SOILS-L: 199709XX

is the compilation of discussion during Sep 97

via AB4EL Web Digests @ SunSITE

AGRONOMY Homepage @ SunSITE



Date: Tue, 02 Sep 1997 00:01:41 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 27 Aug 1997 to 1 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 225 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Data transformation & Burr Foster Q Test ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 2 Sep 1997 21:43:04 +1000 From: Frank Stagnitti (frankst@DEAKIN.EDU.AU) Subject: Re: Data transformation & Burr Foster Q Test (bold)(fontfamily)(param)New_York(/param)(bigger)(bigger)(bigger)Studies In Environmental Pollution Of Soils(/bigger)(/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfa= mily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)New_York(/param)PhD, MSc & Honours Projects(/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(/bigger)(/bold)(bigger)(bigger)(bigger)(font= family)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)A number of postgraduate & honours scholarships are available in 1998 for the following projects: (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Modelling Preferential Transport Of Nutrients In Agricultural Soils. (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)Environmental =46ate Of Fertilisers Used In Australian Viticulture: Comparative Behaviour Of Fertilisers In The Soils Of The South Australian Riverland. (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)The Mobility & Population Dynamics Of Soil Microorganisms: Implications For Land Disposal Of Sewerage. (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)Effects Of Hysteresis & Water Repellency On The Dispersion & Transport Of Contaminants In Soils. (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)Influence Of Soil Macropores On Biodegradability Of Commonly Used Pesticides.=20 (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)Decision Support For Assessing Risk Of Environmental Pollution Of Soils By Surface-Applied Chemicals. (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(smaller) (/smaller)(/fontfamily)(smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param) (/fontfamily)(/smaller)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)(bigger)(bigger)=85 (/bigger)(/bigger)(/fontfamily)(bigger)(bigger)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/par= am)Tidal Effects On Contaminant Plumes In Unconfined Coastal Aquifers. (bold)Experience (/bold)Candidates for honours should have a strong undergraduate record in agricultural, chemical, physical or mathematical sciences. Candidates for MSc should preferably have a first-class honours or equivalent experience. Candidates for PhD should preferably have a first-class honours, an MSc (by Research) and/or equivalent experience. Experience in one or more of the following would be an advantage. (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Soil Chemistry (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Soil Physics (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Soil Microbiology (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Groundwater Hydrology (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Symbol(/param)=85 (/fontfamily)(fontfamily)(param)Times(/param)Engineering or Applied Mathematics (bold)Funding (/bold)Several projects are currently funded by Australian Research Council Large Grants Scheme and the Department of Industry, Science & Tourism, International Science & Technology Program. It is anticipated that funding for other projects will also become available by the end of the year. (bold)Stipend(/bold)=20 Deakin University provides a limited number of scholarships for Australian residents (DUPRA) and for non-residents & overseas students (OSPRA). All scholarships are free of tax and exempt from HECS charges. The basic stipend for MSc and PhD candidates is about $15,000 AUD per annum (including various allowances). Candidates that are successful in securing either a University scholarship (DUPRA) or a federal government scholarship (APRA) will be offered an additional tax-free stipend of up to $10,000 (depending on experience and qualifications). Outstanding candidates maybe offered more. Candidates that are not Australian citizens or residents can only be considered for a position if they secure a Deakin University Overseas Post-graduate Award (OSPRA) or obtain funding from other sources. Honours scholarships provide a stipend for one year of $2,500 and a relocation allowance of $500.=20 (bold) Closing Dates (/bold)Round 1: 30 September 1997 Round 2: 28 November 1997 (bold) Contact: (/bold)Dr Frank Stagnitti Deakin University=20 PO Box 423,=20 Warrnambool, 3280. Australia. ph. +61 (0)3 5563 3535 fax. +61 (0)3 5563 3462 email. frankst@deakin.edu.au http://www.cm.deakin.edu.au/~frankst/=20 (/fontfamily)(/bigger)(/bigger) ^ \|||/ ^ | (o o) | +=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3DoOO=3D= =3D(_)=3D=3DOOo=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D+ |_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____| |__|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|__|__|__| |_____| |_____| |__|__| Dr Frank Stagnitti |__|__| |_____| School of Aquatic Science & |_____| |_____| Natural Resources Management, |__|__| |__|__| Centre For Applied Dynamical Systems & |__|__| |__|__| Environmental Modelling |__|__| |__|__| Deakin University, P.O. Box 423, Warrnambool, |_____| |_____| Victoria, AUSTRALIA |__|__| |_____| |_____| |__|__| Email: frankst@deakin.edu.au |__|__| |__|__| Voice: +61 (0)3 5563 3535 |__|__| |_____| Fax: +61 (0)3 5563 3462 |_____| |_____| WWW: http://www.cm.deakin.edu.au/~frankst |_____| |__|__|_______________________________________________|__|__| |_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____| +=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D+ "Imagination is more important than knowledge" (Albert Einstein) "Money can't buy happiness, but it can buy a better sort of=20 misery" (Woody Allen) ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 27 Aug 1997 to 1 Sep 1997 *************************************************
Date: Wed, 03 Sep 1997 00:03:35 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 1 Sep 1997 to 2 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 234 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. PhD, MSc & Honours Projects In Environmental Pollution Of Soils ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 3 Sep 1997 11:53:12 +1000 From: Frank Stagnitti (frankst@DEAKIN.EDU.AU) Subject: PhD, MSc & Honours Projects In Environmental Pollution Of Soils Deakin University Studies In Environmental Pollution Of Soils PhD, MSc & Honours Projects A number of postgraduate & honours scholarships are available in 1998 for the following projects: * Modelling Preferential Transport Of Nutrients In Agricultural Soils. * Environmental Fate Of Fertilisers Used In Australian Viticulture: Comparative Behaviour Of Fertilisers In The Soils Of The South Australian Riverland. * The Mobility & Population Dynamics Of Soil Microorganisms: Implications For Land Disposal Of Sewerage. * Effects Of Hysteresis & Water Repellency On The Dispersion & Transport Of Contaminants In Soils. * Influence Of Soil Macropores On Biodegradability Of Commonly Used Pesticides. * Decision Support For Assessing Risk Of Environmental Pollution Of Soils By Surface-Applied Chemicals. * Tidal Effects On Contaminant Plumes In Unconfined Coastal Aquifers. Experience Candidates for honours should have a strong undergraduate record in agricultural, chemical, physical or mathematical sciences. Candidates for MSc should preferably have a first-class honours or equivalent experience. Candidates for PhD should preferably have a first-class honours, an MSc (by Research) and/or equivalent experience. Experience in one or more of the following would be an advantage. * Soil Chemistry * Soil Physics * Soil Microbiology * Groundwater Hydrology * Engineering or Applied Mathematics Funding Several projects are currently funded by Australian Research Council Large Grants Scheme and the Department of Industry, Science & Tourism, International Science & Technology Program. It is anticipated that funding for other projects will also become available by the end of the year. Stipend Deakin University provides a limited number of scholarships for Australian residents (DUPRA) and for non-residents & overseas students (OSPRA). All scholarships are free of tax and exempt from HECS charges. The basic stipend for MSc and PhD candidates is about $15,000 AUD per annum (including various allowances). Candidates that are successful in securing either a University scholarship (DUPRA) or a federal government scholarship (APRA) will be offered an additional tax-free stipend of up to $10,000 (depending on experience and qualifications). Outstanding candidates maybe offered more. Candidates that are not Australian citizens or residents can only be considered for a position if they secure a Deakin University Overseas Post-graduate Award (OSPRA) or obtain funding from other sources. Honours scholarships provide a stipend for one year of $2,500 and a relocation allowance of $500. Closing Dates Round 1: 30 September 1997 Round 2: 28 November 1997 Contact: Dr Frank Stagnitti Deakin University PO Box 423, Warrnambool, 3280. Australia. ph. +61 (0)3 5563 3535 fax. +61 (0)3 5563 3462 email. frankst@deakin.edu.au http://www.cm.deakin.edu.au/~frankst/ Brief Project Descriptions Modelling Preferential Transport Of Nutrients In Agricultural Soils. The movement of chemicals through the soil to the groundwater or discharged to surface waters, represents a degradation of these resources. In many cases, serious human and stock health implications are associated with this degradation. The chemicals of interest include nutrients, pesticides, salts and waste materials. Australian examples include the increase in muscular-skeletal birth defects in children of the Mt Gambier area due to elevated nitrate concentrations in drinking water; phosphate contamination of surface waters leading to algal blooms; and life threatening concentrations of pesticides occasionally occurring in groundwaters near Perth. In the case of nutrients, leaching losses also represent a decline in soil fertility with economic consequences, and in the case of nitrate leaching, reduction of productivity due to soil acidification. Recent experiments have shown that currently used models do not adequately describe the leaching of solutes through soil, often underestimating the risk of groundwater contamination by applied chemicals, and overestimating the leaching of resident solutes. This inaccuracy results from problems associated with concepts of non-equilibrium between soil constituents, water and the solutes. This includes preferential flow bypassing the bulk of the soil matrix and non-random spatial and temporal variability of physical, chemical and biological constituents and processes. Superimposed onto, and interacting with this soil related heterogeneity are uncertainties associated with climate and the effects of plants, animals and management strategies. To be useful, any model needs to be parsimonious in regard to input requirements. There is an urgent need to develop or refine models of solute transport, incorporating the key mechanisms controlling transport. A new and innovative experimental program funded under a large ARC grant is proposed to study heterogeneous solute transport in agricultural soils. The data will be mathematically modelled for the purposes of understanding the key physical mechanisms controlling transport and developing predictive tools for practical applications. This research will have important implications for the sustainable environmental management of soils and for improving chemical application and irrigation schedules. Environmental Fate Of Fertilisers Used In Australian Viticulture: Comparative Behaviour Of Fertilisers In The Soils Of The South Australian Riverland. Australia's viticultural industry is spread across all States and Territories. Within the growing regions, conditions change markedly i.e. in the Barossa there are at least 27 different soil types and a half dozen ground covers used for viticulture. Predicting nutrient transport in vineyards is complicated by vineyard soil management practice. This study proposes to study bioavailability and transport of nutrients through vineyard soils of the Overland Corner region of South Australia. The Mobility & Population Dynamics Of Soil Microorganisms: Implications For Land Disposal Of Sewerage Australia produces one of the highest volume of agricultural, industrial and municipal wastes per capita in the world. Increasingly the public are demanding statutory authorities investigate environmentally sound methods of land application. However, a real danger associated with land disposal of wastes, in particular sewerage, is the possible contamination of groundwater and threats to public health resulting from transport of pathogenic microorganisms. The study of the transport and fate of microorganisms in soils is also of vital importance in the fields of oil recovery, biological control of plant root diseases, in-situ bioremediation of contaminated soils and aquifers from industrial accidents, and the simultaneous transport of microorganisms and biologically reactive solutes used by bacteria as substrates for growth. In spite of its obvious importance there has been comparatively little research conducted in this field in Australia. Effects Of Hysteresis & Water Repellency On The Dispersion & Transport Of Contaminants In Soils. The central aim of the work is to further refine and develop concepts of key mechanisms controlling the transport of solutes through water repellent soils. Solutes will be chosen to represent the various classes of solute; conservative and labile, reactive and unreactive, applied and resident. The soils of interest would be classified as to the degree of water repellency. An innovative experimental program, the first of its kind in Australia, is based on the use of a multiwick lysimetery system (MLS). This system will be further developed and modified. Active transport zones in the in-tact soil cores will be described through the use of fluorescent impregnating materials and computer enhanced videography. Relating this analysis to more easily measured soil and water variables will be attempted. Such measured variables may include short-term mobile-immobile water determinations, structure/texture indices, or moisture/pressure/ conductivity characteristics. Influence Of Soil Macropores On Biodegradability Of Commonly Used Pesticides. Pesticides and other organic chemicals appear and degrade in groundwater at much faster rates than traditional management models predict. As a result, models that rely on the assumption of uniform biodegradation or little degradation below the root zone may not accurately predict the fate of organic chemicals in heterogeneous soils. Likewise, biodegradation rates that are determined in aqueous solutions in the context of laboratory screening experiments, as is common practice, have little relevance to natural and agricultural ecosystems. The interaction of soil structure and non-uniform biodegradation rates of commonly applied organic chemicals needs to be addressed. Decision Support For Assessing Risk Of Environmental Pollution Of Soils By Surface-Applied Chemicals. The recent experience of the citizens of Dartmoor in South-West Victoria of the potential contamination of their drinking water supplies and groundwater by leakage from an underground arsenic based timber preservative has highlighted one of the dangers faced by rural communities - that of relying on vulnerable groundwater supplies for drinking, sanitation and domestic stock purposes. Simple-to-use, physically based decision support systems for evaluating risk of groundwater contamination by surface applied chemicals are urgently required to ensure safe management of agricultural lands. Tidal Effects On Contaminant Plumes In Unconfined Coastal Aquifers Most of Australia's population is confined in coastal zones. In heavily populated coastal cities, elevated levels of nutrients, sediments, heavy metals, & other pollutants are discharged into the ocean. Many pollutants leach through the soil into the groundwater and eventually discharge into the ocean. This research investigates the physical processes controlling the spread of contaminant plumes in coastal aquifers influenced by ocean tides. In spite of its obvious importance to coastal management, comparatively little research has been conducted in Australia ^ \|||/ ^ | (o o) | +=======================oOO==(_)==OOo=======================+ |_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____| |__|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|__|__|__| |_____| |_____| |__|__| Dr Frank Stagnitti |__|__| |_____| School of Aquatic Science & |_____| |_____| Natural Resources Management, |__|__| |__|__| Centre For Applied Dynamical Systems & |__|__| |__|__| Environmental Modelling |__|__| |__|__| Deakin University, P.O. Box 423, Warrnambool, |_____| |_____| Victoria, AUSTRALIA |__|__| |_____| |_____| |__|__| Email: frankst@deakin.edu.au |__|__| |__|__| Voice: +61 (0)3 5563 3535 |__|__| |_____| Fax: +61 (0)3 5563 3462 |_____| |_____| WWW: http://www.cm.deakin.edu.au/~frankst |_____| |__|__|_______________________________________________|__|__| |_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____|_____| +===========================================================+ "Imagination is more important than knowledge" (Albert Einstein) "I can't give you a brain but I can give you a diploma" (The Wizard of Oz to the Scarecrow) "Money can't buy happiness, but it can buy a better sort of misery" (Woody Allen) ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 1 Sep 1997 to 2 Sep 1997 ************************************************
