TRICKLE-L: 199606XX
is the compilation of discussion during Jun 96
via AB4EL Web Digests @ SunSITE
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jun 3 03:07 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 1996 01:55:49 -0500
Message-Id: <199606030655.AA18158@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 514
Contents:
Re: unsubscribe (Mario Conte <conte@ghirada.it>)
Date: Sun, 02 Jun 1996 09:28:16 +0200
From: Mario Conte <conte@ghirada.it>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe conte@ghirada.it
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jun 4 12:06 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 4 Jun 1996 10:52:30 -0500
Message-Id: <199606041552.AA12777@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 515
Contents:
Re: unsubscribe (EARTHWRK@aol.com)
Re: unsubscribe (Diana M Magarian <mille161@maroon.tc.umn.edu>)
Re: SELF PROPELLED IRRIGATION UNITS (EVALOV@aol.com)
RE: unsubscribe (jjb@dickinson.ctctel.com)
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 1996 12:21:07 -0400
From: EARTHWRK@aol.com
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe wally Allen
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 1996 11:26:19 -0500 (CDT)
From: Diana M Magarian <mille161@maroon.tc.umn.edu>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe mille161@maroon.tc.umn.edu
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 1996 23:49:57 -0400
From: EVALOV@aol.com
Subject: Re: SELF PROPELLED IRRIGATION UNITS
Are you looking for Mechanical Irrigation such as Center Pivots and Linear
move machines? Take a look at "Http://LSNT7.Lightspeed.Net/~Hydratec".
Date: Mon, 03 Jun 1996 23:19:25 LCL
From: jjb@dickinson.ctctel.com
Subject: RE: unsubscribe
unsubscribe jjb@dickinson.ctctel.com
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jun 5 12:35 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 1996 11:19:30 -0500
Message-Id: <199606051619.AA12898@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 516
Contents:
Chlorine use for algae control ("Grant Cardon" <gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu>)
unsubscribe (Daniel Schwendler <75471.1717@CompuServe.COM>)
Re: subirrigation of apple trees (mcnutt@HUB.ofthe.NET)
RE: unsubscribe ("James W. Troutt" <jtroutt@mail.orion.org>)
...no subject... (arie bons <Arie.Bons@users.tct.wau.nl>)
Re Subirrigation of apple trees (ericj@gem.co.za (Eric Jooste))
Date: Tue, 4 Jun 1996 11:40:41 -0600 (CST)
From: "Grant Cardon" <gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu>
Subject: Chlorine use for algae control
I know that many recommend the injection of chlorine for the control of
algae, but at what concentration and in what form, regular bleach? Any help
on this would be appreciated.
Grant E. Cardon
Assistant Professor, Irrigation Management
Department of Soil and Crop Science
Colorado State University
Ft. Collins, CO 80523
(970) 491-6235 -- voice
(970) 491-0564 -- fax
gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu
Date: 04 Jun 96 15:44:56 EDT
From: Daniel Schwendler <75471.1717@CompuServe.COM>
Subject: unsubscribe
Unsubscribe 75471.1717@compuserve.com
Date: Tue, 4 Jun 1996 18:01:00 -0500
From: mcnutt@HUB.ofthe.NET
Subject: Re: subirrigation of apple trees
Clare,
I have designed various types of micro-irrigation systems for many
different fruit and nut crops.
My experience with apples is limited to dwarf trees grown on a trellis.
With these we used 1 gph Pressure compensating emitters on polyethlene
suspended from the trellis. (similar to vineyards).
Here in West Texas there is increasing interest in using sub-surface drip
tape on Pecan orchards.
A few have been installed with excellent results! In my humble opinion
this method of micro-irrigation is the best. As always, water quality is
critical. There are acid based fertilizers that will help keep the system
clean while you water. Contact the Center for Irrigation Technology in
Fresno, for more detailed information regarding chemical and acid
injection.
D.B. McNutt
Date: Tue, 4 Jun 1996 19:32:45 -0500 (CDT)
From: "James W. Troutt" <jtroutt@mail.orion.org>
Subject: RE: unsubscribe
unsubscribe jtroutt@mail.orion.org
Date: Wed, 05 Jun 1996 13:15:12 +0000 (DST)
From: arie bons <Arie.Bons@users.tct.wau.nl>
Subject: ...no subject...
unsubscribe TRICKLE-L
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 1996 13:57:28 +0200
From: ericj@gem.co.za (Eric Jooste)
Subject: Re Subirrigation of apple trees
D.B. McNutt wrote :
>I have designed various types of micro-irrigation systems for many
>different fruit and nut crops.
>My experience with apples is limited to dwarf trees grown on a trellis.
>With these we used 1 gph Pressure compensating emitters on polyethlene
>suspended from the trellis. (similar to vineyards).
>Here in West Texas there is increasing interest in using sub-surface drip
>tape on Pecan orchards.
>A few have been installed with excellent results! In my humble opinion
>this method of micro-irrigation is the best. As always, water quality is
>critical. There are acid based fertilizers that will help keep the system
>clean while you water. Contact the Center for Irrigation Technology in
>Fresno, for more detailed information regarding chemical and acid
>injection.
Our experience of Micro irrigation in the fruit growing areas of the Western
Cape
Province of South Africa is that the effectiveness of trickle irrigation
depends upon the
physical structure of the soil. Some of our soils are a deep, course sand
where no
lateral movement of the irrigation water occurs rendering drip or trickle
irrigation
useless. As a direct result of this phenomenon MICROJET=AE was developed=
25
years
ago and has proved to be the most effective low volume, low pressure system=
of
irrigation. With this system water quality is also critical but not as
critical as with drip
since the velocity of flow through the orifice is much greater as is the
size of the
orifice. MICROJET=AE is entirely independent on physical soil structure=
and
is equally
effective on sand and heavy clay with the added advantage over drip that any
malfunction of the emitter is visible long before the plant dies of drought.=
=20
Vernon B Studti
>OO< F
(((() ((((((()
(((((() ((((((((((o(((((((()
(((((((\--/(((((((((((((((((((/
(((((((((((((((((((((((((((
(((((((/--\(((((((((((((((((((\
((((() (((((((((((((((((((()
(((() ((((((()
----- """ SO HOW DOES TEFLON STICK TO THE PAN ?????? """" ---------------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jun 6 12:32 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 11:20:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199606061620.AA04565@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 517
Contents:
TRICKLE-L digest 517 NOT RECEIVED
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 12:06:40 -0600 (CST)
From: AB4EL <modena@SunSITE.unc.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 517 NOT RECEIVED
TRICKLE-L digest 517 NOT RECEIVED
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jun 7 12:32 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 11:20:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199606071620.AA04565@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 518
Contents:
Hypochlorite sources ("Grant Cardon" <gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu>)
unsubscribe (robertot@agen.ufl.edu (Roberto Testezlaf))
Re: Chlorine use for algae control (EVALOV@aol.com)
Re: Hypochlorite sources (GroAire@aol.com)
CIT testing (Manrique Brenes <mjbrenes@ucdavis.edu>)
response to Stuart Styles efficiency study (rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead))
unsubscribe (arie bons <Arie.Bons@users.tct.wau.nl>)
Re: unsubscribe (DUSTIN LOWREY <lowreyd@brampton.cqu.edu.au>)
Re: unsubscribe (Mark Reitkopp <reitkopp@actcom.co.il>)
Re: Chlorine use for algae control ("David S. Ross" <dr27@umail.umd.edu>)
unsubscribe ("John MacGilchrist" <jmacg@qb.island.net>)
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 12:06:40 -0600 (CST)
From: "Grant Cardon" <gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu>
Subject: Hypochlorite sources
Thanks to the several of you who responded to my posting on the use of
chlorine for controlling algae and other bio-problems. As far as I can tell
from the info received, Potassium Hypo is now an EPA approved form of
chlorine. Is there anyone who can lead me to commercial sources of K-Hypo?
Is it widely available from fertilizer dealers and the like? Or, as listed
in an archive file, am I limited to purchasing or renting specialized
electrolytic equipment to make the K-hypo on site? If the responses were as
informative as the last set, I'm confident that my problems will all be
solved shortly--Thanks ahead of time
Grant E. Cardon
Assistant Professor, Irrigation Management
Department of Soil and Crop Science
Colorado State University
Ft. Collins, CO 80523
(970) 491-6235 -- voice
(970) 491-0564 -- fax
gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 96 14:57:05 EDT
From: robertot@agen.ufl.edu (Roberto Testezlaf)
Subject: unsubscribe
unsubscribe robertot@agen.ufl.edu
**************************************
** Roberto Testezlaf **
** University of Florida **
** 119 Rogers Hall **
** P.O. Box 110570 **
** Gainesville FL 32611-0570 **
** e-mail:robertot@agen.ufl.edu **
** FAX: (904) 392-4092 **
**************************************
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 23:11:27 -0400
From: EVALOV@aol.com
Subject: Re: Chlorine use for algae control
Here in California, there are companies that come out and set up Chlorine gas
injection systems. It is not cheap and it is dangerous but, it's very
effective. Given the danger coupled with the permit process required I would
recommend using a company with the trained technicians and equipment to get
you started.
