Verse 1
dhṛitarāśhtra uvācha
dharma-kṣhetre kuru-kṣhetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ
māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāśhchaiva kimakurvata sañjaya
dhṛitarāśhtraḥ uvācha
Dhritarashtra said
dharma-kṣhetre kuru-kṣhetre samavetāḥ yuyutsavaḥ
the land of dharma at Kurukshetra having gathered desiring to fight
māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ cha eva kim akurvata sañjaya
my sons the sons of Pandu and certainly what did they do Sanjay
---
Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “O Sanjaya, what did my people and the Pāṇḍavas do, gathered together on the holy field of Kurukshetra, eager for battle?”
Verse 2
sañjaya uvācha
dṛiṣhṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ vyūḍhaṁ duryodhanastadā
āchāryamupasaṅgamya rājā vachanamabravīt
sanjayaḥ uvācha
Sanjay said
dṛiṣhṭvā tu pāṇḍava-anīkam vyūḍham duryodhanaḥ tadā
on observing but the Pandava army standing in a military formation King Duryodhan then
āchāryam upasaṅgamya rājā vachanam abravīt
teacher approached the king words spoke
---
Sanjaya said: King Duryodhana, upon seeing the Pandava army in battle array, approached his teacher Drona and said these words.
Verse 3
paśhyaitāṁ pāṇḍu-putrāṇām āchārya mahatīṁ chamūm
vyūḍhāṁ drupada-putreṇa tava śhiṣhyeṇa dhīmatā
paśhya etām pāṇḍu-putrāṇām āchārya mahatīm chamūm
behold this of the sons of Pandu respected teacher mighty army
vyūḍhām drupada-putreṇa tava śhiṣhyeṇa dhī-matā
arrayed in a military formation son of Drupad, Dhrishtadyumna by your disciple intelligent
---
Behold, O teacher, this mighty army of the Pandavas, arrayed by the son of Drupada, your intelligent disciple.
Verse 4
atra śhūrā maheṣhvāsā bhīmārjuna-samā yudhi
yuyudhāno virāṭaśhcha drupadaśhcha mahā-rathaḥ
atra śhūrāḥ mahā-iṣhu-āsāḥ bhīma-arjuna-samāḥ yudhi
here powerful warriors great bowmen equal to Bheem and Arjun in military prowess
yuyudhānaḥ virāṭaḥ cha drupadaḥ cha mahā-rathaḥ
Yuyudhan Virat and Drupad also warriors who could single handedly match the strength of ten thousand ordinary warriors
---
There (in that army) are heroes, great bowmen, such as Bhima and Arjuna; Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada, a mighty warrior;
Verse 5
dhṛiṣhṭaketuśhchekitānaḥ kāśhirājaśhcha vīryavān
purujit kuntibhojaśhcha śhaibyaśhcha nara-puṅgavaḥ
dhṛiṣhṭaketuḥ chekitānaḥ kāśhirājaḥ cha vīrya-vān
Dhrishtaketu Chekitan Kashiraj and heroic
purujit kuntibhojaḥ cha śaibyaḥ cha nara-puṅgavaḥ
Purujit Kuntibhoj and Shaibya and best of men
---
Dhrstaketu, Cekitana, the valiant king of Kasi, Purujit, Kuntibhoja, and Saibya, the best among men;
Verse 6
yudhāmanyuśhcha vikrānta uttamaujāśhcha vīryavān
saubhadro draupadeyāśhcha sarva eva mahā-rathāḥ
yudhāmanyuḥ cha vikrāntaḥ uttamaujāḥ cha vīrya-vān
Yudhamanyu and courageous Uttamauja and gallant
saubhadraḥ draupadeyāḥ cha sarve eva mahā-rathāḥ
the son of Subhadra the sons of Draupadi and all indeed warriors who could single handedly match the strength of ten thousand ordinary warriors
---
Yudhamanyu, the valiant one, and Uttamaujas, the strong one; and also the son of Subhadra, as well as the sons of Draupadi, all mighty warriors.