Date: Fri, 05 Sep 1997 00:03:36 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 2 Sep 1997 to 4 Sep 1997 There are 2 messages totalling 32 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. unsubscribe 2. Waste & Remediation Software? ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 4 Sep 1997 09:04:21 -0600 From: Zhipeng Zhao (ZHAOZP@UWYO.EDU) Subject: unsubscribe Sorry to post it here, I just couldn't find a way to sign off. Would someone please help me to sign off or let me know how to do it. Thanks. Z. Zhao ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 08:39:57 +1000 From: Budiman (budiman@FISHER.BIZ.USYD.EDU.AU) Subject: Re: Waste & Remediation Software? Please send me a copy of the software. Thank you very much. ********************************************************* * budiman@fisher.biz.usyd.edu.au * * Budiman Minasny * * Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science * * University of Sydney * * Phone/Fax: 61 2 9351 3706 * * NSW 2006, Australia * ********************************************************* ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 2 Sep 1997 to 4 Sep 1997 ************************************************
Date: Sat, 06 Sep 1997 00:03:22 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 4 Sep 1997 to 5 Sep 1997 There are 5 messages totalling 294 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Sodium mitigation of brine contaminants (4) 2. Chittick apparati ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 16:17:26 -0400 From: "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@MINDSPRING.COM) Subject: Sodium mitigation of brine contaminants I am working on a project where brine from oil well drilling and subsequent production has contamianted about 20 acres of surface soils. I am looking for information on chemicals, presummabably calcium compounds, to apply to mitigate the sodium for revegetation. I found two references that may contain the information I need: Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation Characteristics in Sodic Minesoils in Montana. 1980. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 736, 109 pp. ($13.75) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation Characteristics in 7 year old sodic minesoils. 1985. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Rpt. No. 17, 109 pp. ($13.25) I would like to review more current references and to learn of first hand experiences (positive or negative) others have had with similar projects. Regards, Dick Woodward "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@mindspring.com) ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 16:09:03 -0500 From: Ted Zobeck (tzobeck@MAIL.CSRL.ARS.USDA.GOV) Subject: Chittick apparati from Garry Running (runningl@uwec.edu)... Dear Colleagues, My name is Garry Running and I have a question for you. The good news is I have received some funds to purchase equipment to upgrade our soils laboratory here at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire (emphasis is on improving an undergraduate teaching facility versus creating a research facility). The bad news is I am having trouble locating one piece of equipment. In the past I have used Chittick apparati to determine pedogenic and detrital carbonate content in soil samples. The method uses HCL to break down carbonate and then measures the volume of CO2 released. Conversions are used to determine carbonate content. The method, though relatively simple is accurate enough for our needs, is relatively fast, easy to teach, and has good "repeatability". However, I have conducted a rather extensive inquiry with vendors and purveyors of scientific equipment and have been unsuccessful in locating such an apparati available for purchase. Indeed, I have not found any company that either manufactures or sells Chittick apparati. Short of building one myself using specifications published in Singer and Janitzky (1986) I am at somewhat of a loss. So, does anyone know where a Chittick apparati can be purchased? Or alternately, the difficulty of finding one of these leads me to believe that some newer method for determining carbonate content in soil samples has superseded the Chittick method. If I am correct in this assumption does anyone have information on newer methods and equipment suitable for this kind of analyses? I would entertain any information on alternate methods or information leading to the location of the elusive Chittick apparati. I would be grateful for any assistance you could offer and will be happy to post the results of this inquiry for all to see. I can be reached at: runningl@uwec.edu Thank you all in advance for your help. Dr. Garry Leonard Running IV Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Eau Claire, WI 54702-4004 715-836-2731 office 715-836-6027 fax ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 16:45:17 -0600 From: "J. Jeffrey Wilson, Ph.D." (jwilso@ACS.UCALGARY.CA) Subject: Re: Sodium mitigation of brine contaminants Hi Dick, I took a course on Remediation of Salt Affected Soils last year and have a few references for you (if you can find them)... L.G. Wetter et al. 1987. Amelioration of a Solonetzic Soil by Subsoiling and Liming. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 67:919-930 (Nov. 1987). Tanji. K.K. (editor). 1990. Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management. American Society of Civil Engineers. ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 71. 619p. Szabolcs, I. 1989. Salt-Affected Soils. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, FL. 274 pp. Gypsum and Calcium nitrate are used most often in Alberta's oil patch because of the clay soils and the need to echange the Na+ off the clay with Ca++. The trick is to reduce the exhangeable sodium percentage (ESP to (5% without causing the clay to swell. Then you have to get rid of the saline leachate so that it doesn't migrate to another recharge area and cause a problem there... FUN. Good Luck, Jeff Wilson On Fri, 5 Sep 1997, Richard E. Woodward wrote: ) ) I am working on a project where brine from oil well drilling and subsequent ) production has contamianted about 20 acres of surface soils. I am looking ) for information on chemicals, presummabably calcium compounds, to apply to ) mitigate the sodium for revegetation. I found two references that may ) contain the information I need: ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) Characteristics in Sodic Minesoils in Montana. 1980. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 736, 109 pp. ) ($13.75) ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) Characteristics in 7 year old sodic minesoils. 1985. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Rpt. No. ) 17, 109 pp. ($13.25) ) ) I would like to review more current references and to learn of first hand ) experiences (positive or negative) others have had with similar projects. ) ) Regards, Dick Woodward ) "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@mindspring.com) ) __________________________________________________________ J. Jeffrey Wilson, Ph.D., P.Biol. "Microbial Answers Inc." Environmental Microbiology and Bioremediation Consulting 712 - 120th Avenue S.E. Calgary, Alberta, CANADA T2J 2K4 Tel/Fax: (403) 278-1901 email: jwilso@acs.ucalgary.ca __________________________________________________________ ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 16:42:24 -0600 From: "Richard A. King" (raking@FREENET.CALGARY.AB.CA) Subject: Re: Sodium mitigation of brine contaminants Hi, There is a sewer and water problems [L-SEWER list] out of the U of Texas. Members have information which may help. The group has brought up similar concerns with gray water and out flow beds. You may inquire through sci.engineering.civil or websearch for the sewer and water list. Regards, Richard A. King "We owe a cock to Asclepios pay it in full" [PLATO] On Fri, 5 Sep 1997, Richard E. Woodward wrote: ) ) I am working on a project where brine from oil well drilling and subsequent ) production has contamianted about 20 acres of surface soils. I am looking ) for information on chemicals, presummabably calcium compounds, to apply to ) mitigate the sodium for revegetation. I found two references that may ) contain the information I need: ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) Characteristics in Sodic Minesoils in Montana. 1980. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 736, 109 pp. ) ($13.75) ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) Characteristics in 7 year old sodic minesoils. 1985. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Rpt. No. ) 17, 109 pp. ($13.25) ) ) I would like to review more current references and to learn of first hand ) experiences (positive or negative) others have had with similar projects. ) ) Regards, Dick Woodward ) "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@mindspring.com) ) ------------------------------