Ed Valov
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 23:19:36 -0400
From: GroAire@aol.com
Subject: Re: Hypochlorite sources
Contact Grsmiths@aol.com for potassium hypchlorite. His company developed and
patented systems to produce the product.
Dave Enyeart
GroAire Irrigation Inc.
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 1996 21:58:09 -0700
From: Manrique Brenes <mjbrenes@ucdavis.edu>
Subject: CIT testing
I have a set of results from a CIT evaluation of a drip tape. The =
results include measurements of flow for a set of emitters at different =
pressures and a non linear (curve fit) regression to determine an =
equation of the form (q=3Dkp^x) q=3Dflow, p=3Dpressure. Then they =
include a series of tables for uniformity, average and minimum flow, EU, =
etc for different slopes and run sizes. =20
I would appreciate it if somebody could give me the technical reference =
on how the CIT generates this tables from the flow equation.
Thanks.
Manrique Brenes
Bio & Ag Eng
UC Davis
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 05:06:40 GMT
From: rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead)
Subject: response to Stuart Styles efficiency study
The following was meant to be sent to the Trickle-L group.
It is from Dean Reynolds.
****************************
>>Comments from Stuart Styles:
>>
>>*Results:
>>
>> Grower 1 (Gilroy, California, USA)
>> ----------------------------------
>>
>> Water and Energy Use Efficiencies
>> Before Buried Drip and After Buried Drip
>> 94-95 Average
>> Item Before CEC After CEC
>> Project Project %
>>Change
>> ---------- ---------
>>--------
>> Water Use (Acre-feet/acre) 2.4 1.9
>>-20
>> Energy Use (MBtu/acre) 18.3 19.3
>> 6
>> Yield (Tons/acre) 20.0 26.0
>> 30
>> Water Use Efficiency (Tons/AF) 8.5 13.8
>> 63
>> Energy Use Efficiency (Tons/MBtu) 1.1 1.3
>> 23
>>
>>
>> Grower 2 (Oxnard, California, USA)
>> ----------------------------------
>>
>> 93-95 Average
>> Item Before CEC After CEC
>> Project Project %
>>Change
>> ---------- ---------
>>--------
>> Water Use (Acre-feet/acre) 2.7 2.6
>> -4
>> Energy Use (MBtu/acre) 21.16 26.0
>> 23
>> Yield (Tons/acre) 18.0 24.7
>> 37
>> Water Use Efficiency (Tons/AF) 6.7 9.5
>> 42
>> Energy Use Efficiency (Tons/MBtu) 0.85 0.95
>> 12
>>
>>__________________________________________________________________
>>____________
>>Stuart W. Styles - PE Phone (805)756-2429
>>Irrigation Training and Research Center FAX (805)756-2433
>>Cal Poly State University - Ag Engr Dept Email:
>>sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu
>>San Luis Obispo CA 93407
>>http://www.calpoly.edu/~ae/itrc.html
>>__________________________________________________________________
>>--- End Included Message ---
>>
>>Comments from Dean Reynolds
>>
>>First: I believe the percent change for grower ones energy use
>>efficiency is 18%. But that is picky detail.
>>
>>How do you explain the large difference in "Water Use", I assume
>>this is applied water? Grower 1 reduced applied water
>>dramatically and increased yields nearly as much as grower 2. It
>>appears that grower 1 may have stressed the peppers enough to
>>cause a yield reduction.
>>
>>In the instance of grower 2 it appears that the amount of water
>>was correct before the project. But after implementation the
>>water is getting where it can be used by the plant. Improved
>>uniformity.
>>
>>Was grower 1 managing water less well before the program than
>>grower 2?
>>
>>This is very interesting.
>>
>>-Dean Reynolds
>>Ca. Dept. of Water Resources
>>
Date: Fri, 07 Jun 1996 12:42:20 +0000 (DST)
From: arie bons <Arie.Bons@users.tct.wau.nl>
Subject: unsubscribe
unsubscribe TRICKLE-L
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 21:03:52 +1000 (EST)
From: DUSTIN LOWREY <lowreyd@brampton.cqu.edu.au>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe TRICKLE-L
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 17:35:32 +0300 (EET DST)
From: Mark Reitkopp <reitkopp@actcom.co.il>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
Unsubscribe reitkopp@actcom.co.il
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 96 11:24:02 -0400
From: "David S. Ross" <dr27@umail.umd.edu>
Subject: Re: Chlorine use for algae control
Grant, chlorine, as a gas, can be injected. It is the least expensive form
as opposed to using bleach. The amount of gas to inject, in ppm, will vary
during the season as the amount of algae varies. The end product should be
water with a residual 1 to 3 ppm of chlorine after treatment. You may
inject 10 to 40 ppm ( a guess, it may be even more) initially to provide
enough chlorine to oxidize the organic matter or algae. Several nurseries
use chlorine to kill algae and pathogens in the recycled water. A media
filter is needed to remove the remaining residue. David
At 12:09 PM 6/4/96 -0500, Grant Cardon wrote:
>I know that many recommend the injection of chlorine for the control of
>algae, but at what concentration and in what form, regular bleach? Any help
>on this would be appreciated.
>
>Grant E. Cardon
>Assistant Professor, Irrigation Management
>Department of Soil and Crop Science
>Colorado State University
>Ft. Collins, CO 80523
>(970) 491-6235 -- voice
>(970) 491-0564 -- fax
>
>gcardon@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu
>
>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
David S. Ross, Department of Biological Resources Engineering, University of
Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-5711. Phone 301-405-1188, Fax 301-314-9023
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 08:29:42 PST8PDT
From: "John MacGilchrist" <jmacg@qb.island.net>
Subject: unsubscribe
Unsubscribe jmacg@qb.island.netl
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jun 8 12:33 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 8 Jun 1996 11:21:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199606081621.AA19220@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 519
Contents:
unsubscribe (Efrain Barragan Gonzalez <becebg@tzetzal.dcaa.unam.mx>)
Potential unsubscribers (Richard Mead <rmead@cybergate.com>)
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 15:59:43 -0600 (CST)
From: Efrain Barragan Gonzalez <becebg@tzetzal.dcaa.unam.mx>
Subject: unsubscribe
unsubscribe TRICKLE-L
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 20:43:01 -0400
From: Richard Mead <rmead@cybergate.com>
Subject: Potential unsubscribers
Before another barrage of unsubscribers display their needs,
PLEASE contact me* instead of the Trickle-L group.
I know people get busy in the summer (up here in the northern
hemisphere), but there is a way to stop your mail temporarily.
Send the command: SET TRICKLE-L NOMAIL
to
LISTSERV@UNL.EDU
When you feel like getting mail again, send:
SET TRICKLE-L MAIL
to
LISTSERV@UNL.EDU
Thanks for your support!
*Richard Mead
Trickle-L owner/manager
rmead@cybergate.com
or
rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Jun 9 12:33 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 9 Jun 1996 11:22:20 -0500
Message-Id: <199606091622.AA25940@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 520
Contents:
Re: unsubscribe ("James W. Troutt" <jtroutt@mail.orion.org>)
Date: Sat, 8 Jun 1996 15:09:19 -0500 (CDT)
From: "James W. Troutt" <jtroutt@mail.orion.org>
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
unsubscribe jtroutt@mail.orion.org
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jun 10 12:35 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 10 Jun 1996 11:23:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199606101623.AA08767@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 521
Contents:
Re: CIT testing (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Date: 10 Jun 96 09:39:52 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: CIT testing
I believe you can check most any engineering fluid mechanics book and find
that the form of this equation follows what is called the ORIFICE
equation where Q= C H^^X. X is often about 0.5 for tapes.
Although I am a little confused by what
you mean by 3D
Freddie
*
> Date: 06-Jun-1996 23:58:21 -0500
> Reply-to: trickle-l@unl.edu
> From: trickle-l@unl.edu
> To: trickle-l@unl.edu (Multiple recipients of list)
> Subject: CIT testing
> I have a set of results from a CIT evaluation of a drip tape. The =
> results include measurements of flow for a set of emitters at different =
> pressures and a non linear (curve fit) regression to determine an =
> equation of the form (q=3Dkp^x) q=3Dflow, p=3Dpressure. Then they =
> include a series of tables for uniformity, average and minimum flow, EU, =
> etc for different slopes and run sizes. =20
> I would appreciate it if somebody could give me the technical reference =
> on how the CIT generates this tables from the flow equation.
>
> Thanks.
