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Internet Tools Summary -- Use Tips
========================================================================
by John December (decemj@rpi.edu)

Copyright (c) 1994 John December You may use this document for any 
personal or educational purpose. For-profit distribution requires my 
permission.  Provided ``as is'' without expressed or implied warranty.

This is a file listing quick instructions and tips to use the 
access methods given in the Internet Tools Summary or Information 
Sources files at: 

	Anonymous ftp Host: ftp.rpi.edu; 
	File: pub/communications/internet-tools.readme
	File: pub/communications/internet-cmc.readme


EMAIL/LISTSERV
--------------
	Email (electronic mail) is a very popular way to exchange
	information on the Internet.  You can send mail to people or 
	to machines (LISTERVs).   In order to send email, you need
        to know the email address of the recipient.  Then you start
        up your email application, compose, and send the message.

	This example is Unix (UCB) mail).  $ represents your UNIX prompt.
	This example will get you signed up for HELP-NET, a mailing 
	list for new users of the Internet.  If you don't want to sign
	up, substitute your own email address for the address of this
	listserv (in other words, practice by sending this mail to 
	yourself).

	EXAMPLE					COMMENTS (don't type these)
	--------------------------------------- -----------------------------

	$ mail listserv@templevm.bitnet         mail address 
	Subject: request to join list		have any subject
        sub HELP-NET YOUR NAME                  YOUR NAME = fill in
	.					Ends letter (Unix Mail)
	$ 

	QUICK REFERENCE for LISTSERV:
	
	LN = LISTNAME
	"body contents" (do not include " in your email message).

	subscribe
        	"subscribe LN YOUR NAME"
	unsubscribe
        	"sign off LN"
        	"unsubscribe LN"
	stop mail	
        	"set LN NOMAIL"
	resumes (no back mail)
        	"set LN MAIL"
	shows subscriber list
     		"review LN"
	conceals your subscription to the list
		"set LN CONCEAL"
	mail acknowledgement
		"set LN ACK"
	acknowledgement of interactive messages only
		"set LN MSACK"
	no acknowledgement
		"set LN NOACK"

FINGER
------
	To use finger, you need to know what email address (or machine
	name) you want to access.  In this example, you find out 
	information about me:

	$ finger decemj@rpi.edu 

	Variations on finger include having a port#.  

	Finger can also tell you about users logged onto a machine:

	$ finger @miller.cs.uwm.edu

FTP
---
	File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used to retrieve or place files 
	on computer hosts.  Anonymous FTP is a way for files to be
	made available for anyone to get from hosts on the Internet.

        To get the anonymous ftp resource called "Internet-cmc" whose
        URL is 
              ftp://ftp.rpi.edu/pub/communications/internet-cmc.txt

           resource       anonymous 
	   name           ftp host     path name
               |             |            |
               V             V            V
	   Internet-cmc:  ftp.rpi.edu  pub/communications/internet-cmc.txt

	by using ftp, follow this example.
	All the commands you need to do are shown.  $ represents your 
	Unix (or other Operating System) prompt.
 
	EXAMPLE					COMMENTS (don't type these)
	--------------------------------------- -----------------------------
	$ ftp ftp.rpi.edu			ftp.rpi.edu = ftp host name
	Name (ftp.host.dom:yourid): anonymous   Login as anonymous
	Password: YOURID@YOURHOST.DOMAIN	Enter your email address
	ftp> cd /pub/communications 		change to directory 
	ftp> get internet-cmc.txt 		internet-cmc.txt = file name 
	ftp> quit				End ftp session
	$

	While in ftp, you can try to read a file without downloading it
	like this (sometimes this works, sometimes it doesn't):
	ftp> get README |more			

      	Ftp through email
	-----------------

	If you don't have ftp access, you can get things at ftp sites by mail.
	This is an example session (your mail might work slightly differently;
	this example is Unix (UCB) mail).  $ represents your UNIX prompt.

	EXAMPLE					COMMENTS (don't type these)
	--------------------------------------- -----------------------------
	$ mail ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com		send email to this host
	Subject: ftp request			have any subject
	connect ftp.rpi.edu			ftp.rpi.edu = ftp host name 
	chdir /pub/communications 		path to directory
	get internet-cmc.txt 		        internet-cmc.txt = file name
	quit					Ends ftp session
	.					Ends letter (Unix Mail)

	You'll get messages in the mail concerning your request.

