2002-03-01 -+- Thomas -+- th.lehwald@gmx.net -+- Hi folks,

I think this article is a very important step in the right direction. It should give more of that kind. Linux is a good choice for a development platform and why not as a cross platform for micros?
The article itself has a clear structure and discribes all necessesaries to start with avr-gcc.

Thanks!
2002-03-15 -+- peter schmitt -+- -+- very good article 2002-03-22 -+- Jan Svenungson -+- jan.svenungson@linux.nu -+- O man! This is so cool... Im new to this kind of hardware experimenting but it is so fun...
And there AVR stuff are cheap to... Im sure going to build this stuff and hack away... 2002-03-28 -+- Harinder -+- dhingra_h@yahoo.com -+- Good, to start the things. Teachers and students can be beniffited with this.
Can a article on PEC from Microchips can also be given.

2002-03-29 -+- DS Oberoi -+- ds_oberoi@yahoo.com -+- Superb.

Anyhting on similar lines for 8051 family (INTEL) also. 2002-04-02 -+- Robos -+- -+- Nice article. Nice to know that such a controller exists and that it is so simple to attach the controller to the host computer. BUT:
Why is the layout of the microcontroller given in some sort of ordered fashion and not as it is with the real thing? When you want to build the thing you have to compare the given schematics with the actual layout of the avr which is rather error-prone. And, more problematic:
The layout for the connecting cable is simply
WRONG!
The layout on the board is given as GND - 19 - 18 - 17 - Reset AND NOT as given in the cable part as 19 - 18 - 17 - Reset - GND (in the side-by-side part)!!!
Can somebody with some electronics knowledge tell me if this switch could fry anything? Southbridge? Or only the AVR?
Robos 2002-04-02 -+- guido socher -+- -+- This is a reply to the previous talkback:
The schematics of circuits are by convention drawn such that
they are easy to read and understand. The symbols never reflect the
exact pin position of the real devices.
The cable is correct as far as I can see. It does not matter which wire is
left or right. Unless you use a flat band cable you will anyhow not have any
physical order. The only thing that matters is: Which pin from the parallel
port is connected to which pin on the AVR:

pin on AVR -> Pin on parallel port
SCK (19) -> Strobe (1)
MISO (18)-> Busy (11)
MOSI (17)-> D0 (2)
Reset (1) -> Init (16)
GND -> GND (18)

This article is nothing for people who have no experience with
electonic circuits.
2002-04-08 -+- Udo Puetz -+- -+- /dev/parport0 is missing under debian woody. You can create it with
the command:
mknod /dev/parport0 c 99 0
2002-04-26 -+- Arno Wilhelm -+- a.wilhelm@phion.com -+- Great article. It gives a very good start for people who want to dig deeper into microcontroller programming!

Thanks,

Arno 2002-04-30 -+- -+- -+- I have been programming the AVR with assembly (avra-0.7, ponyprog)
for some time now. This article is the first comprehensive avr-gcc
howto under linux that I have seen. Good work! The code example and
the Makefile is very valuable.

Regards,

-- Mike D 2002-05-23 -+- Greg Pratt -+- gpratt3151@yahoo.com -+- I am very pleased to see such an article. I've been looking at ways to do some Analog to Digital Conversion for logging purposes whilst using Linux as the platform. Thanks for starting basic and building from there. -+- 67.105.101.21 = Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) 2002-05-30 -+- hj_18 -+- mh_jcxx@citiz.net -+- 我发现在RedHat7.2,Mandrake8.1和Turbolinux6.5上安装avr-gcc时,不能完全依照文章中的方法,在我第一次安装上述版本的Linux后,未做任何配置上的改动时去安装文章中的软件,结果是gcc-core-3.0.3.tar.gz不能正确make,而avr-libc和uisp的make也出错,因此我做了如下改动,终于装上了这些软件包。
1。安装avr-gcc时,要在/usr/bin中建立一个avr-ar的连接
2。安装avr-libc时,要在/usr/bin中建立一个avr-gcc和avr-ranlib的连接
3。安装uisp时,要修改DAPA。c,把开头的一句中的“i386”改成“i686”
另外,turbolinux6.5的kernel太旧,没有ppdev模块,不知如何是好;
而redhat7.2的gnome和kde要发生冲突,用pq7。0时会发现有错误;
而mandrake8。1中,我的floppy不能用了,也没有gtk编程的现成软件,速度和redhat一样,慢透了。 -+- 61.171.139.29 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt) 2002-05-30 -+- Leonard Penzer -+- -+- Great article.
But I had to add /usr/local/atmel/bin a little bit further - before doing make for gcc-core. Perhaps it could be fixed in the article. -+- 131.246.141.93 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; de-AT; rv:0.9.9) Gecko/20020408 2002-05-30 -+- Craig Limber -+- ffdude@shaw.ca -+- Hey there;

