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<!-- Begin file 1 of 26:  Letter A (Version 0.46) 
        
           This file is part 1 of the GNU version of
     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
               Also referred to as GCIDE
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           This dictionary was derived from the
         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
                 Version published 1913
               by the  C. &amp; G. Merriam Co.
                   Springfield, Mass.
                 Under the direction of
                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

                        and from
           WordNet, a semantic network created by
              the Cognitive Science Department
                 of Princeton University
                  under the direction of
                   Prof. George Miller

             and is being updated and supplemented by
         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
                       around the world.

     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 
ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic
dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a
large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,
time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation
of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the
internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
knowledge base should contact:

     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org
     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252
     Plainfield, NJ 07062
     (908) 561-3416


   Last edit January 16, 2002.

 -->

<p><q>A dictionary containing a natural history requires too many <qex>hands</qex>, as well as too much time, ever to be hoped for.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj></p>


<p><centered><point26>NUMBERS.</point26></centered></p>


<p><hw>0</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>indicating the absence of any or all units under consideration; -- representing the number zero as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> zero</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>used of a single unit or thing; not two or more; -- representing the number one as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> one, i, ane</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1-dodecanol</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>An insoluble solid alcohol (<chform>C12H25OH</chform>) with an unbranched paraffin chain, used to make detergents, such as sodium lauryl sulfate.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> lauryl alcohol</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1-hitter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a baseball game in which one team's pitchers allow the opposing team only one hit.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> one-hitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1st-class</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a class mail comprising letters, postcards, and other mail sealed against inspection, having a higher priority than second, third, or fourth-class mail; -- it is the highest class of mail not handled in a special manner, as is registered or priority mail.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> first-class, first-class mail, 1st-class mail</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>10</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than nine and one less than eleven; -- representing the number ten as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ten, x</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>100</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>the Arabic numerals representing the number one hundred; denoting a quantity consisting of one more than ninety nine and one less than one hundred and one; ten times ten</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> hundred, a hundred, one hundred, c</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1000</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than nine hundred ninety nine and one less than one thousand and one; -- representing the number one thousand as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thousand, a thousand, one thousand, m, k</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1000th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the nine hundred ninety-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thousandth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>10th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> tenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>100th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the ninety-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> hundredth, centesimal</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>11</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than ten and one less than twelve; -- representing the number eleven as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eleven, xi</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>11-plus</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an examination taken by 11 and 12 year old students to select suitable candidates for grammar school.</def> <mark>[formerly in England]</mark><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eleven-plus</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>11th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the tenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eleventh</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>12</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of 12 items or units; -- representing the number twelve as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twelve, xii, dozen</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>12th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the eleventh in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twelfth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>13</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than twelve and one less than fourteen; -- representing the number thirteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thirteen, xiii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>13th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twelfth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thirteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>14</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than thirteen and one less than fifteen; -- representing the number fourteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fourteen, xiv</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>14th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the thirteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fourteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>15</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than fourteen and one less than sixteen; -- representing the number fifteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fifteen, xv</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>15th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the fourteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fifteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>16</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than fifteen and one less than seventeen; -- representing the number sixteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sixteen, xvi</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>16th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the fifteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sixteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>17</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than sixteen and one less than eighteen; -- representing the number seventeen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seventeen, xvii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>17th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the sixteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seventeenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>18</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than seventeen; denoting a quantity consisting of one more than seventeen and one less than nineteen; -- representing the number eighteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eighteen, xviii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>18th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the seventeenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eighteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>19</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than eighteen; denoting a quantity consisting of one more than eighteen and one less than twenty; -- representing the number nineteen as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> nineteen, xix</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>19th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the eighteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> nineteenth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>1st</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>preceding all other objects or events in order, time, or importance; occurring before all other members of a series.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> first</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>2</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of one more than one; one plus one more; -- representing the number two as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> two, ii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>2-hitter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 2 hits.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> two-hitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>20</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than nineteen; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty items or units; -- representing the number twenty as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty, xx, score</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>20th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the nineteenth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twentieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>21</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty; twenty plus one more; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-one items or units; -- representing the number twenty-one as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-one, xxi</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>21st</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twentieth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-first</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>22</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty-one; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-two items or units; -- representing the number twenty-two as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-two, xxii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>22nd</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-first in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-second</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>23</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty-two; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-three items or units; -- representing the number twenty-three as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-three, xxiii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>23rd</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-second in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-third</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>24</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty-three; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-four items or units; -- representing the number twenty-four as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-four, xxiv</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>24/7</hw> <pos>adj. &amp; adv.</pos> <pr>(tw&ebreve_;n"t&emacr;f&ocirc;r-s&ebreve_;v"&eitalic_;n)</pr> <ety>[From <ets>24</ets> hours per day, <ets>7</ets> days per week.]</ety>  <def>Without interruption; non-stop; continuous; <as>as, the computer manufacturer provides <ex>24/7</ex> technical help</as>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-four-seven, 7/24</syn><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>24th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-third in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-fourth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>25</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty-four; denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-five items or units; -- representing the number twenty-five as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-five, xxv</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>25th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-fourth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-fifth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>26</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-six items or units; -- representing the number twenty-six as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-six, xxvi</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>26th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-fifth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-sixth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>27</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-seven items or units; -- representing the number twenty-seven as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-seven, xxvii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>27th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-sixth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-seventh</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>28</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-eight items or units; -- representing the number twenty-eight as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-eight, xxviii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>28th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-seventh in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-eighth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>29</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>denoting a quantity consisting of twenty-nine items or units; -- representing the number twenty-nine as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-nine, xxix</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>29th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-eighth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> twenty-ninth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>2d</hw> <hw>2nd</hw></mhw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> second, 2nd</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>3</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than two; denoting a quantity consisting of three items or units; -- representing the number three as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> three, iii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>30</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than twenty-nine; three times ten; denoting a quantity consisting of thirty items or units; -- representing the number thirty as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thirty, xxx</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>30th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the twenty-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> thirtieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>3rd</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the second in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> third, tertiary</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>4</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than three; denoting a quantity consisting of four items or units; -- representing the number four as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> four, iv</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>4-hitter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 4 hits.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> four-hitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>40</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than thirty-nine; four times ten; denoting a quantity consisting of fourty items or units; -- representing the number fourty as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> forty, xl, twoscore</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>40th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the thirty-ninth in position</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fortieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>4th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the third in position</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fourth, quaternary</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>4to</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the size of a book whose pages are made by folding a sheet of paper twice to form four leaves.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> quarto</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>5</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than four; denoting a quantity consisting of five items or units; -- representing the number five as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> five, v</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>5-hitter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 5 hits.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> five-hitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>50</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than fourty-nine; five times ten; denoting a quantity consisting of fifty items or units; -- representing the number fifty as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fifty, l</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>500</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than four hundred ninety-nine; five times one hundred; denoting a quantity consisting of five hundred items or units; -- representing the number five hundred as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> five hundred, d</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>50th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the fourty-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fiftieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>5th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the fourth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fifth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>6</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than five; denoting a quantity consisting of six items or units; -- representing the number six as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> six, vi, half dozen, half a dozen</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>60</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than fifty-nine; denoting a quantity consisting of sixty items or units; -- representing the number sixty as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sixty, lx, threescore</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><h1>60 minutes</h1> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> hour, hr</syn> <def>a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn><br/>
<def>a 1-hour television program broadcast once weekly on the CBS television network since the 1970's.  Its format is that of a "news magazine" treating typically three topics during each show, plus occasional commentary.</def> <mark>[Proper name]</mark><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Sixty Minutes</syn><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>60th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the fifty-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sixtieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>6th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos>  <def>Coming next after the fifth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sixth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>7</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>One more than six; constituting or denoting a quantity consisting of seven items or units; -- representing the number seven as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seven, vii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>7/24</hw> <pos>adj. &amp; adv.</pos> <def>Same as <er>24/7</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>70</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than sixty-nine; denoting a quantity consisting of seventy items or units; -- representing the number sevent as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seventy, lxx</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>70th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the sixty-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seventieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>7th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the sixth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> seventh</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>8</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than seven; denoting a quantity consisting of eight items or units; -- representing the number eight as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eight, viii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>80</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than seventy-nine and one less than eighty-one; denoting a quantity consisting of eighty items or units; -- representing the number eighty as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eighty, lxxx, fourscore</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>80th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the seventy-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eightieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>8th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the seventh in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> eighth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>9</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than eight and one less than ten; denoting a quantity consisting of nine items or units; -- representing the number nine as an Arabic numeral</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> nine, ix</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>90</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>one more than eighty-nine and one less than ninety-one; denoting a quantity consisting of ninety items or units; -- representing the number ninety as Arabic numerals</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ninety, xc</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>90th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the eighty-ninth in a series</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ninetieth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>9th</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>coming next after the eighth and just before the tenth in position</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ninth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>3-D</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a movie with images having three dimensional form or appearance.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> three-D, 3D</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>3-hitter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 3 hits.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> three-hitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>8vo</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the size of a book whose pages are made by folding a sheet of paper three times to form eight leaves.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> octavo, eightvo</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1 --></p>

