Federalism, ethnic conflict and the politics of national reconciliation
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The Peace Processes
Individual Documents
| Title: | | Midwifing a Burmese peace |
| Date of publication: | | 08 March 2012 |
| Description/subject: | | "The government of President Thein Sein has had considerable success in wooing Western countries with a flurry of reforms. A transition to peaceful democracy, however, will be simply impossible without overcoming decades of mistrust and acrimony between the state and armed ethnic groups. Third-party mediation, whether through the U.N. or the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean), is the way forward.Representatives of the government recently signed agreements with the United Wa State Army, the National Democratic Alliance Army, the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army, the Restoration Council of Shan State, the Chin National Front, the Karen National Union, the Shan State Progress Party and the New Mon State Party. Despite these agreements, and promises by the regime to follow up with development projects and parliamentary discussion, some groups refuse to negotiate and violence continues. Kachin state is currently experiencing its worst fighting in decades in some areas, with continuing reports of gross human rights abuses by the military against ethnic minorities..." |
| Author/creator: | | Eva Kusuma Sundari |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | "Wall Street Journal" via Burmanet News |
| Format/size: | | html |
| Date of entry/update: | | 01 September 2012 |
|
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Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Cooperation Committee (ENSCC)
(now merged into the Ethnic Nationalities Council)
Individual Documents
| Title: | | Road map for rebuilding the Pyi-Daung-Su Myanmar Naing-Ngan-Daw Union of Burma |
| Date of publication: | | 02 September 2003 |
| Description/subject: | | "... in spirit of Panglong, we are committed to national reconciliation and to the rebuilding of the Union as equal partners in the process. We believe that in order to establish a stable, peaceful and prosperous nation, the process of rebuilding the Union must be based on a democratic process which includes the following basic principles:
1. A peaceful resolution of crisis in the Union
2. The resolution of political problems through political dialogue
3. Respect for the will of the people,
4. The recognition and protection of the rights of all citizens of the Union,
5. The recognition and protection of the identity,language, religion, and culture rights all of
nationalities,
6. The recognition and protection of the rights of the constituent states of the Union through
a federal arrangement.
Therefore, in the interest of the nation, we recommend a two-stage process to generate confidence in the transition to democracy:..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Cooperation Committee Union of Burma (ENSCC) |
| Format/size: | | html (13K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 30 September 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC : The Constitutional Crisis |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | "After the end of the Second World War, the leaders of the various ethnic nationalities met in 1946 in Panglong to deliberate the possibility of a future together after the proposed withdrawal of British protection. General Aung San, the Burman leader of the independence struggle in Ministerial Burma participated in the 2nd Panglong Conference in February 1947. He proposed that the separate ethnic homelands in the Frontier Areas be joined to Ministerial Burma as equal partners in a ‘Union of Burma’ to hasten the process of achieving independence from Britain..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | htmlo (14K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC Mission Statement |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | 1. Background History, Mandate and Mission;
2. Dialogue Strategy;
2.1. Tripartite Dialogue; 2.2. Ethnic Nationalities Conference; 2.3. International Lobby Trips; 2.4.Panglong Initiative: More Concrete Plan (on Humanitarian Aid, Cease Fire, and Political Dialogue); 3.1. Tactics & Strategy : Federalism vs. Independence; 3.2. The Mode of Representation: States- or Ethnic-based?; 4. Statement on the Release of Daw Aung Suu Kyi(Date: 9 May 2002); 5. The ENSCC Committee Members; Appendix:
SCC Position on Humanitarian Aid: Decision made at the SCC meeting held in January 2001. |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Cooperation Committee |
| Format/size: | | html (77K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC Policy paper: The New Panglong Initiative - Re-building the Union of Burma |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | "Preamble:
Over five decades ago, while our leaders were meeting in Panglong to deliberate the possibility of a future together after the proposed withdrawal of British protection, General Aung San, the Burman leader of the independence struggle in Ministerial Burma arrived. He instead proposed that our separate homelands in the Frontier Areas be joined to Ministerial Burma as equal partners in a new ‘Union of Burma’ to hasten the process of achieving independence from Britain. On 11 February 1947, he said:
The dream of a unified and free Burma has always haunted me … We who are gathered here tonight are engaged in the pursuit of the same dream.… We have in Burma many indigenous peoples: the Karen, the Kachin, the Shan, the Chin, the Burmans and others… In other countries too there are many indigenous peoples, many “races.”… Thus “races” do not have rigid boundaries. Religion is no barrier either, for it is a matter of individual conscience… If we want the nation to prosper, we must pool our resources, manpower, wealth, skills and work together. If we are divided, the Karen, the Shan, the Kachin, the Chin, the Burman, the Mon and the Arakanese, each pulling in a different direction, the Union will be torn, and we will come to grief. Let us unite and work together.
