SOILS-L: 199607XX
is the compilation of discussion during Jul 96
via AB4EL Web Digests @ SunSITE
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jul 1 21:52 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 1996 20:40:23 -0500
Message-Id: <199607020140.AA15402@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 562
Contents:
Redox features - Test Pit Data ("Kurt S. Masters" <kmasters@moose.ncia.net>)
Date: Mon, 01 Jul 1996 20:39:26 -0700
From: "Kurt S. Masters" <kmasters@moose.ncia.net>
Subject: Redox features - Test Pit Data
Okay, I've had several requests, so here it is:
June 28, 1996
Masters Farm, Success Road, Milan, NH
Test Pit Observed by:
Peter Hammon, NH Dept. of Environmental Services
Peter Spear, Natural Resource Consulting Services
0-8" 7.5YR3/3, Dark Brown, very fine sandy loam
8-12" 5YR3/3, Dark Reddish Brown, fine sandy loam, granular structure,
friable
12-18" 7.5YR4/6, Strong Brown, fine sandy loam, granular structure,
friable
18-26" 2.5Y5/4, Light Olive Brown, sandy loam, weak platty to massive
structure, discontinuous friable/firm layer
20-96" 5Y5/2, Olive Gray, sandy loam to loamy sand, massive, friable,
with 7.5YR3/4, Strong Brown,common distinct Redox features at
94".
No Restrictive Layers, Observed Water at 98", Roots to 64", ESHWT at 94"
Soil Drainage Class: Excessively Drained, Slope: C (8-15%)
Parent Material: Glacial Till
Regards,
Kurt
--
------------------------------------------------------------
Kurt S. Masters email kmasters@moose.ncia.net
------------------------------------------------------------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jul 2 21:53 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 1996 20:41:20 -0500
Message-Id: <199607030141.AA08940@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 563
Contents:
("Dr. Morteza Mozaffari" <mmoz@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu>)
Re: "parts per million" (hank@netcom.com (Hank Roberts))
Date: Tue, 02 Jul 1996 14:01:02 -0500 (EST)
From: "Dr. Morteza Mozaffari" <mmoz@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu>
Subject:
Dear Soil Scientists:
I am looking for any extension publication that describes the concept of
PARTS PER MILLION in a language that can be understood by the growers. If
you know how I can find such publication please let me know. Please excuse
the cross listing. I apppreciate your help.
Thank You
Morteza Mozaffari
Research Associate
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 1996 17:17:16 -0700
From: hank@netcom.com (Hank Roberts)
Subject: Re: "parts per million"
in reply to Morteza Mozaffari's inquiry about how to illustrate the
proportion -- a local science museum makes a cube, one meter on a side,
and suspends within it another cube, one centimeter on a side.
The larger cube is made of plastic pipe, the smaller of any small wire,
and they are connected with thread or fine wire.
That's "one in a million" illustrated, taken around to grade school classes.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jul 3 21:54 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 20:41:52 -0500
Message-Id: <199607040141.AA03304@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 564
Contents:
Re: your mail ("Peter J. Harris" <P.J.Harris@reading.ac.uk>)
infoearthworms (corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx (Juan Corral Aguirre))
Re: ppm (Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>)
info/earthworms (corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx (Juan Corral Aguirre))
Re: (jocke@texoma.com (John Ockels))
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 08:24:49 +0100 (BST)
From: "Peter J. Harris" <P.J.Harris@reading.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: your mail
Hi Morteza,
You don't need a publication, just a few simple calculations. I.E.
A teaspoonful of sugar weighs about 5 grammes. A million teaspoonsfull
weighs 5000 Kilograms or 5 tons (give or take). So if you line up a
hundred hundredweight sacks and then ask the grower to take just one
teaspoonful out of just one sack he has taken 1 part per million.
You can soon work out your own examples to suit your audience.
Peter Harris,
Department of Soil Science,
The University of Reading, UK.
On Tue, 2 Jul 1996, Dr. Morteza Mozaffari wrote:
> Dear Soil Scientists:
>
> I am looking for any extension publication that describes the concept of
> PARTS PER MILLION in a language that can be understood by the growers. If
> you know how I can find such publication please let me know. Please excuse
> the cross listing. I apppreciate your help.
>
> Thank You
>
> Morteza Mozaffari
> Research Associate
>
>
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 10:44:09 +0600
From: corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx (Juan Corral Aguirre)
Subject: infoearthworms
Hello all!!
my name is Juan Corral Aguirre
I work in the Faculty of Biology
Universidad Veracruzana
Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
I am a professor in Edaphology, General Ecology
and I'm interesting in Forest Development, ecology
management, etc.
"burning' topic to me: can we improve propierties of forest soil
and it yield in wood, biodiversity
using domestic wastes (organic, of course)
and inviting to rural population in it
application?
I hope my poor english, don't harm your sensibility :-)
regards
Juan
corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 12:03:44 -0400
From: Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>
Subject: Re: ppm
At 01:03 PM 7/2/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Dear Soil Scientists:
>
>I am looking for any extension publication that describes the concept of
>PARTS PER MILLION in a language that can be understood by the growers. If
>you know how I can find such publication please let me know. Please excuse
>the cross listing. I apppreciate your help.
>
The concept isn't all that difficult to grasp, especially to anyone who's
ever used the expression "1 in a million".
Keep in mind that ppm, ppb, etc are mass/mass or volume/volume
expressions.
What throws many people is the conversion to/from water concentrations, e.g.
mg/L to ppm. You do it by recognizing that 1 L water has approximately 1000 g
mass. That holds well enough for a wide range of freshwater conditions,
but the approximation breaks down progressively for brines & slurries as
concentrations increase. The geochem people have some simple
corrections for handling brines.
Occasionally, you might have to handle air concentrations, typically
in mass / cubic metre. Use the standard mass of a cubic metre air
[ca. 1.2 kg at sea level, 20C -- but look it up].
-bb
Byron Bodo
240 Markham St., Toronto, ON, Canada M6J 2G6
tel: (416) 967 7286
fax: (416) 967 9004
email: bodo@io.org
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 10:52:42 +0600
From: corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx (Juan Corral Aguirre)
Subject: info/earthworms
Hi soils_netters!!
Can anybody help me with this question?
