SOILS-L: 199701XX
is the compilation of discussion during Jan 97
via AB4EL Web Digests @ SunSITE
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jan 3 14:40 EST 1997
Date: Fri, 3 Jan 1997 13:41:49 -0600
Message-Id: <199701031941.AA02869@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 669
Contents:
Liquid fertilizer/salinity problem? (S.Pini@agora.stm.it)
ACOE Wetland Delineation Training (Richard Chinn <info@envtechcenter.com>)
Date: Thu, 2 Jan 97 21:5:21 ITA
From: S.Pini@agora.stm.it
Subject: Liquid fertilizer/salinity problem?
Dear sirs,
I'm an agronomist and I work in a public laboratory for soil analysis in
Liguria (North West Italy).
Two weeks ago a grower called me to see his greenhouse for a big damage to
his roses coltivation. The leaves in the basal part of the stem
firt burned and after fell to the ground. The young leaves of the upper
part of the stem were without symptoms.
The grower think that the damage was a salinity problem but our
laboratory tested the soil in October and conductivity measurement was
350 microS/cm 25 C (soil:water=1:5 weight).
The grower, in October AFTER the analysis, fertilized his roses with
liquid fertilizers with this composition:
Product A: "Hydrolized animal epithelium with amino acids at medium and
low molecolar weight:
H2O: 43%
total organic N: 7,02%
organic C: 19%
total organic matter: 44,45
Distribution dose: 24 kg/1300 square meters (about 0,3 acres)
Product B: "Bio-stimulant"
Organic Matter 32-33%
Proteins, amino acids, 12,5%
Polysaccharides 2,0 %
Humic acids 2,9 %
Distribution dose: 6 kg/1300 square meters (about 0,3 acres)
he used also Calcium nitrate kg 12/0,3 acres.
Now I need of your help to understand if the damage could be a really
problem
of salinity in the soil or other causes, like ammonia or nitrite damage.
I'm also interested to know descriptions of syntoms of salt damage, soil
testing procedure for salinity and interpretation scales and your opinions
about the utility for the plant of products like these liquid fertilizers.
Thank you in advance,
Stefano Pini
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Stefano Pini E-mail: s.pini@agora.stm.it
Laboratorio Regionale Analisi Terreni
Loc. Pallodola c/o Mercato Ortofrutticololo Phone : + 39 187 620254
I-19038 - SARZANA (SP) ITALY Fax : + 39 187 627698
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 03 Jan 1997 11:01:38 -0500
From: Richard Chinn <info@envtechcenter.com>
Subject: ACOE Wetland Delineation Training
The Environmental Technology Center will be offering Army Corps of
Engineers Wetland Delineation Training on the following dates in the
following cities:
City Dates
New Orleans, LA January 13 - 17, 1997
San Diego, CA January 27 - 31, 1997
Tampa, FL February 3 - 7, 1997
Ann Arbor, MI February 10 - 14, 1997
Boston, MA March 10 - 14, 1997
Tampa, FL March 24 - 28, 1997
The benefits of this training are twofold:
1. It teaches proper, ACOE-approved methods for wetland jurisdictional
determination and delineation, and
2. It prepares persons for the Corps' written and field tests required
for certification. The Corps plans implementation of the Wetland
Delineation Certification Program in early, 1997.
See our web page for an overview and current status of the Corps'
Wetland Delineation Certification Program.
For additional information, contact:
--
Richard Chinn, MS
Certified Wetland Delineator
Certified Environmental Trainer
Environmental Technology Center
8413 Laurel Fair Circle, Suite 200
Tampa, Florida 33610-7355
Ph: (813) 621-8848
Ph: (800) 348-8848
Fax: (813) 621-0153
Web Site: http://envtechcenter.com
E-Mail: info@envtechcenter.com
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jan 6 00:45 EST 1997
Date: Sun, 5 Jan 1997 23:48:25 -0600
Message-Id: <199701060548.AA12508@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 670
Contents:
TOTAL SULFUR DET. IN SOIL ("I. Kojo" <cisagoe@ipc.hiroshima-u.ac.jp>)
Date: Mon, 6 Jan 1997 14:27:23 +0900 (JST)
From: "I. Kojo" <cisagoe@ipc.hiroshima-u.ac.jp>
Subject: TOTAL SULFUR DET. IN SOIL
We are having problems trying to determine total S in an Udipsamment,
sandy siliceous soil.
We used the NaHCO3, Ag2O method of Steinberg et al. (1962). After
digestion, the sample was extracted with 10mM CaCl2 (soil:soln. ratio,
1:2) and S det. by ion chromatography.
We could not detect any S in the sample when the recommended 0.1g sample
was used.
So we increased sample size up to 10 g. Nothing was detected.
We then added 100ppm S to the soil sample and still no S was detected.
Reducing the ashing temp. from 550 to 280oC was of no help.
However, total S in cattle manure compost was successfully determined
by the same method (about 11,000 ppm).
Data from lit. indicates that this soil contain 30-50 ppm total S (X'ray
fluorescence spectroscopy)
Where did we err? Any suggestions?
Regards,
Charles Sagoe
Hiroshima University
Japan
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jan 7 01:05 EST 1997
Date: Tue, 7 Jan 1997 00:08:11 -0600
Message-Id: <199701070608.AA09965@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 671
Contents:
RE: TOTAL SULFUR DET. IN SOIL ("Perrott, Ken" <PERROTTK@agresearch.cri.nz>)
Date: Tue, 07 Jan 1997 08:27 +1200 (NZST)
From: "Perrott, Ken" <PERROTTK@agresearch.cri.nz>
Subject: RE: TOTAL SULFUR DET. IN SOIL
We have measured total S in soils using a similar method (described in
Perrott et al (1992): Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 22(13&14), 1477-1487),
but determining S by ICP.
We found low recoveries of S when extracted with water and had to extract
with HCl to overcome this. There seems to be a reaction which converts some
of the soil S into a non extractable form. (We found this occurred when S
was added to the soil in solution but not when added as a solid salt). Maybe
this is worse with CaCl2 extractants. It is an interesting problem which we
have not had trime to pursue.
