Subject: Re:Burn's critique on PM_Square! free energy !

From: [email-masked] (Stefan Hartmann)
Date: 09 May 1995 19:39:00 +0100

Stefan Hartmann ([email-masked]) wrote:
: Hi,
: I received this from an "anonymous" friend. Please read it and let me know
: what you think about this theory for the explanation of the TOMI and PM_Square
: effect !

: c) Permanent Magnet Motors
:                     ___________________________
:                   /                             \
:                 /                                 \
:  Mu metal     /                                     \
:  housing    /                                         \
:           /                                             \
:         /                                                 \
:       /                   _______________                   \
:     /                   /    ------->     \                   \
:    |       current    /      B-fields       \                  |
:    |          tube  /           |             \                |
:    |              /             |               \              |
:    |             |    /---------|----------\     |             |
:    |             |  / _______  <--  ________ \   |             |
:    |             |  ||S     N| /-\ |N      S||   |             |
:    |             |  ||_______| \-/ |________||   |             |
:    |             |  \       axis wire        /   |             |
:    |             |    \--------------------/     |             |
:    |              \           rotor              /             |
:    |               \    \                      /               |
:    |                \     \-->               /                 |
:     \                 \ ___________________/                  /
:       \                                                     /
:         \                                                 /
:           \                                             /
:             \                                         /
:               \                                     /
:                 \                                 /
:                   \_____________________________/

: fig.4 magnetic motor with no brushes; top view
: the magnet charges on the rotor are spinning around the axis wire
: in the stationary double circular and opposite rot B fields of
: the wire and the current tube.

Unfortunately, there is no opposite B field inside the current tube due to
the current in the current tube.  The B field due to the tube cancels inside
but does exist outside the tube.

The Jackson text is entirely wrong if it does discuss magnetic fields
without a potential - the electromagnetic 4-potential A always applies to
the conservation of 4-momentum (energy and momentum) by electromagnetic
interactions.  See GRAVITATION by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler.

The simultaneous presence of bare electric and magnetic monopole charges is
required to destroy the 4-potential and allow free energy devices.  I
have found a design for such a device and submitted it for publication in
the spirit of criticism of monopole theory.

--
Michael J. Burns     Contradiction resolution is the stuff of the universe.
[email-masked]  Observers fulfill the apriori need for fallibility.

Here is our reply: ( I received this from my anonymous friend, he is verygoo  
in theory !)

                     Permanent magnetic field motor

In the last lines of my last post I proposed to build a permanent magnetic
field motor using a circular non-conservative magnetic field exerted on the
magnetic charges of a magnetic dipol. In principle, this field can be
generated by a broken current loop (i.e. free moving charged particles or
current loops whose magnetic field is shielded partially by using partially
a mu-metal wrapped magnetic field shielding cable). It is not not possible
to do this with closed current loops whose field can be described formally by
a potential (1).
In this context another problem I emphasized was that in non-closed current
loops the magnetic force law between single differential current elements
seem not to be decided experimentally until today (2). For broken current
loops it seems unclear what is the correct law for the magnetic field.
Going back to this pre-Maxwellian-standpoint the adequate form of the broken
loop "Maxwell equations" remains unclear as well as the electrodynamic of
the theory of relativity, which is based upon. If one accepts this pre-
Maxwellian standpoint a disproval of my motor would be possible only if
there exist appropriate "Maxwell equations" for every differential magnetic
force law and for every broken current loop, which is not the case. Only if
we have closed current loops a derivation of the Maxwell equations is
possible and, if we know Maxwell's equations we can derive a Maxwell specific
force law of broken loops as well.
Although going back to the pre-Maxwellian standpoint might be interesting
I will refer here solely to the equations of Maxwell and the derivations
based upon because most people who can understand this are aquainted with
this equations and do not tolerate such big deviations.
The weakness of my last post was that I omitted to give a concrete example
which would give some foundation to my motor proposal.
Therefore, I will calculate an example here which shows that a modified
version of my original circular B-field motor proposal can work based
on the Maxwellian electrodynamic.
Without being an expert of the theory of relativity I believe to know the
following facts regarding this theory:
The formalism of the theory of special relativity combines the classical
equations of Maxwell in one expression. The old electromagnetic theory
remains valid and has not to be modified contrary to Newton's mechanic.
Therefore it is correct to calculate the B - field using the classical
formula of the vector potential A:

              A = integral j(x')/|x-x'| d3x'.