Verse 7
asmākaṁ tu viśhiṣhṭā ye tānnibodha dwijottama
nāyakā mama sainyasya sanjñārthaṁ tānbravīmi te
asmākam tu viśhiṣhṭāḥ ye tān nibodha dwija-uttama
ours but special who them be informed best of Brahmnis
nāyakāḥ mama sainyasya sanjñā-artham tān bravīmi te
principal generals our of army for information them I recount unto you
---
Know, O best of Brahmanas, those who are important on our side—those who are the commanders of my army. I shall name them to refresh your memory.
Verse 8
bhavānbhīṣhmaśhcha karṇaśhcha kṛipaśhcha samitiñjayaḥ
aśhvatthāmā vikarṇaśhcha saumadattis tathaiva cha
bhavān bhīṣhmaḥ cha karṇaḥ cha kṛipaḥ cha samitim-jayaḥ
yourself Bheeshma and Karna and Kripa and victorious in battle
aśhvatthāmā vikarṇaḥ cha saumadattiḥ tathā eva cha
Ashvatthama Vikarna and Bhurishrava thus even also
---
Yourself, Bhisma, Karna, the victorious Krpa, Asvatthama, Vikarna, and Jayadratha, the son of Somadatta;
Verse 9
anye cha bahavaḥ śhūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ
nānā-śhastra-praharaṇāḥ sarve yuddha-viśhāradāḥ
anye cha bahavaḥ śhūrāḥ mat-arthe tyakta-jīvitāḥ
others also many heroic warriors for my sake prepared to lay down their lives
nānā-śhastra-praharaṇāḥ sarve yuddha-viśhāradāḥ
equipped with various kinds of weapons all skilled in the art of warfare
---
And there are many other heroes who are determined to give up their lives for my sake. They are all experts in using manifold missiles and dexterous in battle.
Verse 10
aparyāptaṁ tadasmākaṁ balaṁ bhīṣhmābhirakṣhitam
paryāptaṁ tvidameteṣhāṁ balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣhitam
aparyāptam tat asmākam balam bhīṣhma abhirakṣhitam
unlimited that ours strength by Grandsire Bheeshma safely marshalled
paryāptam tu idam eteṣhām balam bhīma abhirakṣhitam
limited but this their strength Bheem carefully marshalled
---
Our force is inadequate, guarded by Bhisma, while their force is adequate, guarded by Bhima.
Verse 11
ayaneṣhu cha sarveṣhu yathā-bhāgamavasthitāḥ
bhīṣhmamevābhirakṣhantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi
ayaneṣhu cha sarveṣhu yathā-bhāgam avasthitāḥ
at the strategic points also all in respective position situated
bhīṣhmam eva abhirakṣhantu bhavantaḥ sarve eva hi
to Grandsire Bheeshma only defend you all even as
---
Therefore, all of you, taking your places firmly in your respective divisions, should guard Bhisma at all costs.
Verse 12
tasya sañjanayan harṣhaṁ kuru-vṛiddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ
siṁha-nādaṁ vinadyochchaiḥ śhaṅkhaṁ dadhmau pratāpavān
tasya sañjanayan harṣham kuru-vṛiddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ
his causing joy the grand old man of the Kuru dynasty (Bheeshma) grandfather
sinha-nādam vinadya uchchaiḥ śhaṅkham dadhmau pratāpa-vān
lion’s roar sounding very loudly conch shell blew the glorious
---
Then the valiant grandsire Bhisma, the senior-most of the Kuru clan, roared like a lion and blew his conch with the intention of cheering up Duryodhana.
Verse 13
tataḥ śhaṅkhāśhcha bheryaśhcha paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ
sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śhabdastumulo ’bhavat
tataḥ śhaṅkhāḥ cha bheryaḥ cha paṇava-ānaka go-mukhāḥ
thereafter conches and bugles and drums and kettledrums trumpets
sahasā eva abhyahanyanta saḥ śhabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat
suddenly indeed blared forth that sound overwhelming was
---
Then suddenly conchs, kettle drums, trumpets, tabors, and blow horns blared forth, and the sound was terrific.