This is a pity because extraction with water would have improed the
sensitivity of the method and allowed use of ion chromatography after
removal of Na2CO3 with cation exchange resin.
My suggestion - extract with acid and determine S by ICP (or similar method
not effected by the acid). However, it is necessary to corrrect for Al, Fe,
Ca, etc. extracted from the soil.
______________________________________________
Ken Perrott
AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre
Private Bag 3123, Hamilton, NEW ZEALAND.
Telephone: +64-7-838 5119. Facsimile: +64-7-838 5160.
Email: perrottk@agresearch.cri.nz
______________________________________________
----------
> From: I. Kojo
> To: PerrottK; Multiple recipients of list
> Subject: TOTAL SULFUR DET. IN SOIL
> Date: Monday, 6 January 1997 17:37
>
>
>
> We are having problems trying to determine total S in an Udipsamment,
> sandy siliceous soil.
>
> We used the NaHCO3, Ag2O method of Steinberg et al. (1962). After
> digestion, the sample was extracted with 10mM CaCl2 (soil:soln. ratio,
> 1:2) and S det. by ion chromatography.
>
> We could not detect any S in the sample when the recommended 0.1g sample
> was used.
>
>
>
> Charles Sagoe
> Hiroshima University
> Japan
>
>
>
>
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jan 8 01:09 EST 1997
Date: Wed, 8 Jan 1997 00:08:42 -0600
Message-Id: <199701080608.AA08910@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 672
Contents:
Texture AutoLookup (Christopher Teh Boon Sung <chris@agri.upm.edu.my>)
Re: Texture AutoLookup ("Mark Johnston" <mjohnsto@sky.Lakeheadu.Ca>)
Re: Texture AutoLookup (TTrooien@oznet.ksu.edu (Todd Trooien))
Re: Texture AutoLookup (Christopher Teh Boon Sung <chris@agri.upm.edu.my>)
Date: Tue, 07 Jan 1997 21:51:30 +0800
From: Christopher Teh Boon Sung <chris@agri.upm.edu.my>
Subject: Texture AutoLookup
Hello everyone,
I recently wrote a computer program to determine the soil's textural class
based on the USDA classification scheme. It's a simple program that works
within Excel, Lotus 123 for Windows, and as well as a stand alone version.
I wrote this program mainly because I wanted one myself; I recently
analyzed a lot of soil samples, and I wanted a program to automatically
lookup all their textural class. You can download this program for free at
the following WWW:
http://www.agri.upm.edu.my/~chris/tal.html
I only ask you send me email before you download this program. Thanks and
best wishes in your research projects.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Christopher Teh Boon Sung
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture,
Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang,
Selangor, MALAYSIA.
Tel: (603) 948 6101 extension 2716
Fax: (603) 943 4419
http://www.agri.upm.edu.my/~chris/
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Date: Tue, 7 Jan 1997 09:24:14 +0000
From: "Mark Johnston" <mjohnsto@sky.Lakeheadu.Ca>
Subject: Re: Texture AutoLookup
Hi Christopher:
I also do a lot of textural analysis and would be interested in your
program. I assume it's OK to download a copy.
---
Dr. Mark Johnston
Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research
Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road
Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1
tel (807) 343-4012; fax (807) 343-4001
email: mjohnsto@sky.lakeheadu.ca
URL: http://www.cnfer.on.ca
Date: 07 Jan 97 09:21:05 CST
From: TTrooien@oznet.ksu.edu (Todd Trooien)
Subject: Re: Texture AutoLookup
Christopher-
I'd also like to download a copy of your program.
My emailer strips off your return email address on the message that
comes through the listserv. If you would kindly provide your email
address in your post, folks like me could alert you off-list that we
plan to download your program.
Thanks for making the program available.
Todd Trooien
Research Agricultural Engineer
ttrooien@oznet.ksu.edu
Date: Tue, 07 Jan 1997 23:48:47 +0800
From: Christopher Teh Boon Sung <chris@agri.upm.edu.my>
Subject: Re: Texture AutoLookup
At 09:39 AM 07-01-97 -0600, you wrote:
>Christopher-
>
>I'd also like to download a copy of your program.
>
>My emailer strips off your return email address on the message that
>comes through the listserv. If you would kindly provide your email
>address in your post, folks like me could alert you off-list that we
>plan to download your program.
>
>Thanks for making the program available.
>
>
>Todd Trooien
>Research Agricultural Engineer
>ttrooien@oznet.ksu.edu
>
>
Dear Todd Trooien,
Thank you for your interest in this little program. My email is:
chris@agri.upm.edu.my
Please feel free to download this program. Best wishes.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Christopher Teh Boon Sung
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture,
Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang,
Selangor, MALAYSIA.
Tel: (603) 948 6101 extension 2716
Fax: (603) 943 4419
http://www.agri.upm.edu.my/~chris/
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jan 9 01:06 EST 1997
Date: Thu, 9 Jan 1997 00:09:14 -0600
Message-Id: <199701090609.AA12006@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 673
Contents:
Re: X - Reply (chaveshl@guarany.cpd.unb.br (henrique marinho leite chaves))
Date: Wed, 8 Jan 1997 11:59:19 -0300
From: chaveshl@guarany.cpd.unb.br (henrique marinho leite chaves)
Subject: Re: X - Reply
unsubscribe
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jan 10 15:32 EST 1997
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 1997 14:33:40 -0600
Message-Id: <199701102033.AA20546@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 674
Contents:
Re: Tritium exchange as used to measure surface area ("Mark Hodson" <Mark.Hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk>)
X (ENEditor@aol.com)
Re: X (rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2))
Re: Texture AutoLookup (Tom Thomson <tomt@teleport.com>)
X (ENEditor@aol.com)
Date: Thu, 9 Jan 1997 08:19:50 0
From: "Mark Hodson" <Mark.Hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: Tritium exchange as used to measure surface area
> Hi,
> >
> > My name is Mark Hodson. I am presently working on mineral weathering
> > rates and critical loads of acidity in soils. I am becoming
> > interested in surface area measurements. I wonder if anyone out there
> > knows of any handy references covering theory and application of
> > tritium exchange as used to measure surface area.
