SrI:
Dear AasthikAs :
I am delighted to forward a note from
Sriman Muralidhar Rangaswamy ,
a Saama Vedhin himself on the first posting
on Deva-Rishi-Pithru TarpaNam .
I welcome his insightful inputs
and I ams ure you will enjoy them
as well .
V.Sadagopan
Moderator
Sri:
SrimatE Gopaladesika MahadesikAya Namaha,
Dear Sriman Sadagopan Swamin,
Thanks a lot for your wonderful kaimkaryam in summarizing the significance of
the Deva-Rishi-Pithru TarpaNams pertaining to the Sama Veda Upakarma. As you
rightly noted, the first tarpaNam is for Agni in keeping with the Vedic dictum-
agniravama: viShNu: parama:
Paramapadavasi Mahavidwan U.Ve. Sri Mukkur Lakshminarasimhachariar Swamin
beautifully expounds on the importance of agni karyam in his Srimad Bhgavatam
upanyasam as "The term agni means agram nayathIthyagni:, i.e., that which
elevates us from our present state to a higher state is known as agni. How is
this related to emperumAn? The answer lies in the Narayana Sooktam rk "thasya
madhyE mahAnagnir vishvAkshir vishvaThOmuKha:" and the vedic salutation in
Ghanam form agnEr mahAn mahAn agnEr agnEr mahan. The term mahan denotes one who
is not deficient in any respect and therefore, the Vedic tributes are
unmistakably directed to Lord Narayana alone and none else. The Rg Veda Mantram
agnEnaya supathArAyE asmAn vishvAni dhEva vayunAni vidvAn
yuyOdhyasmajjurANamEna: BhUyiShtAnthE nama ukthim viDhEma glorifies Lord
Narayana in the form of Agni. This is also the concluding mantram of the
Isavasya Upanishad, which majestically highlights the loftiness of Lord
Narayana in the process of SharaNagati. SushtupathA supathA means the right
path. The opening part of this mantram declares: Oh Agni! You who elevates us
from our present state to an exalted state know everything about everything in
the universe (jathAni sarvANi vethIthi jAthavEdha: and vEthIthi vidvan)! I am
incapable of discerning the right path from the incorrect path. My pile of sins
precludes me from realizing this. Therefore, please lead me on the correct path
by destroying my sin pile and elevate me. For this great upakAram of yours I
who am rooted in penury can offer nothing in return except repeatedly
submitting with folded hands the vedic salutation nama:"
Elsewhere Sri Mukkur Swamin notes: "Swami Desikan comments on the significance
of the salutation nama: in Srimad RahasyatrayasAram as thAram pUrvam
thadhanuhrudhayam, which summarizes the import of nama: as the performance of
sharaNagati. A second meaning of nama: is also provided by Swami Desikan as "na
mama", i.e., not mine-who then does this belong to? The atma is irrevocably the
property of EmperumAn, at whose feet it is being rightfully restored.
Consequently, bereft of ahamkaram and mamakaram (the sense of I and my), the
jivatma places everything sentient and insentient at its disposal for the sole
purpose of performing Kaimkaryam to Lord Narayana."
Sri Mukkur Swamin continued:
"Another important vedic prayer for agni is anEthEjasvin thejasvithvam
dhEvEShuBhUyasthEjasvantham mA Ayushvantham varchasvantham manuShyEShu kuru,
which means Oh Agni! Just as you are resplendent, luster-filled, and possessed
of great strength among the dhEvas so too please bless me to be filled with
radiance, strength and long life among mortals. Reciting this prayer , one must
perform agni karyam. This agni arises from Samidh samidhBi: indhathaithi
sAmiDhEni. Vedam has mantrams including sAmiDhEni in clusters of 15, 17 etc
panchadhasha sAmiDhEniranvA: sapthadhasha sAmiDhEniranvA:, ekavigamshathigam
sAmiDhEniranvA:" Sri Swamin rendered an agni upasana mantram in Ghanam form
(which takes nearly 15 minutes to render, extremely complicated with sandhis
and is the passage of choice for examiners when students of the Vedam appear
for Ghana parikshai)."