Verse 14
tataḥ śhvetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaśhchaiva divyau śhaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
tataḥ śhvetaiḥ hayaiḥ yukte mahati syandane sthitau
then by white horses yoked glorious chariot seated
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ cha eva divyau śhaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
Shree Krishna, the husband of the goddess of fortune, Lakshmi Arjun and also Divine conch shells blew
---
Then Sri Krishna and Arjuna, stationed in their great chariot yoked with white horses, blew their divine conchs.
Verse 15
pāñchajanyaṁ hṛiṣhīkeśho devadattaṁ dhanañjayaḥ
pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahā-śhaṅkhaṁ bhīma-karmā vṛikodaraḥ
pāñchajanyam hṛiṣhīka-īśhaḥ devadattam dhanam-jayaḥ
the conch shell named Panchajanya Shree Krishna, the Lord of the mind and senses the conch shell named Devadutta Arjun, the winner of wealth
pauṇḍram dadhmau mahā-śhaṅkham bhīma-karmā vṛika-udaraḥ
the conch named Paundra blew mighty conch one who performs herculean tasks Bheem, the voracious eater
---
Sri Krishna blew his conch, Pancajanya, Arjuna his Devadatta, and Bhima of terrible deeds blew his great conch, Paundra.
Verse 16
anantavijayaṁ rājā kuntī-putro yudhiṣhṭhiraḥ
nakulaḥ sahadevaśhcha sughoṣha-maṇipuṣhpakau
ananta-vijayam rājā kuntī-putraḥ yudhiṣhṭhiraḥ
the conch named Anantavijay king son of Kunti Yudhishthir
nakulaḥ sahadevaḥ cha sughoṣha-maṇipuṣhpakau
Nakul Sahadev and the conche shells named Sughosh and Manipushpak
---
King Yudhisthira, the son of Kunti, blew his conch, Anantavijaya, and Nakula and Sahadeva blew their conchs, Sughosa and Manipuspaka.
Verse 17
kāśhyaśhcha parameṣhvāsaḥ śhikhaṇḍī cha mahā-rathaḥ
dhṛiṣhṭadyumno virāṭaśhcha sātyakiśh chāparājitaḥ
kāśhyaḥ cha parama-iṣhu-āsaḥ śhikhaṇḍī cha mahā-rathaḥ
King of Kashi and the excellent archer Shikhandi also warriors who could single handedly match the strength of ten thousand ordinary warriors
dhṛiṣhṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ cha sātyakiḥ cha aparājitaḥ
Dhrishtadyumna Virat and Satyaki and invincible
---
And the King of Kasi, the supreme bowman, Sikandi the mighty warrior, Dhrstadyumna, and Virata; and Satyaki, the invincible;
Verse 18
drupado draupadeyāśhcha sarvaśhaḥ pṛithivī-pate
saubhadraśhcha mahā-bāhuḥ śhaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛithak pṛithak
drupadaḥ draupadeyāḥ cha sarvaśhaḥ pṛithivī-pate
Drupad the five sons of Draupadi and all Ruler of the earth
saubhadraḥ cha mahā-bāhuḥ śhaṅkhān dadhmuḥ pṛithak pṛithak
Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra also the mighty-armed conch shells blew individually
---
Drupada and the sons of Draupadi, as well as the strong-armed son of Subhadra—all, O King, blew their respective conchs again and again.
Verse 19
sa ghoṣho dhārtarāṣhṭrāṇāṁ hṛidayāni vyadārayat
nabhaśhcha pṛithivīṁ chaiva tumulo nunādayan
saḥ ghoṣhaḥ dhārtarāṣhṭrāṇām hṛidayāni vyadārayat
that sound of Dhritarashtra’s sons hearts shattered
nabhaḥ cha pṛithivīm cha eva tumulaḥ abhyanunādayan
the sky and the earth and certainly terrific sound thundering
---
And that tumultuous uproar, reverberating through heaven and earth, rent the hearts of Dhrtarastra's sons.