I have a friend that work in her Msc degree and want to know
if are there morphological diferences in intestinal mucus production
between epigeous and endogeous earthworms??
for any info,
thanks a lot
Juan Corral Aguirre
corralj@speedy.coacade.uv.mx
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 1996 14:18:07 -0500
From: jocke@texoma.com (John Ockels)
Subject: Re:
>Dear Soil Scientists:
>
>I am looking for any extension publication that describes the concept of
>PARTS PER MILLION in a language that can be understood by the growers. If
>you know how I can find such publication please let me know. Please excuse
>the cross listing. I apppreciate your help.
>
>Thank You
>
>Morteza Mozaffari
>Research Associate
Dear Morteza:
I have always had good luck just explaining ppm this way" One ppm is
the same as one inch in 16 miles ... imagine!"
Maybe some sort of imaginal education like this is appropriate for
your audience?
John Ockels, PhD
Environmental Coordinator
Texoma Council of Governments
Sherman, Texas
USA
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jul 5 04:07 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 02:51:03 -0500
Message-Id: <199607050751.AA16042@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 565
Contents:
Re: ppm (marino@veneto.shineline.it (Marino Perelli))
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 08:49:44 +0200
From: marino@veneto.shineline.it (Marino Perelli)
Subject: Re: ppm
Byron Bodo wrote:
>Keep in mind that ppm, ppb, etc are mass/mass or volume/volume
>expressions.
Sometime ppm and ppb are mass/volume expressions (g/l, mg/l).
Marino
__________________________________________
Marino Perelli freelance agronomist
Via Puccini, 11 - 30034 Mira VE - Italy
voice: +39 41 421995 fax: +39 41 421995
(from Italy: 041-421995)
E-mail: marino@veneto.shineline.it
http://www.shineline.it/utenti/perelli/
___________________________________________
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jul 6 04:03 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 6 Jul 1996 02:51:46 -0500
Message-Id: <199607060751.AA03536@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 566
Contents:
Re: ppm -Svar (Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>)
ppm/ppb (Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>)
Re: ppm/ppb (Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>)
billion vs. Billion (Martin Ameskamp <ma@informatik.uni-kiel.d400.de>)
ppm/ppb (Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>)
Re: ppm -Svar (Sayed_Ali_Mohamad <pbs-sm@wye.ac.uk>)
Re: billion vs. Billion (Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>)
Date: Fri, 05 Jul 1996 11:06:06 +0100
From: Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>
Subject: Re: ppm -Svar
Marino wrote
>Sometime ppm and ppb are mass/volume expressions (g/l, mg/l).<
This is wrong. ppm is sometimes used instead of mg/l and ppb instead of
mg/1000l. However, this ist not a correct way to use ppm and ppb!!! It
would only be correct if the specific weight of 1 l was exact 1 kg.
Another problen by using ppb is, that a billion is a different number in
differet languages. In English it is 1,000,000,000 in German and in the
skandinavian languages it is 1,000,000,000,000.
I guess, the best way would be to avoid ppm/ppb and rather use the
correct dimensions (mg/kg ...).
Torsten Mueller
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Laboratory of Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition
Copenhagen, Denmark
e-mail: tm@kvl.dk
http://www.agsci.kvl.dk/~tomuj5
Date: Fri, 05 Jul 1996 11:20:01 +0100
From: Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>
Subject: ppm/ppb
Marino wrote
>Sometime ppm and ppb are mass/volume expressions (g/l, mg/l).<
This is wrong. ppm is sometimes used instead of mg/l and ppb instead of
mg/1000l. However, this ist not a correct way to use ppm and ppb!!! It
would only be correct if the specific weight of 1 l was exact 1 kg.
Another problen by using ppb is, that a billion is a different number in
differet languages. In English it is 1,000,000,000 in German and in the
skandinavian languages it is 1,000,000,000,000.
I guess, the best way would be to avoid ppm/ppb and rather use the
correct dimensions (mg/kg ...).
Dr. Torsten Mueller
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Department of Agricultural Sciences
Section of Soil, Water and Plant Nutrition
Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C (Copenhagen), Denmark
Phone: + 45 35283499, Fax: + 45 35283460
e-mail: torsten.muller@agsci.kvl.dk
http://www.agsci.kvl.dk/~tomuj5
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 06:21:58 -0400
From: Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>
Subject: Re: ppm/ppb
At 04:10 AM 7/5/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Another problen by using ppb is, that a billion is a different number in
>differet languages. In English it is 1,000,000,000 in German and in the
>skandinavian languages it is 1,000,000,000,000.
This is a revelation. What then are trillion & quadrillion in German &
Scandinavian languages?
>I guess, the best way would be to avoid ppm/ppb and rather use the
>correct dimensions (mg/kg ...).
>
I would avoid them myelf for most uses, but the lab people are inveterately
addicted to ppm, ppb, ppt, and ppq. Even here there is some confusion
as ppt might be parts per 1000 or parts per trillion. I also
find that reputable published scientists often flub the conversions.
The only uses I have for these expressions are for plotting
distributions of contaminants (e.g., pesticides) across environmental
compartments, and for calculating (bio)concentration factors. Putting
concentrations on an approximately common basis makes for a convenient
way of showing amplification from air, water, soil, sediment up through the
biotic compartments of the food web / environment.
-bb
Byron Bodo
240 Markham St., Toronto, ON, Canada M6J 2G6
tel: (416) 967 7286
fax: (416) 967 9004
email: bodo@io.org
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 12:31:45 +0200
From: Martin Ameskamp <ma@informatik.uni-kiel.d400.de>
Subject: billion vs. Billion
> >Another problen by using ppb is, that a billion is a different number in
> >differet languages. In English it is 1,000,000,000 in German and in the
> >skandinavian languages it is 1,000,000,000,000.
>
> This is a revelation. What then are trillion & quadrillion in German &
> Scandinavian languages?
Easy. You add 3 zeroes at every step, we add six.
German: 1 Million 1e06 English 1 million
1 Milliarde 1e09 1 billion
1 Billion 1e12 1 trillion (?)
1 Billiarde 1e15
1 Trillion 1e18
--
Martin Ameskamp, Inst. f. Informatik I (Computing Dept.)
