TRICKLE-L: 199608XX
is the compilation of discussion during Aug 96
via AB4EL Web Digests @ SunSITE
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Aug 1 10:08 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 08:54:43 -0500
Message-Id: <199608011354.AA20004@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 554
Contents:
hops and pepper irrigation (Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>)
Date: Thu, 01 Aug 1996 15:04:59 -0700
From: Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>
Subject: hops and pepper irrigation
Hello!
This is my first time to participate in Trickle-L discussion group. I'm
working on Hop institute in Zalec in Slovenia. For those who doesn't
know where Slovenia is I think it'll be good orientation if I say that
our neighbors are Italy, Austria, Hungry and Croatia. Just for
information for those who have problems with new small states in Europe.
I didn't answer on introduction questions because too many questions
will be empty. I'm the beginner in irrigation practice and especially
with SDI. In this year I'm started with simple field trial with SDI in
hops. With time I'm learning about the SDI and irrigation. Because our
institution is small I must cover many others soil related problems. I
haven't enough time to dedicate explaining the irrigation problems. This
discussion group helps me a lot to learning quickly. Today I decide to
use advantages of discussion group and ask several questions. I hope
I'll get usefulness information and clear some problems:
1. First of all I'd like to ask if someone could explain me how
scheduling irrigation with tensiometers and maintain 50% of available
soil water. In my case (loam texture soil) tensiometer range cover
approximately only 70% of available water content. Soil water tension at
50% of available water is approximately 0.3 M Pa or 3 bar. In many cases
I saw recommendations to maintain 50% of soil available water and
scheduling irrigation with tensiometers. When you irrigated with
sprinkler I imagine that tensiometer helps to determine "field capacity
point" but with drip practise I lost the link.
2. I'd like to ask if someone be so nice and describe me some general
properties in SDI in hops ( irrigation frequency, which water content
maintain etc., how deep are buried laterals, etc.)
3. Finally I'd like to ask you about sweet pepper water requirements
(which water content range is preferable).
I hope you will excuse me may grammar and other mistakes.
With best regards
Matej Knapic
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Aug 2 10:07 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 1996 08:55:31 -0500
Message-Id: <199608021355.AA17071@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 555
Contents:
MATEJ KNAPIC - SLOVENIA (Irrometer@aol.com)
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (tdoerge@ag.Arizona.EDU (Tom Doerge))
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (HOPSRME@aol.com)
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 12:49:18 -0400
From: Irrometer@aol.com
Subject: MATEJ KNAPIC - SLOVENIA
I will try to add some information concerning his questions on the
use of tensiometers with SDI. There is always some danger in
soil terminology used to characterize a given soil as "LOAM",
"SILT LOAM" , ETC. I'm no soil scientist, but I have not come
across a "loam" soil which had a soil suction value of 3 Bars
at 50% Available Water. My principal references would be
Agronomy No. 11 Fig. 30--2, Water Retention Curves For
Several Soils (Richards, Marsh and Taylor), and Irrigation
Scheduling by Hargreves and Samani (1991). The soil which
is described by Mr. Knapic looks more like a very heavy (Delta)
CLAY. Thus, it is very important, when you are intent on using
a percent available rule of thumb for a given soil, to be very sure
as to what the soil water retention/depletion curve looks like for
that given soil.
Nonetheless, the percent available/depleted rule of thumb is
well entrenched in irrigation scheduling. Every thing I've been
taught about drip irrigation (microirrigation) tells me that this
irrigation method calls for short, frequent irrigation events. Soil
water is not permitted to deplete beyond the 20-25% level before
it is restored to field capacity. Essentially microirrigation ignores
the soil as a "reservoir", and calls for frequent reestablishment
of field capacity. Thus, even in the case of LOAM SOILS (using
the above references) you'd be looking at a soil suction value
of no more that 50 kPa--well within the working range of a
tensiometer. I've not seen suggestions that irrigation with
microirrigation be withheld until the 50% available water depletion
level is reached. I've seen it in practice with drip irrigation, but
the result was far below best yield and quality.
But, with conventional sprinkler and surface irrigation, depending
on the sensitivity of the crop, a 35-50% available water depletion
level can work quite nicely. (SDI Agronomists----HELP).
If anyone needs further information on the references which I
use, let me know and I will furnish further detail.
Regards, Bill Pogue, Irrometer Company, Inc. (Still Learning)
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 10:03:26 -0700
From: tdoerge@ag.Arizona.EDU (Tom Doerge)
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
Dear Matej,
We have been using tensiometers for irrigation scheduling with vegetable and
other field crops for about 8-9 years. Our conditions here in the arid
southwestern United States will obviously be different from your location in
Europe. However, I will give you our answer to your first question. I am
talking in the third person because several people have contributed much to
my understanding of how to use tensiometers properly in subsurface drip
irrigated systems, notably Peter Wierenga, Jerome Pier and Tom Thompson.
Our approach is to maintain an optimum soil water tension in the root volume
of the crop for the entire season. In general terms, this is usually just
slightly drier than the so-called "field capacity" of the soil. We do not
use tensiometer readings to indicate a "trigger" point where another
irrigation event should be initiated. Instead, we irrigate every day unless
rain or cold weather dictates that no water is needed. If soil water is
drying below our optimum level, we simply increase the amount of water
applied that day, by increasing the minutes of run time accordingly.
Likewise we reduce the watering time if the soil is too wet. Therefore,
throughout the season we are constantly evaluating how much daily applied
water is needed to maintain an optimum level of soil water tension at a
depth of 30 cm below the soil surface and just adjacent to the drip tape
(which we normally place at 15 to 20 cm depth). We have consistently found
that this location corresponds to the center of the active root zone
regardless of the annual crop being grown.
We have identified the following optimum tensions: leaf lettuce 6 KPa,
watermelon 7 KPa, broccoli, cauliflower, mustard and collard 10 KPa. These
optimum values were developed on a sandy loam soil. With this approach we
have been able to consistently achieve outstanding crop yields and quality
and very modest losses of nitrate below the rooting zone, which unde our
conditions rarely goes below about 45 cm.
Best of luck in your work.
Tom Doerge
Extension Soils Specialist
The University of Arizona
United States
******************************************************************************
>Hello!
>
>This is my first time to participate in Trickle-L discussion group. I'm
>working on Hop institute in Zalec in Slovenia. For those who doesn't
>know where Slovenia is I think it'll be good orientation if I say that
>our neighbors are Italy, Austria, Hungry and Croatia. Just for
>information for those who have problems with new small states in Europe.
>I didn't answer on introduction questions because too many questions
>will be empty. I'm the beginner in irrigation practice and especially
>with SDI. In this year I'm started with simple field trial with SDI in
>hops. With time I'm learning about the SDI and irrigation. Because our
>institution is small I must cover many others soil related problems. I
>haven't enough time to dedicate explaining the irrigation problems. This
>discussion group helps me a lot to learning quickly. Today I decide to
>use advantages of discussion group and ask several questions. I hope
>I'll get usefulness information and clear some problems:
>1. First of all I'd like to ask if someone could explain me how
>scheduling irrigation with tensiometers and maintain 50% of available
>soil water. In my case (loam texture soil) tensiometer range cover
>approximately only 70% of available water content. Soil water tension at
>50% of available water is approximately 0.3 M Pa or 3 bar. In many cases
>I saw recommendations to maintain 50% of soil available water and
>scheduling irrigation with tensiometers. When you irrigated with
>sprinkler I imagine that tensiometer helps to determine "field capacity
>point" but with drip practise I lost the link.
>2. I'd like to ask if someone be so nice and describe me some general
>properties in SDI in hops ( irrigation frequency, which water content
>maintain etc., how deep are buried laterals, etc.)
>3. Finally I'd like to ask you about sweet pepper water requirements
>(which water content range is preferable).
>
>I hope you will excuse me may grammar and other mistakes.
>
>With best regards
>Matej Knapic
>
>
Dr. Tom Doerge phone: 520-621-1138
Soil, Water and Environmental Science Dept. FAX: 520-621-1647
University of Arizona email: tdoerge@ag.arizona.edu
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 18:42:48 -0400
From: HOPSRME@aol.com
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
Matej,
Hello, my name is Eric Desmarais and I raise hops in Yakima, WA. We have
about 400 acres under drip irrigation. When we originally started we thought
that SDI would be the ultimate solution, but, what we have found is that we
can raise a better crop with LESS water when the tube is on the surface. We
use all Netafim RAM tubing. We have had some successes with it buried, but
much depends on the soil type and variety. On the yards we have it buried we
have experimented at depths of 14 inches and about 6-8 inches. Both have
their drawbacks. More root intrusion at the shallower depths, but much
longer "on" times were required at the deeper depths.
There are several thousand acres of hops in the Yakima Valley being farmed
under drip irrigation and the general consensus is that the tube needs to be
on the surface.
Eric
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 16:45:10 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
At 8:46 AM 8/1/96 -0500, Matej Knapic wrote:
>Hello!
>
>This is my first time to participate in Trickle-L discussion group. I'm
>working on Hop institute in Zalec in Slovenia. For those who doesn't
>know where Slovenia is I think it'll be good orientation if I say that
>our neighbors are Italy, Austria, Hungry and Croatia. Just for
>information for those who have problems with new small states in Europe.