<p><centered><point26>A.</point26></centered></p>

<p><hw>A</hw> <pr>(<it>named &amacr; in the English, and most commonly &auml; in other languages</it>)</pr>. <def>The first letter of the English and of many other alphabets. The capital A of the alphabets of Middle and Western Europe, as also the small letter (a), besides the forms in Italic, black letter, etc., are all descended from the old Latin A, which was borrowed from the Greek <spn>Alpha</spn>, of the same form; and this was made from the first letter (&unr_;) of the Ph&oelig;nician alphabet, the equivalent of the Hebrew <xex>Aleph</xex>, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The <xex>Aleph</xex> was a consonant letter, with a guttural breath sound that was not an element of Greek articulation; and the Greeks took it to represent their vowel <xex>Alpha</xex> with the &auml; sound, the Ph&oelig;nician alphabet having no vowel symbols.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>This letter, in English, is used for several different vowel sounds. See <xex>Guide to pronunciation</xex>, &sect;&sect; 43-74. The regular long <it>a</it>, as in <xex>fate</xex>, etc., is a comparatively modern sound, and has taken the place of what, till about the early part of the 17th century, was a sound of the quality of &auml; (as in <xex>far</xex>).<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>The name of the sixth tone in the model major scale (that in C), or the first tone of the minor scale, which is named after it the scale in A minor. The second string of the violin is tuned to the A in the treble staff. -- A sharp (A&sharp;) is the name of a musical tone intermediate between A and B. -- A flat (A&flat;) is the name of a tone intermediate between A and G.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>A per se</b></col> <ety>(L. <ets>per se</ets> by itself)</ety>, <cd>one pre&euml;minent; a nonesuch.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>O fair Creseide, the flower and <qex>A per se</qex><br/>
Of Troy and Greece.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A</hw> <pr>(&adot_; <it>emph.</it> &amacr;)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <ety>[Shortened form of <ets>an</ets>. AS. &amacr;n one. See <er>One</er>.]</ety> <def>An adjective, commonly called the indefinite article, and signifying <xex>one</xex> or <xex>any</xex>, but less emphatically.</def> &ldquo;At <xex>a</xex> birth&rdquo;; &ldquo;In <xex>a</xex> word&rdquo;; &ldquo;At <xex>a</xex> blow&rdquo;. <au>Shak.</au> <note>It is placed before nouns of the singular number denoting an individual object, or a quality individualized, before collective nouns, and also before plural nouns when the adjective <xex>few</xex> or the phrase <xex>great many</xex> or <xex>good many</xex> is interposed; <as>as, <ex>a</ex> dog, <ex>a</ex> house, <ex>a</ex> man; <ex>a</ex> color; <ex>a</ex> sweetness; <ex>a</ex> hundred, <ex>a</ex> fleet, <ex>a</ex> regiment; <ex>a</ex> few persons, <ex>a</ex> great many days.</as>  It is used for <xex>an</xex>, for the sake of euphony, before words beginning with a consonant sound [for exception of certain words beginning with <xex>h</xex>, see <er>An</er>]; <as>as, a table, <ex>a woman</ex>, <ex>a</ex> year, <ex>a</ex> unit, <ex>a</ex> eulogy, <ex>a</ex> ewe, <ex>a</ex> oneness, such <ex>a</ex> one, etc.</as>  Formally <xex>an</xex> was used both before vowels and consonants.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[Originally the preposition <ets>a</ets> (<ets>an</ets>, <ets>on</ets>).]</ety> <def>In each; to or for each; <as>as, &ldquo;twenty leagues <ex>a</ex> day&rdquo;, &ldquo;a hundred pounds <ex>a</ex> year&rdquo;, &ldquo;a dollar <ex>a</ex> yard&rdquo;, etc.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A</hw> <pr>(&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>prep.</pos> <ety>[Abbreviated form of <ets>an</ets> (AS. <ets>on</ets>). See <er>On</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In; on; at; by.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>A</xex> God's name.&rdquo;  &ldquo;Torn <xex>a</xex> pieces.&rdquo; &ldquo;Stand <xex>a</xex> tiptoe.&rdquo; &ldquo;<xex>A</xex> Sundays&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;Wit that men have now <xex>a</xex> days.&rdquo; <au>Chaucer.</au> &ldquo;Set them <xex>a</xex> work.&rdquo; <au>Robynson (More's Utopia).</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>In process of; in the act of; into; to; -- used with verbal substantives in <xex>-ing</xex> which begin with a consonant. This is a shortened form of the preposition <xex>an</xex> (which was used before the vowel sound); as in <xex>a</xex> hunting, <xex>a</xex> building, <xex>a</xex> begging.</def> &ldquo;Jacob, when he was <xex>a</xex> dying&rdquo; <au>Heb. xi. 21.</au>  &ldquo;We'll <xex>a</xex> birding together.&rdquo; &ldquo; It was <xex>a</xex> doing.&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au>  &ldquo;He burst out <xex>a</xex> laughing.&rdquo; <au>Macaulay.</au>  <note>The hyphen may be used to connect <xex>a</xex> with the verbal substantive (as, <xex>a</xex>-hunting, <xex>a</xex>-building) or the words may be written separately. This form of expression is now for the most part obsolete, the <xex>a</xex> being omitted and the verbal substantive treated as a participle.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. <ety>[From AS. <ets>of</ets> off, from. See <er>Of</er>.]</ety> <def>Of.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;The name of John <xex>a</xex> Gaunt.&rdquo;  &ldquo;What time <xex>a</xex> day is it ?&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;It's six <xex>a</xex> clock.&rdquo; <au>B. Jonson.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. <def>A barbarous corruption of <xex>have</xex>, of <xex>he</xex>, and sometimes of <xex>it</xex> and of <xex>they</xex>.</def>  &ldquo;So would I <xex>a</xex> done&rdquo; &ldquo;<xex>A</xex> brushes his hat.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. <def>An expletive, void of sense, to fill up the meter</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A merry heart goes all the day,<br/>
Your sad tires in a mile-<qex>a</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A-</hw>. <def>A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from various sources. (1) It frequently signifies <xex>on</xex> or <xex>in</xex> (from <xex>an</xex>, <xex>a</xex> forms of AS. <xex>on</xex>), denoting a state, as in <xex>a</xex>foot, on foot, <xex>a</xex>bed, <xex>a</xex>miss, <xex>a</xex>sleep, aground, <xex>a</xex>loft, <xex>a</xex>way (AS. <xex>onweg</xex>), and analogically, <xex>a</xex>blaze, <xex>a</xex>tremble, etc. (2) AS. <xex>of</xex> off, from, as in <xex>a</xex>down (AS. <xex>ofd&umacr;ne</xex> off the <xex>dun</xex> or hill). (3) AS. &amacr;- (Goth. <xex>us-</xex>, <xex>ur-</xex>, Ger. <xex>er-</xex>), usually giving an intensive force, and sometimes the sense of <xex>away</xex>, <xex>on</xex>, <xex>back</xex>, as in <xex>a</xex>rise, <xex>a</xex>bide, <xex>a</xex>go. (4) Old English <xex>y-</xex> or <xex>i-</xex> (corrupted from the AS. inseparable particle <xex>ge-</xex>, cognate with OHG. <xex>ga-</xex>, <xex>gi-</xex>, Goth. <xex>ga-</xex>), which, as a prefix, made no essential addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5) French <xex>&agrave;</xex> (L. <xex>ad</xex> to), as in <xex>a</xex>base, <xex>a</xex>chieve. (6) L. <xex>a</xex>, <xex>ab</xex>, <xex>abs</xex>, from, as in <xex>a</xex>vert. (7) Greek insep. prefix &alpha; without, or privative, not, as in <xex>a</xex>byss, <xex>a</xex>theist; akin to E. <xex>un-</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>Besides these, there are other sources from which the prefix <ex>a</ex> takes its origin.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A 1</hw> <pr>(&amacr; w&ubreve;n)</pr>. <def>A registry mark given by underwriters (as at Lloyd's) to ships in first-class condition. Inferior grades are indicated by A 2 and A 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note><ex>A 1</ex> is also applied colloquially to other things to imply superiority; prime; first-class; first-rate.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>a.u.</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn><fld>(Astron.)</fld>  <def>the unit of length equal to the mean distance of the Earth from the sun, about 93 million miles (150 million kiometers); -- used almost exclusively in astronomy, or to describe astronomical distances.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> astronomical unit, AU, A.U.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>AA</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>acronym for <er>Associate in Arts</er>, a college degree granted for successful completion of a two-year course of study in arts or general topics.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Associate in Arts</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def><org>Alcoholics Anonymous</org>.</def> <mark>[Acronym.]</mark><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Aam</hw> <pr>(&asuml_;m <it>or</it> &auml;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>aam</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>ama</ets>; cf. L. <ets>hama</ets> a water bucket, Gr. &unr_;]</ety> <def>A Dutch and German measure of liquids, varying in different cities, being at Amsterdam about 41 wine gallons, at Antwerp 36<frac>1/2</frac>, at Hamburg 38<frac>1/4</frac>.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Aum</asp> and <asp>Awm</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>aard"vark`</hw> <pr>(&auml;rd"v&auml;rk`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D., earth-pig.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An edentate mammal, of the genus <gen>Orycteropus</gen> (<spn>Orycteropus afer</spn>), somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of Southern Africa.  It is a nocturnal <isa>ungulate</isa>, burrows in the ground with its powerful claws, and feeds entirely on ants and termites, which it catches with its long, extensile, slimy tongue.  It is the sole extant representative of the order <ord>Tubulidentata</ord>.</def>  <altsp>[Spelled also <asp>Aard-vark</asp>.]