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<!-- Begin file 2 of 26:  Letter B (Version 0.46) 
        
           This file is part 2 of the GNU version of
     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
               Also referred to as GCIDE
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           This dictionary was derived from the
         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
                 Version published 1913
               by the  C. &amp; G. Merriam Co.
                   Springfield, Mass.
                 Under the direction of
                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

                        and from
           WordNet, a semantic network created by
              the Cognitive Science Department
                 of Princeton University
                  under the direction of
                   Prof. George Miller

             and is being updated and supplemented by
         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
                       around the world.

     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 
ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic
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time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation
of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the
internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
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     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org
     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252
     Plainfield, NJ 07062
     (908) 561-3416

   Last edit April 9, 2002.

 -->


<p><!-- p. 109 pr=SA --></p>

<p><centered><point26>B.</point26></centered></p>

<p><hw>B</hw> <pr>(b&emacr;)</pr> <def>is the second letter of the English alphabet. (See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, &sect;&sect; 196, 220.) It is etymologically related to <it>p</it>, <it>v</it>, <it>f</it>, <it>w</it>, and <it>m</it>, letters representing sounds having a close organic affinity to its own sound; as in Eng. <xex>b</xex>ursar and <xex>p</xex>urser; Eng. <xex>b</xex>ear and Lat. <xex>f</xex>erre; Eng. sil<xex>v</xex>er and Ger. sil<xex>b</xex>er; Lat. cu<xex>b</xex>itum and It. go<xex>m</xex>ito; Eng. se<xex>v</xex>en, Anglo-Saxon seo<xex>f</xex>on, Ger. sie<xex>b</xex>en, Lat. se<xex>p</xex>tem, Gr.<grk>"epta`</grk>, Sanskrit sa<xex>p</xex>tan.  The form of letter B is Roman, from the Greek B (<xex>Beta</xex>), of Semitic origin. The small b was formed by gradual change from the capital B.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>In <fld>(Music)</fld>, B is the nominal of the seventh tone in the model major scale (the scale of C major), or of the second tone in it's relative minor scale (that of A minor).  B&flat; stands for B flat, the tone a half step, or semitone, lower than B.  In German, B stands for our B&flat;, while our B natural is called H (pronounced h&auml;).</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>B-52</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A large long-range bomber airplane of the U. S. military aircraft fleet; <it>B-</it> stands for bomber.  It has the capability of delivering nuclear weapons.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba</hw> <pr>(b&auml;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Cf. OF.  <ets>baer</ets> to open the mouth, F. <ets>bayer</ets>.]</ety> <def>To kiss.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baa</hw> <pr>(b&auml;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Cf. G. <ets>b&auml;en</ets>; an imitative word.]</ety> <def>To cry baa, or bleat as a sheep.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He treble <qex>baas</qex> for help, but none can get.</q> <rj><qau>Sir P. Sidney.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baa</hw> <pr>(b&auml;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Baas</plw> <pr>(b&auml;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[Cf. G.  <ets>b&auml;</ets>.]</ety> <def>The cry or bleating of a sheep; a bleat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baa"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The bleating of a sheep.</def>  <rj><au>Marryat.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"al</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>Heb. pl.  <plw>Baalim</plw> <pr>(-&ibreve_;m)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[Heb. <ets>ba'al</ets> lord.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Myth.)</fld> <def>The supreme male divinity of the Phoenician and Canaanitish nations.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The name of this god occurs in the Old Testament and elsewhere with qualifying epithets subjoined, answering to the different ideas of his character; as, <xex>Baal</xex>-berith (the Covenant Baal), <xex>Baal</xex>-zebub (Baal of the fly).</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>The whole class of divinities to whom the name Baal was applied.</def>  <rj><au>Judges x. 6.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"al*ism</hw> <pr>(-&ibreve_;z'm)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Worship of Baal; idolatry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba"al*ist</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Ba"al*ite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A worshiper of Baal; a devotee of any false religion; an idolater.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Per.]</ety> <def>Lit., gate; -- a title given to the founder of Babism, and taken from that of <etsep>Bab-ud-Din</etsep>, assumed by him.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba"ba</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A kind of plum cake.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>babassu</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a tall feather palm of northern Brazil (<spn>Orbignya barbosiana</spn>) with hard-shelled nuts yielding a valuable oil (<prod><col><b>babassu oil</b></col></prod>) and a kind of vegetable ivory.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> babassu palm, coco de macao, <spn>Orbignya phalerata</spn>, <spn>Orbignya spesiosa</spn>, <spn>Orbignya martiana</spn>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>babbiting</hw>, <hw>babbitting</hw></mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>lining a surface or bearing with babbitt metal.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> babbitting</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"bitt</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To line with Babbitt metal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"bitt met`al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[From the inventor, <person>Isaac <etsep>Babbitt</etsep></person> of Massachusetts.]</ety> <def>A soft white alloy of variable composition (as a nine parts of tin to one of copper, or of fifty parts of tin to five of antimony and one of copper) used in bearings to diminish friction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;b"b'l)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Babbled</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;b"b'ld)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Babbling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. LG. <ets>babbeln</ets>, D. <ets>babbelen</ets>, G. <ets>bappeln</ets>, <ets>bappern</ets>, F. <ets>babiller</ets>, It. <ets>babbolare</ets>; prob. orig., to keep saying <ets>ba</ets>, imitative of a child learning to talk.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>To utter words indistinctly or unintelligibly; to utter inarticulate sounds; as a child <xex>babbles</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To talk incoherently; to utter unmeaning words.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To talk much; to chatter; to prate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To make a continuous murmuring noise, as shallow water running over stones.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In every <qex>babbling</qex> brook he finds a friend.</q> <rj><qau>Wordsworth.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Hounds are said to <xex>babble</xex>, or to be <xex>babbling</xex>, when they are too noisy after having found a good scent.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To prate; prattle; chatter; gossip.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To utter in an indistinct or incoherent way; to repeat, as words, in a childish way without understanding.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>These [words] he used to <qex>babble</qex> in all companies.</q> <rj><qau>Arbuthnot.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To disclose by too free talk, as a secret.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Idle talk; senseless prattle; gabble; twaddle.</def> &ldquo;This is mere moral <xex>babble</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Inarticulate speech; constant or confused murmur.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>babble</qex> of our young children.</q> <rj><qau>Darwin.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>babble</qex> of the stream.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble*ment</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Babble.</def>  <rj><au>Hawthorne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"bler</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An idle talker; an irrational prater; a teller of secrets.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Great <qex>babblers</qex>, or talkers, are not fit for trust.</q> <rj><qau>L'Estrange.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A hound too noisy on finding a good scent.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A name given to any one of a family (<fam>Timalin&aelig;</fam>) of thrushlike birds, having a chattering note.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Babble.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. More.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Babe</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Ir. <ets>bab</ets>, <ets>baban</ets>, W. <ets>baban</ets>, <ets>maban</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A doll for children.</def>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Babe"hood</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Babyhood.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Udall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"bel</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Heb. <ets>B&amacr;bel</ets>, the name of the capital of Babylonia; in Genesis associated with the idea of &ldquo;confusion.&rdquo;]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The city and tower in the land of Shinar, where the confusion of languages took place.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Therefore is the name of it called <qex>Babel</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Gen. xi. 9.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence: A place or scene of noise and confusion; a confused mixture of sounds, as of voices or languages.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That <qex>babel</qex> of strange heathen languages.</q> <rj><qau>Hammond.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The grinding <qex>babel</qex> of the street</q>. <rj><qau>R. L. Stevenson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"er*y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perh. orig. for <ets>baboonery</ets>. Cf. <er>Baboon</er>, and also <er>Babe</er>.]</ety> <def>Finery of a kind to please a child.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  &ldquo;Painted <xex>babery</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir P. Sidney.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba"bi*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Ba"bi*on</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Baboon</er>.]</ety> <def>A baboon.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bab"il*lard</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., a babbler.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The lesser whitethroat of Europe; -- called also <altname>babbling warbler</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ing*ton*ite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From Dr. <ets>Babbington</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A mineral occurring in triclinic crystals approaching pyroxene in angle, and of a greenish black color.  It is a silicate of iron, manganese, and lime.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Bab`i*rous"sa</hw>, &Verbar;<hw>Bab`i*rus"sa</hw>}</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>babiroussa</ets>, fr. Malay <ets>b&amacr;b&imacr;</ets> hog + <ets>r&umacr;sa</ets> deer.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A large hoglike quadruped (<spn>Sus babirussa</spn>, <it>syn.</it> <spn>Porcus babirussa</spn>) of the East Indies, sometimes domesticated; the Indian hog.  Its upper canine teeth or tusks are large and recurved.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ish</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Like a babe; a childish; babyish.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Babish</xex> imbecility.&rdquo; <au>Drayton.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Bab"ish*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Bab"ish*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos> <mark>[R.]</mark></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bab"ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Bab"i*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The doctrine of a modern religious pantheistical sect in Persia, which was founded, about 1844, by <person>Mirza Ali Mohammed ibn Rabhik</person> (1820 -- 1850), who assumed the title of <person>Bab-ed-Din</person> (Per., Gate of the Faith).  Babism is a mixture of Mohammedan, Christian, Jewish, and Parsi elements.  This doctrine forbids concubinage and polygamy, and frees women from many of the degradations imposed upon them among the orthodox Mohammedans.  Mendicancy, the use of intoxicating liquors and drugs, and slave dealing, are forbidden; asceticism is discountenanced.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Bab"ist</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A believer in Babism.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bab"lah</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Per. <ets>bab&umacr;l</ets> a species of mimosa yielding gum arabic.]</ety> <def>The rind of the fruit of several East Indian species of acacia; neb-neb. It contains gallic acid and tannin, and is used for dyeing drab.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Ba"boo</hw>, &Verbar;<hw>Ba"bu</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(b&auml;"b&oomacr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Hind. <ets>b&amacr;b&umacr;</ets>.]</ety> <def>A Hindu gentleman; a native clerk who writes English; also, a Hindu title equivalent to the English <sig>Mr.</sig> or <sig>Esquire</sig>.</def>  <rj><au>Whitworth.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>babewin</ets>, <ets>baboin</ets>, fr. F. <ets>babouin</ets>, or LL. <ets>babewynus</ets>.  Of unknown origin; cf. D. <ets>baviaan</ets>, G. <ets>pavian</ets>, baboon, F. <ets>babine</ets> lip of ape, dogs, etc., dial. G. <ets>b&auml;ppe</ets> mouth.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the Old World Quadrumana, of the genera <gen>Cynocephalus</gen> and <gen>Papio</gen>; the dog-faced ape. Baboons have dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. They are mostly African. See <er>Mandrill</er>, and <er>Chacma</er>, and <er>Drill</er> an ape.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"ery</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Baboonish behavior.</def>  <rj><au>Marryat.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"ish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Like a baboon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba*bul"</hw>, <hw>Ba*bool"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bablah</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Any one of several species of <gen>Acacia</gen>, esp. <spn>Acacia Arabica</spn>, which yelds a gum used as a substitute for true gum arabic.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In place of Putney's golden gorse<br/>
The sickly <qex>babul</qex> blooms.</q>  <rj><qau>Kipling.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"b&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Babies</plw> <pr>(-b&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[Dim. of <ets>babe</ets>.]</ety> <def>An infant or young child of either sex; a babe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A small image of an infant; a doll.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Babies in the eyes</b></col>, <cd>the minute reflection which one sees of one's self in the eyes of another.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>She clung about his neck, gave him ten kisses,<br/>
Toyed with his locks, looked <qex>babies in his eyes</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Heywood.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an infant; young or little; <as>as, <ex>baby</ex> swans</as>.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Baby</xex> figure&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Babied</conjf> <pr>(b&amacr;"b&emacr;d)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Babying</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To treat like a young child; to keep dependent; to humor; to fondle.</def>  <rj><au>Young.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baby-blue-eyes</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baby blue-eyes, Nemophila menziesii</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baby-faced</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>having a face resembling that of a baby</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>A place where the nourishment and care of babies are offered for hire.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>One who keeps a baby farm.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`ing</hw>. <def>The business of keeping a baby farm.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*hood</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state or period of infancy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*house`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A place for children's dolls and dolls' furniture.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Like a baby; childish; puerile; simple.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Ba"by*ish*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ba"by*ish*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ism</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The state of being a baby.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A babyish manner of acting or speaking.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by jump`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>A hoop suspended by an elastic strap, in which a young child may be held secure while amusing itself by jumping on the floor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab`y*lo"ni*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the real or to the mystical Babylon, or to the ancient kingdom of Babylonia; Chaldean.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab`y*lo"ni*an</hw>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An inhabitant of Babylonia (which included Chaldea); a Chaldean.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An astrologer; -- so called because the Chaldeans were remarkable for the study of astrology.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bab`y*lon"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bab`y*lon"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Pertaining to Babylon, or made there; <as>as, <ex>Babylonic</ex> garments, carpets, or hangings</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Tumultuous; disorderly.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir J. Harrington.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"y*lo`nish</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or made in, Babylon or Babylonia.</def> &ldquo;A <xex>Babylonish</xex> garment.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Josh. vii. 21.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Pertaining to the Babylon of <au>Revelation xiv. 8.</au></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Pertaining to Rome and papal power.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The . . . injurious nickname of <qex>Babylonish</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Gage.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Confused; Babel-like.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Bab`y*rous"sa</hw>, &Verbar;<hw>Bab`y*rus"sa</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>See <er>Babiroussa</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ship</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality of being a baby; the personality of an infant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baby-sit</hw> <pos>v.</pos> <def>act as a baby-sitter</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> babysit, sit</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>babysitter</hw>, <hw>baby-sitter</hw></mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A person engaged to care for children when the parents are not home.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sitter</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>babysitting</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the work of a baby sitter; caring for children when their parents are not home.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baby-walker</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a framework on small wheels or casters designed to support small children while they are learning to walk, and usually having a fabric support that permits the child to sit.  Called also <altname>walker</altname> and <altname>go-cart</altname>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> walker, go-cart</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. See <er>Back</er> a vat.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A broad, flat-bottomed ferryboat, usually worked by a rope.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A vat or cistern. See 1st <er>Back</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bac"ca</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an indehiscent fruit derived from a single ovary having one or many seeds within a fleshy wall or pericarp: e. g. grape; tomato; cranberry.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> simple fruit</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"ca*lau"re*ate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. <ets>baccalaureatus</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>baccalaureus</ets> a bachelor of arts, fr. <ets>baccalarius</ets>, but as if fr. L. <ets>bacca lauri</ets> bayberry, from the practice of the bachelor's wearing a garland of bayberries. See <er>Bachelor</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The degree of bachelor of arts (B.A. or A.B.), the first or lowest academical degree conferred by universities and colleges.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A baccalaureate sermon.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`ca*lau"re*ate</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to a bachelor of arts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baccalaureate sermon</b></col>, <cd>in some American colleges, a sermon delivered as a farewell discourse to a graduating class.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Bac`ca*ra"</hw>, <hw>Bac`ca*rat"</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A French game of cards, played by a banker and punters.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bac*ca"re</hw>, <hw>Bac*ka"re</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>interj.</pos> <def>Stand back! give place! -- a cant word of the Elizabethan writers, probably in ridicule of some person who pretended to a knowledge of Latin which he did not possess.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Baccare</qex>! you are marvelous forward.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"cate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>baccatus</ets>, fr. L. <ets>bacca</ets> berry.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Pulpy throughout, like a berry; -- said of fruits.</def>  <rj><au>Gray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"ca*ted</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having many berries.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Set or adorned with pearls.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"cha*nal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Bacchanalis</ets>. See <er>Bacchanalia</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Relating to Bacchus or his festival.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Engaged in drunken revels; drunken and riotous or noisy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"cha*nal</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"k&adot_;*n&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A devotee of Bacchus; one who indulges in drunken revels; one who is noisy and riotous when intoxicated; a carouser.</def> &ldquo;Tipsy <xex>bacchanals</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>The festival of Bacchus; the bacchanalia.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Drunken revelry; an orgy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A song or a dance in honor of <persfn>Bacchus</persfn>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bac`cha*na"li*a</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k`k&adot_;*n&amacr;"l&ibreve_;*&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Bacchanal</ets> a place devoted to Bacchus; in the pl. <ets>Bacchanalia</ets> a feast of Bacchus, fr. <ets>Bacchus</ets> the god of wine, Gr. <grk>Ba`kchos</grk>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Myth.)</fld> <def>A feast or an orgy in honor of Bacchus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence: A drunken feast; drunken revels; an orgy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k`k&adot_;*n&amacr;"l&ibreve_;*&aitalic_;n; 106)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the festival of Bacchus; relating to or given to reveling and drunkenness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Even <qex>bacchanalian</qex> madness has its charms.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A bacchanal; a drunken reveler.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an*ism</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The practice of bacchanalians; bacchanals; drunken revelry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"chant</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Bacchants</plw>, L. <plw>Bacchantes</plw>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>bacchans</ets>, <ets>-antis</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>bacchari</ets> to celebrate the festival of Bacchus.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A priest of Bacchus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A bacchanal; a reveler.</def>  <rj><au>Croly.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"chant</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Bacchanalian; fond of drunken revelry; wine-loving; reveling; carousing.</def>  <rj><au>Byron.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"chante</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>L. pl. <plw>Bacchantes</plw>.</plu> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A priestess of Bacchus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A female bacchanal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*chan"tic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Bacchanalian.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bac"chic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bac"chic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Bacchicus</ets>, Gr. <grk>Bakchiko`s</grk>.]</ety> <def>Of or relating to Bacchus; hence, jovial, or riotous, with intoxication; riotously drunken; -- used of revelrous gatherings.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bacchanalian, bacchanal, bibulous, carousing, drunken(prenominal), orgiastic, riotous</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bac*chi"us</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bacchii</plw>  <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>Bacchius</ets> pes, Gr. <grk>"o Bakchei^os</grk> (sc. <grk>poy`s</grk> foot).]</ety> <fld>(Pros.)</fld> <def>A metrical foot composed of a short syllable and two long ones; according to some, two long and a short.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"chus</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., fr. Gr. <grk>Ba`kchos</grk>.]</ety> <fld>(Myth.)</fld> <def>The god of wine, son of <persfn>Jupiter</persfn> and <persfn>Semele</persfn>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*cif"er*ous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>baccifer</ets>; <ets>bacca</ets> berry + <ets>ferre</ets> to bear.]</ety> <def>Producing berries.</def> &ldquo; <xex>Bacciferous</xex> trees.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Ray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"ci*form</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>bacca</ets> berry + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Having the form of a berry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*civ"o*rous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>bacca</ets> berry + <ets>vorare</ets> to devour.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Eating, or subsisting on, berries; <as>as, <ex>baccivorous</ex> birds</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bace</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n., a., &amp; v.</pos> <def>See <er>Base</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{<hw>Bach"a*rach</hw>, <hw>Back"a*rack</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of wine made at <etsep>Bacharach</etsep> on the Rhine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;ch"&euptack_;*l&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bacheler</ets> young man, F. <ets>bachelier</ets> (cf. Pr. <ets>bacalar</ets>, Sp. <ets>bachiller</ets>, Pg. <ets>bacharel</ets>, It. <ets>baccalare</ets>), LL. <ets>baccalarius</ets> the tenant of a kind of farm called <ets>baccalaria</ets>, a soldier not old or rich enough to lead his retainers into battle with a banner, a person of an inferior academical degree aspiring to a doctorate.  In the latter sense, it was afterward changed to baccalaureus. See <er>Baccalaureate</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A man of any age who has not been married.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>As merry and mellow an old <qex>bachelor</qex> as ever followed a hound.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An unmarried woman.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 110 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A person who has taken the first or lowest degree in the liberal arts, or in some branch of science, at a college or university; <as>as, a <ex>bachelor</ex> of arts</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A knight who had no standard of his own, but fought under the standard of another in the field; often, a young knight.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>In the companies of London tradesmen, one not yet admitted to wear the livery; a junior member.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A kind of bass, an edible fresh-water fish (<spn>Pomoxys annularis</spn>) of the southern United States.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bachelor-at-arms</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a knight of the lowest order; he was permitted to display only a pennon.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> knight bachelor, bachelor</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*dom</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;ch"&euptack_;*l&etilde_;r*d&ubreve;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of bachelorhood; the whole body of bachelors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*hood</hw> <pr>(-h&oobreve_;d)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state or condition of being a bachelor; bachelorship.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*ism</hw> <pr>(-&ibreve_;z'm)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Bachelorhood; also, a manner or peculiarity belonging to bachelors.</def>  <rj><au>W. Irving.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor's but"ton</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A plant with flowers shaped like buttons; especially, several species of <gen>Ranunculus</gen>, and the cornflower (<spn>Centaurea cyanus</spn>) and globe amaranth (<gen>Gomphrena</gen>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <ex>Bachelor's buttons</ex>, a name given to several flowers &ldquo;from their similitude to the jagged cloathe buttons, anciently worne in this kingdom,&rdquo; according to Johnson's <au>Gerarde, p. 472 (1633)</au>; but by other writers ascribed to &ldquo;a habit of country fellows to carry them in their pockets to divine their success with their sweethearts.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dr. Prior.</au></rj>