Kiel University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Fax: ++49 431 8804054, Voice: ++49 431 8804474,
ma@informatik.uni-kiel.de, URL http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~ma/
Date: Fri, 05 Jul 1996 12:41:16 +0100
From: Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>
Subject: ppm/ppb
Bodo wrote:
>This is a revelation. What then are trillion & quadrillion in German &
Scandinavian languages?<
(US-)English/German/Danish:
million/Millon/million
billion/Milliarde/milliard
trillion/Billion/billion
quadrillion/Billiarde/billiard
...
Dr. Torsten Mueller
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Department of Agricultural Sciences
Section of Soil, Water and Plant Nutrition
Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C (Copenhagen), Denmark
Phone: + 45 35283499, Fax: + 45 35283460
e-mail: torsten.muller@agsci.kvl.dk
http://www.agsci.kvl.dk/~tomuj5
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 17:19:07 +0100 (BST)
From: Sayed_Ali_Mohamad <pbs-sm@wye.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: ppm -Svar
Could somebody draw a formula or any other calculation to compare the
different unit in measuring salinity like
Bar, Mole/qubic meter , ds, Uhm, Percentage, MPa,....
Thanks
Date: Fri, 5 Jul 1996 13:38:19 -0400
From: Byron Bodo <bodo@io.org>
Subject: Re: billion vs. Billion
At 05:22 AM 7/5/96 -0500, you wrote:
>> >Another problen by using ppb is, that a billion is a different number in
>> >differet languages. In English it is 1,000,000,000 in German and in the
>> >skandinavian languages it is 1,000,000,000,000.
>>
>> This is a revelation. What then are trillion & quadrillion in German &
>> Scandinavian languages?
>
> Easy. You add 3 zeroes at every step, we add six.
>
> German: 1 Million 1e06 English 1 million
> 1 Milliarde 1e09 1 billion
> 1 Billion 1e12 1 trillion (?)
> 1 Billiarde 1e15
> 1 Trillion 1e18
>
How do you distinguish between a "part per million" & a "part per milliarde" ?
-bb
Byron Bodo
240 Markham St., Toronto, ON, Canada M6J 2G6
tel: (416) 967 7286
fax: (416) 967 9004
email: bodo@io.org
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Jul 7 04:03 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 7 Jul 1996 02:51:46 -0500
Message-Id: <199607070751.AA03536@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 567
Contents:
SOILS-L digest 567 NOT RECEIVED
Date: Sat, 06 Jul 1996 11:06:06 +0100
From: AB4EL <modena@SunSITE.unc.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 567 NOT RECEIVED
SOILS-L digest 567 NOT RECEIVED
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jul 8 10:48 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 8 Jul 1996 09:32:49 -0500
Message-Id: <199607081432.AA24152@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 568
Contents:
Re: billion vs. Billion -Svar (Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>)
Date: Mon, 08 Jul 1996 10:51:17 +0100
From: Torsten Muller <Torsten.Muller@agsci.kvl.dk>
Subject: Re: billion vs. Billion -Svar
Byron wrote:
>How do you distinguish between a "part per million" & a "part per
milliarde" ?<
No panic!
ppm and ppb are english abbreviations and mean (1/1.000.000 and
1/1.000.000.000) in ALL languages! Hence there is no "part per milliard".
Torsten Mueller
KVL, Lab of Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition
Frederiksberg, Denmark
torsten.muller@agsci.kvl.dk
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jul 9 18:46 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 9 Jul 1996 17:34:07 -0500
Message-Id: <199607092234.AA28130@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 569
Contents:
GROUNDWATER Mailing List (kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister))
Date: Tue, 9 Jul 1996 17:50:44 -0400 (EDT)
From: kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister)
Subject: GROUNDWATER Mailing List
ANNOUNCING: GROUNDWATER and GROUNDWATER-DIGEST
Internet Mailing Lists
Please join our global discussion group on groundwater and related topics.
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If you have a groundwater question, this is the place to post it.
................................................................
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In the body of the e-mail type the command:
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For more information visit the Groundwater.Com Web Site.
We hope you will join our lively discussion on this interesting topic.
Apologies for the cross posting.
Ken Bannister
--------------------------------------------------------------
Kenneth E. Bannister
President - BANNISTER RESEARCH & CONSULTING
Owner - GROUNDWATER Mailing List
http://www.groundwater.com KenBannister@groundwater.com
Sponsor- Addison United Soccer Club - 1996 Vermont Cup Runner-Up
U - 12 Olympic Development League Soccer
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End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jul 10 18:46 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 1996 17:34:18 -0500
Message-Id: <199607102234.AA22142@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 570
Contents:
How to measure soil depth? (GRAD12@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU)
Re: How to measure soil depth? (John Sloan <jsloan@Soils.Umn.EDU>)
Date: Tue, 09 Jul 1996 16:08:53 -0700 (MST)
From: GRAD12@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU
Subject: How to measure soil depth?
Soil listserve members:
I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
Thanks in advance,
Paul R. Sheppard
Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 1996 08:38:38 -0500 (CDT)
From: John Sloan <jsloan@Soils.Umn.EDU>
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
If you are interested in depth to bedrock, how about seismic refraction?
I've only used these techniques once, but it seemed that the seismic
refraction equipment we used was more portable.
At 06:50 PM 7/9/96 -0500, you wrote:
>
> I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
>have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
>Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
>results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
>wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
>and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
>
====================================================================
John Sloan Tel: (612) 625-4749
USDA-ARS Fax: (612) 625-2208
Department of Soil, Water, and Climate e-mail: jsloan@soils.umn.edu
439 Borlaug Hall, Univ. of Minnesota sloanjj@aol.com
1991 Upper Buford Circle
St. Paul MN 55108
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jul 13 04:33 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 1996 22:37:35 -0500
Message-Id: <199607130337.AA29883@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 571
Contents:
re: soil depth (Soilage@aol.com)
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 1996 22:43:37 -0400
From: Soilage@aol.com
Subject: re: soil depth
On 7/10/96 John Sloan wrote in response to a query regading measuring soil
depth
>If you are interested in depth to bedrock, how about seismic >refraction?
>I've only used these techniques once, but it seemed that the >seismic
refraction equipment we used was more portable.