</altsp> <br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b>ant bear, anteater, <spn>Orycteropus afer</spn>, oryctere, orycterope</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Aard"-wolf`</hw> <pr>(&auml;rd"w&oobreve_;lf)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D, earth-wolf]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A carnivorous, striped, quadruped mammal (<spn>Proteles cristata</spn>, formerly <spn>Proteles Lalandii</spn>), of South Africa, resembling the fox and hyena. It feeds chiefly on insects. See <er>Proteles</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Aa*ron"ic</hw> <pr>(&auptack_;*r&obreve_;n"&ibreve_;k)</pr>, <hw>Aa*ron"ic*al</hw> <pr>(-&ibreve_;*k&aitalic_;l)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to Aaron, the first high priest of the Jews.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Aar"on's rod`</hw> <pr>(&acirc;r"&ubreve;nz r&obreve_;d`)</pr>. <ety>[See Exodus vii. 9 and Numbers xvii. 8]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A rod with one serpent twined around it, thus differing from the caduceus of Mercury, which has two.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A plant with a tall flowering stem; esp. the great mullein, or hag-taper, and the golden-rod.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>AAS</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an associate degree conferred for successful studies in applied science.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>AAAS</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the <org>American Association for the Advancement of Science</org>, an organization with headquarters in Washington, D.C.  Its goal is to advance the physical and social sciences, and it publishes a weekly journal <jour>Science</jour>, with original research articles as well as reviews and commentary.</def> <mark>[Acronym.]</mark><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> <org>American Association for the Advancement of Science</org>.</syn>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>aas</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a loose sleeveless outer garment made from aba cloth; worn by Arabs.</def> <hypen>overgarment, outer garment</hypen><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab-</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b)</pr>. <ety>[Latin prep., etymologically the same as E. <ets>of</ets>, <ets>off</ets>. See <er>Of</er>.]</ety> <def>A prefix in many words of Latin origin. It signifies <xex>from</xex>, <xex>away</xex> , <xex>separating</xex>, or <xex>departure</xex>, as in <xex>ab</xex>duct, <xex>abs</xex>tract, <xex>abs</xex>cond. See <er>A-</er>(6).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Of Syriac origin.]</ety> <def>The fifth month of the Jewish year according to the ecclesiastical reckoning, the eleventh by the civil computation, coinciding nearly with August.</def>  <rj><au>W. Smith.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab"a*ca</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*k&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[The native name.]</ety> <def>The Manila-hemp plant (<spn>Musa textilis</spn>); also, its fiber. See <cref>Manila hemp</cref> under <er>Manila</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bac"i*nate</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;s"&ibreve_;*n&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>abacinatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abacinare</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> off + <ets>bacinus</ets> a basin.]</ety> <def>To blind by a red-hot metal plate held before the eyes.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bac`i*na"tion</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;s`&ibreve_;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of abacinating.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab`a*cis"cus</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b`&adot_;*s&ibreve_;s"k&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>'abaki`skos</grk>, dim of <grk>'a`bax</grk>. See <er>Abacus</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>One of the tiles or squares of a tessellated pavement; an abaculus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*cist</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*s&ibreve_;st)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL <ets>abacista</ets>, fr. <ets>abacus</ets>.]</ety> <def>One who uses an abacus in casting accounts; a calculator.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*back"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;k")</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>a-</ets> + <ets>back</ets>; AS. <ets>on b&aelig;c</ets> at, on, or toward the back. See <er>Back</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Toward the back or rear; backward.</def> &ldquo;Therewith <xex>aback</xex> she started.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Behind; in the rear.</def>  <rj><au>Knolles.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>Backward against the mast; -- said of the sails when pressed by the wind.</def>  <rj><au>Totten.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To be taken aback</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>To be driven backward against the mast; -- said of the sails, also of the ship when the sails are thus driven.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>To be suddenly checked, baffled, or discomfited.</cd>  <rj><au>Dickens.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"ack</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&aitalic_;k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An abacus.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"ti*nal</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&abreve;k"t&ibreve_;*n&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ab</ets> + E. <ets>actinal</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in a radiate animal; -- opposed to <contr>actinal</contr>.</def> &ldquo;The aboral or <xex>abactinal</xex> area.&rdquo;  <rj><au>L. Agassiz.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"tion</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Stealing cattle on a large scale.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"tor</hw> <pr>(-t&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., fr. <ets>abigere</ets> to drive away; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>agere</ets> to drive.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>One who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds or droves.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A*bac"u*lus</hw> <pr>(&adot_;b*&abreve;k"&uuptack_;*l&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abaculi</plw> <pr>(-l&imacr;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., dim. of <ets>abacus</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A small tile of glass, marble, or other substance, of various colors, used in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements.</def>  <rj><au>Fairholt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*cus</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*k&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; E. <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abacuses</plw> ; L. pl. <plw>Abaci</plw> <pr>(-s&imacr;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>abacus</ets>, <ets>abax</ets>, Gr. <grk>'a`bax</grk>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A table or tray strewn with sand, anciently used for drawing, calculating, etc.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A calculating table or frame; an instrument for performing arithmetical calculations by balls sliding on wires, or counters in grooves, the lowest line representing units, the second line, tens, etc. It is still employed in China.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, immediately under the architrave. See <er>Column</er>.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A tablet, panel, or compartment in ornamented or mosaic work.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated compartments, for holding cups, bottles, or the like; a kind of cupboard, buffet, or sideboard.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Abacus harmonicus</b></col> <fld>(Mus.)</fld>, <cd>an ancient diagram showing the structure and disposition of the keys of an instrument.</cd>  <rj><au>Crabb.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*da</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*d&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Pg., the female rhinoceros.]</ety> <def>The rhinoceros.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Purchas.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bad"don</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;d"d&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Heb. <ets>&amacr;badd&omacr;n</ets> destruction, abyss, fr. <ets>&amacr;bad</ets> to be lost, to perish.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The destroyer, or angel of the bottomless pit; -- the same as Apollyon and Asmodeus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hell; the bottomless pit.</def> <mark>[Poetic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In all her gates, <qex>Abaddon</qex> rues<br/>
Thy bold attempt.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*baft"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&adot_;ft")</pr>, <pos>prep.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>a-</ets> on + OE. <ets>baft</ets>, <ets>baften</ets>, <ets>biaften</ets>, AS. <ets>be&aelig;ftan</ets>; <ets>be</ets> by + <ets>&aelig;ftan</ets> behind. See <er>After</er>, <er>Aft</er>, <er>By</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>Behind; toward the stern from; <as>as, <ex>abaft</ex> the wheelhouse</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Abaft the beam</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Beam</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*baft"</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>Toward the stern; aft; <as>as, to go <ex>abaft</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bai"sance</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;"s&aitalic_;ns)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[For <ets>obeisance</ets>; confused with F. <ets>abaisser</ets>, E. abase.]</ety> <def>Obeisance.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bai"ser</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;"s&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Ivory black or animal charcoal.</def>  <rj><au>Weale.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 2 --></p>