Our forefathers agreed and the Panglong Agreement came into being, providing a legal framework within which the different ethnic peoples would cooperate as equals. The Aung San-Attlee Agreement, which paved the way for Burma’s independence, had called for the “unification of the Frontier Areas and Ministerial Burma with the free consent of those areas.” The Panglong Agreement, therefore, became the basis for the 1947 Union Constitution and the Republic of the Union of Burma gained independence in 1948.
We, the representatives of the Arakan, Chin, Kachin, Karen, Karenni, Mon and Shan peoples, therefore, in the spirit of Panglong, are putting forward our vision of how our peoples can once again work together voluntarily as equals with the Burmans to rebuild the Republic of the Union of Burma, which has been devastated by five decades of war..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (36K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC: Humanitarian Aid |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | "In order to rebuild the Union of Burma, any ‘Transitional Authority’ will face tremendous challenges. It cannot convene a new ‘Panglong Conference’ or ‘Constitutional Convention’, without also dealing with the huge problems facing the nation – both economic and social..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (13K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC: Tripartite Dialogue |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | "A 'Tripartite Dialogue' is usually understood to mean a dialogue amongst three parties: the military government (SPDC), the democracy forces (NLD) and the ethnic nationalities. The notion of 'Tripartite Dialogue', therefore, highlights the indispensable participation of the ethnic nationalities in political transition and national reconciliation processes..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (14K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC: Vision for the Future |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | "The ENSCC firmly believe that the crisis in the Union of Burma today is rooted in a political problem, specifically a constitutional one – the non-adherence to the spirit of Panglong.
The ENSCC believes that differences can be overcome through political means, i.e. through political dialogue, negotiations and compromise. The ENSCC, therefore, welcomes the current ‘Talks’ between Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC)..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (13K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Co-operation Committee [history and composition] |
| Date of publication: | | 2002 |
| Description/subject: | | 'The "Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Co-operation Committee" (ENSCC) was formed in August 2001 to co-ordinate the work of the following non-Burman political groupings:
§ National Democratic Front (NDF),
§ United Nationalities League for Democracy - Liberated Area (UNLD-LA),
§ Non-ceasefire groups like the Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP), and
§ Ceasefire groups...' |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (39K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | Law Khii Lah Statement (August 2001) |
| Date of publication: | | 30 August 2001 |
| Description/subject: | | Law Khii Lah Statement - Translation
ETHNIC NATIONALITIES SEMINAR 2001
(30 August 2001)
"Ethnic nationalities leaders from major organizations met at Law Khii Lah, Kawthoolei, in August 2001, and discussed the need for unity and closer cooperation. The leaders agreed on the need to strengthen the unity of the ethnic nationalities and a working committee, the Ethnic Nationalities Solidarity and Cooperation Committee (ENSCC), was established. The Committee was entrusted with the task of fostering unity and cooperation between all ethnic nationalities and to promote a peaceful political settlement in Burma through a ‘Tripartite Dialogue’..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (26K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
| Title: | | ENSCC: Rationale for the New Panglong Initiative |
| Date of publication: | | August 2001 |
| Description/subject: | | WHY REBUILD THE UNION OF BURMA?...
Introduction:
"‘Secret Talks’ between Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of the National League for Democracy (NLD), and the generals of the State peace and Development Council (SPDC) began in October 2000, and is still on-going.
To date, no substantive matters have been discussed. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has in the past said that she will not make decisions without broader consultations and that she supports United Nations General Assembly resolutions calling for a ‘Tripartite Dialogue’ involving the military, the democracy forces and the non-Burman ethnic peoples.1
The international community very much wants the ‘Secret Talks’ to succeed and develop further into a political dialogue, which will bring about change in Burma. The UN Special Envoy has visited Burma four times since mid-2000 and is about to make another visit in August 2001. Most countries agree that a ‘Tripartite Dialogue’ is needed.