While seismic refraction equipment is portable it really is not ideal for
measuring soil depth, particularly if you need to do it accurately. I do
not claim to be an expert in its use either but my experience is 1) that you
really need to know how to interpret the data to make this technique work (it
is an art) 2) groundwater can really skew the data (even perched water) and
3) most importantly it only seems to work really well if you have excellent
reflectors (e.g., bedded siltstone, shale, etc.). While it may be OK as a
first cut in some measurements of bedrock depth it seems to me that the
diffuse nature of many soils (unless you are looking for a well defined
paralithic contact) would render the use of seismic refraction to no more
than a reconnaissance tool for measuring soil depth (especially if accuracy
is critical).
Patrick Vaughan
Engineering geologist
soilage@aol.com
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Jul 14 16:21 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 14 Jul 1996 15:09:35 -0500
Message-Id: <199607142009.AA14612@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 572
Contents:
Accumulation of ammonium (Abdullahi Samater <Abdullahi.Samater@rug.ac.be>)
Date: Sun, 14 Jul 1996 21:58:37 +0200 (MET DST)
From: Abdullahi Samater <Abdullahi.Samater@rug.ac.be>
Subject: Accumulation of ammonium
Dear Sir/Madam.
I found high accumulation of ammonium (NH4+-N) up to 20 mg NH4-N/kg
soil. The experiment was conducted under laboratory condition as follow:
- Portions of 30 g of air dried soil samples (silt loam, PH: 7) were weighed
into 180 ml plastic jars and sufficient amount of distilled water was added
to bring to moisture content to 1/2 field capacity and pre-incubated for one
week at 25 C.
- Then 50 mg NO2-N/kg soil were applied in a solution form to result in soil
moisture content of 3/4 field capacity and incubated at 5, 15, 25, 35 C.
and monitored mineral N evolution for a period of 30 days (0, 2, 4, 6,
10, 20, 30). Control (without fertilizer ) were compared.
- During the pre-incubation and incubation period, the covers of the
plastic jars were removed every other days to fully aerate (aerobic).
+Results:
+ Nitrite Oxidation rate was much slower for both (5, and 35 C) than 25 C.
+ Ammonium accumulation was much higher for both (5 C and 35 C) than 25 C.
the highest accumulation of ammonium was observed from the 4th day
of incubation up to the 20th day (actually 35 C has >NH4 than 5 C)
+ Results are Nitrite treatment-Control treatment.
What could be the reason of accumulation of ammonium from nitrite under
aerobic condition?
I appreciate your advice and suggestions.
Thanks.
A.H.Samater
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jul 15 16:49 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 15:34:03 -0500
Message-Id: <199607152034.AA01181@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 573
Contents:
Re: How to measure soil depth? (geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil)
Re: How to measure soil depth? (Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>)
Re: SUB SOILS-L <MICHAEL COOPER> (fwd) (Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>)
Re: How to measure soil depth? (kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister))
Date: 15 Jul 96 09:21 EST
From: geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
Before y'all start giving technical advice on tools used to measure
soil depth, it might be nice to know what is meant by 'soil depth'.
Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
measure the solum thickness.
However, if we are discussing the thickness of unconsolidated
material, the answer may be different, or the same. GPR might be
used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table, no banded
sands, etc. You must understand the limitations of the tool.
Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
somewhere inbetween-rooted.
Anyway, y'all get the idea. We need some further clarification in
order to help with this question.
George Teachman
NRCS Soil Scientist
______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: How to measure soil depth?
Author: GRAD12@ccit.arizona.edu at INTERNET
Date: 7/9/96 6:52 PM
Message-Id: <01I6VI2A00LU934ZRB@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU>
Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at aec1.apgea.a
rmy.mil
Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
Subject: How to measure soil depth?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Soil listserve members:
I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
Thanks in advance,
Paul R. Sheppard
Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 14:55:45 -0300 (BSB)
From: Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
I would like to know how the Mark I Eye-Ball tool works, and where it can
be purchased.
Michael Cooper
Esalq/USP Brazil
On Mon, 15 Jul 1996 geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil wrote:
> Before y'all start giving technical advice on tools used to measure
> soil depth, it might be nice to know what is meant by 'soil depth'.
>
> Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
> generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
>
> To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
> used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
> measure the solum thickness.
>
> However, if we are discussing the thickness of unconsolidated
> material, the answer may be different, or the same. GPR might be
> used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table, no banded
> sands, etc. You must understand the limitations of the tool.
>
> Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
> don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
> And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
> somewhere inbetween-rooted.
>
> Anyway, y'all get the idea. We need some further clarification in
> order to help with this question.
>
> George Teachman
> NRCS Soil Scientist
>
>
> ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
> Author: GRAD12@ccit.arizona.edu at INTERNET
> Date: 7/9/96 6:52 PM
>
>
> Message-Id: <01I6VI2A00LU934ZRB@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU>
> Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
> Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
> Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
> MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at aec1.apgea.a
> rmy.mil
> Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Soil listserve members:
>
> I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
> have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
> Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
> results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
> wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
> and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
>
> Thanks in advance,
>
> Paul R. Sheppard
>
> Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
> Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
> University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
> Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 14:46:59 -0300 (BSB)
From: Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>
Subject: Re: SUB SOILS-L <MICHAEL COOPER> (fwd)
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Sat, 13 Jul 1996 18:46:20 -0300 (BSB)
From: Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>
To: listserv@unl.edu
Subject: Re: SUB SOILS-L <MICHAEL COOPER>
This is my first post and as was suggested in the subscription
instructions I am introducing my self.
My name is Michael Cooper I am argentinian but I live in Brazil. I am
beginning my phD course now in august. I finished my master of science
degree six months ago defending the thesis "Stratigraphy and pedogenesis
of an Oxisol-Alfisol soil sequence in Piracicaba (SP), Brazil". I work
with soil genesis in tropical environments. In my thesis I discussed
about the formation of Oxisols and microaggregates, the lateral and
vertical transition between an oxic horizon and an argillic horizon and
I also discussed aspects relating to stratigraphy as I have in my study
area the presence of two stonelines marking lithological discontinuities
between different sediments or geological materials.
I work in an agricuktural college called Escola Superior de Agricultura
Luiz de Queiroz that belongs to the University of Sao Paulo.
During my phD I am planning to study the formation of plinthite and
vertisols using geochemical and physico-chemical studies.