<p><hw>A*baist"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;st")</pr>, <pos>p. p.</pos> <def>Abashed; confounded; discomfited.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*al"ien*ate</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&amacr;l"y&eitalic_;n*&amacr;t; 94, 106)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abalienatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abalienare</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>alienus</ets> foreign, alien. See <er>Alien</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Civil Law)</fld> <def>To transfer the title of from one to another; to alienate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To estrange; to withdraw.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To cause alienation of (mind).</def>  <rj><au>Sandys.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*al`ien*a"tion</hw> <pr>(-&amacr;l`y&eitalic_;n*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abalienatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>abali&eacute;nation</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of abalienating; alienation; estrangement.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab`a*lo"ne</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b`&adot_;*l&omacr;"n&euptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A univalve mollusk of the genus <gen>Haliotis</gen>. The shell is lined with mother-of-pearl, and used for ornamental purposes; the sea-ear. Several large species are found on the coast of California, clinging closely to the rocks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abampere</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fr>1</fr> <fld>(Electricity)</fld>  <def>a unit of electrical current equal to 10 amperes.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> abamp</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*band"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;nd")</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Contracted from <ets>abandon</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To abandon.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q> Enforced the kingdom to <qex>aband</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To banish; to expel.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Mir. for Mag.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abandoned</conjf> <pr>(-d&ubreve;nd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abandoning</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OF. <ets>abandoner</ets>, F. <ets>abandonner</ets>; <ets>a</ets> (L. <ets>ad</ets>) + <ets>bandon</ets> permission, authority, LL. <ets>bandum</ets>, <ets>bannum</ets>, public proclamation, interdiction, <ets>bannire</ets> to proclaim, summon: of Germanic origin; cf. Goth. <ets>bandwjan</ets> to show by signs, to designate OHG. <ets>ban</ets> proclamation. The word meant to proclaim, put under a ban, put under control; hence, as in OE., to compel, subject, or to leave in the control of another, and hence, to give up. See <er>Ban</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To cast or drive out; to banish; to expel; to reject.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That he might . . . <qex>abandon</qex> them from him.</q> <rj><qau>Udall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Being all this time <qex>abandoned</qex> from your bed.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To give up absolutely; to forsake entirely ; to renounce utterly; to relinquish all connection with or concern on; to desert, as a person to whom one owes allegiance or fidelity; to quit; to surrender.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Hope was overthrown, yet could not be <qex>abandoned</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Reflexively: To give (one's self) up without attempt at self-control; to yield (one's self) unrestrainedly; -- often in a bad sense.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He <qex>abandoned</qex> himself . . . to his favorite vice.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Mar. Law)</fld> <def>To relinquish all claim to; -- used when an insured person gives up to underwriters all claim to the property covered by a policy, which may remain after loss or damage by a peril insured against.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To give up; yield; forego; cede; surrender; resign; abdicate; quit; relinquish; renounce; desert; forsake; leave; retire; withdraw from.</syn> -- <usage><er>To Abandon</er>, <er>Desert</er>, <er>Forsake</er>. These words agree in representing a person as <xex>giving up</xex> or <xex>leaving</xex> some object, but differ as to the mode of doing it. The distinctive sense of abandon is that of giving up a thing absolutely and finally; as, to abandon one's friends, places, opinions, good or evil habits, a hopeless enterprise, a shipwrecked vessel. <xex>Abandon</xex> is more widely applicable than <xex>forsake</xex> or <xex>desert</xex>. The Latin original of <xex>desert</xex> appears to have been originally applied to the case of deserters from military service. Hence, the verb, when used of <ex>persons</ex> in the active voice, has usually or always a bad sense, implying some breach of fidelity, honor, etc., the leaving of something which the person should rightfully stand by and support; as, to <ex>desert</ex> one's colors, to <ex>desert</ex> one's post, to <ex>desert</ex> one's principles or duty. When used in the passive, the sense is not necessarily bad; as, the fields were <ex>deserted</ex>, a <ex>deserted</ex> village, <ex>deserted</ex> halls. <ex>Forsake</ex> implies the breaking off of previous habit, association, personal connection, or that the thing left had been familiar or frequented; as, to forsake old friends, to <ex>forsake</ex> the paths of rectitude, the blood <ex>forsook</ex> his cheeks. It may be used either in a good or in a bad sense.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>abandon</ets>. fr. <ets>abandonner</ets>. See <er>Abandon</er>, <pos>v.</pos>]</ety> <def>Abandonment; relinquishment.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A`ban`don"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;`b&auml;N`d&ocirc;N")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. See <er>Abandon</er>.]</ety> <def>A complete giving up to natural impulses; freedom from artificial constraint; careless freedom or ease.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"doned</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;nd)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Forsaken, deserted.</def> &ldquo;Your <xex>abandoned</xex> streams.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Thomson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Self-abandoned, or given up to vice; extremely wicked, or sinning without restraint; irreclaimably wicked ; <as>as, an <ex>abandoned</ex> villain</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Profligate; dissolute; corrupt; vicious; depraved; reprobate; wicked; unprincipled; graceless; vile.</syn> -- <usage><er>Abandoned</er>, <er>Profligate</er>, <er>Reprobate</er>. These adjectives agree in expressing the idea of great personal depravity. <er>Profligate</er> has reference to open and shameless immoralities, either in private life or political conduct; as, a <er>profligate</er> court, a <er>profligate</er> ministry. <er>Abandoned</er> is stronger, and has reference to the searing of conscience and hardening of heart produced by a man's giving himself wholly up to iniquity; as, a man of <er>abandoned</er> character. <er>Reprobate</er> describes the condition of one who has become insensible to reproof, and who is morally abandoned and lost beyond hope of recovery.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>God gave them over to a <qex>reprobate</qex> mind.</q> <rj><qau>Rom. i. 28.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"doned*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Unrestrainedly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban`don*ee"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;n`d&ubreve;n*&emacr;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>One to whom anything is legally abandoned.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don*er</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;n*&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who abandons.</def>  <rj><au>Beau. &amp; Fl.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don*ment</hw> <pr>(-m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>abandonnement</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>abandonment</qex> of the independence of Europe.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mar. Law)</fld> <def>The relinquishment by the insured to the underwriters of what may remain of the property insured after a loss or damage by a peril insured against.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Com. Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege, as to mill site, etc.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The voluntary leaving of a person to whom one is bound by a special relation, as a wife, husband, or child; desertion.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Careless freedom or ease; abandon.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A*ban"dum</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. See <er>Abandon</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Anything forfeited or confiscated.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*net</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*n&ebreve_;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Abnet</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A*ban"ga</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;&nsmacr_;"g&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Name given by the negroes in the island of St. Thomas.]</ety> <def>A West Indian palm; also the fruit of this palm, the seeds of which are used as a remedy for diseases of the chest.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ab`an*na"tion</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b`&abreve;n*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <hw>Ab`an*nition</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b`&abreve;n*n&ibreve_;sh"&ubreve;n)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>abannatio</ets>; <ets>ad</ets> + LL. <ets>bannire</ets> to banish.]</ety> <fld>(Old Law)</fld> <def>Banishment.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bailey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b`&auml;r*t&ibreve_;k`&uuptack_;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ab</ets> + E. <ets>articulation</ets> : cf. F. <ets>abarticulation</ets>. See <er>Article</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Articulation, usually that kind of articulation which admits of free motion in the joint; diarthrosis.</def>  <rj><au>Coxe.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*base"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;s")</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abased</conjf> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;st")</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abasing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>abaisser</ets>, LL. <ets>abassare</ets>, <ets>abbassare</ets> ; <ets>ad</ets> + <ets>bassare</ets>, fr. <ets>bassus</ets> low. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To lower or depress; to throw or cast down; <as>as, to <ex>abase</ex> the eye</as>.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Saying so, he <qex>abased</qex> his lance.</q> <rj><qau>Shelton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To cast down or reduce low or lower, as in rank, office, condition in life, or estimation of worthiness; to depress; to humble; to degrade.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Whosoever exalteth himself shall be <qex>abased</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Luke xiv. ll.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To <er>Abase</er>, <er>Debase</er>, <er>Degrade</er>. These words agree in the idea of bringing down from a higher to a lower state. <xex>Abase</xex> has reference to a bringing down in condition or feelings; <as>as, to <ex>abase</ex> the proud, to <ex>abase</ex> one's self before God</as>. <xex>Debase</xex> has reference to the bringing down of a thing in purity, or <xex>making it base</xex>. It is, therefore, always used in a bad sense, as, to <xex>debase</xex> the coin of the kingdom, to <xex>debase</xex> the mind by vicious indulgence, to <xex>debase</xex> one's style by coarse or vulgar expressions. <xex>Degrade</xex> has reference to a bringing down from some higher <xex>grade</xex> or from some standard. Thus, a priest is <xex>degraded</xex> from the clerical office. When used in a moral sense, it denotes a bringing down in character and just estimation; as, <xex>degraded</xex> by intemperance, a <xex>degrading</xex> employment, etc. &ldquo;Art is <xex>degraded</xex> when it is regarded only as a trade.&rdquo;</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*based"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;st")</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Lowered; humbled.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <ety>[F. <ets>abaiss&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>Borne lower than usual, as a fess; also, having the ends of the wings turned downward towards the point of the shield.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bas"ed*ly</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;s"&ebreve_;d*l&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Abjectly; downcastly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*base"ment</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;s"m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>abaissement</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of abasing, humbling, or bringing low; the state of being abased or humbled; humiliation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bas"er</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;s"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>He who, or that which, abases.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bash"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;sh")</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abashed</conjf> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;sht")</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abashing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>abaissen</ets>, <ets>abaisshen</ets>, <ets>abashen</ets>, OF. <ets>esbahir</ets>, F. <ets>&eacute;bahir</ets>, to astonish, fr. L. <ets>ex</ets> + the interjection <ets>bah</ets>, expressing astonishment. In OE. somewhat confused with <ets>abase</ets>. Cf. <er>Finish</er>.]</ety> <def>To destroy the self-possession of; to confuse or confound, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to put to shame; to disconcert; to discomfit.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Abashed</qex>, the devil stood,<br/>