Focussing on agni itself a little more helps illustrate the connection to Lord
Narayana. The first aksharam of agni is "a". This is also the opening aksharam
of PraNavam, which unambiguously declares the supremacy of Lord Narayana. Next,
it is extremely auspicious. The fact that the Rg samhita and Sama samhita
commence with "a" bear eloquent testimony to this fact. Also, it is the
aksharam with which all Vedic renditions begin and that which is the subject of
enquiry by all Vedanta (the concluding portion of the Vedas or the Upanishads)
"yadhvEdhAthO svaraprOkthO vedhAnthEcha prathiShTithoU" Not to be outdone, the
Brahma Sutras too commence with "athAthO brahma jignyAsA" (May we begin our
enquiry of Brahman). The Bhakti sUtras of Narada too recognize the importance
of "a" in the opening salutation "anirvachanIyam Bhakthi svarUpam". Also "a" is
that aksharam of the Devanagari alphabet without which no consonant can exist.
In a like fashion nothing in the universe exists without the support of
Paramatma (anthar bahischa thath sarvam vyApya nArAyaNasthitha:) . Lord KrishNa
too declares his fondness for the aksharam "a" in the Bhagavadgita salutation
"aksharANAm akArOsmi" (among the aksharas I denote "a"). Keeping these facts in
mind, Tiruppan Azhwar commences his amalaNAdhipirAn with the aksharam "a".
Swami nammAzhwar commences his SharaNagati to the Lord of the Seven Hills with
the aksharam "a" in the famous ahalaillEn pasuram. Sri Bhashyakarar follows the
lead of the Azhwars by commencing the SriBhashyam with the salutation "aKhila
Bhuvana janma" further emphasizing the connection of the aksharam "a" to Lord
Narayana. Finally, Swami Desikan commences four of his sotrams with the
aksharam "a" (Bhagavadh DhyAna Sopanam, nyAsa dashakam, aBhIthi sthavam, and
Garuda panchashath) as well as his munivahana Bhogam commentary with the
aksharam "a" in keeping with the lead of the Vedas, Bhagavad Gita, Brahma
sUthras, Azhwar Prabandham, and Sri Bhashyam. Therefore, the connection to Lord
Narayana comes through with amazing clarity in the opening aksharam of agni
itself.
Namo Narayana,
SriMuralidhara Dasan
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: malolan_net@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:malolan_net@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On
Behalf Of Dr. Sadagopan
Sent: Monday, August 28, 2006 11:03 PM
To: Ramanujamission@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Rajeev@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Ponnappan; Sgt;
SG.AZhgiyasingar_satabhishekam@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Swami; DS; acharya2005
Cc: vaideekam@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: Saama Veda Upaakarmaa : DEva --Rishi-- Pithru TarpaNams : PART I
SrI:
Dear Vaidhikaas & AnushtAthaas :
Yesterday , the Saama Vedins completed their
Upaakarmaa .One of the highlights of their
Upaakarmaa is the most comprehensive
Deva Rishi Pithru TarpaNam for AdhyAyOthsarjana
Karmaa . It will take almost three hours to observe
Saama Upaakarmaa , where bulk of the time is
spent on performing the many TarpaNams .
Saama Veda TARPAnAMS
********************************
There are 264 Deva Rishi TarpaNams and 12 Pithru
TarpaNam for those who do not have living parents .
We discharge our debts to Devaas by performing
Yaj~nams . They recieve Havis in these Yaagams
and are satisfied with us .
For the Rishis , we absolve ourselves of our debts
by adhyayanam of Vedams .That VEda adhyayanam
pleases them and they bless us as MantradhrashtAs .
We discharge our debts to Pithrus with male progeny
to please them through tarpaNams and Sraardhams .
Saama Veda Upaakarmaa is comprehensive to cover
TarpaNams for all the three categories (Deva, Rishi
and Pithrus) of supernal beings to whom we owe
the three kinds of debts .
