainable development, peac e, and social j ustice. We saw their gopher earlier in this report. Now we are going to take a look at what is available there, for members. We have enjoyed great success with posting queries to PeaceNet conferences when we need information we couldn't fi nd elsewhere. W e always receive helpful replies within a day or two. PeaceNet is arranged in Conferences. We did a search to see if any conferences c overed sustainable agriculture oe permaculture. -- conference directory -- Search: (i)ndividual lists, or for ALL lists (? for help): Enter name, keyword, or for all (? for help): permaculture Do you want: a (b)rief, (m)edium or (c)omplete listing (? for help): c Conferences marked with a `*' are privately listed to your group `pnmisc'. Permaculture Conferences ** APC Public Conferences: susag.permacul Description: Forum to promote & inform users about the importance of permaculture, a system aiming to live in harmony with the planet, creating a sustainable regime, improving and repairing the land. keys: sustainable, agriculture, farming ** Organization-Sponsored Conferences: ipc5.permacult Description: To solicit electronic particpation in the Fifth International Permaculture Conference in Copenhagen August 26th through 29th 1993. Permaculture is applied ecology for the purposes of regeneration and sustainability. See int.permaculture for more info. Sponsor: Permakulturgruppen i DANMARK Contacts: ipcvcph@gn keys: permaculture, agriculture, development, bioregional, community, ecology, technology, sustainability, environment, biology, botonay lets.women Description: This LETS conference acts as a forum for support and general information sharing. Sponsor: LETSystem Contacts: peg:kaarenp keys: women, economics, permaculture, technology, employment, business, sustainable systems, LETS And then we searched for "bioregion" -- conference directory -- Search: (i)ndividual lists, or for ALL lists (? for help): Enter name, keyword, or for all (? for help): bioregion Do you want: a (b)rief, (m)edium or (c)omplete listing (? for help): c Conferences marked with a `*' are privately listed to your group `pnmisc'. Conferences on Bioregionalism ** APC Public Conferences: bioreg.congres Description: Organizing our bioregions, promoting cultural diversity, building alliances and coalitions. Sponsor: No. American Bioregional Congress Contacts: napc keys: gender, race, class, animals, species env.dams Description: Issues related to dam projects. International discussion of: mega-projects, case studies, bioregional assessment, indigenous issues, ecological impacts, alternatives, economic and development issues, bio- and cultural diversity. Sponsor: Cultural Survival (Canada) Contacts: web:csc keys: hydro, energy, irrigation, rivers, watersheds, reservoirs env.klamath Description: Information and discussion forum for the Klamath bioregion of nowrthwest California and southwest Oregon. Contacts: aalm cred keys: bioregion, biodiversity ** Organization-Sponsored Conferences: ipc5.permacult Description: To solicit electronic particpation in the Fifth International Permaculture Conference in Copenhagen August 26th through 29th 1993. Permaculture is applied ecology for the purposes of regeneration and sustainability. See int.permaculture for more info. Sponsor: Permakulturgruppen i DANMARK Contacts: ipcvcph@gn keys: permaculture, agriculture, development, bioregional, community, ecology, technology, sustainability, environment, biology, botonay We then visited a conference: newsgroup alt.sustainable.agriculture 1 + World Hunger Program - Brown U. James L. Novak 2 + World Hunger Program - Brown U x1msmith@exnet.ias 3 + Volunteers Needed: Biointensive in Kenya Sequoia333 4 + Transfer to sustainable ag: farmers and land kristin 5 + Sustainable Retirement King Collins 6 + soil degradation James Byron Houser 7 + 2 Seeds Tomato/e Jim Dixon 8 + Seed Sources Marlin Nissen 9 + Renewable Energy on CD Don Kulha 10 + PANUPS: 2.23 Billion Pounds/Year PANNA InfoPubs 11 + Online Resource Pointer #6 Pesticide Action N 12 + New Sust. Ag. Resources Center for Policy 13 + maritime permaculture course Douglas Smith 14 + INPUT NEEDED ON WOMEN & AGRICULTURE H.FELDSTEIN@CGNET. 15 + Human Economy newsletter John Applegath 16 + 3 Grad programs - Internat'l Agril Devel Internat'l Center- 17 + Grad programs - Int. Development Findeis Peter M 18 + Glyphosate & Surfactants Anthony C Tweedale 19 + 3 deep-rooted plants' P & K extraction? Tero Laakkonen 20 + Case Studies/Examples NPS Financing Nathaniel Cordova 21 + Aquaculture William Bode 22 + Ants and Spiders Marlin Nissen 23 + ANNOUNCE: Alt Ag Res/Commer.