And felt how awful goodness is.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He was a man whom no check could <qex>abash</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To confuse; confound; disconcert; shame.</syn> <usage> -- To <er>Abash</er>, Confuse, <er>Confound</er>. <xex>Abash</xex> is a stronger word than <xex>confuse</xex>, but not so strong as <xex>confound</xex>. We are <xex>abashed</xex> when struck either with sudden shame or with a humbling sense of inferiority; as, Peter was <xex>abashed</xex> by the look of his Master.  So a modest youth is <xex>abashed</xex> in the presence of those who are greatly his superiors. We are <xex>confused</xex> when, from some unexpected or startling occurrence, we lose clearness of thought and self-possession. Thus, a witness is often <xex>confused</xex> by a severe cross-examination; a timid person is apt to be <xex>confused</xex> in entering a room full of strangers. We are <xex>confounded</xex> when our minds are overwhelmed, as it were, by something wholly unexpected, amazing, dreadful, etc., so that we have nothing to say. Thus, a criminal is usually <xex>confounded</xex> at the discovery of his guilt.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Satan stood<br/>
Awhile as mute, <qex>confounded</qex> what to say.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bash"ed*ly</hw> <pr>(-&ebreve_;d*l&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In an abashed manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bash"ment</hw> <pr>(-m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>&eacute;bahissement</ets>.]</ety> <def>The state of being abashed; confusion from shame.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A*ba"si*a</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;"zh&ibreve_;*&adot_;; -z&ibreve_;*&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.; Gr. <grk>'a-</grk> not + <grk>ba`sis</grk> a step.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Inability to co&ouml;rdinate muscular actions properly in walking.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>A*ba"sic</wf> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;"s&ibreve_;k)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>A*bas"si</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;s"s&ibreve_;)</pr>, &Verbar;<hw>A*bas"sis</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&abreve;s"s&ibreve_;s)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ar. &amp; Per. <ets>ab&amacr;s&imacr;</ets>, belonging to Abas (a king of Persia).]</ety> <def>A silver coin of Persia, worth about twenty cents.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bat"a*ble</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;t"&adot_;*b'l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being abated; <as>as, an <ex>abatable</ex> writ or nuisance</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bate"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;t")</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abated</conjf>, <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OF. <ets>abatre</ets> to beat down, F. <ets>abattre</ets>, LL. <ets>abatere</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> or <ets>ad</ets> + <ets>batere</ets>, <ets>battere</ets> (popular form for L. <ets>batuere</ets> to beat). Cf. <er>Bate</er>, <er>Batter</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To beat down; to overthrow.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The King of Scots . . . sore <qex>abated</qex> the walls.</q> <rj><qau>Edw. Hall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To bring down or reduce from a higher to a lower state, number, or degree; to lessen; to diminish; to contract; to moderate; to cut short; <as>as, to <ex>abate</ex> a demand; to <ex>abate</ex> pride, zeal, hope.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His eye was not dim, nor his natural force <qex>abated</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Deut. xxxiv. 7.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To deduct; to omit; <as>as, to <ex>abate</ex> something from a price</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Nine thousand parishes, <qex>abating</qex> the odd hundreds.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To blunt.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To <qex>abate</qex> the edge of envy.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To reduce in estimation; to deprive.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>She hath <qex>abated</qex> me of half my train.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>To bring entirely down or put an end to; to do away with; <as>as, to <ex>abate</ex> a nuisance, to <ex>abate</ex> a writ</as>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Eng. Law)</fld> <def>To diminish; to reduce. Legacies are liable to be <xex>abated</xex> entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of assets.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To abate a tax</b></col>, <cd>to remit it either wholly or in part.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bate"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;t")</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Abate</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To decrease, or become less in strength or violence; <as>as, pain <ex>abates</ex>, a storm <ex>abates</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The fury of Glengarry . . . rapidly <qex>abated</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To be defeated, or come to naught; to fall through; to fail; <as>as, a writ <ex>abates</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>To abate into a freehold</b></col>, <col><b>To abate in lands</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>to enter into a freehold after the death of the last possessor, and before the heir takes possession. See <er>Abatement</er>, 4.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To subside; decrease; intermit; decline; diminish; lessen.</syn> <usage> -- To <er>Abate</er>, <er>Subside</er>. These words, as here compared, imply a coming down from some previously raised or excited state. <xex>Abate</xex> expresses this in respect to degrees, and implies a diminution of force or of intensity; as, the storm <xex>abates</xex>, the cold <xex>abates</xex>, the force of the wind <xex>abates</xex>; or, the wind <xex>abates</xex>, a fever <xex>abates</xex>. <xex>Subside</xex> (to settle down) has reference to a previous state of agitation or commotion; as, the waves <xex>subside</xex> after a storm, the wind <xex>subsides</xex> into a calm. When the words are used figuratively, the same distinction should be observed. If we conceive of a thing as having different degrees of intensity or strength, the word to be used is <xex>abate</xex>. Thus we say, a man's anger <xex>abates</xex>, the ardor of one's love <xex>abates</xex>, &ldquo;Winter's rage <xex>abates</xex>&rdquo;. But if the image be that of a sinking down into quiet from preceding excitement or commotion, the word to be used is <xex>subside</xex>; as, the tumult of the people <xex>subsides</xex>, the public mind <xex>subsided</xex> into a calm. The same is the case with those emotions which are tumultuous in their nature; as, his passion <xex>subsides</xex>, his joy quickly <xex>subsided</xex>, his grief <xex>subsided</xex> into a pleasing melancholy. Yet if, in such cases, we were thinking of the degree of violence of the emotion, we might use <xex>abate</xex>; as, his joy will <xex>abate</xex> in the progress of time; and so in other instances.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bate</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;t")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Abatement.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bate"ment</hw> <pr>(-m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>abatement</ets>, F. <ets>abattement</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; removal or putting an end to; <as>as, the <ex>abatement</ex> of a nuisance is the suppression thereof</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The entry of a stranger, without right, into a freehold after the death of the last possessor, before the heir or devisee.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Defense in abatement</b></col>, <col><b>Plea in abatement</b></col></mcol>, <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>plea to the effect that from some formal defect (e.g. misnomer, lack of jurisdiction) the proceedings should be abated.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bat"er</hw> <pr>(-&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, abates.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ab"a*tis</hw>, <hw>Aba"t*tis</hw>, }</mhw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*t&ibreve_;s; <it>French</it> &adot_;`b&adot_;`t&emacr;")</pr> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>abatis</ets>, <ets>abattis</ets>, mass of things beaten or cut down, fr. <ets>abattre</ets>. See <er>Abate</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A means of defense formed by felled trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*tised</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"&adot_;*t&ibreve_;st)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Provided with an abatis.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*ba"tor</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;t"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>One who abates a nuisance.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A person who, without right, enters into a freehold on the death of the last possessor, before the heir or devisee.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A`bat`toir"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;`b&adot_;t`tw&auml;r")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abattoirs</plw> <pr>(-tw&auml;rz")</pr>.</plu> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>abattre</ets> to beat down. See <er>Abate</er>.]</ety> <def>A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*ture</hw> <pr>(&adot_;b"&adot_;*t&uuptack_;r; 135)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>abatture</ets>, fr. <ets>abattre</ets>. See <er>Abate</er>.]</ety> <def>Grass and sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passing through them.</def>  <rj><au>Crabb.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A`bat`voix"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;`b&adot_;`vw&auml;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>abattre</ets> to beat down + <ets>voix</ets> voice.]</ety> <def>The sounding-board over a pulpit or rostrum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*awed"</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&asuml_;d")</pr>, <pos>p. p.</pos> <ety>[Perh. p. p. of a verb fr. OF. <ets>abaubir</ets> to frighten, disconcert, fr. L. <ets>ad</ets> + <ets>balbus</ets> stammering.]</ety> <def>Astonished; abashed.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ab*ax"i*al</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&abreve;ks"&ibreve_;*&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <hw>Ab*ax"ile</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*&abreve;ks"&ibreve_;l)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>axis</ets> axle.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Away from the axis or central line; eccentric.</def>  <rj><au>Balfour.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bay"</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&amacr;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>abay</ets> barking.]</ety> <def>Barking; baying of dogs upon their prey. See <er>Bay</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Abb</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>&amacr;web</ets>, <ets>&amacr;b</ets>; pref. <ets>a-</ets> + <ets>web</ets>. See <er>Web</er>.]</ety> <def>Among weavers, yarn for the warp. <as>Hence, <er><it>abb wool</it></er> is wool for the <ex>abb</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"ba</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"b&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Syriac <ets>abb&amacr;</ets> father. See <er>Abbot</er>.]</ety> <def>Father; religious superior; -- in the Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic churches, a title given to the bishops, and by the bishops to the patriarch.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"ba*cy</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"b&adot_;*s&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abbacies</plw> <pr>(-s&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>abbatia</ets>, fr. <ets>abbas</ets>, <ets>abbatis</ets>, abbot. See <er>Abbey</er>.]</ety> <def>The dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ba"tial</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*b&amacr;"sh&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>abbatialis</ets> : cf. F. <ets>abbatial</ets>.]</ety> <def>Belonging to an abbey; <as>as, <ex>abbatial</ex> rights</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bat"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b*b&abreve;t"&ibreve_;*k&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Abbatial.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab"b&eacute;`</hw> <pr>(&adot_;b"b&auptack_;`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>abb&eacute;</ets>. See <er>Abbot</er>.]</ety> <def>The French word answering to the English <xex>abbot</xex>, the head of an abbey; but commonly a title of respect given in France to every one vested with the ecclesiastical habit or dress.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; After the 16th century, the name was given, in social parlance, to candidates for some priory or abbey in the gift of the crown. Many of these aspirants became well known in literary and fashionable life. By further extension, the name came to be applied to unbeneficed secular ecclesiastics generally.</note>  <rj><au>Littr&eacute;.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"bess</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"b&ebreve_;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>abaesse</ets>, <ets>abeesse</ets>, F. <ets>abbesse</ets>, L. <ets>abbatissa</ets>, fem. of <ets>abbas</ets>, <ets>abbatis</ets>, abbot. See <er>Abbot</er>.]</ety> <def>A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. See <er>Abbey</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"bey</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"b&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abbeys</plw> <pr>(-b&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[OF. <ets>aba&iuml;e</ets>, <ets>abba&iuml;e</ets>, F. <ets>abbaye</ets>, L. <ets>abbatia</ets>, fr. <ets>abbas</ets> abbot. See <er>Abbot</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A monastery or society of persons of either sex, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy; also, the monastic building or buildings.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The men are called <member>monks</member>, and governed by an abbot; the women are called <member>nuns</member>, and governed by an abbess.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The church of a monastery.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>In London, <xex>the Abbey</xex> means Westminster Abbey, and in Scotland, the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood. The name is also retained for a private residence on the site of an abbey; as, Newstead <ex>Abbey</ex>, the residence of Lord Byron.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Monastery; convent; nunnery; priory; cloister. See <er>Cloister</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 3 --></p>