I have a question: what is the sequence for bringing the power on?
Do I power on the AVR before doing the load or after? I want to
embed my AVR into a little mobile robot. Basically, I guess I want
to know if I have to have a "program mode" switch on the robot to
keep it from wandering off and trying to drag my computer along
behind it when I try to update its programming. Can you program
the AVR when it is trying to run the previous program?
Craig -+- 208.38.45.6 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; Q312461) 2002-06-06 -+- guido socher -+- -+- Hi Craig!
The AVR needs to have power before
you program it. The programer software will set it into a mode where
all input/output lines are "just floating" (open collector).
Note also that the makefile is designed such that the programing is
done in 2 steps: First erase then program.

This means it will execute any old program and then suddenly stop when
the programer gives it a reset and goes to programing mode.

If the AVR chip is fresh from factory then it contains nothing. Everything
is zero in the EEPROM and the AVR will do nothing.
-+- 217.185.247.14 = Opera/6.0 (Linux 2.4.17 i586; U) [en] 2002-06-10 -+- Michael -+- -+- Great stuff.
I'd suggest showing how to get gdb going as a future article.

Now for my question.
How does the linker file work for this? I noticed one isn't used and it somehow grabs a premade one. Can you explain how to change that? I know people can. Also, is there a reason it would be required? I saw that a 'C' application on ATMELS web site had included a .xcl file along with the C code. In the header of their linker type of file it says:

XLINK command file for the ICCA90 C-compiler using the -v1, -ms options.Segments are defined for a generic AT90S with a maximum of 64 Kbytes data address space and 8 Kbytes program address space.
Usage: xlink your_file(s) -f lnk1s
-+- 142.59.212.119 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows 98; AtHome0102) 2002-06-12 -+- ditto -+- ditto@163.com -+- i have build it, it's OK, i want to go on make a new circuit,
-+- 218.20.60.247 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt) 2002-07-09 -+- Greg Pratt -+- gpratt3151@yahoo.com -+- Finally got all the parts from your article except I used a ATS902313.
Everything went smoothly and I have my flashing green LED! Fantastic
article. Keep up the great work.

-Greg -+- 12.238.175.161 = Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) 2002-07-15 -+- Jonathan Richards -+- -+- Its a great article, very concise and tells you just what you
need to get started.
As I didn't want to risk blowing up my motherboard parallel port
I bought a 2 port pci parallel card from RL Supplies, http://www.rlsupplies.co.uk.(no connection with them)
No problems getting it running from the Linux-friendly instructions
and uisp works if you then use /dev/parport1 or /dev/parport2. -+- 80.1.17.241 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Galeon; 0.12; 590848) 2002-08-01 -+- Nicolas Scheer -+- -+- I like the clear, precise and useful things.
It's so rare on the net.

Thanks. -+- 213.77.21.141 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows 98) 2002-08-04 -+- iitze -+- iitze@yahoo.com.tw -+- I have a big trouble!! It can't work.
Could someone help me??

I don't have 4433, so I use 8515 to test.
I also make pins right,
pins on AT90S8515 <---> name <---> pins on parallel port
6 MOSI 2
7 MISO 11
8 SCK 1
9 RESET 16
40 VCC 40
20 GND 18~25

and I replace "MCU=at90s4433" to "MCU=at90s8515"
`make` will be ok.

