The gmaes is a program that computes a gamma parameter that accounts rate variation among sites by counting the minimum number of substitution each site for a given tree topology. For the detail, please look at the following references. The program runs on the Sun workstations. KOCHER, T. D., and A. C. WILSON. 1991. Sequence evolution of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees; control region and a protein-coding region. Pp. 391-413 in S. OSAWA and T. HONJO, eds. Evolution of life: fossils, molecules, and culture. Springer, Tokyo. or TAMURA, K., and M. NEI. 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10:512-526. There are two files you need to copy: gmaes.readme (this file) and gmaes.tar.Z. Please use the binary mode when you ftp gmaes.tar.Z. After copying the two files, type uncompress gmaes.tar.Z tar xvf gmaes.tar Please read the read.me file in gmaes.tar. It constains a brief explanation. If you have any questions or comments, let me know. Naoko Takezaki 322 Mueller Penn State University University Park, PA 16802 TEL 814(865)7030 FAY 814(863)7336 Email takezaki@imeg.bio.psu.edu