++++++++> Thank you very much for you prompt answer. It was very helpful. I was reading a book by John Morris called "The Arthurian Age" in which he refers to a kingdo m (British) with its capital based in York, which fell to Brynaich in 597. One of its co-rulers was a man named Peredur. He doesn't mention the name of that kingdom. Does anybody know what it might be? Colin, I guessed at Efrog becau se somebody in some Irish bar in New York told me that its name was Efrog Newyd d yn Gymraeg. Nothing like a little scholarly intuition. Thanks again. Brian >++++++++ I had no idea before reading your mail that Efrog might be York. I assumed that you were asserting that it was, and asking whether it had always been, and swiftly came up with an entirely ad hoc (intuitive?) (though solidly based) reason for it. At the same time I knew that the word was familiar, and now I know where from. Isn't one of the romances in the Mabinogion (not the original pedair ceinc, but one of the later ones from the Llyfr Gwyn) Peredur uab Efrawc? (ie Peredur son of Efrog)? Colin