</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*ship</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of being a bachelor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bach"el*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bachelerie</ets>.]</ety> <def>The body of young aspirants for knighthood.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"lar</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>bacillum</ets> little staff.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Shaped like a rod or staff.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or produced by, the organism bacillus; bacillary.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bac"il*la`ri*&aelig;</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>bacillum</ets>, dim. of <ets>baculum</ets> stick.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>See <er>Diatom</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"il*la*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to little rods; rod-shaped.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to bacilli; produced by, or containing, bacilli; bacillar; <as>as, a <ex>bacillary</ex> disease</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacilli</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>plural of <er>bacillus</er>; usually designating aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacteria; they often occur in chainlike formations.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bacillus</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"li*form</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>bacillum</ets> little staff + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Rod-shaped.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"lus</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bacilli</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[NL., for L. <xex>bacillum</xex>. See <er>Bacillari&aelig;</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>A variety of bacterium; a microscopic, rod-shaped vegetable organism.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacitracin</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <fu>(1940)</fu> <ety>[<ets>Baci</ets>llus + Margaret <ets>Trac</ets>y, (a child whose tissues contained <spn>Bacillus subtilis</spn>) + <ets>-in</ets>.  <au>RHUD.</au>]</ety> <def>a polypeptide antibacterial antibiotic of known chemical structure effective against several types of Gram-positive organisms, and usually used topically for superficial local infection.</def>  <note>It is produced by <spn>Bacillus subtilis</spn> and <spn>Bacillus licheniformis</spn>, and as produced commercially is composed of several closely related substances.  The predominant component, <stype>Bacitracin A</stype>, has a formula <chform>C60H103N17O16S</chform>, and contains D-ornithine, D-phenylalanine  and D-glutamine residues as well as the L-isomers of leucine, isoleucine, histidine, asparagine and aspartic acid.</note> <au>[MI11]</au><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bac</ets>: cf. Arm. <ets>bag</ets>, <ets>bak</ets> a bark, D. <ets>bak</ets> tray, bowl.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A large shallow vat; a cistern, tub, or trough, used by brewers, distillers, dyers, picklers, gluemakers, and others, for mixing or cooling wort, holding water, hot glue, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Hop back</b></col>, <col><b>Jack back</b></col></mcol>, <cd>the cistern which receives the infusion of malt and hops from the copper.</cd> --  <col><b>Wash back</b></col>, <cd>a vat in which distillers ferment the wort to form wash.</cd> -- <col><b>Water back</b></col>, <cd>a cistern to hold a supply of water; esp. a small cistern at the back of a stove, or a group of pipes set in the fire box of a stove or furnace, through which water circulates and is heated.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A ferryboat.  See <er>Bac</er>, 1.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>b&aelig;c</ets>, <ets>bac</ets>; akin to Icel., Sw., &amp; LG. <ets>bak</ets>, Dan. <ets>bag</ets>; cf. OHG. <ets>bahho</ets> ham, Skr. <ets>bhaj</ets> to turn, OSlav. <ets>b&emacr;g&ubreve;</ets> flight. Cf. <er>Bacon</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In human beings, the hinder part of the body, extending from the neck to the end of the spine; in other animals, that part of the body which corresponds most nearly to such part of a human being; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> of a horse, fish, or lobster</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An extended upper part, as of a mountain or ridge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[The mountains] their broad bare <qex>backs</qex> upheave<br/>
Into the clouds.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The outward or upper part of a thing, as opposed to the inner or lower part; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> of the hand, the <ex>back</ex> of the foot, the <ex>back</ex> of a hand rail</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Methought Love pitying me, when he saw this,<br/>
Gave me your hands, the <qex>backs</qex> and palms to kiss.</q> <rj><qau>Donne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The part opposed to the front; the hinder or rear part of a thing; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> of a book; the <ex>back</ex> of an army; the <ex>back</ex> of a chimney</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>The part opposite to, or most remote from, that which fronts the speaker or actor; or the part out of sight, or not generally seen; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> of an island, of a hill, or of a village</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>The part of a cutting tool on the opposite side from its edge; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> of a knife, or of a saw</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A support or resource in reserve.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This project<br/>
Should have a <qex>back</qex> or second, that might hold,<br/>
If this should blast in proof.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>The keel and keelson of a ship.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>The upper part of a lode, or the roof of a horizontal underground passage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <def>A garment for the back; hence, clothing.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>bak</qex> to walken inne by daylight.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Behind one's back</b></col>, <cd>when one is absent; without one's knowledge; <as>as, to ridicule a person <ex>behind his back</ex></as>.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Full back</b></col>, <col><b>Half back</b></col>, <col><b>Quarter back</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Football)</fld>, <cd>players stationed behind those in the front line.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>To be on one's back</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>To lie on one's back</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to be helpless.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>To put one's back up</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>to get one's back up</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to assume an attitude of obstinate resistance (from the action of a cat when attacked).</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark> -- <col><b>To see the back of</b></col>, <cd>to get rid of.</cd>  -- <col><b>To turn the back</b></col>, <cd>to go away; to flee.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the back on one</b></col>, <cd>to forsake or neglect him.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Being at the back or in the rear; distant; remote; <as>as, the <ex>back</ex> door; <ex>back</ex> settlements</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Being in arrear; overdue; <as>as, <ex>back</ex> rent</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Moving or operating backward; <as>as, <ex>back</ex> action</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Back blocks</b></col>, <cd>Australian pastoral country which is remote from the seacoast or from a river.</cd> [<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>] -- <col><b>Back charges</b></col>, <cd>charges brought forward after an account has been made up.</cd> -- <col><b>Back filling</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>the mass of materials used in filling up the space between two walls, or between the inner and outer faces of a wall, or upon the haunches of an arch or vault.</cd>  --  <col><b>Back pressure</b></col>. <fld>(Steam Engine)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Pressure</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Back rest</b></col>, <cd>a guide attached to the slide rest of a lathe, and placed in contact with the work, to steady it in turning.</cd> -- <col><b>Back slang</b></col>, <cd>a kind of slang in which every word is written or pronounced backwards; as, <xex>nam</xex> for <xex>man</xex>.</cd> -- <col><b>Back stairs</b></col>, <cd>stairs in the back part of a house; private stairs.  Also used adjectively. See <er>Back stairs</er>, <er>Backstairs</er>, and <er>Backstair</er>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Back step</b></col> <fld>(Mil.)</fld>, <cd>the retrograde movement of a man or body of men, without changing front.</cd> -- <col><b>Back stream</b></col>, <cd>a current running against the main current of a stream; an eddy.</cd>  --  <col><b>To take the back track</b></col>, <cd>to retrace one's steps; to retreat.</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Backed</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;kt)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Backing</conjf>.]</vmorph><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To get upon the back of; to mount.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I will <qex>back</qex> him [a horse] straight.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To place or seat upon the back.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Great Jupiter, upon his eagle <qex>backed</qex>,<br/>
Appeared to me.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To drive or force backward; to cause to retreat or recede; <as>as, to <ex>back</ex> oxen</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To make a back for; to furnish with a back; <as>as, to <ex>back</ex> books</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To adjoin behind; to be at the back of.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A garden . . . with a vineyard <qex>backed</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The chalk cliffs which <qex>back</qex> the beach.</q> <rj><qau>Huxley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>To write upon the back of; <as>as, to <ex>back</ex> a letter</as>; to indorse; <as>as, to <ex>back</ex> a note or legal document</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>To support; to maintain; to second or strengthen by aid or influence; <as>as, to <ex>back</ex> a friend</as>.</def> &ldquo;The Parliament would be <xex>backed</xex> by the people.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Macaulay.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Have still found it necessary to <qex>back</qex> and fortify their laws with rewards and punishments.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The mate <qex>backed</qex> the captain manfully.</q> <rj><qau>Blackw. Mag.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>To bet on the success of; -- as, to <xex>back</xex> a race horse.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To back an anchor</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>to lay down a small anchor ahead of a large one, the cable of the small one being fastened to the crown of the large one.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the field</b></col>, <cd>in horse racing, to bet against a particular horse or horses, that some one of all the other horses, collectively designated &ldquo;the field&rdquo;, will win.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the oars</b></col>, <cd>to row backward with the oars.</cd>  -- <col><b>To back a rope</b></col>, <cd>to put on a preventer.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the sails</b></col>, <cd>to arrange them so as to cause the ship to move astern.</cd>  -- <col><b>To back up</b></col>, <cd>to support; to sustain; <as>as, to <ex>back up</ex> one's friends</as>.</cd> -- <col><b>To back a warrant</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>is for a justice of the peace, in the county where the warrant is to be executed, to sign or indorse a warrant, issued in another county, to apprehend an offender.</cd> -- <col><b>To back water</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>,  <cd>to reverse the action of the oars, paddles, or propeller, so as to force the boat or ship backward.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To move or go backward; <as>as, the horse refuses to <ex>back</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>To change from one quarter to another by a course opposite to that of the sun; -- used of the wind.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Sporting)</fld> <def>To stand still behind another dog which has pointed; -- said of a dog.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To back and fill</b></col>, <cd>to manage the sails of a ship so that the wind strikes them alternately in front and behind, in order to keep the ship in the middle of a river or channel while the current or tide carries the vessel against the wind.</cd>  Hence: (<mark>Fig.</mark>) <cd>To take opposite positions alternately; to assert and deny.</cd>  <mark>[Colloq.]</mark> -- <mcol><col><b>To back out</b></col>, <col><b>To back down</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to retreat or withdraw from a promise, engagement, or contest; to recede.</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Cleon at first . . . was willing to go; but, finding that he [Nicias] was in earnest, he tried to <qex>back out</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Jowett (Thucyd. )</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[Shortened from <ets>aback</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In, to, or toward, the rear; <as>as, to stand <ex>back</ex>; to step <ex>back</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To the place from which one came; to the place or person from which something is taken or derived; <as>as, to go <ex>back</ex> for something left behind; to go <ex>back</ex> to one's native place; to put a book <ex>back</ex> after reading it</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To a former state, condition, or station; <as>as, to go <ex>back</ex> to private life; to go <ex>back</ex> to barbarism</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>(Of time) In times past; ago.</def> &ldquo;Sixty or seventy years <xex>back</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Gladstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Away from contact; by reverse movement.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The angel of the Lord . . . came, and rolled <qex>back</qex> the stone from the door.</q> <rj><qau>Matt. xxviii. 2.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>In concealment or reserve; in one's own possession; <as>as, to keep <ex>back</ex> the truth; to keep <ex>back</ex> part of the money due to another</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>In a state of restraint or hindrance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Lord hath kept thee <qex>back</qex> from honor.</q> <rj><qau>Numb. xxiv. 11.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>In return, repayment, or requital.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>What have I to give you <qex>back</qex>?</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <def>In withdrawal from a statement, promise, or undertaking; <as>as, he took <ex>back</ex> the offensive words</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <def>In arrear; <as>as, to be <ex>back</ex> in one's rent</as>.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Back and forth</b></col>, <cd>backwards and forwards; to and fro.</cd>  --  <col><b>To go back on</b></col>, <cd>to turn back from; to abandon; to betray; <as>as, <ex>to go back on</ex> a friend; <ex>to go back on</ex> one's professions</as>.</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"ache</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>an ache localized in the back.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"-and-forth`</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a discussion; give-and-take.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"a*rack</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"&adot_;*r&abreve;k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bacharach</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*ka"re</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>interj.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Baccare</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"band`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&abreve;nd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2nd <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>band</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Saddlery)</fld> <def>The band which passes over the back of a horse and holds up the shafts of a carriage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"bench</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&ebreve_;nch)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>any of the seats occupied by backbenchers in the House of Commons of Great Britain.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>backbencher</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&ebreve_;nch*&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>a member of the House of Commons of Great Britain who is not a party leader.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"bend</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&ebreve_;nd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an acrobatic feat in which the trunk is bent backward from a standing position until the hands touch the floor.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bite`</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>bite</ets>.]</ety> <def>To wound by clandestine detraction; to censure meanly or spitefully (an absent person); to slander or speak evil of (one absent).</def>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bite`</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To censure or revile the absent.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They are arrant knaves, and will <qex>backbite</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bit`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who backbites; a secret calumniator or detractor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bit`ing</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Secret slander; detraction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Backbiting</qex>, and bearing of false witness.</q> <rj><qau>Piers Plowman.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"board`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>board</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A board which supports the back when one is sitting;</def> <specif>specifically,</specif> <def>the board athwart the after part of a boat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A board serving as the back part of anything, as of a wagon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A thin stuff used for the backs of framed pictures, mirrors, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A board attached to the rim of a water wheel to prevent the water from running off the floats or paddles into the interior of the wheel.</def>  <rj><au>W. Nicholson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A board worn across the back to give erectness to the figure.</def>  <rj><au>Thackeray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bond`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&obreve_;nd`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>bond</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Scots Law)</fld> <def>An instrument which, in conjunction with another making an absolute disposition, constitutes a trust.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"bone"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"b&omacr;n`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>bone</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The column of bones in the back which sustains and gives firmness to the frame; the spine; the vertebral or spinal column.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Anything like , or serving the purpose of, a backbone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The lofty mountains on the north side compose the granitic axis, or <qex>backbone</qex> of the country.</q> <rj><qau>Darwin.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We have now come to the <qex>backbone</qex> of our subject.</q> <rj><qau>Earle.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Firmness; moral principle; steadfastness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Shelley's thought never had any <qex>backbone</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shairp.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To the backbone</b></col>, <cd>through and through; thoroughly; entirely.</cd>  &ldquo;Staunch <xex>to the backbone</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Lord Lytton.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"boned"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vertebrate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"cast`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"k&adot_;st`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>cast</ets>.]</ety> <def>Anything which brings misfortune upon one, or causes failure in an effort or enterprise; a reverse.</def> <mark>[Scot.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"date</hw> <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>to make effective from an earlier date; to make retroactive.</def> <illu>The increase in tax was <ex>backdated</ex> to January.</illu><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> back-date</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>to affix a date earlier than the present date; -- sometimes done for fraudulent purposes.  Opposite of <ant>postdate</ant>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> back-date; predate; antedate.</syn><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><note><ex>Backdate</ex> is sometimes used incorrectly for postdate.</note></p>

<p><hw>Back" door"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>A door in the back part of a building; hence, an indirect way.</def>  <rj><au>Atterbury.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"door"</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Acting from behind and in concealment; backstairs; <as>as, <ex>backdoor</ex> intrigues</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"down`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A receding or giving up; a complete surrender.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"drop</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the scenery hung at back of stage.  Also called in Britain <altname>backcloth</altname>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> background, backcloth</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>the background, setting, or circumstances of an event; <as>as, the <ex>backdrop</ex> for the summit meeting</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Backed</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;kt)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having a back; fitted with a back; <as>as, a <ex>backed</ex> electrotype or stereotype plate</as>.  Used in composition; <as>as, broad-<ex>backed</ex>; hump-<ex>backed</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"er</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, backs; especially one who backs a person or thing in a contest.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"fall`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"f&asuml_;l`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>fall</ets>.]</ety> <def>A fall or throw on the back in wrestling.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>backfire</hw>, <hw>back fire</hw></mhw>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>A fire started ahead of a forest or prairie fire to burn only against the wind, so that when the two fires meet both must go out for lack of fuel.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A premature explosion in the cylinder of a gas or oil engine during the exhaust or the compression stroke, tending to drive the piston in a direction reverse to that in which it should travel; also called a <altname>knock</altname> or <altname>ping</altname>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>an explosion in the exhaust passages of an internal combustion engine.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Back"fire`</hw> <hw>Back"-fire`</hw></mhw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Engin.)</fld> <def>To have or experience a back fire or back fires; -- said of an internal-combustion engine.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>Of a Bunsen or similar air-fed burner, to light so that the flame proceeds from the internal gas jet instead of from the external jet of mixed gas and air.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Back"-fir`ing</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"-for*ma`tion</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Linguistics)</fld>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>a word invented (usually unwittingly by subtracting an affix) on the assumption that a familiar word derives from it, such as <examp>emote</examp> from emotion.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>the process of inventing a back-formation{1}.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"friend`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, n. or adv. + <ets>friend</ets>.]</ety> <def>A secret enemy.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>South.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"gam`mon</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Origin unknown; perhaps fr. Dan. <ets>bakke</ets> tray +  E. <ets>game</ets>; or very likely the first part is from E. <ets>back</ets>, adv., and the game is so called because the men are often set <ets>back</ets>.]</ety> <def>A game of chance and skill, played by two persons on a &ldquo;board&rdquo; marked off into twenty-four spaces called &ldquo;points&rdquo;.  Each player has fifteen pieces, or &ldquo;men&rdquo;, the movements of which from point to point are determined by throwing dice.  Formerly called <altname>tables</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>backgammon board</b></col>, <cd>a board for playing backgammon, often made in the form of two rectangular trays hinged together, each tray containing two &ldquo;tables&rdquo;.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back`gam"mon</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>In the game of backgammon, to beat by ending the game before the loser is clear of his first &ldquo;table&rdquo;.  When played for betting purposes, the winner in such a case scores three times the wagered amount.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"ground`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>ground</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Ground in the rear or behind, or in the distance, as opposed to the <contr>foreground</contr>, or the ground in <xex>front</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Paint.)</fld> <def>The space which is behind and subordinate to a portrait or group of figures.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The distance in a picture is usually divided into foreground, middle distance, and <xex>background</xex>.</note>  <rj><au>Fairholt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Anything behind, serving as a foil; <as>as, the statue had a <ex>background</ex> of red hangings</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A place in obscurity or retirement, or out of sight.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I fancy there was a <qex>background</qex> of grinding and waiting before Miss Torry could produce this highly finished . . . performance.</q> <rj><qau>Mrs. Alexander.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A husband somewhere in the <qex>background</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Thackeray.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>The set of conditions within which an action takes place, including the social and physical conditions as well as the psychological states of the participants; <as>as, within the <ex>background</ex> of the massive budget deficits of the 1980's, new spending programs had little chance of passage by the congress</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>The set of conditions that precede and affect an action, such as the social and historical precedents for the event, as well as the general background{5}; <as>as, against the <ex>background</ex> of their expulsion by the Serbs, the desire of Kosovars for vengeance is understandable though regrettable</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Science)</fld> <def>The signals that may be detected by a measurement which are not due to the phenomenon being studied, and tend to make the measurement uncertain to a greater or lesser degree.</def> <specif>Specifically:</specif> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>Electronic noise present in a system using electronic measuring instrument or in a telecommunications system, which may hide and which must be differentiated from the desired signal; also called <ecol><b>background noise</b></ecol> or <altname>noise</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Journalism)</fld> <def>An agreement between a journalist and an interviewee that the name of the interviewee will not be quoted in any publication, although the substance of the remarks may be reported; -- often used in the phrase &ldquo;on background&rdquo;.  Compare <cref>deep background</cref>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To place in the background</b></col>, <cd>to make of little consequence.</cd> <col><b>To keep in the background</b></col>, <cd>to remain unobtrusive, inconspicuous or out of sight; -- of people.</cd> <col><b>deep background</b></col>, <fld>(Journalism)</fld> <cd>the status of an interview which must not be quoted in a publication, even without attribution.  Compare <er>background</er>{8}.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"ground*ing</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Computers)</fld>  <def>The execution of low priority programs while higher priority programs are not using the processing system.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> background processing</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>hand</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A kind of handwriting in which the downward slope of the letters is from left to right.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Sports)</fld> <def>The stroke of a ball with a racket or paddle, in which head of the racket starts from the side of the body opposite to that of the arm in which the racket is held, and proceeds forward to meet the ball.  Contrasted with <contr>forehand</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Sloping from left to right; -- said of handwriting.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Backhanded; indirect; oblique.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`ed</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>With the hand turned backward; <as>as, a <ex>backhanded</ex> blow</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Indirect; awkward; insincere; sarcastic; <as>as, a <ex>backhanded</ex> compliment</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Turned back, or inclining to the left; <as>as, <ex>backhanded</ex> letters</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"hand`ed</hw>, <pos>a. &amp; adv.</pos> <fld>(Sport)</fld> <def>Stroked with a backhand{2}; <as>as, a <ex>backhanded</ex> drive</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`ed*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>State of being backhanded; the using of backhanded or indirect methods.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A backhanded blow.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"heel`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Wrestling)</fld> <def>A method of tripping by getting the leg back of the opponent's heel on the outside and pulling forward while pushing his body back; a throw made in this way.</def> -- <def2><pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To trip (a person) in this way.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"house`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>house</ets>.]</ety> <def>A building behind the main building.</def> <specif>Specifically:</specif> <def>A privy; an outhouse; a necessary.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of moving backward, or of putting or moving anything backward.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which is behind, and forms the back of, anything, usually giving strength or stability.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Support or aid given to a person or cause.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Bookbinding)</fld> <def>The preparation of the back of a book with glue, etc., before putting on the cover.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"joint`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"joint`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. or adv. + <ets>joint</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A rebate or chase in masonry left to receive a permanent slab or other filling.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"lash`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"l&abreve;sh`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>lash</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Mech.)</fld> <def>The distance through which one part of connected machinery, as a wheel, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, resulting from looseness in fitting or from wear; also, the jarring or reflex motion caused in badly fitting machinery by irregularities in velocity or a reverse of motion.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A strong and sudden reverse movement in a moving part of a machine.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A strong popular reaction serving to counter the effect of an action; -- used especially of adverse reactions to social or political developments.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Without a back.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"log`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"l&obreve_;g`; 115)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>log</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A large stick of wood, forming the back of a fire on the hearth.  Contrasted to <contr>forestick</contr>.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There was first a <qex>backlog</qex>, from fifteen to four and twenty inches in diameter and five feet long, imbedded in the ashes.</q> <rj><qau>S. G. Goodrich.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An accumulation (of tasks or of materials) that were not performed or processed at the normal time and require attention; <as>as, unexpected demand led to a large <ex>backlog</ex> of unfilled orders; politically motivated delays led to a large <ex>backlog</ex> of unconfirmed judicial appointments</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"pack</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a bag carried on the back, supported by straps looped over the shoulders.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> knapsack; rucksack; haversack.</syn>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"pack</hw> <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>to hike while carrying a backpack; -- often used in the form <altname>go backpacking</altname>; <as>as, to <ex>backpack</ex> through the forest</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"pack*er</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>one who backpacks; <as>as, two <ex>backpackers</ex> were mauled by bears in Yellowstone this week</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"ped*al</hw> <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>pedal backwards, as on a bicycle.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>step backwards, in boxing.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>modify one' opinion, usually by making it less strong or adding qualifications.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Back"piece`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Back"plate`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, n. or a. +  <ets>piece</ets>, <ets>plate</ets>. ]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A piece, or plate which forms the back of anything, or which covers the back.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <specif>Specifically:</specif>  <def>A piece of plate armor protecting the back; -- it is worn as part of a <partof>cuirass</partof>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 111 pr=SA --></p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Back"rack</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"r&abreve;k)</pr>, <hw>Back"rag</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"r&abreve;g)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bacharach</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"rest</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a support that you can lean against while sitting.