My burning questions are
"Do stonelines really indicate lithological discontinuities?"
"What are the main hypothesis that explain the formation of
microaggregates in Oxisols?
"How and under what conditions is plinthite and vertisols formed?
I hope to be able to begin using this list to enhance my soil science
knowledge and participate of good discussions on matters of my interest.
Yours sincerely,
Michael
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 15:46:19 -0400 (EDT)
From: kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister)
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
You can use refraction seismology to get a reasonably accurate determination
of overburden depth. This inviolves a hammer/plate strike or a blast to set
off vibrations and a seismograph to determine seismic velocities. Bedrock
has a much higher velocity than soil and the interface can be detected
readily by a trained seismologist. (Site conditions will determine accuracy
and applicability).
If you are looking to get it to within a foot or less, you will need to drill.
Ken Bannister
>I would like to know how the Mark I Eye-Ball tool works, and where it can
>be purchased.
>Michael Cooper
>Esalq/USP Brazil
>
>On Mon, 15 Jul 1996 geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil wrote:
>
>> Before y'all start giving technical advice on tools used to measure
>> soil depth, it might be nice to know what is meant by 'soil depth'.
>>
>> Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
>> generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
>>
>> To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
>> used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
>> measure the solum thickness.
>>
>> However, if we are discussing the thickness of unconsolidated
>> material, the answer may be different, or the same. GPR might be
>> used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table, no banded
>> sands, etc. You must understand the limitations of the tool.
>>
>> Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
>> don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
>> And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
>> somewhere inbetween-rooted.
>>
>> Anyway, y'all get the idea. We need some further clarification in
>> order to help with this question.
>>
>> George Teachman
>> NRCS Soil Scientist
>>
>>
>> ______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________
>> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
>> Author: GRAD12@ccit.arizona.edu at INTERNET
>> Date: 7/9/96 6:52 PM
>>
>>
>> Message-Id: <01I6VI2A00LU934ZRB@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU>
>> Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
>> Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
>> Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
>> MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at
aec1.apgea.a
>> rmy.mil
>> Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
>> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
>>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Soil listserve members:
>>
>> I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
>> have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
>> Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
>> results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
>> wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
>> and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
>>
>> Thanks in advance,
>>
>> Paul R. Sheppard
>>
>> Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
>> Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
>> University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
>> Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
>>
>
>
--------------------------------------------------------------
Kenneth E. Bannister
President - BANNISTER RESEARCH & CONSULTING
Owner - GROUNDWATER Mailing List
http://www.groundwater.com KenBannister@groundwater.com
Sponsor- Addison United Soccer Club - 1996 Vermont Cup Runner-Up
U - 12 Olympic Development League Soccer
--------------------------------------------------------------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jul 16 21:30 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 1996 18:58:31 -0500
Message-Id: <199607162358.AA19412@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 574
Contents:
Re[2]: How to measure soil depth? (geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil)
Re: How to measure soil depth? (GRAD12@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU)
Re: How to measure soil dep (Robert Edis <Robert_Edis@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au>)
Virus Alert (Wendy.Wang@tas.for.csiro.au (wendy wang))
Date: 15 Jul 96 15:44 EST
From: geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil
Subject: Re[2]: How to measure soil depth?
I apologize to the readers of this list for my use of the U.S. Department of
Defense slang phrase 'Mark I Eye-Ball'.
My comment on the Mark I Eye-Ball tool should have been followed by the Internet
equivalent of a grin. <grin> or :-).
The 'Mark I Eye-Ball' refers, of course to most advanced visual discrimination
tool yet devised. The human eye.
Again, I apologize for any confusion my comment my have caused.
George Teachman
______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
Author: mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br at INTERNET
Date: 7/15/96 2:10 PM
Message-Id: <Pine.SUN.3.91.960715145422.21984C-100000@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>
Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at aec1.apgea.a
rmy.mil
Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I would like to know how the Mark I Eye-Ball tool works, and where it can
be purchased.
Michael Cooper
Esalq/USP Brazil
On Mon, 15 Jul 1996 geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil wrote:
> Before y'all start giving technical advice on tools used to measure
> soil depth, it might be nice to know what is meant by 'soil depth'.
>
> Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
> generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
>
> To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
> used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
> measure the solum thickness.
>
> However, if we are discussing the thickness of unconsolidated
> material, the answer may be different, or the same. GPR might be
> used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table, no banded
> sands, etc. You must understand the limitations of the tool.
>
> Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
> don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
> And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
> somewhere inbetween-rooted.
>
> Anyway, y'all get the idea. We need some further clarification in
> order to help with this question.
>
> George Teachman
> NRCS Soil Scientist
>
>
> ______________________________ Reply Separator _______________________________
__
> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
> Author: GRAD12@ccit.arizona.edu at INTERNET
> Date: 7/9/96 6:52 PM
>
>
> Message-Id: <01I6VI2A00LU934ZRB@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU>
> Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
> Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
> Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
> MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at aec1.apgea
.a
> rmy.mil
> Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
> Subject: How to measure soil depth?
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
>
> Soil listserve members:
>
> I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
> have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
> Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
> results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
> wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
> and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
>
> Thanks in advance,
>
> Paul R. Sheppard
>
> Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
> Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
> University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
> Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 16:05:04 -0700 (MST)
From: GRAD12@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
To soils-l members:
>Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
>generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
To clarify my situation relative to this question, I believe I'm re-
ferring to solum depth of poorly developed soils that are kept young
(official Entisols) because of topography, i.e., erosion. And, I typic-
ally study trees on thin (usually <1.0 m, often <0.5 m, to bedrock) soils,
where a 0.1 m change in depth from tree to tree is both quite possible and
relatively large.
>GPR might be used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table,
>no banded sands, etc.
I have no water table to worry about at 3000+ m elevation on steep
slopes. As best I've determined so far, horizonation is weak to non
existent, hence the Entisol classification by other soil surveyors.
>Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
>don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
>And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
>somewhere inbetween-rooted.
Possibly, but tree roots probably do care about the quality of their
soil, which includes depth of reasonable root encroachment, as well as
water holding (supplying) capacity and nutrient availabilities. As
noted above, large relative differences in depth of very shallow soils
could substantially affect plant growth via its effect on water and
nutrients. To know if this is true or not, I should measure soil depth
among other soils characteristics. In my current research, that means
measuring out in remote locations with no power source except maybe bat-
teries. Hence my original query.
