16.ananthavijayam raajaa kuntheeputhro yuDhishTiraH
nakulaH sahadhevaScha sughosha maNipushpakou
The king Yudhishtira, son of Kunthi, blew his conch ananthavijayam and mnakula and Sahadeva blew their conches, sugosha and manipushpaka respectively.
17. kaasyaScha parameshvaasah Sikhandee cha mahaaraThaH
dhrshtadhyumno viraataScha saathyakiH cha aparaajithaH
The king of kasi who is a great archer, Sikhandee, a maharatha, Dhrshtadhyuman, Virata and Sathyaki, the unconquerable,
18.dhrupahdo dhroupadheyaaScha sarvaSaH prthiveepaThe
soubhadraScha mahaabaahuh Sankhaan dhaDhmuH praThak
prThak
Dhrupadha, the sons of Dhroupadhi , and Abhimanyu, son of Subhadhra, -all blew their conches one by one.
Yudhishtira is referred as the king, raja, because even though he lost his kingdom he became a chakravarthi by performing rajasooya yaga and conquering all the kings.
He is also referred to as kunthiputhra, son of Kunthi , to show that Nakula and Sahadeva mentioned next are not the sons of Kunthi, being the sons of Madri, co-wife of Kunthi. Though Arjuna and Bheema wre also kunthi puthras they have been mentioned already and hence here the epithet denotes Yudhishtira only.
In saying that all blew their conches one by one, prThak prThak, meaning all the warriors including those mentioned blew their conches respectively.
19. sa ghosho dhaartharaashtraaNaam hrdhayaani
vyadhaarayath
nabhaScha prthiveem chaiva thumulo vyanunaadhayat
That tumultuous sound reverberating through the heaven and earth, broke the hearts of the sons of Dhrathrashtra.
sa Thumulo ghoshaH- that tumultuous sound.
Vyadhaarayath- tore apart, with fear.
dhaarhtaraashtraaNaam Hrdhayaani- the hearts of the sons of Dhrtharaashtra.
Vyanunaadhayath- reverberated
nabhaH cha prThiveem cha eva- the sky and the earth.
Sanjaya is telling Dhratharashtra that the tumultouous noise rent asunder the hearts of his sons, implying that their cause is as good as lost.
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