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> back.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>backroom</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the meeting place of a group of leaders who make their decisions via private negotiations.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Backs</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;ks)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <def>Among leather dealers, the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"saw`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"s&asuml_;`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>saw</ets>.]</ety> <def>A saw (as a tenon saw) whose blade is stiffened by an added metallic back.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"set`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"s&ebreve_;t`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>    <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>set</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A check; a relapse; a discouragement; a setback.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Whatever is thrown back in its course, as water.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Slackwater, or the <qex>backset</qex> caused by the overflow.</q> <rj><qau>Harper's Mag.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"set`</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To plow again, in the fall; -- said of prairie land broken up in the spring.</def> <mark>[Western U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"set"tler</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"s&ebreve_;t"l&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>settler</ets>.]</ety> <def>One living in the back or outlying districts of a community.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The English <qex>backsettlers</qex> of Leinster and Munster.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Back"sheesh`</hw>, &Verbar;<hw>Back"shish`</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Pers. <ets>bakhsh&imacr;sh</ets>, fr.  <ets>bakhsh&imacr;dan</ets> to give.]</ety> <def>In Egypt and the Turkish empire, a relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter); a gratuity; a &ldquo;tip&rdquo;.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> gratuity, tip, baksheesh, bakshish, bakshis.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"side`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"s&imacr;d`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>side</ets>.]</ety> <def>The hinder part, posteriors, or rump of a person or animal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Backside</xex> (one word) was formerly used of the rear part or side of any thing or place, but in such senses is now two words.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"sight`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"s&imacr;t`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>sight</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Surv.)</fld> <def>The reading of the leveling staff in its unchanged position when the leveling instrument has been taken to a new position; a sight directed backwards to a station previously occupied.  Cf. <er>Foresight</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"slide"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"sl&imacr;d"; 277)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos>   <vmorph>[<pos>imp.</pos> <conjf>Backslid</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. p.</pos> <conjf>Backslidden</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>,    <conjf>Backslid</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos>  <conjf>Backsliding</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>slide</ets>.]</ety> <def>To slide back; to fall away; esp. to abandon gradually the faith and practice of a religion that has been professed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who backslides.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"ing</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Slipping back; falling back into sin or error; sinning.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Turn, O <qex>backsliding</qex> children, saith the Lord.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. iii. 14.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of one who backslides; abandonment of faith or duty.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Our <qex>backslidings</qex> are many.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. xiv. 7.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>backspace</hw>, <hw>backspacer</hw></mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The key on a typewriter or other keyboard used for back spacing.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> backspace key.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>backspace</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>In typing text, to press the backspace key so as to reposition the carriage or cursor on the previous space.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"staff`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An instrument formerly used for taking the altitude of the heavenly bodies, but now superseded by the quadrant and sextant; -- so called because the observer turned his back to the body observed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"stage</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(theater)</fld> <def>the area on the stage out of sight of the audience.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> wing, wings, offstage.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>backs"tage</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>concealed from the public; in private.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> behind the scenes.</syn>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Back"stairs`</hw>, <hw>Back" stairs`</hw></mhw>. <pr>(b&abreve;k"st&acirc;rz`)</pr> <pos>n.</pos> <def>Stairs in the back part of a house, as distinguished from the <contr>front stairs</contr>; a second staircase at the rear of a building; hence, a private or indirect way.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Back"stairs`</hw>, <hw>Back"stair`</hw>  }</mhw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Private; indirect; secret; conducted with secrecy; intriguing; -- as if finding access by the back stairs; <as>as, <ex>backstairs</ex> gossip</as>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> clandestine, cloak-and-dagger, hugger-mugger, hush-hush, on the quiet(predicate), secret, subterranean, surreptitious, undercover, underground.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>backstairs</qex> influence.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Female caprice and <qex>backstair</qex> influence.</q> <rj><qau>Trevelyan.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stay`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"st&amacr;`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. or n. + <ets>stay</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A rope or stay extending from the masthead to the side of a ship, slanting a little aft, to assist the shrouds in supporting the mast.</def> <mark>[Often used in the plural.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A rope or strap used to prevent excessive forward motion.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ster</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Baxter</er>.]</ety> <def>A baker.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stitch`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. + <ets>stitch</ets>.]</ety> <def>A stitch made by setting the needle back of the end of the last stitch, and bringing it out in front of the end.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stitch`</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To sew with backstitches; <as>as, to <ex>backstitch</ex> a seam</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stop`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In baseball, a fence, prop. at least 90 feet behind the home base, to stop the balls that pass the catcher; also, the catcher himself.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>In rounders, the player who stands immediately behind the striking base.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn>  <def>In cricket, the longstop; also, the wicket keeper.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stress</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k"str&ebreve_;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A female baker.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"stroke`</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a swimming stroke that resembles the crawl except the swimmer lies on his or her back.  It is usually executed with backward-moving circular arm strokes and a flutter kick.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"swept`</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>aligned from front to back; slanted toward the back; -- used of hair.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> sweptback.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"sword`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, <pos>n.</pos> + <ets>sword</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A sword with one sharp edge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>In England, a stick with a basket handle, used in rustic amusements; also, the game in which the stick is used.  Also called <xex>singlestick</xex>.</def>  <rj><au>Halliwell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"swim`mer</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>any of numerous predaceous aquatic insects of the family <fam>Notonectidae</fam> (such as <styp><spn>Notonecta undulata</spn></styp>) that swim on their backs and may inflict painful bites; -- also called <altname>boat bug</altname>.</def> <au>[RHUD]</au><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back-to-back</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>occurring immediately one after the other; consecutive.</def> <illu><ex>back-to-back</ex> home runs</illu><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> consecutive.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>oriented with the backs toward each other, and sometimes touching.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back" up</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>to move in a reverse direction; -- used of vehicles or animals.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>to accumulate due to a blockage of flow; <as>as, a traffic <ex>backup</ex> due to an accident; a sewage <ex>backup</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back" up</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>to serve as a backup{3} for (another person or persons); <as>as, the patrolmen <ex>backed up</ex> the detectives as they went inside to make the arrest; the center fielder <ex>backed up</ex> the shortstop on the play</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Computers)</fld> <def>to make a backup{5} of; <as>as, the sysop <ex>backed up</ex> the purchasing data files every night</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"up</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>anything kept in reserve to serve as a substitute in case of failure or unavailability of the normal or primary object; -- used for devices, plans, people, etc.  Also used attributively; <as>as, there was no <ex>backup</ex> for the electrical supply; a <ex>backup</ex> motor; a <ex>backup</ex> generator</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Music)</fld> <def>a musician or group of musicians accompanying a soloist, whether vocalists or instrumentalists.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> accompaniment.</syn>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>a person or group of persons serving as reinforcement for another or others; <as>as, the policeman called for <ex>backup</ex> when he was fired on</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>an accumulation, overflow, or reverse flow (in traffic or a liquid flow system) caused by a stoppage or other malfunction.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Computers)</fld> <def>A copy of a program or data from a computer onto a data-storage medium, usually one that may be removed to safe storage at a distance from the computer; it is used to preserve data for use in the contingency that the original data on the computer may be lost or become unusable.  A backup that is removed from the building housing the computer system (to provide protection against loss of data in a disastrous event such as a fire) is called <styp><ecol><b>off-site backup</b></ecol></styp>.  Also used attributively; <as>as, <ex>backup</ex> copy</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Computers)</fld> <def>The act or process of creating a backup{5}; <as>as, they performed a full system <ex>backup</ex> every weekend</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Back"ward</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Back"wards</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, adv. +  <ets>-ward</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>With the back in advance or foremost; <as>as, to ride <ex>backward</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Toward the back; toward the rear; <as>as, to throw the arms <ex>backward</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>On the back, or with the back downward.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Thou wilt fall <qex>backward</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Toward, or in, past time or events; ago.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some reigns <qex>backward</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>By way of reflection; reflexively.</def>  <rj><au>Sir J. Davies.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>From a better to a worse state, as from honor to shame, from religion to sin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The work went <qex>backward</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>In a contrary or reverse manner, way, or direction; contrarily; <as>as, to read <ex>backwards</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We might have . . . beat them <qex>backward</qex> home.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Directed to the back or rear; <as>as, <ex>backward</ex> glances</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating; loath.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>For wiser brutes were <qex>backward</qex> to be slaves.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Not well advanced in learning; not quick of apprehension; dull; inapt; <as>as, a <ex>backward</ex> child</as>.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>backward</xex> learner.&rdquo;  <rj><au>South.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Late or behindhand; <as>as, a <ex>backward</ex> season</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Not advanced in civilization; undeveloped; <as>as, the country or region is in a <ex>backward</ex> state</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>Already past or gone; bygone.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And flies unconscious o'er each <qex>backward</qex> year.</q> <rj><qau>Byron.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state behind or past.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In the dark <qex>backward</qex> and abysm of time.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To keep back; to hinder.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back`war*da"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Backward</ets>, v. t. + <ets>-ation</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Stock Exchange)</fld> <def>The seller's postponement of delivery of stock or shares, with the consent of the buyer, upon payment of a premium to the latter; -- also, the premium so paid. See <er>Contango</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Biddle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"ward*ly</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Reluctantly; slowly; aversely.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir P. Sidney.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Perversely; ill.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And does he think so <qex>backwardly</qex> of me?</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"ward*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of being backward.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"wash`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To clean the oil from (wool) after combing.</def>  <rj><au>Ash.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>To clean (a filter, a chromatography column, a water softener, etc.) by passing liquid through in the reverse of the normal direction of flow.  This procedure dislodges particles which clog the pores of the filter or column packing, removing them from the filter or column.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>back"wash`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The flow of water propelled backward by the propeller, paddle wheel, or oars of a boat.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Aeron.)</fld> <def>The backward flowing air within the wash of an airplane, caused mostly by the engine.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"wa`ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. or adv. + <ets>-water</ets>. ]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Water turned back in its course by an obstruction, an opposing current, or the flow of the tide, as in a sewer or river channel, or across a river bar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An accumulation of water overflowing the low lands, caused by an obstruction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Water thrown back by the turning of a waterwheel, or by the paddle wheels of a steamer.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"woods"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Back</ets>, a. + <ets>woods</ets>.]</ety> <def>The forests or partly cleared grounds on the frontiers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"woods"man</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Backwoodsmen</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>A man living in the forest in or beyond the new settlements, especially on the western frontiers of the United States in former times.</def>  <rj><au>Fisher Ames.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Back"worm`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[2d <ets>back</ets>, n. + <ets>worm</ets>.]</ety> <def>A disease of hawks.  See <er>Filanders</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Wright.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"con</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bacon</ets>, fr. OHG. <ets>bacho</ets>, <ets>bahho</ets>, flitch of bacon, ham; akin to E. <ets>back</ets>.  Cf. <ets>Back</ets> the back side.]</ety> <def>The back and sides of a pig salted and smoked; formerly, the flesh of a pig salted or fresh.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bacon beetle</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a beetle  (<spn>Dermestes lardarius</spn>) which, especially in the larval state, feeds upon bacon, woolens, furs, etc. See <er>Dermestes</er>.</cd> --  <col><b>To save one's bacon</b></col>, <cd>to save one's self or property from harm or loss.</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Bacon</hw>, <hw>Roger Bacon</hw></mhw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>Roger Bacon. A celebrated English philosopher of the thirteenth century.  Born at or near Ilchester, Somersetshire, about 1214: died probably at Oxford in 1294.  He is credited with a recognition of the importance of experiment in answering questions about the natural world, recognized the potential importance of gunpowder and explosives generally, and wrote comments about several of the physical sciences that anticipated facts proven by experiment only much later.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Franciscan monk, Roger Bacon (c. 1214 - 1294) was an important transitional figure in chemistry as he was trained in the alchemical tradition, but introduced many of the modern concepts of experimental science.  Bacon believed that experiment was necessary to support theory, but for him the theory as presented in the Bible was true and the experiment only underlined that truth.  One of Bacon's lasting contributions was his references to gunpowder, bringing this discovery to the general attention of literate Europeans.<br/>
<br/>
   Gunpowder had been known for centuries in China, being used for fireworks and incendiary grenades. Gunpowder is a simple mixture of charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate (known generally as saltpeter). Saltpeter is a major component of guano (bird droppings) and may be recovered from privies where it will crystallize.  By 1324, Europeans had discovered the art of using gunpowder to fire a projectile, marking the end of the period of castles and knights in armor.</q> <qau>Prof. Tom Bitterwolf, Univ. of Idaho (Post-class notes, 1999).</qau><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>Roger Bacon was Born at or near Ilchester, Somersetshire, about 1214: died probably at Oxford in 1294.  He was educated at Oxford and Paris (whence he appears to have returned to England about 1250), and joined the Franciscan order. In 1257 he was sent by his superiors to Paris where he was kept in close confinement for several years. About 1265 he was invited by Pope Clement IV. to write a general treatise on the sciences, in answer to which he composed his chief work, the "Opus Majus." He was in England in 1268. In 1278 his writings were condemned as heretical by a council of his order, in consequence of which he was again placed in confinement. He was at liberty in 1292. Besides the "Opus Majus," his most notable works are "Opus Minus," "Opus Tertium," and "Compendium Philosophiae."  See Siebert, "Roger Bacon," 1861; Held, "Roger Bacon's Praktische Philosophie," 1881; and L. Schneider, "Roger Bacon," 1873.</q> <qau>Century Dict. 1906.</qau><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>  Dr. Whewell says that Roger Bacon's Opus Majus is "the encyclopedia and Novam Organon of the Thirteenth Century, a work equally wonderful with regard to its general scheme and to the special treatises with which the outlines of the plans are filled up.<sb/>  The professed object of the work is to urge the necessity of a reform in the mode of philosophizing, to set forth the reasons why knowledge had not made a greater progress, to draw back attention to the sources of knowledge which had been unwisely neglected, to discover other sources which were yet almost untouched, and to animate men in the undertaking by a prospect of the vast advantages which it offered.<sb/>  In the development of this plan all the leading portions of science are expanded in the most complete shape which they had at that time assumed; and improvements of a very wide and striking kind are proposed in some of the principal branches of study.<sb/>  Even if the work had no leading purposes it would have been highly valuable as a treasure of the most solid knowledge and soundest speculations of the time; even if it bad contained no such details it would have been a work most remarkable for its general views and scope."</q> <qau>James J. Walsh (Thirteenth Greatest of Centuries, 1913.</qau><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Bacon</hw>, <hw>Francis Bacon</hw></mhw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>Francis Bacon. A celebrated English philosopher, jurist, and statesman, son of Sir Nicholas Bacon.
   Born at York House, London, Jan. 22, 1561: died at Highgate, April 9, 1626, created <altname>Baron Verulam</altname> July 12, 1618, and <altname>Viscount St. Albans</altname> Jan. 27, 1621: commonly, but incorrectly, called <altname>Lord Bacon</altname>. 
    He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, April, 1573, to March, 1575, and at Gray's Inn 1575; became attached to the embassy of Sir Amias Paulet in France in 1576; was admitted to the bar in 1582; entered Parliament in 1584; was knighted in 1603; became solicitor-general in 1607, and attorney-general in 1613; was made a privy councilor in 1616, lord keeper in 1617, and lord chancellor in 1618; and was tried in 1621 for bribery, condemned, fined, and removed from office. A notable incident of his career was his connection with the Earl of Essex, which began in July, 1591, remained an intimate friendship until the fall of Essex (1600-01), and ended in Bacon's active efforts to secure the conviction of the earl for treason. (See Essex.)   His great fame rests upon his services as a reformer of the methods of scientific investigation; and though his relation to the progress of knowledge has been exaggerated and misunderstood, his reputation as one of the chief founders of modern inductive science is well grounded.  His chief works are the "Advancement of Learning," published in English as "The Two Books of Francis Bacon of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning Divine and Human," in 1605; the "Novum organum sive indicia vera de interpretatione naturae," published in Latin, 1620, as a "second part" of the (incomplete) "Instauratio magna"; the "De dignitate et 
augmentis scientiarum," published in Latin in 1623; "Historia Ventorum" (1622), "Historia Vitae et Mortis" (1623), "Historia Densi et Rari" (posthumously, 1658), "Sylva Sylvarum" (posthumously, 1627), "New Atlantis," "Essays" (1597, 1612, 1625), "De Sapientia Veterum" (1609), "Apothegms New and Old," "History of Henry VII." (1622). 
Works edited by Ellis, Spedding, and Heath (7 vols. 1857); Life by Spedding 
(7 vols. 1861, 2 vols. 1878). See Shakspere.</def> <au>Century Dict. 1906.</au><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*co"ni*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Lord Francis Bacon, or to his system of philosophy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*co"ni*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who adheres to the philosophy of Lord Bacon.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>One who maintains that Lord Bacon is the author of the works commonly attributed to Shakespeare.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baconian method</b></col>, <cd>the inductive method. See <er>Induction</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bac`ter*e"mi*a</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;r*&emacr;"m&emacr;*&adot_; <it>or</it> b&abreve;k`t&ubreve;*r&emacr;"m&emacr;*&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The presence of bacteria in the blood.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bacteriemia.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacteremic</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to bacteremia.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*a</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <def>See <er>Bacterium</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Of, pertaining to, or caused by bacteria.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ci`dal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Destructive of bacteria.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*cide</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;"r&ibreve_;*s&imacr;d)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Bacterium</ets> + L. <ets>caedere</ets> to kill]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Germicide</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bac*teri*e"mi*a</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&etilde_;r*&emacr;*&emacr;"m&emacr;*&adot_;)</pr> <pos>n.</pos> <def>The presence of bacteria in the blood; same as <er>bacteremia</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"te*rin</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A bacterial vaccine.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*o*log`ic*al</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;`r&ibreve_;*&ouptack_;*l&obreve_;j"&ibreve_;*k&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos>  <def>Of or pertaining to bacteriology; <as>as, <ex>bacteriological</ex> studies</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One skilled in bacteriology.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Bacterium</ets> + <ets>-logy</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>The branch of microbiology relating to bacteria.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bac*te`ri*ol"y*sis</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.; fr. Gr. <grk>bakth`rion</grk>, <grk>bak`tron</grk>, a staff + &unr_; a loosing.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>Chemical decomposition brought about by bacteria without the addition of oxygen.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>The destruction or dissolution of bacterial cells.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Bac*te`ri*o*lyt"ic</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacteriophage</hw> <pos>n. sing. &amp; pl.</pos> <def>a virus which infects bacteria; -- also colloquially called <altname>phage</altname> in laboratory jargon.</def> <note>Bacteriophages are of many varieties, generally specific for one or a narrow range of bacterial species, and almost every bacterium is susceptible to at least one bacteriophage.  They may have DNA or RNA as their genetic component.  Certain types of bacteriophage, called <styp><col><b>temperate bacteriophage</b></col></styp>, may infect but not kill their host bacteria, residing in and replicating either as a plasmid or integrated into the host genome.  Under certain conditions, a resident temperate phage may become induced to multiply rapidly and vegetatively, killing and lysing its host bacterium, and producing multiple progeny.  The <stype>lambda phage</stype> of <spn>Eschericia coli</spn>, much studied in biochemical and genetic research, is of the temperate type.</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>bacteriophagic</hw> <hw>bacteriophagous</hw></mhw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>of or pertaining to bacteriophage.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*o*scop"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Relating to bacterioscopy; <as>as, a <ex>bacterioscopic</ex> examination</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*os"co*pist</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>  <def>One skilled in bacterioscopic examinations.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*os"co*py</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;`r&ibreve_;*&obreve_;s"k&ouptack_;*p&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Bacterium</ets> + <ets>-scopy</ets>; fr. Gr. <grk>bakth`rion</grk>, <grk>ba`ktron</grk>, a staff + <grk>skopei^n</grk> to view.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The application of a knowledge of bacteria for their detection and identification, as in the examination of polluted water.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Microscopic examination or investigation of bacteria.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Bac*te`ri*o*scop"ic</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> -- <wf>*scop"ic*al*ly</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Bac*te`ri*os"co*pist</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacteriostasis</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>inhibition of the growth of bacteria, without outright killing of the organism.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacteriostat</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a chemical or biological material that inhibits bacterial growth.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacteriostatic</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>of or pertaining to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>causing bacteriostasis; -- said of chemical substances, such as certain antibacterial agents.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Substances, such as antibiotics, which inhibit bacterial growth are usually classified as bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal depending on the rate at which bacteria exposed to the agents{4} die.  The rates of death of bacteria exposed to antibacterial agents{4} are, however, dependent on the concentration of the agent{4}, and form a continuum with some antibacterial agents{4} of intermediate type.  The penicillins are considered as typical bactericidal agents, and chloramphenicol or the sulfa drugs as typical bacteriostatic agents.  In general, inhibitors of cell-wall synthesis will be bactericidal and many inhibitors of protein synthesis are classed as bacteriostatic, but some of the aminoglycosides also kill bacteria rapidly.</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacterise</hw> <pos>v.</pos> <def>to subject to the action of bacteria.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bacterize.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*um</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;"r&ibreve_;*&ubreve;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it>  <plw>Bacteria</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;"r&ibreve_;*&adot_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>bakth`rion</grk>, <grk>ba`ktron</grk>, a staff: cf. F. <ets>bact&eacute;rie</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>A microscopic single-celled organism having no distinguishable nucleus, belonging to the kingdom Monera.  Bacteria have varying shapes, usually taking the form of a jointed rodlike filament, or a small sphere, but also in certain cases having a branched form.  Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll, but in those members of the phylum <phylum>Cyanophyta</phylum> (the blue-green algae) other light-absorbing pigments are present.  They are the smallest of microscopic organisms which have their own metabolic processes carried on within cell membranes, viruses being smaller but not capable of living freely.  The bacteria are very widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by spores.  Bacteria may require oxygen for their energy-producing metabolism, and these are called <stype>aerobes</stype>; or may multiply in the absence of oxygen, these forms being <stype>anaerobes</stype>.  Certain species are active agents in fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases.  The branch of science with studies bacteria is <er>bacteriology</er>, being a division of <er>microbiology</er>.  See <er>Bacillus</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bacterize</hw> <pos>v.</pos> <def>to subject to the action of bacteria.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bacterise.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bac"te*roid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bac`te*roid"al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Bacterium</ets> + <ets>-oid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Resembling bacteria; <as>as, <ex>bacteroid</ex> particles</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"tri*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Bactria in Asia.</def> -- <def2><pos>n.</pos>  <def>A native of Bactria.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bactrian camel</b></col>, <cd>the two-humped camel.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"ule</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>See <er>Bascule</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baculiform</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>shaped like a rod.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baccilar, bacillary, bacilliform, rod-shaped.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"u*line</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L.  <ets>baculum</ets> staff.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to the rod or punishment with the rod.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"u*lite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>baculum</ets> stick, staff; cf. F. <ets>baculite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Paleon.)</fld> <def>A cephalopod of the extinct genus <gen>Baculites</gen>, found fossil in the Cretaceous rocks. It is like an uncoiled ammonite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`u*lom"e*try</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <ety>[L. <ets>baculum</ets> staff + <ets>-metry</ets>.]</ety> <def>Measurement of distance or altitude by a staff or staffs.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;d)</pr>, <pos>imp.</pos> <mord>of <er>Bid</er>.</mord>  <def>Bade.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;d)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos>   <amorph>[<pos>Compar.</pos> <adjf>Worse</adjf> <pr>(w&ucirc;s)</pr>; <pos>superl.</pos> <adjf>Worst</adjf> <pr>(w&ucirc;st)</pr>.]</amorph> <ety>[Probably fr. AS. <ets>b&aelig;ddel</ets> hermaphrodite; cf. <ets>b&aelig;dling</ets> effeminate fellow.]</ety> <def>Wanting good qualities, whether physical or moral; injurious, hurtful, inconvenient, offensive, painful, unfavorable, or defective, either physically or morally; evil; vicious; wicked; -- the opposite of <ant>good</ant>; <as>as, a <ex>bad</ex> man; <ex>bad</ex> conduct; <ex>bad</ex> habits; <ex>bad</ex> soil; <ex>bad</ex> air; <ex>bad</ex> health; a <ex>bad</ex> crop; <ex>bad</ex> news</as>.</def><br/>