Date: Sat, 6 Sep 1997 13:30:22 +1000 From: Paul Nelson (pauln@TPGI.COM.AU) Subject: Re: Sodium mitigation of brine contaminants Dick, Here are some more references that may be useful: Abrol I P, Yadav J S P, Massoud F I. Salt-affected soils and their management. Soils Bulletin 39 FAO Rome 131p. 1988. Bresler E, McNeal B L, Carter D L. "Saline and Sodic Soils: Principles, Dynamics, Modeling". Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 1982. Shainberg and J Shalhevet (eds) Soil Structure in Saline and Sodic Soils. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 1984 Gupta R K, Abrol I P. Salt-affected soils: their reclamation and management for crop production. Advances in Soil Science. 1990;11:223-288. Keren R. Reclamation of sodic-affected soils. in M Agassi (ed.) Soil Erosion, Conservation and Rehabilitation. Marcel Dekker. 1996:353-374 . Oster J D. Sodic soil reclamation. In H Lieth and A Al Masoom (eds) Towards the Rational Use of High Salinity Tolerant Plants. Vol. 1. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1993:485-490 . Oster J D, Shainberg I, Abrol I P. Reclamation of salt-affected soil. in M Agassi (ed.) Soil Erosion, Conservation and Rehabilitation. Marcel Dekker. 1996:315-352 . Shainberg I, Letey J. Response of soils to sodic and saline conditions. Hilgardia. 1984;52:1-57. Regards, Paul Paul Nelson Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations P.O. Box 117, Ayr, Qld. 4807, Australia Tel. 61-77-825455, Fax. 61-77-825487 Email. pauln@tpgi.com.au ) ) On Fri, 5 Sep 1997, Richard E. Woodward wrote: ) ) ) ) ) I am working on a project where brine from oil well drilling and subsequent ) ) production has contamianted about 20 acres of surface soils. I am looking ) ) for information on chemicals, presummabably calcium compounds, to apply to ) ) mitigate the sodium for revegetation. I found two references that may ) ) contain the information I need: ) ) ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) ) Characteristics in Sodic Minesoils in Montana. 1980. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 736, 109 pp. ) ) ($13.75) ) ) ) ) Chemical Amendment and Irrigation Effects on Sodium Migration and Vegetation ) ) Characteristics in 7 year old sodic minesoils. 1985. Dollhopf, D.J., R.C. ) ) Postle, R.B. Rennick and S.A. Young. Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Rpt. No. ) ) 17, 109 pp. ($13.25) ) ) ) ) I would like to review more current references and to learn of first hand ) ) experiences (positive or negative) others have had with similar projects. ) ) ) ) Regards, Dick Woodward ) ) "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@mindspring.com) ) ) ) ) __________________________________________________________ ) J. Jeffrey Wilson, Ph.D., P.Biol. "Microbial Answers Inc." ) Environmental Microbiology and Bioremediation Consulting ) 712 - 120th Avenue S.E. Calgary, Alberta, CANADA T2J 2K4 ) Tel/Fax: (403) 278-1901 email: jwilso@acs.ucalgary.ca ) __________________________________________________________ ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 4 Sep 1997 to 5 Sep 1997 ************************************************
Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 00:01:58 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 5 Sep 1997 to 9 Sep 1997 There are 3 messages totalling 145 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. TCLP standards for the disposal of organic wastes to landfill. 2. Role of Oxygen in nutriewnt uptake (2) ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 18:00:33 +1000 From: Anna Cochrane (Anna.Cochrane@EPA.VIC.GOV.AU) Subject: TCLP standards for the disposal of organic wastes to landfill. Dear Hazardous Waste Managers and fellow soil scientists, I am working for the Environment Protection Authority, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. I looked your contact details up on the internet, and hope that one of you will be able to help me, or refer this message on to someone who can. EPA Victoria has recently outlawed the practice of "fixing" liquid organic and oily wastes with sawdust to make them "spadeable", prior to them being disposed of to landfill. EPA Victoria is also working to review the regulations concerning, and to develop alternative disposal strategies for, the wastes which are currently being "fixed" by other methods (eg. flyash, cement) prior to landfill disposal. As part of this work, I am preparing a review report of interstate and international Toxicity Characteristic Leach Procedure (TCLP - USEPA Method 1311) standards for the disposal of organics to landfill, and the literature relevant to these. I have already obtained information from the USEPA and several other Australian jurisdictions. However, to complete my study, I need to gather more information as to how other jurisdictions categorise and dispose of these wastes. I have looked at some of the information avaliable on the internet, but would like some assistance to quickly identify the relevant guidelines, and information relating to the scope and rationale behind these guidelines. My questions are: Does your jurisdiction use the TCLP method for classifying hazardous / special wastes? If not, then what method is used? What standards for maximum leachate concentrations are used? Have you developed your own, adopted a set of National standards, or do you use others, such as the USEPA standards? What are the relevant references for any supporting legislation or other relevant documents for these methods and standards? Are any of these available via the internet, or could you e-mail this document / sections to me? Have any other TCLP / leachate standards been developed / proposed / implemented either by your agency, or any other that you may be aware? What is the scope of your current TCLP / leachate standards? What is the rationale for the development of these standards? Any other references or URLs that you could provide me with would be much appreciated. I have a short timeline for the completion of this project, and would therefore appreciate a response as soon as possible, either by e-mail or phone. Yours sincerely, Anna Cochrane. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ Anna Cochrane Industry Services Unit Environment Protection Authority 477 Collins St, Melbourne Victoria, 3001 Australia Tel (Work): +61 3 9628 5293 Fax(Work): +61 3 9628 5733 e-mail: anna.cochrane@epa.vic.gov.au ------------------------------
Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 08:50:45 -0500 From: Ralph Anderson (cnty4093@UNLVM.UNL.EDU) Subject: Role of Oxygen in nutriewnt uptake I will be visiting with a farmer this week who has a spot in his field that is virually non productive this year. Plants are yellow and dying, small or no ears, lot of corn borer damage. There apparently is a high water table and at one time, there was standing water but the farmer feels that he has it graded enough to drain off fairly rapidly. How important is oxygen in nutrient uptake. If this problem is caused by "wet feet (roots)", what should I be looking for now? Is there something that either soil tests or tissue test can tell us? Is there anything that we need to be wary about when looking at soil or plant tests in these conditions? Are soybeans more tolerant of these conditions than corn? If there is a buried clay layer (restricting layer), how close to the surface can it be before it starts to cause problems from saturated soil? Is there any reason why corn borer would favor this environment or would the damaged cause by corn borer be more critical in this environment? We will appreciate any advise I can get on how to approach this problem and what queations to ask. Thanks! Ralph Anderson Extension Educator Ph (308) 236-1235 Fax (308) 236 6319 1400 E 34 E-Mail cnty4093@unlvm.unl.edu Kearney NE 68847 Home Page http://ianrwww.unl.edu/ianr/screc/fortepu/Buffalo/Buffalo.htm ------------------------------
Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 16:02:24 +0000 From: Cullan Riley (cullan.riley@LUTON.AC.UK) Subject: Re: Role of Oxygen in nutriewnt uptake Ralph Anderson wrote: I will be visiting with a farmer this week who has a spot in his field that is virually non productive this year. Plants are yellow and dying, small or no ears, lot of corn borer damage. There apparently is a high water table and at one time, there was standing water but the farmer feels that he has it graded enough to drain off fairly rapidly. How important is oxygen in nutrient uptake. If this problem is caused by "wet feet (roots)", what should I be looking for now? Is there something that either soil tests or tissue test can tell us? Is there anything that we need to be wary about when looking at soil or plant tests in these conditions? Are soybeans more tolerant of these conditions than corn? If there is a buried clay layer (restricting layer), how close to the surface can it be before it starts to cause problems from saturated soil? Is there any reason why corn borer would favor this environment or would the damaged cause by corn borer be more critical in this environment? We will appreciate any advise I can get on how to approach this problem and what queations to ask. Thanks! Ralph Anderson Standing water in agricultural fields can result in phytotoxin production especially if crop residues remain tilled in close to the surface of the soil. Perhaps this is a solution to your problem rather than the role of oxygen in nutrient uptake ? Cullan Riley Graduate School Science and Computing University of Luton ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 5 Sep 1997 to 9 Sep 1997 ************************************************
Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 00:03:57 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 9 Sep 1997 to 10 Sep 1997 There are 4 messages totalling 241 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. calcic horizon development (4) ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 13:31:06 -0700 From: Gail Olson (olsogl@INEL.GOV) Subject: calcic horizon development Dear Group, Help! The remains of a skeleton have been found on our DOE site and we are in the process of trying to determine how old it is WITHOUT doing any destructive testing. The skeleton is below a calcic horizon. Remains from a different skeleton were determined to be about 1200 years old (carbon dating, I believe). It's kind of surprising to me that such a large amount (about 60-100 cm) of sediments could be deposited and develop a calcic horizon in this setting over such a short timeframe. (Rainfall is about 8" per year, most of it in snowfall; summers on the Idaho desert are relatively short, and winters are cold...quantification available on request. The site is in a depression, so it may receive more than just 8".) Anybody have any ideas or references relative to the amount of time it takes to develop a calcic horizon? We have plenty of soils in our area that do not have calcic horizons, but are believed to be much older than 1200 years. Any help would be appreciated! Gail ------------------------------------- Gail Olson Applied Engineering and Development Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Co. P.O. Box 1625 Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107 (208)526-4069 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 14:30:06 -0600 From: Tom Hilinski (hilinski@LAMAR.COLOSTATE.EDU) Subject: Re: calcic horizon development ---------- ) From: Gail Olson (olsogl@INEL.GOV) ) To: SOILS-L@crcvms.unl.edu ) Subject: calcic horizon development ) Date: Wednesday, 10 September 1997 2:31 PM ) ) Dear Group, ) Help! ) The remains of a skeleton have been found on our DOE site and we ) are in the process of trying to determine how old it is WITHOUT ) doing any destructive testing. The skeleton is below a calcic ) horizon. Remains from a different skeleton were determined to ) be about 1200 years old (carbon dating, I believe). It's kind ) of surprising to me that such a large amount (about 60-100 cm) ) of sediments could be deposited and develop a calcic horizon in ) this setting over such a short timeframe. (Rainfall is about 8" ) per year, most of it in snowfall; summers on the Idaho desert ) are relatively short, and winters are cold...quantification ) available on request. The site is in a depression, so it may ) receive more than just 8".) Anybody have any ideas or ) references relative to the amount of time it takes to develop a ) calcic horizon? We have plenty of soils in our area that do not ) have calcic horizons, but are believed to be much older than ) 1200 years. Any help would be appreciated! ) Gail ) ------------------------------------- ) Gail Olson ) Applied Engineering and Development ) Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Co. ) P.O. Box 1625 ) Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107 ) (208)526-4069 ) ------------------------------------- McFadden and Machette (Univ. New Mexico) have done much on pedogenic carbonate development rates in the southwest US. A starting point for info could be the Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper 203 (1985). Also, much has been published since then. Also, there are comonly-used techniques to carbon-date pedogenic carbonate, such as by removing carbonate accumulated under clasts. This will give you a "real" estimate of the age of the skeleton. Rates of accumulation can vary widely, and tend to be sensitive to topography, microclimate, and vegetation. Using rates of horizon development and carbonate accumulation derived from other areas can be problematic. Tom Hilinski --------------------------------------------------------------------------- mail: Dept. Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 e-mail: hilinski@lamar.colostate.edu WWW: http://lamar.colostate.edu/~hilinski/ voice: 970-491-7957 fax: 970-491-0564 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 13:38:05 -0600 From: Bruce Harrison (bruce@NMT.EDU) Subject: Re: calcic horizon development At 01:31 PM 9/10/97 -0700, you wrote: )Dear Group, )Help! )The remains of a skeleton have been found on our DOE site and we )are in the process of trying to determine how old it is WITHOUT )doing any destructive testing. The skeleton is below a calcic )horizon. Remains from a different skeleton were determined to )be about 1200 years old (carbon dating, I believe). It's kind )of surprising to me that such a large amount (about 60-100 cm) )of sediments could be deposited and develop a calcic horizon in )this setting over such a short timeframe. (Rainfall is about 8" )per year, most of it in snowfall; summers on the Idaho desert )are relatively short, and winters are cold...quantification )available on request. The site is in a depression, so it may )receive more than just 8".) Anybody have any ideas or )references relative to the amount of time it takes to develop a )calcic horizon? We have plenty of soils in our area that do not )have calcic horizons, but are believed to be much older than )1200 years. Any help would be appreciated! )Gail )------------------------------------- )Gail Olson )Applied Engineering and Development )Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Co. )P.O. Box 1625 )Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107 )(208)526-4069 )------------------------------------- ) ) Gail Some question/comments about your request. 1) How well developed is the calcic horizon that has developed over the skeleton.? 2) How do you know thatthe buried skeleton is the same age as the skeleton that was dated? 3) Is it possible that the skeleton was buried and the excavated material used to bury the body? 4) Rates of calcic horizon development from other parts of the US are probably going to be of little use to you. The rate of calcic horizon development depends on the dust flux, the rainfall and the amount of carbonate in the dust. All these vary significantly throughout the US. Bruce Harrison J.B.J. Harrison Earth & Environmental Sciences Department New Mexico Tech Socorro, NM, 87801 505-835-5864 ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 16:40:47 -0700 From: Gail Olson (olsogl@INEL.GOV) Subject: Re: calcic horizon development Answers to the questions follow re: calcic horizon over skeleton: 1) How well developed is the calcic horizon that has developed over the skeleton.? --) For now I'll say medium to weak. I stopped at the site briefly last week and am heading out to profile Monday. One of the things that was prominent (and which may pose problems for us if we try to obtain a carbon date) was the amount of bioturbation within the calcic horizon resulting probably from cicadas and other ground dwelling organisms. 2) How do you know thatthe buried skeleton is the same age as the skeleton that was dated? --)We don't. 3) Is it possible that the skeleton was buried and the excavated material used to bury the body? --) Certainly. It begs the question: why? Why would primative people working with stone tools and the like go to the trouble of digging a big, deep hole to bury a body? Furthermore, because there are no known artifacts associated with the skeleton, it is believed that the person (a woman) died in place. In addition, I don't think that deep burials were customary of the native tribes. 4) Rates of calcic horizon development from other parts of the US are probably going to be of little use to you. The rate of calcic horizon development depends on the dust flux, the rainfall and the amount of carbonate in the dust. All these vary significantly throughout the US. --) Significantly, I'm sure, but are there any situations in the arid west where a calcic horizon would develop in 1200 years? I have a hard time believing that soil formation would occur so rapidly here, where stuff just doesn't happen that fast. Thanks for your interest and insightful questions... Gail Bruce Harrison J.B.J. Harrison Earth & Environmental Sciences Department New Mexico Tech Socorro, NM, 87801 505-835-5864 -----------------End of Original Message----------------- ------------------------------------- Gail Olson Applied Engineering and Development Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Co. P.O. Box 1625 Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107 (208)526-4069 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 9 Sep 1997 to 10 Sep 1997 *************************************************
Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 00:04:02 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 10 Sep 1997 to 11 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 16 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. calcic horizon development ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 19:33:41 -0400 From: Douglas Frink (DSFrink@AOL.COM) Subject: Re: calcic horizon development Gail, I'm an archaeologist and pedologist. Although I cannot directly answer your question, the calcic horizon may have contaminated the earlier 14C sample. I invite you to visit the OCR Carbon Dating Web-Site for an alternative to 14C dating, and perhaps a technique which can indirectly address your question. http://members.aol.com/dsfrink/ocr/ocrpage.htm Douglas Frink ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 10 Sep 1997 to 11 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Tue, 16 Sep 1997 00:03:57 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 11 Sep 1997 to 15 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 18 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 15 Sep 1997 18:29:46 -0600 From: B Rawluk (brawluk@GPU.SRV.UALBERTA.CA) Subject: Introduction Hello everyone I am Brad Rawluk and I am currently in my fourth year at the University of Alberta majorring in Land Resource Science. My interests in this field currently are primarily agriculture related. ******************************************************************* Brad Rawluk 4th Year Land Resource Science brawluk@gpu.srv.ualberta.ca ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 11 Sep 1997 to 15 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Fri, 19 Sep 1997 00:03:52 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 15 Sep 1997 to 18 Sep 1997 There are 2 messages totalling 110 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. winter soil stripping (2) ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 18 Sep 1997 20:03:40 -0600 From: Bruce Dewar (dewar@TELUSPLANET.NET) Subject: winter soil stripping Sept 14, 1997 Hello I'd like to introduce myself as a new member of this mailing list. My name is Bruce Dewar, I have a BSc in biochemistry and am involved in the oil and gas industry of Alberta Canada. My duties involve the construction and reclamation of leases for drilling rigs. Basically stripping the soils of of a 100m square and leveling the clay. Then afterwards reclaiming the site to original condition. I am involved with the reclamation business in Alberta and have a question about winter soil stripping. When stripping the topsoil and subsoils off of an area of and when the soil is frozen is ther a method to prevent excessive admixing of soil layers? So far I have found that the only way to cut into the frozen soil is to drop the ripper of the cat and break-up the soils. This, however, creates a severe admixing problem that damages the topsoil and subsoil preventing successful reclamation results. Is there a way to reach the same ends without admixing the soils? Bruce Dewar Triad Technologies Inc. dewar@telusplanet.net Alberta, Canada ------------------------------
Date: Thu, 18 Sep 1997 20:32:17 -0700 From: "J.D. Oster" (oster@MAIL.UCR.EDU) Subject: Re: winter soil stripping Bruce: you could use ripping shanks mounted on wheels with a hydraulic cylinder to control the depth. The equipment requires a D6 - D8 to pull, so the shanks should be strong enough to fracture a frozen soil. The ripping depth should be about 1.5 times the depth of top soil and the spacing between the ripper shanks should be about 0.8 times the depth of ripping. If this does too much mixing, then try ripping at shallower depths. The shanks are parabolic in shape, made from steel about 1 inch thick. The maximum width at the top portion of the curve is about 6 inches and the width then tapers down towards the lower end of the shank. These rippers are fairly commonly used in California to rip to depths varying from 1 to 3 feet. You could contact Doug Rheinhardt or Dave Howe at Westlake Farms, Stratford for more details. Tell them I suggested you call them for more information. Sorry, I do not have there phone number. It is listed under Westlake Farms in the 209 calling area. At 08:03 PM 9/18/97 -0600, you wrote: )Sept 14, 1997 ) ) Hello I'd like to introduce myself as a new member of this mailing list. ) My name is Bruce Dewar, I have a BSc in biochemistry and am involved in the oil )and gas industry of Alberta Canada. My duties involve the construction and )reclamation of leases for drilling rigs. Basically stripping the soils of of a )100m square and leveling the clay. Then afterwards reclaiming the site to )original condition. ) ) I am involved with the reclamation business in Alberta and have a )question about )winter soil stripping. When stripping the topsoil and subsoils off of an area )of and when the soil is frozen is ther a method to prevent excessive admixing of )soil layers? )So far I have found that the only way to cut into the frozen soil is to drop the )ripper )of the cat and break-up the soils. This, however, creates a severe admixing )problem )that damages the topsoil and subsoil preventing successful reclamation results. ) Is )there a way to reach the same ends without admixing the soils? ) ) Bruce Dewar ) Triad Technologies Inc. ) dewar@telusplanet.net ) Alberta, Canada ) J.D.(Jim) Oster Soil and Water Specialist and Adjunct Professor Soil and Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside, CA. FAX: 909 787-5522 P.O Box 1344 Graeagle CA 96103 Telehones VOICE: Riverside Office 909 787-5100 Nov 1997 Graeagle Office 916 8360938 May through October 1997 e-mail: Oster@mail.ucr.edu http://esce.ucr.edu ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 15 Sep 1997 to 18 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Sat, 20 Sep 1997 00:02:35 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 18 Sep 1997 to 19 Sep 1997 There are 2 messages totalling 48 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. winter soil stripping 2. winter soil stripping -Reply ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Sep 1997 09:33:29 -0400 From: "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@MINDSPRING.COM) Subject: Re: winter soil stripping Hi Bruce: I can't help you with the frozen soil problem (it never freezes here) but I am interested in your approach to reclamation of drilling sites. Generally brine contamination is a bigger problem than hydrocarbon contamination. How do you treat brine impacted soils so they can be revegetated? The general approach I find here is gypsum, calcitic lime or dolomite followed by leaching. I have heard about calcium silicates but have not found any case studies or a local source. I would be interested in your approach. Regards, Dick "Richard E. Woodward" (rwoodward@mindspring.com) ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Sep 1997 08:55:22 -0500 From: Paul Reynolds (PREYNOLD@TNRCC.STATE.TX.US) Subject: Re: winter soil stripping -Reply Mr. Woodward, There are a couple of companies here in Texas that deal with that. Unfortunately, I do not recall any of the information, but I do recall that there is a company out of the Bryan/College Station area that specializes in brine remediation. You may want to call the Texas Railroad Commission at 512/463-7288. This agency deals with the operation of oil and gas wells and mining and are therefore, responsible for the remediation of associated sites. I hope this will be of some assistance to you. James Paul Reynolds, Jr., Agronomist/Soil Scientist Ground Water Assessment Section, Water Quality Division Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission 12100 Park 35 Circle, Bldg. F, Austin TX 78753 (512)239-4508 ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 18 Sep 1997 to 19 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Mon, 22 Sep 1997 00:02:35 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 19 Sep 1997 to 21 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 18 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Rhizosphere research ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 21 Sep 1997 11:45:27 -0400 From: Ahmed (ahmed@AEI.CA) Subject: Rhizosphere research Hello, my name is Kader Benmati, I have a Masters in soil science. Since few years I started a field and experimental works on solutes root permeability. Preliminary results showed that some plants under arid climate accumulate salts on their root surface. Under wet climate the accumulations occur into root cells. I'd like undertake experimental studies in order to modelling solutes flux in root-soil interface. I should very grateful to everyone interested to supervise my project. A. Ben Mati ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 19 Sep 1997 to 21 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 1997 00:01:58 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 21 Sep 1997 to 24 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 271 