>I didn't answer on introduction questions because too many questions
>will be empty. I'm the beginner in irrigation practice and especially
>with SDI. In this year I'm started with simple field trial with SDI in
>hops. With time I'm learning about the SDI and irrigation. Because our
>institution is small I must cover many others soil related problems. I
>haven't enough time to dedicate explaining the irrigation problems. This
>discussion group helps me a lot to learning quickly. Today I decide to
>use advantages of discussion group and ask several questions. I hope
>I'll get usefulness information and clear some problems:
>1. First of all I'd like to ask if someone could explain me how
>scheduling irrigation with tensiometers and maintain 50% of available
>soil water. In my case (loam texture soil) tensiometer range cover
>approximately only 70% of available water content. Soil water tension at
>50% of available water is approximately 0.3 M Pa or 3 bar. In many cases
>I saw recommendations to maintain 50% of soil available water and
>scheduling irrigation with tensiometers. When you irrigated with
>sprinkler I imagine that tensiometer helps to determine "field capacity
>point" but with drip practise I lost the link.
>2. I'd like to ask if someone be so nice and describe me some general
>properties in SDI in hops ( irrigation frequency, which water content
>maintain etc., how deep are buried laterals, etc.)
>3. Finally I'd like to ask you about sweet pepper water requirements
>(which water content range is preferable).
>
>I hope you will excuse me may grammar and other mistakes.
>
>With best regards
>Matej Knapic
There are several large successful commercial hop SDI systems in Washington
State. Generally these are buried at 45 cm. deep and 45 cm from the plant
row. Irrigation water is applied in several pulses per day.
The Washington State University has a SDI research plot where they were
investigaing the application of systemics. Please contact:
Robert G. Evans
Wyatt W. Cone
Washington State University
Rt. 2, Box 2953-A
Prosser, WA 99350-9687
509 786-2226 Fax: 509 786-4635
Rodney Ruskin
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 1996 17:34:09 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
At 5:34 PM 8/1/96 -0500, HOPSRME@aol.com wrote:
>Matej,
>
>Hello, my name is Eric Desmarais and I raise hops in Yakima, WA. We have
>about 400 acres under drip irrigation. When we originally started we thought
>that SDI would be the ultimate solution, but, what we have found is that we
>can raise a better crop with LESS water when the tube is on the surface. We
>use all Netafim RAM tubing. We have had some successes with it buried, but
>much depends on the soil type and variety. On the yards we have it buried we
>have experimented at depths of 14 inches and about 6-8 inches. Both have
>their drawbacks. More root intrusion at the shallower depths, but much
>longer "on" times were required at the deeper depths.
>
>There are several thousand acres of hops in the Yakima Valley being farmed
>under drip irrigation and the general consensus is that the tube needs to be
>on the surface.
>
>Eric
Sorry Eric,
You bought the wrong system from an Israeli company and and applied it
incorrectly.
Bury it deep (18"), pulse the system with short pulses, fertilize through
the system, and use the U.S. dripline guaranteed against root intrusion
(ROOTGUARD invented by your neighbours Battelle PNW Labs., Richland,
Washington) and you will outperform surface drip every time.
Contact Muffett & Sons
7560 Yakima Valley Hwy.
Zillah WA 98953
509 877-2489 Fax: 877-2621
to see SDI on hops which works
Rodney
geoflow1@slip.net
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Aug 3 22:32 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 3 Aug 1996 21:20:22 -0500
Message-Id: <199608040220.AA09519@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 556
Contents:
Re: Ionized water and SDI on vines (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Sat, 3 Aug 1996 19:09:53 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: Ionized water and SDI on vines
At 10:39 PM 7/29/96 -0500, LodiCraig@aol.com wrote:
>This is interesting stuff to me. I would enjoy a couple of clarifications:
>
>In a message dated 96-07-29 15:01:12 EDT, you write:
>
>>Jim Murphy of Murphy-Goode Vineyards in Sonoma County advised me that he
>>has achieved surprisingly good results in a test of ionized water for SDI
>>irrigation of grape vines which are suffering from phylloxera. He said that
>>the vines showed a considerable increase in vigor and a meaningful
>>reduction in the effects of the phylloxera.
>
>1. What is the method of ionization? Is it high intensity U.V. light
>treatment?
>
>2. We have seen similiar results after installing S.D.I. and commencing
>fertigation, but no ionization. Does Mr. Murphy have one or multiple
>untreated control blocks?
>
>3. Is this the first year of ionized water application? We had an unusually
>high vigor spring ... the timing of rains and spring temperatures made for
>very vigorous vineyards ... it took the rest of this summer and extensive
>leaf pulling to get the vines back into balance.
>
>Cheers,
>Craig Thompson
Craig,
The ionization is by a magnetic field.
Jim Murphy has several hundred acres under SDI and always fertilizes
through the system. So all the rest of his ranch was untreated control.
This is his first season to test ionized water.
I think that it is interesting but much to my surprise no-one else on
Trickle-l except you has shown any interest. Maybe I should post the
question again after the summer.
Rodney
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Aug 4 22:32 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 4 Aug 1996 21:20:28 -0500
Message-Id: <199608050220.AA17331@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 557
Contents:
Re: Magnets (Merriott@aol.com)
Re: Magnets (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Sun, 4 Aug 1996 20:29:09 -0400
From: Merriott@aol.com
Subject: Re: Magnets
This may be slightly off topic and only anecdotal, but my Dad has some
special magnetic kneepads that he wears on his knees at night, and he swears
it helps ease his arthritis. He says that the medical profession outside the
U.S. uses magnets in treating several different diseases.
Randall Merriott
Date: Sun, 4 Aug 1996 19:14:22 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: Magnets
At 7:27 PM 8/4/96 -0500, Merriott@aol.com wrote:
>This may be slightly off topic and only anecdotal, but my Dad has some
>special magnetic kneepads that he wears on his knees at night, and he swears
>it helps ease his arthritis. He says that the medical profession outside the
>U.S. uses magnets in treating several different diseases.
>
>Randall Merriott
Yes, there is a parallel both in the unexpected effects and the reaction
of the professionals in the field. Of course in both cases it may just be a
perception of the observer and the improvement may have come from some
unrelated cause and not truly caused by the magnets. Maybe you could
persude your Dad to wear the magnets on only one knee!
Rodney.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Aug 5 22:32 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 5 Aug 1996 21:20:37 -0500
Message-Id: <199608060220.AA09293@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 558
Contents:
Re: Magnets (Robert Carian <grapegrower@earthlink.net>)
Date: Mon, 5 Aug 96 18:10:44 -0800
From: Robert Carian <grapegrower@earthlink.net>
Subject: Re: Magnets
@ 5 years age, on a trip to Isreal, I obtained a water treatment device
consisting of magnets. @ a 1.5" inlet and outlet works for @ 5-7 acres
of drip irrigation. I tried the device fro @ 2 years on a vineyard with
no noticable effect. I have since removed the device. I've been
recently told that if I were to reinstall the device on a ranch of high
alkaline water, I would see dramatic results. Anyone out there have
knowledge of this? I can get the manufactuer name off the device if it
would help.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Aug 6 22:33 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 6 Aug 1996 21:20:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199608070220.AA02522@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 559
Contents:
Re: Magnets (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (HOPSRME@aol.com)
Re: Magnets ("J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>)
Re: hops and pepper irrigation (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Mon, 5 Aug 1996 21:00:16 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: Magnets
At 8:02 PM 8/5/96 -0500, Robert Carian wrote:
>@ 5 years age, on a trip to Isreal, I obtained a water treatment device
>consisting of magnets. @ a 1.5" inlet and outlet works for @ 5-7 acres
>of drip irrigation. I tried the device fro @ 2 years on a vineyard with
>no noticable effect. I have since removed the device. I've been
>recently told that if I were to reinstall the device on a ranch of high
>alkaline water, I would see dramatic results. Anyone out there have
>knowledge of this? I can get the manufactuer name off the device if it
>would help.
Thank you for your input.
To the best of my knowledge Murphy-Goode water is good and slightly acidic
due to added fertilizers.
The problem is that there are anecdotal reports of successes and other
reports of failures. There are no scientific replicated tests of which I
am aware. That is why I am trying to generate enough interest to get
serious trials going evaluating the various factors which may be relevant,
such as alkiline vs. acidic waters.
Rodney Ruskin
geoflow1@slip.net
Date: Tue, 6 Aug 1996 00:50:17 -0400
From: HOPSRME@aol.com
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
Rodney,
While SDI has been quite successful in many other crops, it has not enjoyed
the same successes in hops. Yes, there are yards that do well, but, many
growers who have experimented with SDI over the last ten years are now either
"reclaiming" their tube and putting it on the surface or abandoning it
altogether because of the cost involved in bringing it back to the surface.
While root intrusion is a concern it is a very minor one. We are generally
able to control it through chemicals and not deficit irrigating. The main
concern is the growth of the hops, they are NOT as vigourous and definitely
grow much slower.
We hire a third-party consultant who takes moisture readings weekly at the 1
foot, 2 foot, and 3 foot level, and have tried every conceivable irrigation
scheduling on our SDI yards with the same results. We also use weekly
petiole sampling to make sure our fertigating is on target.
