'Wedodd Nigel A preposed adverbial taking a nominalised complement! This is syntactically very interesting (go on, sigh if you like) and fits in with my theory that Welsh is well on the road to abandoning verbs altogether. How does the fod-construction here compare (stylistically, etc.) with "wrth gwrs mae Charlie yn siarad Cymraeg"? And how far can you take it? "Efallai fod Charlie ..."? "Ddoe fod Charlie..."? "Yn Aberystwyth fod Charlie ..."? If it was 'of course Charlie spoke Welsh' (i.e. once in the past), could you say "wrth gwrs i Charlie siarad Cymraeg"? Is there any way of getting out of using a real verb if it was 'of course Charlie will/would/would have speak/spoken Welsh'? ==================================================================== Mae 'efallai fod' yn gywir, ond mae 'ddoe fod' a 'yn Aber fod 'etc yn sicir yn anghywir - 'mae' ddylid ei ddefnyddio yma. 'Mae' yw 'is', tra mae 'fod' yw 'does'. Felly 'wrth gwrs mae Charlie yn siarad Cymraeg' yw 'of course Charlie IS speking Welsh' - hollol wahanol.Os defnyddir 'wrth gwrs i Charlie siarad Cymraeg' rhaid rhoi 'ar un adeg' i feddwl 'at some point in the past'. Paid gofyn pam - 'dwi jest yn siarad yr iaith! Rhodri