SrI: Dear SrI VaradarAja BhakthAs : Today , we will continue with the study of the Fourth slOkam of the Desika Prabhandham entitled : "Charama SlOka Churukku". 318. The Meaning of the " yEka " Sabdham ********************************* Our PoorvAchAryAs have given us Six different Meanings to the yEka Sabdham found in " Maam yEkam SaraNam vraja" . These six meanings are: 1) " Maam" is singular and when yEka sabdham is attached to it then the yEka sabdham connects to a VisEshArTam (viz)., SarvEswaran is the phalan enjoyed by me as the special arTam . The prapatthi upAyam performed by me is the instrument for that (PrApyasyaiva PrApakthvam) phalan . It is possible not to connect Iswaran with the UpAyam observed and consider Iswaran as UpAyam and Phalan. It thus become clear through the yEka sabdham that UpAyam and Phalan are indeed SarvEswaran. This meaning is inferred from the Paasuram passage: " Saadhanam Saathakam yenRivaRRai Tannudan yeNNuthal neenga ". (2) yEka sabdham refers to the dissolution of the thought of independence by ChEthanam ( svaprAdhAnya nivAraNam). It is true that chEthanan has karmic activities . His activities however are under the influence of the Lord .The chEthanam can not perform every thing but only a limited subset. Therefore for the chEthanan to observe the UpAyam , The Lord's KadAksha anugraham is essential. ChEthanam has to be goaded by Isvaran . ChEthanan uses the limbs , body and the Indhriyam given by the Lord to perform the UpAyam instructed by Him and thereafter waits for the phalan like a ChathakA bird waiting patiently for the rays of Moon , its exclusive food . To include this limited ChEthanam with the Sarva Svathanthran, the Lord and to consider this chEthanam of limited powers as a second siddhOpAyam is not acceptable for vivEkis. This thought is hinted by the Paasuram package: " Saadhakan yenRivaRRai tannudan yeNNuthal neenga". 3) UpAyam is of two kinds: SiddhOpAyam and SaadhyOpAyam. That upAyam , which is not performed by ChEthanam ( Iswaran ) exists from time immemorial . He is hence recognized as the SiddhOpAyam. The yOgams to be observed by the ChEthanan are Bhakthi or Prapatthi yogam , These are called SaadhyOpAyams . In this context , the yEka sabdham points out the incorrectness of linking Iswaran ( SiddhOpAyam ) with Prapatthi ( SaadhyOpAyam). Yes, Bhakthi and Prapatthi are UpAyams . But their effect ceases after the removal of the dissatisfaction/anger of our most merciful Lord with us for trespassing His saasthrAs. The direct kaaraNam ( cause) behind the Phalan of MokshAnugraham after practising the UpAyam of Prapatthi is the Omnipotent and most merciful Lord Himself and His sankalpam. Those , who are powerless to perform other upAyams(means ) observe Prapatthi ; after that , the Lord steps in and stands in place of other difficult-to-practise upAyams in His role as Moksha-dhAyakan . He grants the fruits of Moksham for that one , who performs Prapatthi with its defined angams. He is also the One , who makes the Mumukshu ( one desirous of gaining Moksam) perform Prapatthi by creating SadAchArya Sambhandham. He accepts Prapatthi as a vyAjam ( Excuse/reason for acting ) . Therefore , it is not correct to connect the VyAja Maathra Prapatthi with SarvEswaran . That is what is emphasized by the "yEka" sabdham.This meaning is indicated by the Paasuram passage : " Oru SaadhanamAi PonnaruLOdum PoomahaLOdum Puhazha ninRa Isan ". 4) The Prapannan has now followed the UpAyam of Prapatthi. The Lord does not want any burden to stand in between Prapatthi performed and Himself. Therefore , He stands in place of all other upAyams and bears their burden Himself. He does not expect the Prapannan to observe any more upAyams for granting him(the Prapannan) the fruit of Moksham. This attribute of our Lord is revealed by the "yEka " sabdham . The Paasuram uses the word , " Tanitthu" to refer to this aspect of the meaning of "yEka" sabdham. 5) SarvEswaran is ready to grant the phalans of Prapatthi. There is no need for any other angams beyond the 5 angams associated with Prapatthi ( aanukoolya Sankalpam et al). He will not take note of any other unneeded angams beyond the above five angams. He does not expect anything else to grant us the phalan for Prapatthi yOgam practised. He stands ready and all by Himself without any other anticipation . This is another meaning for "yEka Sabdham" indicated by the choice of the word , "Tanitthu" in the Paasuram. 6) The Mumukshu does not have the qualifications or the rigor to practise tough upAyams( Bhakthi yOgam et al) sanctioned by the Bhagavath Saasthrams . He has neither the Jn~Anam or sakthi to perform them . At the same time , the Mumukshu laments over the long time that takes to reach the goal of Moksham thru the observance of Bhakthi yOgam .The most merciful Lord says to the Prapannan that there is no need to do all kinds of UpAyams to gain their phalans and get distracted by chasing after them . He says that He stands moved by the Prapatthi performed and vows to give all the Phalan by Himself alone ( "yEkan ") . He stands as the yEkOpAyam and the Paasuram passage " SaadhanamAi ninRa Isan " refers to this meaning . There are those , who intrepret "yEka " sabdham to mean that SarvEswaran alone is the upAyam and His PirAtti has no sambhandham. Swamy Desikan does not accept this and refers the "yEka Seshithvam " doctrine . He avers that PirAtti has equal sambhandham with Her Lord during UpAya nilai and that does not diminish any thing for Him . Therefore Swamy Desikan refers to the combination of His golden grace ( PonnaruLODum ) and His PirAtti ( PoomahaLODum ) in this Paasuram dealing with yEka sabdham . The Sanskrit slOkam summing up these six meanings is: PrApyasyaiva PrApakathvam sva-prAdhAnya nivAraNam PrapatthE: vyAja maathrathvam anyOpAyai: ananvaya: Tadhangairapyasambhandhas-sarva-saadyEshvabhinnathA ittham arTaa: shaDA AchAryai: yEka sabdhasya darsithA: Swamy Desikan ThiruvadigaLE SaraNam , NaarAyaNa , NaarAyaNa , NaarAyaNa Daasan , Oppiliappan Koil VaradachAri Sadagopan SrimathE SrI Lakshminrusimha Dhivya PaadhukA Sevaka SrIvaNN SaThakOpa SrI NaarAyaNa YathIndhra MahA DesikAya Nama: ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ---------------------~--> Make a clean sweep of pop-up ads. Yahoo! Companion Toolbar. Now with Pop-Up Blocker. Get it for free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/L5YrjA/eSIIAA/yQLSAA/XUWolB/TM ---------------------------------------------------------------------~-> Yahoo! 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