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PAPER XXX
"The forward march of Hitler and of Hitlerism can be stopped-and it will
be stopped."
Address over the radio on Navy Day concerning the attack upon the
destroyer KEARNY, October 27, 1941
Five months ago tonight I proclaimed to the American people the
existence of a state of unlimited emergency.
Since then much has happened. Our Army and Navy are temporarily in
Iceland in the defense of the Western Hemisphere.
Hitler has attacked shipping in areas close to the Americas in the North
and South Atlantic.
Many American-owned merchant ships have been sunk on the high seas. One
American destroyer was attacked on September 4. Another destroyer was
attacked and hit on October 17. Eleven brave and loyal men of our Navy
were killed by the Nazis.
We have wished to avoid shooting. But the shooting has started. And
history has recorded who fired the first shot. In the long run, however,
all that will matter is who fired the last shot.
America has been attacked. The U. S. S. KEARNY is not just a Navy ship.
She belongs to every man, woman, and child in this Nation.
Illinois, Alabama, California, North Carolina, Ohio, Louisiana, Texas,
Pennsylvania, Georgia, Arkansas, New York, Virginia-those are the home
States of the honored dead and wounded of the KEARNY. Hitler's torpedo
was directed at every American, whether he lives on our seacoasts or in
the innermost part of the Nation, far from the seas and far from the
guns and tanks of the marching hordes of would-be conquerors of the
world.
The purpose of Hitler's attack was to frighten the American people off
the high seas-to force us to make a trembling retreat. This is not the
first time he has misjudged the American spirit. That spirit is now
aroused.
If our national policy were to be dominated by the fear of shooting,
then all of our ships and those of our sister republics would have to be
tied up in home harbors. Our Navy would have to remain respectfully-
abjectly-behind any line which Hitler might decree on any ocean as his
own dictated version of his own war zone.
Naturally, we reject that absurd and insulting suggestion. We reject it
because of our own self-interest, because of our own self-respect,
because, most of all, of our own good faith. Freedom of the seas is now,
as it has always been, a fundamental policy of your Government and mine.
Hitler has often protested that his plans for conquest do not extend
across the Atlantic Ocean. But his submarines and raiders prove
otherwise. So does the entire design of his new world order.
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For example, I have in my possession a secret map made in Germany by
Hitler's government-by the planners of the new world order. It is a map
of South America and a part of Central America, as Hitler proposes to
reorganize it. Today in this area there are 14 separate countries. The
geographical experts of Berlin, however, have ruthlessly obliterated all
existing boundary lines; and have divided South America into five vassal
states, bringing the whole continent under their domination. And they
have also so arranged it that the territory of one of these new puppet
states includes the Republic of Panama and our great life line-the
Panama Canal.
That is his plan. It will never go into effect.
This map makes clear the Nazi design not only against South America but
against the United States itself.
Your Government was in its possession another document made in Germany
by Hitler's government. It is a detailed plan, which, for obvious
reasons, the Nazis did not wish and do not wish to publicize just yet,
but which they are ready to impose a little later on a dominated world-
if Hitler wins. It is a plan to abolish all existing religions-
Protestant, Catholic, Mohammedan, Hindu, Buddhist, and Jewish alike. The
property of all churches will be seized by the Reich and its puppets.
The cross and all other symbols of religion are to be forbidden. The
clergy are to be forever silenced under penalty of the concentration
camps, where even now so many fearless men are being tortured because
they have placed God above Hitler.
In the place of the churches of our civilization, there is to be set up
an international Nazi church-a church which will be served by orators
sent out by the Nazi government. In the place of the Bible, the words of
Mein Kampf will be imposed and enforced as Holy Writ. And in place of
the cross of Christ will be put two symbols-the swastika and the naked
sword.
A god of blood and iron will take the place of the God of love and
mercy. Let us well ponder that statement which I have made tonight.
These grim truths which I have told you of the present and future plans
of Hitlerism will, of course, be hotly denied tonight and tomorrow in
the controlled press and radio of the Axis Powers. And some Americans-
not many-will continue to insist that Hitler's plans need not worry us
and that we should not concern ourselves with anything that goes on
beyond rifle shot of our own shores.
The protestations of these American citizens-few in number-will, as
usual, be paraded with applause through the Axis press and radio during
the next few days in an effort to convince the world that the majority
of Americans are opposed to their duly chosen Government and in reality
are only waiting to jump on Hitler's band wagon when it comes this way.
The motive of such Americans is not the point at issue. The fact is that
Nazi propaganda continues in desperation to seize upon such isolated
statements as proof of American disunity.
The Nazis have made up their own list of modern American heroes. It is,
fortunately, a short list. I am glad that it does not contain my name.
All of us Americans, of all opinions, are faced with the choice between
the kind of world we want to live in and the kind of world which Hitler
and his hordes would impose upon us.
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None of us wants to burrow under the ground and live in total darkness
like a comfortable mole.
The forward march of Hitler and of Hitlerism can be stopped-and it will
be stopped.
Very simply and very bluntly, we are pledged to pull our own oar in the
destruction of Hitlerism.