I don't claim to speak for all growers in the state, but, many, many, acres
of tube have been lifted to the surface in the last year, and I have first
-hand knowledge of many more acres next year. I know of virtually no growers
in the state who are actively burying their tube at 18 inches. These are my
observations from a growers stand point.
Eric
Date: Tue, 6 Aug 1996 11:22:47 -0500
From: "J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>
Subject: Re: Magnets
I have had a soil physical chemist review the claims made for magnetic
treatment of water. I asked whether there was any physical principle which
could be operating to cause a treatment effect. The answer was no there was
not.
When one places water into a high intensity magnet, like ones used in a
nuclear magnetic resonance machine, the water dipoles will align with the
magnetic field. Their realignment back into a random distribution occurs in
a very short portion of one second after the magnetic field is turned off.
It is this change in dipole alignment which makes the nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) machine useful for chemical diagnosis.
Also, one would not expect a magnetic field to have have a lasting effect
(greater than about one second) on the physical properties of dissolved ions
in the water. At 10:55 PM 8/5/96 -0500, you wrote:
>At 8:02 PM 8/5/96 -0500, Robert Carian wrote:
>>@ 5 years age, on a trip to Isreal, I obtained a water treatment device
>>consisting of magnets. @ a 1.5" inlet and outlet works for @ 5-7 acres
>>of drip irrigation. I tried the device fro @ 2 years on a vineyard with
>>no noticable effect. I have since removed the device. I've been
>>recently told that if I were to reinstall the device on a ranch of high
>>alkaline water, I would see dramatic results. Anyone out there have
>>knowledge of this? I can get the manufactuer name off the device if it
>>would help.
>
>Thank you for your input.
>To the best of my knowledge Murphy-Goode water is good and slightly acidic
>due to added fertilizers.
>The problem is that there are anecdotal reports of successes and other
>reports of failures. There are no scientific replicated tests of which I
>am aware. That is why I am trying to generate enough interest to get
>serious trials going evaluating the various factors which may be relevant,
>such as alkiline vs. acidic waters.
>
>Rodney Ruskin
>geoflow1@slip.net
>
>
>
J.D.(Jim) Oster
Dept. of Soil & Env. Sciences
University of California
Riverside, CA 92521
Phone (909)787-5100
FAX (909)787-5522
Date: Tue, 6 Aug 1996 16:56:11 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: hops and pepper irrigation
At 11:39 PM 8/5/96 -0500, HOPSRME@aol.com wrote:
>Rodney,
>
>While SDI has been quite successful in many other crops, it has not enjoyed
>the same successes in hops. Yes, there are yards that do well, but, many
>growers who have experimented with SDI over the last ten years are now either
>"reclaiming" their tube and putting it on the surface or abandoning it
>altogether because of the cost involved in bringing it back to the surface.
>
>While root intrusion is a concern it is a very minor one. We are generally
>able to control it through chemicals and not deficit irrigating. The main
>concern is the growth of the hops, they are NOT as vigourous and definitely
>grow much slower.
>
>We hire a third-party consultant who takes moisture readings weekly at the 1
>foot, 2 foot, and 3 foot level, and have tried every conceivable irrigation
>scheduling on our SDI yards with the same results. We also use weekly
>petiole sampling to make sure our fertigating is on target.
>
>I don't claim to speak for all growers in the state, but, many, many, acres
>of tube have been lifted to the surface in the last year, and I have first
>-hand knowledge of many more acres next year. I know of virtually no growers
>in the state who are actively burying their tube at 18 inches. These are my
>observations from a growers stand point.
>
>Eric
>
>
Eric,
I have spoken with other growers and there is no doubt that the industry as
a whole is not getting the results which we would expect. Getting equal
results with SDI is not good enough, one must get at least a 10% increase
in yield or quality to make it worthwhile. I have also spoken with Dr.
Claude Phene and he and I are planning to come up to Washington from August
28 to 30th to talk with growers and try to find if there is any good reason
why hops are not performing as well as other crops. I hope that you will be
willing and able to meet with us. Please send me your phone number by
e-mail directly to geoflow1@slip.net
Rodney.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Aug 7 22:33 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 7 Aug 1996 21:21:19 -0500
Message-Id: <199608080221.AA24415@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 560
Contents:
Re: Ionized water and SDI on vines (LodiCraig@aol.com)
Date: Wed, 7 Aug 1996 01:29:53 -0400
From: LodiCraig@aol.com
Subject: Re: Ionized water and SDI on vines
To Rodney and all:
In a message dated 96-08-03 22:14:19 EDT, you write:
<< I think that it is interesting but much to my surprise no-one else on
Trickle-l except you has shown any interest. Maybe I should post the
question again after the summer.
>>
I don't expect much activity on-line from most of the farming community for
the next month or two. I suspect that most of us farmers are harvesting, the
academics are on summer vacation, and the irrigation professionals are
taking a breath from a very busy summer ... but that won't last for long.
We are just launching the earliest grape harvest in my experience.
Cheers,
Craig
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Aug 8 22:35 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 8 Aug 1996 21:21:45 -0500
Message-Id: <199608090221.AA17635@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 561
Contents:
Re: Magnets (GroAire@aol.com)
Date: Thu, 8 Aug 1996 19:56:29 -0400
From: GroAire@aol.com
Subject: Re: Magnets
Of the growers that I see who use magnets; the ones that bebefit the most are
the ones who have high levels of calcium carbonates (lime or scale). I have
see it unplug drip systems that were scaled up and descale evaporartive pads
in greenhouses. I have also used them fero iron bacteria treatment in organic
installations. In another5 area I have a grower protecting his galvanized
fittings from deterioation from magnesium in the water. Typically,
galvanizing only lasts 30 days and these have been in place for 18 months
Dave Enyeart
GroAire
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Aug 10 15:15 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 10 Aug 1996 14:03:36 -0500
Message-Id: <199608101903.AA23496@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 562
Contents:
Re: hops and drip irrigation (HOPSRME@aol.com)
Date: Sat, 10 Aug 1996 14:58:29 -0400
From: HOPSRME@aol.com
Subject: Re: hops and drip irrigation
To all,
I have watched the ongoing discussion about subsurface vs above ground drip
system with interest and felt it was time I added a few comments.
Like Eric we also are hop farmers and have been involved with drip on a very
active basis for 10 yrs and had our first buried system 15 years ago. We
have seen the techology of drip irrigation come a long way from the concepts
of the past evolve to the practical solutions of today.
We, like Eric, a neighbor and friend, started off with most of our systems
below ground. They were buried at around 45 cm with some tests at 60-70 cm
and some at 15-20 cm. We have ran long sets and high frequency, 12 times
per day. We made many trips to Calif UC Davis, to see the birth place of
modern buried drip. We sat through my hours of charts and grafts showing
the advantages of SDI. We also made trips to Arizona to see Sundance farms,
major inovators of SDI. We were converts. Through the years all the
buried systems did very well. The yields were very good and in some cases
better. We still to this day have buried systems that function well after 6
years in the ground.
The problem we ran into, was the soil varability in our area. We have
large drip sets ranging from 8 - 15 acres per set. With the below ground
systems, the hydraulics of the different soils caused us problems getting a
uniform wetting pattern. Granted part of this was design flaws. We use 40
inch spacing and probally should have used a closer spacing for SDI. We
should also have used smaller sets to work around the soil varability.
Never the less, we have moved away from SDI in favor of above ground. We
have found out that as our acreage of drip grew it took more and more
management for the SDI systems. It became difficult to find qualified
people for this kind of work. We only raise one crop a year and irrigate for
alittle over 4 months a year. What do you do with all that management off
season??. WIth our ability to accomodate above ground systems we have
elected to standardize on above ground. Above ground is easier to manage and
uses less water. This less water issue is something of interest to myself.
It goes against everything I read. It is well documented in our case and
many others. A discussion of this might be an interesting topic for the
future.
I do not believe that the discussion of SDI vs above ground can ever be won.
Drip is Drip, SDI vs above ground, pulsing versus long sets, tape vs tube,
PC vs non PC, and even GeoFlow vs Ram. The MAJOR reason for SDI is so crops
that can not use above ground drip, can use drip for their crops. We are
fortunate in our crop and type of management practices we can accomadate
above ground. I don't think that just because you can not accomadate above
ground systems you should stay away from drip. I believe every system is
different and ONLY you can decide what is best.
My conclusion on all this is, if you LOVE drip, you make whatever system
you have work and you defend it to the end. In the end it is the
commitment and love of drip that wins.
Thanks
Leslie A Roy
Moxee Wa.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Aug 11 22:34 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 11 Aug 1996 21:22:42 -0500
Message-Id: <199608120222.AA05868@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 563
Contents:
Re: hops and drip irrigation (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
drip irrigation and nyanya (John Malone <john_malone@malone.net>)
Date: 10 Aug 96 15:23:09 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: hops and drip irrigation
COMMENTS FROM FREDDIE LAMM IN CAPITAL LETTERS
I HAVE BEEN FOLLOWING THIS "HOPS & DRIP IRRIGATION" DISCUSSION
AND ALTHOUGH I THOUGHT MR. ROY GAVE SOME GOOD TECHNICAL
EXPLANATIONS OF HIS CHOICE OF SURFACE OVER SUBSURFACE DI,
I WAS ESPECIALLY IN AGREEMENT WITH HIS LAST COMMENTS WHICH I
COPY HERE
I believe every system is different and ONLY you can decide what is best.