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Training Program "Optimizing Management for Precision Farming" ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 1997 11:06:07 -0500 From: Joep Luyten (luyten@AGEN.UFL.EDU) Subject: Training Program "Optimizing Management for Precision Farming" Second announcement for the Training Program: “Optimizing Management for Precision Farming: A Systems Approach” March 9 - 14, 1998, Gainesville, Florida ********************************************************************** ********* WWW-site: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~workshop/ ********* ********************************************************************** ### SPONSORED BY: - University of Florida - Wageningen Agricultural University - University of Georgia - International Fertilizer Development Center - International Consortium for Agricultural Systems Applications ### RATIONALE Precision Farming has a goal of optimizing the use of soil and water resources and chemical inputs (fertilizers and pesticides) on a site-specific basis. This goal is now technically feasible due to recent advances in sensor technology and controllers that allows variable rate application of materials across a field. Technological advances in remote sensing, grain yield monitoring, geographical information systems (GIS), and global positioning systems (GPS), provide new opportunities for characterizing variability in crop fields. These new tools have now shown that many crop fields are highly variable, thereby reducing overall field yield and resource use efficiency. However, once one has a measure of the spatial variability, optimizing management requires an understanding of what caused the variability first of all, and a method to determine optimal management over the field. Crop simulation models are needed to help consultants, researchers, and other farm advisors determine the pattern of field management that optimizes production or profit. However, the effective use of these tools requires their evaluation in fields to be optimized, their integration with other information tools such as GIS, geostatistics, remote sensing, and optimization analysis. A comprehensive crop model application package has been developed by researchers from several countries. This system, DSSAT v3.1, incorporates crop/soil/weather models, data input and management software, and analysis programs for optimizing production or profit for homogenous fields. It also has features linking DSSAT crop models with GIS, geostatistics, and other software to enable users to optimize management over spatially-variable fields considering a number of important factors that affect crop development and yield. This training program is designed to provide participants with necessary concepts and a practical working knowledge of these tools, with case study projects. It will also provide them with information on how to link crop model components with other packages being designed and developed for practical application to precision farming. ### PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES The overall goal of this training program is to increase the capabilities of participants to apply quantitative tools to optimize management of spatially-variable fields, taking advantage of new sources of information, methods for its use, and equipment for precision farming. Specifically, the program will focus on: 1. Information tools for managing spatial data, including GIS, remote sensing, yield monitoring data, and GPS. Hands-on experience with a GPS and GPS-GIS linkage. 2. Analysis software to gain insight into the magnitude of spatial variability and possible reasons for this variability, including kriging, correlation, and crop and soil model approaches. 3. Description of CERES and CROPGRO crop simulation models, focusing on corn, wheat, and soybean crops, and information required for their applications to spatially-variable fields. 4. Operation of the DSSAT v3.1 software system, including components linking DSSAT crop models with spatial analysis programs and IDRISI v2.0 GIS software. 5. Example applications of DSSAT v3.1 to optimize management in specific field situations. ### PROGRAM CONTENT This training program will describe concepts of spatial variability and precision farming. It will describe practical approaches for characterizing spatial variability and methods for analyzing reasons for the variability. The program will make extensive use of "hands-on" practical sessions that demonstrate the concepts, software for analyzing spatial data, and models for determining management that optimizes production, taking into account possible effects on the environment. The program will make extensive use of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) v3.1 software package. This comprehensive package includes the CERES (maize, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, and millet) CROPGRO (soybean, peanut, dry bean, and tomato), SUBSTOR (potato), CROPSIM (cassava), and CANEGRO (Sugarcane) models for crop growth and yield. These models respond to weather, soil water holding and root growth characteristics, cultivar, water management, nitrogen management, and row spacing/plant population. The program will describe information inputs required by these models, outputs predicted by the models, and methods to interpret uncertainty and risk associated with uncertain inputs. DSSAT also includes links to GIS and remote sensing information, which allows mapping of spatially variable inputs across a field and mapping of predicted outputs from the models, such as yield, nitrogen leaching, water use, etc. The entire DSSAT v3.1 package will be provided to each participant along with documentation on its use. The program length will be six working days. ### OUTLINE (PRELIMINARY): Day 1 INTRODUCTION AND CONCEPTS OF PRECISION FARMING - Yield maps, GIS, remote sensing tools, and GPS Day 2 CROP, SOIL, WATER AND N-SIMULATIONS WITH DSSAT V3.1 - DSSAT v3.1 operation and basic data sets - Examples of Corn, Soybean, and Wheat Crop Simulations Day 3 CHARACTERIZING OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF FIELDS - Spatial Interpolation of Point Data, - Relating Remote Sensing Images to Yield Maps, - GIS Technology for Digital Terrain Map Analysis, - Spatial Data Bases for Crop Model Analyses Day 4 ANALYSIS TOOLS - Seasonal and Spatial analysis in DSSAT v3.1 - Data in DSSAT v3.1 for Applying Crop Models - GIS-crop model linkage - Model Evaluation Exercises Day 5 OPTIMIZING MANAGEMENT FOR SPATIALLY VARIABLE FIELDS - Obtaining Inputs for Spatially Variable Fields - Simulating Different Segments of a Spatially-Variable Field - Economic Analysis Day 6 CONTINUATION OF OPTIMIZING MANAGEMENT - Case Studies - Reporting and Discussion of Results ### QUALIFICATIONS FOR APPLICATION 1. Participants should be university graduates currently engaged in crop consulting, research on precision farming, providing advice to farmers on precision farming, or development of information tools and methods for precision farming. 2. They should have an understanding of crop production systems and be relatively familiar with terminology in crop production. 3. They should be familiar with personal computers, including DOS and Windows operating environments, and with the operation of software packages in these environments. Computer programming skills are not required. 4. They should be fluent in English. ### TRAINING FACULTY Dr. James W. Jones, University of Florida, Dr. Kenneth J. Boote, University of Florida, Dr. John Schueller, University of Florida, Dr. Johan Bouma, Wageningen Agricultural University, Dr. Harry Booltink, Wageningen Agricultural University, Dr. Gerrit Hoogenboom, University of Georgia, Dr. Paul Wilkens, International Fertilizer Development Center, Dr. Philip Thornton, International Livestock Research Center, Kenya ### REGISTRATION In order to register, you have to provide all information on the registration form. This form can be obtained by writing to the address below, or preferably, by printing it from our WWW-site: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~workshop/registration_form.htm Please fill in the form completely and accurately, and mail or fax it then to: Mail: Optimizing Management for Precision Farming: A Systems Approach International Programs/Training Unit P.O. Box 110329 Gainesville, FL 32611-0329, United States of America Fax: +1 (352) 392-7127 Tel: +1 (352) 392-1965 Email: apeters@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu QUARANTY AND REGISTRATION DEADLINE: To guarantee enrollment, payment must be made with a purchase order, check or credit card by February 1, 1998. Enrollment is limited to 25 participants. Priorities for enrollment will be on the basis of date of receipt of payment. REGISTRATION FEE: The fee for this training workshop is $1,900. It covers registration for the six-day program, resource material including DSSAT v3.1 software, and tea/coffee breaks. It does not cover breakfast, lunch, dinner, or lodging during the program nor