However, there is the possibility that the ‘Secret Talks’ could break down. The fact that Daw Aung San Suu Kyi did not attend the 19 July Martyrs’ Day Ceremony signals that all is not well despite the SPDC’s assurances to the contrary..." |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | ENSCC |
| Format/size: | | html (42K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 June 2003 |
|
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Federal and State constitutions
For the past few years, groups from Burma's seven States have been drafting State Constitutions. These are all in draft form and will be updated in this library when new versions become available. What is important in comparing these texts with the principles produced by the SPDC's "National" Convention is that these drafts are rights-based, including the right to popular participation, and federal in conception. On the other hand, the SPDC "Fundamental Principles and Detailed Basic Principles" which may be considered a pre-draft constitution, are authoritarian and unitary.
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Federal and State constitutions (texts)
Individual Documents
| Title: | | Shan State Constitution (2nd Draft) |
| Date of publication: | | 20 September 2008 |
| Description/subject: | | Contents:
Foreword for the second draft (A- C)...
Preamble...
Chapter One Chief Characteristics ...
Chapter Two Bill of Rights, Guarantees and Duties ...
Chapter Three Member sub-states of Shan State ...
Chapter Four Shan State Congress ...
Chapter Five Shan State Legislation ...
Chapter Six Shan State President ...
Chapter Seven Shan State Government ...
Chapter Eight Shan State Judiciary ...
Chapter Nine Citizenship ...
Chapter Ten State Defense and Security Forces ...
Chapter Eleven State of Emergency ...
Chapter Twelve General Provisions ...
Chapter Thirteen Transitional Provisions ...
Chapter Fourteen Amendment of the Constitution ...
Appendix (1) Shan State Flag (Article 76)...
Appendix (2) Shan State Anthem (Article 179) - 3 -...
Appendix (3) Structure of Shan State. |
| Language: | | Burmese, English |
| Source/publisher: | | Shan State Constitution Drafting Commission (SSCDC) |
| Format/size: | | pdf (681K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 06 May 2009 |
|
| Title: | | The Fifth Draft of Chinland Constitution |
| Date of publication: | | 2008 |
| Description/subject: | | PART ONE:(1)Preamble..(2)Part One:The territory of Chinland..(3)Part Two:Presiding Ideals..(4) Part Three:Individual Rights..(5) Part Four:Individual Duties..(6) Part Five:Language..(7) Part Six:Chin Ethnicity and Culture..(8) Part Seven:Citizenship..(9) Part Eight:Suffrage.. (10) Part Nine:The Legislature (11)Part Ten:The Executive..(12)Part Eleven:The Judiciary..(13)Part Twelve:Administration..(14)Part Thirteen:The Civil Service Commission..(15)Part Fourteen:Impeachment..(16)Part Fifteen:Local Government..(17)Part Sixteen:Finance, Revenue, and Taxation..(18)Part Seventeen:Public Education..(19)Part Eighteen:Public Health..(20)Part Nineteen:Public Welfare..(21)Part Twenty:Culture and Media..(22)Party Twenty-One:State Armed Forces..(23)Part Twenty-Two:State of Emergency..(24)Part Twenty-Three:General Provision..(25)Part Twenty-Four:Inter-State and State-Federal Relations..(26)Part Twenty-Five:Amendment of Constitution..(27)Part Twenty-Six:Ratification..... PART TWO:Suppression of Chin National Movement for Federalism..... PART THREE:(i)The Chin Forum Managing Board (CFMB)... (ii) Chin Forum Chronology of Events |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | The Chin Forum |
| Format/size: | | pdf (1.11 MB) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 16 September 2010 |
|
| Title: | | Karenni State: Second Draft Constitution |
| Date of publication: | | 2007 |
| Description/subject: | | 1. The Emergence of Karenni State Constitution;