Then when I key in `make load`,
it shows
"""
uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --erase -dprog=dapa
An error has occurred during the AVR initialization.
* Target status:
Vendor Code = 0xff, Part Family = 0xff, Part Number = 0xff

Probably the wiring is incorrect or target might be `damaged'.
make: *** [load] Error 2
""".
But if I add `-dpart=at90s8515` in that line
then it will ok, too.
I also add `-dpart=at90s8515` in next line
key in `make load`
it seems uploading hex file.

But but..
the LED does't light.

I have spent a lot time to find out what't wrong
but it still doesn't work.
I also try download the code in the FLASH, but it also have some problem.
It seems don't detect the AVR.

How could I do, could someone help me, please?
Thanks.



-+- 139.175.57.122 = Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Konqueror/3.0.0-10; Linux) 2002-08-04 -+- iitze -+- -+- oo, maybe I broke the ic.

I find article in the "avr-gcc-list"

> It's a well-known problem that it can sometimes happen to destroy the
> ID bytes in serial programming. Atmel acknowledges this in appnote
> 910, page 5:
>
> ``Table 5 indicates that the Device Code will sometimes read as $FF.
> If this happens, the part Device Code has not been programmed into the
> device. This does not indicate an error, but the part has to be
> manually identified in the programmer.''

Can I have any method to `save` the ic,
or at least I won't broke next one? -+- 139.175.57.122 = Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Konqueror/3.0.0-10; Linux) 2002-08-16 -+- D.S. Oberoi and Stumpf Michael -+- -+- A note on math and avr:
-----------------------
To use the mathematical like functions sqrt, cos, ... etc
with ARV, you need to "#include <math.h>" and link against the
libm.a library file, found in ../avr/lib directory.
and by setting -lm option.

The floating point support for AVR-GCC is only for 32 bit float,
say double equals float and has the accordingly accuracy.

-+- 217.185.247.6 = Opera/6.02 (Linux 2.4.17 i586; U) [en] 2002-09-06 -+- Akhmad Fathonih -+- akhmad_f@hotmail.com -+- Hi,
I'm new in this area and I found this article very attractive to read.
I've been facing the difficulties on electronic matter since I don't have any electronical background (I've been taking Computer Science).
So, I'll be very happy if there are articles to ppl like me. -+- 64.110.103.132 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98; TUCOWS) 2002-09-16 -+- Stan -+- Stanman17@hotmail.com -+- Hay,
I have a problem. I have a royonic and that machine need a floppy disk to boot from every time you put it on. I wand to make a print whit a Eprom and a microcontroller. And whit a Floppy disc conector. So the microcontroller must simulate a disc drive. Is that possible and how?

regards Stan -+- 213.19.144.34 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows 98) 2002-09-24 -+- stalyc -+- starlyc@yahoo.com -+- excellent -+- 218.29.169.118 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0b; Windows 98) 2002-09-27 -+- Floris -+- floris-(at)-linuxfocus-(dot)-org -+- Hi Guido.
Is there any particular reason that you use an AVR instaed of an Atmel PIC?
I am familiar with the PIC 16F860 (or 16Fsomething else) but not with the AVR - they seam to be pretty similar.
Why did you choose AVR over PIC ? -+- 134.58.253.193 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i586; en-US; rv:1.2a) Gecko/20020910 2002-09-28 -+- guido -+- -+- Hi Floris,
because I wanted to have a good C compiler and Linux
development environment for the uC. Apart from that
AVR has more advanced features than PIC. -+- 217.185.247.1 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.0.0) Gecko/20020529 2002-09-29 -+- Floris -+- floris-(at)-linuxfocus-(dot)-org -+- Yes I understaind.
I once found some GPL Linux PIC development tools on the net, but there was no C compiler I believe.
I still have one PIC (blew up the other one!) and maybe some day I'll try to use it with Linux. I don't need C at the moment, but it really can be a huge advantage. The advantage of the PIC is (I think?) that it is still a bit cheaper than the AVR. -+- 80.200.81.94 = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Win98; nl-NL; rv:1.0.0) Gecko/20020530 2002-11-05 -+- jk -+- jink@teklink.net -+- very good article,please go on -+- 202.221.30.254 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0) 2002-11-07 -+- RoBSki! -+- -+- http://www.gheos.com/avr , my free AVR stuff :) ciao -+- 212.64.25.28 = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Win98; en-US; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2002-11-09 -+- zebaze kana M.G. -+- zebazem@ictp.trieste.it -+- It sounds cool, but the usual trend is to download the code using the Serial Port -+- 140.105.16.2 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) 2002-11-18 -+- Craig Limber -+- ffdude@shaw.ca -+- Did anyone manage to make this work?