air transportation and health insurance. Each participant is responsible for these costs. Food and hotel lodging will average about $75/day. LODGING: Rooms for participants will be reserved in the Rush Lake Motel. This is a good quality motel which is located close to the university campus and several restaurants. It is a 15-minute walk to the university campus or the city bus can be used. Special arrangements can be made for parking on campus. Please indicate on your registration form if you would like to have lodging reserved at the Rush Lake Motel. Payment for lodging is to be made directly to the motel (advanced payment is not required). VISA: A visa is required for entry into the United States. Each Participant must obtain a visitor visa from the Embassy or Consulate of the United States in his or her country of residence. PROGRAM CANCELLATION POLICIES: Cancellation of pre-registration must be made at least 72 hours before the program begins in order to avoid being billed 25 percent of the registration fee. Substitution of personnel is recommended in lieu of cancellation. Pre-registrants who fail to attend or to send a substitute are liable for full registration fee. To cancel a registration, call (352) 392-7127. In the event the program is canceled for any reason, the organizers will not be responsible for any cancellation changes or charges assessed by airlines or travel agencies. ### MORE INFORMATION More information on the training program can be found on the following WWW-site: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~workshop/ If you specific questions on program information (NOT on registration and facilities information!!!), your may direct them to: Dr. James W. Jones Agricultural & Biological Engineering Dept. University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-0570 Fax: +1 (352) 392-4092 Email: jwj@agen.ufl.edu ====================================================== Joep. C. Luyten Agricultural & Biological Engineering Dept. University of Florida P.O. Box 110570 Gainesville, FL 36211-0570 Tel: (352) 392-7736 Fax: (352) 392-4092 Email: luyten@agen.ufl.edu URL: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~luyten/joep/ ====================================================== ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 21 Sep 1997 to 24 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 1997 00:03:34 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 24 Sep 1997 to 25 Sep 1997 There are 4 messages totalling 128 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. model list (2) 2. model list -Reply (2) ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 1997 19:22:21 +0200 From: Sandra Novak (novaks@ENSAIA.U-NANCY.FR) Subject: model list Hi everybody, Could someone be so kind to give me the e-mail and the way to subscribe to a list dealing with models. I'm interested in modelling water and pesticide flow in soils. Thank you. Sandra ****************************************** * Sandra NOVAK * * Laboratory of Soils and Environnement * * ENSAIA/INPL * * BP 172 * * F-54505 VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY Cedex * * FRANCE * * ----------------------------------- * * phone : +03 83595845 * * e-mail: novaks@ensaia.u-nancy.fr * ****************************************** ------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 1997 14:26:48 -0500 From: Pat Coyle (p_coyle@VUL.COM) Subject: Re: model list Sandra: I think that you want the Groundwater List To subscribe, send a message DIRECTLY to MAJORDOMO at: majordomo@ias.champlain.edu with "subscribe groundwater" or "subscribe groundwater-digest" in the body, (no quotes). Posting address: GROUNDWATER@ias.champlain.edu Administrative problems: e-mail kenbannister@groundwater.com Patrick Coyle Research Chemist Callaway Chemical Company ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: model list Author: Soils-L Discussion List (SOILS-L@crcvms.unl.edu) at INTERNET
Date: 9/25/97 7:22 PM Hi everybody, Could someone be so kind to give me the e-mail and the way to subscribe to a list dealing with models. I'm interested in modelling water and pesticide flow in soils. Thank you. Sandra ****************************************** * Sandra NOVAK * * Laboratory of Soils and Environnement * * ENSAIA/INPL * * BP 172 * * F-54505 VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY Cedex * * FRANCE * * ----------------------------------- * * phone : +03 83595845 * * e-mail: novaks@ensaia.u-nancy.fr * ****************************************** ------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 1997 13:35:18 -0500 From: Paul Reynolds (PREYNOLD@TNRCC.STATE.TX.US) Subject: model list -Reply Agmodels is one. Sorry, I don't have an address for them for subscribing. I do recieve their postings, but don't remember the address for the subscribing part, but I'm sure that you can do a net search and it will be adequate to get you to the point you need to go. Thanks and goodluck. ------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 1997 13:55:54 -0500 From: "Robert M. Caldwell" (serc018@UNLVM.UNL.EDU) Subject: Re: model list -Reply At 01:35 PM 9/25/97 -0500, you wrote: )Agmodels is one. Sorry, I don't have an address for them for )subscribing. I do recieve their postings, but don't remember the address )for the subscribing part, but I'm sure that you can do a net search and it )will be adequate to get you to the point you need to go. To subscribe to the AgModels-L listserv, send a one line message (don't append a signature file) containing: sub agmodels-l yourOwnFirstName yourOwnSecondName to: listserv@unl.edu Contact me personally if you have problems. Sincerely, Bob Caldwell, Cropping Systems Specialist, Dept. of Agronomy/SEREC/NEREC University of Nebraska - Lincoln 204 Mussehl Hall, P.O. Box 830714, Lincoln, NE 68583-0714 serc018@unlvm.unl.edu Phone: (402) 472-3674. FAX: (402) 472-3858. ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 24 Sep 1997 to 25 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Sat, 27 Sep 1997 00:02:29 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 25 Sep 1997 to 26 Sep 1997 There are 3 messages totalling 76 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. Water supply in soil columns 2. thank you 3. model list -Reply -Reply ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 1997 10:17:18 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Andr=E9_?= Chassot (andre.chassot@IPW.AGRL.ETHZ.CH) Subject: Water supply in soil columns Hello everybody, Does anybody have experience in supplying water separately into two layers of a single soil column?=20 I would like to have in each column simultaneously two different water tensions, for the upper and the lower layer, respectively. Each water tension has to be kept constant at its initial level over the whole period of growth (ca. 1 month). Water may be supplied to both layers only from the top of the soil column. I'm looking forward to get any idea that could help me. Thank you in advance. Best regards. Andre Chassot. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------- Andr=E9 Chassot Institute of Plant Sciences Tel.: **41 1 632 33 23 ETH Zentrum, LFW A8 Fax.: **41 1 632 11 43 CH-8092 Zurich e-mail: andre.chassot@ipw.agrl.ethz.ch Switzerland ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 1997 13:46:24 +0200 From: Sandra Novak (novaks@ENSAIA.U-NANCY.FR) Subject: thank you Hello, I just want to thank all the soils-l members who answered to my question and especially Robert Caldwell. Sandra ****************************************** * Sandra NOVAK * * Laboratory of Soils and Environnement * * ENSAIA/INPL * * BP 172 * * F-54505 VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY Cedex * * FRANCE * * ----------------------------------- * * phone : +03 83595845 * * e-mail: novaks@ensaia.u-nancy.fr * ****************************************** ------------------------------
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 1997 08:52:03 -0500 From: Paul Reynolds (PREYNOLD@TNRCC.STATE.TX.US) Subject: Re: model list -Reply -Reply Thank you for clarifying that. I lost all of my archived mails due to a mail purging here at the agency and do not have access to this type of information anymore. I was completely purged from our system for some silly reason. Again, thanks for the clarification. preynold ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 25 Sep 1997 to 26 Sep 1997 **************************************************
Date: Mon, 29 Sep 1997 00:01:31 -0600 From: Automatic digest processor (LISTSERV@crcvms.unl.edu) Subject: SOILS-L Digest - 26 Sep 1997 to 28 Sep 1997 There is one message totalling 8 lines in this issue. Topics of the day: 1. model list -Reply ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 28 Sep 1997 16:13:39 -0400 From: DRTFRM@AOL.COM Subject: Re: model list -Reply delete from list ------------------------------ End of SOILS-L Digest - 26 Sep 1997 to 28 Sep 1997 **************************************************

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