>To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
>used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
>measure the solum thickness.
Collins et al. (1989, SSSJA 53:1806) used the Mark I Eye-Ball <grin> as
well as an auger and a GPR device. Their Fig. 7 is remarkable, showing a
strikingly good match between GPR and Eye versus essentially random noise for
the auger. Their Fig. 6 is also Eye-opening, showing no micro-scale topo-
graphic variation in the surface, which sits above plenty of micro-scale
variation in soil depth. By the way, Miguel Calmon kindly gave me the phone
number of Jim Doolittle (second author of this paper), but that number seems
to be permanently busy; any suggestions?
>You must understand the limitations of the tool.
Agreed, as usual, and thanks for helping me understand this tool.
Paul R. Sheppard
Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 1996 10:55:52 +1000
From: Robert Edis <Robert_Edis@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au>
Subject: Re: How to measure soil dep
Reply to: RE>>How to measure soil depth?
Hell George, what the tarn is soil anyway
--------------------------------------
Date: 16/7/96 12:36 AM
To: Robert Edis
From: soils-l@unl.edu
Before y'all start giving technical advice on tools used to measure
soil depth, it might be nice to know what is meant by 'soil depth'.
Are we talking about solum depth (depth of genetic development) or a
generic soil, unconsolidated sediment?
To my knowledge, there is no tool, other than the Mark I Eye-Ball,
used in conjuction with an excavation tool, and tape measure that can
measure the solum thickness.
However, if we are discussing the thickness of unconsolidated
material, the answer may be different, or the same. GPR might be
used, under appropriate conditions. i.e. no water table, no banded
sands, etc. You must understand the limitations of the tool.
Another item that bears on this discussion is that most tree roots
don't care what we call soil. They go pretty much where they please.
And, of course, there is the issue of tap-rooted, shallow-rooted,
somewhere inbetween-rooted.
Anyway, y'all get the idea. We need some further clarification in
order to help with this question.
George Teachman
NRCS Soil Scientist
______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________
Subject: How to measure soil depth?
Author: GRAD12@ccit.arizona.edu at INTERNET
Date: 7/9/96 6:52 PM
Message-Id: <01I6VI2A00LU934ZRB@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU>
Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
Errors-To: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
Reply-To: soils-l@unl.edu
MMDF-Warning: Parse error in original version of preceding line at
aec1.apgea.a
rmy.mil
Version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
Subject: How to measure soil depth?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Soil listserve members:
I need to measure soil depth, as easily and accurately as possible. I
have read about ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in an article by Collins,
Doolittle, and Rourke (1989, SSSJA, 53:1806), and I like the technique and
results. However, I, as a tree-ring researcher, have study sites in remote
wilderness areas; are GPR devices to the point of being reasonably portable
and battery powered? If not, are there any reasonable alternatives?
Thanks in advance,
Paul R. Sheppard
Visiting Assistant Professor Office: (520) 621-6474
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research FAX: (520) 621-8229
University of Arizona e-mail: grad12@ccit.arizona.edu
Tucson, AZ 85721 USA e-mail: sheppard@ltrr.arizona.edu
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15 Jul 1996 09:25:11 -0500
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 1996 09:25:11 -0500
From: geteachm@aec1.apgea.army.mil
Subject: Re: How to measure soil depth?
Sender: soils-l@unl.edu
To: Multiple recipients of list <soils-l@unl.edu>
Errors-to: jp@unlinfo.unl.edu
Reply-to: soils-l@unl.edu
Message-id: <9607150923.aa07686@aec1.apgea.army.mil>
Originator: soils-l@unl.edu
version: 5.5 -- Copyright (c) 1991/92, Anastasios Kotsikonas
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 1996 16:35:13 +1000
From: Wendy.Wang@tas.for.csiro.au (wendy wang)
Subject: Virus Alert
Subject: Virus alert
>>>>
>>>>We have received the attached virus alert for all users of the Internet.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>ATTENTION : Internet virus
>>>>
>>>>Importance: High
>>>>
>>>>1> Subject: Please pass on this information to your colleagues.
>>>>
>>>>There is a computer virus that is being sent across the Internet. If you
>>>>receive an email message with the subject line "Good Times", DO NOT read
>>>>the message, DELETE it immediately. Please read the messages below. Some
>>>>miscreant is sending email under the title "Good Times" nationwide, if you
>>>>get anything like this, DON'T DOWN LOAD THE FILE! It has a virus that
>>>>rewrites your hard drive, obliterating anything on it.
>>>>
>>>>Please be careful and forward this mail to anyone you care about.
>>>>
>>>>The FCC released a warning last Wednesday concerning a matter of major
>>>>importance to any regular user of the Internet. Apparently a new computer
>>>>virus has been engineered by a user of AMERICA ON LINE that is unparalleled
>>>>in its destructive capability. Other more well-known viruses such as
>>>>"Stoned", "Airwolf" and "Michaelangelo" pale in comparison to the prospects
>>>>of this newest creation by a warped mentality. What makes this virus so
>>>>terrifying, said the FCC, is the fact that no program needs to be exchanged
>>>>>>>>>for a new computer to be infected. It can be spread through the
>>>>existing email systems of the Internet.
>>>>
>>>>Once a Computer is infected, one of several things can happen. If the
>>>>computer contains a hard drive, that will most likely be destroyed. If
>>>>>>>>>the program is not stopped, the computer's processor will be placed
>in an
>>>>>>>>>nth-complexity infinite binary loop -which can severely damage the
>>>>>>>>>processor if left running that way too long.
>>>>
>>>>Unfortunately, most novice computer users will not realize what is
>>>>happeninguntil it is far too late. Luckily, there is one sure means of
>>>>detecting what is now known as the "Good Times" virus. It always travels to
>>>>new computers the same way in a text email message with the subject line
>>>>reading "Good Times". Avoiding infection is easy once the file has been
>>>>received simply by NOT READING IT! The act of loading the file into the
>>>>mail server's ASCII buffer causes the "Good Times" mainline program to
>>>>initialize and execute. The program is highly intelligent- it will send
>>>>copies of itself to everyone whose email address is contained in a
>>>>receive-mail file or a sent-mail file, if it can find one. It will then
>>>>proceed to trash the computer it is running on.