<note>     Sometimes used substantively.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The strong antipathy of good to <qex>bad</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Pernicious; deleterious; noxious; baneful; injurious; hurtful; evil; vile; wretched; corrupt; wicked; vicious; imperfect.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba`daud"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A person given to idle observation of everything, with wonder or astonishment; a credulous or gossipy idler.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A host of stories . . . dealing chiefly with the subject of his great wealth, an ever delightful topic to the <qex>badauds</qex> of Paris.</q>  <rj><qau>Pall Mall Mag.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"der</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <def><pos>compar.</pos> of <er>Bad</er>, <pos>a.</pos></def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"der*locks</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perh. for <ets>Balderlocks</ets>, fr. <ets>Balder</ets> the Scandinavian deity.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A large black seaweed (<spn>Alaria esculenta</spn>) sometimes eaten in Europe; -- also called <altname>murlins</altname>, <altname>honeyware</altname>, and <altname>henware</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"dish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Somewhat bad; inferior.</def>  <rj><au>Jeffrey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bade</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;d)</pr>. <def>A form of the past tense of <er>Bid</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badge</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;j)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL.  <ets>bagea</ets>, <ets>bagia</ets>, sign, prob. of German origin; cf. AS. <ets>be&aacute;g</ets>, <ets>be&aacute;h</ets>, bracelet, collar, crown, OS. <ets>b&omacr;g-</ets> in comp., AS. <ets>b&umacr;gan</ets> to bow, bend, G.  <ets>biegen</ets>. See <er>Bow</er> to bend.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A distinctive mark, token, sign, or cognizance, worn on the person; <as>as, the <ex>badge</ex> of a society; the <ex>badge</ex> of a policeman</as>.</def>  &ldquo;Tax gatherers, recognized by their official <xex>badges</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Prescott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Something characteristic; a mark; a token.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Sweet mercy is nobility's true <qex>badge</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A carved ornament on the stern of a vessel, containing a window or the representation of one.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badge</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;j)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To mark or distinguish with a badge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badge"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having no badge.</def>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Of uncertain origin; perh. fr. an old verb <ets>badge</ets> to lay up provisions to sell again.]</ety> <def>An itinerant licensed dealer in commodities used for food; a hawker; a huckster; -- formerly applied especially to one who bought grain in one place and sold it in another.</def> <mark>[Now dialectic, Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bageard</ets>, prob. fr. <ets>badge</ets> + <ets>-ard</ets>, in reference to the white mark on its forehead. See <er>Badge</er>,<pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A carnivorous quadruped of the genus <gen>Meles</gen> or of an allied genus.  It is a burrowing animal, with short, thick legs, and long claws on the fore feet.  One species (<spn>Meles meles</spn> <it>or</it> <spn>Meles vulgaris</spn>), called also <altname>brock</altname>, inhabits the north of Europe and Asia; another species (<spn>Taxidea taxus</spn> <it>or</it> <spn>Taxidea Americana</spn> <it>or</it> <spn>Taxidea Labradorica</spn>) inhabits the northern parts of North America.  See <er>Teledu</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A brush made of badgers' hair, used by artists.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Badger dog</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See <er>Dachshund</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Badgered</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Badgering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[For sense 1, see 2d <er>Badger</er>; for 2, see 1st <er>Badger</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To tease or annoy, as a badger when baited; to worry or irritate persistently.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To beat down; to cheapen; to barter; to bargain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who badgers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A kind of dog used in badger baiting.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er game</hw>. <def>The method of blackmailing by decoying a person into a compromising situation and extorting money by threats of exposure.</def> <mark>[Cant]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er*ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of one who badgers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The practice of buying wheat and other kinds of food in one place and selling them in another for a profit.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er-legged`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having legs of unequal length, as the badger was thought to have.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Badger State</hw>. <def>Wisconsin; -- a nickname.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bad`i*a"ga</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;d`&ibreve_;&amacr;"g&adot_; <it>or</it> b&adot_;d*y&auml;"g&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Russ. <ets>badiaga</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A fresh-water sponge <gen>(Spongilla)</gen>, common in the north of Europe, the powder of which is used to take away the livid marks of bruises.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba"di*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>badiane</ets>, fr. Per. <ets>b&amacr;di&amacr;n</ets> anise.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>An evergreen Chinese shrub of the Magnolia family (<spn>Illicium anisatum</spn>), and its aromatic seeds; Chinese anise; star anise.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*di"geon</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*d&ibreve_;j"&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A cement or distemper paste (as of plaster and powdered freestone, or of sawdust and glue or lime) used by sculptors, builders, and workers in wood or stone, to fill holes, cover defects, finish a surface, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba`di`nage"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>badiner</ets> to joke, OF. to trifle, be silly, fr. <ets>badin</ets> silly.]</ety> <def>Playful raillery; banter.</def> &ldquo;He . . . indulged himself only in an elegant <xex>badinage</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Warburton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad" lands"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>Barren regions, especially in the western United States, where horizontal strata (Tertiary deposits) have been often eroded into fantastic forms, and much intersected by ca&ntilde;ons, and where lack of wood, water, and forage increases the difficulty of traversing the country, whence the name, first given by the Canadian French, <ets>Mauvaises Terres</ets> (bad lands).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a bad manner; poorly; not well; unskillfully; imperfectly; unfortunately; grievously; so as to cause harm; disagreeably; seriously.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Badly</xex> is often used colloquially for <xex>very much</xex> or <xex>very greatly</xex>, with words signifying <xex>to want</xex> or <xex>need</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"min*ton</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From the name of the seat of the Duke of Beaufort in England.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A game, similar to lawn tennis, played with shuttlecocks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A preparation of claret, spiced and sweetened.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bad"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of being bad.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>B&aelig;"no*mere</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <ets>-mere</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the somites (arthromeres) that make up the thorax of Arthropods.</def>  <rj><au>Packard.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>B&aelig;"no*pod</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <ets>-pod</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the thoracic legs of Arthropods.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>B&aelig;"no*some</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <ets>-some</ets> body.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The thorax of Arthropods.</def>  <rj><au>Packard.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>B&aelig;"tu*lus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>B&aelig;tuli</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[L., fr. Gr. <grk>bai`tylos</grk> a sacred meteorite.]</ety> <fld>(Antiq.)</fld> <def>A meteorite, or similar rude stone artificially shaped, held sacred or worshiped as of divine origin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>All the evidence goes to prove that these menhirs are <qex>b&aelig;tuli</qex>, i. e., traditional and elementary images of the deity.</q>  <rj><qau>I. Gonino (Perrot &amp; Chipiez).</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baff</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A blow; a stroke; thud.</def> <mark>[Scot.]</mark>  <rj><au>H. Miller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <specif>specif.</specif> <fld>(Golf)</fld>, <def>a stroke  in which the sole of the club hits the ground and drives the ball aloft.</def> <mark>[Scot. or Golf]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baff</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f)</pr>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <ety>[Scot., prob. imitative; cf. G. <ets>baff</ets>, interj. imitating the sound of a shot.]</ety> <def>To strike; to beat; to make a baff.</def> <mark>[Scot. or Golf]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f"f'l)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Baffled</conjf> (-f'ld); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baffling</conjf> <pr>(-fl&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. Lowland Scotch <ets>bauchle</ets> to treat contemptuously, <ets>bauch</ets> tasteless, abashed, jaded, Icel. <ets>b&amacr;gr</ets> uneasy, poor, or <ets>b&amacr;gr</ets>, n., struggle, <ets>b&aelig;gja</ets> to push, treat harshly, OF. <ets>beffler</ets>, <ets>beffer</ets>, to mock, deceive, dial. G. <ets>b&auml;ppe</ets> mouth, <ets>beffen</ets> to bark, chide.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To cause to undergo a disgraceful punishment, as a recreant knight.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He by the heels him hung upon a tree,<br/>
And <qex>baffled</qex> so, that all which passed by<br/>
The picture of his punishment might see.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To check by shifts and turns; to elude; to foil.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The art that <qex>baffles</qex> time's tyrannic claim.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To check by perplexing; to disconcert, frustrate, or defeat; to thwart.</def> &ldquo;A <xex>baffled</xex> purpose.&rdquo;  <rj><au>De Quincey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A suitable scripture ready to repel and <qex>baffle</qex> them all.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Calculations so difficult as to have <qex>baffled</qex>, until within a . . . recent period, the most enlightened nations.</q> <rj><qau>Prescott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The mere intricacy of a question should not <qex>baffle</qex> us.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baffling wind</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>one that frequently shifts from one point to another.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To balk; thwart; foil; frustrate; defeat.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To practice deceit.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Barrow.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To struggle against in vain; <as>as, a ship <ex>baffles</ex> with the winds</as>.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A defeat by artifice, shifts, and turns; discomfiture.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;A <xex>baffle</xex> to philosophy.&rdquo;  <rj><au>South.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Engin.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A deflector, as a plate or wall, so arranged across a furnace or boiler flue as to mingle the hot gases and deflect them against the substance to be heated.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A grating or plate across a channel or pipe conveying water, gas, or the like, by which the flow is rendered more uniform in different parts of the cross section of the stream; -- used in measuring the rate of flow, as by means of a weir.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <fld>(Coal Mining)</fld> <def>A lever for operating the throttle valve of a winding engine.</def> <mark>[Local, U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baffled</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>not understanding.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> uncomprehending.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>discouraged by failure to accomplish a goal and uncertain how to proceed; -- used especially of feelings of defeat and discouragement.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> balked, discomfited, discouraged, frustrated.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle*ment</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f"f'l*m&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The process or act of baffling, or of being baffled; frustration; check.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fler</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f"fl&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, baffles.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 112 pr=SA --></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fling</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f"fl&ibreve_;ng)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Frustrating; discomfiting; disconcerting; <as>as, <ex>baffling</ex> currents, winds, tasks</as>.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Baff"ling*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Baff"ling*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baff"y</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;f"&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Baff</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Golf)</fld> <def>A short wooden club having a deeply concave face, seldom used.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baft</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;ft)</pr>. <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Bafta</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"ta</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;f"t&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Per. <ets>baft</ets> woven, wrought.]</ety> <def>A coarse stuff, usually of cotton, originally made in India.  Also, an imitation of this fabric made for export.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;g)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bagge</ets>; cf. Icel. <ets>baggi</ets>, and also OF. <ets>bague</ets>, bundle, LL. <ets>baga</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A sack or pouch, used for holding anything; <as>as, a <ex>bag</ex> of meal or of money</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A sac, or dependent gland, in animal bodies, containing some fluid or other substance; <as>as, the <ex>bag</ex> of poison in the mouth of some serpents; the <ex>bag</ex> of a cow</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A sort of silken purse formerly tied about men's hair behind, by way of ornament.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The quantity of game bagged.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Com.)</fld> <def>A certain quantity of a commodity, such as it is customary to carry to market in a sack; <as>as, a <ex>bag</ex> of pepper or hops; a <ex>bag</ex> of coffee</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bag and baggage</b></col>, <cd>all that belongs to one.</cd> -- <col><b>To give one the bag</b></col>, <cd>to disappoint him.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bunyan.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bagged</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;gd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bagging</conjf>]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To put into a bag; <as>as, to <ex>bag</ex> hops</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To seize, capture, or entrap; <as>as, to <ex>bag</ex> an army; to <ex>bag</ex> game</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To furnish or load with a bag or with a well filled bag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A bee <qex>bagged</qex> with his honeyed venom.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To swell or hang down like a full bag; <as>as, the skin <ex>bags</ex> from containing morbid matter</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To swell with arrogance.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To become pregnant.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Warner. (Alb. Eng.).</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*gasse"</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*g&abreve;s")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>Sugar cane, as it comes crushed from the mill. It is then dried and used as fuel. Also extended to the refuse of beetroot sugar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bag`a*telle"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;g`&adot_;*t&ebreve_;l")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. It. <ets>bagatella</ets>; cf. Prov. It. <ets>bagata</ets> trifle, OF. <ets>bague</ets>, Pr. <ets>bagua</ets>, bundle. See <er>Bag</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A trifle; a thing of no importance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Rich trifles, serious <qex>bagatelles</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A game played on an oblong board, having, at one end, cups or arches into or through which balls are to be driven by a rod held in the hand of the player.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ba"gel</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"g'l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Yiddish <ets>beygl</ets>, prob. fr. dial. G. <ets>Beugel</ets>. <au>RHUD</au>]</ety> <def>a glazed leavened doughnut-shaped roll with a hard crust.</def> <note>A similar roll in Russia is called a <it>bublik</it>.</note><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bag"ful</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;g"f&usdot_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quantity that a bag will hold; <as>as, he ate a <ex>bagful</ex> of popcorn</as>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bag.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bag"gage</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;g"g&auptack_;j)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bagage</ets>, from OF. <ets>bague</ets> bundle.  In senses 6 and 7 cf. F. <ets>bagasse</ets> a prostitute. See <er>Bag</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The clothes, tents, utensils, and provisions of an army.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; &ldquo;The term itself is made to apply chiefly to articles of clothing and to small personal effects.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Farrow.</au></rj></note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The trunks, valises, satchels, etc., which a traveler carries with him on a journey; luggage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The baronet's <qex>baggage</qex> on the roof of the coach.</q> <rj><qau>Thackeray.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We saw our <qex>baggage</qex> following below.</q> <rj><qau>Johnson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The English usually call this <altname>luggage</altname>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Purulent matter.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Barrough.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Trashy talk.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Ascham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A man of bad character.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A woman of loose morals; a prostitute.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A disreputable, daring, laughing, painted French <qex>baggage</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Thackeray.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A romping, saucy girl.</def> <mark>[Playful]</mark>  <rj><au>Goldsmith.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"gage mas`ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>One who has charge of the baggage at a railway station or upon a line of public travel.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"ga*ger</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who takes care of baggage; a camp follower.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir W. Raleigh.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bag"ga*la</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ar. &ldquo;fem. of <ets>baghl</ets> a mule.&rdquo; <au>Balfour</au>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A two-masted Arab or Indian trading vessel, used in the Indian Ocean.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"gi*ly</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a loose, baggy way.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"ging</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Cloth or other material for bags.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The act of putting anything into, or as into, a bag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The act of swelling; swelling.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"ging</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Etymol. uncertain.]</ety> <def>Reaping peas, beans, wheat, etc., with a chopping stroke.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"gy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Resembling a bag; loose or puffed out, or pendent, like a bag; flabby; <as>as, <ex>baggy</ex> trousers; <ex>baggy</ex> cheeks</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag" la`dy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>a homeless woman who carries all her possessions with her in bags.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"man</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bagmen</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>A commercial traveler; one employed to solicit orders for manufacturers and tradesmen.</def>  <rj><au>Thackeray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag" net`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;g" n&ebreve_;t`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A bag-shaped net for catching fish.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bagn"io</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>bagno</ets>, fr. L. <ets>balneum</ets>. Cf. <er>Bain</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A house for bathing, sweating, etc.; -- also, in Turkey, a prison for slaves.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A brothel; a stew; a house of prostitution.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"pipe</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A musical wind instrument, now used chiefly in the Highlands of Scotland.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; It consists of a leather bag, which receives the air by a tube that is stopped by a valve; and three sounding pipes, into which the air is pressed by the performer. Two of these pipes produce fixed tones, namely, the bass, or key tone, and its fifth, and form together what is called the <part>drone</part>; the third, or <part>chanter</part>, gives the melody.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"pipe</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To make to look like a bagpipe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To bagpipe the mizzen</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>to lay it aback by bringing the sheet to the mizzen rigging.</cd>  <rj><au>Totten.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"pip`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who plays on a bagpipe; a piper.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"reef`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Bag</ets> + <ets>reef</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>The lower reef of fore and aft sails; also, the upper reef of topsails.</def>  <rj><au>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bague</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., a ring]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>The annular molding or group of moldings dividing a long shaft or clustered column into two or more parts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba*guet"</hw>, <hw>Ba*guette"</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baguette</ets>, prop. a rod&unr_; It. <ets>bacchetta</ets>, fr. L. <ets>baculum</ets>, <ets>baculu&unr_;</ets> stick, staff.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A small molding, like the astragal, but smaller; a bead.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l)</fld> <def>One of the minute bodies seen in the divided nucleoli of some Infusoria after conjugation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"wig"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A wig, in use in the 18th century, with the hair at the back of the head in a bag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"worm`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of several lepidopterous insects which construct, in the larval state, a baglike case which they carry about for protection. One species (<spn>Plat&oelig;ceticus Gloveri</spn>) feeds on the orange tree. See <er>Basket worm</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bah</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>interj.</pos> <def>An exclamation expressive of extreme contempt.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Twenty-five years ago the vile ejaculation, <qex>Bah</qex>! was utterly unknown to the English public.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Ba*ha"dur</hw>   &Verbar;<hw>Ba*hau"dur</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <altsp>[Written also <asp>bahawder</asp>.]</altsp> <ety>[Hind. <ets>bah&amacr;dur</ets> hero, champion.]</ety> <def>A title of respect or honor given to European officers in East Indian state papers, and colloquially, and among the natives, to distinguished officials and other important personages.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*hai"</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*h&imacr;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <er>Bahais</er> <pr>(-h&imacr;z)</pr>.</plu> <def>A member of the sect of the Babis consisting of the adherents of <persfn>Baha</persfn> (<person>Mirza Husain Ali</person>, entitled &ldquo;Baha 'u 'llah,&rdquo; or, &ldquo;the Splendor of God&rdquo;), the elder half brother of <person>Mirza Yahya</person> of Nur, who succeeded the Bab as the head of the Babists.  <persfn>Baha</persfn> in 1863 declared himself the supreme prophet of the sect, and became its recognized head.  There are upwards of 20,000 Bahais in the United States.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ha"ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The religious tenets or practices of the Bahais.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*har"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ar. <ets>bah&amacr;r</ets>, from <ets>bahara</ets> to charge with a load.]</ety> <def>A weight used in certain parts of the East Indies, varying considerably in different localities, the range being from 223 to 625 pounds.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bahrain</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an island in the Persian Gulf.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahrein.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>an island country in the Persian Gulf.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahrein.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bahraini</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a native or inhabitant of Bahrain.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahreini.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bahraini</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>of or pertaining to Bahrain (definition 2).</def> <illu>The <ex>Bahraini</ex> ruling families</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Bahrain.</def> <illu><ex>Bahraini</ex> beaches.</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bahrein</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>an island in the Persian Gulf; same as <er>Bahrain</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahrain.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>an island country in the Persian Gulf.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahrain.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bahreini</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a native or inhabitant of Bahrain.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bahraini.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Bai</hw>, <hw>Baic</hw></mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a language spoken in the Dali region of Yunnan.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Baic.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baigne</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;n)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baigner</ets> to bathe, fr. L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath.]</ety> <def>To soak or drench.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><qau>Carew.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bai`gnoire"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <altsp>[Written also <asp>baignoir</asp>.]</altsp> <ety>[F., lit., bath tub.]</ety> <def>A box of the lowest tier in a theater.</def>  <rj><au>Du Maurier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baille</ets> a bucket, pail; cf. LL. <ets>bacula</ets>, dim. of <ets>bacca</ets> a sort of vessel.  Cf. <er>Bac</er>.]</ety> <def>A bucket or scoop used in bailing water out of a boat.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>bail</qex> of a canoe . . . made of a human skull.</q> <rj><qau>Capt. Cook.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bailed</conjf> <pr>(b&amacr;ld)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bailing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To lade; to dip and throw; -- usually with <xex>out</xex>; <as>as, to <ex>bail</ex> water out of a boat</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Buckets . . . to <qex>bail</qex> out the water.</q> <rj><qau>Capt. J. Smith.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To dip or lade water from; -- often with <xex>out</xex> to express completeness; <as>as, to <ex>bail</ex> a boat</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>By the help of a small bucket and our hats we <qex>bailed</qex> her out.</q> <rj><qau>R. H. Dana, Jr.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bailler</ets> to give, to deliver, fr. L. <ets>bajulare</ets> to bear a burden, keep in custody, fr. <ets>bajulus</ets> he who bears burdens.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To deliver; to release.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ne none there was to rescue her, ne none to <qex>bail</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>To set free, or deliver from arrest, or out of custody, on the undertaking of some other person or persons that he or they will be responsible for the appearance, at a certain day and place, of the person bailed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The word is applied to the magistrate or the surety. The magistrate <xex>bails</xex> (but <xex>admits to bail</xex> is commoner) a man when he liberates him from arrest or imprisonment upon bond given with sureties. The surety <xex>bails</xex> a person when he procures his release from arrest by giving bond for his appearance.</note>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>To deliver, as goods in trust, for some special object or purpose, upon a contract, expressed or implied, that the trust shall be faithfully executed on the part of the bailee, or person intrusted; <as>as, to <ex>bail</ex> cloth to a tailor to be made into a garment; to <ex>bail</ex> goods to a carrier</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone. Kent.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bail</ets> guardian, administrator, fr. L. <ets>bajulus</ets>. See <er>Bail</er> to deliver.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Custody; keeping.