>
> Manrique Brenes
> Bio & Ag Eng
> UC Davis
>
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jun 11 12:54 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 11 Jun 1996 11:24:48 -0500
Message-Id: <199606111624.AA00602@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 522
Contents:
Efficiency Study (sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Stuart W. Styles))
Re: response to Stuart Styles efficiency study (sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Stuart W. Styles))
Trickle-L update & new member responses (rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead))
Date: Mon, 10 Jun 1996 14:25:04 -0700
From: sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Stuart W. Styles)
Subject: Efficiency Study
On Date: Fri, 7 Jun 1996 00:10:47 -0500, the following was posted by
Richard Mead under the subject - "response to Stuart Styles efficiency
study":
>>>Comments from Dean Reynolds:
>>>How do you explain the large difference in "Water Use", I assume
>>>this is applied water? Grower 1 reduced applied water
>>>dramatically and increased yields nearly as much as grower 2. It
>>>appears that grower 1 may have stressed the peppers enough to
>>>cause a yield reduction.
Stuart Styles response:
On these two projects, the volume of water did not appear to be the primary
influence on the yields. The factors that appeared to have a bigger
influence on the yield were:
- reduction of Phytophthora problems
- multiple pickings possible
- improved fertilizer utilization
On peppers, the growers reported that the biggest impact on the yield was
seen in the reduction of Phytophthora problems. Phytophthora does well in
the moist, humid environment which is common to sprinkler and furrow
irrigation. Buried drip reduces humid conditions. This is the main reason
that so many pepper growers have switched to subsurface drip irrigation.
With drip irrigation multiple pickings were easier to manage on peppers.
For grower 1, this meant being able to harvest "greens" which was not
possible on the sprinkler irrigated fields. This helped increase the
yield. (On some varieties of peppers, the pepper can be marketed "green or
red").
They were also able to better manage the fertilizer applications through
the drip system. The growers felt that the utilization of fertilizers was
much better by applying the Nitrogen fertilizers through the drip system.
It is possible that Grower 1 was stressing the crop in some areas of the
field. His average applied water use on drip irrigation for peppers was
1.9 AF/A for 2 years of data. Grower 2 average applied water for the drip
irrigated fields was 2.6 AF/A for 3 years of data. However, it is
difficult to compare these two amounts of water just because the growers
both irrigated peppers. The main reasons are because the growers are
located in two different climates (about 250 miles apart along the Central
California Coast) and the varieties of peppers grown were not the same.
***********************
If you are interested, I can send you the expanded version of the paper I
referenced so that you can see the rest of the discussion I culled from my
first post. Please send your request to my email address listed below.
Stuart Styles
sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu
Irrigation Training and Research Center
Cal Poly State University
Date: Mon, 10 Jun 1996 15:10:37 -0700
From: sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Stuart W. Styles)
Subject: Re: response to Stuart Styles efficiency study
>>>Comments from Dean Reynolds:
>>>How do you explain the large difference in "Water Use", I assume
>>>this is applied water? Grower 1 reduced applied water
>>>dramatically and increased yields nearly as much as grower 2. It
>>>appears that grower 1 may have stressed the peppers enough to
>>>cause a yield reduction.
Stuart Styles response:
On these two projects, the volume of water did not appear to be the primary
influence on the yields. The factors that appeared to have a bigger
influence on the yield were:
- reduction of Phytophthora problems
- multiple pickings possible
- improved fertilizer utilization
On peppers, the growers reported that the biggest impact on the yield was
seen in the reduction of Phytophthora problems. Phytophthora does well in
the moist, humid environment which is common to sprinkler and furrow
irrigation. Buried drip reduces humid conditions. This is the main reason
that so many pepper growers have switched to subsurface drip irrigation.
With drip irrigation multiple pickings were easier to manage on peppers.
For grower 1, this meant being able to harvest "greens" which was not
possible on the sprinkler irrigated fields. This helped increase the
yield. (On some varieties of peppers, the pepper can be marketed "green or
red").
They were also able to better manage the fertilizer applications through
the drip system. The growers felt that the utilization of fertilizers was
much better by applying the Nitrogen fertilizers through the drip system.
It is possible that Grower 1 was stressing the crop in some areas of the
field. His average applied water use on drip irrigation for peppers was
1.9 AF/A for 2 years of data. Grower 2 average applied water for the drip
irrigated fields was 2.6 AF/A for 3 years of data. However, it is
difficult to compare these two amounts of water just because the growers
both irrigated peppers. The main reasons are because the growers are
located in two different climates (about 250 miles apart along the Central
California Coast) and the varieties of peppers grown were not the same.
***********************
If you are interested, I can send you the expanded version of the paper I
referenced so that you can see the rest of the discussion I culled from my
first post. Please send your request to my email address listed below.
Stuart Styles
sstyles@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu
Irrigation Training and Research Center
Cal Poly State University
Date: Tue, 11 Jun 1996 01:45:31 GMT
From: rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead)
Subject: Trickle-L update & new member responses
Trickle-L now has ~450 subscribers. We have at least one member from the
Philippines, our newest country representative.
Trickle-L and the Microirrigation Forum web site* were discussed in a nice
two page article in the May '96 issue of the Irrigation Journal. By the
way, the magazine (May '96) also had three articles concerning
microirrigation and I have links to those articles on the MIF "related
links" page.
The Microirrigation Forum web site is receiving about 80 hits/day. I've
added a sixth section to the web page which consists of photos and diagrams
displaying microirrigation related issues. It's not much now, but be sure
to check it out.
Any comments concerning Trickle-L or the Microirrigation Forum, be sure to
contact me at rmead@cybergate.com
Richard Mead
Trickle-L owner/manager
Water Management Research Laboratory
ARS-USDA
Fresno, California USA
* http://www.cybergate.com/~rmead
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following are responses from two new members that have
subscribed to Trickle-L in the past month. There has been at least one other
member responding, but I'll post that one later.
Respondents quotes are in > < and my comments are in ( ).
The first is from Ed Valov (EVALOV@AOL.COM):
1) Briefly, what is your affiliation with trickle/drip irrigation?
>I am a sales rep. for an irrigation company in the south valley, also farm
>row crops.<
2) What crops or plants do you use drip irrigation on?
>Almonds, Grapes, Pistachios, row crops<
3) If using subsurface drip irrigation, what is the average depth of
placement of the drip lateral?
>8 inches on row crops, 18 inches on trees and vines<
4) What problems have you encountered with drip irrigation?
>open ended question<....(sorry Ed..I didn't mean it to be).
5) Fertigation is a real advantage of drip irrigation. What form of N, P
and K have you been trying and to what success?
>Most use Can17 some UN 32<
6) Have you experienced a reduction in fertilizer and/or water use?
>Reduction in use yes, cost no!<
7) Do you have water quality problems? If so, how do you tackle the situation?
>Yes, but again that is a open ended question!< (there I go again..sorry)
8) How frequent do you irrigate? Many times a day or just one long session
per day or several days?
>As a dealer that is hard to say, of coarse high freq is a better way to go
>but effectiveness in a productive situation is difficult to obtain.<
9) Do you have rodent damage? If so, how do you control the problem?
>Yes!!!! ants and gophers Phostoxin twice a year diagonally and around the
>field helps on rodents ants are tough, thicker wall tubing!<
10) Are you pleased with the uniformity of your system or systems? Were
they designed correctly?
>Yes. I design them!<
11) How did you find out about our mailing list?
>Stu Styles, Cal Poly
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The next response from the welcome survey is from Tom Bahr
(TBAHR@WRRI.NMSU.EDU):
1) Briefly, what is your affiliation with trickle/drip irrigation?
>I am Director of the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute
at New Mexico State University and my office has sponsored many
field research projects over the years focusing on irrigation
efficiency. Now for my real affiliation with trickle/drip
irrigation. I just installed a subsurface drip system on my small farm
(very small) and I am now faced with the real world of actually
managing it, not just reading about it.<
2) What crops or plants do you use drip irrigation on?
>I am growing vinifera grapes and pecans. Just a few trees, mostly vines.<
3) If using subsurface drip irrigation, what is the average depth of
placement of the drip lateral?
> I did the trenching myself around mature vines and trees and was
shooting for a depth of 12 inches. Because of large roots getting
in the way I ended up with trenches averaging about 8 inches deep,
some portions as deep as 12 inches and others as shallow as 4 inches.<
4) What problems have you encountered with drip irrigation?
>I have only operated the system for about one month and have
encountered some surface wetting. I'll have a better sense of where
the problems are with more experience.<
5) Fertigation is a real advantage of drip irrigation. What form of N, P and
K have you been trying and to what success?
> I'm injecting 26-0-0-6(s), a urea/sulfuric acid mix via venturi.
Again, I'll have to wait and see how things turn out.<
6) Have you experienced a reduction in fertilizer and/or water use?