Calculating the curl we get the B-field. The calculation of the A - field
of my original motor proposal is analogous to the calculation of an
electrical field of an cylindrical capacitor. It can be done by
integrating the Poisson equation which, because of cylindrical coordinates
and cylindrical symmetry of the outer (at radius=r2) and the inner current
tube (or wire at radius r1), reduces to

           1/r d/dr (r dA/dr) =   j(r1)*deltafunction (r-r1)
                                + j(r2)*deltafunction (r-r2)

As a result we get a 1/r-dependence of B which, according Maxwell's
treatise on electricity and magnetism Vol.I (Dover publishing edition)
(comp. as well the last but one equation of his note), leads to a null
torque on the magnetic dipol charges of the magnetic rods which point
radially as well as in our motor proposal. Therefore, in this point, M.
Burns's critique of my post is justified. Using cylindical symmetry and
assuming the Maxwell equations to be valid we get no torque and the motor
cannot run.
Can other geometries (without magnetic monopols) be successful ?
M.Burns would say no perhaps, because of the conservation of energy,
momentum and angular momentum built in in all theories from Maxwell to
Einstein.
I say yes ! All what we require is a non - 1/r radial circular B-
field dependence. This can be generated by the following geometry which is
analogous to that of an electrical bowl capacitor of radius r0, comp.
fig.1a+b: One or more magnet rods the magnetic north poles pointing radially
circulate in an orbit in the equatorial plane of a bowl which is made of
conducting material. On this bowl a current is flowing in the direction
>from  the upper pole to the lower pole. In order to have a broken loop the
inner wall of the volume of the bowl is shielded by mu-metal and the inner
volume of the bowl contains the current sources. The  current density on the
surface is (roughly) maintained constant by adding current to appropriate
locations on the surface by mu metal shielded cables.
In order to calculate the field we solve again the Poisson equation. We use
polar coordinates this time. Because the problem is independent from the
coordinates of the angles the Poisson equation reduces to

       (d^2 A)/(dr)^2 + 2/r(dA/dr) = 1/r (d^2 (r*A))/(dr)^2
                                   = deltafunction (r-r0) j(r)

Solving this equation we get

                    A(r) = j(r0)*r0(1-r0/r)

Using this geometry and calculating the curl, a 1/r^2 - dependence of the
circular B-field can be calculated in the equatorial plane of the orbit.
This leads to a torque T around the upper-lower-pole axis exerted on both
the rods by the magnetic charges +/- g(r) at radiuses r1/2 in the field:

              T = B(r1) * r1 * g(r1) -  B(r2) * r2 * g(r2)

Remembering that B = C/r^2 (C is a constant) in the equatorial plane we
get a non-vanishing net torque of

              T = C g (1/r1 - 1/r2)

Therefore, a circular constant magnetic B - field motor is feasible.
It remains the question whether this motor violates the theory of
electromagnetism ?
We emphasized already why the normal theory of relativisic electrodynamic
cannot be applied because it cannot describe the magnetic field of broken
current loops.
Regarding Maxwell's equations describing the conservative balance of
momentum and energy we see that conservation of all this physical entities
is restricted to electrical charges and the fields generated by them.
But if we have a mechanic coupling of the field to permanent spins of
a hard ferromagnet (not to a charge) then we have a situation which
differs physically completely from the situation described by Maxwell as
well as by the theory for special relativity.
Ampere's idea of constant molecular currents is incompatible if we leave
the magnetostatics. For example a perfectly hard ferromagnet cannot be
influenced by a changing B-field contrary to a current loop. There exists
no Lenz Law for spins. The coupling of a field to spins normally is not
accounted for in the energy balances of the theory of eletromagnetism.
Therefore, the situation is not covered by electro>dynamics<. I remember
that I emphasized that I did not claim that my motor proposal is a
perpetuum mobile. I cannot claim this because I do not know the exact
energy balance. I suppose that energy is needed to accelerate the motor
because the rotating magnetic charges induce a (Lenz) voltage in the
current tubes which acts against the battery voltages driving the current.
Nevermind, the question remains open: Is it possible to replace the elec-
trical sources of the circular non 1/r - B-field by permanent magnets ?.
If this is the case then we would have a "perpetuum mobile" and we would
have the problem how to establish the conservation laws again under this
conditions.
I do not know whether the theory of relativity is able to replace
adequately the magnetic moment of a spin formally by a local dipolar
distribution of magnetic monopoles, or whether a formal replacement of the
spins by a magnetic dipol distribution can explain some facts partially.

