Append Change Insert Edit File (after) (range) (before) e [] f [] (.)a (.,.)c (.)i Read (after) Write (.)r [] (1,$)w [] . . . Delete Print Browse Move Kopy (range) (range) (screen) (range)(after) (range)(after) (.,.)d (.,.)p (.)b[.|-] (.,.)m (.,.)k Substitute Global Xcept (.,.)s/old/new/ or (1,$)g/text/command (1,$)x/text/command (.,.)s/old/new/g Metacharacters Equals Comment ? (any char) % (first char on line) * (closure) @ (escape) $ (last char on line) & (ditto) (.)= # text @n (newline) @t (tab) c1-c2 (range) [...] (class)