> My conclusion on all this is, if you LOVE drip, you make whatever system
> you have work and you defend it to the end. In the end it is the
> commitment and love of drip that wins.
> Leslie A Roy, Moxee Wa.
WE NEED TO REALIZE THAT THERE IS A STRONG POSSIBILITY
THAT BOTH FORMS OF MICROIRRIGATION ARE MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY
SOUND THAN THE NEXT ALTERNATIVE. EACH TYPE OF SYSTEM WILL HAVE
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES. IT IS HEALTHY TO TRY TO REMEDIATE OR
NEGATE THE WEAKNESSES OF A PARTICULAR SYSTEM BY EXPLORING THE
REASONS FOR FAILURE. IT IS ALSO HEALTHY TO REMEMBER THAT
WE ALL TEND TO GENERALIZE FROM OUR OWN EXPERIENCES AND THERE
IS A WORLD OF VARIABLE FACTORS OUT THERE TO CONTEND WITH.
YOUR SUCCESSES MIGHT BE MY FAILURES. HOWEVER, IF I AM PATIENT AND
TRY TO UNDERSTAND WHY, I MIGHT BE ABLE TO MAKE MY SYSTEM WORK
BETTER THAN YOURS IN THE LONG RUN. TIMES CHANGE AND WITH IT A LOT
OF THE CONSTRAINTS.
FREDDIE
*
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
Date: Sun, 11 Aug 1996 17:29:30 -0500
From: John Malone <john_malone@malone.net>
Subject: drip irrigation and nyanya
Recently I have embarked on an incredible adventure.
I am a computer guy, and an American invesotr in Kenya, the 16th poorest =
country on earth. Why did I invest? Let's chalk that one up to =
ignorance, unbridled idealism, and circumstance. In any case there I am, =
in computers.
Suddenly, I begin to eat Kenyan tomatoes, and begin to realize that I =
prefer the ones I eat in the USA. A couple of weeks pass while I read =
about tomatoes on the internet, how they spoil, and some other stuff, =
only to discover that Kenyan tomatoes, though cheap, don;t taset so good =
'cuz transportation is a problem and they don't last long. I discover a =
determinate tomato hybrid that promises up to 14-day post-havest life if =
treated well, harvested properly, etc.
I spend a good sum for these seeds, and proceed to plant a seed bed, =
anticipating a seedling transplant Real Soon Now.
As I feverishly search the internet for more information, I discover =
this thing called drip irrigation. Good idea for Kenya, I think, because =
water is so scarce. I run right out and buy some drip stuff, only to =
find I have no cluse how to plan the systems and implement.
Now, I really want to put in at least a pro-forma dorta drip system just =
to learn about it. I come into this group to find the discussion on the =
finer points of drip systems.
I need help, and one of you has urged me properly just to put my issues =
out here and let you have at them. So, here it is.
I have 10 acres that I want to fill with tomatoes (=3D "nyanya" in =
kikiuyu language). I want to drip irrigate at least two of those acres, =
but find myslef paralyzed by analysis on how to proceed: underground, =
above gorund, irrigate or fertigate, etc. I have looked for planning =
software to help me get the system planned out, but, alas! Maybe when i =
understand what to do I will write some.
Can someone help me? I would like to get a better or worse richer or =
poorer system in place within the next few weeks. Just wanna know what =
to buy, and have some sorta cookbook to follow.
Thanks for your support.
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Aug 12 22:36 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 21:23:53 -0500
Message-Id: <199608130223.AA26047@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 564
Contents:
Re: drip irrigation and nyanya (Jerome Pier <jpier@interramp.com>)
Re: hops and drip irrigation (Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>)
RE: "all that management in the off season" ("Hugh Campbell" <Hugh_Campbell@msn.com>)
RE: "all that management in the off season" (htec@pacifier.com (Dale Kidwell))
Date: Sun, 11 Aug 1996 20:58:15 -0700
From: Jerome Pier <jpier@interramp.com>
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
John Malone wrote:
>
> Recently I have embarked on an incredible adventure.
>
[Sob Story Deleted *grin*]
>
> Thanks for your support.
I believe that Robin Franks is someone who could help you out. He is a
South African and has some of the most hands on experience with drip
systems of anyone in the world. His email is DRIPIGATE@AOL.COM. Richard
Meade, (rmead@CyberGate.COM) the inimitable leader of this motley gang
of drip junkies, has had his hands either directly or indirectly in a
great deal of research involving drip irrigated tomatoes.
What I am trying to say is
*DON'T PANIC*!
take a deep breath and try to give us more information about:
your land:
soil type: sandy? clay? acidic?;
topography: any slope? is it flat or undulating?
The drip product you are using:
emitter or outlet spacing
rated flow rate per 100 feet of tape at what pressure
wall thickness
where did you buy it?
What is your source of water?
Well or surface (river or canal)
What sort of pump do you have? or if no pump, is the source at the top
of a hill above the field?
Could you get a sample of the water and have a chemical analysis done?
Did you buy a filter of some sort?
What sort of fertilizers can you purchase?
granular urea? any blends of nitrogen, phosphosus and potassium?
Do you have a ready supply of well decayed organic matter/compost
available if you cannot purchase fertilizer?
These are just some of the questions that pop into my mind and I'm sure
there are many others. I believe we can help as long as you promise not
to sue us when things don't turn out perfect *smile*
Jerome Pier
Soil Scientist/Agronomist
Netafim Irrigation, Inc. (USA)
jpier@interramp.com
Date: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 09:14:14 -0700
From: Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>
Subject: Re: hops and drip irrigation
Leslie A Roy among the others wrote:
> To all,
> I have watched the ongoing discussion about subsurface vs above ground
> drip system with interest and felt it was time I added a few comments.
> Like Eric we also are hop farmers....
> With our ability to accommodate above ground systems we have
> elected to standardize on above ground. Above ground is easier to manage
> and uses less water. This less water issue is something of interest to
> myself....
> It goes against everything I read. It is well documented in our case.
Could you be more precise and describe were you installed drip system above
the ground. Is it on the top of hop construction?
If it's so, I think the results of less water consumption are really
surprising.
I'll rather wait for your details of above ground drip installation before
I'll continue discussion.
Matej
Matej Knapic, B.Sc.
Soil and Ecology Research
Institute of hop reserach and brewering Zalec
Zalskega tabora 2, 3310 Zalec
Slovenia
Phone: +386 63-715-214
Fax: +386 63-712-163
E-mail: Matej.Knapic@uni-lj.si
Date: Mon, 12 Aug 96 23:24:30 UT
From: "Hugh Campbell" <Hugh_Campbell@msn.com>
Subject: RE: "all that management in the off season"
On Sunday 11 th August Leslie Roy wrote about the problems of what to do "with
all that management in the off season".
One of our tomato growers here in the Murrumbidgee valley in NSW in Australia
imported some of that management during your off season.
We too have very little skilled personnel in the fields of drip irrigation
management and maybe there is a business opportunity for people both here in
Australia and in the US for experienced drip irrigation managers / schedulers
/ agronomists to spend 6 months in Australia and 6 months in US.
I know that it is one of the barriers to having our farmers take up the
challenge to convert to drip systems. They need some assistance and with many
making a living from only 10-15 Ha of permanent horticulture they can't engage
full time consultant managers.
We have over 1000 permanent horticulture farmers in the Murrumbidgee
Irrigation Area and quite a few vegetable growers.
If any of you out there on the list have the inclination (or know somebody
else with the inclination) to start up a consulting business along these lines
I think you (they) would be welcome here.
Hugh Campbell
Riverina IRRICAD Design Services
Narrandera NSW Australia
e-mail <Hugh_Campbell@msn.com>
Date: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 17:19:48 -0800
From: htec@pacifier.com (Dale Kidwell)
Subject: RE: "all that management in the off season"
On Sunday 11 th August Leslie Roy wrote about the problems of what to do "with
all that management in the off season".
One of our tomato growers here in the Murrumbidgee valley in NSW in Australia
imported some of that management during your off season.
We too have very little skilled personnel in the fields of drip irrigation
management and maybe there is a business opportunity for people both here in
Australia and in the US for experienced drip irrigation managers / schedulers
/ agronomists to spend 6 months in Australia and 6 months in US.
I know that it is one of the barriers to having our farmers take up the
challenge to convert to drip systems. They need some assistance and with many
making a living from only 10-15 Ha of permanent horticulture they can't engage
full time consultant managers.
We have over 1000 permanent horticulture farmers in the Murrumbidgee
Irrigation Area and quite a few vegetable growers.
If any of you out there on the list have the inclination (or know somebody
else with the inclination) to start up a consulting business along these lines
I think you (they) would be welcome here.
Hugh Campbell
Riverina IRRICAD Design Services
Narrandera NSW Australia
e-mail <Hugh_Campbell@msn.com>
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Aug 13 22:36 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 13 Aug 1996 21:23:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199608140223.AA14923@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 565
Contents:
Re: drip irrigation and nyanya (GroAire@aol.com)
RE: drip irrigation and nyanya (John Malone <john_malone@malone.net>)
Date: Tue, 13 Aug 1996 00:23:09 -0400
From: GroAire@aol.com
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
I will be e mailing you a parameters worksheet that if you fill out the
information required, I will design the system for you and take you through
the step by step process. I work extensively with tomatoes in the fields and
greenhouses as well.
