According to the grammar books, in formal writing 'when' is "pan" with the present indicative of "bod" when the present moment is specified, as in: (1) mae'n rhaid iddo beidio a^ chanu'r piano nawr, pan yw'i dad yn sa^l On the other hand, 'when' is "pryd" when there's some specific time reference, as in: (2) deuwch ddydd Mawrth, pryd y bydd gennyf win da Well, "nawr" seems as specific as "ddydd Mawrth", and I wonder whether you couldn't alternatively have "pryd" in (1): (3) mae'n rhaid iddo beidio a^ canu'r piano nawr, pryd y mae'i dad yn sa^l Or is it that (3) would mean something subtly different from (1)? ************************ Nigel Love Linguistics Cape Town NLOVE@BEATTIE.UCT.AC.ZA ************************