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Oppiliappan List Archive: Message 00087 Jul 2005

 
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SrI :

Dear Fellow Students of the History of Sri VaishNavam :

The Four Southern Kingdoms : Part I
***************************************
(1) The PallavAs : A pastoral tribe with roots on the border of Andhra
PradEsah and Tamil Naadu moved from their center of power in Bhavathri
( Nellore ) to ThonDaimaNdalam , where AchArya RaamAnuja , Swamy Desikan
and many other AchAryAs would be born later . The late PallavAs made
Kaanchi their capital . PallavAs were traditionally Jain kings .
For instance , the early pallavAs ( 250-340 C.E) and the middle pallavAs
( 340-575 C.E) were either  Jainis or Buddhists . Both these avaidhika
Mathams  do not  accept as Vedam as PramANam ;our SanAtana dharmam
suffered as a result of the king's patronage of these faiths
and the undue influence that the monks had over the kings and
their family members  . Late PallavAs ( 575-800 C.E) changed from
Jainism to either Saivite or VaishNavite faith . Late PallavAs time was
the time of ascendancy of the Bhakthi movement . AzhwArs and NaayanmArs
had successfully removed the threats of these avaidhila Mathams
through intellectual debates and succeded with Para Matha Bhangam .
We have referred earlier to AzhwAr's paasurams , which condemned
Jainism and Buddhism as religions based on untenable doctrines .
Buddhism has disappeared from the land of its birth and the hold of Jainism
shrank   and pracised in limited areas of India today .

The first of the Late PallavAs , Simha VishNu ( r575-615 C.E)  reigned for
four decades and is recognized as the founder of the Pallava dynasty ,
which at times spread from northern orissa to Trichi in the South .
The Jainism thus spread all the way to the South . The traditional enemies
of PallavAs were PaandyAs in the South and ChalukyAs of BaadhAmi (Vaathapi)
in the North . In the ninth century , the ascendant ChOlAs from the south
defeated the last of the PallavAs and became the rulers of South
and beyond stretching all the way to Sri Lanka on one end and
Sri Vijaya ( Malaysia, Indonesia) onn the other end .

Simha VishNu's son , MahEndra Varman  was a Jain and got converted to
Saivite faith later and commenced the building of the shore temples at
MahAbalipuram . MahEndra Varman was humiliated in a war with Pulakesi II ,
the aggressive king from ChAlukya dynasty in 620 A.D . The city of Kaanchi
was destroyed . The king died heart broken . His son Narasimha Varaman
( r630-668 C.E) avenged his father's defeat and burnt down the Chalukya
capital in the year 632 C.E.

The Jain  monks (8000 of them)  had migrated from north during King
Chandra Guptha's time ( 3rd Centrury B.C.E)  during a time of famine
and established their roots . By 300 C.E , the time of Kalabhras , the Jains
attained supermacy in Tamil country and PallavAs gave them patronage .
Kanchipuram became a center of Jainism and they established schools
called PaLLi . The PaLLis of the Jains ( Known as SamaNa PaLLis ) became
centers of advancement of Jain religion . Today , we call schools
PaLLikkUdam . That is connected to the PaLLi nomenclature .
There was a section known as Jaina Kaanchi just as Siva Kaanchi
and VishNu Kaanchi.

At VishNu Kaanchi or Chinna Kaanchipuram , the dhivya dEsam for
Lord Varadaraja thrived and there were many VaishNavite dhivya desams
were sites of MangaLAsAsanam by various AzhwArs . Kaanchipuram ,
Srirangam and Thirumalai became great centers of VaishNavite faith
and the power of Jainism declined in Tamil Naadu .

We will cover the the remaining three Southern kingdoms of Tamil People :
PaaNDya , ChOLaa and Sangamaa ( Vijaya nagar ) and their impacts on
Bhakthi movement .

Srimath Azhagiya Singar ThiruvadigaLE SaraNam ,
Daasan , Oppiliappn Koil V.Sadagopan



 
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