2. Introduction;
3. Preamble;
4. The Attributes of the Karenni State;
5. The Basic rights;
6. The Structure of the Karenni State;
7. The Chambers of the State Parliament;
8. The Karenni State Legislation Process;
9. The State Government;
10. The Judiciary;
11. Financial Ordinances;
12. Citizenship;
13. Maintaining Customs its Chieftains;
14. Institution of the Commissions;
15. Amending of the Constitution;
16. National Emergency Law;
17. National Defense;
18. Police Force;
19. National Economy.
N. B. the text is undated. We have guessed at a date in 2007. |
| Language: | | English, Burmese |
| Source/publisher: | | Karenni State Constitution Drafting Committee |
| Format/size: | | pdf (522K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 23 September 2007 |
|
| Title: | | Draft Constitution of Future Rahmonya Mon State |
| Date of publication: | | December 2006 |
| Description/subject: | | THE FORMATION OF RAHMONYA MON STATE; THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE; THE STATE PARLIAMENT AND THE FEDERAL PARLIAMENT; ELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE HOUSE OF RAHMONYA MON
STATE PARLIAMENT; RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RAHMONYA MON STATE AND FEDERAL
UNION; RAHMONYA MON STATE GOVERNMENT; LEGISATION (MAKING LAWS); THE JUDICIALSYSTEM OF RAHMONYA MON STATE; PUBLIC SERVANTS; NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE ENVIRONMENT; EDUCATION; WORKERS; HEALTH; FINANCE AND TREASURY; TAXATION AND REVENUES; THE ECONOMY; DEFENCE AND SECURITY; SOCIAL SECURITY; FARMERS (INCLUDING GARDENERS, CULTIVATORS ETC.); ETHNIC GROUPS OR RACES OF RAHMONYA MON STATE; PUBLIC RELATIONS; AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION; |
| Language: | | Burmese and English |
| Format/size: | | pdf (361K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 18 September 2007 |
|
| Title: | | The Second Proposed Draft of Future Constitution of Kawthoolei (Karen State) |
| Date of publication: | | 08 August 2006 |
| Description/subject: | | Table of Contents:
Bill of Rights;
General Provisions;
Legislature;
Executive;
Judiciary;
Suffrage and Elections;
Local Government;
Finance and Taxation;
Education;
Amendments;
Miscellaneous. |
| Language: | | English, Burmese |
| Source/publisher: | | Karen State Constitution Drafting Committee (SCDC) |
| Format/size: | | pdf (222K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 23 September 2007 |
|
| Title: | | Shan State Constitution, First Draft |
| Date of publication: | | 24 May 2006 |
| Description/subject: | | CONTENT
Forward;
Preamble;
Founding Provision;
Supremacy of Constitution...
CHAPTER [1]
Characteristics;
Name: Shan State;
Supremacy of Constitution;
Citizenship;
National Flag;
National Anthem;
National Capital;
Nation Seals;
A multi-ethnic Nation/State...
CHAPTER [2]
Bill of Rights;
Human dignity;
Freedom and Security;
Religion and belief;
Freedom of expression and information;
Freedom of Assembly;
Freedom of Association;
Freedom of movement and residence;
Freedom of trade;
Labor Rights;
Land and property ownership rights;
Right to environmental protection;
The right to informed choice;
The right to be served by the Public Institutions;
Rights Abuse Prevention Measure;
Human Rights Promotion Measure;
The rights to recall and impeachment;
Duty and Responsibility of Citizens and Civil Society Organizations;
Duty of Media and its Responsibility;
Rights of differently able people;
Rights of people to initiate legislation...
CHAPTER [3]
Legislature...
CHAPTER [4]
Legislative Powers;
National Congress;
Legislative Powers of National Congress;
Formation of House of Nationalities;
Exclusive legislative power;
Ordinary Bills;
Formation of House of People’s Representatives;
Legislative Power of House of People’s Representatives;
State Constitution (Constituent State);
Special Provision;
Formation of the State Legislature;
Legislative Power [Const State];
House of National Ethnics;
Formation of State House of People’s Representatives;
Legislative powers provided for the State House of People’s ;
Representatives;
Legislative powers provided for the Sub-States and ;
Autonomous Regions;
Local Government;
Municipal of Township Administration;
Village Tract Administration;
Village Administration...
CHAPTER [5]
National Executive.