Saama Vedam Highlights & The First TarpaNam to Agni
*********************************************************************
Before we describe the details on the Unique TarpaNams
in Saama Upaakarmaa , let us briefly summarize some
basic facts about Saama Vedam :
1. It is considered as " the earliest divine Music of ecstasy " .
2. Saama Veda has 1875 Saamans ( verses put into musical
chants . These Saamans are divided into PurvArchika ,
UttarArchika , MahaanAmni-Archika and AraNya .
3. Agni , Indra , VishNu and other DevAs are invoked
in Saama Vedam . The Deva TarpaNams are to these
DEvaas and the very First TarpaNam is to Agni .
The First of the 1875 Saamans Saaman is an invitation
(invocation) for Agni to come and be seated :
Agna Aa yAhi veethayE gruNAnO havyadhAtayE
ni hOtaa satsi Barhishi -- Saaman 1 , Rg Vedam VI.16.10
(meaning): Having been eulogized by us , Come Oh adorable
Supreme Being to confer Your blessings on this dedicated
worshipper with prosperity . Oh Generous One ! May Thou
be seated in our innermost chamber of the heart ( specially
decorated chair) ! Be our hOta ( the preist of our invocation)
and be seated in this elegantly decorated chair that has been
specially created for You .
Similar to the Saama Vedam starting with salutations to Agni
( the Deva PurOhitha) , the First Rg Veda mantram also starts
with the eulogy to Agni :
AgnimeeDE purOhitham Yajn~yasya dEvamruthvijam
hOthAram rathnadhAthamam
(Meaning) We salute the most adorable Lord (Agni) ,
the supreme priest of cosmic activities , the divine
Lord , " who works through the eternal laws , and who
feeds and sustains all that is divine and luminous".
The salutations and the prayers for protection to Agni Devan
are many in Saama Vedam :
" mithramiva priyam sthushE " -- Passage from the 5th Saaman
(Meaning): Agni is dear to me as a close friend and
hence I adore Him .
The passage in the 47th Saaman salutes Agni as
" Gaathuvitthama: " ( Knower of all of Our Paths ,
Sarvaj~nan) .
The 61st Saaman seeks Agni's protection from every
amangaLam and adresses Him as our Lord of the House
(Gruha Pathi) ,our invoker (hOthru) and protector(pOthru):
ThavamagnE Gruhapathistavagum hOthAnO adhvarE
Thvam pOthaa visvavaara prachEthaa yakshi yAsi
cha vaaryam---61st Saaman
(meaning) : " Oh Fire -divine , You are the head of
the Family (Gruhapathi) , You are the invoker of
our benovolent actions( hOthaa) ; Oh Lord of all
boons !You are the preserver and all knowing .
May You convey the oblations to other bounties
and also enjoy Yourself ".
The above are examples of Saamans from
the AagnEya ( Belonging to Agni) KaanDa of
PurvArchika Saamans .
Such a reverence to Agni as a Deva is displayed as
the First of the 81 Deva TarpaNams among the 264
TarpaNams is for AGNI devan in the adhyAya
uthsarjana Karmaa (Saama Upaakarmaa) :
" Agni: thrupyathu "
TarpaNam for Indra (7th of the 264 TarpaNams)
*********************************************************
We will continue with the tarpaNam for Indra ,
another celebrated deva in Saama Vedam .
It is the 7th in order of TarpaNams after
the TarpaNams for (2) Brahma ( the Creator
ordained by Bhagavaan) ,(3) Soma: ( Chandran
and Soma Rasam) , (4) Siva: , (5)PrajApathi: ,
and (6) Savithaa .
The 7th TarpaNam following that of Savithaa
is for Indhran among the Devaas:
" Indhra: thrupyathu" .
The Saamans 115 to 585 are dedicated to Indra
as the Supreme Reality and this section is known
therfore as " Aindra Parvaa". The antharyAmi Brahman
inside Indra , the Satha Krathu ( the performer of hundred
Yaj~nAs ) is addressed here.
( To Be continued)
NamO Veda Purushaaya ,
Daasan , Oppiliappan Koil V.Sadagopan
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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