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Silly Faunus now within their <qex>bail</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The person or persons who procure the release of a prisoner from the custody of the officer, or from imprisonment, by becoming surety for his appearance in court.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>bail</qex> must be real, substantial bondsmen.</q> <rj><qau>Blackstone.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A. and B. were <qex>bail</qex> to the arrest in a suit at law.</q> <rj><qau>Kent.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>The security given for the appearance of a prisoner in order to obtain his release from custody of the officer; <as>as, the man is out on <ex>bail</ex>; to go <ex>bail</ex> for any one</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Excessive <qex>bail</qex> ought not to be required.</q> <rj><qau>Blackstone.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>beyl</ets>; cf. Dan. <ets>b&ouml;ile</ets> a bending, ring, hoop, Sw. <ets>b&ouml;gel</ets>, <ets>bygel</ets>, and Icel. <ets>beyla</ets> hump, swelling, akin to E. <ets>bow</ets> to bend.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The arched handle of a kettle, pail, or similar vessel, usually movable.</def>  <rj><au>Forby.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A half hoop for supporting the cover of a carrier's wagon, awning of a boat, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bail</ets>, <ets>baille</ets>. See <er>Bailey</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> (Usually <pluf>pl.</pluf>) <def>A line of palisades serving as an exterior defense.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>bayle</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The outer wall of a feudal castle. Hence: The space inclosed by it; the outer court.</def>  <rj><au>Holinshed.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A certain limit within a forest.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A division for the stalls of an open stable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Cricket)</fld> <def>The top or cross piece (or either of the two cross pieces) of the wicket.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"a*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having the right or privilege of being admitted to bail, upon bond with sureties; -- used of persons.</def> &ldquo;He's <xex>bailable</xex>, I'm sure.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Ford.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Admitting of bail; <as>as, a <ex>bailable</ex> offense</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>That can be delivered in trust; <as>as, <ex>bailable</ex> goods</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail" bond`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l" b&obreve_;nd`)</pr>. <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A bond or obligation given by a prisoner and his surety, to insure the prisoner's appearance in court, at the return of the writ.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Special bail in court to abide the judgment.</def>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail`ee"</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l`&emacr;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>baill&eacute;</ets>, p. p. of <ets>bailler</ets>. See <er>Bail</er> to deliver.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The person to whom goods are committed in trust, and who has a temporary possession and a qualified property in them, for the purposes of the trust.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In penal statutes the word includes those who receive goods for another in good faith.</note>  <rj><au>Wharton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>See <er>Bailor</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"er</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who bails or lades.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A utensil, as a bucket or cup, used in bailing; a machine for bailing water out of a pit.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bai"ley</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[The same word as <ets>bail</ets> line of palisades; cf. LL. <ets>ballium</ets> bailey, OF. <ets>bail</ets>, <ets>baille</ets>, a palisade, <ets>baillier</ets> to inclose, shut.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The outer wall of a feudal castle.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The space immediately within the outer wall of a castle or fortress.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A prison or court of justice; -- used in certain proper names; <as>as, the <ex>Old Bailey</ex> in London; the <ex>New Bailey</ex> in Manchester</as>.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Oxf. Gloss.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"ie</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bailiff</er>.]</ety> <def>An officer in Scotland, whose office formerly corresponded to that of sheriff, but now corresponds to that of an English alderman.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"iff</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l"&ibreve_;f)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>baillif</ets>, F. <ets>bailli</ets>, custodian, magistrate, fr. L. <ets>bajulus</ets> porter. See <er>Bail</er> to deliver.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, a person put in charge of something; especially, a chief officer, magistrate, or keeper, as of a county, town, hundred, or castle; one to whom powers of custody or care are intrusted.</def>  <rj><au>Abbott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Lausanne is under the canton of Berne, governed by a <qex>bailiff</qex> sent every three years from the senate.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Eng. Law)</fld> <def>A sheriff's deputy, appointed to make arrests, collect fines, summon juries, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In American law the term <xex>bailiff</xex> is seldom used except sometimes to signify a sheriff's officer or constable, or a party liable to account to another for the rent and profits of real estate.</note>  <rj><au>Burrill.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>An overseer or under steward of an estate, who directs husbandry operations, collects rents, etc.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"iff*wick</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bailiwick</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"i*wick</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Bailie</ets>, <ets>bailiff</ets> + <ets>wick</ets> a village.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The precincts within which a bailiff has jurisdiction; the limits of a bailiff's authority.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"lie</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Bailiff.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Same as <er>Bailie</er>.</def> <mark>[Scot.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"ment</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The action of bailing a person accused.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Bailment</qex> . . . is the saving or delivery of a man out of prison before he hath satisfied the law.</q> <rj><qau>Dalton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A delivery of goods or money by one person to another in trust, for some special purpose, upon a contract, expressed or implied, that the trust shall be faithfully executed.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In a general sense it is sometimes used as comprehending all duties in respect to property.</note>  <rj><au>Story.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail`or"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>One who delivers goods or money to another in trust.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"piece`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A piece of parchment, or paper, containing a recognizance or bail bond.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bai"ly's beads</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <def>A row of bright spots observed in connection with total eclipses of the sun. Just before and after a total eclipse, the slender, unobscured crescent of the sun's disk appears momentarily like a row of bright spots resembling a string of beads. The phenomenon (first fully described by Francis Baily, 1774 -- 1844) is thought to be an effect of irradiation, and of inequalities of the moon's edge.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bain</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;n; as F., b&abreve;N)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bain</ets>, fr. L. <ets>balneum</ets>. Cf. <er>Bagnio</er>.]</ety> <def>A bath; a bagnio.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bain`-ma`rie"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A vessel for holding hot water in which another vessel may be heated without scorching its contents; -- used for warming or preparing food or pharmaceutical preparations.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bai*ram"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Turk. <ets>ba&iuml;r&amacr;m</ets>.]</ety> <def>Either of two Mohammedan festivals, of which one (the <stype>Lesser Bairam</stype>) is held at the close of the fast called Ramadan, and the other (the <stype>Greater Bairam</stype>) seventy days after the fast.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bairn</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;rn)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Scot. <ets>bairn</ets>, AS. <ets>bearn</ets>, fr. <ets>beran</ets> to bear; akin to Icel., OS., &amp; Goth. <ets>barn</ets>. See <er>Bear</er> to support.]</ety> <def>A child.</def> <mark>[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Has he not well provided for the <qex>bairn</qex>?</q> <rj><qau>Beau. &amp; Fl.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baise"mains`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>baiser</ets> to kiss + <ets>mains</ets> hands.]</ety> <def>Respects; compliments.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Icel. <ets>beita</ets> food, <ets>beit</ets> pasture, akin to AS. <ets>b&amacr;t</ets> food, Sw. <ets>bete</ets>. See <er>Bait</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Any substance, esp. food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, inclosure, or net.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Anything which allures; a lure; enticement; temptation.</def>  <rj><au>Fairfax.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A portion of food or drink, as a refreshment taken on a journey; also, a stop for rest and refreshment.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A light or hasty luncheon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bait bug</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a crustacean of the genus <gen>Hippa</gen> found burrowing in sandy beaches. See <er>Anomura</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Baited</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baiting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>baiten</ets>, <ets>beit&emacr;n</ets>, to feed, harass, fr. Icel. <ets>beita</ets>, orig., to cause to bite, fr. <ets>b&imacr;ta</ets>.  &radic;87.  See <er>Bite</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To provoke and harass; esp., to harass or torment for sport; <as>as, to <ex>bait</ex> a bear with dogs; to <ex>bait</ex> a bull</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To give a portion of food and drink to, upon the road; <as>as, to <ex>bait</ex> horses</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To furnish or cover with bait, as a trap or hook.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A crooked pin . . . <qex>baited</qex> with a vile earthworm.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To stop to take a portion of food and drink for refreshment of one's self or one's beasts, on a journey.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Evil news rides post, while good news <qex>baits</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>My lord's coach conveyed me to Bury, and thence <qex>baiting</qex> at Newmarket.</q> <rj><qau>Evelyn.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>battre de l'aile</ets> (or <ets>des ailes</ets>), to flap or flutter. See <er>Batter</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <def>To flap the wings; to flutter as if to fly; or to hover, as a hawk when she stoops to her prey.</def> &ldquo;Kites that <xex>bait</xex> and beat.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bait"er</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who baits; a tormentor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baiting</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;t"&ibreve_;ng)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>harassment, especially of a tethered animal.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baize</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;z)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[For <ets>bayes</ets>, pl. fr. OF. <ets>baie</ets>; cf. F. <ets>bai</ets> bay-colored. See <er>Bay</er> a color.]</ety> <def>A coarse woolen stuff with a long nap; -- usually dyed in plain colors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A new black <qex>baize</qex> waistcoat lined with silk.</q> <rj><qau>Pepys.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*joc"co</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It., fr. <ets>bajo</ets> brown, bay, from its color.]</ety> <def>A small copper coin formerly current in the Roman States, worth about a cent and a half.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;k)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Baked</conjf> <pr>(b&amacr;kt)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baking</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[AS. <ets>bacan</ets>; akin to D. <ets>bakken</ets>, OHG. <ets>bacchan</ets>, G. <ets>backen</ets>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <ets>baka</ets>, Dan. <ets>bage</ets>, Gr. <grk>fw`gein</grk> to roast.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To prepare, as food, by cooking in a dry heat, either in an oven or under coals, or on heated stone or metal; <as>as, to <ex>bake</ex> bread, meat, apples</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Baking</xex> is the term usually applied to that method of cooking which exhausts the moisture in food more than roasting or broiling; but the distinction of meaning between roasting and baking is not always observed.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To dry or harden (anything) by subjecting to heat, <as>as, to <ex>bake</ex> bricks; the sun <ex>bakes</ex> the ground</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To harden by cold.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The earth . . . is <qex>baked</qex> with frost.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They <qex>bake</qex> their sides upon the cold, hard stone.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To do the work of baking something; <as>as, she brews, washes, and <ex>bakes</ex></as>.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To be baked; to become dry and hard in heat; <as>as, the bread <ex>bakes</ex>; the ground <ex>bakes</ex> in the hot sun</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The process, or result, of baking.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baked</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;kt)</pr>, <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>2.</sn> <def>dried out by heat or excessive exposure to sunlight.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> adust, parched, scorched, sunbaked.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>cooked with dry heat in an oven; -- of bread and pastries.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bake"house`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;k"hous`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>b&aelig;ch&umacr;s</ets>. See <er>Bake</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, and <er>House</er>.]</ety> <def>A house for baking; a bakery.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bakelite</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a thermosetting plastic used in electric insulators and for making plastic ware and telephone receivers etc.</def> <mark>[trademark]</mark> <br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 113 pr=SA --></p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bake"meat`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;k"m&emacr;t`)</pr>, <hw>Baked"-meat`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;kt"-)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A pie; baked food.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Gen. xl. 17.</au> <au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"en</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <def><pos>p. p.</pos> of <er>Bake</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs. or Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>b&aelig;cere</ets>. See <er>Bake</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One whose business it is to bake bread, biscuit, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A portable oven in which baking is done.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>A baker's dozen</b></col>, <cd>thirteen.</cd> -- <col><b>Baker foot</b></col>, <cd>a distorted foot.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Jer. Taylor.</au> -- <col><b>Baker's itch</b></col>, <cd>a rash on the back of the hand, caused by the irritating properties of yeast.</cd> -- <col><b>Baker's salt</b></col>, <cd>the subcarbonate of ammonia, sometimes used instead of soda, in making bread.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"er-legged`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having legs that bend inward at the knees.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"er*y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The trade of a baker.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A place for baking bread; a bakehouse.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act or process of cooking in an oven, or of drying and hardening by heat or cold.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The quantity baked at once; a batch; <as>as, a <ex>baking</ex> of bread</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baking powder</b></col>, <cd>a substitute for yeast, usually consisting of an acid, a carbonate, and a little farinaceous matter.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a hot or baking manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"is*tre</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Baxter</er>.]</ety> <def>A baker.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Bak"sheesh`</hw>, <hw>Bak"shish`</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Backsheesh</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baksheesh</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter).  Same as <er>Backsheesh</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> gratuity, tip, bakshish, bakshis, backsheesh.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bakshis</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter).  Same as <er>Backsheesh</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> gratuity, tip, baksheesh, bakshish, backsheesh.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bakshish</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter).  Same as <er>Backsheesh</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> gratuity, tip, baksheesh, bakshis, backsheesh.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"laam</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A paragraph describing something wonderful, used to fill out a newspaper column; -- an allusion to the miracle of Balaam's ass speaking.</def> <au>Numb. xxii. 30.</au> <mark>[Cant]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balaam basket or box</b></col> <fld>(Print.)</fld>, <cd>the receptacle for rejected articles.</cd>  <rj><au>Blackw. Mag.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal"a*chong</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Malay <ets>b&amacr;lach&amacr;n</ets>.]</ety> <def>A condiment formed of small fishes or shrimps, pounded up with salt and spices, and then dried. It is much esteemed in China.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balaclava</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>close-fitting and woolen and covers all of the head but the face.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> balaclava helmet.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaena</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>type genus of the Balaenidae: Greenland whales.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Balaena.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaeniceps</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>type genus of the Balaenicipitidae: shoebills.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Balaeniceps.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaenicipitidae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a family comprising the shoebills.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> family Balaenicipitidae.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaenidae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a family comprising the right whales.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> family Balaenidae.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal`&aelig;*noi"de*a</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., from L. <ets>balaena</ets> whale + <ets>-oid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l)</fld> <def>A division of the Cetacea, including the right whale and all other whales having the mouth fringed with baleen. See <er>Baleen</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaenoptera</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the type genus of the Balaenopteridae.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Balaenoptera.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balaenopteridae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>rorquals; blue whales.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> family Balaenopteridae.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balalaika</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Russian.]</ety><def>a stringed instrument of Russian origin that has a triangular body and three strings.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&aitalic_;ns)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>balaunce</ets>, F. <ets>balance</ets>, fr. L. <ets>bilanx</ets>, <ets>bilancis</ets>, having two scales; <ets>bis</ets> twice (akin to E. <sig>two</sig>) + <ets>lanx</ets> plate, scale.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An apparatus for weighing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In its simplest form, a balance consists of a beam or lever supported exactly in the middle, having two scales or basins of equal weight suspended from its extremities.  Another form is that of the <xex>Roman balance</xex>, our steelyard, consisting of a lever or beam, suspended near one of its extremities, on the longer arm of which a counterpoise slides. The name is also given to other forms of apparatus for weighing bodies, as to the combinations of levers making up platform scales; and even to devices for weighing by the elasticity of a spring.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Act of weighing mentally; comparison; estimate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A fair <qex>balance</qex> of the advantages on either side.</q> <rj><qau>Atterbury.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Equipoise between the weights in opposite scales.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The state of being in equipoise; equilibrium; even adjustment; steadiness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And hung a bottle on each side<br/>
To make his <qex>balance</qex> true.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The order and <qex>balance</qex> of the country were destroyed.</q> <rj><qau>Buckle.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>English workmen completely lose their <qex>balance</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>J. S. Mill.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>An equality between the sums total of the two sides of an account; <as>as, to bring one's accounts to a <ex>balance</ex></as>; -- also, the excess on either side; <as>as, the <ex>balance</ex> of an account</as>.</def>  &ldquo;A <xex>balance</xex> at the banker's.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Thackeray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I still think the <qex>balance</qex> of probabilities leans towards the account given in the text.</q> <rj><qau>J. Peile.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Horol.)</fld> <def>A balance wheel, as of a watch, or clock. See <er>Balance wheel</er> (in the Vocabulary).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The constellation <xex>Libra</xex>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The seventh sign in the Zodiac, called <xex>Libra</xex>, which the sun enters at the equinox in September.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>A movement in dancing. See <er>Balance</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, 8.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balance electrometer</b></col>, <cd>a kind of balance, with a poised beam, which indicates, by weights suspended from one arm, the mutual attraction of oppositely electrified surfaces.</cd> <au>Knight.</au> -- <col><b>Balance fish</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l)</fld> <cd>See <er>Hammerhead</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance knife</b></col>, <cd>a carving or table knife the handle of which overbalances the blade, and so keeps it from contact with the table.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance of power</b></col> <fld>(Politics)</fld>, <cd>such an adjustment of power among sovereign states that no one state is in a position to interfere with the independence of the others; international equilibrium; also, the ability (of a state or a third party within a state) to control the relations between sovereign states or between dominant parties in a state.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance sheet</b></col> <fld>(Bookkeeping)</fld>, <cd>a paper showing the balances of the open accounts of a business, the debit and credit balances footing up equally, if the system of accounts be complete and the balances correctly taken.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer mounted as a balance so that the movement of the mercurial column changes the inclination of the tube.  With the aid of electrical or mechanical devices adapted to it, it is used for the automatic regulation of the temperature of rooms warmed artificially, and as a fire alarm.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance of torsion</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Torsion Balance</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance of trade</b></col> <fld>(Pol. Econ.)</fld>, <cd>an equilibrium between the money values of the exports and imports of a country; or more commonly, the amount required on one side or the other to make such an equilibrium.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve whose surfaces are so arranged that the fluid pressure tending to seat, and that tending to unseat, the valve, are nearly in equilibrium; esp., a puppet valve which is made to operate easily by the admission of steam to both sides. See <er>Puppet valve</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrostatic balance</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Hydrostatic</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay in balance</b></col>, <cd>to put up as a pledge or security.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Chaucer.</au> -- <col><b>To strike a balance</b></col>, <cd>to find out the difference between the debit and credit sides of an account.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&aitalic_;ns)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Balanced</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&aitalic_;nst)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Balancing</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&aitalic_;n*s&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[From <er>Balance</er>, <pos>n.</pos>: cf. F. <ets>balancer</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To bring to an equipoise, as the scales of a balance by adjusting the weights; to weigh in a balance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To support on a narrow base, so as to keep from falling; <as>as, to <ex>balance</ex> a plate on the end of a cane; to <ex>balance</ex> one's self on a tight rope</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To equal in number, weight, force, or proportion; to counterpoise, counterbalance, counteract, or neutralize.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>One expression . . . must check and <qex>balance</qex> another.</q> <rj><qau>Kent.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To compare in relative force, importance, value, etc.; to estimate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Balance</qex> the good and evil of things.</q> <rj><qau>L'Estrange.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To settle and adjust, as an account; to make two accounts equal by paying the difference between them.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I am very well satisfied that it is not in my power to <qex>balance</qex> accounts with my Maker.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>To make the sums of the debits and credits of an account equal; -- said of an item; <as>as, this payment, or credit, <ex>balances</ex> the account</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>To arrange accounts in such a way that the sum total of the debits is equal to the sum total of the credits; <as>as, to <ex>balance</ex> a set of books</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Dancing)</fld> <def>To move toward, and then back from, reciprocally; <as>as, to <ex>balance</ex> partners</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>To contract, as a sail, into a narrower compass; <as>as, to <ex>balance</ex> the boom mainsail</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balanced valve</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Balance valve</er>, under <er>Balance</er>, <pos>n.</pos></cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To poise; weigh; adjust; counteract; neutralize; equalize.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To have equal weight on each side; to be in equipoise; <as>as, the scales <ex>balance</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To fluctuate between motives which appear of equal force; to waver; to hesitate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He would not <qex>balance</qex> or err in the determination of his choice.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Dancing)</fld> <def>To move toward a person or couple, and then back.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*a*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Such as can be balanced.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal"anced</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>being in a state of proper balance or equilibrium; -- opposite of <ant>unbalanced</ant>.</def> <illu>the carefully <ex>balanced</ex> seesaw</illu> <illu>a properly <ex>balanced</ex> symphony orchestra</illu> <illu>a <ex>balanced</ex> assessment of intellectual and cultural history</illu> <illu>a <ex>balanced</ex> blend of whiskeys</illu> <illu>the educated man shows a <ex>balanced</ex> development of all his powers</illu> [Narrower terms: <stype>counterbalanced, counter-balanced, counterpoised</stype>; <stype>well-balanced</stype>; <stype>poised</stype>] [Related terms: <hascons>stable --- (maintaining equilibrium)</hascons>]<br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*ment</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act or result of balancing or adjusting; equipoise; even adjustment of forces.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Darwin.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"an*cer</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who balances, or uses a balance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>In Diptera, the rudimentary posterior wing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*reef`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>The last reef in a fore-and-aft sail, taken to steady the ship.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance wheel`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Horology)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A wheel which regulates the beats or pulses of a watch or chronometer, answering to the pendulum of a clock; -- often called simply a <altname>balance</altname>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A ratchet-shaped scape wheel, which in some watches is acted upon by the axis of the balance wheel proper (in those watches called a <xex>balance</xex>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mach.)</fld> <def>A wheel which imparts regularity to the movements of any engine or machine; a fly wheel.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`a*nif"er*ous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balanus</ets> acorn + <ets>-ferous</ets>.]</ety> <def>Bearing or producing acorns.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*nite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balanus</ets> acorn: cf. F. <ets>balanite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Paleon.)</fld> <def>A fossil balanoid shell.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal`a*no*glos"sus</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`lanos</grk> acorn + <grk>glw^ssa</grk> tongue.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l)</fld> <def>A peculiar marine worm. See <er>Enteropneusta</er>, and <er>Tornaria</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*noid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`lanos</grk> acorn + <ets>-oid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Resembling an acorn; -- applied to a group of barnacles having shells shaped like acorns. See <er>Acornshell</er>, and <er>Barnacle</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"as ru`by</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[OE. <ets>bales</ets>, <ets>balais</ets>, F. <ets>balais</ets>, LL. <ets>balascus</ets>, fr. Ar. <ets>balakhsh</ets>, so called from <ets>Badakhshan</ets>, <ets>Balashan</ets>, or <ets>Balaxiam</ets>, a place in the neighborhood of Samarkand, where this ruby is found.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A variety of spinel ruby, of a pale rose red, or inclining to orange. See <er>Spinel</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp., prob. fr. native name.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>A West Indian sapotaceous tree (<spn>Bumelia retusa</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>The bully tree (<spn>Minusops globosa</spn>); also, its milky juice (<prod><col><b>balata gum</b></col></prod>), which when dried constitutes an elastic gum called <altname>chicle</altname>, or <altname>chicle gum</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*laus"tine</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balaustium</ets>, Gr. <grk>balay`stion</grk>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The pomegranate tree (<spn>Punica granatum</spn>).  