Federal Union Executive;
Constituent State’s Executive...
CHAPTER [6]
Judicial Power [Judiciary]...
CHAPTER [7]
General Provisions;
Note: Spread out to other chapters/provisions...
CHAPTER [8]
The amendment of the constitution. |
| Language: | | English |
| Source/publisher: | | Shan State Constitution Drafting Commission |
| Format/size: | | pdf (244K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 18 September 2007 |
|
| Title: | | Kachin State Constitution (Draft) |
| Date of publication: | | 2006 |
| Description/subject: | | Contents: Chapter (1) Kachin State;
Chapter (2) Fundamental Rights and Freedoms;
Chapter (3) Kachin State Legislative Assembly;
Chapter (4) Kachin State Government;
Chapter (5) Suffrage and Elections;
Chapter (6) Judiciary;
Chapter (7) Inter-Governmental Relations;
Chapter (8) Emergencies;
Chapter (9) General Provisions;
Chapter (10) Transitional Provisions;
Chapter (11) Amendment of the Constitution. |
| Language: | | English, Burmese |
| Source/publisher: | | Kachin State Constitution Drafting Committee |
| Format/size: | | pdf (513K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 October 2007 |
|
| Title: | | THE FOURTH INITIAL DRAFT OF CONSTITUTION OF CHINLAND |
| Date of publication: | | May 2004 |
| Description/subject: | | á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအá€á€¼á€á€¶á€™á€°á€€á€¼á€™á€ºá€¸(á„):
"အပá€á€¯á€„်း(á)á€á€»á€„်းအမျá€á€¯á€¸á€žá€¬á€¸á€™á€»á€¬á€¸áနောက်á€á€¶á€žá€™á€á€¯á€„်းများ"
(á)á€á€»á€„်းအမျá€á€¯á€¸á€žá€¬á€¸á€™á€»á€¬á€¸áနá€á€¯á€„်ငံရေးနှင့်လူမှုရေး နောက်á€á€¶á€žá€™á€á€¯á€„်းအကျဉ်း
(á‚)နá€á€¯á€„်ငံရေးနောက်á€á€¶á€žá€™á€á€¯á€„်း
(áƒ)á€á€»á€„်းလူမျá€á€¯á€¸á€á€á€¯á€·áလွá€á€ºá€œá€•်သောနá€á€¯á€„်ငံá€á€Šá€ºá€‘ောင်ပá€á€¯á€„်á€á€½á€„့်
(á„)ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနá€á€¯á€„်ငံ ဖွဲ့စည်းမှု အဖွဲ့á€á€„်အဖြစ်á€á€»á€„်းလူမျá€á€¯á€¸á€™á€»á€¬á€¸á€•ါá€á€„်á€á€¼á€„်း
(á…)အင်္ဂလá€á€•်အုပ်á€á€»á€¯á€•်မှုမá€á€á€¯á€„်á€á€„်လွá€á€ºá€œá€•်သော á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းနှင့် ယနေ့á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်း
(á†)á€á€»á€„်းလူမှုရေးနှင့်ယဉ်ကျေးမှုနောက်á€á€¶á€žá€™á€á€¯á€„်း
"အပá€á€¯á€„်း(á‚)ဖက်ဒရယ်ပြည်ထောင်စုပြန်လည်á€á€Šá€ºá€†á€±á€¬á€€á€ºá€›á€”်
á€á€»á€„်းအမျá€á€¯á€¸á€žá€¬á€¸á€™á€»á€¬á€¸áá€á€±á€¬á€„်းဆá€á€¯á€á€»á€€á€ºá€™á€»á€¬á€¸"
(á)ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနá€á€¯á€„်ငံအားဖက်ဒရယ်ပြည်ထောင်စုအဖြစ် ပြန်လည်
ဖွဲ့စည်းá€á€¼á€„်း
(á‚)ဖက်ဒရယ်ပြည်ထောင်စုပြန်လည်ဖွဲ့စည်းနá€á€¯á€„်ရေး အá€á€¼á€±á€á€¶á€žá€˜á€±á€¬á€á€›á€¬á€¸á€™á€»á€¬á€¸