> >
> > thanks in advance
> >
> > Mark Hodson
M. Hodson
MLURI,
Craigiebuckler,
Aberdeen.
AB15 8QH
SCOTLAND
Phone: +44 (0) 1224 318611 Fax: +44 (0) 1224 311556
Email: m.hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 9 Jan 1997 09:21:08 -0500 (EST)
From: ENEditor@aol.com
Subject: X
unsubscribe
Date: Thu, 9 Jan 1997 18:43:50 +0100
From: rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2)
Subject: Re: X
unsuscribe
Date: Thu, 9 Jan 1997 13:31:22 -0800 (PST)
From: Tom Thomson <tomt@teleport.com>
Subject: Re: Texture AutoLookup
I would like to download a copy of this program.
Thanks for the effort you made. Tom
Tom Thomson Northwest Agricultural Consulting
Dallas, Oregon 97338 Phone/FAX 503-623-0468
"The only difference between a problem and a solution is that
everyone understands the solution." Charles Kettering
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 1997 10:55:41 -0500 (EST)
From: ENEditor@aol.com
Subject: X
unsubscribe
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jan 11 15:32 EST 1997
Date: Sat, 11 Jan 1997 14:34:21 -0600
Message-Id: <199701112034.AA11632@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 675
Contents:
No Subject (Ckronberg@aol.com)
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 1997 16:48:03 -0500 (EST)
From: Ckronberg@aol.com
Subject: No Subject
unsubscribe
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jan 14 13:53 EST 1997
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 1997 12:54:33 -0600
Message-Id: <199701141854.AA24193@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 677
Contents:
x ("Renato D. Boniao" <RENATO@cc1.msuiit.edu.ph>)
Re: No Subject (Jimmywhyt@aol.com)
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 1997 11:07:37 GMT+8
From: "Renato D. Boniao" <RENATO@cc1.msuiit.edu.ph>
Subject: x
unsubscribe
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 1997 08:50:28 -0500 (EST)
From: Jimmywhyt@aol.com
Subject: Re: No Subject
unsubscribe soils-l
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jan 15 14:09 EST 1997
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 1997 13:09:38 -0600
Message-Id: <199701151909.AA09089@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 678
Contents:
unsaturated hydroulic conductivity ("Ali Reza Movahedi Naeini" <PEV94AM@wye.ac.uk>)
Re: unsaturated hydroulic conductivity (Dean Stewart <stewartd@tui.lincoln.ac.nz>)
Re: unsubscribe (<julia.quinn@luton.ac.uk>)
subscription info (Maribeth Milner <milner@ames.net>)
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 1997 21:58:40 GMT
From: "Ali Reza Movahedi Naeini" <PEV94AM@wye.ac.uk>
Subject: unsaturated hydroulic conductivity
Hi
In a field maize trial, I have applied garden compost as incorporated
and mulch. Statistics show a greater moisture content at both end of
Soil Moisture Characteristic Curve in incorporation treatment, and no
change in water holding capacity compared to other treatments
including control. The yield was higher in incorporation method and
soil moisture use during growing season was the same as other
treatments.
I am wondering whether incorporation increases unsaturated hydraulic
conductivity in the lower end of moisture content in the hydraulic
head - moisture content curve or not (any comment) and also any
references with regard to organic carbon and unsaturated hydraulic
conductivity in low moisture contents is appreciated.
Ali Reza Movahedi Naeini Ph.D Student Wye College
University of London,Wye Near Ashford,Kent TN25 5AH
Phone Office :01233 812401 EXT:391
Phone Hostel :01233 812012 Room Nomber-9
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 1997 11:59:34 +1300
From: Dean Stewart <stewartd@tui.lincoln.ac.nz>
Subject: Re: unsaturated hydroulic conductivity
Both work by Kaddous and Morgans (1986) and myself has found similar
results (ie. increased soil moisture contents but no change in the
water holding capacity) following the incorporation of several
applications of mushroom compost. Neither research made any
unsaturated hydralic conductivity measurements, however the compost
increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the infiltration rate
respectively in the two studies.
Please contact me directly if you want details of either of these
trials.
Dean
-------------------------------------------------------
Dr Dean P.C. Stewart
AgResearch
c/- Department of Soil Science
Lincoln University
P.O. Box 84
Canterbury
New Zealand
Phone: (3) 3253 888
Fax: (3) 3253 607
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 1997 12:55:36 GMT
From: <julia.quinn@luton.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe soils-l
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 1997 12:40:50 -0600
From: Maribeth Milner <milner@ames.net>
Subject: subscription info
> This group is for the discussion of all aspects of Soil Science.
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End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jan 16 20:21 EST 1997
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 1997 19:23:02 -0600
Message-Id: <199701170123.AA14705@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 679
Contents:
Digest setting? ("D. L. Oetting" <do65731@navix.net>)
Piezometers and lysimeters (Paul Reynolds <PREYNOLD@tnrcc.state.tx.us>)
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 1997 13:59:04 -0600
From: "D. L. Oetting" <do65731@navix.net>
Subject: Digest setting?
This is a great service, but would anyone happen to know if there is a
"digest" setting for the soils-l list? I'm hoping to get one e-mail message
a day from the list, a collection of all the messages for one day. I know
that feature is possible on other listservs that I'm subscribed to. -- Dan
Oetting, Pro-Ag: Precision Soil Consulting
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 1997 09:47:16 -0600
From: Paul Reynolds <PREYNOLD@tnrcc.state.tx.us>
Subject: Piezometers and lysimeters
Hi all,
I am needing some information pertaining to costs and installation
standards of piezometers and lysimeters. If any of you are venders
and would be interested in submitting bids, contact me via personal
E-mail and I will get back with you ASAP.
Also, I need information on training for the installation and sampling of
these. Would anyone have any information for training sessions in
Texas?
We are working on a federal project, in NE Texas, that is intended to
evaluate the implementation of BMP's on confined animal feeding
operations (CAFO) in that part of the state. Due to federal monies
involved, all individuals have to be trained and certified in the installation
and sampling of the particular method we use.
Thanks for you time.
adios
PS- I'm trying to access 3 lists with one E-Mail. I hope this does not
cause any problems.