I could not. Tried two different computers/OS versions, and MANY
difference versions of uisp/avr-gcc/avr-libc and always I got this:

uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --erase -dprog=dapa
An error has occurred during the AVR initialization.
* Target status:
Vendor Code = 0xff, Part Family = 0xff, Part Number = 0xff

Probably the wiring is incorrect or target might be `damaged'.
make: *** [load] Error 2

I tried different 4433 chips but no joy. Power is good, all connections
are verified. When powered the AVR's clock is running at 4 meg (measured
it with a frequency counter). A logic probe shows action over the
parallel port (all modules loaded) but never gets past that one error.
Tried the same circuit one of my buddies using my computer and software
and got exactly the same message.

Parallel port works (verified with my PIC burner).

One thing I don't understand. At the top-left of the schematic there
is this little bit with VCC/GND and JP1. What is that for?

Any help will be humungeously appreciated.

Current OS and stuff: redhat 7.3 on AMD 1800. Also tried redhat 7.2
on PII 300. Tried every version of gcc-core, avr-libc, uisp and binutils
that I could find on the net in either source code or RPMs. I'm
stumped. *sniff*

Craig -+- 68.145.145.149 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2002-11-18 -+- Craig Limber -+- ffdude@shaw.ca -+- NO WAIT! It works! I had a bad reset pullup resistor. It would
never go low when uisp was trying to talk with it. DOH! DOUBLE DOH!

Craig
-+- 68.145.145.149 = Mozilla/4.79 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.12-20 i686) 2002-11-21 -+- honschu -+- -+- Great Article
GO ON!

It would be great to read more. So I could increase my knowledge leaded by a master ;) -+- 217.229.194.166 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2002-11-21 -+- honschu -+- -+- I'll build the Project.
Is it possible to use the Atmega8 instead of useing AT90S4433 without any
changes in hard and software? So I can write bigger C Programs.

The Atmega8 is a little bit more expensive, but has:

Flash Vcc Eeprom SRAM
Atmega8 8 KB 4.5V 512B 1 KB+32 Registers
AT90S4433 4 KB 4.0V 256B 128B+32 Registers -+- 217.229.194.166 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2002-11-22 -+- guido -+- -+- Hello Honschu,
yes, you can use a Atmega8. Of course the pinout of the AT90S4433
is different from Atmega. Check which pin is PD5 on Atmega.
You can use the same C-code (the simple test program from this
article, not in general). You can not use the same object code.


-+- 195.126.219.35 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; SunOS sun4u; en-US; rv:1.1) Gecko/20020829 2002-12-04 -+- Marko -+- -+- Finally good and working instructions how to program avr in linux.
Only thing I had to do was 'export /usr/local/atmel/bin:${PATH}' BEFORE compiling gcc-core. -+- 195.10.158.1 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 2000) Opera 6.02 [en] 2003-01-18 -+- Brooke -+- brookbot(at)yahoo.com -+- Great article, finally got mine built and working :)

o I had to add ../atmel/bin to my path
o For some reason my parport was /dev/parport1 and not 0 (RedHat 7.2 + patches)
o I also had to add the include path to the makefile (-I/.../atmel/avr/include) for io.h
o I moved the "while (ms) { ms--; " loop outside of the other loops in the delay to get control over the LED blink rate.

This chip is really cool.

If anyone is interested, I can have some 2 sided PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) manufactured for this project and others. Making your own PCB, or using a proto soldering board and wires (my method) takes a long time , is error prone, and difficult for beginners. Soldering fabricated PCBs is a lot easier IMHO.

If there is enough intrest I can get PCBs for about $10 a piece, but it has to be a bulk order. If you are interested, send me mail.