(áƒ)á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအá€á€¼á€±á€á€¶á€¥á€•ဒေနှင့်အစá€á€¯á€¸á€›á€–ွဲ့စည်းပုံများ
"အပá€á€¯á€„်း(áƒ)á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းဖွဲ့စည်းအုပ်á€á€»á€¯á€•်ပုံမူကြမ်း"
(á)á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းဖွဲ့စည်းအုပ်á€á€»á€¯á€•်ပုံအá€á€¼á€±á€á€¶á€¥á€•ဒေနá€á€’ါန်း
(á‚)á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းပá€á€¯á€„်နက်နယ်မြေ
(áƒ)á€á€»á€„်းပြည်သူá€á€á€¯á€·áဆန္ဒ
(á„)á€á€žá€®á€¸á€•ုဂ္ဂလအá€á€½á€„့်
အရေးများ
(á…)á€á€žá€®á€¸á€•ုဂ္ဂလá€á€¬á€á€”်များ
(á†)á€á€»á€„်းနá€á€¯á€„်ငံသားဖြစ်မှုနှင့် အမျá€á€¯á€¸á€žá€¬á€¸á€›á€±á€¸
(á‡)ရွေးကောက်á€á€„်မြောက်á€á€¼á€„်း
(áˆ)ဥပဒေပြုရေး
(á‰)အုပ်á€á€»á€¯á€•်ရေး
(áá€)á€á€›á€¬á€¸á€…ီရင်ရေး
(áá)အုပ်á€á€»á€¯á€•်ရေး (စီမံá€á€”့်á€á€½á€²á€›á€±á€¸)
(áá‚)ပြည်သူ့á€á€”်ထမ်းကော်မရှင်
(ááƒ)ရာထူးမှဖယ်ရှားá€á€¼á€„်း
(áá„)ဒေသန္á€á€›á€¡á€…á€á€¯á€¸á€›
(áá…)ဘá€á€¹á€á€¬á€›á€±á€¸áŠá€¡á€€á€±á€¬á€€á€ºá€á€½á€”်နှင့်
ဘá€á€¹á€á€¬á€á€±á€¬á€º
(áá†)ပြည်သူ့ပညာရေး
(áá‡)ပြည်သူ့ကျန်းမာရေး
(ááˆ)ပြည်သူ့လူမှုဖူလုံရေး
(áá‰)ယဉ်ကျေးမှုနှင့် လူထု
ဆက်သွယ်ရေး
(á‚á€)á€á€»á€„်းလဲန်းလက်နက်ကá€á€¯á€„်အဖွဲ့
(á‚á)အထွေထွေဥပဒေများ
(á‚á‚)ပြည်နယ်များနှင့် ပြည်နယ်ဖက်ဒရယ်ဆက်ဆံမှု
(á‚áƒ)ပြင်ဆင်ဖြည့်စွက်á€á€¼á€„်းáŠá€¡á€á€»á€€á€ºá€•á€á€¯ (á) |
| Language: | | မြန်မာဘာသာ/အင်္ဂလá€á€•်ဘာသာ |
| Source/publisher: | | The Chin Forum |
| Format/size: | | pdf (434 KB) |
| Alternate URLs: | | http://www.chinforum.org/cfconstitutions/4th_cc_eng_bur.pdf (Burmese&English)
http://www.chinforum.org/cfconstitutions/4th_chin_con.pdf (English) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 15 September 2010 |
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| Title: | | Arakan State Constitution (The First Proposed Draft) |
| Date of publication: | | 2004 |
| Description/subject: | | Preamble:
The Constitution of Arakan State is instituted for the preservation of a united and durable Arakan Nation; and for every citizen to be fulfilled in justice, life, liberty, prosperity, respect, dignity, kindness, tradition, and faith...
Part One:
Bill of Rights; Part 2:
Formation of the State;Part 3:
Provision of citizenship; Part 4:
Provision of Voting Rights and Creation of Constituency: Part 5:
Administrative power; procedure for the transfer of power; Part 6:
Legislative Power; Part 7:
Judicial; Part 8:
State Government Administration. |
| Language: | | Burmese, English |
| Source/publisher: | | Arakan State Constitution Drafting Committee (Arakan National Council) |
| Format/size: | | pdf (662K) |
| Date of entry/update: | | 03 October 2007 |
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