The systems that I design can be installed quite easily by yourself as 99% of
my growers do the same.
Dave Enyeart
GroAire@aol.com
Date: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 23:39:19 -0500
From: John Malone <john_malone@malone.net>
Subject: RE: drip irrigation and nyanya
------ =_NextPart_000_01BB88A7.7CBB8280
I am looking forward to it! Thank you.
----------
From: GroAire@aol.com[SMTP:GroAire@aol.com]
Sent: Monday, August 12, 1996 11:17 PM
To: Multiple recipients of list
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
I will be e mailing you a parameters worksheet that if you fill out the
information required, I will design the system for you and take you through
the step by step process. I work extensively with tomatoes in the fields and
greenhouses as well.
The systems that I design can be installed quite easily by yourself as 99% of
my growers do the same.
Dave Enyeart
GroAire@aol.com
------ =_NextPart_000_01BB88A7.7CBB8280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------ =_NextPart_000_01BB88A7.7CBB8280--
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Aug 14 22:36 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 14 Aug 1996 21:24:42 -0500
Message-Id: <199608150224.AA04855@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 566
Contents:
Re: drip irrigation and nyanya ("Marekesh (Pvt) Ltd" <marakesh@harare.iafrica.com>)
Date: Wed, 14 Aug 96 20:38 GMT+0200
From: "Marekesh (Pvt) Ltd" <marakesh@harare.iafrica.com>
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
John
Regarding drip irrigation for tomatoes you may try looking up a company
called Amiran in Nairobi. They are (or were if they are no longer there) the
Netafim agents in Kenya. I do not have an address or phone no. for them but
they should be in the phone book. However it may pay you to try and get a
second estimate.
Alternatively I may be able to help from Zimbabwe. My e-mail address is
marakesh@harare.iafrica.com
Phone/Fax No. is Harare 333303 ,
Marek Malujlo
Marekesh (Pvt.) ltd
P.O. Box MP687
Mt Pleasant
Harare
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Aug 15 22:37 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 15 Aug 1996 21:25:14 -0500
Message-Id: <199608160225.AA22071@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 567
Contents:
Re: drip irrigation and nyanya (ABUZREIG@net2.eos.uoguelph.ca)
Date: Thu, 15 Aug 1996 12:47:22 EDT
From: ABUZREIG@net2.eos.uoguelph.ca
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
Please reply to the group as some of us is interested in this
information.
Majed,
Date sent: Mon, 12 Aug 1996 23:10:24 -0500
Send reply to: <trickle-l@unl.edu>
From: GroAire@aol.com
To: Multiple recipients of list <trickle-l@unl.edu>
Subject: Re: drip irrigation and nyanya
I will be e mailing you a parameters worksheet that if you fill out the
information required, I will design the system for you and take you through
the step by step process. I work extensively with tomatoes in the fields and
greenhouses as well.
The systems that I design can be installed quite easily by yourself as 99% of
my growers do the same.
Dave Enyeart
GroAire@aol.com
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Aug 17 09:23 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 17 Aug 1996 08:11:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199608171311.AA11120@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 568
Contents:
Evaporative cooling ("M. Meron" <MERON@migal.co.il>)
Date: Sat, 17 Aug 1996 16:19:32 GMT+0200
From: "M. Meron" <MERON@migal.co.il>
Subject: Evaporative cooling
An article on EVAPORATIVE COOLING in APPLE ORCHARDS of NW USA was
published by R.G.Evans (Washington State Un.) In the last issue of
"IRRIGATION" .
I would appreciate info, references E-Mail of the author, etc... on the topic.
M. Meron
=========================================================================
MIGAL Galilee Technology Center Crop Ecology Laboratory
Kiryat Shmona PO Box 90 000 Rosh Pina 12 100 ISRAEL
Phone +972-6-953559 Fax: +972-6-944980 Email: MERON@migal.co.il
=========================================================================
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Aug 18 20:48 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 18 Aug 1996 19:36:01 -0500
Message-Id: <199608190036.AA20621@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 569
Contents:
Re: Evaporative cooling (geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin))
Date: Sun, 18 Aug 1996 17:41:35 -0700
From: geoflow1@slip.net (Rodney Ruskin)
Subject: Re: Evaporative cooling
At 8:05 AM 8/17/96 -0500, M. Meron wrote:
>An article on EVAPORATIVE COOLING in APPLE ORCHARDS of NW USA was
>published by R.G.Evans (Washington State Un.) In the last issue of
>"IRRIGATION" .
>
>I would appreciate info, references E-Mail of the author, etc... on the topic.
>
>M. Meron
>=========================================================================
>MIGAL Galilee Technology Center Crop Ecology Laboratory
>Kiryat Shmona PO Box 90 000 Rosh Pina 12 100 ISRAEL
>Phone +972-6-953559 Fax: +972-6-944980 Email: MERON@migal.co.il
>=========================================================================
Robert G. Evans
Wyatt W. Cone
Washington State University
Rt. 2, Box 2953-A
Prosser, WA 99350-9687
Tel: 509 786-2226 Fax: 509 786-4635
Rodney Ruskin
geoflow1@slip.net
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Aug 19 21:01 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 19 Aug 1996 19:41:16 -0500
Message-Id: <199608200041.AA07857@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 570
Contents:
Re: Evaporative cooling (Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>)
Re: Evaporative cooling: CONTACTS ("Bruce Metelerkamp" <BRUCE@mailgate.icfrnet.unp.ac.za>)
Re: Evaporative cooling ("J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>)
Date: Mon, 19 Aug 1996 07:24:23 -0700
From: Matej Knapic <matej.knapic@uni-lj.si>
Subject: Re: Evaporative cooling
M. Meron wrote:
>
> An article on EVAPORATIVE COOLING in APPLE ORCHARDS of NW USA was
> published by R.G.Evans (Washington State Un.) In the last issue of
> "IRRIGATION" .
>
> I would appreciate info, references E-Mail of the author, etc... on the topic.
Few days ago Mr. Rodney Ruskin suggested me to contact Mr. R.G. Evans for
further information about SDI in hops. At the end of his mail he wrote
his address. Anyway I have searched for his E-mail address and finally
found on this URL where you can get a brief information about his
research. The URL is http://www.tricity.wsu.edu/htmls/iarec/iarecp09.html
and his E-mail address is revans@beta.tricity.wsu.edu.
I hope this information will help you.
Best regards
Matej
Date: Mon, 19 Aug 1996 9:02:17 +200
From: "Bruce Metelerkamp" <BRUCE@mailgate.icfrnet.unp.ac.za>
Subject: Re: Evaporative cooling: CONTACTS
Moshe Meron
I know of two others working or who have worked on evaporative
cooling of tree crops -
Prof Mike Savage at U of Natal, Pietermaritzburg and Gerhard
Mostert of ARC in Nelspruit, South Africa.
Mike Savage has published on the cooling effects of overhead
sprinkling of macadamian/pecan? nut trees, as well as work on
pawpaw fruit heating. Savage@agron.unp.ac.za
Gerhard is working on sub-tropical citrus trees - and has tried
cooling them with a microjet mounted above the tree.
I have Gerhard's email, but not at hand.
(phone: South Africa +13 7532071)
>>>
From: Matej Knapic (trickle-l)
To: trickle-l@unl.edu
Date: Monday, August 19, 1996 8:03 am
Subject: Re: Evaporative cooling
M. Meron wrote:
>
> An article on EVAPORATIVE COOLING in APPLE ORCHARDS of NW USA
was
> published by R.G.Evans (Washington State Un.) In the last issue
of
> "IRRIGATION" .
>
> I would appreciate info, references E-Mail of the author,
etc... on the topic.
Robert G. Evans
Wyatt W. Cone
Washington State University
Rt. 2, Box 2953-A
Prosser, WA 99350-9687
Tel: 509 786-2226 Fax: 509 786-4635
Few days ago Mr. Rodney Ruskin suggested me to contact Mr. R.G.
Evans for
further information about SDI in hops. At the end of his mail he
wrote
his address. Anyway I have searched for his E-mail address and
finally
found on this URL where you can get a brief information about his
research. The URL is
http://www.tricity.wsu.edu/htmls/iarec/iarecp09.html
and his E-mail address is revans@beta.tricity.wsu.edu.
I hope this information will help you.
Best regards
Matej
<<<<
Regards
-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
Bruce Metelerkamp SOIL WATER RESEARCH OFFICER
Institute for Commercial Forestry Research,
University of Natal, PO Box 100281
Scottsville, ZA3209
Rep. of South Africa Voice:27 331 62314
E-mail: bruce@icfr.unp.ac.za FAX:27 331 68905
URL http://www.icfrnet.unp.ac.za/~metele
/SoWaCS.html
/RR.html
Host of SoWaCS (Soil Water Content Sensor) Discussion List.