Bibliography:

1) Landau L.D., Lifshitz E.M.
   Elektrodynamik der Kontinua   Kapitel4, Paragraph 30, Aufgabe 1
   Verlag Harri Deutsch, Akademie Verlag Berlin 1982

2) Whittaker, Edmund
   A history of tthe theories of Aether and Electricity
   Vol. I  The classical theories

   Aspden, Harold
   Physics without Einstein     Sabberton, Southampton 1969
   Modern Aether Physics        Sabberton, Southampton 1975

   International Glasnost Journal of Fundamental Physics
   Vol.3, No.11, Marinov, Stefan; p. 18

side view:                      |
                                 .
                           _____________
                         / ------|------ \
            current    //        |        \ \
               bowl  //\         |        / \ \
                   //    \       |      /     \ \
  ----------------||       \     |    /         ||----------------
  |  ___________  ||         |   |   |          ||  ___________  |
  | |N         S| ||    +   ___ ___ ___         || |S         N| |
  | |___________| ||    -    -   -   - batteries|| |___________| |
  |    rotor      ||         |   |   |          ||    rotor      |
  ----------------||       /     |    \         ||----------------
                   \\    /       |      \      //
                     \\/   mu-metal-shield\  //
                       \\ _______|_____|__ //
                         \_______|________/
                                 .
                                 |  rotation axis

fig.1a: permanent magnetic field motor, side view
        current flowing from the upper to the lower pole of the bowl
        current density is constant over whole surface
        field of inner current source is shielded off

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                               <-----------
top view:                                 path of rotation of the
                                             magnet satellites on
                           _____________            \    rotor
                         / ------------- \            \
            current    //                 \ \           \
               bowl  //                     \ \          |
                   //                         \ \        |
                  ||                            ||       |
     ___________  ||                            ||  ___________
    |N         S| ||                            || |S         N|
    |___________| ||                            || |___________|
                  ||                            ||
                  ||                            ||
          |        \\                          //
          |          \\                      //
          |            \\ ________________ //
           \             \________________/
             \
               \
                 \
                   \----->  path of rotation of the magnet
                            satellites on rotor

fig.1b: permanent magnetic field motor, top view
        current flowing from the upper to the lower pole of the bowl
        current density is constant over whole surface
        field of inner current source is shielded off
        the current sources of the bowl are placed in the inner volume
        of the bowl, but they are not drawn in the figure

-----------------------------------------------------------------

disclaimer regarding employer
anti-copyright - can be copied by everybody for nothing
--
Hartmann Multimedia Service
Dipl. Ing. Stefan Hartmann
Keplerstr. 11 B, 10589 Berlin, Germany
Tel: ++ 49 30 344 23 66   FAX: ++ 49 30 344 92 79
email: [email-masked]     [email-masked]
Web access: http://www.b-2.de.contrib.net/harti/harti.html

---

From: Ed & JK Kolar <[email-masked]>
Date: 10 May 1995 23:25:31 GMT

[email-masked] (Stefan Hartmann) wrote:

text removed for brevity

 >        of the bowl, but they are not drawn in the figure

Man, you deserve an "A" on this paper.  WOW!
Ed   out//
-- 
Ed Kolar ([email-masked]) 
A non-interneted BBS at:  1-203 449-8100  USRVfast 28800 8,n,1 out//