The bark of the root, the rind of the fruit, and the flowers are used medicinally.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba`la`yeuse"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., lit., a female sweeper.]</ety> <def>A protecting ruffle or frill, as of silk or lace, sewed close to the lower edge of a skirt on the inside.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bal*bu"ti*ate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bal*bu"ci*nate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balbutire</ets>, fr. <ets>balbus</ets> stammering: cf. F. <ets>balbutier</ets>.]</ety> <def>To stammer.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal*bu"ti*es</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The defect of stammering; also, a kind of incomplete pronunciation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"con</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A balcony.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Pepys.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"co*nied</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having balconies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"co*ny</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"k&ouptack_;*n&ybreve_;; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Balconies</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"k&ouptack_;*n&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[It. <ets>balcone</ets>; cf. It. <ets>balco</ets>, <ets>palco</ets>, scaffold, fr. OHG. <ets>balcho</ets>, <ets>palcho</ets>, beam, G. <ets>balken</ets>. See <er>Balk</er> beam.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A platform projecting from the wall of a building, usually resting on brackets or consoles, and inclosed by a parapet; <as>as, a <ex>balcony</ex> in front of a window</as>. Also, a projecting gallery in places of amusement; <as>as, the <ex>balcony</ex> in a theater</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A projecting gallery once common at the stern of large ships.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; &ldquo;The accent has shifted from the second to the first syllable within these twenty years.&rdquo;</note>  <rj><au>Smart (1836).</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;ld)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>balled</ets>, <ets>ballid</ets>, perh. the p. p. of <ets>ball</ets> to reduce to the roundness or smoothness of a ball, by removing hair. &radic;85.  But cf. W. <ets>bali</ets> whiteness in a horse's forehead.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Destitute of the natural or common covering on the head or top, as of hair, feathers, foliage, trees, etc.; <as>as, a <ex>bald</ex> head; a <ex>bald</ex> oak</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>On the <qex>bald</qex> top of an eminence.</q> <rj><qau>Wordsworth.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Destitute of ornament; unadorned; bare; literal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In the preface to his own <qex>bald</qex> translation.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Undisguised.</def> &ldquo; <xex>Bald</xex> egotism.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Lowell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Destitute of dignity or value; paltry; mean.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Destitute of a beard or awn; <as>as, <ex>bald</ex> wheat</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Destitute of the natural covering.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Marked with a white spot on the head; bald-faced.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bald buzzard</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the fishhawk or osprey.</cd> -- <col><b>Bald coot</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a name of the European coot (<spn>Fulica atra</spn>), alluding to the bare patch on the front of the head.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"da*chin</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>baldachinus</ets>, <ets>baldechinus</ets>, a canopy of rich silk carried over the host; fr. <ets>Bagdad</ets>, It. <ets>Baldacco</ets>, a city in Turkish Asia from whence these rich silks came: cf. It. <ets>baldacchino</ets>. Cf. <er>Baudekin</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A rich brocade; baudekin.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A structure in form of a canopy, sometimes supported by columns, and sometimes suspended from the roof or projecting from the wall; generally placed over an altar; <as>as, the <ex>baldachin</ex> in St. Peter's</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn>  <def>A portable canopy borne over shrines, etc., in procession.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><altsp>[Written also <asp>baldachino</asp>, <asp>baldaquin</asp>, etc.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald" ea"gle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The white-headed eagle (<spn>Hali&aelig;etus leucocephalus</spn>) of America. The young, until several years old, lack the white feathers on the head.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The <xex>bald eagle</xex> is represented in the coat of arms, and on the coins, of the United States.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"der</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l"d&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[Icel. <ets>Baldr</ets>, akin to E. <ets>bold</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Scan. Myth.)</fld> <def>The most beautiful and beloved of the gods; the god of peace; the son of <persfn>Odin</persfn> and <persfn>Freya</persfn>.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>Baldur</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"der*dash</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Of uncertain origin: cf. Dan. <ets>balder</ets> noise, clatter, and E. <ets>dash</ets>; hence, perhaps, unmeaning noise, then hodgepodge, mixture; or W. <ets>baldorduss</ets> a prattling, <ets>baldordd</ets>, <ets>baldorddi</ets>, to prattle.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A worthless mixture, especially of liquors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Indeed beer, by a mixture of wine, hath lost both name and nature, and is called <qex>balderdash</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Taylor (Drink and Welcome).</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>Senseless jargon; ribaldry; nonsense; trash.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"der*dash</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To mix or adulterate, as liquors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The wine merchants of Nice brew and <qex>balderdash</qex>, and even<br/>
mix it with pigeon's dung and quicklime.</q> <rj><qau>Smollett.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"-faced`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having a white face or a white mark on the face, as a stag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"head`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A person whose head is bald.</def>  <rj><au>2 Kings ii. 23.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A white-headed variety of pigeon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>bald"head`ed</hw>, <hw>bald"-head`ed</hw></mhw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having a bald head; lacking hair on all or most of the scalp; -- alsp called <altname>bald</altname> and <altname>bald-pated</altname>; <as>as, a <ex>bald-headed</ex> gentleman</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Nakedly; without reserve; inelegantly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state or condition of being bald; <as>as, <ex>baldness</ex> of the head; <ex>baldness</ex> of style</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This gives to their syntax a peculiar character of simplicity and <qex>baldness</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>W. D. Whitney.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"pate`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A baldheaded person.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The American widgeon (<spn>Anas Americana</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bald"pate`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bald"pat`ed</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Destitute of hair on the head; baldheaded.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"rib`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A piece of pork cut lower down than the sparerib, and destitute of fat.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Southey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"dric</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baudric</ets>, <ets>bawdrik</ets>, through OF. (cf. F. <ets>baudrier</ets> and LL. <ets>baldringus</ets>, <ets>baldrellus</ets>), from OHG. <ets>balderich</ets>, cf. <ets>balz</ets>, <ets>palz</ets>, akin to E. <ets>belt</ets>. See <er>Belt</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A broad belt, sometimes richly ornamented, worn over one shoulder, across the breast, and under the opposite arm; it is used to support a sword or bugle by the left hip; less properly, any belt.</def>  <altsp>[Also spelt <asp>bawdrick</asp> and <asp>baldrick</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><q>A radiant <qex>baldric</qex> o'er his shoulder tied<br/>
Sustained the sword that glittered at his side.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bald"win</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A kind of reddish, moderately acid, winter apple.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baldy</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a person who has a bald head; -- a deprecatory term.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baldhead, baldpate.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bale</ets>, OF. <ets>bale</ets>, F. <ets>balle</ets>, LL. <ets>bala</ets>, fr. OHG. <ets>balla</ets>, <ets>palla</ets>, <ets>pallo</ets>, G. <ets>ball</ets>, <ets>balle</ets>, <ets>ballen</ets>, ball, round pack; cf. D. <ets>baal</ets>. Cf. <er>Ball</er> a round body.]</ety> <def>A bundle or package of goods in a cloth cover, and corded for storage or transportation; also, a bundle of straw, hay, etc., put up compactly for transportation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bale of dice</b></col>, <cd>a pair of dice.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Baled</conjf> <pr>(b&amacr;ld)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To make up in a bale.</def>  <rj><au>Goldsmith.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>See <er>Bail</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, to lade.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 114 pr=SA --></p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>bealo</ets>, <ets>bealu</ets>, <ets>balu</ets>; akin to OS. <ets>balu</ets>, OHG. <ets>balo</ets>, Icel. <ets>b&ouml;l</ets>, Goth. <ets>balweins</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Misery; calamity; misfortune; sorrow.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let now your bliss be turned into <qex>bale</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Evil; an evil, pernicious influence; something causing great injury.</def> <mark>[Now chiefly poetic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`e*ar"ic</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l`&euptack_;*&abreve;r"&ibreve_;k)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Balearicus</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>baliarei^s</grk> the Balearic Islands.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to the isles of Majorca, Minorca, Ivica, etc., in the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Valencia.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balearic crane</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See <er>Crane</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*leen"</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*l&emacr;n")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baleine</ets> whale and whalebone, L. <ets>balaena</ets> a whale; cf. Gr. <grk>fa`laina</grk>. ]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Com.)</fld> <def>Plates or blades of &ldquo;whalebone,&rdquo; from two to twelve feet long, and sometimes a foot wide, which in certain whales (<fam>Bal&aelig;noidea</fam>) are attached side by side along the upper jaw, and form a fringelike sieve by which the food is retained in the mouth.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale"fire`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l"f&imacr;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>b&aemacr_;lf&ymacr_;r</ets> the fire of the funeral pile; <ets>b&aemacr_;l</ets> fire, flame (akin to Icel. <ets>b&amacr;l</ets>, OSlav. <ets>b&emacr;l&ubreve;</ets>, white, Gr. <grk>falo`s</grk> bright, white, Skr. <ets>bh&amacr;la</ets> brightness) + <ets>f&ymacr_;r</ets>, E. <ets>fire</ets>.]</ety> <def>A signal fire; an alarm fire.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Sweet Teviot! on thy silver tide<br/>
The glaring <qex>balefires</qex> blaze no more.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;l"f&usdot_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>bealoful</ets>. See <er>Bale</er> misery.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Full of deadly or pernicious influence; destructive.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Baleful</xex> enemies.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Four infernal rivers that disgorge<br/>
Into the burning lake their <qex>baleful</qex> streams.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Full of grief or sorrow; woeful; sad.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a baleful manner; perniciously.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being baleful.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal"i*sa`ur</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&ibreve_;*s&auml;`&oomacr_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Hind.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A badgerlike animal of India (<spn>Arctonyx collaris</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"is*ter</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"&ibreve_;s*t&etilde_;r <it>or</it> b&adot_;*l&ibreve_;s"t&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>balestre</ets>. See <er>Ballista</er>.]</ety> <def>A crossbow.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Blount.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balistidae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a natural family comprising the triggerfishes.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> family <fam>Balistidae</fam>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"is*toid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Like a fish of the genus <gen>Balistes</gen>; of the family <fam>Balistid&aelig;</fam>. See <er>Filefish</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal`is*tra"ri*a</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL.]</ety> <fld>(Anc. Fort.)</fld> <def>A narrow opening, often cruciform, through which arrows might be discharged.</def>  <rj><au>Parker.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*lize"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>balise</ets>; cf. Sp. <ets>balisa</ets>.]</ety> <def>A pole or a frame raised as a sea beacon or a landmark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>balca</ets> beam, ridge; akin to Icel. <ets>b&amacr;lkr</ets> partition, <ets>bj&amacr;lki</ets> beam, OS. <ets>balko</ets>, G. <ets>balken</ets>; cf. Gael. <ets>balc</ets> ridge of earth between two furrows. Cf. <er>Balcony</er>, <er>Balk</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, 3d <er>Bulk</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A ridge of land left unplowed between furrows, or at the end of a field; a piece missed by the plow slipping aside.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Bad plowmen made <qex>balks</qex> of such ground.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A great beam, rafter, or timber; esp., the tie-beam of a house. The loft above was called &ldquo;the balks.&rdquo;</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Tubs hanging in the <qex>balks</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>One of the beams connecting the successive supports of a trestle bridge or bateau bridge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A hindrance or disappointment; a check.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>balk</qex> to the confidence of the bold undertaker.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A sudden and obstinate stop; a failure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Baseball)</fld> <def>A deceptive gesture of the pitcher, as if to deliver the ball.  It is illegal and is penalized by allowing the runners on base to advance one base.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balk line</b></col> <fld>(Billiards)</fld>, <cd>a line across a billiard table near one end, marking a limit within which the cue balls are placed in beginning a game; also, a line around the table, parallel to the sides, used in playing a particular game, called the <xex>balk line</xex> game.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Balked</conjf> <pr>(b&asuml_;kt)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Balking</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[From <er>Balk</er> a beam; orig. to put a balk or beam in one's way, in order to stop or hinder. Cf., for sense 2, AS. <xex>on balcan legan</xex> to lay in heaps.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To leave or make balks in.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Gower.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To leave heaped up; to heap up in piles.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ten thousand bold Scots, two and twenty knights,<br/>
<qex>Balk'd</qex> in their own blood did Sir Walter see.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To omit, miss, or overlook by chance.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To miss intentionally; to avoid; to shun; to refuse; to let go by; to shirk.</def> <mark>[Obs. or Obsolescent]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>By reason of the contagion then in London, we <qex>balked</qex> the inns.</q>  <rj><qau>Evelyn.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Sick he is, and keeps his bed, and <qex>balks</qex> his meat.</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Hall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Nor doth he any creature <qex>balk</qex>,<br/>
But lays on all he meeteth.</q> <rj><qau>Drayton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To disappoint; to frustrate; to foil; to baffle; to thwart; <as>as, to <ex>balk</ex> expectation</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They shall not <qex>balk</qex> my entrance.</q> <rj><qau>Byron.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To engage in contradiction; to be in opposition.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In strifeful terms with him to <qex>balk</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To stop abruptly and stand still obstinately; to jib; to stop short; to swerve; <as>as, the horse <ex>balks</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This has been regarded as an Americanism, but it occurs in Spenser's  &ldquo;Fa&euml;rie Queene,&rdquo; Book IV., 10, xxv.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ne ever ought but of their true loves talkt,<br/>
Ne ever for rebuke or blame of any <qex>balkt</qex>.</q><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Baseball)</fld> <def>to commit a balk{6}; -- of a pitcher.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Prob. from D. <ets>balken</ets> to bray, bawl.]</ety> <def>To indicate to fishermen, by shouts or signals from shore, the direction taken by the shoals of herring.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balkanize</hw> <pos>v.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>to divide a territory into small, hostile states.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balkans</hw> <pos>prop. n. pl.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The countries occupying the Balkan Peninsula.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Balkan countries, Balkan nations, Balkan states.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The Balkan mountains.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balked</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn>  <def>Same as <er>baffled</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baffled, discomfited, discouraged, frustrated.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See 2d <er>Balk</er>.]</ety> <def>One who, or that which, balks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See last <er>Balk</er>.]</ety> <def>A person who stands on a rock or eminence to espy the shoals of herring, etc., and to give notice to the men in boats which way they pass; a conder; a huer.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balkiness</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>likely to stop abruptly and unexpectedly.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balkline</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>line across a billiard table behind which the cue balls are placed at the start of a game.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baulk line, string line.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a manner to balk or frustrate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk"ish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Uneven; ridgy.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holinshed.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balk"y</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;k"&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Apt to balk; <as>as, a <ex>balky</ex> horse</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bal</ets>, <ets>balle</ets>; akin to OHG. <ets>balla</ets>, <ets>palla</ets>, G. <ets>ball</ets>, Icel. <ets>b&ouml;llr</ets>, ball; cf. F. <ets>balle</ets>. Cf. 1st <er>Bale</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, <er>Pallmall</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Any round or roundish body or mass; a sphere or globe; <as>as, a <ex>ball</ex> of twine; a <ex>ball</ex> of snow</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A spherical body of any substance or size used to play with, as by throwing, knocking, kicking, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A general name for games in which a ball is thrown, kicked, or knocked. See <er>Baseball</er>, and <er>Football</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Any solid spherical, cylindrical, or conical projectile of lead or iron, to be discharged from a firearm; <as>as, a cannon <ex>ball</ex>; a rifle <ex>ball</ex></as>; -- often used collectively; <as>as, powder and <ex>ball</ex></as>. Spherical balls for the smaller firearms are commonly called <stype>bullets</stype>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Pyrotechnics &amp; Mil.)</fld> <def>A flaming, roundish body shot into the air; a case filled with combustibles intended to burst and give light or set fire, or to produce smoke or stench; <as>as, a fire <ex>ball</ex>; a stink <ex>ball</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Print.)</fld> <def>A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a <xex>ballstock</xex>; -- formerly used by printers for inking the form, but now superseded by the roller.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A roundish protuberant portion of some part of the body; <as>as, the <ex>ball</ex> of the thumb; the <ex>ball</ex> of the foot</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <def>A large pill, a form in which medicine is commonly given to horses; a bolus.</def>  <rj><au>White.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <def>The globe or earth.</def>  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Move round the dark terrestrial <qex>ball</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <fld>(Baseball)</fld> <def>A pitched ball, not struck at by the batter, which fails to pass over the home plate at a height not greater than the batter's shoulder nor less than his knee (i.e. it is outside the strike zone).  If the pitcher pitches four balls before three strikes are called, the batter advances to first base, and the action of pitching four balls is called a <partof>walk</partof>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <def>a testicle; usually used in the plural.</def> <mark>[vulgar]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>11.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>courage; nerve.</def> <mark>[vulgar]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Ball and socket joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint in which a ball moves within a socket, so as to admit of motion in every direction within certain limits.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball bearings</b></col>, <cd>a mechanical device for lessening the friction of axle bearings by means of small loose metal balls.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge containing a ball, as distinguished from a blank cartridge, containing only powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball cock</b></col>, <cd>a faucet or valve which is opened or closed by the fall or rise of a ball floating in water at the end of a lever.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball gudgeon</b></col>, <cd>a pivot of a spherical form, which permits lateral deflection of the arbor or shaft, while retaining the pivot in its socket.</cd> <au>Knight.</au> -- <col><b>Ball lever</b></col>, <cd>the lever used in a ball cock.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball of the eye</b></col>, <cd>the eye itself, as distinguished from its lids and socket; -- formerly, the pupil of the eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball valve</b></col> <fld>(Mach.)</fld>, <cd>a contrivance by which a ball, placed in a circular cup with a hole in its bottom, operates as a valve.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball vein</b></col> <fld>(Mining)</fld>, <cd>a sort of iron ore, found in loose masses of a globular form, containing sparkling particles.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Three balls</b></col>, or <col><b>Three golden balls</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a pawnbroker's sign or shop.</cd>  -- <col><b>on the ball</b></col> <cd>alert; competent and knowledgeable.</cd>   -- <col><b>to carry the ball</b></col> <cd>to carry on the task; to assume the responsibility.</cd> -- <col><b>to drop the ball</b></col> <cd>to fail to perform as expected; to fail to live up to a responsibility.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- See <er>Globe</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Balled</conjf> <pr>(b&asuml_;ld)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Balling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To gather balls which cling to the feet, as of damp snow or clay; to gather into balls; <as>as, the horse <ex>balls</ex>; the snow <ex>balls</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Metal.)</fld> <def>To heat in a furnace and form into balls for rolling.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To form or wind into a ball; <as>as, to <ex>ball</ex> cotton</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bal</ets>, fr. OF. <ets>baler</ets> to dance, fr. LL. <ets>ballare</ets>.  Of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. <grk>ba`llein</grk> to toss or throw, or <grk>pa`llein</grk>, <grk>pa`llesqai</grk>, to leap, bound, <grk>balli`zein</grk> to dance, jump about; or cf. 1st <er>Ball</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A social assembly for the purpose of dancing; -- usually applied to an occasion lavish or formal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A very enjoyable time; <as>as, we had a <ex>ball</ex> at the wedding</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>balade</ets>, OF. <ets>balade</ets>, F. <ets>ballade</ets>, fr. Pr. <ets>ballada</ets> a dancing song, fr. <ets>ballare</ets> to dance; cf. It. <ets>ballata</ets>. See 2d <er>Ball</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and <er>Ballet</er>.]</ety> <def>A popular kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; <as>as, the <ex>ballad</ex> of Chevy Chase</as>; esp., a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To make or sing ballads.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To make mention of in ballads.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*lade"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ballad</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A form of French versification, sometimes imitated in English, in which three or four rhymes recur through three stanzas of eight or ten lines each, the stanzas concluding with a refrain, and the whole poem with an envoy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A writer of ballads.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad mon`ger</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[See <er>Monger</er>.]</ety> <def>A seller or maker of ballads; a poetaster.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Ballad</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>Ballad poems; the subject or style of ballads.</def> &ldquo;Base <xex>balladry</xex> is so beloved.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Drayton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bal"la*hoo</hw>, <hw>Bal"la*hou</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&adot_;*h&oomacr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A fast-sailing schooner, used in the Bermudas and West Indies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"la*rag</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&adot_;*r&abreve;g)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Corrupted fr. <ets>bullirag</ets>.]</ety> <def>To bully; to threaten.</def> <mark>[Low]</mark>  <rj><au>T. Warton.</au></rj><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bullirag; bullyrag.</syn>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"last</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&aitalic_;st)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>ballast</ets>; akin to Dan. <ets>baglast</ets>, <ets>ballast</ets>, OSw. <ets>barlast</ets>, Sw. <ets>ballast</ets>. The first part is perh. the same word as E. <ets>bare</ets>, adj.; the second is <ets>last</ets> a burden, and hence the meaning <ets>a bare</ets>, or <ets>mere</ets>, <ets>load</ets>. See <er>Bare</er>, <pos>a.</pos>, and <er>Last</er> load.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>Any heavy substance, as stone, iron, etc., put into the hold to sink a vessel in the water to such a depth as to prevent capsizing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any heavy matter put into the car of a balloon to give it steadiness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Gravel, broken stone, etc., laid in the bed of a railroad to make it firm and solid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The larger solids, as broken stone or gravel, used in making concrete.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Fig.: That which gives, or helps to maintain, uprightness, steadiness, and security.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It [piety] is the right <qex>ballast</qex> of prosperity.</q> <rj><qau>Barrow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Ballast engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine used in excavating and for digging and raising stones and gravel for ballast.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship in ballast</b></col>, <cd>a ship carrying only ballast.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"last</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Ballasted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Ballasting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To steady, as a vessel, by putting heavy substances in the hold.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To fill in, as the bed of a railroad, with gravel, stone, etc., in order to make it firm and solid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To keep steady; to steady, morally.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>'T is charity must <qex>ballast</qex> the heart.</q> <rj><qau>Hammond.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"last*age</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A toll paid for the privilege of taking up ballast in a port or harbor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"last*ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>That which is used for steadying anything; ballast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"la*try</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Balladry</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balled</hw> <pos>adj. prenom.</pos> <def>formed or gathered into a ball.</def> <illu><ex>balled</ex> cotton</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballerina</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A female ballet dancer.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> danseuse.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal"let`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&auptack_;` <it>or</it> b&abreve;l"l&ebreve_;t; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., a dim. of <ets>bal</ets> dance. See 2d <er>Ball</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An artistic dance performed as a theatrical entertainment, or an interlude, by a number of persons, usually women. Sometimes, a scene accompanied by pantomime and dancing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The company of persons who perform the ballet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A light part song, or madrigal, with a <xex>fa la</xex> burden or chorus, -- most common with the Elizabethan madrigal composers; -- also spelled <asp>ballett</asp>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>A bearing in coats of arms, representing one or more balls, which are denominated bezants, plates, etc., according to color.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balletic</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of or pertaining to ballet{1}.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal"let` mas"ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>a man who trains ballet dancers.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal"let` mis"tress</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>a woman who trains ballet dancers.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balletomane</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a ballet enthusiast.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballet slipper</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a heelless slipper specifically designed to be worn by ballet dancers while dancing.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball"-flow`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>An ornament resembling a ball placed in a circular flower, the petals of which form a cup round it, -- usually inserted in a hollow molding.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ball-hawking</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <fld>(Baseball or basketball or football)</fld> <def>skilled in stealing the ball or robbing a batter of a hit; -- used of a Baseball or basketball or football player.