Verse 20
atha vyavasthitān dṛiṣhṭvā dhārtarāṣhṭrān kapi-dhwajaḥ
pravṛitte śhastra-sampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
atha vyavasthitān dṛiṣhṭvā dhārtarāṣhṭrān kapi-dwajaḥ
thereupon arrayed seeing Dhritarashtra’s sons the Monkey Bannered
pravṛitte śhastra-sampāte dhanuḥ udyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
about to commence to use the weapons bow taking up Arjun, the son of Pandu
---
Then Arjuna, whose banner crest was Hanuman, on beholding the sons of Dhrtarastra arrayed, took up his bow, while missiles were beginning to fly.
Verse 21
hṛiṣhīkeśhaṁ tadā vākyam idam āha mahī-pate
arjuna uvācha
senayor ubhayor madhye rathaṁ sthāpaya me ’chyuta
hṛiṣhīkeśham tadā vākyam idam āha mahī-pate
to Shree Krishna at that time words these said King
arjunaḥ uvācha
Arjun said
senayoḥ ubhayoḥ madhye ratham sthāpaya me achyuta
armies both in the middle chariot place my Shree Krishna, the infallible One
---
And he spoke, O Lord of the Earth, these words to Sri Krishna: Arjuna said, “Draw up my chariot, O Krishna, between the two armies.
Verse 22
yāvadetān nirīkṣhe ’haṁ yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān
kairmayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇa-samudyame
yāvat etān nirīkṣhe aham yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān
as many as these look I for the battle arrayed
kaiḥ mayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇa-samudyame
with whom by me together must fight in this great combat
---
So that I may have a good look at those who are standing, eager to fight, and know with whom I must fight in this enterprise of war.
Verse 23
yotsyamānān avekṣhe ’haṁ ya ete ’tra samāgatāḥ
dhārtarāṣhṭrasya durbuddher yuddhe priya-chikīrṣhavaḥ
yotsyamānān avekṣhe aham ye ete atra samāgatāḥ
those who have come to fight I desire to see who those here assembled
dhārtarāṣhṭrasya durbuddheḥ yuddhe priya-chikīrṣhavaḥ
of Dhritarashtra’s son evil-minded in the fight wishing to please
---
I wish to see those gathered here ready to fight in this battle in order to please the evil-minded son of Dhrtarashtra.
Verse 24
sañjaya uvācha
evam ukto hṛiṣhīkeśho guḍākeśhena bhārata
senayor ubhayor madhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam
sañjayaḥ uvācha
Sanjay said
evam uktaḥ hṛiṣhīkeśhaḥ guḍākeśhena bhārata
thus addressed Shree Krishna, the Lord of the senses by Arjun, the conqueror of sleep descendant of Bharat
senayoḥ ubhayoḥ madhye sthāpayitvā ratha-uttamam
armies the two between having drawn magnificent chariot
---
Sanjaya said: Thus addressed by Arjuna, Sri Krishna drew up the best of chariots between the two armies, in full view of Bhisma, Drona, and all the other kings, O Dhrtarastra. He then said, "O Arjuna, behold these assembled Kauravas."
Verse 25
bhīṣhma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ sarveṣhāṁ cha mahī-kṣhitām
uvācha pārtha paśhyaitān samavetān kurūn iti
bhīṣhma droṇa pramukhataḥ sarveṣhām cha mahī-kṣhitām
Grandsire Bheeshma Dronacharya in the presence all and other kings
uvācha pārtha paśhya etān samavetān kurūn iti
said Arjun, the son of Pritha behold these gathered descendants of Kuru thus
---
Sanjaya said: Thus addressed by Arjuna, Sri Krishna drew up the best of chariots between the two armies, in full view of Bhisma, Drona, and all the other kings, O Dhrtarastra. He then said, "O Arjuna, behold these assembled Kauravas."
Verse 26
tatrāpaśhyat sthitān pārthaḥ pitṝīn atha pitāmahān
āchāryān mātulān bhrātṝīn putrān pautrān sakhīṁs tathā
tatra apaśhyat sthitān pārthaḥ pitṝīn atha pitāmahān
there saw stationed Arjun fathers thereafter grandfathers
āchāryān mātulān bhrātṝīn putrān pautrān sakhīn tathā
teachers maternal uncles brothers sons grandsons friends also
---
Then, as Arjuna looked on, he saw standing there fathers, grandfathers, teachers, uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, and comrades.