>Too early to tell<
7) Do you have water quality problems? If so, how do you tackle the situation?
>I'm pumping directly from a shallow well and the water is highly
mineralized. I'm hoping that my acid/fertilizer injections will
keep the carbonates in solution. I am trying to keep the pH of the
water at 6.5 when the system is on. Although I have not done it yet,
I plan to spike the system, from time to time, down to pH 2. How often is a
question, among others, I'm hoping to find answers to by
subscribing to Trickle-l.<
8) How frequent do you irrigate? Many times a day or just one long session
per day or several days?
>I've been doing one session per day but may break it up into several
smaller sessions to try to get around some of my surface wetting
problems. My calculations are such that at max ET I would need to
irrigate about 4.5 hr per day.<
9) Do you have rodent damage? If so, how do you control the problem?
>I had one gopher strike shortly after I fired up the system. I had
wondered how I might detect such a problem should it occur. Believe
me, it was not difficult. With the system now wet, I'm going to see
if the little SOB's go somewhere else. I'm not sure what I will do
during the winter.<
10) Are you pleased with the uniformity of your system or systems? Were they
designed correctly?
>So far, so good.<
11) How did you find out about our mailing list?
>I was WEB browsing through a climate/irrigation scheduling site on
our campus and saw the link.<
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jun 12 13:20 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 12:08:49 -0500
Message-Id: <199606121708.AA21394@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 523
Contents:
Re: Cost of drip irrigation pipe (EnnisEng@aol.com)
Re: Cost of drip irrigation pipe (cburt@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Charles M. Burt))
Re: SDI Costs (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Re: SDI Costs (EVALOV@aol.com)
New member (Steve Quesenberry <76564.2750@CompuServe.COM>)
Drip/Trickle etc. (Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>)
Drip, Trickle, or Microirrigation???? (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Re: SDI Costs (2nd response) (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Date: Tue, 11 Jun 1996 13:19:20 -0400
From: EnnisEng@aol.com
Subject: Re: Cost of drip irrigation pipe
Did any of you see the article in this month's US Water News that spoke about
drip irrigation in Lubbock, TX?
The article said that the cost of subsurface drip was $500 per acre in
agricultural settings. That is a lot lower than I have heard. Anyone care
to comment?
What have your experiences been?
TIA
Tom Ennis
Ennis Engineering
Date: Tue, 11 Jun 1996 10:55:16 -0700
From: cburt@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Charles M. Burt)
Subject: Re: Cost of drip irrigation pipe
The costs depend a lot on the row spacing (which affects the footage of
tape you need), the quality of filtration, and the design of the manifolds
(what else is news?)
For a first class permanent buried drip system with excellent fertilizer
injection, filtration, high flow rate tape (to minimize plugging), pressure
regulation, a reasonably high DU, and which is designed for adequate
flushing with a manifold (ie, large flushing manifolds, adjustable pressure
regulators, and the ability to raise the tape inlet pressures to 15-20 psi
during flushing), the installed costs are in the $1000 - $1500/acre range,
excluding design costs and the cost of the water supply (ie, well). You
must also add to that the cost of the proper tillage equipment.
You can get the price down with wider row spacings, thin walled tape, no
flushing manifolds, and a short life expectancy of the system. However,
there's a point at which the less expensive systems are also much more
expensive due to lower DU, more hassle, leaks, etc.
>Did any of you see the article in this month's US Water News that spoke about
>drip irrigation in Lubbock, TX?
>
>The article said that the cost of subsurface drip was $500 per acre in
>agricultural settings. That is a lot lower than I have heard. Anyone care
>to comment?
>
>What have your experiences been?
>TIA
>
>Tom Ennis
>Ennis Engineering
Charles M. Burt, P.E., Ph.D.
Professor and Director of the Irrigation Training and Research Center (ITRC)
BioResource and Agricultural Engineering Dept.
California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly)
San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
ph: 805-756-2379
FAX: 805-756-2433
e-mail: cburt@oboe.calpoly.edu
Date: 11 Jun 96 14:14:56 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: SDI Costs
> Dear Tom Ennis
> Ennis Engineering
>
Our KSU estimated costs for a typical setup on field corn is
$570/acre. I think $500/acre migh be possible with some designs.
Freddie Lamm
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 01:09:55 -0400
From: EVALOV@aol.com
Subject: Re: SDI Costs
I have installed a few SDI systems in California on row crops and vineyards.
All I can say is that, "materials and labor must be less expensive in your
area". A good solid filtration system usually runs anywhere from $ 250 to $
400 an acre. Even if you are considering a 4 mil tape, which I wouldn't, but
if you are, your looking at another $ 150 to $ 250 an acre just in materials
alone. On the low side, the system is up to $400 an acre and you still need
mainlines, submains, manifods and valves, not to mention installation.
I think $1000 an acre in most cases is on the low side, $1200 is more likely.
Date: 12 Jun 96 08:54:29 EDT
From: Steve Quesenberry <76564.2750@CompuServe.COM>
Subject: New member
Hi, my name is Steve Quesenberry. I am the Coordinator for the South Jersey
Resource Conservation and Development Council, Inc. My office is in Hammonton,
New Jersey, USA.
I operate a network of Campbell Scientific CM10 weather stations for this
nonprofit organization. The primary purpose is agriculture irrigation
scheduling. A secondary purpose is irrigation scheduling for homeowners, etc.
All collected weather data is presented via a BBS we run.
I am currently working to introduce automated drip irrigation to New Jersey.
The NRCS has just hired an irrigation water management specialist whom I will be
working with on this and other projects.
I have a question for the list. Is the proper term for this type of irrigation
drip or trickle? If there is a difference between the two, please let me know.
Steve Quesenberry
Coordinator, South Jersey RC&D Council
Internet:76564.2750@compuserve.com
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 11:03:41 -0400
From: Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>
Subject: Drip/Trickle etc.
Regarding Steve Quesenberry's question:
>I have a question for the list. Is the proper term for this type of irrigation
drip or trickle? If there is a difference between the two, please let me know.<
The correct international term is "Microirrigation" which includes drip,
trickle,
and microspray irrigation. Trickle is an older term from the late 60's (I
think).
In hindsight, I should have labeled this list "Microirrigation-L",
but, it's too late now.
There is no difference between drip or trickle irrigation as far
as I'm concerned.
Richard Mead
Trickle-L owner/manager
Date: 12 Jun 96 08:38:08 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Drip, Trickle, or Microirrigation????
Reply to Steve Quesenberry:
ASAE uses the one word microirrigation to encompass all three types
of irrigation plus the microspray or microjet sprinklers. Note ASAE
defines it as one word not micro irrigation or the hyphenated
micro-irrigation. However, computer searches need to look for all
three possibilities. Drip and trickle irrigation are still valid
forms of microirrigation, so if it is drip irrigation it is OK to
call it that. I follow Claude Phene's leading with SDI for
subsurface drip irrigation, which is the only form I'm involved with
at present. I don't know the cross over or breakpoint between drip
and trickle. Trickle does not appear to be as heavily used as a term
as it used to be a few years back.
Freddie
*
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
Date: 12 Jun 96 08:27:19 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: SDI Costs (2nd response)
Freddie Lamm response to Trickle-L
BEFORE WE GET IN A WAR OVER COSTS, WE SHOULD AGREE
THAT DESIGNS ARE GOING TO BE VERY SPECIFIC TO EACH
SITUATION. WE DON'T HAVE APPLES AND APPLES TO
COMPARE, SO WE SHOULDN'T DISCOUNT OTHER ESTIMATES,
WITHOUT LOOKING AT THE CONSTRAINTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES.
We have very few producer systems in the Central Great Plains area
but we have been involved in research for 7 years.
Because our crop is not higher value fruits and vegetables,
we are keenly aware and interested in the economics so we are
fairly careful with what we project. So here is how I respond
with $539/acre as our estimated costs for a 160 acre system for
field corn. ECONOMIES OF SCALE ALSO KICK IN.
I won't give all the details but I will show some of the component
costs. Details not shown are related to pipe and pipe fittings
required by all systems.
Filtration needs will be dictated by water source and quality.
Filtration costs will also be affected by system size. While
$250-400/acre may be approporiate for some systems, it would be
excessive for a 160 acre system using Ogallala aquifer water. A
good automated screen filter would cost about $4500 to serve a
typical 160 acre system at a typical capacity.
Our dripline spacing is 5ft to serve two corn rows on 2.5 ft row
spacing. 15 mil drip tape is estimated at about $0.03/ft which gives
$260/acre.
We include a flushing manifold. Producer labor is estimated at
$8.00/hour and tractor time at $7.00/hour. Producer labor does
dripline installation, connections and pipe laying but trenching for
PVC lines is contracted. We have good water quality, a continental
(summer rainfall) semi-arid climate and good deep soils so we do not
design for peak crop water use but we do design for full irrigation
needs. Our design allows for four 40 acre zones which helps reduce
costs also.
