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Srimate SrivanSatakopa Sri Vedanta Desika Yatindra Mahadesikaya Nama:



The Unsung Hero



There is no doubt that of all the characters in Srimad Ramayana, Sri Rama, as 
the Hero of the epic, is the most written-about, bagging a lion's share of the 
slokas. Sri Mythily, Sri Bharata, Sri Lakshmana and Sri Hanuman have their fair 
share of the limelight too. Even Ravana and Vibheeshana merit quite a few 
sargAs, as do Sugreeva and others.



However, there is one person, who, despite his exalted stature and 
contribution, is spoken about very little in this voluminous epic of 24000 
slokas. From BAlakAnda to YuddhakAnda, perhaps the person least written of, 
despite his princely status, is Sri Satrughna. Among the four sons of Sri 
Dasaratha, he is the one attracting the least mention. This, however, is no 
reflection on his importance to the epic or of his stature, but solely due to 
his self-effacing nature.



Wherever we do find Sri Satrughna mentioned, it is as an inseparable adjunct to 
Sri Bharata. He is extremely attached to Sri Bharata, as much as Sri Lakshmana 
is to Sri Rama. Sri Satrughna's devotion to Sri Bharata is brought out by Sri 
Valmiki thus-

" BharatasyApi ShatrughnO Lakshmana avarajO hi sa:

PrANai: priyatarO nityam tasya cha Aseet tathA priya:"



Speaking about Sri Lakshmana's inseparability from Sri Rama, Sri Valmiki is 
reminded immediately of the similar bonds of affinity between the other two 
brothers. The son of KaikEyi and Sri Shatrughna were dearer to each other than 
their own lives.



Here, the great good fortune of Sri Sumitra has to be commented upon. First of 
all, it was she who was blessed with two sons, against one each of Kousalya and 
KaikEyI.

Further, both her sons preferred to play supporting roles to the main ones of 
Sri Rama and Sri Bharata, though themselves none the less capable and gifted in 
all spheres of life. The sons of Sumitra thus willingly let themselves be 
overshadowed by their brothers, preferring the mantle of kainkaryam to that of 
the kingdom. 



The important difference between the two progeny of this Queen is that while 
Sri Lakshmana preferred the service of the Lord, Sri Shatrughna plumped for the 
greater pleasure of BhAgavata Kainkaryam, that is, service to Sri Bharata, who 
was a great devotee of BhagavAn Sri Rama. All our Acharyas have been unanimous 
in declaring the superiority of BhAgavata kainkaryam to Bhagavat kainkaryam. 
Measured by this yardstick, Sri Shatrughna is twice blessed, compared to Sri 
Lakshmana.



One puzzling thing for which we are unable to find a solution is this- while it 
is natural for sons of the same mother (sahOdarA:) to be dear to each other, in 
Srimad Ramayana, we find the strange phenomenon of the sons of Sri Sumitra 
being attached, not specially to one another, but to sons of their 
step-mothers. To adiyen's limited knowledge, there doesn't seem to be any 
mention of the relationship between Sri Lakshmana and Sri Shatrughna, nor do 
they appear to have any special attachment to each other, compared to the 
extremely cherished bonds they had with Sri Rama and Sri Bharata respectively.



Sri Ramanuja is categorical that because of Piratti's inseparability from the 
Lord, the Shruti doesn't mention Her separately at most places. However, for 
all that, we must take it that all allusions to the Lord include His Consort 
too. A similar logic appears applicable in the case of Sri Shatrughna. As he is 
but an adjunct of Sri Bharata, all references to Bharata must include Satrughna 
too. This is no idle claim, as the following sloka would demonstrate:



"GacchatA mAtula kulam BharatEna saha anagha:

ShatrughnO nitya ShatrughnO neeta: preeti puraskrita:"



Sri Bharata leaves for a visit to his uncle YudhAjit's place. On this journey, 
he is accompanied by Sri Shatrughna too, who doesn't seem to have been invited 
at all! A study of Srimad Ramayana reveals what sticklers for protocol the 
rulers of Ayodhya and other kingdoms were. In such a scenario, if Sri Satrughna 
were to accompany the son of KaikEyI to her brother's house, it shows the depth 
of the relationship between the two, obviating the need for any invitation to 
one who would automatically accompany the other. This is similar to Sri 
Lakshmana going with Sri Rama to protect Sri Visvamitra's yAga. The Sage asks 
Sri Dasarata only for Sri Rama. Unsought by the Rishi and unbidden by his 
father, Sri Lakshmana chooses to accompany his brother on this dangerous 
mission, ever protective and caring.



Coming back to the sloka cited above, Sri Valmiki provides a rare thumbnail 
sketch of Sri ShatrughnA's character in the few words. This son of Sri Sumitra 
has been named "Shatrughna:" by Kulaguru Sri Vasishtta, who appears to have 
been adept at naming new-borns in a meaningful fashion, based on his reading of 
their nascent characters.