>>>>
>>>>The bottom line is: - if you receive a file with the subject line "Good
>>>>Times", delete it immediately! Do not read it" Rest assured that whoever's
>>>>name was on the "From" line was surely struck by the virus. Warn your
>>>>friends and local system users of this newest threat to the Internet! It
>>>>could save them a lot of time and money.
>>>>
>>>>Could you pass this along to your global mailing list as well?
>>>>
>>>>2> Subject: New and Dangerous Virus For your information ...
>>>>
>>>>DO NOT DOWNLOAD ANY FILE NAMED PKZIP300 REGARDLESS OF THE EXTENSION
>>>>
>>>>We work closely with the military and received this message from a very
>>>>reliable source in DC this morning.
>>>>
>>>>A NEW Trojan Horse Virus has emerged on the internet with the name
>>>>PKZIP300.ZIP, so named as to give the impression that this file is a new
>>>>version of the PKZIP software used to "ZIP" (compress) files.
>>>>
>>>>DO NOT DOWNLOAD this file under any circumstances!!! If you install or
>>>>expand this file, the virus WILL wipe your hard disk clean and affect
>>>>modems at 14.4 and higher. This is an extremely destructive virus and there
>>>>is NOT yet a way of cleaning up this one.
>>>>
>>>>>>>>>REPEAT: DO NOT DOWNLOAD ANY FILE NAMED PKZIP300 REGARDLESS OF THE
>>>>>>>>>EXTENSION.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------
Dr Wendy Wang
CRC for Temperature Hardwood Forestry
Locked Bag No 2, PO Sandy Bay
Tas 7005 Australia
Ph: (002) 207961
Fax: (002) 207942
Email: Wendy.Wang@tas.for.csiro.au
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jul 17 20:12 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 1996 18:59:17 -0500
Message-Id: <199607172359.AA04331@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 575
Contents:
Re: Virus Alert (kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister))
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 1996 20:47:35 -0400 (EDT)
From: kenbannister@groundwater.com (Kenneth E. Bannister)
Subject: Re: Virus Alert
It's a hoax.
At 06:58 PM 7/16/96 -0500, wendy wang wrote:
>Subject: Virus alert
>>>>>
>>>>>We have received the attached virus alert for all users of the Internet.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>ATTENTION : Internet virus
>>>>>
>>>>>Importance: High
>>>>>
>>>>>1> Subject: Please pass on this information to your colleagues.
>
--------------------------------------------------------------
Kenneth E. Bannister
President - BANNISTER RESEARCH & CONSULTING
Owner - GROUNDWATER Mailing List
http://www.groundwater.com KenBannister@groundwater.com
Sponsor- Addison United Soccer Club - 1996 Vermont Cup Runner-Up
U - 12 Olympic Development League Soccer
--------------------------------------------------------------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jul 18 20:13 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 1996 18:59:59 -0500
Message-Id: <199607182359.AA26444@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 576
Contents:
Postdoc Announcement - Forest Soils (Alison.Munson@sbf.ulaval.ca)
Date: Thu, 18 Jul 96 17:02:10 EDT
From: Alison.Munson@sbf.ulaval.ca
Subject: Postdoc Announcement - Forest Soils
Postdoctoral Position
Forest Soil Fertility and Biology
Centre de recherche en biologie forestiere
Universite Laval, Quebec City
Description: 8-month position, renewable for a second year. The successful applicant will work as
part of a group of researchers comparing ecosystem function and regeneration in the black spruce
forest type after fire disturbance and after careful logging (natural regeneration protected). The
specific project of the candidate will address aspects of soil fertility and biology including: soil
microclimate, C and N cycling - reserves, mineralizaton, microbial biomass and soil respiration,
availability of other nutrients, indices of soil biological activity. The ideal candidate will have
extensive field and laboratory experience involving the above techniques, facility to work in a team
situation, willingness to work at remote sites. The position provides an ideal environment to acquire a
second language, working with both anglophones and francophones. The project is financed by the
Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Forestry, which provides opportunities for exchanges with
researchers in many domains across Canada, as well as considerable interaction with other
researchers in the province of Quebec. The Centre de recherche en biologie forestiere also provides a
very interesting environment for interaction with graduate students and researchers in diverse
domains of forest biology.
Salary Level: 32 000/ year
Starting Date: As soon as possible
Deadline for application: August 30, 1996
Send a letter of introduction and a CV to:
Alison Munson
Dep. Sciences du bois et de la foret
Universite Laval
Sainte-Foy (Quebec)
G1K 7P4
For further information (after August 4):
alison.munson@sbf.ulaval.ca
(418) 656-7669
Applicants will receive a letter of acknowledgement starting mid-August. Interviews will be
conducted starting the first week of September.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jul 22 21:22 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 22 Jul 1996 20:09:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199607230109.AA22175@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 577
Contents:
sodic soils in USA (Paul Nelson <pnelson@waite.adelaide.edu.au>)
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 1996 10:41:52 +0930 (CST)
From: Paul Nelson <pnelson@waite.adelaide.edu.au>
Subject: sodic soils in USA
I am interested in the diagnosis and management of sodic soils under
irrigation, particularly under sugarcane.
In November, I will be attending the SSSA Annual Meeting, and while I am
in the US, I would like to visit labs/stations where people are working
on similar problems. I haven't yet set an itinerary, and I would greatly
welcome any ideas about which would be good places to visit. What do you
think?
On my return to Australia I will be working for the Bureau of Sugar
Experiment Stations and the Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable
Sugar Production in Queensland.
I look forward to hearing from anyone who may have similar interests.
Paul
______________________________________
Mr. Paul Nelson
Dept. of Soil Science, Waite Institute
Glen Osmond S.A. 5064, Australia
Tel. 61-8-3037284, Fax. 61-8-3036511
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jul 24 13:33 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 24 Jul 1996 12:20:24 -0500
Message-Id: <199607241720.AA05107@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 578
Contents:
introducing myself ("Marcos R. Crespo.-Cel. y papel" <mcrespo@ocelotl.dmcyp.udg.mx>)
Date: Wed, 24 Jul 1996 11:17:02 -0600 (CST)
From: "Marcos R. Crespo.-Cel. y papel" <mcrespo@ocelotl.dmcyp.udg.mx>
Subject: introducing myself
Hello!