Paul Reynolds
preynold@smtpgate.tnrcc.state.tx.us
Agronomist
TNRCC
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jan 18 00:23 EST 1997
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 1997 23:25:03 -0600
Message-Id: <199701180525.AA27299@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 680
Contents:
Re: unsaturated hydroulic conductivity ("Malone, Robert" <malone@coshocton.com>)
A question... (foldenyi@almos.vein.hu (Dr Foldenyi Rita))
Re: No Subject (Spielmops@aol.com)
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 1997 06:45:36 -0600
From: "Malone, Robert" <malone@coshocton.com>
Subject: Re: unsaturated hydroulic conductivity
Ali:
In my Ph.D. research, I added yard waste compost to a silt loam soil
and found that the field capacity and the wilting point of the yard
waste compost amended soil increased compared to the unamended silt loam
soil. But the water holding capacity (field capacity minus wilting
point) changed very little. This seems to be what you found. Since my
work was primarily focused upon pesticide transport, this data won't be
published so if you need details, please contact me.
An article you may be interested in is Emerson (1995, "Water Retention,
Organic C and Soil Texture", Aust. J. Soil Res., 33:241-51).
Regards,
Rob
*************************************************
* Rob Malone *
* Research Agricultural Engineer *
* North Appalachian Experimental Watershed *
* USDA-ARS *
* P.O. Box 488 *
* Coshocton, OH 43812-0488 *
* malone@coshocton.com *
* *
* Phone: 614-545-6349 *
* Fax: 614-545-5125 *
*************************************************
Ali Reza Movahedi Naeini wrote:
>
> Hi
>
> In a field maize trial, I have applied garden compost as incorporated
> and mulch. Statistics show a greater moisture content at both end of
> Soil Moisture Characteristic Curve in incorporation treatment, and no
> change in water holding capacity compared to other treatments
> including control. The yield was higher in incorporation method and
> soil moisture use during growing season was the same as other
> treatments.
>
> I am wondering whether incorporation increases unsaturated hydraulic
> conductivity in the lower end of moisture content in the hydraulic
> head - moisture content curve or not (any comment) and also any
> references with regard to organic carbon and unsaturated hydraulic
> conductivity in low moisture contents is appreciated.
>
> Ali Reza Movahedi Naeini Ph.D Student Wye College
> University of London,Wye Near Ashford,Kent TN25 5AH
> Phone Office :01233 812401 EXT:391
> Phone Hostel :01233 812012 Room Nomber-9
--
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 1997 18:19:10 +0100
From: foldenyi@almos.vein.hu (Dr Foldenyi Rita)
Subject: A question...
Dear Soils-l Subscribers!
Please, excuse me for this letter but we have found a project possibility
and the deadline is too closed. This is a TEMPUS project for Europe (it
needs two partners from EU, at least one university, the other can be an
institution) and the deadline is the 31-st of January 1997. Everything can
be reached by the Internet at the http://www.prof.iif.hu/tempus/tempus.htm
location.
We want to begin a project in the education (and research) about soils -
especially in the environmental point of view. As I have knowledge enough
about pesticides and their fate (I am chemist worked a lot on the field of
organic chemistry), we are interested in the movement and degradation of
these compounds. One of my collegaues is interested in geophysics.
If somebody thinks about the collaboration, please, write to my e-mail
address! We are interested in a later cooperation, too.
Thank you for your attention!
Sincerely, Rita Foldenyi
Department of Environmental Engineering & Chemical Technology
University of Veszprem
H-8201 Veszprem, P.O.B. 158
Hungary
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 1997 18:04:17 -0500 (EST)
From: Spielmops@aol.com
Subject: Re: No Subject
unsubscribe soils-l
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Jan 19 00:23 EST 1997
Date: Sat, 18 Jan 1997 23:25:09 -0600
Message-Id: <199701190525.AA25328@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 681
Contents:
(Benjamin Goodin <goodi@popalex1.linknet.net>)
Date: Sat, 18 Jan 1997 12:23:25 -0600
From: Benjamin Goodin <goodi@popalex1.linknet.net>
Subject:
unsubscribe
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jan 20 00:23 EST 1997
Date: Sun, 19 Jan 1997 23:25:29 -0600
Message-Id: <199701200525.AA11707@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 682
Contents:
Re: subscription info (rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2))
Date: Mon, 20 Jan 1997 00:00:04 +0100
From: rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2)
Subject: Re: subscription info
unsuscribe soils-l
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jan 21 00:24 EST 1997
Date: Mon, 20 Jan 1997 23:25:45 -0600
Message-Id: <199701210525.AA15073@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 683
Contents:
request for assistance/info ("Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>)
Date: Mon, 20 Jan 1997 01:41:59 -0800
From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
Subject: request for assistance/info
I have only recently discovered the "science" of biointensive
agriculture (used because I know of no other proper term for this area
of
holistically approached composting, soil management, and plant growth
that involves all sound and tested uses of microflora and fauna along
with organic, composting, french intensive, vermiculture and other
techniques).
For over thiry years I have subscribed to my own techniques and ideas
but only recently noticed them being addressed professionally. I am now
extremely interested in developing a more professional and applied
understanding of applied methodologies that include well thought out,
safe, practical,and scientific/agricultural engineering techniques and
procedural methodologies from A to Z in terms of organic waste
utilization, composting, applied microbiologicals at all appropriate
phases and for purposes such as more rapid conversion, more thorough
conversion of difficult organics, nitrogen fixation, ammonia conversion,
etc. in composting and in soil innoculation.
In short, I have no false impression that I could become an overnight
soil scientist at 46 but I do have a strong interest in any APPLIED
systems, information, products,or equipment associated with soil, mulch,
tilth, and composting processes...especially when a synergy can be
achieved to utilize industrial, residential, commercial, municipal, and
agricultural organic wastes.
Having just returned from a four day seminar in sustainable agriculture
I was disappointed at how little is available here in the U.S. whether
in terms of information, proven products, or even in U.S. made
machinery that assists in composting mechanization, management, control,
automation or materials handling.
Should you know of any available literature or sources of
information on any of these topics, please consider me your all too
willing sponge... waiting to absorb all that is available!