SEND info sowacs OR subscribe sowacs TO
majordomo@aqua.ccwr.ac.za
Date: Mon, 19 Aug 1996 14:25:27 -0700 (PDT)
From: "J.D. Oster" <oster@mail.ucr.edu>
Subject: Re: Evaporative cooling
The correct e-mail address for R.G.Evans is revans@tricity.wsu.edu. Robert
(Bob) is an Agricultural Engineer with expertize in irrigation water management.
At 01:03 AM 8/19/96 -0500, you wrote:
>M. Meron wrote:
>>
>> An article on EVAPORATIVE COOLING in APPLE ORCHARDS of NW USA was
>> published by R.G.Evans (Washington State Un.) In the last issue of
>> "IRRIGATION" .
>>
>> I would appreciate info, references E-Mail of the author, etc... on the
topic.
>
>Few days ago Mr. Rodney Ruskin suggested me to contact Mr. R.G. Evans for
>further information about SDI in hops. At the end of his mail he wrote
>his address. Anyway I have searched for his E-mail address and finally
>found on this URL where you can get a brief information about his
>research. The URL is http://www.tricity.wsu.edu/htmls/iarec/iarecp09.html
>and his E-mail address is revans@beta.tricity.wsu.edu.
>
>I hope this information will help you.
>
>Best regards
>Matej
>
J.D.(Jim) Oster
Dept. of Soil & Env. Sciences
University of California
Riverside, CA 92521
Phone (909)787-5100
FAX (909)787-5522
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Aug 20 23:27 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 1996 22:14:55 -0500
Message-Id: <199608210314.AA00599@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 571
Contents:
ADVERTISING POSITION - IRRIGATION LECTURER/RESEARHER (evan@griffith.dwr.csiro.au (Evan Christen))
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 1996 22:05:40 -0500
From: evan@griffith.dwr.csiro.au (Evan Christen)
Subject: ADVERTISING POSITION - IRRIGATION LECTURER/RESEARHER
Charles Sturt University is one of Australia's leading regional universities
and has a reputation for providing quality education. The University
comprises of campuses at Albury-Wodonga, Bathurst, Wagga Wagga and the
Australian Graduate School of Police Management in Sydney. The University
seeks to employ academic staff who will contribute to its growth and
development.
FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE
IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ENGINEER/SCIENTIST LOCATION
Associate Lecturer/Lecturer Wagga Wagga
Fixed Term
This is a joint appointment by Charles Sturt University and the CSIRO
Division of Water Resources in Griffith NSW. The position will be based at
the CSU campus, however, it is envisaged that the appointee will spend
significant amounts of time in Griffith.
The successful applicant will lecture and conduct research in irrigation
management systems applicable to Australian conditions. Responsibilities
include assisting with the development and delivery of subjects, on-going
consultation with the irrigation industry and the development of a research
project which complements existing research at CSU and CSIRO. The appointee
will also provide leadership in the use of computer based simulation and
assisted learning programs relevant to irrigated agriculture students.
Applicants must possess a PhD or equivalent in agriculture or civil
engineering, with specialist training in irrigation system design and
management; a teaching qualification or a demonstrated propensity to teach;
experience with crop growth and water use models. Applicants must also
demonstrate the ability to work collaboratively in a team; ability to
develop networks with a range of clients, academic staff and researchers;
the ability to communicate effectively, both verbally and in writing.
Research and/or teaching experience in more than one agricultural/climatic
irrigated region and an understanding of soil, crop and water management
principles as they relate to irrigated areas would be advantageous.
Further information is available from Professor Wayne Meyer, School of
Agriculture, telephone (069) 60 1562, fax (069) 60 1600, email
wayne@griffith.dwr.csiro.au
SALARY DETAILS
Lecturer $43042 - $51113
Associate Lecturer $30130 - $40889
NB: Appointment level will depend on qualifications and experience, with
commencement salary being negotiable within the range.
APPLICATION DETAILS
Application forms and position information material are available from the
Wagga Wagga Personnel Office, telephone (069) 33 2230, fax (069) 33 2886,
email shuggett@csu.edu.au.
Applications Close: 6 September 1996.
Equal Employment Opportunity is University policy.
Internet Address: http://www.csu.edu.au/
Dr Evan Christen
Irrigation and Drainage Management for Horticulture
CSIRO Division of Water Resources
Griffith Laboratory
Griffith
NSW 2680
Australia
Tel # 61 69 601586
Fax # 61 69 601600
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Fri Aug 23 00:25 EDT 1996
Date: Thu, 22 Aug 1996 23:13:01 -0500
Message-Id: <199608230413.AA15717@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 572
Contents:
unsubcribe trickle-l (dave.kruschke@boardwalk.com)
Date: Thu, 22 Aug 96 18:56:04 -0500
From: dave.kruschke@boardwalk.com
Subject: unsubcribe trickle-l
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Aug 24 00:28 EDT 1996
Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 23:15:51 -0500
Message-Id: <199608240415.AA08816@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 573
Contents:
colormarker, soil, water infiltration patterns (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Lehrstuhl_f=FCr_Gem=FCsebau?=)
Re: colormarker, soil, water infiltration patterns ("M. Meron" <MERON@migal.co.il>)
Calgon/water softener question (Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>)
Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 12:12:04 +-200
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Lehrstuhl_f=FCr_Gem=FCsebau?=
Subject: colormarker, soil, water infiltration patterns
Ladies and Gentlemen, Aug. 23. 1996
We need advice on the following problem:
An experiment with drip irrigation in pickling cucumbers is carried out =
at our institute. The drip tape is laid out in different ways (on ground =
under the mulch-foil, subsurface under the mulch-foil, between the rows, =
between every other row). After culture has ended (approx. =
Mid-September) it is planned, to give one additional watering, with =
color-marked water. Immediately afterwards trenches will be digged, and =
the wetted zone under the emitters of the drip-tape will be visible =
because of the colormarker in the irrigation water. So far the theory.=20
We hope to gain more information on water infiltration patterns into the =
soil on our specific site. Example: The size of the wetted zone for =
apropriate placing of moisture sensors (we use tensiometers).
As far as we know methyl-blue or amaranth (red colour) are usable =
substances for colormarking of the irrigation water. But we don=B4t know =
which amount of colour-marker per liter of water is advisable to use, =
and for how long the colourmarker will be visible in the soil. Does =
anybody know more about the described technique, or were to get more =
information on it? Has anybody already worked with this technique? We =
are certainly very grateful for any tips and hints on the subject. In =
case you have any more questions on the project you are very welcome!
Thanks very much in advance
T.C. Mosler
adress:
T.C. Mosler
Technische Universitaet Muenchen
Section Vegitable Production
Versuchsstation Duernast
D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan
Tel: 49-(0)8161-713157
Fax: 49-(0)8161-713433
e-mail: veginst3@pollux.edv.agrar.tu-muenchen.de
Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 13:41:02 GMT+0200
From: "M. Meron" <MERON@migal.co.il>
Subject: Re: colormarker, soil, water infiltration patterns
Infiltration patterns from a drip source into dry (and hard...) soils can
be explored using penetrometers, assuming that soil resistance is inversely
related to soil moisture.
An intersting electronic device was lately developed by a Hungarian firm,
which measures resistance and soil water content simulatanously. We did
not test it yet, but as advertised, it looks very promising.
To be reached at:
IDEX - Inter-Ed
Fo-utza 14-18, Budapest H-1011, Hungary
+36 (1) 201-3680
FAX +36 (1) 201-6456
=========================================================================
MIGAL Galilee Technology Center Crop Ecology Laboratory
Kiryat Shmona PO Box 90 000 Rosh Pina 12 100 ISRAEL
Phone +972-6-953559 Fax: +972-6-944980 Email: MERON@migal.co.il
=========================================================================
Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 22:26:37 GMT
From: Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>
Subject: Calgon/water softener question
The following question was sent to me from outside Trickle-L.
Please respond to the group if you know any information regarding
the question. Thanks!!
R. Mead
Trickle-L owner/manager
>Return-Path: <stanworth@mail.telis.org>
>Date: Thu, 22 Aug 1996 11:34:56 -0700 (PDT)
>X-Sender: stanworth@mail.telis.org (Unverified)
>To: RMEAD@ASRR.ARSUSDA.GOV
>From: ARON QUIST <stanworth@mail.telis.org>
>Content-Length: 399
>
>DEAR SIR: I WAS REFERED TO YOU BY TOM LOCKHARDT. I AM A CONSULTING SOIL
SCIENTIST IN BLYTHE CALIFORNIA. WE WATER RUN A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF
ANHYDROUS AMMONIA ON OUR CROPS. I AM INTERESTED IN LOCATING A COMMERCIAL
SOURCE FOR CALGON OR OTHER WATER SOFTENER TO REDUCE AG APPLIED AMMONIA
VOLATILIZATION. DO YOU HAVE INFORMATION OR CAN YOU REFER ME TO AN E-MAIL
CHAT ROOM OF OTHERS THAT MAY KNOW?
>
>
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sun Aug 25 00:28 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 1996 23:16:30 -0500
Message-Id: <199608250416.AA18929@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 574
Contents:
Re: Calgon/water softener question (txgator@ct.net (Jim Brigham))
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 1996 11:26:44
From: txgator@ct.net (Jim Brigham)
Subject: Re: Calgon/water softener question
In article Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov> writes:
>Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 17:13:47 -0500
>Reply-To: <trickle-l@unl.edu>
>From: Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>
>Subject: Calgon/water softener question
>The following question was sent to me from outside Trickle-L.