GOPHER
------
	If you don't have a gopher client, you can use telnet to reach 
	the Minnesota gopher:

	$ telnet consultant.micro.umn.edu
	Trying 134.84.132.4 ...
	Connected to hafnhaf.micro.umn.edu.
	Escape character is '^]'.

	login: gopher
	                  Internet Gopher Information Client 2.0 pl11
	
	                   Root gopher server: hafnhaf.micro.umn.edu
	
	 -->  1.  Information About Gopher/
	      2.  Computer Information/
	      3.  Internet file server (ftp) sites/
	      4.  Fun & Games/
	      5.  Libraries/
	      6.  Mailing Lists/
	      7.  News/
	      8.  Other Gopher and Information Servers/
	      9.  Phone Books/
	      10. Search Gopher Titles at the University of Minnesota 
	      11. Search lots of places at the U of M 
	      12. UofM Campus Information/
	
	Press ? for Help, q to Quit                                 Page: 1
	
HTTP 
----
      	Http stands for hypertext transport protocol, and it is used
      	to interchange hypertext information over the Internet.

      	Use through a Client
	--------------------
	Mosaic is a client application which lets you connect to 
	http (as well as other) information.  Lynx is another client.  
        See the Internet Tools Summary list for information about these 
	clients. (See http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html).

        URLs
        ----
      	A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) identifies 
	an Internet resource.  In general, URLs take the form
      
      		ACCESS://HOST/PATH

	Where ACCESS = {ftp, gopher, telnet, ...}
              HOST = the name of the machine 
	      PATH = the file name, directory name, or other identifying
		     information for the resource.
              (there are some more qualifications to this general form,
               but this will get you started.)
      
      	For example, the URL for the resource:

      	        http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html	
      	Means
               ACCESS   HOST                  PATH          
                 |        |                    |
		 |        |         /-----------------------\
      	        http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html	

	Use through Email
	-----------------	
      	If you don't have a WWW client like Mosaic (where you can 
      	specify an http resource that you want to obtain), you
      	can obtain http resources via email.
      
      	Send email to listserv@info.cern.ch with the message body:
      
      		www URL
      
      	for example, the URL for:
      
        Web Clients:   info.cern.ch     hypertext/WWW/Clients.html
      
      	is 
      		http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html
      
      	So send the mail:
      		$ mail   listserv@info.cern.ch
      		www http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html
      		.
      
      	and you will receive the welcome.html page in the mail. 
      	You can obtain the references in this page using this same method.
        Note:  don't overuse or abuse this service.  Use it just 
        to obtain the clients list for example; then, obtain a WWW
        client.  As your systems administrator to install one.


	Use through telnet
	-----------------	
	You can access http documents through telent:

		telnet info.cern.ch

	North American users should try:
		
		telnet www.njit.edu

	and login as www.
 
        For other locations and options, see the list of WWW sites on
        the Yanoff Internet Services List (ftp://csd4.csd.uwm.edu/
        pub/inet.services.txt)

   	Once in one of these WWW telnet interfaces, 
        you can go to a specific URL by entering: 

      	   go http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Clients.html

NEWS
----
	If Usenet newsreader software is installed on your computer,
	you will be able to access "news."   Generally, you can 
	start your newsreader (like rn, trn, nn, xrn) by:

	$ rn

	and then proceed through the Usenet discussion (see help files
	listed in the Internet Tools Summary for more information.) 

PHONE
-----
	For the resources I have listed as "phone" access method,
	use a phone to dial the given number :).  I'd like to 
	eventually see the day when there will be a URL like this:

	   NII Dialup

	and with a computer/communications device, you could 
	click on a screen and have the computer dial the number.

TELNET
------
	You use telnet by knowing the host and (possibly port #
	and password):

	$ telnet ctp.org
	Trying 130.150.102.33 ...
	Connected to ctp.org.
	Escape character is '^]'.
	
	SunOS UNIX (eis.calstate.edu)
	
	login: lewisnts
	Last login: Sat Feb 12 03:58:29 from fantom.demos.su
	SunOS Release 4.1.3 (CTP) #4: Fri Jan 28 11:11:54 PST 1994
	
	Welcome to CORE, California Online Resources for Education
	
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