<p><hw>Ab"bot</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>abbod</ets>, <ets>abbad</ets>, L. <ets>abbas</ets>, <ets>abbatis</ets>, Gr. <grk>'abba^s</grk>, fr. Syriac <ets>abb&amacr;</ets> father. Cf. <er>Abba</er>, <er>Abb&Eacute;</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The superior or head of an abbey.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One of a class of bishops whose sees were formerly abbeys.</def>  <rj><au>Encyc. Brit.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Abbot of the people</b></col>. <cd>a title formerly given to one of the chief magistrates in Genoa.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Abbot of Misrule</b></col> (or <col><b>Lord of Misrule</b></col>)</mcol>, <cd>in medi&aelig;val times, the master of revels, as at Christmas; in Scotland called the <er>Abbot of Unreason</er>.</cd>  <rj><au>Encyc. Brit.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"bot*ship</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Abbot</ets> + <ets>-ship</ets>.]</ety> <def>The state or office of an abbot.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abbreviated</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abbreviating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>abbreviatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abbreviare</ets>; <ets>ad</ets> + <ets>breviare</ets> to shorten, fr. <ets>brevis</ets> short. See <er>Abridge</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To make briefer; to shorten; to abridge; to reduce by contraction or omission, especially of words written or spoken.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It is one thing to <qex>abbreviate</qex> by contracting, another by cutting off.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abbreviatus</ets>, p. p.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Abbreviated; abridged; shortened.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;The <xex>abbreviate</xex> form.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Earle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Having one part relatively shorter than another or than the ordinary type.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An abridgment.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Elyot.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a`ted</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Shortened; relatively short; abbreviate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre`vi*a"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>abbreviatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>abbr&eacute;viation</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of shortening, or reducing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The result of abbreviating; an abridgment.</def>  <rj><au>Tylor.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by contraction and omission; a letter or letters, standing for a word or phrase of which they are a part; as, <xex>Gen.</xex> for <xex>Genesis</xex>; <xex>U.S.A.</xex> for <xex>United States of America</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, or demi-semiquavers.</def>  <rj><au>Moore.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a`tor</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL.: cf. F. <ets>abbr&eacute;viateur</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who abbreviates or shortens.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One of a college of seventy-two officers of the papal court whose duty is to make a short minute of a decision on a petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute into official form.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a*to*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Serving or tending to abbreviate; shortening; abridging.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a*ture</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An abbreviation; an abbreviated state or form.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An abridgment; a compendium or abstract.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This is an excellent <qex>abbreviature</qex> of the whole duty of a Christian.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Abb" wool</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b" w&oobreve_;l)</pr>. <def>See <er>Abb</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A B C"</hw> <pr>(&amacr; b&emacr; s&emacr;")</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>The first three letters of the alphabet, used for the whole alphabet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A primer for teaching the alphabet and first elements of reading.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The simplest rudiments of any subject; <as>as, the <ex>A B C</ex> of finance</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>A B C book</b></col>, <cd>a primer.</cd>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab"dal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ar. <ets>bad&imacr;l</ets>, pl. <ets>abd&amacr;l</ets>, a substitute, a good, religious man, saint, fr. <ets>badala</ets> to change, substitute.]</ety> <def>A religious devotee or dervish in Persia.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*de"ri*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[From <ets>Abdera</ets>, a town in Thrace, of which place Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher, was a native.]</ety> <def>Given to laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant merriment.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*de"rite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Abderita</ets>, <ets>Abderites</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>'Abdhri`ths</grk>.]</ety> <def>An inhabitant of Abdera, in Thrace.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>The Abderite</b></col>, <cd>Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"dest</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Per. <ets>&amacr;bdast</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> water + <ets>dast</ets> hand.]</ety> <def>Purification by washing the hands before prayer; -- a Mohammedan rite.</def>  <rj><au>Heyse.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being abdicated.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cant</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abdicans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>abdicare</ets>.]</ety> <def>Abdicating; renouncing; -- followed by <xex>of</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Monks <qex>abdicant</qex> of their orders.</q> <rj><qau>Whitlock.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cant</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who abdicates.</def>  <rj><au>Smart.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abdicated</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abdicating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>abdicatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abdicare</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>dicare</ets> to proclaim, akin to <ets>dicere</ets> to say. See <er>Diction</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To surrender or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; <as>as, to <ex>abdicate</ex> the throne, the crown, the papacy</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The word <xex>abdicate</xex> was held to mean, in the case of James II., to abandon without a formal surrender.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The cross-bearers <qex>abdicated</qex> their service.</q> <rj><qau>Gibbon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To renounce; to relinquish; -- said of authority, a trust, duty, right, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He <qex>abdicates</qex> all right to be his own governor.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The understanding <qex>abdicates</qex> its functions.</q> <rj><qau>Froude.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To reject; to cast off.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Civil Law)</fld> <def>To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To give up; quit; vacate; relinquish; forsake; abandon; resign; renounce; desert.</syn> <usage> -- To <er>Abdicate</er>, <er>Resign</er>. <xex>Abdicate</xex> commonly expresses the act of a monarch in voluntary and formally yielding up sovereign authority; <as>as, to <ex>abdicate</ex> the government</as>. <xex>Resign</xex> is applied to the act of any person, high or low, who gives back an office or trust into the hands of him who conferred it. Thus, a minister <xex>resigns</xex>, a military officer <xex>resigns</xex>, a clerk <xex>resigns</xex>. The expression, &ldquo;The king <xex>resigned</xex> his crown,&rdquo; sometimes occurs in our later literature, implying that he held it from his people. -- There are other senses of <xex>resign</xex> which are not here brought into view.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Though a king may <qex>abdicate</qex> for his own person, he cannot <qex>abdicate</qex> for the monarchy.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`di*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abdicatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>abdication</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder; commonly the voluntary renunciation of sovereign power; <as>as, <ex>abdication</ex> of the throne, government, power, authority</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca*tive</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abdicativus</ets>.]</ety> <def>Causing, or implying, abdication.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bailey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca`tor</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who abdicates.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*tive</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abditivus</ets>, fr. <ets>abdere</ets> to hide.]</ety> <def>Having the quality of hiding.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bailey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*to*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abditorium</ets>.]</ety> <def>A place for hiding or preserving articles of value.</def>  <rj><au>Cowell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*do"men</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abdomen</ets> (a word of uncertain etymol.): cf. F. <ets>abdomen</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis. Also, the cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the stomach, bowels, and other viscera. In man, often restricted to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>abdominal</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the abdomen; ventral; <as>as, the <ex>abdominal</ex> regions, muscles, cavity</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Having abdominal fins; belonging to the Abdominales; <as>as, <ex>abdominal</ex> fishes</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Abdominal ring</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>a fancied ringlike opening on each side of the abdomen, external and superior to the <xex>pubes</xex>; -- called also <altname>inguinal ring</altname>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nal</hw>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>E. pl. <plw>Abdominals</plw>, L. pl. <plw>Abdominales</plw>.</plu> <def>A fish of the group Abdominales.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab*dom`i*na"les</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., masc. pl.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A group including the greater part of fresh-water fishes, and many marine ones, having the ventral fins under the abdomen behind the pectorals.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab*dom`i*na"li*a</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., neut. pl.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A group of cirripeds having abdominal appendages.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom`i*nos"co*py</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abdomen</ets> + Gr. &unr_; to examine.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Examination of the abdomen to detect abdominal disease.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom`i*no*tho*rac"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Relating to the abdomen and the thorax, or chest.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having a protuberant belly; pot-bellied.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Gorgonius sits, <qex>abdominous</qex> and wan,<br/>