>Please respond to the group if you know any information regarding
>the question. Thanks!!
>R. Mead
>Trickle-L owner/manager
>>Return-Path: <stanworth@mail.telis.org>
>>Date: Thu, 22 Aug 1996 11:34:56 -0700 (PDT)
>>X-Sender: stanworth@mail.telis.org (Unverified)
you might try the gold mining industry in the Western US - they use a
tremendous amount of Calgon to treat the leach water used through
drippers.
>>To: RMEAD@ASRR.ARSUSDA.GOV>>From: ARON QUIST
<stanworth@mail.telis.org>>>Content-Length: 399
>>
>>DEAR SIR: I WAS REFERED TO YOU BY TOM LOCKHARDT. I AM A CONSULTING SOIL
>SCIENTIST IN BLYTHE CALIFORNIA. WE WATER RUN A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF
>ANHYDROUS AMMONIA ON OUR CROPS. I AM INTERESTED IN LOCATING A COMMERCIAL
>SOURCE FOR CALGON OR OTHER WATER SOFTENER TO REDUCE AG APPLIED AMMONIA
>VOLATILIZATION. DO YOU HAVE INFORMATION OR CAN YOU REFER ME TO AN E-MAIL
>CHAT ROOM OF OTHERS THAT MAY KNOW?
>>
>>
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Mon Aug 26 02:18 EDT 1996
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 1996 23:16:56 -0500
Message-Id: <199608260416.AA04240@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 575
Contents:
Re: TRICKLE-L digest 574 (TPiatkowsk@aol.com)
Re: Calgon/water softener question (Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>)
Trickle-L update..don't worry,it's interesting :-) (rmead@cybergate.com (Richard Mead))
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 1996 12:43:23 -0400
From: TPiatkowsk@aol.com
Subject: Re: TRICKLE-L digest 574
Aron Quist,
We have found that various 'water conditioners' are available on the market.
In the last couple years some technology previously out of reach of
agriculture (too expensive) has shown promise dealing with the problems of
poor water quality and its effect on drip systems.
I would be more than happy to send you more detailed information and further
discuss our strategy in treating reclaimed water for use in agriculture. Just
e-mail me and enclose your address.
Sincerely,
Ag H20
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 1996 16:22:50 -0500 (EST)
From: Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>
Subject: Re: Calgon/water softener question
Calgon is sodium hexametaphosphate, a short chain polyphosphate, and is
commonly used in municipal water treatment. I believe it is also the
primary ingredient in the Amway product Basic-H. Note: anhydrous ammonia
should never be injected into micro irrigation systems.
Don Pitts
At 10:16 AM 8/24/96 -0500, you wrote:
>In article Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov> writes:
>>Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 17:13:47 -0500
>>Reply-To: <trickle-l@unl.edu>
>>From: Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>
>>Subject: Calgon/water softener question
>
>>The following question was sent to me from outside Trickle-L.
>>Please respond to the group if you know any information regarding
>>the question. Thanks!!
>
>>R. Mead
>>Trickle-L owner/manager
>
>
>>>Return-Path: <stanworth@mail.telis.org>
>>>Date: Thu, 22 Aug 1996 11:34:56 -0700 (PDT)
>>>X-Sender: stanworth@mail.telis.org (Unverified)
>
>>>DEAR SIR: I WAS REFERED TO YOU BY TOM LOCKHARDT. I AM A CONSULTING SOIL
>>SCIENTIST IN BLYTHE CALIFORNIA. WE WATER RUN A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF
>>ANHYDROUS AMMONIA ON OUR CROPS. I AM INTERESTED IN LOCATING A COMMERCIAL
>>SOURCE FOR CALGON OR OTHER WATER SOFTENER TO REDUCE AG APPLIED AMMONIA
>>VOLATILIZATION. DO YOU HAVE INFORMATION OR CAN YOU REFER ME TO AN E-MAIL
>>CHAT ROOM OF OTHERS THAT MAY KNOW?
>>>
>>>
>
>
>
>
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 01:23:44 GMT
From: rmead@cybergate.com (Richard Mead)
Subject: Trickle-L update..don't worry,it's interesting :-)
It has been rather quiet on the Trickle-L front lately. To stir things up,
I thought I'd present a Trickle-L & Microirrigation Forum update.
We now have "almost" 500 subscribers to the list. July marked the second
year of our Internet group. For those of you that have subscribed recently
and have not received a welcome e-mail packet, please let me know.
The Trickle-L web site Microirrigation Forum* now has updated listings in
the Digital Drip Directory section, although all I have so far are the
important vendors for drip and filtration products. Listings for injectors,
consultants, etc. will be on board soon. If you are in the drip industry
and want to be represented, be sure to check out
http://www.cybergate.com/~rmead/ddd.html
Please tell me if your company's address is correct or if I've missed e-mail or
web site information.
The visual section of the Microirrigation Forum now has a virtual tour with
one of the first subscribers to Trickle-L, Craig Thompson. Be sure to check
out information on how Craig uses subsurface drip irrigation in his very
successful wine grape production. Be sure to drop me a line if you want
me to present your farm, greenhouse, or company doing interesting things
in the microirrigation arena. I can't promise to fly every place on earth,
but we can compromise and put together scanned photos for a story if deemed
interesting.
Finally, being the techno-junkie that I am, I read an interesting article
in a recent Popular Science magazine that stated there is a newer and
cheaper way to chemically treat water using titanium dioxide and
ultraviolet light. According to the article, all that is left is carbon
dioxide, and harmless salts in the water after treatment.
This sounds like a potentially viable alternative to chlorine injections in
drip systems....albeit several years down the road. Has anyone ever heard
of this technology?
Richard Mead
Soil Scientist
Trickle-L & Microirrigation Forum owner/manager
* http://www.cybergate.com/~rmead
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Tue Aug 27 00:30 EDT 1996
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 23:17:02 -0500
Message-Id: <199608270417.AA29477@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 576
Contents:
re (Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>)
(jwright@agt.net)
anhydrous NH3 & micro (Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>)
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (Jed T Waddell <wadde002@maroon.tc.umn.edu> (Jed Waddell))
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (Jed T Waddell <wadde002@maroon.tc.umn.edu> (Jed Waddell))
Re: UNSUBSCRIBE (Guy_Twombly@pno.com (Guy Twombly))
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 15:45:43 GMT
From: Richard Mead <rmead@asrr.arsusda.gov>
Subject: re
rev trickle-l
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 10:59:46 -0600 (MDT)
From: jwright@agt.net
Subject:
My apologies if this is a bit off topic.
Can anyone suggest some avenues for a person to obtain a practical
education in drip irrigation?
Some time ago someone on this list mentioned that
there are potential opportunities for drip irrigation
managers to work a few months in one location and a few
months in another country where the irrigation season doesn't
overlap. As a Canadian farmer who uses the simplest drip
system conceivable, it occurs to me that there might be
a possibility of spending winter downtime somewhere warm,
(and get paid for it!!) :>)
Any comments?
Jim
****************************************************************************
"Most people go to their graves with their music still in them." Disraeli
Jim Wright
Box 129
Lougheed Alberta Canada
T0B 2V0
403 386-2479
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 21:03:09 GMT
From: Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>
Subject: anhydrous NH3 & micro
Hi Don
At 03:36 PM 8/25/96 -0500, you wrote:
> Note: anhydrous ammonia should never be injected into micro irrigation
systems.
>>Interesting note. Could you please offer some reasons ;
theoretical or practical.Jean/
>
>
>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 96 15:52:31 -0500
From: Jed T Waddell <wadde002@maroon.tc.umn.edu> (Jed Waddell)
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
Hello trickle-l,
This message struck me as funny. If anhydrous ammonia is added along with
irrigation water then it is not anhydrous anymore. The note should read
"anhydrous ammonia could (not should) never be injected..." unless without
water. I realize that this is not what the note is intending, although I am
also puzzled as to why this method of fertigation is not recommended.
>Hi Don
> At 03:36 PM 8/25/96 -0500, you wrote:
>> Note: anhydrous ammonia should never be injected into micro irrigation
>systems.
>>>Interesting note. Could you please offer some reasons ;
>theoretical or practical.Jean/
>>
****************************************************
* Jed T. Waddell *
* Graduate Research Assistant *
* University of Minnesota *
* Department of Soil, Water, and Climate *
* St. Paul, MN 55108 *
* office (612) 625-1968 *
* fax (612) 625-2208 *
****************************************************
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 96 16:14:56 -0500
From: Jed T Waddell <wadde002@maroon.tc.umn.edu> (Jed Waddell)
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
>Hi Don
> At 03:36 PM 8/25/96 -0500, you wrote:
>> Note: anhydrous ammonia should never be injected into micro irrigation
>systems.
>>>Interesting note. Could you please offer some reasons ;
>theoretical or practical.Jean/
Dear Jean,
Upon further investigation on your ammonia question I found some
things to think about. There are a number of transient yet dramatic changes
which can alter the physical, chemical and biological condition of the soil
when elevated rates of NH3 (or in our case NH4+) are added to the soil.