WE DO NOT CONSIDER THIS A SUBSTANDARD DESIGN
FOR OUR CIRCUMSTANCES, BUT REALIZE EVERY SITUATION
IS DIFFERENT.
FREDDIE
*
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jun 13 13:32 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 1996 12:20:39 -0500
Message-Id: <199606131720.AA13402@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 524
Contents:
Irrigation Clip-Art (Tom Spofford <tspofford@gw.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov>)
Re: Irrigation Clip-Art (EnnisEng@aol.com)
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 10:16:58 -0700
From: Tom Spofford <tspofford@gw.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov>
Subject: Irrigation Clip-Art
I am in need of some irrigation clip art for some upcoming PowerPoint
presentations. Thomas-M. Stein, operator of Irrigation-L provided a lead
back in March to the Texas Extension server (http:/leviathan.tamu.edu)
with over 2300 cliparts, however I could only locate a couple of generic
ones of any value.
I am looking for a source that might have pipelines, pumps, sprinklers,
micros, filters, etc. pertaining to irrigation. Does anyone have any leads
or have clipart files they would be willing to share? Responses may be
made to the address below if desired.
Tom
Thomas L. Spofford, Irrigation Engineer,
National Water and Climate Center
Water Science and Technology Staff
USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service
101 SW Main St., Suite 1600
Portland, OR 97204
PH (503) 414-3075 / FAX (503) 414-3101
e-mail: tspofford@storm.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 17:17:21 -0400
From: EnnisEng@aol.com
Subject: Re: Irrigation Clip-Art
You might contact Rodney Ruskin of Geoflow. He gave me some ACAD *.dwg files
showing their SDI systems. He is a member of this forum.
Tom Ennis
Ennis Engineering
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jun 14 17:53 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 1996 12:21:16 -0500
Message-Id: <199606141721.AA03206@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 525
Contents:
nitrate in soil water (Jochen.Eberhard@t-online.de (Jochen Eberhard))
Re: nitrate in soil water ("J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>)
CITRIC ACID TO LOWER PH (Louis Baumhardt <r-baumhardt@tamu.edu>)
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 96 12:01 +0100
From: Jochen.Eberhard@t-online.de (Jochen Eberhard)
Subject: nitrate in soil water
Hi,
I have a problem. A few month ago I asked about nitrate concentration in plant
sap for tomatoes. Now I am working at the hypothesis(?) that the nitrate
concentration of the soil water gained with suction lysimeters has a good
correlation with the nitrate in the plant sap.
Is somebody working on the same question or how already found out that this is a
complete nonsens?
I am looking forward to any comment, hint or anything else
Thanks
Jochen Eberhard
SLFA Neustadt - Queckbrunner Hof
Dannstadter Str. 91
67105 Schifferstadt
Germany
Fax: 06235-82741
email: Jochen.Eberhard@t-online.de
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 1996 10:00:43 -0500
From: "J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>
Subject: Re: nitrate in soil water
Tim Hartz, University of CAlifornia, Davis is working on nitrate
concentration in the sap of vegetables. Maybe he would know of someone who
could help you. His e-mail address is hartz@vegmail.ucdavis.edu.
At 05:19 AM 6/14/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Hi,
>I have a problem. A few month ago I asked about nitrate concentration in plant
>sap for tomatoes. Now I am working at the hypothesis(?) that the nitrate
>concentration of the soil water gained with suction lysimeters has a good
>correlation with the nitrate in the plant sap.
>Is somebody working on the same question or how already found out that this
is a
>complete nonsens?
>I am looking forward to any comment, hint or anything else
>
>Thanks
>
>Jochen Eberhard
>SLFA Neustadt - Queckbrunner Hof
>Dannstadter Str. 91
>67105 Schifferstadt
>Germany
>Fax: 06235-82741
>email: Jochen.Eberhard@t-online.de
>
J.D.(Jim) Oster
Dept. of Soil & Env. Sciences
University of California
Riverside, CA 92521
Phone (909)787-5100
FAX (909)787-5522
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 1996 11:17:22 -0500
From: Louis Baumhardt <r-baumhardt@tamu.edu>
Subject: CITRIC ACID TO LOWER PH
Fellow Tricklers:
I wish to benefit from your experiences.
Can citric acid be used to lower water pH and improve nutrient
uptake?
My guess is yes, but I am unfamiliar with potential hazards that
might exist when injecting citric acid in a drip system.
Thanks.
R. Louis Baumhardt, Res. Assoc.
Texas Agric. Exp. Station
Rt. 3 Box219
Lubbock, TX 79401-9757
806-746-6528 FAX
806-746-6101 Voice
r-baumhardt@tamu.edu
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jun 18 00:36 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 17 Jun 1996 08:05:09 -0500
Message-Id: <199606171305.AA03887@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 526
Contents:
Re: nitrate in soil water (sjordan@seldon.terminus.com (Steve Jordan))
Date: Mon, 17 Jun 1996 06:07:34 -0700
From: sjordan@seldon.terminus.com (Steve Jordan)
Subject: Re: nitrate in soil water
>I have a problem. A few month ago I asked about nitrate concentration in plant
>sap for tomatoes. Now I am working at the hypothesis(?) that the nitrate
>concentration of the soil water gained with suction lysimeters has a good
>correlation with the nitrate in the plant sap.
>Is somebody working on the same question or how already found out that this
is a
>complete nonsens?
>
The research I have read about here in California says that soil water
extract is _not_ consistent. It sounds like a wonderful idea, but there is
too much variability. My source, Tim Hartz, University of California Davis.
Steve Jordan @ Second Foundation
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jun 18 09:17 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 18 Jun 1996 08:05:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199606181305.AA29377@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 527
Contents:
Re: nitrate in soil water (cburt@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Charles M. Burt))
Two new subscribers (rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead))
Date: Mon, 17 Jun 1996 09:48:21 -0700
From: cburt@oboe.aix.calpoly.edu (Charles M. Burt)
Subject: Re: nitrate in soil water
>>I have a problem. A few month ago I asked about nitrate concentration in
>>plant
>>sap for tomatoes. Now I am working at the hypothesis(?) that the nitrate
>>concentration of the soil water gained with suction lysimeters has a good
>>correlation with the nitrate in the plant sap.
>>Is somebody working on the same question or how already found out that this
>is a
>>complete nonsens?
>>
>
>The research I have read about here in California says that soil water
>extract is _not_ consistent. It sounds like a wonderful idea, but there is
>too much variability. My source, Tim Hartz, University of California Davis.
>Steve Jordan @ Second Foundation
I have had quite a few discussions with Gideon Gohen of 3 Flags Ranch near
Brawley on the subject. He is a firm believer that soil solution nitrate,
if tracked properly and used in conjunction with petiole analysis, is very
valuable. He has an active program and has done it for years.
Charles M. Burt, P.E., Ph.D.
Professor and Director of the Irrigation Training and Research Center (ITRC)
BioResource and Agricultural Engineering Dept.
California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly)
San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
ph: 805-756-2379
FAX: 805-756-2433
e-mail: cburt@oboe.calpoly.edu
Date: Tue, 18 Jun 1996 03:34:38 GMT
From: rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead)
Subject: Two new subscribers
There have been some new subscribers in the last few weeks. Some have taken
the time to post
their response to the welcome survey. Please excuse my tardiness in posting
their response.
------------ ----------------- ------------------
--------------------
The first new member is Maria del Pino Palacios Diaz
------------ ----------------- ------------------
--------------------
1) Briefly, what is your affiliation with trickle/drip irrigation?
I work in Canary Island as a Associated Professor (Universidad de
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) where almost every crop is irrigated with
surface drip irrigation. Subsurface drip irrigation is seldom used there,
and I've never worked on it.
2) What crops or plants do you use drip irrigation on?
Recently we've started an experience using municipal wastewater to irrigate
banana-plants with surface drip irrigation. I worked too with tomato-plants
2 years ago.
4) What problems have you encountered with drip irrigation?
We have many clogging problems, mainly caused by salinity (in tomato
plants and in other salinity tolerant crops) by suspended solids (in
wastewater reuse) & by bacterium grow.
5)Fertigation is a real advantage of drip irrigation. What form of N, P and
K have you been trying and to what success?
In Canary Island we used fertigation with soluble forms of N,P&K and a
great variety of quantities and frequencies, so with different levels
of success.
6) Have you experienced a reduction in fertilizer and/or water use?
I've worked with fertilizer and water reduction and I've found
that it's possible to use less water and fertilizers than we used. I found
iron nutritional problems two years ago (I'm not sure why), and I've found
salinity effects and loss-yield in some treatments which received less water
quantity than normally used, and sodium effects (we have clay soils).
7) Do you have water quality problems? If so, how do you tackle the situation?