Likewise, should you know of any sources for a variety of starters or
innoculant cultures or other microflora and fauna for the many aspects
or
phases of composting/soil development/farming/waste processing I would
certainly appreciate receiving information and /or samples.
LASTLY, I have located a source of granite dust that is a derivative of
georgia granite (stone mountain) quarrying operations that I would like
to use in composting as a rock phosphate.....Is there anyone that could
specify a range of acceptable grid sizes that would allow the minerals
to be accessable and broken down.
Thanks for any and all feeding!!!!!!!!!!!!
THANK YOU
--
Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jan 22 00:30 EST 1997
Date: Tue, 21 Jan 1997 23:29:58 -0600
Message-Id: <199701220529.AA19422@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 684
Contents:
Data manipulation ("Mark Hodson" <Mark.Hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk>)
Re: request for assistance/info (Robert_Mikkelsen@ncsu.edu)
Date: Mon, 20 Jan 1997 17:28:36 0
From: "Mark Hodson" <Mark.Hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk>
Subject: Data manipulation
hi,
A question about data analysis on the assumption that I'm not the
only person in the world who tries to use statistics on the EXCEL
spreadsheet. Can anyone tell me how to use the linest function in excel to
producemultiple linear regression constants. I have tried following
the example in the online helop but had no success. Is my problem
that I haven't told EXCEL that my cells are members of an array
(separate from defining the array within the linest command)
M. Hodson
MLURI,
Craigiebuckler,
Aberdeen.
AB15 8QH
SCOTLAND
Phone: +44 (0) 1224 318611 Fax: +44 (0) 1224 311556
Email: m.hodson@mluri.sari.ac.uk
Date: Tue, 21 Jan 1997 09:26:13 -0500 (EST)
From: Robert_Mikkelsen@ncsu.edu
Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
>I have only recently discovered the "science" of biointensive agriculture
(used because I know of no other proper term for this area of
>LASTLY, I have located a source of granite dust that is a derivative of
georgia granite (stone mountain) quarrying operations that I would like to
use in composting as a rock phosphate.....Is there anyone that could specify
a range of acceptable grid sizes that would allow the minerals to be
accessable and broken down.
>
>Thanks for any and all feeding!!!!!!!!!!!! THANK YOU
>--
>Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
>Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
>7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
I appreciate your enthusiasm for the practical aspects of agricultural
production and waste utilization. Many exciting developments keep this area
full of new ideas and challenges. Do not feel hampered by your lack of
formal education, but please keep a healthy skepticism as you delve into
this area. There are many who are devout believers in certain narrow
aspects of this field and they are not inhibited in asking for financial
support of their activities!
As for Georgia granite rock dust, this likely has NO value as a P source.
Of course a chemical analysis needs to be done to confirm this. Published
research has shown virtually NO AGRONOMIC VALUE from applications of rock
dust (except possibly in soils with extremely low potassium). Rocks weather
very slowly and only over very long time periods do they contribute any
nutrients for plant growth. (rhyolite, a potassium feldspar may be one of
the better granitic rock dusts for supplying K, but it is still quite poor
when the expense and high application rates are considered).
Rock phosphate CAN be a valuable source of nutrients for plants in some
circumstances, but this IS NOT granitic material. The phosphate present
in most rock phosphate sources is quite insoluble- therefore it will not
"dissolve", but just sit there in the soil, useless to the plants (e.g.
Florida rock P). This low solubility is why it is processed into soluble P
fertilizers. Some sources of rock P are more soluble that others (e.g.
North Carolina rock P). If ground finely and APPLIED TO ACIDIC SOIL, the
more soluble rock P can serve as a nutrient source (the soil acidity is
required to dissolve the rock). There is considerable information published
regarding the use of rock P and its many potential uses, but do not confuse
it with granitic rock dust.
Good luck!
Robert Mikkelsen
Department of Soil Science
Box 7619, North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC 27695-7619
Voice: (919) 515-2388
FAX: (919) 515-2167
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jan 23 11:19 EST 1997
Date: Thu, 23 Jan 1997 10:15:45 -0600
Message-Id: <199701231615.AA29169@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 685
Contents:
Re: request for assistance/info (Marino Perelli <marino@veneto.shineline.it>)
Re: request for assistance/info ("Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>)
unsubscribe (chaveshl@guarany.cpd.unb.br (henrique marinho leite chaves))
(Julia Strauch <julia@openlink.com.br>)
unsuscribe (rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2))
Date: Wed, 22 Jan 1997 16:28:08 +0100
From: Marino Perelli <marino@veneto.shineline.it>
Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
I agree completely with the opinion of Robert Mikkelsen.
In my experience, rock dusts do not affect plant nutrition, especially, but
not only, on calcareous soils.
In European Union rock dust is considered as a fertilizer for organic
agriculture, but it is useful only for the dealer of rocks.
_________________________________________________
Marino Perelli freelance agronomist
Via Puccini, 11 - 30034 Mira VE - Italia
voice: +39 41 421995 fax: +39 41 421995
(from Italy: 041-421995)
E-mail: marino@veneto.shineline.it
http://www.shineline.it/utenti/perelli/index.htm
_________________________________________________
Date: Tue, 21 Jan 1997 18:40:00 -0800
From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
Thank you for your no nonsence approach to this topic. I wish I could
speak Italian.......a BEAUTIFUL language! Alas, the closest I come is
Spanish....much to the lament of my sister in law de PUGLIA...Antoinette
Puglisi! The folowing may give you an idea of just how close our thought
paths are...I wish there were an international forum for such
topics!...............................
What I was
trying to get to comes from weeks of intense study of the web and going
to conferences in vermiculture, composting, organic gardening, organic
waste, processing, and sust ag.. However, with all of the many different
theories, authors, schools of thought, and sources of hype it is
difficult to get enough meat or unbiased, common sense straight talk.
For example, yesterday I was told two totally different things by two
separate universities regarding rock dust...one claiming it is essential
to the composting process and another uncategorically ststing that rock
dudts are useless in agriculture. Vermiculturists assert that worm
castings are the most valuable commodity in the garden and that you can
take raw pig manure and run it through worms to totally remove the
pathogens and add countless new minerals while improving texture.