Ammonium is not mobile in the soil and concentrations can build up to
extremely high levels. The solution pH may reach 9 or higher. At the high
pH values, calcium and magnesium carbonates are more likely to form and may
clog emitters. High levels of NH4+ can influence the osmotic suction of
the soil solution causing it to exceed 10 bars. It can also harm soil
micro-organisms and at pH above 8, Nitrosomonas bacteria activity is
retarded. This causes a build-up of nitrite which is harmful to living
organisms.
I am sure there are other reasons but these seem to be the most
important. Hope this helps.
Jed
****************************************************
* Jed T. Waddell *
* Graduate Research Assistant *
* University of Minnesota *
* Department of Soil, Water, and Climate *
* St. Paul, MN 55108 *
* office (612) 625-1968 *
* fax (612) 625-2208 *
****************************************************
Date: 27 Aug 1996 03:37:31 GMT
From: Guy_Twombly@pno.com (Guy Twombly)
Subject: Re: UNSUBSCRIBE
UNSUBSCRIBE
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Wed Aug 28 00:36 EDT 1996
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 1996 23:24:28 -0500
Message-Id: <199608280424.AA25014@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 577
Contents:
Re: TRICKLE-L digest 574 (CCGoodale@aol.com)
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>)
removal of iron scale (Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>)
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 1996 08:43:01 -0400
From: CCGoodale@aol.com
Subject: Re: TRICKLE-L digest 574
As a irrigation specialist working full time designing and consulting on
irrigation systems I am interestested in your 'Water Conditioners'
information and strategy.
Charles Chester Goodale Jr.
Irrigation Specialist - I.A. Certified Designer - Drip/Micro, Sprinkler,
Surface
708 Claremont
Madera, CA 93637
Phone (209) 673-7004
FAX (209) 661-7004
Thanks
CCGJr
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 1996 10:17:19 -0500 (EST)
From: Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
The injection of anhydrous ammonium in water containing significant
calcium will form calcium carbonate scale. This is method for plugging
leaky pipe. Therefore, the obvious consequence for injection in micro
irrigation systems would be plugged emitters. There is a U.C. Davis
publication that describes the technique for repairing leaky pipe by
injecting anhydrous ammonium.
At 02:30 PM 8/26/96 -0500, you wrote:
>Hi Don
> At 03:36 PM 8/25/96 -0500, you wrote:
>> Note: anhydrous ammonia should never be injected into micro irrigation
>systems.
>>>Interesting note. Could you please offer some reasons ;
>theoretical or practical.Jean/
>>
>>
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
Date: Tue, 27 Aug 1996 11:27:34 -0500 (EST)
From: Don Pitts <djp@ICON.IMOK.UFL.EDU>
Subject: removal of iron scale
I am interested in products that might be effective at dissolving or
removing various forms of iron scale in micro irrigation systems.
Does anyone have experience with the use of hydroxyacetic acid or
suflamic acid?
Don Pitts
SWFREC, University of Florida
Immokalee, Florida
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Thu Aug 29 11:23 EDT 1996
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 1996 23:24:51 -0500
Message-Id: <199608290424.AA18716@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 578
Contents:
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>)
Re: removal of iron scale (Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>)
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm))
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 1996 13:09:28 GMT
From: Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
Hi T-L fans, and to Jed and Don thanks for comments.
As usual generalisations lead to wrong perceptions!
1 ) Some of our waters here have a pH of 3.5 so NH3 would be OK ? [no
we don't irrigate with beer or wine ]
2 ) We also still apply dry Ammonium Sulphate , Urea and othe N-carriers
to the soil surface under other irrigation systems. What then of the NH4
reactions?
3 ) Do you use the NH3 as a slug feed? Surely the aim of micro and dripper
fertigation is to repeatedly apply no more nutrients than is needed between
irrigations? Jean/
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 1996 16:47:01 GMT
From: Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>
Subject: Re: removal of iron scale
At 10:43 AM 8/27/96 -0500, you wrote:
>
>
> I am interested in products that might be effective at dissolving or
>removing various forms of iron scale in micro irrigation systems.
>
> Does anyone have experience with the use of hydroxyacetic acid or
>suflamic acid?
>>Don Pitts
>SWFREC, University of Florida
>Immokalee, Florida
>
Hello Don, I recently asked for similar information on the Q&A and am still
reading through some of the answers. Tony also sent the attached answer to
my query about the
CAREFREE WATER CONDITIONER. Locally farmers give the same sort of evidence
and claimed that it cleaned out their drip lines.
Would Trickle-l fans care to comment on this conditioner?
>From: thomson.tony@wpo.pi.sa.gov.au
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 1996 09:03:09 +0930
Subject: Fe post received - Reply
To: henri@ilink.nis.za
Jean
CAREFREE conditioners have been sold in South Australia for at least 15
years.
They were sold where you only paid for the device after you were satisfied that
it was working - otherwise it was remeoved at no cost.
About 10 yrs ago our South Australian (SA) state water supply authority
(E&WS) tested water in and water out (chemical analyses and electron
microscope) and concluded that carefree has no affect on the water.
BUT farmers continue to buy the product and many report positive results:
e.g.1. white marks on leaves of nursery pot plants disappeared
2. soil infiltration rate increased
3. lettuces dying from salt survived and were sold
Some purchasers report little or no effect.
Also conditioners with permanent magnets (from eastern europe) and
conditioners with electromagnets (from USA) are becoming increasingly
popular. Main suppliers are eastern block countries (e.g. Poland). Also now
being made in Australia.
I have found no published scientific evidence that any of the conditioners work.
- I have some papers written in Polish - not yet translated.
Also "flow-forms" used in biodynamics (Rudolf Steiner) - work being done in
southern England
Regards Tony
Thomas Piatkowski might be able to help you out further with the original
question, his address is: TPiatkowsk@aol.com
Greetings, Jean/
Date: 28 Aug 96 11:46:13 CDT
From: FLamm@oznet.ksu.edu (Freddie Lamm)
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
> The injection of anhydrous ammonium in water containing significant
> calcium will form calcium carbonate scale. This is method for plugging
> leaky pipe. Therefore, the obvious consequence for injection in micro
> irrigation systems would be plugged emitters. There is a U.C. Davis
> publication that describes the technique for repairing leaky pipe by
> injecting anhydrous ammonium.
HAVING HEARD HORROR STORIES OF IRRIGATORS
USING ANHYDROUS AMMONIA IN CENTER PIVOT
SPRINKLERS (IE. COLLAPSED UNITS) AND ALSO IN
ALUMINUM GATED PIPE (IE, YOU CAN'T PICK IT UP
AT THE END OF THE SEASON) I WAS AWARE THAT
INJECTION INTO A PIPED WATER SUPPLY
WAS A NO-NO, BUT I DID GET A CHUCKLE THAT
THERE IS A PUBLICATION ON REPAIRING LEAKY
PEAK WITH ANHYDROUS AMMONIA INJECTION.
I GUESS I'M WONDERING IF THIS WAS A HOAX OR
JOKE MESSAGE, BUT JUST IN CASE IT WASN'T,
I'LL ***BITE***. I DON'T HAVE ANY NEED FOR THIS
TECHNOLOGY, BUT WOULD BE AMUSED TO KNOW
WHAT SIZE LEAKS CAN BE REPAIRED.
ANYONE OUT THERE THAT CAN GIVE THE SPECIFICS OR
EVEN THE REASONING BEHIND THIS PUBLICATION???
JUST CURIOUS, AND IF IT WORKS I'M NOT
COMPLAINING.
FREDDIE
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Freddie Lamm *
Research Agricultural Engineer *** o
KSU Northwest Research-Extension Center ***** /|\
105 Experiment Farm Road *******\\
Colby, Kansas 67701-1697 *********
Ph. 913-462-6281 ***********
FAX 913-462-2315 *************
Email:flamm@oznet.ksu.edu It's all downhill from here.
------ THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ, THERE'S NO DOMAIN LIKE OZ. ------
End of Digest
>From root@crcnis1.unl.edu Sat Aug 31 16:35 EDT 1996
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 1996 15:23:24 -0500
Message-Id: <199608312023.AA11630@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Subject: TRICKLE-L digest 579
Contents:
Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro (Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>)
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 1996 22:10:05 GMT
From: Jean Piaget <henri@ilink.nis.za>
Subject: Re: anhydrous NH3 & micro
A NO-NO, BUT I DID GET A CHUCKLE THAT
>THERE IS A PUBLICATION ON REPAIRING LEAKY
>PEAK WITH ANHYDROUS AMMONIA INJECTION.
>
> BUT WOULD BE AMUSED TO KNOW
>WHAT SIZE LEAKS CAN BE REPAIRED.
> ANYONE OUT THERE THAT CAN GIVE THE SPECIFICS OR
>EVEN THE REASONING BEHIND THIS PUBLICATION???
>
>JUST CURIOUS, AND IF IT WORKS I'M NOT
>COMPLAINING.
>FREDDIE
>Keep at it till you get the answer, I am also wondering-
But perhaps they really mean those old tyre pipes called "leaky pipe"
Jean/
PS How does that fit in micro irrigation , is it not micro-plumbing?
End of Digest
Prepared by Steve Modena, AB4EL
Suggestions and comments to: modena@SunSITE.unc.edu