And when we have helped to end the curse of Hitlerism, we shall help to
establish a new peace which will give to decent people everywhere a
better chance to live and prosper in security and in freedom and in
faith.
Each day that passes we are producing and providing more and more arms
for the men who are fighting on actual battle fronts. That is our
primary task.
And it is the Nation's will that these vital arms and supplies of all
kinds shall neither be locked up in American harbors nor sent to the
bottom of the sea. It is the Nation's will that America shall deliver
the goods. In open defiance of that will, our ships have been sunk and
our sailors have been killed.
I say that we do not propose to take this lying down.
Our determination not to take it lying down has been expressed in the
orders to the American Navy to shoot on sight. Those orders stand.
Furthermore, the House of Representatives has already voted to amend
part of the Neutrality Act of 1937, today outmoded by force of violent
circumstances. The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations has also
recommended elimination of other hamstringing provisions in that act.
That is the course of honesty and of realism.
Our American merchant ships must be armed to defend themselves against
the rattlesnakes of the sea.
Our American merchant ships must be free to carry our American goods
into the harbors of our friends.
Our American merchant ships must be protected by our American Navy.
It can never be doubted that the goods will be delivered by this Nation,
whose Navy believes in the traditions of "Damn the torpedoes; full speed
ahead!"
Yes; our Nation will and must speak from every assembly line. Yes; from
every coal mine-the all-inclusive whole of our vast industrial machine.
Our factories and our shipyards are constantly expanding. Our output
must be multiplied.
It cannot be hampered by the selfish obstruction of any small but
dangerous minority of industrial managers who perhaps hold out for extra
profits or for "business as usual." It cannot be hampered by the selfish
obstruction of a small but dangerous minority of labor leaders who are a
menace-for labor as a whole knows that that small minority is a menace-
to the true cause of labor itself, as well as to the Nation as a whole.
The lines of our essential defense now cover all the seas; and to meet
the extraordinary demands of today and tomorrow our Navy grows to
unprecedented size. Our Navy is ready for action. Indeed, units of it in
the Atlantic patrol are in action. Its officers and men need no praise
from me.
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Our new Army is steadily developing the strength needed to withstand the
aggressors. Our soldiers of today are worthy of the proudest traditions
of the United States Army. But traditions cannot shoot down dive bombers
or destroy tanks. That is why we must and shall provide, for every one
of our soldiers, equipment and weapons-not merely as good, but better
than that of any other army on earth. And we are doing that right now.
For this-and all of this-is what we mean by total national defense.
The first objective of that defense is to stop Hitler. He can be stopped
and can be compelled to dig in. And that will be the beginning of the
end of his downfall, because dictatorship of the Hitler type can live
only through continuing victories-increasing conquests.
The facts of 1918 are proof that a mighty German Army and a tired German
people can crumble rapidly and go to pieces when they are faced with
successful resistance.
Nobody who admires qualities of courage and endurance can fail to be
stirred by the full-fledged resistance of the Russian people. The
Russians are fighting for their own soil and their own homes. Russia
needs all kinds of help-planes, tanks, guns, medical supplies, and other
aids-toward the successful defense against the invaders. From the United
States and from Britain, she is getting great quantities of those
essential supplies. But the needs of her huge army will continue-and our
help and British help will have to continue.
The other day the Secretary of State of the United States was asked by a
Senator to justify our giving aid to Russia. His reply was: "The answer
to that, Senator, depends on how anxious a person is to stop and destroy
the march of Hitler in his conquest of the world. If he were anxious
enough to defeat Hitler, he would not worry about who was helping to
defeat him."
Upon our American production falls the colossal task of equipping our
own armed forces, and helping to supply the British, the Russians, and
the Chinese. In the performance of that task we dare not fail. And we
will not fail.
It has not been easy for us Americans to adjust ourselves to the
shocking realities of a world in which the principles of common humanity
and common decency are being mowed down by the firing squads of the
Gestapo. We have enjoyed many of God's blessings. We have lived in a
broad and abundant land, and by our industry and productivity we have
made it flourish.
There are those who say that our great good fortune has betrayed us;
that we are now no match for the regimented masses who have been trained
in the Spartan ways of ruthless brutality. They say that we have grown
fat, and flabby, and lazy, and that we are doomed.
But those who say that know nothing of America or of American life.
They do not know that this land is great because it is a land of endless
challenge. Our country was first populated, and it has been steadily
developed, by men and women in whom there burned the spirit of adventure
and restlessness and individual independence which will not tolerate
oppression.
Ours has been a story of vigorous challenges which have been accepted
and overcome, challenges of uncharted seas, of wild forests
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and desert plains, of raging floods and withering drought, of foreign
tyrants and domestic strife, of staggering problems, social, economic,
and physical; and we have come out of them the most powerful Nation, and
the freest, in all of history.
Today in the face of this newest and greatest challenge of them all we
Americans have cleared our decks and taken our battle stations. We stand
ready in the defense of our Nation and the faith of our fathers to do
what God has given us the power to see as our full duty.
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See Paper XXIX of this series for the President's address concerning the
attack upon the destroyer GREER.