(AARC) accep Gabriel Hegyes 24 + 4 (none) cdean1@cs.amc.edu. About The Alternative Reading Room The Alternative Reading Room (tarr) was founded in 1990 by a local man who want ed to create a place where people could see the kinds of magazines not found in traditional public & academic libraries. Seeded with 100 magazines subscriptio ns and staffed by volunteers, tarr has grown to include over 275 subscriptions, a full-time di rector and a part-time zine clerk. Our primary collection interests include the environment, social & political is sues, the media, religion & atheism, peace, news, and culture (lately leaning h eavily towards cyberculture). We recently began picking up a lot of conservativ e/right wing vi ews. Some of our titles include: Factsheet5, Lesbian Contradiction, Earth First !, The Conservative Chronicle, Bulletin of Primitive Technology, Men's Stuff, Fugitive Pope, Lies of Our Times, Index on Censorship, Human Life Review, Radic al Teacher, Chr istopher Street, American Atheist, The Door, Off Our Backs, The Spotlight, Z Ma gazine, American Spectator, Profane Existance, Wired, Talking Dreamtime, The Pe rmaculture Activist. We maintain a miscellaneous collection of magazines we don't subscribe to, but are, nevertheless, interesting (we get sample issues, people bring stuff in & s o on). These tend to be fringe areas, true zines: transgender support, aryan na tion, gorrilla grrls, mail art. The Alternative Press Index is our basic access tool (we subscribe to about hal f what they index). We also watch for indexes published in magazines are photo copy them to be stored in binders. We maintain a database of our subscription t itles and are c urrently working on updating it to include our holdings. We will happily send you our holdings list when it's ready, just ask. Over the past few years tarr has slowly begun to take note of cyberspace. Altho ugh we've always carried a few online accounts off & on, we've only just begun to embrace the net as a holistic resource for information, communication, cultu ral interaction We started out on PeaceNet, some time ago, searching for alternative viewpoints (you can get a taste of Peacenet with ). Peacenet is an extrao rdinary place, maintaining diverse & active conferences on the environment, hum an rights, conf lict mediation, & international politics. We're now carrying accounts on the in ternet, peacenet, the Well, Women's Wire, MindVox and Zbbs. Soon we may open a ccounts on some commercial sites like Compuserve & Delphi. The idea is to conduct research for Readers, take Readers out into cyberspace s o they can *see* what is going on & how it works, and teach people how to get a long there & use tools. Exploration & tool use are our current interests. Here in the mountain s of North Carolina folks don't have a lot of opportunity to cruise the nets. N et access here is still pretty much limited to academics, governmental people & those with $$ to buy commercial accounts. So tarr travels for them. We go out & *see* things and, in some cases, bring them back to our earthly kin, and in other cases, we return with tales of brave Ulysses. Send us you favorite webs sites, telnets and gophers; ask for ours. 16= =============================================== Permaculture in the Piedmont Resources Developed by Lee Barnes P.O. Box 1303, Waynesville, NC 28786 (704)-452-5716 Weed I.D. and Control Jon Stucky, T.J. Monaco, and A.D. Worsham. 1981. Identifying Seedling and Mature Weeds Common in the Southeastern United States. NC Ag. Extension Service. Bull. No. 461 AG-208. 197 pp. (for sale) - wonderful for weed I.D. with color photos of weed seeds, seedling, flower, and mature plant. USDA. Agricultural Research Service. 1971. Common Weeds of the United States. Dover.463 pp. -beautiful illustrations and range maps of weeds (arranged by plant families) with general comments. John Fogg. 1945. Weeds of Lawn and Garden: A handbook for eastern temperate North America. Univ. Penn. Press. 215 pp. nicely illustrated with interesting comments. Walter Muenscher. 1955. Weeds. 2nd. Ed. Cornell Univ. Press. 586 pp.. - excellent guide to weeds with recommend pre-herbicide era control strategies. A.E. Radford, H.E. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. UNC Press1183 pp. - the book for plant I.D., technical but includes glossary and plant distribution maps. Insects Roger Bland. 1978. How to Know the Insects. 3rd. Ed. Wm. C. Brown Publ.409 pp. - my favorite book on insect I.D. Cynthia Westcott. 1964. The Gardener's Bug Book. 3rd. Ed. Doubleday & Co.625 pp. - detailed info about garden and field insects. Includes list of plant spp. and which insects commonly feed on them. Beatrice Hunter. 1971. Gardening without Poisons. Berkley Publishing. 352 pp. - covers many organic techniques, homemade sprays, beneficials etc. Robert Rodale. 1971. The Basic Book of Organic Gardening. Ballintine Books. 378 pp. - great inexpensive book on O.G. plus insect control, etc. Aquaculture William McLarney. 1987. The Freshwater Aquaculture Book. Cloudburst Press. 583 pp. - THE book for small scale fish culture in North America.