Dafydd mentioned using 'chi' to his parents, and Geraint of doing so until the death of his father, when he switched to using 'ti' with his mother. Both say that their parents used 'ti' to their own parents. I, too, always used 'chi', and continue to do so with my mother. I must say that it has never crossed my mind to change, and I find it interesting that Geraint did so. I wonder how common this is. I've never considered 'chi' (to parents) to imply any particular formality or dependence, though it must be a mark of respect. I can't remember hearing anyone 'correcting' children for using the 'ti' forms, and it must be a matter of linguistic instinct within each family unit. I remember one friend telling me once though that her parents had discussed whether to use 'chi' or 'ti' with their children, something which I find quite strange. (They opted for 'ti', which I suspect is almost universal today). As quite a few people mentioned, the tendency - as happens elsewhere - is to use 'ti' more often, but 'chi' is very much alive and kicking. A Breton friend mentioned once that his elderly landlady in Aberystwyth felt quite hurt when he originally used 'ti' with her. In, for instance, the early works of Kate Roberts, reflecting the situation (familiar to her) in the early part of this century, one will find husband and wife using 'chi' to one another, but this again must be dying out. My maternal grandmother used 'chi' to my grandfather but he used 'ti' to her, which proves that the form the other person uses to you isn't necessarily the one you should use to them! All these complications weren't present in Middle Welsh, where 'ti' was used for one person and 'chwi' for more than one. This is still the case in Irish, but the use of 'chwi' for more formal uses seems to have begun in the fifteenth century. To move on to some minor corrections to Gwers Cymraeg 3 (recte: _G_ymraeg), the pronouns after the verbal forms, such as rydw i, maen nhw etc. aren't considered to be the grammatical subject. This is contained in the verb itself, which can and is used without an affixed pronoun. Also, though similar in form, the 'yr' before the verb can hardly have developed from the article. It would be better to call it a pre-verbal particle. In negative responses 'nac' is the standard written form, despite it being pronounced [nag]. As is the case with 'ac' [ag] ("and"), the spelling alows one to distinguish between them and 'ag' and 'nag'. I think somebody asked a while back what was the difference between 'chi' and 'chwi'. The latter is merely the (by-today) somewhat formal written form. As to the query on Llanbrynmair, I'm almost certain that it's in in Powys. It certainly used to be in Sir Drefaldwyn (Montgomereyshire). If one can judge from the modern form of the name (which one often can't), its meaning must be something like 'The church of the hill of Mary'. I saw a few weeks ago that among the honorary degrees meted out by the University of Wales was one to the Canadian writer Robertson Davies. I didn't realize that he was at all well-known in Wales, and am curious to know why he was honoured. Hardly any bequest to the University. Any Welsh connections? Cofion, Dewi. [Evansc92@irlearn.ucd.ie]