Like a fat squab upon a Chinese fan.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abdominousness</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fr>1</fr>  <def>distension of the stomach area due to overweight.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> paunchiness</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*duce"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abduced</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abducing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>abducere</ets> to lead away; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>ducere</ets> to lead. See <er>Duke</er>, and cf. <er>Abduct</er>.]</ety> <def>To draw or conduct away; to withdraw; to draw to a different part.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>If we <qex>abduce</qex> the eye unto either corner, the object will not duplicate.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abducens</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a small motor nerve supplying the lateral rectus muscle of the eye.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> abducent, abducent nerve, nervus abducens, sixth cranial nerve</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abducent</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fr>1</fr>  <def>a small motor nerve supplying the lateral rectus muscle of the eye.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> abducent nerve, abducens, nervus abducens, sixth cranial nerve</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abducent</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fr>1</fr>  <fld>(physiol)</fld> <def>drawing away from the midline of the body or from an adjacent part; -- especially of muscles</def> <ant>adducent</ant><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> abducting</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*duct"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abducted</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abducting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>abductus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abducere</ets>. See <er>Abduce</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To take away surreptitiously by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually by violence; to kidnap.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To draw away, as a limb or other part, from its ordinary position.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>abducting</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>drawing away from the midline of the body or from an adjacent part; -- used especially of muscles</def> <ant>adducent</ant><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> abducent </syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*duc"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abductio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>abduction</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; a carrying away.</def>  <rj><au>Roget.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>The movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The wrongful, and usually the forcible, carrying off of a human being; <as>as, the <ex>abduction</ex> of a child, the <ex>abduction</ex> of an heiress</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Logic)</fld> <def>A syllogism or form of argument in which the major is evident, but the minor is only probable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*duc"tor</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who abducts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or form the median line of the body; <as>as, the <ex>abductor oculi</ex>, which draws the eye outward</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*beam"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>a-</ets> + <ets>beam</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>On the beam, that is, on a line which forms a right angle with the ship's keel; opposite to the center of the ship's side.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bear"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>&amacr;beran</ets>; pref. <ets>&amacr;-</ets> + <ets>beran</ets> to bear.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To bear; to behave.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>So did the faery knight himself <qex>abear</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To put up with; to endure.</def> <mark>[Prov.]</mark>  <rj><au>Dickens.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bear"ance</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Behavior.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bear"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Behavior.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir. T. More.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A`be*ce*da"ri*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abecedarius</ets>. A word from the first four letters of the alphabet.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who is learning the alphabet; hence, a tyro.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One engaged in teaching the alphabet.</def>  <rj><au>Wood.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>A`be*ce*da"ri*an</hw>, <hw>A`be*ce"da*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to, or formed by, the letters of the alphabet; alphabetic; hence, rudimentary.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Abecedarian psalms</b></col>, <col><b>hymns</b></col></mcol>, <cd>etc., compositions in which (like the 119th psalm in Hebrew) distinct portions or verses commence with successive letters of the alphabet.</cd>  <rj><au>Hook.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A`be*ce"da*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A primer; the first principle or rudiment of anything.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bed"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>a-</ets> in, on + <ets>bed</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In bed, or on the bed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Not to be <qex>abed</qex> after midnight.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To childbed (in the phrase &ldquo;<xex>brought abed</xex>,&rdquo; that is, delivered of a child).</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*beg"ge</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>Same as <er>Aby</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bele"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>abeel</ets> (<ets>abeel-boom</ets>), OF. <ets>abel</ets>, <ets>aubel</ets>, fr. a dim. of L. <ets>albus</ets> white.]</ety> <def>The white poplar (<spn>Populus alba</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Six <qex>abeles</qex> i' the churchyard grow.</q> <rj><qau>Mrs. Browning.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>A*bel"i*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>A"bel*ite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>A`bel*o"ni*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Eccl. Hist.)</fld> <def>One of a sect in Africa (4th century), mentioned by St. Augustine, who states that they married, but lived in continence, after the manner, as they pretended, of Abel.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Abelmoschus</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fr>1</fr>  <def>genus of tropical coarse herbs having large lobed leaves and often yellow flowers.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Abelmoschus</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A"bel*mosk`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. <ets>abelmoschus</ets>, fr. Ar. <ets>abu-l-misk</ets> father of musk, <it>i. e.</it>, producing musk. See <er>Musk</er>. (or Ar. <ets>&hsdot_;abb-al-mosk</ets>, musk seed <au>RHUD 1.3</au>]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>An evergreen shrub (<spn>Abelmoschus moschatus</spn> -- formerly <gen>Hibiscus moschatus</gen>), of the East and West Indies and Northern Africa, whose musky seeds are used in perfumery and to flavor coffee; -- sometimes called <altname>musk mallow</altname>.  The seeds produce <prod>ambrette-seed oil</prod>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`er-de-vine"</hw> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The European siskin (<spn>Carduelis spinus</spn>), a small green and yellow finch, related to the goldfinch.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*err"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>aberrare</ets>. See <er>Aberrate</er>.]</ety> <def>To wander; to stray.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ab*er"rance</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Ab*er"ran*cy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the state or condition of being aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from truth, rectitude, etc.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> aberrance, aberration, deviance</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Aberrancy of curvature</b></col> <fld>(Geom.)</fld>, <cd>the deviation of a curve from a circular form.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>aberrancy</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an aberrant state or condition.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*er"rant</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>aberrans</ets>, <ets>-rantis</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>aberrare</ets>. See <er>Aberr</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Wandering; straying from the right way.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The more <qex>aberrant</qex> any form is, the greater must have been the number of connecting forms which, on my theory, have been exterminated.</q> <rj><qau>Darwin.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"er*rate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>aberratus</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>aberrare</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>errare</ets> to wander. See <er>Err</er>.]</ety> <def>To go astray; to diverge.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Their own defective and <qex>aberrating</qex> vision.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`er*ra"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>aberratio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>aberration</ets>. See <er>Aberrate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of wandering; deviation, especially from truth or moral rectitude, from the natural state, or from a type.</def>   &ldquo;The <xex>aberration</xex> of youth.&rdquo; <au>Hall.</au> &ldquo;<xex>Aberrations</xex> from theory.&rdquo; <au>Burke.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A partial alienation of reason.</def>  &ldquo;Occasional <xex>aberrations</xex> of intellect.&rdquo; <au>Lingard.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Whims, which at first are the <qex>aberrations</qex> of a single brain, pass with heat into epidemic form.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <def>A small periodical change of position in the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer; called <altname>annual aberration</altname>, when the observer's motion is that of the earth in its orbit, and <xex>daily</xex> or <altname>diurnal aberration</altname>, when of the earth on its axis; amounting when greatest, in the former case, to 20.4'', and in the latter, to 0.3''. <stype>Planetary aberration</stype> is that due to the motion of light and the motion of the planet relative to the earth.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Opt.)</fld> <def>The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; called <stype>spherical aberration</stype>, when due to the spherical form of the lens or mirror, such form giving different foci for central and marginal rays; and <stype>chromatic aberration</stype>, when due to different refrangibilities of the colored rays of the spectrum, those of each color having a distinct focus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>The passage of blood or other fluid into parts not appropriate for it.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The producing of an unintended effect by the glancing of an instrument, as when a shot intended for A glances and strikes B.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation; mania; dementia; hallucination; illusion; delusion. See <er>Insanity</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`er*ra"tion*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Characterized by aberration.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*run"cate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>aberuncare</ets>, for <ets>aberruncare</ets>. See <er>Averruncate</er>.]</ety> <def>To weed out.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bailey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*run"ca*tor</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A weeding machine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bet"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abetted</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abetting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OF. <ets>abeter</ets>; <ets>a</ets> (L. <ets>ad</ets>) + <ets>beter</ets> to bait (as a bear), fr. Icel. <ets>beita</ets> to set dogs on, to feed, originally, to cause to bite, fr. Icel. <ets>b&imacr;ta</ets> to bite, hence to bait, to incite. See <er>Bait</er>, <er>Bet</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To instigate or encourage by aid or countenance; -- used in a bad sense of persons and acts; <as>as, to <ex>abet</ex> an ill-doer; to <ex>abet</ex> one in his wicked courses; to <ex>abet</ex> vice; to <ex>abet</ex> an insurrection.</as></def> &ldquo;The whole tribe <xex>abets</xex> the villany.&rdquo;  <rj><au>South.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Would not the fool <qex>abet</qex> the stealth,<br/>
Who rashly thus exposed his wealth?</q> <rj><qau>Gay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To support, uphold, or aid; to maintain; -- in a good sense.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>.</p>