So, yes, of course we have water quality problems!. Immense leaching fraction (I
think that we use too much water), fertigation and salt-tolerant crops (or
desalination plants) are our main solutions. Last year I started to use
soil moisture sensors in order to improve water management.
8) How frequent do you irrigate? Many times a day or just one long session
per day or several days?
I use to irrigate with the same grower's frequency: 3 or 4 days per week.
9) Do you have rodent damage? If so, how do you control the problem?
Rodent damage is not a frequent problem.
10) Are you pleased with the uniformity of your system or systems? Were they
designed correctly?
Uniformity problems are used to be caused by water quality.
11) How did you find out about our mailing list?
Some friends (and co-workers) told me about your mailing list.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
And this one from Tom Bahr
--------------- ------------ --------------
------------ --------------- ------------
1) Briefly, what is your affiliation with trickle/drip irrigation?
I am Director of the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute
at New Mexico State University and my office has sponsored many
field research projects over the years focusing on irrigation
efficiency. Now for my real affiliation with trickle/drip
irrigation. I just installed a subsurface drip system on my small farm
(very small) and I am now faced with the real world of actually
managing it, not just reading about it.
>2) What crops or plants do you use drip irrigation on?
I am growing vinifera grapes and pecans. Just a few trees, mostly vines.
>3) If using subsurface drip irrigation, what is the average depth of
>placement of the drip lateral?
I did the trenching myself around mature vines and trees and was
shooting for a depth of 12 inches. Because of large roots getting
in the way I ended up with trenches averaging about 8 inches deep,
some portions as deep as 12 inches and others as shallow as 4 inches.
>4) What problems have you encountered with drip irrigation?
I have only operated the system for about one month and have
encountered some surface wetting. I'll have a better sense of where
the problems are with more experience.
>5) Fertigation is a real advantage of drip irrigation. What form of N, P and
>K have you been trying and to what success?
I'm injecting 26-0-0-6(s), a urea/sulfuric acid mix via venturi.
Again, I'll have to wait and see how things turn out.
>6) Have you experienced a reduction in fertilizer and/or water use?
Too early to tell.
>7) Do you have water quality problems? If so, how do you tackle the situation?
I'm pumping directly from a shallow well and the water is highly
mineralized. I'm hoping that my acid/fertilizer injections will
keep the carbonates in solution. I am trying to keep the pH of the
water at 6.5 when the system is on. Although I have not done it yet,
I plan to spike the system, from time to time, down to pH 2. How often is a
question, among others, I'm hoping to find answers to by
subscribing to Trickle-l.
>8) How frequent do you irrigate? Many times a day or just one long session
>per day or several days?
I've been doing one session per day but may break it up into several
smaller sessions to try to get around some of my surface wetting
problems. My calculations are such that at max ET I would need to
irrigate about 4.5 hr per day.
>9) Do you have rodent damage? If so, how do you control the problem?
I had one gopher strike shortly after I fired up the system. I had
wondered how I might detect such a problem should it occur. Believe
me, it was not difficult. With the system now wet, I'm going to see
if the little SOB's go somewhere else. I'm not sure what I will do
during the winter.
>10) Are you pleased with the uniformity of your system or systems? Were they
>designed correctly?
So far, so good.
>
11) How did you find out about our mailing list?
I was WEB browsing through a climate/irrigation scheduling site on
our campus and saw the link.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jun 19 09:18 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 1996 08:06:23 -0500
Message-Id: <199606191306.AA29111@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 528
Contents:
Re: CITRIC ACID TO LOWER PH ("Gerard Pothuis" <gpothuis@ECNET.ec>)
Re: nitrate in soil water (sjordan@seldon.terminus.com (Steve Jordan))
Drip vs Spray (EVALOV@aol.com)
Date: Tue, 18 Jun 1996 08:04:12 -500
From: "Gerard Pothuis" <gpothuis@ECNET.ec>
Subject: Re: CITRIC ACID TO LOWER PH
Subject: Re: CITRIC ACID TO LOWER PH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fellow Tricklers:
I wish to benefit from your experiences.
Can citric acid be used to lower water pH and improve nutrient
uptake?
My guess is yes, but I am unfamiliar with potential hazards that
might exist when injecting citric acid in a drip system.
Thanks.
WE DID USE CITRIC ACID TO LOWER THE PH FROM 7.2 TO 6, BUT IT IS RATHER EXPENSIVE
THE RESULT WERE GOOD , SINCE WE GOT A REMARKABLE IMPROVEMENT IN MICRO ELEMENTS UPTAKE.
NOW WE ARE USING NITRIC ACID, WHICH IS CHEAPER, AND A GOOD SOURCE FOR "N".
BEST REGARDS
GERARD POTHUIS
Gerard Pothuis
Internet: gpothuis@pi.pro.ec
Gerard Pothuis
Internet: gpothuis@pi.pro.ec
Date: Tue, 18 Jun 1996 19:56:11 +0000
From: sjordan@seldon.terminus.com (Steve Jordan)
Subject: Re: nitrate in soil water
>>The research I have read about here in California says that soil water
>>extract is _not_ consistent. It sounds like a wonderful idea, but there is
>>too much variability. My source, Tim Hartz, University of California Davis.
>>Steve Jordan @ Second Foundation
>
>I have had quite a few discussions with Gideon Gohen of 3 Flags Ranch near
>Brawley on the subject. He is a firm believer that soil solution nitrate,
>if tracked properly and used in conjunction with petiole analysis, is very
>valuable. He has an active program and has done it for years.
>
I guess that soil solution is better under drip conditions with "spoon fed"
water and fertilizer. My theory (untested) is that there is variability due
to N- conversion and timing problems that are minimized with multiple shots
of fertility.
Thanks for the alternat input. I actually have a ranch right next to 3
flags, and lived in Brawley, pre-college.
Steve Jordan @ Second Foundation
Date: Tue, 18 Jun 1996 23:11:32 -0400
From: EVALOV@aol.com
Subject: Drip vs Spray
I have been involved in some trials of drip to spray conversions in the past
couple of years. "Situation 1", is a 15 year old vineyard in southern Kern
County on a light, sandy soil with (2), 1 gph emitters per vine. "Situation
2", is in 17 year old almonds on double line drip in a heavy, stubburn soil
in Tulare county.
They are both now in the third year of the conversion and seem to be doing
very well, much better than the acreage that was left under drip.
In both cases water and fertilzer application rates were maintained as well
as possible to the drip acerage.
Although for different reasons, I have ideas why the spray systems are doing
well but, I would like to here from others who may have tried this!
Thank you,
Edward Valov
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Jun 20 09:19 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 20 Jun 1996 08:07:33 -0500
Message-Id: <199606201307.AA11251@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 529
Contents:
Re: Drip vs Spray (KUDOFARMS@aol.com)
Drip Designers (Alan Kottwitz <captain@3-cities.com>)
Drip Designers -Reply (Tom Spofford <tspofford@gw.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov>)
Re: Drip Designers (flowers@Rt66.com (wilderness flowers))
Re: Drip vs Spray (Sal Schettino <sals@rain.org>)
Book announcement from R. Clemings (rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead))
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 1996 11:47:29 -0400
From: KUDOFARMS@aol.com
Subject: Re: Drip vs Spray
VALOV I JUST WANTED TO TRY THIS E-MAIL SYSTEM. WHAT IS SPRAY IRRIGATION.
GLAD THE CONVERSION WORKED.
I NEED TO MENTION HOWEVER AN ARGUMENT PRESENTED TO ME SEVERAL YEARS AGO.
OUR CONVERSIONS ,(AS YOU ARE AWARE) HAVE BEEN FROM SPRINKLER AND FLOOD TO
DRIP. AT THE TIME I DISAGREED WITH A CAL POLY GUY ON THE PREFERED IRRIGATION
SYSTEM. HE STATED THAT A PROPERLY DESIGNED AND MANAGED SYSTEM WILL BE EQUAL.
IN OTHER WORDS FLOOD, SPRINKLER, DRIP ARE ALL THE SAME. I NOW AGREE . OUR
CONVERSIONS HAVE BEEN EXTREMELY BENEFICIAL BUT NOT BECAUSE DRIP IS SUPERIOR
TO OTHER METHODS BUT BECAUSE WE ARE BETTER AT THE MANAGEMENT END. I STILL
PREFER DRIP HANDS DOWN FOR MANY REASONS.
TALK TO YOU SOON.
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 1996 08:41:57 -0700
From: Alan Kottwitz <captain@3-cities.com>
Subject: Drip Designers
I would appreciate any assistance anyone may have in locating experienced drip
irrigation designers and/or installation contractors in the following areas of the
country; Minnesota, Maine, Louisiana, and Alabama.