</def> <illu>a <ex>ball-hawking</ex> center fielder</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal*lis"ta</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Ballist&aelig;</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>ballista</ets>, <ets>balista</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>ba`llein</grk> to throw.]</ety> <def>An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lis*ter</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&ibreve_;s*t&etilde_;r <it>or</it> b&abreve;l*l&ibreve_;s"t&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ballista</ets>. Cf. <er>Balister</er>.]</ety> <def>A crossbow.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*lis"tic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ballista, or to the art of hurling stones or missile weapons by means of an engine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Pertaining to ballistics{2}, or to a projectile in a gravitational field.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>frenzied; very angry; -- used mostly in the phrase <col><b>go ballistic</b></col>.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Ballistic pendulum</b></col>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a mass of wood or other material suspended as a pendulum, for measuring the force and velocity of projectiles by means of the arc through which their impact impels it.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal*lis"tic mis`sile</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A rocket-propelled missile of long range which is guided only during the powered portion of its flight, which usually takes only a small part of the total flight time; -- contrasted with <contr>guided missile</contr>.</def> <note>Ballistic missiles are sometimes referred to by their range, such as an <styp><col><b>intercontinental ballistic missile</b></col></styp> (<stype>ICBM</stype>) or an <styp><col><b>intermediate range ballistic missile</b></col></styp> (<stype>IRBM</stype>).</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*lis"tics</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>balistique</ets>. See <er>Ballista</er>.]</ety> <def>The science or art of hurling missile weapons by the use of an engine.</def>  <rj><au>Whewell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The science treating the motion of projectiles in flight, especially when they are in free fall within the earth's gravitational field.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The study of the characteristics of a cartridge fired from a firearm, and of the processes occurring during the discharge of a firearm.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The division within a police department which studies the characteristics of cartridges fired from a firearm; the ballistics department.  The characteristics of the weapons and bullets fired may be used as evidence in criminal investigations.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lis*tite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ballista</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A smokeless powder containing equal parts of soluble nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal"li*um</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL.]</ety> <def>See <er>Bailey</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>ballon</ets>, aug. of <ets>balle</ets> ball: cf. It. <ets>ballone</ets>. See 1st <er>Ball</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and cf. <er>Pallone</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A bag made of silk or other light material, and filled with hydrogen gas or heated air, so as to rise and float in the atmosphere; especially, one with a car attached for a&euml;rial navigation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A ball or globe on the top of a pillar, church, etc., as at St. Paul's, in London.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A round vessel, usually with a short neck, to hold or receive whatever is distilled; a glass vessel of a spherical form.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Pyrotechnics)</fld> <def>A bomb or shell.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A game played with a large inflated ball.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Engraving)</fld> <def>The outline inclosing words represented as coming from the mouth of a pictured figure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Air balloon</b></col>, <cd>a balloon for a&euml;rial navigation.</cd> -- <col><b>Balloon frame</b></col> <fld>(Carp.)</fld>, <cd>a house frame constructed altogether of small timber.</cd> -- <col><b>Balloon net</b></col>, <cd>a variety of woven lace in which the weft threads are twisted in a peculiar manner around the warp.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To take up in, or as if in, a balloon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To go up or voyage in a balloon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To expand, or puff out, like a balloon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*looned"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Swelled out like a balloon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who goes up in a balloon; an a&euml;ronaut.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>bal*loon"fish`</hw>, <hw>bal*loon" fish`</hw></mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A fish of the genus <gen>Diodon</gen> (such as <spn>Diodon holocanthus</spn>) or the genus <gen>Tetraodon</gen>, having the power of distending its body by taking air or water into its dilatable esophagus.  It is similar to but smaller than the porcupinefish.  See <er>Globefish</er>, and <er>Bur fish</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The art or practice of managing balloons or voyaging in them; the sport of riding in balloons.</def><br/>
<syn>balloonry (archaic)</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Stock Exchange)</fld> <def>The process of temporarily raising the value of a stock, as by fictitious sales.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ing spi"der</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A spider which has the habit of rising into the air.  Many kinds (esp. species of <gen>Lycosa</gen>) do this while young by ejecting threads of silk until the force of the wind upon them carries the spider aloft.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An a&euml;ronaut.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The art or practice of ascending in a balloon; an older term for <er>ballooning</er>.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&ubreve;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>ballotte</ets>, fr. It. <ets>ballotta</ets>. See <er>Ball</er> round body.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, a ball used for secret voting. Hence: Any printed or written ticket used in voting.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The act of secret voting, whether by balls, written or printed ballots or tickets, or by use of a voting machine; the system of voting secretly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>The insufficiency of the <qex>ballot</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Dickens.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 115 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The whole number of votes cast at an election, or in a given territory or electoral district.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>the official list of candidates competing in an election.</def>  <illu>There are no women on the <ex>ballot</ex>.</illu><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Ballot box</b></col>, <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>a box for receiving ballots.</cd>  <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>the act, process or system of voting secretly; same as <er>ballot</er>{2}.</cd> &ldquo;The question will be resolved by the <ex>ballot box</ex>.&rdquo;</cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&ubreve;t)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Balloted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Balloting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>ballotter</ets> to toss, to ballot, or It. <ets>ballottare</ets>. See <er>Ballot</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To vote or decide by ballot; <as>as, to <ex>ballot</ex> for a candidate</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To vote for or in opposition to.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>None of the competitors arriving to a sufficient number of balls, they fell to <qex>ballot</qex> some others.</q> <rj><qau>Sir H. Wotton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lo*tade`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&ouptack_;*t&auml;d` <it>or</it> b&abreve;l"l&ouptack_;*t&amacr;d`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>ballottade</ets>, fr. <ets>ballotter</ets> to toss. See <er>Ballot</er>, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Man.)</fld> <def>A leap of a horse, as between two pillars, or upon a straight line, so that when his four feet are in the air, he shows only the shoes of his hind feet, without jerking out.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot*age</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>ballottage</ets>.]</ety> <def>In France, a second ballot taken after an indecisive first ballot to decide between two or several candidates; a <altname>runoff election</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`lo*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Voting by ballot.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir H. Wotton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who votes by ballot.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lo*tin</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>An officer who has charge of a ballot box.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Harrington.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"low</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A cudgel.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballplayer</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an athlete who plays baseball.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baseball player.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballpoint</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a pen which has a small metal ball as point of transfer of ink to paper, at the tip of a cylandrical and non-refillable reservoir of ink; -- short for <altname>ballpoint pen</altname>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ballpoint pen, ballpen, Biro.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball"proof`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Incapable of being penetrated by balls from firearms; bulletproof.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ball"room`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A room for balls or dancing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balls</hw>, <pos>interj.</pos> <def>nonsense.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ball-shaped</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>shaped like a sphere.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> global, globose, globular, orbicular, spheric, spherical.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balls-up</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>something badly botched or muddled; a foul-up.</def> <mark>[British]</mark> <br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ballup, cockup, mess-up, foul-up.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballup</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>same as <er>balls-up</er>.</def> <mark>[British]</mark> <br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> balls-up, cockup, mess-up, foul-up.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bally</hw> <pos>adj. prenom.</pos> <def>an informal intensifier.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> blinking(prenominal), bloody(prenominal), crashing(prenominal), flaming(prenominal), fucking(prenominal)[vulgar].</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal"ly*hoo</hw> <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>ballyhooed</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>ballyhooing</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.]</vmorph> <def>to advertize or publicize noisily or blatantly.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal"ly*hoo</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>noisy or blatant advertizing or publicity.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ballyrag</hw> <pos>v.</pos> <def>to be bossy towards; same as <er>bullyrag</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> strong-arm, bully, browbeat, bullyrag, bullirag, ballarag, boss around, hector, push around.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balm</hw> <pr>(b&auml;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baume</ets>, OF. <ets>bausme</ets>, <ets>basme</ets>, F. <ets>baume</ets>, L. <ets>balsamum</ets> balsam, from Gr. <grk>ba`lsamon</grk>; perhaps of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. <ets>b&amacr;s&amacr;m</ets>. Cf. <er>Balsam</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>An aromatic plant of the genus <gen>Melissa</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The resinous and aromatic exudation of certain trees or shrubs.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Any fragrant ointment.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Anything that heals or that mitigates pain.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Balm</xex> for each ill.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Mrs. Hemans.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balm cricket</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the European cicada.</cd> <au>Tennyson.</au> -- <col><b>Balm of Gilead</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a small evergreen African and Asiatic tree of the terebinthine family (<spn>Balsamodendron Gileadense</spn>). Its leaves yield, when bruised, a strong aromatic scent; and from this tree is obtained the <xex>balm of Gilead</xex> of the shops, or <xex>balsam of Mecca</xex>. This has a yellowish or greenish color, a warm, bitterish, aromatic taste, and a fragrant smell. It is valued as an unguent and cosmetic by the Turks. The fragrant herb <spn>Dracocephalum Canariense</spn> is familiarly called <xex>balm of Gilead</xex>, and so are the American trees, <spn>Populus balsamifera</spn>, variety <varn>candicans</varn> (balsam poplar), and <spn>Abies balsamea</spn> (balsam fir).</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balm</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To anoint with balm, or with anything medicinal.</def> <specif>Hence:</specif> <def>To soothe; to mitigate.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balm"i*fy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Balm</ets> + <ets>-fy</ets>.]</ety> <def>To render balmy.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Cheyne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balm"i*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a balmy manner.</def>  <rj><au>Coleridge.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*mor"al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <ets>Balmoral</ets> Castle, in Aberdeenshire, Scotland.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A long woolen petticoat, worn immediately under the dress.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A kind of stout walking shoe, laced in front.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A man who uses his <qex>balmorals</qex> to tread on your toes.</q> <rj><qau>George Eliot.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balm"y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having the qualities of balm; odoriferous; aromatic; assuaging; soothing; refreshing; mild; <as>as, <ex>balmy</ex> weather</as>.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>balmy</xex> breeze.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Tickell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Tired nature's sweet restorer, <qex>balmy</qex> sleep!</q> <rj><qau>Young.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Producing balm.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>balmy</xex> tree.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Highly eccentric or crazy.</def> <mark>[Informal]</mark><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> batty.</syn><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Fragrant; sweet-scented; odorous; spicy; refreshing; soothing.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a bath.</def>  <rj><au>Howell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*a*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balnearium</ets>, fr. <ets>balneum</ets> bath.]</ety> <def>A bathing room.</def>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*a"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>balneare</ets> to bathe, fr. L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath.]</ety> <def>The act of bathing.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*a*to*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balneatorius</ets>.]</ety> <def>Belonging to a bath.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*og"ra*phy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath + <ets>-graphy</ets>.]</ety> <def>A description of baths.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*ol"o*gy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath + <ets>-logy</ets>.]</ety> <def>A treatise on baths; the science of bathing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bal`ne*o*ther"a*py</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balneum</ets> bath + Gr. <grk>qerapey`ein</grk> to heal.]</ety> <def>The treatment of disease by baths.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ba*lo"ney</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <ety>[Believed to be derived form <ets>balogna</ets>, but perhaps also influenced by <ets>blarney</ets>.]</ety> <def>nonsense; foolishness; bunk; -- also used as an interjection.</def> <altsp>[Also spelled <asp>boloney</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[slang]</mark><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>No matter how thin you slice it, it's still <qex>baloney</qex>!</q> <rj><qau>Al Smith.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>informal variant of <er>bologna{2}</er>, for <altname>bologna sausage</altname>.</def> <mark>[informal]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*op"ti*con</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>balei^n</grk> to throw + <ets>stereopticon</ets>.]</ety> <def>See <er>Projector</er>, below.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"o*tade`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;l"l&ouptack_;*t&auml;d` <it>or</it> b&abreve;l"l&ouptack_;*t&amacr;d`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Ballotade</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bal"sa</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. or Pg. <ets>balsa</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A raft or float, used principally on the Pacific coast of South America.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l"s&aitalic_;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>balsamum</ets> the balsam tree or its resin, Gr. <grk>ba`lsamon</grk>. See <er>Balm</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A resin containing more or less of an essential or volatile oil.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The balsams are aromatic resinous substances, flowing spontaneously or by incision from certain plants. A great variety of substances pass under this name, but the term is now usually restricted to resins which, in addition to a volatile oil, contain benzoic and cinnamic acid. Among the true balsams are the balm of Gilead, and the balsams of copaiba, Peru, and Tolu. There are also many pharmaceutical preparations and resinous substances, possessed of a balsamic smell, to which the name <xex>balsam</xex> has been given.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A species of tree (<spn>Abies balsamea</spn>).</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>An annual garden plant (<spn>Impatiens balsamina</spn>) with beautiful flowers; balsamine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Anything that heals, soothes, or restores.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Was not the people's blessing a <qex>balsam</qex> to thy blood?</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Balsam apple</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>an East Indian plant (<spn>Momordica balsamina</spn>), of the gourd family, with red or orange-yellow cucumber-shaped fruit of the size of a walnut, used as a vulnerary, and in liniments and poultices.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam fir</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>the American coniferous tree, <spn>Abies balsamea</spn>, from which the useful Canada balsam is derived.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of copaiba</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Copaiba</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of Mecca</b></col>, <cd>balm of Gilead.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of Peru</b></col>, <cd>a reddish brown, syrupy balsam, obtained from a Central American tree (<spn>Myroxylon Pereir&aelig;</spn> and used as a stomachic and expectorant, and in the treatment of ulcers, etc. It was long supposed to be a product of Peru.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of Tolu</b></col>, <cd>a reddish or yellowish brown semisolid or solid balsam, obtained from a South American tree (<spn>Myroxylon toluiferum</spn>). It is highly fragrant, and is used as a stomachic and expectorant.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam tree</b></col>, <cd>any tree from which balsam is obtained, esp. the <spn>Abies balsamea</spn>.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Canada balsam</b></col>, <col><b>Balsam of fir</b></col></mcol>, <cd>Canada turpentine, a yellowish, viscid liquid, which, by time and exposure, becomes a transparent solid mass. It is obtained from the balm of Gilead (or balsam) fir (<spn>Abies balsamea</spn>) by breaking the vesicles upon the trunk and branches. See <er>Balm</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To treat or anoint with balsam; to relieve, as with balsam; to render balsamic.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`sam*a"tion</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l`s&aitalic_;m*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n <it>or</it> b&abreve;l`s&aitalic_;m*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of imparting balsamic properties.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The art or process of embalming.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bal*sam"ic</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l*s&abreve;m"&ibreve_;k <it>or</it> b&abreve;l*s&abreve;m"&ibreve_;k; 277)</pr>, <hw>Bal*sam"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>balsamique</ets>.]</ety> <def>Having the qualities of balsam; containing, or resembling, balsam; soft; mitigative; soothing; restorative.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`sam*if"er*ous</hw> <pr>(b&asuml_;l`s&aitalic_;m*&ibreve_;f"&etilde_;r*&ubreve;s <it>or</it> b&abreve;l`s&aitalic_;m*&ibreve_;f"&etilde_;r*&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Balsam</ets> + <ets>-ferous</ets>.]</ety> <def>Producing balsam.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balsaminaceae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a natural family comprising the balsams, distinguished from the family <fam>Geraniaceae</fam> by the irregular flowers.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> family Balsaminaceae, balsam family.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam*ine</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>balsamine</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>balsami`nh</grk> balsam plant.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The <spn>Impatiens balsamina</spn>, or garden balsam.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balsamorhiza</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>genus of coarse West American herbs with large roots containing an aromatic balsam.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Balsamorhiza.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam*ous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the quality of balsam; containing balsam.</def> &ldquo;A <xex>balsamous</xex> substance.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sterne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>balsamroot</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a plant of the genus <gen>Balsamorhiza</gen> having white-downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Etymol. uncertain. Cf. <er>Bloodboltered</er>.]</ety> <def>To stick together.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"tic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[NL. mare <ets>Balticum</ets>, fr. L. <ets>balteus</ets> belt, from certain straits or channels surrounding its isles, called belts. See <er>Belt</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to the sea which separates Norway and Sweden from Jutland, Denmark, and Germany; situated on the Baltic Sea.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bal"ti*more bird`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bal"ti*more o"ri*ole</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. }</mhw> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A common bird (<spn>Icterus galbula</spn>) of eastern and central America and Canada, named after <person>Lord <etsep>Baltimore</etsep></person>, because its colors (black and orange red) are like those of his coat of arms; -- called also <altname>golden robin</altname>.  It winters in the American tropics.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>balustre</ets>, It. <ets>balaustro</ets>, fr. L. <ets>balaustium</ets> the flower of the wild pomegranate, fr. Gr. <grk>balay`stion</grk>; -- so named from the similarity of form.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A small column or pilaster, used as a support to the rail of an open parapet, to guard the side of a staircase, or the front of a gallery.  See <er>Balustrade</er>.</def> <altsp>[Corrupted into <asp>banister</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*tered</hw> <pr>(-t&etilde_;rd)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having balusters.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*trade`</hw> <pr>(-tr&amacr;d`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>balustrade</ets>, It. <ets>balaustrata</ets> fr. <ets>balaustro</ets>. See <er>Baluster</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, or the eaves of a building, or as a guard railing on a staircase; -- it serves as a guard to prevent people from falling.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bannister, banister, balusters, handrail, guard rail.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balzac</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>Honore de Balzac, a French novelist; b. 1799, d. 1850.</def> <mark>[Person]</mark> <br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Honore Balzac.</syn>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Balzacian</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Honore Balzac.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bam</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Prob. a contr. of <ets>bamboozle</ets>.]</ety> <def>An imposition; a cheat; a hoax.</def>  <rj><au>Garrick.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To relieve the tedium, he kept plying them with all manner of <qex>bams</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Prof. Wilson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To cheat; to wheedle.</def> <mark>[Slang]</mark>  <rj><au>Foote.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bam*bi"no</hw> <pr>(b&auml;m*b&emacr;"n&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>It. pl.</it> <plw>-ni</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[It., a little boy, fr. <ets>bambo</ets> silly; cf. Gr. <grk>bambali`zein</grk>, <grk>bambai`nein</grk>, to chatter.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A child or baby; esp., a representation in art of the infant Christ wrapped in swaddling clothes.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Sports)</fld> <def>George Herman Ruth ("Babe" Ruth), the baseball player; -- usu. in the form &ldquo;the bambino&rdquo;.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boc`ci*ade"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>bambocciata</ets>, fr. <ets>Bamboccio</ets> a nickname of Peter Van Laer, a Dutch genre painter; properly, a child, simpleton, puppet, fr. <ets>bambo</ets> silly.]</ety> <fld>(Paint.)</fld> <def>A representation of a grotesque scene from common or rustic life.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;m*b&oomacr_;")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Malay <ets>bambu</ets>, <ets>mambu</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A plant of the family of grasses, and genus <gen>Bambusa</gen>, growing in tropical countries.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The most useful species is <spn>Bambusa arundinacea</spn>, which has a woody, hollow, round, straight, jointed stem, and grows to the height of forty feet and upward. The flowers grow in large panicles, from the joints of the stalk, placed three in a parcel, close to their receptacles. Old stalks grow to five or six inches in diameter, and are so hard and durable as to be used for building, and for all sorts of furniture, for water pipes, and for poles to support palanquins. The smaller stalks are used for walking sticks, flutes, etc.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To flog with the bamboo.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"zle</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;m*b&oomacr_;"z'l)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bamboozled</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;m*b&oomacr_;"z'ld)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bamboozling</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;m*b&oomacr_;"zl&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Said to be of Gipsy origin.]</ety> <def>To deceive by trickery; to cajole by confusing the senses; to hoax; to mystify; to humbug.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark>  <rj><au>Addison.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>What oriental tomfoolery is <qex>bamboozling</qex> you?</q> <rj><qau>J. H. Newman.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"zler</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;m*b&oomacr_;"zl&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A swindler; one who deceives by trickery.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark>  <rj><au>Arbuthnot.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bambuseae</hw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A tribe of plants comprising the bamboos.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> tribe Bambuseae.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of fine muslin, made in the East Indies from the fiber of the banana leaf stalks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>bann</ets> command, edict; akin to D. <ets>ban</ets>, Icel. <ets>bann</ets>, Dan. <ets>band</ets>, OHG. <ets>ban</ets>, G. <ets>bann</ets>, a public proclamation, as of interdiction or excommunication, Gr. <grk>fa`nai</grk> to say, L. <ets>fari</ets> to speak, Skr. <ets>bhan</ets> to speak; cf. F. <ets>ban</ets>, LL. <ets>bannum</ets>, of G. origin. &radic;86. Cf. <er>Abandon</er>, <er>Fame</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A public proclamation or edict; a public order or notice, mandatory or prohibitory; a summons by public proclamation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Feudal &amp; Mil.)</fld> <def>A calling together of the king's (esp. the French king's) vassals for military service; also, the body of vassals thus assembled or summoned. In present usage, in France and Prussia, the most effective part of the population liable to military duty and not in the standing army.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Notice of a proposed marriage, proclaimed in church. See <er>Banns</er> (the common spelling in this sense).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>An interdiction, prohibition, or proscription.</def> &ldquo;Under <xex>ban</xex> to touch.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A curse or anathema.</def> &ldquo;Hecate's <xex>ban</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a delinquent for offending against a ban; as, a mulct paid to a bishop by one guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Ban of the empire</b></col> <fld>(German Hist.)</fld>, <cd>an imperial interdict by which political rights and privileges, as those of a prince, city, or district, were taken away.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banned</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;nd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banning</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>bannen</ets>, <ets>bannien</ets>, to summon, curse, AS. <ets>bannan</ets> to summon; akin to Dan. <ets>bande</ets>, <ets>forbande</ets>, to curse, Sw. <ets>banna</ets> to revile, <ets>bannas</ets> to curse. See <er>Ban</er> an edict, and cf. <er>Banish</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To curse; to invoke evil upon.</def>  <rj><au>Sir W. Scott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To forbid; to interdict.</def>  <rj><au>Byron.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To curse; to swear.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Serv. <ets>ban</ets>; cf. Russ. &amp; Pol. <ets>pan</ets> a master, lord, Per. <ets>ban</ets>.]</ety> <def>An ancient title of the warden of the eastern marches of Hungary; now, a title of the viceroy of Croatia and Slavonia.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>ban</ets> an ordinance.]</ety> <def>Commonplace; trivial; hackneyed; trite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*nal"i*ty</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Banalities</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[F. <ets>banalit&eacute;</ets>. See <er>Banal</er>.]</ety> <def>Something commonplace, hackneyed, or trivial; the commonplace, in speech.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The highest things were thus brought down to the <qex>banalities</qex> of discourse.</q> <rj><qau>J. Morley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*na"na</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*n&auml;"n&adot_;; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>banana</ets>, name of the fruit.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A perennial herbaceous plant of almost treelike size (<spn>Musa sapientum</spn>); also, its edible fruit. See <er>Musa</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The banana has a soft, herbaceous stalk, with leaves of great length and breadth. The flowers grow in bunches, covered with a sheath of a green or purple color; the fruit is five or six inches long, and over an inch in diameter; the pulp is soft, and of a luscious taste, and is eaten either raw or cooked. This plant is a native of tropical countries, and furnishes an important article of food.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Banana bird</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a small American bird (<spn>Icterus leucopteryx</spn>), which feeds on the banana.