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SriRangaSri List Archive: Message 00084 Jul 2001

 
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--- In malolan_net@xxxx, dileepan@xxxx wrote:
Dear Bhagavathas:

Determining when a thithi/nakshatram begins and when it ends is 
essential for proper observance of upavasam, naimithika karmas etc. 
For this the following points are important.

1. The start of a particular thithi is based on the position of moon 
and sun with respect to earth. Where you live on earth has no 
bearing. The thithi starts exactly at the same instant, and lasts for 
exactly the same duration for everyone on earth.
2. There are rules based on what thithi exists at sun rise, or some 
hours before sun rise, or the duration of the thithi, that determine 
whether a particular rite must be observed on a given day. For 
example, in order to observe Ekadasi vradham dasami must not be 
present from four nAzhigais before sun rise, i.e. arunodayam.
3. We must apply these rules for each time zone for determining on 
which day a given rite must be observed.
4. Since these rules are referenced by sun rise the observance of a 
given rite will occur only during day time, not during night time. 
The problem cited by Sri Anbil Swamy will not be present.

Let us take the upcoming Ekadasi. The Ekadasi Vradham falls on 
Tuesday for Indai, but it must be observed on Monday in the U.S. As 
mentioned above, the rule for observing Ekadasi Vradham is that 
dasami must expire before Arunodayam. Arunodayam is 4 nAzhigais 
before sun rise.

The following computation is based on Pambu panjangam. In this 
example we calculate the start and end time for Ekadasi for Thanjavur 
first. The reason for choosing Thanjavur is simply because the 
pambuu panjangam gives the details for Thanjavore. If it gave these 
details for Timbucktu we can make the computations based on Timbuktu 
time.

At Thanjavur
-----------------------------------------------------------
Monday Tuesday Wednesday
30-Jul 31-Jul 1-Aug
Dasami Ekadasi Dwadasi
Sun rise (SR) : 6:04 AM 6:04 AM 6:04 AM
Duration after SR : 2 nA. 56vi 2 nA. 47 vi 3 nA. 54 vi.
Next thithi begins: 7:14 AM 7:10 AM 7:37 AM
-----------------------------------------------------------

US Eastern Daylight Time zone
-----------------------------------------------------------
Time difference -9.5 hours -9.5 hours -9.5 hours
Next thithi begins 9:44 PM 9:40 PM 10:07 PM
Date 29-Jul 30-Jul 31-Jul
Day Sunday Monday Tuesday
-----------------------------------------------------------

>From the above table, sun rise in Thanjavur is at 6:04 a.m. on July 
30th and Dasami is present for 2 nA. 56 vi. after sun rise. 
Therefore, the birth of Ekadasi is on July 30th at 6:04 a.m. + 2 nA, 
56 vi. = 7:14 a.m. Thanjavore time. That marks the start of Ekadasi 
not only in Thanjavore, but everywhere else. That instant in time in 
Eastern US Daylight time zone is 7:14 a.m. - 9.5 hours = 9:44 p.m. on 
July 29th. (For other time zones simply adjust by the appropriate 
time difference.) By a similar calculation we find that Dwadasi 
starts at 7:10 a.m. on July 31st in Thanjavur, i.e. 9:40 p.m. in 
Eastern Daylight time in US. on Monday July 30th.

Thus, in Thanjavur Ekadasi starts at 7:14 a.m. on Monday and lasts 
till 7:10 a.m. on Tuesday. This corresponds to a Ekadasi start time 
of 9:44 p.m. on Sunday and an end time of 9:40 p.m. on Monday in the 
US Easter Daylight Time zone.

Now, let us apply the rule for determining when to observe vradham. 
Remember, the rule is, vradham must be observed only if there is no 
dasami between arunodayam and suryodayam. For Thanjavur, Ekadasi 
begins only at 7:14 a.m. on Monday. That is, dasami is present even 
after sun rise, let alone between arunodayam and suryodayam. 
Therefore, Monday is not the day for observing vradham in Thanjavur. 
It must be observed on Tuesday.

However, in the U.S. for Eastern Daylight time zone, Ekadasi starts 
at 9:44 p.m. on Sunday. Thus, on Monday we do not have Dasami at or 
after arunodayam. Therefore Monday is the day for us to observe 
Vradham. Paranai, then is on the day following Ekadasi Vradham. 
More about Dwadasi paranai later.

As can be seen, the problem of observing Ekadasi at night mentioned 
by Sri Anbil Swamy is solved.

I don't know what the rule is for reckoning Amavasya. I will enquire 
about it. Please let me know if there is any problem with this 
analysis.

-- adiyEn

p.s. I wish to thank Sri Anand Srinivasan for pointing out the error 
in converting nAzhigai to minutes in my Upakarma post. Fortunately, 
that error did not change the reckoning of when to perform upakarma 
and Gyathri japam. After I return home I will post the correct 
time. Again, please be assured that the observance of Upakarma must 
be on Friday and Gayathri Japam mustbe on Saturday.
--- End forwarded message ---






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