Composters insist that worms lock up the nutrients, destroy
microorganisms, and result in a product that is less nutritive...if
anything. Other composters insist upon adding clays, rock powders,
extracts, innoculants and a very managed process while others still
insist upon quick working, in vessel, anaerobic waste consumption. All
is this is before you even get into bio-intensive, controlled microbial,
organic, bio dynamic, french intensive, etc, etc, etc..
My bottom line is simple, I am trying to determine what has been
PROVEN
in order to arrive at an approach or "sysytem" that integrates the best
of what we know...without hype or speculation......to approach a systems
perspective that in logical steps takes any and all organic wastes,
prepares them for composting, utilizes a proven approach towards
blending and preparing for the composting, processes the waste in a cost
effective, controlable, manageable, scaleable, predictable manner that
is at once fairly simple to implement without doctorate degrees in
microbiology, easy to replicate at multiple sites, and yet produces a
product that is totally safe, thoroughly composted, and well balanced.
I may be crazy, but this approach...to my mind...would cut across tur
wars and other boundaries to deliver a process/product that would
address agricultural/industrial/municipal/and environmental needs.
Please feel free to copy or forward as you may desire...I'm just trying
to assimilate what I have now spent several months studying! COMMENTS or
THOUGHTS?
--
Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
Date: Wed, 22 Jan 1997 17:21:54 -0300
From: chaveshl@guarany.cpd.unb.br (henrique marinho leite chaves)
Subject: unsubscribe
unsubscribe soils-l
Date: Thu, 23 Jan 1997 07:45:59 -0200
From: Julia Strauch <julia@openlink.com.br>
Subject:
UNSUBSCRIBE SOILS-L
julia
Date: Thu, 23 Jan 1997 15:55:34 +0100
From: rault@epi.roazhon.inra.fr (ensa2)
Subject: unsuscribe
unsuscribe soils-l
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jan 24 14:09 EST 1997
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 1997 13:04:52 -0600
Message-Id: <199701241904.AA02083@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: SOILS-L digest 686
Contents:
Re: request for assistance/info ("Bernd Kuemmel" <BEK@mmf.ruc.dk>)
Re: request for assistance/info ("Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>)
Announcement: Mailing list WASTE (Bujatti Wolfgang <Wolfgang.Bujatti@bmu.gv.at>)
commercial/municipal composting ("Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>)
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 1997 11:05:42 +0100
From: "Bernd Kuemmel" <BEK@mmf.ruc.dk>
Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
Clarence, Marino and Robert!
It would seem to me that what you are looking for are scientific approaches
to the topic with a simple, understandable for business people, sommunication
module.
I think some problems can arise during the scientific investigation. The
input material can be vastly different and therefore a standardisation is
necessary to make sure that results refer to the same input material, if
this is applicable, or to the same methods, if that is applicable.
The problem already begins with the input material. Garden waste may contain
very different fractions depending on the source region. Even in a homo-
geneous country as Denmark one would not expect the garden wastes from North
of Copenhagen to be of the same composition as the ones from the South of
the metropolitana. The same also applies for household waste in general.
Then the question of methodology - of course different methods, extra
additives given before, during or after the composting process may have
importance. But the results very much depend on the input material and on the
soils where the end-product is applied to. Different soils have different
absorption rates, different crops or garden plants different demands for
nutrition. Unless you standardise your procedures, like having double checking
tests with e.g. a plain sand beet to compare the compost's ability to improve
sprouting of e.g. Dutch broadleaf salat, you do not possibly have a scientific
approach to the method.
The area might be in great need of scientific methods, which might not be
accepted easily. Possible sources of information might be at the agricul-
tural departments of universities or at agricultural colleges. It might be
that some invetigations have been already done in the 1970s, when this
subject was "en vogue", so you may be in need of plowing through old material.
The net might not be of great help now, if you consider to look deeper into
the subject. It would be down to the paper and book shelves, I guess. I can
also see that you are already in the businees sector, so you should be able
to self make the right brochures for presenting the method easily to under-
stand.
Btw, depending on what type of waste you are treating biogasification might
be another viable solution. Going rather strong in Denmark.
Good Luck
Regards Bernd
Howdy to Clarence
Ciaou a Marino
og Hilsen til Robert
:Date sent: Wed, 22 Jan 1997 13:23:25 -0600
:Send reply to: <soils-l@unl.edu>
:From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
:To: Multiple recipients of list <soils-l@unl.edu>
:Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
: My bottom line is simple, I am trying to determine what has been
:PROVEN
:in order to arrive at an approach or "sysytem" that integrates the best
:of what we know...without hype or speculation......to approach a systems
:perspective that in logical steps takes any and all organic wastes,
:prepares them for composting, utilizes a proven approach towards
:blending and preparing for the composting, processes the waste in a cost
:effective, controlable, manageable, scaleable, predictable manner that
:is at once fairly simple to implement without doctorate degrees in
:microbiology, easy to replicate at multiple sites, and yet produces a
:product that is totally safe, thoroughly composted, and well balanced.
:
:I may be crazy, but this approach...to my mind...would cut across tur
:wars and other boundaries to deliver a process/product that would
:address agricultural/industrial/municipal/and environmental needs.
:
:Please feel free to copy or forward as you may desire...I'm just trying
:to assimilate what I have now spent several months studying! COMMENTS or
:THOUGHTS?
:--
:Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
:Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
:7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
:
):-) Bernd Kuemmel <bek@mmf.ruc.dk> (Energy & Environment 2morrow)
IMFUFA,RUC + PB 260 + DK-4000 Roskilde + le Danemark
Vox +45 46 75 77 81*2275. Fax +45 46 75 50 65.
Date: Thu, 23 Jan 1997 15:27:00 -0800
From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
Bernd, Thank you for your thoughtful response......
Actually, what I am looking for is amazingly simple...and I don't buy
that the problems are THAT complex....what I am looking for is
SUSTAINABILITY....but on a planetary level to assure that something is
left for future generations! I feel that this can only be achieved
through ending the countless debates, desisting with obfuscation,
stopping the turf wars and getting ALL involved working together to
achieve synergy...technologically, economically, scientifically,
socially....and it CAN be done and MUST be done....now!