Please E-mail me directly at Captain@3-cities.com
Alan Kottwitz
Boise Cascade Corporation
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 1996 05:08:44 -0700
From: Tom Spofford <tspofford@gw.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov>
Subject: Drip Designers -Reply
Dear Alan,
I took a look in my current copy "Certified Irrigation Specialists' and
Technicians' Directory of The Irrigation Association. The only certified
irrigation designer I could find in the states you listed was Jackie W.
Robbins, Irrigation-Mart Inc, in Rushton, LA at phone (318) 255-1832 or
FAX (318) 255-7572 for Drip/Micro.
The Irrigation Association is constantly giving tests and adding to their
certification lists. I suggest that you contact them with your request.
Phone (703) 573-3551 or FAX (703) 573-1913.
Thomas L. Spofford, Irrigation Engineer
National Water and Climate Center
Water Science and Technology Staff
USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service
101 SW Main St., Suite 1600
Portland, OR 97204
PH (503) 414-3075 / FAX (503) 414-3101
e-mail: tspofford@storm.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 96 16:57:20 MDT
From: flowers@Rt66.com (wilderness flowers)
Subject: Re: Drip Designers
>>Alan
try
dave enyeart
at groaire@aol.com
I would appreciate any assistance anyone may have in locating experienced drip
>irrigation designers and/or installation contractors in the following areas
of the
>country; Minnesota, Maine, Louisiana, and Alabama.
>
>Please E-mail me directly at Captain@3-cities.com
>
>Alan Kottwitz
>Boise Cascade Corporation
>
>
Martin Connaughton
Wilderness Flowers
Flowers@rt66.com
Rt 19 Box 111-D
Santa Fe, NM 87505
505 988 3096
Date: Wed, 19 Jun 1996 15:56:29 -0700 (PDT)
From: Sal Schettino <sals@rain.org>
Subject: Re: Drip vs Spray
The main reason I like drip is no weeds.
At 10:47 AM 6/19/96 -0500, KUDOFARMS@aol.com wrote:
>VALOV I JUST WANTED TO TRY THIS E-MAIL SYSTEM. WHAT IS SPRAY IRRIGATION.
>
>GLAD THE CONVERSION WORKED.
>
> I NEED TO MENTION HOWEVER AN ARGUMENT PRESENTED TO ME SEVERAL YEARS AGO.
> OUR CONVERSIONS ,(AS YOU ARE AWARE) HAVE BEEN FROM SPRINKLER AND FLOOD TO
>DRIP. AT THE TIME I DISAGREED WITH A CAL POLY GUY ON THE PREFERED IRRIGATION
>SYSTEM. HE STATED THAT A PROPERLY DESIGNED AND MANAGED SYSTEM WILL BE EQUAL.
> IN OTHER WORDS FLOOD, SPRINKLER, DRIP ARE ALL THE SAME. I NOW AGREE . OUR
>CONVERSIONS HAVE BEEN EXTREMELY BENEFICIAL BUT NOT BECAUSE DRIP IS SUPERIOR
>TO OTHER METHODS BUT BECAUSE WE ARE BETTER AT THE MANAGEMENT END. I STILL
>PREFER DRIP HANDS DOWN FOR MANY REASONS.
>
>TALK TO YOU SOON.
>
>
Sals@rain.org
also an organic farmers web page at
http://www.rain.org/~sals/my.html
Date: Thu, 20 Jun 1996 04:29:30 GMT
From: rmead@CyberGate.COM (Richard Mead)
Subject: Book announcement from R. Clemings
One of Trickle-L subscribers, Russell Clemings, is an award-winning journalist.
Russell has asked that I post an announcement of his latest book to the
list.
>From our perspective as drip enthusiasts, please note paragraph #4 in his
announcement.
Mr. Clemings has given SDI and drip irrigation researchers such as Dr.
Claude Phene
positive comments and credit. Along these lines, lets keep any comments
concerning
this announcement focused on drip irrigation. Any other comments should be
addressed
to Mr.Clemings personally at >clemings@cris.com<
===========================================================================
NEW BOOK ANNOUNCEMENT:
MIRAGE: The False Promise of Desert Agriculture
by Russell Clemings
Published by Sierra Club Books (1-800-935-1056)
Distributed to the book trade by Random House, Inc.
ISBN: 0-87156-416-5
Excerpts and order forms on the World Wide Web at:
http://www.cris.com/~clemings/mirage.shtml
Once touted as the bright hope for feeding the world's growing
population, desert irrigation now threatens to destroy the very
prosperity it was meant to create. MIRAGE: The False Promise of
Desert Agriculture, by Russell Clemings, is an in depth study of
desert farming that often reads alarmingly like a suspense novel. An
experienced environmental and science reporter, Clemings traces both
the technological and political pathways that twist into the
short-sighted and often calamitous mistakes made both in the United
States and around the world.
In informal prose, Clemings explains how the earth rejects our efforts
to turn a wasteland into Eden. Citing examples as close to home as
California's Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge and the land
surrounding the Colorado River to global reports from countries
including Australia, China, India, Russia and Spain, he reveals that
"there is a price to pay for trying to improve on nature." From salt
and selenium poisoning that can actually kill most crops and cause
deformities in water fowl, to crippling floods of groundwater due to
poor irrigation and over-deforestation, we see how efforts to make the
earth more productive often create a serious backlash.
But more than just an environmental story, MIRAGE is a
political tale. Clemings takes us into the offices and back rooms of
high officials, of senators and presidents who, in a quest for instant
gratification, ignore the far-sighted warnings of experts to achieve
short-term results. We see elaborate plans drawn up despite a lack of
proper funding -- of million dollar projects begun, but never
finished. As an example, Clemings explains how, in an effort to simply
keep the damage created by Hoover Dam, a 49 million dollar initial
investment, from getting any worse, the U.S. government must now spend
over a billion dollars to build and maintain the world's largest
desalting plant.
In the end, Clemings tells us that it is time for a "great leap."
Using proven methods such as drip irrigation, farmers and politicians
alike must learn to cast their old notions aside and embrace new
solutions. If not, they will most certainly find the land poisoned
beyond reclamation and over a century of technological efforts wasted.
At a time when the world grows increasingly dependent upon desert
irrigation, MIRAGE tells a story that we can no longer afford
to ignore.
An excerpt from MIRAGE:
"In the 1990's, we may finally begin to understand that what we
have done to our deserts in the quest for ever-greater quantities of
food carries a hidden cost as well. Irrigation can poison the land and
water, it can cripple birds and make fish toxic, and worst of all, its
undeniable benefits may prove to be fleeting. Like spring, the
blooming of the desert may be temporary; evanescent, like a
mirage."
RUSSELL CLEMINGS is an award-winning environmental and science
reporter for the Fresno Bee in California's San Joaquin
Valley, the world's most prosperous farming region, and is on the
board of directors of the Society of Environmental Journalists.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Jun 21 10:04 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 21 Jun 1996 08:50:39 -0500
Message-Id: <199606211350.AA21072@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 530
Contents:
research cooperation with South Africa ("Joachim Mueller" <MUELLER@495-simon.agrartech.uni-hohenheim.de>)
Date: Fri, 21 Jun 1996 15:52:27 +0100
From: "Joachim Mueller" <MUELLER@495-simon.agrartech.uni-hohenheim.de>
Subject: research cooperation with South Africa
Dear collegues in South Africa:
We are looking for counterparts in South Africa for bilateral
research and development projects concerning soil and water
conservating plant production. Any interest? Please contact me for
detailed information.
Best regards
Joachim Mueller
____________________________________________________
Dr. Joachim Mueller
Hohenheim University
Institute of Agricultural Engineering in the Tropics and Subtropics
Garbenstrasse 9
D-70599 Stuttgart
Germany
Voice: xx49 711 459 3106
Fax: xx49 711 459 3298
e-mail: mueller@ats.uni-hohenheim.de
____________________________________________________
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jun 22 10:04 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 22 Jun 1996 08:51:10 -0500
Message-Id: <199606221351.AA24194@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 531
Contents:
Re: research cooperation with South Africa ("DR JG ANNANDALE (5-22)" <ANNAN@scientia.up.ac.za>)
Date: Sat, 22 Jun 1996 15:41:27 GMT+2
From: "DR JG ANNANDALE (5-22)" <ANNAN@scientia.up.ac.za>
Subject: Re: research cooperation with South Africa
Dear Joachim
We have several water related projects you may be interested in.
One is developing a generic crop model into a user friendly irrigation
scheduling tool. Another looks at water requirements of pastures and
the other is the modelling of irrigation with poor quality water (mainly
gypsiferous) emanating from mines.
I would be interested to hear more from your end.