Verse 27
śhvaśhurān suhṛidaśh chaiva senayor ubhayor api
tān samīkṣhya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān
śhvaśhurān suhṛidaḥ cha eva senayoḥ ubhayoḥ api
fathers-in-law well-wishers and indeed armies in both armies also
tān samīkṣhya saḥ kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān
these on seeing they Arjun, the son of Kunti all relatives present
---
Fathers-in-law and dear friends in both armies, when Arjuna saw all these kinsmen arrayed,
Verse 28
kṛipayā parayāviṣhṭo viṣhīdann idam abravīt
arjuna uvācha
dṛiṣhṭvemaṁ sva-janaṁ kṛiṣhṇa yuyutsuṁ samupasthitam
kṛipayā parayā āviṣhṭaḥ viṣhīdan idam abravīt
by compassion great overwhelmed deep sorrow this spoke
arjunaḥ uvācha
Arjun said
dṛiṣhṭvā imam sva-janam kṛiṣhṇa yuyutsum samupasthitam
on seeing these kinsmen Krishna eager to fight present
---
He was filled with deep compassion and said these words in despair:
Verse 29
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṁ cha pariśhuṣhyati
vepathuśh cha śharīre me roma-harṣhaśh cha jāyate
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukham cha pariśhuṣhyati
quivering my limbs mouth and is drying up
vepathuḥ cha śharīre me roma-harṣhaḥ cha jāyate
shuddering and on the body my standing of bodily hair on end also is happening
---
My limbs have weakened, my mouth has become parched, my body is trembling, and my hairs are standing on end.
Verse 30
gāṇḍīvaṁ sraṁsate hastāt tvak chaiva paridahyate
na cha śhaknomy avasthātuṁ bhramatīva cha me manaḥ
gāṇḍīvam sraṁsate hastāt tvak cha eva paridahyate
Arjun’s bow is slipping from (my) hand skin and indeed is burning all over
na cha śhaknomi avasthātum bhramati iva cha me manaḥ
not and am able remain steady whirling like and my mind
---
The bow Gandiva slips from my hand and my skin is burning. I can no longer stand. My mind seems to be reeling.
Verse 31
nimittāni cha paśhyāmi viparītāni keśhava
na cha śhreyo ’nupaśhyāmi hatvā sva-janam āhave
nimittāni cha paśhyāmi viparītāni keśhava
omens and I see misfortune Shree Krishna, killer of the Keshi demon
na cha śhreyaḥ anupaśhyāmi hatvā sva-janam āhave
not also good I foresee from killing kinsmen in battle
---
I see, Kṛṣṇa, inauspicious omens. I foresee no good in slaying my kinsmen in battle.
Verse 32
na kāṅkṣhe vijayaṁ kṛiṣhṇa na cha rājyaṁ sukhāni cha
kiṁ no rājyena govinda kiṁ bhogair jīvitena vā
na kāṅkṣhe vijayam kṛiṣhṇa na cha rājyam sukhāni cha
nor do I desire victory Krishna nor as well kingdom happiness also
kim naḥ rājyena govinda kim bhogaiḥ jīvitena vā
what to us by kingdom Krishna, he who gives pleasure to the senses, he who is fond of cows what? pleasures life or
---
I desire no victory, nor empire, nor pleasures. What have we to do with empire, O Krishna, or enjoyment, or even life?
Verse 33
yeṣhām arthe kāṅkṣhitaṁ no rājyaṁ bhogāḥ sukhāni cha
ta ime ’vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṁs tyaktvā dhanāni cha
yeṣhām arthe kāṅkṣhitam naḥ rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni cha
for whose sake coveted for by us kingdom pleasures happiness also
te ime avasthitāḥ yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni cha
they these situated for battle lives giving up wealth also
---
Those for whose sake we desire empire, enjoyment, and pleasures, stand here in war, renouncing life and wealth.