Of course there are different soils, and different sources of organic
wastes......BUT, one way or another everything will decompose or ferment
and we could very easily design end to end systems approaches that are
at once simple to implement, simple to manage, environmentally safe, and
economically rewarding at all levels.
Instead, while everyone debates, the landfills grow, the methane spews
forth, and the earth continues to be polluted while the populations
swell and the waste problems explode.
Having studied windrow processing, anaerobic processing, in-vessel
processing, vermicultural processing, etc. even I can see that it would
be very easy to desing and implement an automated, mechanized,
controlled process using readily available materials handling and
processing technologies to separate waste, prepare the waste for
composting, apply all amendments, compost the waste, and monitor the
process end to end with a minimum of manual labor. Blending could be
easily computerized and all other processes could easily be automated.
There is no reason, with today's technology, why a basic, workable, easy
to understand system could not be developed that would turn out whatever
special characteristic is need to meet the individual regions needs.
My concern is also related to safety, that is environmental safety,
worker safety, and consumer safety. What is needed is a major dose of
the K.I.S.S. principle in approach, design, application, education, and
implementation.
NOW...here is my bias....I believe in an aerobic system that does not
produce stench, methane gas, or cook the micro-organisms while
destroying
compost texture. This is a simple process that, if automated, would not
require heavy manual labor, intense management, or "rocket scientists"
to implement.
WE make it sound complex, and overwhelming and WE beat those who are
interested about the head and face with our talk of systems, buzzwords,
and acronyms. The average compost/organic waste recycler only needs to
know how to unload the trucks into the proper bins or chutes and how to
push the star button....even THIS could be automated.
Specifically, regarding the soils, there is an unending market for a
well made, well balanced compost product, that is free of pathogens yet
still full of life. Likewise, there is an endless supply of organic
waste. Yes,
it is true that we do not understand every possible permutation and
combination at the molecular level, but we certainly do understand
enough to develop and implement systems TODAY based upon what we DO
know.
I would welcome the opportunity....with the millions of maufacturers in
business today and the billions that are spent on the waste problem..to
meet even one that has developed a safe, automated, end to end, aerobic
composting system! Were this done, the market would be virtually without
limit, we could stop building landfills, and our farms would be among
the great benefactors!
COMMENTS WELCOMED AS ALWAYS...FEEL FREE TO FORWARD AS YOU DESIRE
>
> Clarence, Marino and Robert!
>
> It would seem to me that what you are looking for are scientific approaches
> to the topic with a simple, understandable for business people, sommunication
> module.
>
> I think some problems can arise during the scientific investigation. The
> input material can be vastly different and therefore a standardisation is
> necessary to make sure that results refer to the same input material, if
> this is applicable, or to the same methods, if that is applicable.
> The problem already begins with the input material. Garden waste may contain
> very different fractions depending on the source region. Even in a homo-
> geneous country as Denmark one would not expect the garden wastes from North
> of Copenhagen to be of the same composition as the ones from the South of
> the metropolitana. The same also applies for household waste in general.
> Then the question of methodology - of course different methods, extra
> additives given before, during or after the composting process may have
> importance. But the results very much depend on the input material and on the
> soils where the end-product is applied to. Different soils have different
> absorption rates, different crops or garden plants different demands for
> nutrition. Unless you standardise your procedures, like having double checking
> tests with e.g. a plain sand beet to compare the compost's ability to improve
> sprouting of e.g. Dutch broadleaf salat, you do not possibly have a scientific
> approach to the method.
>
> The area might be in great need of scientific methods, which might not be
> accepted easily. Possible sources of information might be at the agricul-
> tural departments of universities or at agricultural colleges. It might be
> that some invetigations have been already done in the 1970s, when this
> subject was "en vogue", so you may be in need of plowing through old material.
>
> The net might not be of great help now, if you consider to look deeper into
> the subject. It would be down to the paper and book shelves, I guess. I can
> also see that you are already in the businees sector, so you should be able
> to self make the right brochures for presenting the method easily to under-
> stand.
> Btw, depending on what type of waste you are treating biogasification might
> be another viable solution. Going rather strong in Denmark.
>
> Good Luck
>
> Regards Bernd
>
> Howdy to Clarence
> Ciaou a Marino
> og Hilsen til Robert
>
> :Date sent: Wed, 22 Jan 1997 13:23:25 -0600
> :Send reply to: <soils-l@unl.edu>
> :From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
> :To: Multiple recipients of list <soils-l@unl.edu>
> :Subject: Re: request for assistance/info
>
> : My bottom line is simple, I am trying to determine what has been
> :PROVEN
> :in order to arrive at an approach or "sysytem" that integrates the best
> :of what we know...without hype or speculation......to approach a systems
> :perspective that in logical steps takes any and all organic wastes,
> :prepares them for composting, utilizes a proven approach towards
> :blending and preparing for the composting, processes the waste in a cost
> :effective, controlable, manageable, scaleable, predictable manner that
> :is at once fairly simple to implement without doctorate degrees in
> :microbiology, easy to replicate at multiple sites, and yet produces a
> :product that is totally safe, thoroughly composted, and well balanced.
> :
> :I may be crazy, but this approach...to my mind...would cut across tur
> :wars and other boundaries to deliver a process/product that would
> :address agricultural/industrial/municipal/and environmental needs.
> :
> :Please feel free to copy or forward as you may desire...I'm just trying
> :to assimilate what I have now spent several months studying! COMMENTS or
> :THOUGHTS?
> :--
> :Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
> :Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
> :7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
> :
> ):-) Bernd Kuemmel <bek@mmf.ruc.dk> (Energy & Environment 2morrow)
> IMFUFA,RUC + PB 260 + DK-4000 Roskilde + le Danemark
> Vox +45 46 75 77 81*2275. Fax +45 46 75 50 65.
--
Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 1997 16:10:25 +0100
From: Bujatti Wolfgang <Wolfgang.Bujatti@bmu.gv.at>
Subject: Announcement: Mailing list WASTE
Apologize for multiple postings.