One might wonder, what is so special in the name "Shatrughna:" (the slayer of 
enemies), for all scions born into the royal household must necessarily be 
adept at eliminating opponents. It is almost like christening a royal baby 
"RAjA". However, a deeper analysis reveals that this distinguished brother of 
Lakshmana had conquered not merely external enemies but internal ones too. All 
of us know how difficult it is to overcome the notorious foes of KAma, KrOdha, 
MOha, lObha, Mata and MAtsarya, which, apart from pushing us deeper and deeper 
into the Sea of SamsAra, make us abject slaves to our faculties. It is these 
adversaries that Sri Shatrughna had conquered, apart from external ones like 
lavaNAsura. And his mastery over such foes was not momentary, but permanent, 
says Sri Valmiki-"nitya Shatrughna:" Thus, while we find even Sri Rama (touted 
to be a paragon of virtues) losing Himself to bouts of anger and grief, while 
Sri Lakshmana appears to be permanently on an extremely short fuse, while Sri 
Bharata's anger at his mother (for exiling Sri Rama) is uncontrollable, we do 
not hear of any such display of excessive emotions on the part of our 
Shatrughna, confirming his mastery over his faculties and emotions.



Sri Valmiki remarks that Sri Shatrughna was "taken" by Sri Bharata to his 
uncle's house. The word "neeta:" is extremely significant, for Shri Bharata 
"took" Shatrughna with him, much like any other inanimate possession whose 
consent for accompanying its master is never sought but presumed. This amply 
demonstrates the way Sri Shatrughna put himself entirely in the hands of Sri 
Bharata, in an endearing display of "PAratantriyam" 



Again in the aforesaid sloka, Sri Shatrughna is praised as being blemishless 
"anagha:". Commentators have expanded this to say that he was without the 
blemish of Rama bhakti. Would it not be blasphemy to term Ramabhakti a blemish? 
For Shatrughna, the whole and sole purpose of existence was to be of service to 
Sri Bharata. And since Ramabhakti would have definitely been a diversion in 
this regard, Sri Shatrughna gave up this "blemish" of Bhagavat Bhakti and 
concentrated on "BhAgavata Bhakti" or devotion to Sri Bharata.



Though an acknowledged master of his senses, Sri Shatrughna doesn't hesitate to 
vent his anger when it is called for. When he and Sri Bharata return to the 
palace after performing the obsequies for their dear father, witnessing Sri 
Bharata's distress, Sri Shatrughna is consumed by anger at the deformed 
Mantara, the root cause of all the sorrow that befell the happy royal family. 
He drags her along by the feet and is back to his sober self only after Sri 
Bharata points out that hurting her would never have Sri Rama's approval.



The love and affection Sri Shatrughna has for Sri Rama are brought out in the 
following sloka, in which he praises Sri Rama sky high, as being the refuge of 
all beings, the repository of all virtues, etc.-

"gati: ya: sarva bhootAnAm dukkhE kim puna: Atmana:

sa Rama: satva sampanna: striyA pravrAjitO vanam" 

However, it should be noted that Shatrughna's adoration for Sri Rama was only 
because the latter was the apple of Sri Bharata's eye. We thus find in 
Shatrughna the perfect personification of "BhAgavata SEshatvam"



Again, when Sri Rama entrusts the arduous task of destroying the dreaded 
lavaNAsura to Sri Bharata, Sri Shatrughna rushes to volunteer in his place, 
recounting to Sri Rama the physical and mental rigours, which Sri Bharata 
underwent during the fourteen years of Sri Rama's exile, and praying Sri Rama 
to spare Sri Bharata another ordeal. This extreme concern for Sri Bharata's 
welfare prompts Shatrughna to put his own life on a line and shows him up in 
all his glory as a person who would spare no effort and to whom no sacrifice 
would be too big, in the cause of service to the beloved Bharata.



Sri Shatrughna has another feather to his cap-that of being crowned the King of 
lavaNAsurA's kingdom, by the hands of Sri Rama Himself. Placing the protesting 
Shatrughna (protesting at the unwanted honour of coronation) on His lap, Sri 
Rama adorns him with the crown, hailed by courtiers and ministers. As if to 
compensate for his reticence in the first five KAndAs, Sri Valmiki waxes 
eloquent about Sri Satrughna and his prowess in the closing chapters of the 
epic, obviously stricken by remorse at his omission to eulogise this great 
Prince.



The meagre glimpses Sri Valmiki offers us of this Unsung Hero are enough to 
make him the object of our adoration. He might not have said much; his exploits 
might not have found full play in the epic. However, what little we learn of 
him imprints in our minds the picture of a warrior Prince, endowed with all 
auspicious attributes, no less in beauty, bravery or glory than any of his 
other distinguished brothers, but who consciously chose the path of selfless 
service, eschewing all desire or claims for personal glory, preferring the 
glory of kainkaryam to that of kingdom.



Srimate Sri LakshmINrsimha divya paduka sevaka SrivanSatakopa Sri Narayana 
Yatindra Mahadesikaya Nama:

Dasan, sadagopan













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