My name is Marcos R. Crespo. I'm agriculture engineer and work as soil
researcher at the forest section of the Department of Wood, Cellulose and
Paper of the University of Guadalajara, Mexico.
My areas of interest are:
* Soil amendments for reforestation of woodlands and depleted fields.
* Use of forest products for the improvement of soil quality and for
soil conservation.
My `Burning' question is: Could anyone tell me how or where can I find
information about water proofing materials, preferable from wood fibers,
used for soil conservation?
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jul 25 14:38 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 1996 13:24:32 -0500
Message-Id: <199607251824.AA00392@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 579
Contents:
Nuclepore Filters? ("Goyne, Keith W." <Goyne@agronomy.cas.psu.edu>)
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 1996 13:03:00 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Goyne, Keith W." <Goyne@agronomy.cas.psu.edu>
Subject: Nuclepore Filters?
Good Afternoon.
Does anyone have a address or telephone number for the company that makes
Nuclepore Poly Carbonate filters? They are used in soil solution filtering.
Thanks
Keith W. Goyne (goyne@psu.edu)
Penn State
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jul 26 14:38 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 1996 13:25:33 -0500
Message-Id: <199607261825.AA19956@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 580
Contents:
Re: Nuclepore Filters? ("Don Wauchope" <don@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu>)
water proofing products ("Marcos R. Crespo.-Cel. y papel" <mcrespo@ocelotl.dmcyp.udg.mx>)
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 1996 14:59:18 +0000
From: "Don Wauchope" <don@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu>
Subject: Re: Nuclepore Filters?
> Does anyone have a address or telephone number for the company that makes
> Nuclepore Poly Carbonate filters? They are used in soil solution filtering.
>
> Thanks
>
> Keith W. Goyne (goyne@psu.edu)
> Penn State
It's the Nuclepore Corporation, but I don't have an address. Most of
the major lab supply catalogs carry them (Baker, VWR, Thomas, etc.).
R. Don Wauchope
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Agricultural Research Service
University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station
P. O. Box 748
Tifton, GA 31793 USA
(912) 386-3892 FAX (912) 386-7225
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 1996 08:48:00 -0600 (CST)
From: "Marcos R. Crespo.-Cel. y papel" <mcrespo@ocelotl.dmcyp.udg.mx>
Subject: water proofing products
Hello!
I'm doing a research and need to know where or how can I find
information about water proofing products specially made with natural
fibers and are used to protect soils from erosion. Can anyone help me?
Thanks.
Marcos R. Crespo
Instituto de Madera, Celulosa y Papel
Universidad de Guadalajara
A.P. 52-93 C.P. 45020
Guadalajara, Jal.
Mexico
E-Mail: mcrespo@amatl.dmcyp.udg.mx
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jul 27 18:14 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 27 Jul 1996 17:01:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199607272201.AA02492@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 581
Contents:
Plinthite and Vertisol formation (Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>)
Date: Sat, 27 Jul 1996 18:46:45 -0300 (BSB)
From: Miguel Cooper <mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br>
Subject: Plinthite and Vertisol formation
Hello!!
I am beginning a research on the formation of plinthite, petroplinthite and
soils with vertic properties.
I would like to know if anyone could help me in giving me information or
literature on which are the best geochemical and mineralogical
analitical methods I can use to be able to explain their genesis.
Thanking you in advance for your help,
Yours sincerely,
Michael Cooper
Av. Prof. Alberto Vollet Sachs 499 E1/32
13418-670 Piracicaba-SP
Brazil
Tel/fax: (+55194) 29-6119
e-mail: mcooper@carpa.ciagri.usp.br
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jul 29 14:16 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 1996 13:03:37 -0500
Message-Id: <199607291803.AA18335@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 582
Contents:
Information to unscribe. ("Catharine L. Brown" <cbrown@charon.engga.uwo.ca>)
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 1996 13:43:45 -0400 (EDT)
From: "Catharine L. Brown" <cbrown@charon.engga.uwo.ca>
Subject: Information to unscribe.
hello
I am hoping that someone will be able to send directions to unscribe from
the list.
Catharine L. Brown
Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Geotechnical Engineering
University of Western Ontario
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jul 30 14:17 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 1996 13:03:37 -0500
Message-Id: <199607301803.AA09307@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 583
Contents:
Re: Information to unscribe. (Glenn Davis <gdavis@Soils.Umn.EDU>)
Date: Tue, 30 Jul 1996 08:03:45 -0500 (CDT)
From: Glenn Davis <gdavis@Soils.Umn.EDU>
Subject: Re: Information to unscribe.
At 12:34 PM 7/29/96 -0500, you wrote:
>hello
>
>I am hoping that someone will be able to send directions to unscribe from
>the list.
>Catharine L. Brown
>Dept. of Civil Engineering,
>Geotechnical Engineering
>University of Western Ontario
>
Catharine,
Here are the directions I received when I signed on to SOILS-L:
To unsubscribe from SOILS-L, send an email message to the
address listserv@unl.edu with this text:
UNSUB SOILS-L
Hope this works for you.
Glenn Davis
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jul 31 14:17 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 1996 13:04:35 -0500
Message-Id: <199607311804.AA01132@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 584
Contents:
email addresses (Paul Nelson <pnelson@waite.adelaide.edu.au>)
Date: Wed, 31 Jul 1996 12:45:13 +0930 (CST)
From: Paul Nelson <pnelson@waite.adelaide.edu.au>
Subject: email addresses
I'm wondering if someone might be able to give me the email addresses for
Prof. John Letey and/or Prof. James Oster of the University of
California, Riverside. I've looked at their web pages, and those of the
University, but don't seem to be able to find any email addresses.
Thankyou very much,
Paul
______________________________________
Mr. Paul Nelson
Dept. of Soil Science, Waite Institute
Glen Osmond S.A. 5064, Australia
Tel. 61-8-3037284, Fax. 61-8-3036511
End of Digest
Prepared by Steve Modena, AB4EL
Suggestions and comments to: modena@SunSITE.unc.edu