C H A R T E R
unmoderated mailing list WASTE
Content:
1. Aim and discussion topics
2. General information
3. Subscription and Archieve on the WWW
4. List owner
1. Aim and discussion topics
Keywords: fractioning of wastes, dumping sites,
hazard potential for subsequent generations, recycling, conditioing
to inert them, combustion plants
The increasing quantity and the hazards of human wastes evolved to a
very serious environmental problem. They can impair the general well-
being of man, animals, vegetation, their basis of existence or their
natural environment.
Tthis topic needs an integrated approch by environmentalists,
biologists,
ecologists, chemists, technicians and lawyers.
This mailing list is proposed to provide a forum for scientific
discussion on the one hand by people who are distressed by the
negative effects which their wastes can take on our natural
environment (soil, water, air and the seas) and on the other hand by
people involved in collecting, fractioning, conditioning, recycling
or dumping wastes.
I've chosen the label waste instead of a more specific description
(such as recycling or dumping) since this is the usual description
for departements of administrations, non governmental organisations
and enterprises.
An unmoderated mailing list which would provide a world wide forum for a
serious discussion by people involved with collecting, fractioning,
dumping, conditioning and recycling wastes or people which treat
them, so that they can reused for a different purpose, as well as by
people, who are cronfronted with the dangers of wastes in everyday
life.
To assist governments, NGOs, environmentalists and scientists in the
acquisition of waste-related information as well as an informative
arena on the many different world wide techniques of conditioning,
recycling and reusing wastes.
Specific topics may include but are not limited to:
+ the many different types of wastes and their effection on the
ecosystems in the soil, the rivers, the atmosphere and the seas and
oceans
+ dumping (nowadays or in the past) of toxic wastes in landfill sites
+ sealing and watertighten of landfill sites and underground dumping
sites
+ different world-wide skills and techniques of conditioning,
recycling and reusing wastes
+ environmental impact of waste treating plants and landfill sites
+ pros and cons of waste combustion and the rank of its spent air
+ energy production as thermal recycling of wastes
+ specific problems of transport of hazardous wastes and waste oils
+ the effection of "waste-loss" on the seas and oceans
+ pacticable collection systems
+ wastewater use, compostable materials
+ reuse of tyres, waste-paper, packings, etc.
+ hazards of waste batteries, neon tubes, refrigerator-liquid,
synthetic products, etc.
2. General information
To subscribe to the list:
1. Send an e-mail to majordomo@cedar.univie.ac.at
2. Subject line does not matter
3. Type the following command on the first line of your mail:
subscribe waste your@email.address
Example: subscribe waste fingwe@cedar.univie.ac.at
To unsubscribe from the list:
1. Send an e-mail to majordomo@cedar.univie.ac.at
2. Subject line does not matter
3. Type the following command on the first line of your mail:
unsubscribe waste your@email.address
Example: unsubscribe waste fingwe@cedar.univie.ac.at
To post a message to the entire waste list:
send your mail to waste@cedar.univie.ac.at
#########################################################
#
# IMPORTANT: Do not send commands or messages concerning
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Date: Thu, 23 Jan 1997 17:46:27 -0800
From: "Clarence W. Walker Phone/Fax 1-770-392-1313" <cwwalker@bellsouth.net>
Subject: commercial/municipal composting
Bernd, Thank you for your thoughtful response......
Actually, what I am looking for is amazingly simple...and I don't buy
that the problems are THAT complex....what I am looking for is
SUSTAINABILITY....but on a planetary level to assure that something is
left for future generations! I feel that this can only be achieved
through ending the countless debates, desisting with obfuscation,
stopping the turf wars and getting ALL involved working together to
achieve synergy...technologically, economically, scientifically,
socially....and it CAN be done and MUST be done....now!
Of course there are different soils, and different sources of organic
wastes......BUT, one way or another everything will decompose or ferment
and we could very easily design end to end systems approaches that are
at once simple to implement, simple to manage, environmentally safe, and
economically rewarding at all levels.
Instead, while everyone debates, the landfills grow, the methane spews
forth, and the earth continues to be polluted while the populations
swell and the waste problems explode.
Having studied windrow processing, anaerobic processing, in-vessel
processing, vermicultural processing, etc. even I can see that it would
be very easy to desing and implement an automated, mechanized,
controlled process using readily available materials handling and
processing technologies to separate waste, prepare the waste for
composting, apply all amendments, compost the waste, and monitor the
process end to end with a minimum of manual labor. Blending could be
easily computerized and all other processes could easily be automated.
There is no reason, with today's technology, why a basic, workable, easy
to understand system could not be developed that would turn out whatever
special characteristic is need to meet the individual regions needs.
My concern is also related to safety, that is environmental safety,
worker safety, and consumer safety. What is needed is a major dose of
the K.I.S.S. principle in approach, design, application, education, and
implementation.
NOW...here is my bias....I believe in an aerobic system that does not
produce stench, methane gas, or cook the micro-organisms while
destroying
compost texture. This is a simple process that, if automated, would not
require heavy manual labor, intense management, or "rocket scientists"
to implement.
WE make it sound complex, and overwhelming and WE beat those who are
interested about the head and face with our talk of systems, buzzwords,
and acronyms. The average compost/organic waste recycler only needs to
know how to unload the trucks into the proper bins or chutes and how to
push the star button....even THIS could be automated.
Specifically, regarding the soils, there is an unending market for a
well made, well balanced compost product, that is free of pathogens yet
still full of life. Likewise, there is an endless supply of organic
waste. Yes,
it is true that we do not understand every possible permutation and
combination at the molecular level, but we certainly do understand
enough to develop and implement systems TODAY based upon what we DO
know.
I would welcome the opportunity....with the millions of maufacturers in
business today and the billions that are spent on the waste problem..to
meet even one that has developed a safe, automated, end to end, aerobic
composting system! Were this done, the market would be virtually without
limit, we could stop building landfills, and our farms would be among
the great benefactors!
COMMENTS WELCOMED AS ALWAYS...FEEL FREE TO FORWARD
--
Industrial - Commercial - Municipal - Agricultural - Community
Waste Processing - Consulting Marketing & Distribution Services
7500 Spalding Lane, Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Ph/Fax 770-392-1313
End of Digest
Prepared by Steve Modena, AB4EL
Suggestions and comments to: modena@SunSITE.unc.edu