<p><q>Our duty is urged, and our confidence <qex>abetted</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>To contribute, as an assistant or instigator, to the commission of an offense.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To incite; instigate; set on; egg on; foment; advocate; countenance; encourage; second; uphold; aid; assist; support; sustain; back; connive at.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bet"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>abet</ets>, fr. <ets>abeter</ets>.]</ety> <def>Act of abetting; aid.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bet"ment</hw> <pr>(-m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of abetting; <as>as, an <ex>abetment</ex> of treason, crime, etc.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bet"tal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Abetment.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 4 --></p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>A*bet"ter</hw>, <hw>A*bet*tor</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who abets; an instigator of an offense or an offender.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The form <xex>abettor</xex> is the legal term and also in general use.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- <er>Abettor</er>, <er>Accessory</er>, <er>Accomplice</er>.</syn> <usage> These words denote different degrees of complicity in some deed or crime. An <xex>abettor</xex> is one who incites or encourages to the act, without sharing in its performance. An <xex>accessory</xex> supposes a principal offender. One who is neither the chief actor in an offense, nor present at its performance, but <xex>accedes</xex> to or becomes involved in its guilt, either by some previous or subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging, aiding, or concealing, etc., is an <xex>accessory</xex>.  An <xex>accomplice</xex> is one who participates in the commission of an offense, whether as principal or accessory. Thus in treason, there are no <xex>abettors</xex> or <xex>accessories</xex>, but all are held to be principals or <xex>accomplices</xex>.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*vac"u*a"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>ab-</ets> + <ets>evacuation</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A partial evacuation.</def>  <rj><au>Mayne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bey"ance</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>abeance</ets> expectation, longing; <ets>a</ets> (L. <ets>ad</ets>) + <ets>baer</ets>, <ets>beer</ets>, to gape, to look with open mouth, to expect, F. <ets>bayer</ets>, LL. <ets>badare</ets> to gape.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Expectancy; condition of being undetermined.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; When there is no person in existence in whom an inheritance (or a dignity) can vest, it is said to be in <xex>abeyance</xex>, that is, in expectation; the law considering it as always potentially existing, and ready to vest whenever a proper owner appears.</note>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Suspension; temporary suppression.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Keeping the sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant state, or state of <qex>abeyance</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bey"an*cy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Abeyance.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Hawthorne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bey"ant</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Being in a state of abeyance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab"ge*ord`ne*ten*haus`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <ety>[G.]</ety> <def>See <er>Legislature</er>, <xex>Austria</xex>, <xex>Prussia</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ab"hal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The berries of a species of cypress in the East Indies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hom"i*na*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Abominable.</def> <note>[A false orthography anciently used; <xex>h</xex> was foisted into various words; hence <xex>abholish</xex>, for <xex>abolish</xex>, etc.]</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This is <qex>abhominable</qex>, which he [Don Armado] would call <qex>abominable</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hom`i*nal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ab</ets> away from + <ets>homo</ets>, <ets>hominis</ets>, man.]</ety> <def>Inhuman.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abhorred</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abhorring</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>abhorrere</ets>; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>horrere</ets> to bristle, shiver, shudder: cf. F. <ets>abhorrer</ets>. See <er>Horrid</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To shrink back with shuddering from; to regard with horror or detestation; to feel excessive repugnance toward; to detest to extremity; to loathe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Abhor</qex> that which is evil; cleave to that which is good.</q> <rj><qau>Rom. xii. 9.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To fill with horror or disgust.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It doth <qex>abhor</qex> me now I speak the word.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Canon Law)</fld> <def>To protest against; to reject solemnly.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I utterly <qex>abhor</qex>, yea, from my soul<br/>
Refuse you for my judge.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See <er>Hate</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To shrink back with horror, disgust, or dislike; to be contrary or averse; -- with</def> <xex>from</xex>. <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;To <xex>abhor</xex> from those vices.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Udall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Which is utterly <qex>abhorring</qex> from the end of all law.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rence</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Extreme hatred or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ren*cy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Abhorrence.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Locke.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rent</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abhorens</ets>, <ets>-rentis</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>abhorrere</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Abhorring; detesting; having or showing abhorrence; loathing; hence, strongly opposed to; <as>as, <ex>abhorrent</ex> thoughts</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The persons most <qex>abhorrent</qex> from blood and treason.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The arts of pleasure in despotic courts<br/>
I spurn <qex>abhorrent</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Clover.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent; -- followed by <xex>to</xex>.</def> &ldquo;Injudicious profanation, so <xex>abhorrent</xex> to our stricter principles.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Gibbon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Detestable.</def> &ldquo;Pride, <xex>abhorrent</xex> as it is.&rdquo;  <rj><au>I. Taylor.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rent*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>With abhorrence.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rer</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who abhors.</def>  <rj><au>Hume.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ri*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Detestable.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ring</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Detestation.</def>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Object of abhorrence.</def>  <rj><au>Isa. lxvi. 24.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>A"bib</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Heb. <ets>ab&imacr;b</ets>, lit. an ear of corn. The month was so called from barley being at that time in ear.]</ety> <def>The first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding nearly to our April. After the Babylonish captivity this month was called <altname>Nisan</altname>.</def>  <rj><au>Kitto.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bid"ance</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of abiding; abode; continuance; compliance (<xex>with</xex>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Christians had no longer <qex>abidance</qex> in the holy hill of Palestine.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A judicious <qex>abidance</qex> by rules.</q> <rj><qau>Helps.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bide"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Abode</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, formerly <conjf>Abid</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Abiding</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[AS. <ets>&amacr;b&imacr;dan</ets>; pref. <ets>&amacr;-</ets> (cf. Goth. <ets>us-</ets>, G. <ets>er-</ets>, orig. meaning <ets>out</ets>) + <ets>b&imacr;dan</ets> to bide. See <er>Bide</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To wait; to pause; to delay.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's abode; to dwell; to sojourn; -- with <xex>with</xex> before a person, and commonly with <xex>at</xex> or <xex>in</xex> before a place.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let the damsel abide with us a few days.</q> <rj><qau>Gen. xxiv. 55.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to continue; to remain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let every man <qex>abide</qex> in the same calling.</q> <rj><qau>1 Cor. vii. 20.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs>Followed by <it>by</it>: <col><b>To abide by</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>To stand to; to adhere; to maintain.</cd><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
<q>The poor fellow was obstinate enough <qex>to abide by</qex> what he said at first.</q> <rj><qau>Fielding.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
<sd>(b)</sd> <cd>To acquiesce; to conform to; <as>as, <ex>to abide by</ex> a decision or an award</as>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>A*bide"</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To wait for; to be prepared for; to await; to watch for; <as>as, I <ex>abide</ex> my time</as>.</def> &ldquo;I will <xex>abide</xex> the coming of my lord.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Tennyson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>[[Obs.], with a <xex>personal</xex> object.</note><br/>
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<p><q>Bonds and afflictions <qex>abide</qex> me.</q> <rj><qau>Acts xx. 23.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To endure; to sustain; to submit to.</def><br/>
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<p><q>[Thou] shalt <qex>abide</qex> her judgment on it.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with.</def><br/>
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<p><q>She could not <qex>abide</qex> Master Shallow.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <note>[Confused with <xex>aby</xex> to pay for. See <er>Aby</er>.]</note> <def>To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Dearly I <qex>abide</qex> that boast so vain.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bid"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who abides, or continues.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Speedy goers and strong <xex>abiders</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sidney.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One who dwells; a resident.</def>  <rj><au>Speed.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bid"ing</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Continuing; lasting.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bid"ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Permanently.</def>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>A"bi*es</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., fir tree.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of coniferous trees, properly called Fir, as the balsam fir and the silver fir. The spruces are sometimes also referred to this genus.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab"i*e*tene</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abies</ets>, <ets>abietis</ets>, a fir tree.]</ety> <def>A volatile oil distilled from the resin or balsam of the nut pine (<spn>Pinus sabiniana</spn>) of California.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*et"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its products; <as>as, <ex>abietic</ex> acid, called also <ex>sylvic</ex> acid</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Watts.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ab"i*e*tin</hw>, <hw>Ab"i*e*tine</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Abietene</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A resinous obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam. It is without taste or smell, is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol (especially at the boiling point), in strong acetic acid, and in ether.</def>  <rj><au>Watts.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*e*tin"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to abietin; <as>as, <ex>abietinic</ex> acid</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab"i*e*tite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A substance resembling mannite, found in the needles of the common silver fir of Europe (<spn>Abies pectinata</spn>).</def>  <rj><au>Eng. Cyc.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>ab"i*gail</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[The proper name used as an appellative.]</ety> <def>A lady's waiting-maid.</def>  <rj><au>Pepys.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Her <qex>abigail</qex> reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set of night curls for sleeping in.</q> <rj><qau>Leslie.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bil"i*ment</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&ibreve_;l"&ibreve_;*m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Habiliment.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&ibreve_;l"&ibreve_;*t&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Abilities</plw> <pr>(&adot_;*b&ibreve_;l"&ibreve_;*t&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[F. <ets>habilet&eacute;</ets>, earlier spelling <ets>habilit&eacute;</ets> (with silent <it>h</it>), L. <ets>habilitas</ets> aptitude, ability, fr. <ets>habilis</ets> apt. See <er>Able</er>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being able; power to perform, whether physical, moral, intellectual, conventional, or legal; capacity; skill or competence in doing; sufficiency of strength, skill, resources, etc.; -- in the <xex>plural</xex>, faculty, talent.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Then the disciples, every man according to his <qex>ability</qex>, determined to send relief unto the brethren.</q> <rj><qau>Acts xi. 29.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Natural <qex>abilities</qex> are like natural plants, that need pruning by study.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of <qex>ability</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability; efficiency; aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill.</syn> <usage> <er>Ability</er>, <er>Capacity</er>.  These words come into comparison when applied to the higher intellectual powers.  <xex>Ability</xex> has reference to the <xex>active</xex> exercise of our faculties.  It implies not only native vigor of mind, but that ease and promptitude of execution which arise from mental training.  Thus, we speak of the <xex>ability</xex> with which a book is written, an argument maintained, a negotiation carried on, etc.  It always something to be <xex>done</xex>, and the power of <xex>doing</xex> it.  <xex>Capacity</xex> has reference to the <xex>receptive</xex> powers.  In its higher exercises it supposes great quickness of apprehension and breadth of intellect, with an uncommon aptitude for acquiring and retaining knowledge.  Hence it carries with it the idea of <xex>resources</xex> and undeveloped power.  Thus we speak of the extraordinary <xex>capacity</xex> of such men as Lord Bacon, Blaise Pascal, and Edmund Burke.  &ldquo;<xex>Capacity</xex>,&rdquo; says H. Taylor, &ldquo;is requisite to devise, and <xex>ability</xex> to execute, a great enterprise.&rdquo;  The word <xex>abilities</xex>, in the plural, embraces both these qualities, and denotes high mental endowments.</usage><br/>
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<p><mhw><hw>A*bime"</hw> or <hw>A*byme"</hw></mhw> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>ab&icirc;me</ets>. See <er>Abysm</er>.]</ety> <def>A abyss.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*o*gen"e*sis</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>bi`os</grk> life + <grk>ge`nesis</grk>, origin, birth.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>The supposed origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents; spontaneous generation; -- called also <altname>abiogeny</altname>, and opposed to <contr>biogenesis</contr>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>I shall call the . . . doctrine that living matter may be produced by not living matter, the hypothesis of <qex>abiogenesis</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Huxley, 1870.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to abiogenesis.</def> <wordforms><wf>Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*nist</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>One who believes that life can be produced independently of antecedent.</def>  <rj><au>Huxley.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*nous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Produced by spontaneous generation.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*ny</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Abiogenesis</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + E. <ets>biological</ets>.]</ety> <def>Pertaining to the study of inanimate things.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*tant</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A medicine that diminishes irritation.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*tate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Pref. <ets>ab-</ets> + <ets>irritate</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>To diminish the sensibility of; to debilitate.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab*ir`ri*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A pathological condition opposite to that of irritation; debility; lack of strength; asthenia.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*ta*tive</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Characterized by abirritation or debility.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>A*bit"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>,<def>3d sing. pres. of <er>Abide</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>ab"ject</hw> <pr>(&abreve;b"j&ebreve_;kt)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>abjectus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abjicere</ets> to throw away; <ets>ab</ets> + <ets>jacere</ets> to throw. See <er>Jet</er> a shooting forth.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Cast down; low-lying.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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