Verse 34
āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās tathaiva cha pitāmahāḥ
mātulāḥ śhvaśhurāḥ pautrāḥ śhyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā
āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāḥ tathā eva cha pitāmahāḥ
teachers fathers sons as well indeed also grandfathers
mātulāḥ śhvaśhurāḥ pautrāḥ śhyālāḥ sambandhinaḥ tathā
maternal uncles fathers-in-law grandsons brothers-in-law kinsmen as well
---
Teachers, fathers, sons, grandfathers, uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other kinsmen—all these are to be regarded as one's own self.
Verse 35
etān na hantum ichchhāmi ghnato ’pi madhusūdana
api trailokya-rājyasya hetoḥ kiṁ nu mahī-kṛite
etān na hantum ichchhāmi ghnataḥ api madhusūdana
these not to slay I wish killed even though Shree Krishna, killer of the demon Madhu
api trai-lokya-rājyasya hetoḥ kim nu mahī-kṛite
even though dominion over three worlds for the sake of what to speak of for the earth
---
I would not slay them, even if they might slay me, for the sovereignty of the three worlds—how much less for this earth, O Krsna?
Verse 36
nihatya dhārtarāṣhṭrān naḥ kā prītiḥ syāj janārdana
pāpam evāśhrayed asmān hatvaitān ātatāyinaḥ
nihatya dhārtarāṣhṭrān naḥ kā prītiḥ syāt janārdana
by killing the sons of Dhritarashtra our what pleasure will there be he who looks after the public, Shree Krishna
pāpam eva āśhrayet asmān hatvā etān ātatāyinaḥ
vices certainly must come upon us by killing all these aggressors
---
If we were to kill the sons of Dhrtarastra, what joy would be ours, O Krsna? Sin alone would accrue to us if we killed these murderous felons.
Verse 37
tasmān nārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ dhārtarāṣhṭrān sa-bāndhavān
sva-janaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava
tasmāt na arhāḥ vayam hantum dhārtarāṣhṭrān sva-bāndhavān
hence never behoove we to kill the sons of Dhritarashtra along with friends
sva-janam hi katham hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava
kinsmen certainly how by killing happy will we become Shree Krishna, the husband of Yogmaya
---
Therefore, it is not befitting for us to slay our kin, the sons of Dhrtarastra. For if we kill our kinsmen, O Krsna, how can we be happy?
Verse 38
yady apy ete na paśhyanti lobhopahata-chetasaḥ
kula-kṣhaya-kṛitaṁ doṣhaṁ mitra-drohe cha pātakam
yadi api ete na paśhyanti lobha upahata chetasaḥ
even though they not see greed overpowered thoughts
kula-kṣhaya-kṛitam doṣham mitra-drohe cha pātakam
in annihilating their relatives fault to wreak treachery upon friends and sin
---
Though these people, whose minds are overpowered by greed, see no evil in the destruction of a clan and no sin in treachery to friends,
Verse 39
kathaṁ na jñeyam asmābhiḥ pāpād asmān nivartitum
kula-kṣhaya-kṛitaṁ doṣhaṁ prapaśhyadbhir janārdana
katham na jñeyam asmābhiḥ pāpāt asmāt nivartitum
why not should be known we from sin these to turn away
kula-kṣhaya kṛitam doṣham prapaśhyadbhiḥ janārdana
killing the kindered done crime who can see he who looks after the public, Shree Krishna
---
Why should we not learn to shun this crime—we who see the evil of ruining a clan, O Krishna?
Verse 40
kula-kṣhaye praṇaśhyanti kula-dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ
dharme naṣhṭe kulaṁ kṛitsnam adharmo ’bhibhavaty uta
kula-kṣhaye praṇaśhyanti kula-dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ
in the destruction of a dynasty are vanquished family traditions eternal
dharme naṣhṭe kulam kṛitsnam adharmaḥ abhibhavati uta
religion is destroyed family the whole irreligion overcome indeed
---
With the ruin of a clan, its ancient traditions perish, and when traditions perish, lawlessness overtakes the whole clan.