Regards
John
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Jun 24 11:42 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 24 Jun 1996 10:31:17 -0500
Message-Id: <199606241531.AA04614@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 532
Contents:
Irrigation EIA's (Rex A Brown <rbrown@dial.pipex.sz>)
Date: Mon, 24 Jun 1996 12:15:41 +0200
From: Rex A Brown <rbrown@dial.pipex.sz>
Subject: Irrigation EIA's
Dear Members,
I will shortly be involved (more as an observer) in conducting an =
environmental impact assessment for an expansion of an existing =
irrigation scheme (sprinkler irrigated) here in Swaziland.
I am trying to locate any environmental impact assessments, statements, =
reports or case studies (either via contact persons or companies) that I =
may use as a source of reference.
Any personal experiences in conducting or reveiwing EIA's for irrigation =
projects in general would also be appreciated.
Is there anyone out here who can assist?
Many thanks
Rex
University of Swaziland
PO Luyengo
Luyengo M205
Swaziland
Tel +268 83257
Fax: +268 40629
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Jun 25 11:51 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 25 Jun 1996 10:32:35 -0500
Message-Id: <199606251532.AA17761@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 533
Contents:
HELP! ("Bradley M. M. Smith (512) 245-7846" <BS09@a1.swt.edu>)
Re: Irrigation EIA's ("J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>)
Re: HELP! (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Date: Mon, 24 Jun 1996 10:05:01 -0500 (CDT)
From: "Bradley M. M. Smith (512) 245-7846" <BS09@a1.swt.edu>
Subject: HELP!
I am the Manager of Grounds at Southwest Texas State University in
San Marcos, Texas. We are over the Edwards Aquifer and subject to
both local and regional water drought response measures.
Currently, we have reached the point that NO sprinklers may used...
period. My biggest immediate problem is that I have two sand based
athletic fields that are receiving NO irrigation due to drought
restrictions. I am wanting to find out information about installing
SDI in these existing fields but I don't know of anyone in Texas
that has experience in doing that. Does anyone know of someone that
they can direct me to?
I know there is a lot of discussion on this list about acid
injection into these systems. Our water source is a limestone
aquifer and we have a great deal of calcium in the water. I assume
that it can determined in advance if injection will be needed based
on water sampling data and would need someone that could not only
install the system but also have the knowledge base to address these
types of issues.
I know that we have a larger problem in terms of education and this
list has been quite helpful to me in that regard. I have been in
communication with other list participants and have gotten some very
useful information from those of you in CA who have already been
down this road. I have been able to use that here in our situation
and am very grateful for the help... but I'm asking for it again!
Thanks in advance!
Brad Smith
bs09@swt.edu
Date: Mon, 24 Jun 1996 10:35:34 -0500
From: "J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>
Subject: Re: Irrigation EIA's
I will send you two review articles which may be helpful.At 10:29 AM 6/24/96
-0500, you wrote:
>Dear Members,
>
>I will shortly be involved (more as an observer) in conducting an =
>environmental impact assessment for an expansion of an existing =
>irrigation scheme (sprinkler irrigated) here in Swaziland.
>
>I am trying to locate any environmental impact assessments, statements, =
>reports or case studies (either via contact persons or companies) that I =
>may use as a source of reference.
>
>Any personal experiences in conducting or reveiwing EIA's for irrigation =
>projects in general would also be appreciated.
>
>Is there anyone out here who can assist?
>
>Many thanks
>
>Rex
>
>University of Swaziland
>PO Luyengo
>Luyengo M205
>Swaziland
>
>Tel +268 83257
>Fax: +268 40629
>
>
J.D.(Jim) Oster
Dept. of Soil & Env. Sciences
University of California
Riverside, CA 92521
Phone (909)787-5100
FAX (909)787-5522
Date: 25 Jun 96 09:21:31 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: HELP!
You should contact Joe Hengeller at TAMU at Fort Stockton. He has
SDI Experience on Alfalfa.
> Date: 24-Jun-1996 10:32:46 -0500
> Reply-to: trickle-l@unl.edu
> From: trickle-l@unl.edu
> To: trickle-l@unl.edu (Multiple recipients of list)
> Subject: HELP!
> I am the Manager of Grounds at Southwest Texas State University in
> San Marcos, Texas. We are over the Edwards Aquifer and subject to
> both local and regional water drought response measures.
>
> Currently, we have reached the point that NO sprinklers may used...
> period. My biggest immediate problem is that I have two sand based
> athletic fields that are receiving NO irrigation due to drought
> restrictions. I am wanting to find out information about installing
> SDI in these existing fields but I don't know of anyone in Texas
> that has experience in doing that. Does anyone know of someone that
> they can direct me to?
>
> I know there is a lot of discussion on this list about acid
> injection into these systems. Our water source is a limestone
> aquifer and we have a great deal of calcium in the water. I assume
> that it can determined in advance if injection will be needed based
> on water sampling data and would need someone that could not only
> install the system but also have the knowledge base to address these
> types of issues.
>
> I know that we have a larger problem in terms of education and this
> list has been quite helpful to me in that regard. I have been in
> communication with other list participants and have gotten some very
> useful information from those of you in CA who have already been
> down this road. I have been able to use that here in our situation
> and am very grateful for the help... but I'm asking for it again!
>
> Thanks in advance!
>
> Brad Smith
> bs09@swt.edu
>
>
>
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Jun 26 12:36 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 26 Jun 1996 11:23:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199606261623.AA17548@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 534
Contents:
Re: HELP! (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
("Johan Smit" <smit.js@pixie.co.za>)
("Johan Smit" <smit.js@pixie.co.za>)
Date: Tue, 25 Jun 1996 10:32:03 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: HELP!
At 10:34 AM 6/24/96 -0500, Bradley M. M. Smith (512) 245-7846 wrote:
> I am the Manager of Grounds at Southwest Texas State University in
> San Marcos, Texas. We are over the Edwards Aquifer and subject to
> both local and regional water drought response measures.
>
> Currently, we have reached the point that NO sprinklers may used...
> period. My biggest immediate problem is that I have two sand based
> athletic fields that are receiving NO irrigation due to drought
> restrictions. I am wanting to find out information about installing
> SDI in these existing fields but I don't know of anyone in Texas
> that has experience in doing that. Does anyone know of someone that
> they can direct me to?
>
> I know there is a lot of discussion on this list about acid
> injection into these systems. Our water source is a limestone
> aquifer and we have a great deal of calcium in the water. I assume
> that it can determined in advance if injection will be needed based
> on water sampling data and would need someone that could not only
> install the system but also have the knowledge base to address these
> types of issues.
>
> I know that we have a larger problem in terms of education and this
> list has been quite helpful to me in that regard. I have been in
> communication with other list participants and have gotten some very
> useful information from those of you in CA who have already been
> down this road. I have been able to use that here in our situation
> and am very grateful for the help... but I'm asking for it again!
>
> Thanks in advance!
>
> Brad Smith
> bs09@swt.edu
>
>
Brad,
There are two schools in Texas with SDI on playing fields using ROOTGUARD
products. These are Water Valley School, Garden City and Forsan School,
Forsan.
For general advice and information I would suggest that you contact CIT and
the California State University at Fresno.(209 278-2066 Fax: 6033)
In a direct communication I will advise you on designers and dealers.
Rodney Ruskin.
Date: Wed, 26 Jun 1996 08:25:31 +0000
From: "Johan Smit" <smit.js@pixie.co.za>
Subject:
unsubscribe js000021@pixie.co.za
Date: Wed, 26 Jun 1996 08:25:31 +0000
From: "Johan Smit" <smit.js@pixie.co.za>
Subject:
unsubscribe js000021@pixie.co.za
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Jun 29 12:47 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 1996 11:36:41 -0500
Message-Id: <199606291636.AA12776@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 535
Contents:
Re: research cooperation with South Africa (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 1996 09:31:37 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: research cooperation with South Africa
At 8:33 AM 6/22/96 -0500, DR JG ANNANDALE (5-22) wrote:
>Dear Joachim
>
>We have several water related projects you may be interested in.
.............and the other is the modelling of irrigation with poor quality
water (mainly gypsiferous) emanating from mines.
>
>I would be interested to hear more from your end.
>
>Regards
>
>John
I remember work was done by Agriplas with drip irrigation on grass on mine
dumps in the early seventies. Charel van Schoor and Hugo Grobelaar may
recall the details. Charel is now M.D. of S.A.Dried Fruit, P. O. Box 508,
Wellington 7657
Tel: 2211 31101 Fax: 33112. I believe that Charel is in contact with Hugo.
With the new developments of SDI it is possible that the advantage of the
dripline not drying out, hence reducing if not eliminating the risk of
precipitation, will make drip a practical tool.
The S.A. licensee for the ROOTGUARD technology whereby Treflan is fused
into the emitters to prevent root intrusion, is Andrag in Bellville. I
suggest that you contact Keith Miller.
Regards,
Rodney Ruskin.
End of Digest
Prepared by Steve Modena, AB4EL
Suggestions and comments to: modena@SunSITE.unc.edu