I can also make kits for beginners if people want.
-Brooke -+- 209.216.216.174 = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:0.9.4) Gecko/20011128 Netscape6/6.2.1 2003-01-18 -+- Brooke -+- brookbot(at)yahoo.com -+- BTW- total cost of the project (parts + PCB) was ~ $30 USD

Of course I already had a 5v power supply. Oh yeah, I was able to run the LED test circuit off of 2 1.5v watch batteries! I measured the batteries and had just under 3v total, but the AVR still worked just fine! Really cool.

-Brooke -+- 209.216.216.174 = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:0.9.4) Gecko/20011128 Netscape6/6.2.1 2003-01-19 -+- Pradyumna Sampath -+- prady@prady.net -+- This is a great article who are going to start programming with Microcontrollers.I hope to see a lot more artcles regarding this subject.

Great work again
Congrats
prady -+- 219.65.151.133 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:0.9.9) Gecko/20020408 2003-02-04 -+- guido -+- -+- As already pointed out in some comments above there is a
minor error in the article. You need to add the
directory /usr/local/atmel/bin already to your path after
the installation of binutils. This is because the binutils
are needed for the installation of gcc.

In bash this is:
export PATH=/usr/local/atmel/bin:${PATH}

Sorry.
-+- 217.185.243.103 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.2.1) Gecko/20021130 2003-02-06 -+- w.Motzkus -+- dk5eg-hof@t-online.de -+- Tnx for the great effort to give newbies a big lift into the sizzling world of AVR's.
While trying to install the GNU binutils, the first problem I encountered was a missing version of binutils on the listed ftp-sites.
2.12.2 : yes! (among many others)
2.11.2.: no!
I used binutils 2.12.1 instead. Is this critical? And eventually responsible for the problems I encountered during the rest of the installation?
-+- 217.227.123.51 = Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Konqueror/2.1.2; X11) 2003-02-07 -+- guido -+- -+- Hello Motzkus,
this is very strage I can see the binutils-2.11.2.tar.gz
even today at
ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu/binutils/
or
ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/binutils/
or
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/

Check again the above links. 2.11.2 is there!
I have never tried 2.12.2 so I can't tell you.
-+- 217.185.243.122 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.2.1) Gecko/20021130 2003-02-07 -+- W.Motzkus -+- -+- Yep! Thats alright!
Meanwhile I did find the correct version. The bz2-Version.
Still, in the final round, while installingthe AVR-C-Library the same error message pops up.
Like I said: I' m a newbie and did stick to every literal of your installation script.
Starting directory and installation directory: I used them to the best of my knowledge, but obviously this is not good enough!
I keep trying!
Tnx for the quick response!

Winfried Motzkus -+- 217.83.151.82 = Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Konqueror/2.1.2; X11) 2003-02-20 -+- AUBRY Jean-Marc -+- -+- Hello
Tkank you for this very good article,now I can start to work with a microcontroleur and develop program on linux machine.My problem is following, I can load the programm into the µC 2 or 3 times, but after with the command make load I have a following message :

Cannot identify device because is looked.
Device similar to the ATmega103-old is found.
Page write disabled
FLASH write delay ...
EEPROM write delay ...
Uploading flash
#Device is locked.
Adress out of memory range.
make: *** [load] Erreur3

Why this error? I work with a AT90S8515 and the makefile is OK -+- 62.147.33.220 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; fr-FR; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2003-02-21 -+- guido -+- -+- Hi Jean-Marc,
I have never seen this problem myself but I have a friend who
had a new carpet in his room. I told him to take off the shoes and
the problem disappeared. These uCs are cmos devices and ESD can
easily kill them or damage them. -+- 195.126.219.35 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; SunOS sun4u; en-US; rv:1.2.1) Gecko/20030107 2003-02-23 -+- Jean-Marc -+- aubry.jeanmarc@free.fr -+- Hello.
I don't know where is a problem, but I have found I idea to work with UISP and the AT90S8535.I have modify the Makefile :

before

load :
uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --erase -dprog=dapa -v=3
uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --upload if=avrledtest.hex -v*3 --hash=32

after
(to clear program into the memory µC)

erase :
uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --erase -dprog=dapa -v=3

(to load program into the memory µC)

load :
uisp -dlpt=/dev/parport0 --upload if=avrledtest.hex -v*3 --hash=32

and now I can work !!!