Verse 41
adharmābhibhavāt kṛiṣhṇa praduṣhyanti kula-striyaḥ
strīṣhu duṣhṭāsu vārṣhṇeya jāyate varṇa-saṅkaraḥ
adharma abhibhavāt kṛiṣhṇa praduṣhyanti kula-striyaḥ
irreligion preponderance Shree Krishna become immoral women of the family
strīṣhu duṣhṭāsu vārṣhṇeya jāyate varṇa-saṅkaraḥ
of women become immoral descendant of Vrishni are born unwanted progeny
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When lawlessness prevails, O Krsna, the women of the clan become corrupted; when women become corrupted, there arises an intermixing of classes.
Verse 42
saṅkaro narakāyaiva kula-ghnānāṁ kulasya cha
patanti pitaro hy eṣhāṁ lupta-piṇḍodaka-kriyāḥ
saṅkaraḥ narakāya eva kula-ghnānām kulasya cha
unwanted children hellish indeed for those who destroy the family of the family also
patanti pitaraḥ hi eṣhām lupta piṇḍodaka-kriyāḥ
fall ancestors verily their deprived of performances of sacrificial offerings
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This mixing of classes leads to hell for the clan itself and its destroyers; for the spirits of their ancestors fall degraded, deprived of the ritual offerings of food and water.
Verse 43
doṣhair etaiḥ kula-ghnānāṁ varṇa-saṅkara-kārakaiḥ
utsādyante jāti-dharmāḥ kula-dharmāśh cha śhāśhvatāḥ
doṣhaiḥ etaiḥ kula-ghnānām varṇa-saṅkara kārakaiḥ
through evil deeds these of those who destroy the family unwanted progeny causing
utsādyante jāti-dharmāḥ kula-dharmāḥ cha śhāśhvatāḥ
are ruined social and family welfare activities family traditions and eternal
---
By the sins of the clan-destroyers who bring about intermixing of classes, the ancient traditions of the clans and classes are destroyed.
Verse 44
utsanna-kula-dharmāṇāṁ manuṣhyāṇāṁ janārdana
narake ‘niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśhuśhruma
utsanna kula-dharmāṇām manuṣhyāṇām janārdana
destroyed whose family traditions of such human beings he who looks after the public, Shree Krishna
narake aniyatam vāsaḥ bhavati iti anuśhuśhruma
in hell indefinite dwell is thus I have heard from the learned
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For those whose clan laws are destroyed, dwelling in hell is ordained, O Krishna; thus, we have heard.
Verse 45
aho bata mahat pāpaṁ kartuṁ vyavasitā vayam
yad rājya-sukha-lobhena hantuṁ sva-janam udyatāḥ
aho bata mahat pāpam kartum vyavasitāḥ vayam
alas how great sins to perform have decided we
yat rājya-sukha-lobhena hantum sva-janam udyatāḥ
because driven by the desire for kingly pleasure to kill kinsmen intending
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Alas! We have resolved to commit a great sin, for we are ready to slay our kin out of desire for sovereignty and enjoyment.
Verse 46
yadi mām apratīkāram aśhastraṁ śhastra-pāṇayaḥ
dhārtarāṣhṭrā raṇe hanyus tan me kṣhemataraṁ bhavet
yadi mām apratīkāram aśhastram śhastra-pāṇayaḥ
if me unresisting unarmed those with weapons in hand
dhārtarāṣhṭrāḥ raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣhema-taram bhavet
the sons of Dhritarashtra on the battlefield shall kill that to me better would be
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If the well-armed sons of Dhrtarastra should slay me in battle, unresisting and unarmed, that would be better for me.
Verse 47
sañjaya uvācha
evam uktvārjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśhat
visṛijya sa-śharaṁ chāpaṁ śhoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ
sañjayaḥ uvācha
Sanjay said
evam uktvā arjunaḥ saṅkhye ratha upasthe upāviśhat
speaking thus Arjun in the battlefield on the chariot sat
visṛijya sa-śharam chāpam śhoka saṁvigna mānasaḥ
casting aside along with arrows the bow with grief distressed mind
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Sanjaya said: Having spoken thus on the battlefield, Arjuna threw aside his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot seat, his heart overwhelmed with grief.