But, I can spécify that the cable between computer and µC measure more 1,5 meter, and I have not any problem. -+- 62.147.39.74 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; fr-FR; rv:1.0.1) Gecko/20020823 Netscape/7.0 2003-03-07 -+- Paulo -+- psilva@opensoftware-br.com -+- Hi Guido!!
This article is the best I found, for beginner to AVR.
I was looking for a material to begin my project with avr atmega161, now I found it.
This hardware and software work with atmega161?
If I lock microcontroller, the uisp program may unlock it again?
Thank you, you did a good work.

Paulo
-+- 200.158.5.125 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:0.9.8) Gecko/20020204 2003-05-07 -+- zhangzhao -+- zz112233@sohu.com.cn -+- i am glad to find some information -+- 211.163.42.194 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows 98) #2003-05-14 -+- mori -+- morteza_ziaee -+- i want to make aprogramer to programin cmos eprom .please help me -+- 194.225.77.125 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322) 2003-06-18 -+- zwl -+- wl@163.net -+- dood,very good!
-+- 219.145.107.4 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98) 2003-07-14 -+- edith -+- edith.andrez@wanadoo.fr -+- Hello,
I am trying to realise this good project with AT Mega 8 and Red Hat 9.0.

But ha problems to unzip binutils-2.11..., and for use gcc-core.

Perhaps is it too old version for RedHat9.0. If it is so, please can you send to me the new versions.


-+- 193.248.43.122 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0; Wanadoo 5.5) 2003-08-02 -+- Gonzalo Rojas -+- gonra@elo.utfsm.cl -+- I probe last gcc(3.3) & binutils(2.14) to upgrade my avr-compiler, but it fails!
Now, when i compile sample program avrledtest it says:

>[gonra@localhost avrledtest-0.1]$ make
> avr-gcc -mmcu=at90s4433 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Os -mcall-prologues -o > avrledtest.out -Wl,-Map,avrledtest.map avrledtest.o
> avrledtest.o(.text+0x1e): In function `main':
> : referencia a `__stack' sin definir
> avrledtest.o(.text+0x20): In function `main':
> : referencia a `__stack' sin definir
> make: *** [avrledtest.out] Error 1

Someone had same trouble?? -+- 200.1.16.209 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.3) Gecko/20030313 2003-08-06 -+- David Green -+- kdgreen@fastmail_dot_fm -+- gcc (3.3) has a problem with the stack pointer. It can be fixed by passing the address of RAMEND to the linker or, what i eventually did, get the gcc (3.3.1) beta in which a nice soul has fixed the problem (something to do with weak types). this gcc works with AT90S2313, AT90S8535 and ATMEGA128.

The latest newlib and binutils seem to be fine.

For the 2313 the following change to the Makefile defines the initial stack pointer when using gcc(3.3):

avrledtest.out : avrledtest.o
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -Wl,--defsym,__stack=223 -Wl,-Map,avrledtest.map -o avrledtest.out avrledtest.o

David
-+- 210.49.193.160 = Mozilla/5.0 Galeon/1.2.7 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20030131 #2003-09-04 -+- sandeep verma -+- sandy_army2003@yahoo.com -+- sir
we want to program at90s4433 microcontroler to use the analog to digital port of it , we want whole discription step by step about the programing that for analog to digital convertor port and the requirmants to do so -+- 202.131.115.150 = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows 98; Win 9x 4.90) 2003-09-06 -+- Philippe -+- mail@guerin.de -+- Ich würde gerne wissen, wie man für den AVR Microcontroller
Interrupts programmiert. Interrupts sind mir von der theorie her geläufig,
habe aber noch nie einen Programmiert (nur scheiß polling betrieb.

Wäre super cool, wenn jemand einen Link zu einem Listing mit Interrupts für den
AVR hat, oder sonstige Datenblätter zum Thema Interrupt!!!

Vielen Dank und viel Spaß noch!!

Ciao
Philippe -+- 217.184.129.51 = Mozilla/4.61 [en] (Win98; I) 2003-09-06 -+- guido -+- -+- Hi Philippe,
just have a look at any of the articles later on in this
series. They all use interrups.
-+- 199.243.82.250 = Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.4) Gecko/20030819