</cd> -- <col><b>Banana quit</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a small bird of tropical America, of the genus <gen>Certhiola</gen>, allied to the creepers.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*na"na so*lu"tion</hw>. <def>A solution used as a vehicle in applying bronze pigments. In addition to acetote, benzine, and a little pyroxylin, it contains amyl acetate, which gives it the odor of bananas.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"at</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. &amp; G. <ets>banat</ets>. See <er>Ban</er> a warden.]</ety> <def>The territory governed by a ban.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Banc</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, &Verbar;<hw>Ban"cus</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bank</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>banc</ets>, LL. <ets>bancus</ets>. See <er>Bank</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A bench; a high seat, or seat of distinction or judgment; a tribunal or court.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>In banc</b></col>, <col><b>In banco</b></col> (the ablative of <xex>bancus</xex>), <col><b>In bank</b></col></mcol>, <cd>in full court, or with full judicial authority; <as>as, sittings <ex>in banc</ex> (distinguished from sittings at <cref>nisi prius</cref>)</as>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban*cal"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>-cales</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[Sp., fr. <ets>banca</ets>, <ets>banco</ets>, bench. Cf. <er>Bench</er>.]</ety> <def>An ornamental covering, as of carpet or leather, for a bench or form.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban"co</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. See <er>Bank</er>.]</ety> <def>A bank, especially that of Venice.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This term is used in some parts of Europe to indicate bank money, as distinguished from the current money, when this last has become depreciated.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;nd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>band</ets>, <ets>bond</ets>, Icel. <ets>band</ets>; akin to G., Sw., &amp; D. <ets>band</ets>, OHG. <ets>bant</ets>, Goth. <ets>bandi</ets>, Skr. <ets>bandha</ets> a binding, <ets>bandh</ets> to bind, for <ets>bhanda</ets>, <ets>bhandh</ets>, also to E. <ets>bend</ets>, <ets>bind</ets>.  In sense 7, at least, it is fr. F. <ets>bande</ets>, from OHG. <ets>bant</ets>.  &radic;90.  See <er>Bind</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, and cf. <er>Bend</er>, <er>Bond</er>, 1st <er>Bandy</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A fillet, strap, or any narrow ligament with which a thing is encircled, or fastened, or by which a number of things are tied, bound together, or confined; a fetter.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Every one's <qex>bands</qex> were loosed.</q> <rj><qau>Acts xvi. 26.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A continuous tablet, stripe, or series of ornaments, as of carved foliage, of color, or of brickwork, etc.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>In Gothic architecture, the molding, or suite of moldings, which encircles the pillars and small shafts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>That which serves as the means of union or connection between persons; a tie.</def> &ldquo;To join in Hymen's <xex>bands</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A linen collar or ruff worn in the 16th and 17th centuries.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Two strips of linen hanging from the neck in front as part of a clerical, legal, or academic dress.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A narrow strip of cloth or other material on any article of dress, to bind, strengthen, ornament, or complete it.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Band</xex> and gusset and seam.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hood.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 116 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A company of persons united in any common design, especially a body of armed men.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Troops of horsemen with his <qex>bands</qex> of foot.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>A number of musicians who play together upon portable musical instruments, especially those making a loud sound, as certain wind instruments (trumpets, clarinets, etc.), and drums, or cymbals; <as>as, a high school's marching <ex>band</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A space between elevated lines or ribs, as of the fruits of umbelliferous plants.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A stripe, streak, or other mark transverse to the axis of the body.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>11.</sn> <fld>(Mech.)</fld> <def>A belt or strap.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>12.</sn> <def>A bond.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Thy oath and <xex>band</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>13.</sn> <def>Pledge; security.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Band saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw in the form of an endless steel belt, with teeth on one edge, running over wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>big band</b></col>, <cd>a band that is the size of an orchestra, usually playing mostly jazz or swing music.  The <ex>big band</ex> typically features both ensemble and solo playing, sometimes has a lead singer, and is often located in a night club where the patrons may dance to its music.  The <ex>big bands</ex> were popular from the late 1920's to the 1940's.  Contrasted with <er>combo</er>, which has fewer players.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;nd)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banded</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banding</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To bind or tie with a band.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To mark with a band.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To unite in a troop, company, or confederacy.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Banded</xex> against his throne.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Banded architrave</b></col>, <col><b>Banded pier</b></col>, <col><b>Banded shaft</b></col>, etc.</mcol> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>an architrave, pier, shaft, etc., of which the regular profile is interrupted by blocks or projections crossing it at right angles.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To confederate for some common purpose; to unite; to conspire together.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Certain of the Jews <qex>banded</qex> together.</q> <rj><qau>Acts xxiii. 12.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To bandy; to drive away.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <def><pos>imp.</pos> of <er>Bind</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"age</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;nd"&auptack_;j)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bandage</ets>, fr. <ets>bande</ets>. See <er>Band</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A fillet or strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Something resembling a bandage; that which is bound over or round something to cover, strengthen, or compress it; a ligature.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Zeal too had a place among the rest, with a <qex>bandage</qex> over her eyes.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"age</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bandaged</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;nd"&auptack_;jd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bandaging</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;nd"&auptack_;*j&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <def>To bind, dress, or cover, with a bandage; <as>as, to <ex>bandage</ex> the eyes</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Band"-Aid`</hw>, <hw>band"-aid`</hw>, <hw>Band" Aid</hw></mhw>  <pr>(b&abreve;nd"&amacr;d`)</pr> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[from a Trademark.]</ety> <def>An adhesive bandage, composed of a short ribbon of cloth or plastic with an adhesive coating on one side, and having a patch of gauze at the center.  It is used to cover small cuts, abrasions, or blisters on the skin, and may be easily applied to and removed from the skin with no additional material.  Originally a trademark, the term has been popularly used generically.</def> <mark>[trademark]</mark><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A hurried repair; a temporary fix for a minor problem.</def> <note>The term has been used metaphorically to mean an <sig>ineffective cosmetic solution</sig>, when used on a serious problem.</note><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> quick fix, quickie, quicky.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban*da"la</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A fabric made in Manila from the older leaf sheaths of the <prodby>abaca</prodby> (<spn>Musa textilis</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ban*dan"na</hw>, <hw>Ban*dan"a</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Hind. <ets>b&amacr;ndhn&umacr;</ets> a mode of dyeing in which the cloth is tied in different places so as to prevent the parts tied from receiving the dye. Cf. <er>Band</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A species of silk or cotton handkerchief, having a uniformly dyed ground, usually of red or blue, with white or yellow figures of a circular, lozenge, or other simple form; -- it is often used as a neckerchief.  The term is also used for any large and brightly colored handkerchief.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <specif>Hence:</specif> <def>Any scarf worn on the neck or head, usually of large size.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A style of calico printing, in which white or bright spots are produced upon cloth previously dyed of a uniform red or dark color, by discharging portions of the color by chemical means, while the rest of the cloth is under pressure.</def>  <rj><au>Ure.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"box`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;nd"b&obreve_;ks`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A light box of pasteboard or thin wood, usually cylindrical, for holding ruffs (the <xex>bands</xex> of the 17th century), collars, caps, bonnets, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban*deau"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n*d&omacr;"; b&abreve;n"d&omacr;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bandeaux</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;n*d&omacr;z")</pr></plu>. <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A narrow band or fillet, as for the hair, part of a headdress, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><q>Around the edge of this cap was a stiff <qex>bandeau</qex> of leather.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Band"e*let</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Band"let</hw>, <hw>bandelette</hw> }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bandelette</ets>, dim. of <ets>bande</ets>. See <er>Band</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and cf. <er>Bendlet</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A small band or fillet; any little band or flat molding, compassing a column, like a ring, and usually at the top of the column; an annulet.</def>  <rj><au>Gwilt.</au></rj><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> annulet, bandelette, bandlet, square and rabbet.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One banded with others.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban`de*ril"la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp., dim. of <ets>bandera</ets> banner. See <er>Banner</er>, and cf. <er>Banderole</er>.]</ety> <def>A barbed dart carrying a banderole which the banderillero thrusts into the neck or shoulder of the bull in a bullfight.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban`de*ril*le"ro</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp.]</ety> <def>One who thrusts in the banderillas in bullfighting.</def>  <rj><au>W. D. Howells.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Band"e*role</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Band"rol</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>banderole</ets>, dim. of <ets>bandi&egrave;re</ets>, <ets>banni&egrave;re</ets>, banner; cf. It. <ets>banderuola</ets> a little banner. See <er>Banner</er>.]</ety> <def>A little banner, flag, or streamer.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>bannerol</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>From the extremity of which fluttered a small <qex>banderole</qex> or streamer bearing a cross.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band" fish`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small red fish of the genus <gen>Cepola</gen>; the ribbon fish.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"di*coot</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A corruption of the native name.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A species of very large rat (<spn>Mus giganteus</spn>), found in India and Ceylon. It does much injury to rice fields and gardens.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A ratlike marsupial animal (genus <gen>Perameles</gen>) of several species, found in Australia and Tasmania.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>banding</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A strip or stripe of a contrasting color or material.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> band, stripe.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"ing plane`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>A plane used for cutting out grooves and inlaying strings and bands in straight and circular work.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dit</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"d&ibreve_;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bandits</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"d&ibreve_;ts)</pr>, <it>or</it> <plw>Banditti</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;n*d&ibreve_;t"t&ibreve_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[It. <ets>bandito</ets> outlaw, p. p. of <ets>bandire</ets> to proclaim, to banish, to proscribe, LL. <ets>bandire</ets>, <ets>bannire</ets>. See <er>Ban</er> an edict, and cf. <er>Banish</er>.]</ety> <def>An outlaw; a brigand.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>No savage fierce, <qex>bandit</qex>, or mountaineer.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The plural <xex>banditti</xex> was formerly used as a collective noun.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Deerstealers are ever a desperate <qex>banditti</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ir. <ets>bannlamh</ets> cubit, fr. <ets>bann</ets> a measure + <ets>lamh</ets> hand, arm.]</ety> <def>An Irish measure of two feet in length.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>band"lead`er</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>The leader of a dance band.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"let</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Bandelet</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"mas`ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The conductor of a musical band.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dog`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"d&obreve_;g`; 115)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Band</ets> + <ets>dog</ets>, i.e., bound dog.]</ety> <def>A mastiff or other large and fierce dog, usually kept chained or tied up.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The keeper entered leading his <qex>bandog</qex>, a large bloodhound, tied in a leam, or band, from which he takes his name.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ban`do*leer"</hw>, <hw>Ban`do*lier"</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bandouli&egrave;re</ets> (cf. It. <ets>bandoliera</ets>, Sp. <ets>bandolera</ets>), fr. F. <ets>bande</ets> band, Sp. &amp; It. <ets>banda</ets>. See <er>Band</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A broad leather belt formerly worn by soldiers over the right shoulder and across the breast under the left arm.  Originally it was used for supporting the musket and twelve cases for charges, but later only as a cartridge belt.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One of the leather or wooden cases in which the charges of powder were carried.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"do*line</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perh. allied to <ets>band</ets>.]</ety> <def>A glutinous pomatum for the hair.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"don</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bandon</ets>. See <er>Abandon</er>.]</ety> <def>Disposal; control; license.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Rom. of R.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dore</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>bandurria</ets>, fr. L. <ets>pandura</ets>, <ets>pandurium</ets>, a musical instrument of three strings, fr. Gr. <grk>pandoy^ra</grk> a three-stringed musical instrument. Cf. <er>Pandore</er>, <er>Banjo</er>, <er>Mandolin</er>.]</ety> <def>A musical stringed instrument, similar in form to a guitar; a pandore.  It is now obsolete, but see  <er>bandura</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Band"rol</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Banderole</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ban*dur"a</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n*d&oomacr_;r"&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>bandore</er>.]</ety> <def>A traditional Ukrainian stringed musical instrument shaped like a lute, having many strings.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bandwagon</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A popular trend that attracts growing support.</def>  &ldquo;when they saw how things were going everybody jumped on the <ex>bandwagon</ex>.&rdquo;<br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A large ornate wagon for carrying a musical band.</def> &ldquo;the <ex>bandwagon</ex> led the circus parade&rdquo;<br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>band"width`</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>The maximum rate of information transfer (measured in bits/second) that can be carried by a communication channel.</def>  &ldquo;The <ex>bandwidth</ex> of an analog telephone line is less than 100 kilobits per second.&rdquo;<br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"d&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Telugu <ets>ba&nsdot_;&dsdot_;i</ets>.]</ety> <def>A carriage or cart used in India, esp. one drawn by bullocks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bandies</plw> <pr>(-d&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>band&eacute;</ets>, p. p. of <ets>bander</ets> to bind, to bend (a bow), to bandy, fr. <ets>bande</ets>. See <er>Band</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A club bent at the lower part for striking a ball at play; a hockey stick.</def>  <rj><au>Johnson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The game played with such a club; hockey; shinney; bandy ball.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bandied</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;n"d&euptack_;d)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bandying</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To beat to and fro, as a ball in playing at bandy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Like tennis balls <qex>bandied</qex> and struck upon us . . . by rackets from without.</q> <rj><qau>Cudworth.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To give and receive reciprocally; to exchange.</def> &ldquo;To <xex>bandy</xex> hasty words.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To toss about, as from person to person; to circulate freely in a light manner; -- of ideas, facts, rumors, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let not obvious and known truth be <qex>bandied</qex> about in a disputation.</q> <rj><qau>I. Watts.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To contend, as at some game in which each strives to drive the ball his own way.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Fit to <qex>bandy</qex> with thy lawless sons.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Bent; crooked; curved laterally, esp. with the convex side outward; <as>as, a <ex>bandy</ex> leg</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy-legged`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having crooked legs.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bane</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bane</ets> destruction, AS. <ets>bana</ets> murderer; akin to Icel. <ets>bani</ets> death, murderer, OHG. <ets>bana</ets> murder, <ets>bano</ets> murderer, Goth. <ets>banja</ets> stroke, wound, Gr. <grk>foney`s</grk> murderer, <grk>fo`nos</grk> murder, OIr. <ets>bath</ets> death, <ets>benim</ets> I strike. &radic;31.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>That which destroys life, esp. poison of a deadly quality.</def> <mark>[Obs.  except in combination, as in rats<ex>bane</ex>, hen<ex>bane</ex>, etc.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Destruction; death.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The cup of deception spiced and tempered to their <qex>bane</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Any cause of ruin, or lasting injury; harm; woe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Money, thou <qex>bane</qex> of bliss, and source of woe.</q> <rj><qau>Herbert.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A disease in sheep, commonly termed the <altname>rot</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Poison; ruin; destruction; injury; pest.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bane</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To be the bane of; to ruin.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bane"ber`ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus <gen>(Act&aelig;a)</gen> of plants, of the order <ord>Ranunculace&aelig;</ord>, native in the north temperate zone.  The red or white berries are poisonous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bane"ful</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having poisonous qualities; deadly; destructive; injurious; noxious; pernicious.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Baneful</xex> hemlock.&rdquo; <au>Garth.</au> &ldquo;<xex>Baneful</xex> wrath.&rdquo; <au>Chapman.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p> -- <wordforms><wf>Bane"ful*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> --<wf>Bane"ful*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bane"wort</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Deadly nightshade.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;ng)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banged</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banging</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Icel. <ets>banga</ets> to hammer; akin to Dan. <ets>banke</ets> to beat, Sw. <ets>b&aring;ngas</ets> to be impetuous, G. <ets>bengel</ets> club, clapper of a bell.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To beat, as with a club or cudgel; to treat with violence; to handle roughly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The desperate tempest hath so <qex>banged</qex> the Turks.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To beat or thump, or to cause (something) to hit or strike against another object, in such a way as to make a loud noise; <as>as, to <ex>bang</ex> a drum or a piano; to <ex>bang</ex> a door (against the doorpost or casing) in shutting it</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To have sexual intercourse with; to fuck; -- usually used with the male as a subject.  Considered vulgar or obscene.</def> <mark>[vulgar slang]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To make a loud noise, as if with a blow or succession of blows; <as>as, the window blind <ex>banged</ex> and waked me; he was <ex>banging</ex> on the piano</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To have sexual intercourse; to fuck.  Considered vulgar and obscene.</def> <mark>[vulgar slang]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A blow as with a club; a heavy blow.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Many a stiff thwack, many a <qex>bang</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Hudibras.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The loud sound produced by a sudden concussion or explosion.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A surge of pleasure; a thrill; -- usually used in the phrase <ecol><b>get a bang out of</b></ecol>; <as>as, I always get a <ex>bang</ex> out of watching an ice skater do a quadruple jump</as>.</def> <mark>[informal]</mark> <br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> kick{5}.</syn><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Printing &amp; Computers)</fld> <def>An exclamation point; -- used in verbal descriptions of text, in printing and in computer technology; <as>as, his email address is tom <ex>bang</ex> stanford dot edu (i.e. tom!stanford.edu)</as>.</def> <mark>[slang]</mark><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>An instance of sexual intercourse; a fuck.  Considered vulgar and obscene.</def> <mark>[vulgar slang]</mark> <br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To cut squarely across, as the tail of a horse, or the forelock of human beings; to cut (the hair).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His hair <qex>banged</qex> even with his eyebrows.</q> <rj><qau>The Century Mag.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The short, front hair combed down over the forehead, esp. when cut squarely across; a false front of hair similarly worn; -- usually used in the plural; <as>as, her <ex>bangs</ex> came down almost to her eyes</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His hair cut in front like a young lady's <qex>bang</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>W. D. Howells.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bang</hw>, <hw>Bangue</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bhang</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bang"ing</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Huge; great in size.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark>  <rj><au>Forby.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bangladesh</hw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>An independent Asian country on teh Bay of Bengal that was once part of India and then part of Pakistan (called East Pakistan).</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Bangla Desh, East Pakistan.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bangladeshi</hw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Bangladesh.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bangladeshi</hw> <pos>prop. adj.</pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Bangladesh.</def> <illu><ex>Bangladeshi</ex> dialects</illu><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> East Pakistani.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"gle</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;"g'l)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[From 1st <er>Bang</er>.]</ety> <def>To waste by little and little; to fritter away.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"gle</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Hind. <ets>bangr&imacr;</ets> bracelet, bangle.]</ety> <def>An ornamental circlet, of glass, gold, silver, or other material, worn mostly by women, upon the wrist or ankle; a ring bracelet.  It differs from other bracelets in being rigid and not articulated, in contrast to bracelets made of links.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bangle ear</b></col>, <cd>a loose hanging ear of a horse, like that of a spaniel.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bang"tail</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a horse bred for racing.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> racehorse, race horse.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ian</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"y&aitalic_;n <it>or</it> b&abreve;n*y&abreve;n"; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>banij</ets> merchant. The tree was so named by the English, because used as a market place by the merchants.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A Hindu trader, merchant, cashier, or money changer.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>banyan</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A man's loose gown, like that worn by the Banians.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The Indian fig. See <er>Banyan</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Banian days</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>days in which the sailors have no flesh meat served out to them.  This use seems to be borrowed from the Banians or Banya race, who eat no flesh.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"&ibreve_;sh)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banished</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;n"&ibreve_;sht)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banishing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OF. <ets>banir</ets>, F. <ets>bannir</ets>, LL. <ets>bannire</ets>, fr. OHG. <ets>bannan</ets> to summon, fr. <ets>ban</ets> ban. See <er>Ban</er> an edict, and <er>Finish</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To condemn to exile, or compel to leave one's country, by authority of the ruling power.</def> &ldquo;We <xex>banish</xex> you our territories.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To drive out, as from a home or familiar place; -- used with <xex>from</xex> and <xex>out of</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>How the ancient Celtic tongue came to be <qex>banished</qex> from the Low Countries in Scotland.</q> <rj><qau>Blair.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To drive away; to compel to depart; to dispel.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Banish</xex> all offense.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To <er>Banish</er>, <er>Exile</er>, <er>Expel</er>.</syn>  <usage>The idea of a coercive removal from a place is common to these terms.  A man is <xex>banished</xex> when he is forced by the government of a country (be he a foreigner or a native) to leave its borders.  A man is <xex>exiled</xex> when he is driven into banishment from his <xex>native</xex> country and home.  Thus to <xex>exile</xex> is to <xex>banish</xex>, but to <xex>banish</xex> is not always to <xex>exile</xex>.  To <xex>expel</xex> is to eject or banish summarily or authoritatively, and usually under circumstances of disgrace; <as>as, to <ex>expel</ex> from a college; <ex>expelled</ex> from decent society</as>.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who banishes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish*ment</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>bannissement</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of banishing, or the state of being banished.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He secured himself by the <qex>banishment</qex> of his enemies.</q> <rj><qau>Johnson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Round the wide world in <qex>banishment</qex> we roam.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Expatriation; ostracism; expulsion; proscription; exile; outlawry.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"is*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A corruption of <ets>baluster</ets>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A baluster.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  (<singf>sing.</singf> or <pluf>pl.</pluf>) <def>The balustrade of a staircase.  Formerly used in this sense mostly in the plural, now mostly in the singular.</def>  <altsp>[Also spelled <asp>bannister</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>He struggled to ascend the pulpit stairs, holding hard on the <qex>banisters</qex>.<rj>  <qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj></q></p>

<p><hw>ban"jo</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Formerly also <ets>banjore</ets> and <ets>banjer</ets>; corrupted from <ets>bandore</ets>, through negro slave pronunciation.]</ety> <def>A stringed musical instrument having a head and neck like the guitar, and a circular body like a tambourine.  It has five strings, and is played with the fingers and hands.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>banke</ets>; akin to E. <ets>bench</ets>, and prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <ets>bakki</ets>. See <er>Bench</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A mound, pile, or ridge of earth, raised above the surrounding level; hence, anything shaped like a mound or ridge of earth; <as>as, a <ex>bank</ex> of clouds; a <ex>bank</ex> of snow</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They cast up a <qex>bank</qex> against the city.</q> <rj><qau>2 Sam. xx. 15.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A steep acclivity, as the slope of a hill, or the side of a ravine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The margin of a watercourse; the rising ground bordering a lake, river, or sea, or forming the edge of a cutting, or other hollow.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Tiber trembled underneath her <qex>banks</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>An elevation, or rising ground, under the sea; a shoal, shelf, or shallow; <as>as, the <ex>banks</ex> of Newfoundland</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The face of the coal at which miners are working.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A deposit of ore or coal, worked by excavations above water level.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>The ground at the top of a shaft; <as>as, ores are brought to <ex>bank</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(A&euml;ronautics)</fld> <def>The lateral inclination of an a&euml;roplane as it rounds a curve; <as>as, a <ex>bank</ex> of 45&deg; is easy; a <ex>bank</ex> of 90&deg; is dangerous</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A group or series of objects arranged near together; <as>as, a <ex>bank</ex> of electric lamps, etc.</as></def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>The tilt of a roadway or railroad, at a curve in the road, designed to counteract centrifugal forces acting on vehicles moving rapiudly around the curve, thus reducing the danger of overturning during a turn.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bank beaver</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the otter.</cd> <mark>[Local, U.S.]</mark> -- <col><b>Bank swallow</b></col>, <cd>a small American and European swallow (<spn>Clivicola riparia</spn>) that nests in a hole which it excavates in a bank.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banked</conjf>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;kt); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banking</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To raise a mound or dike about; to inclose, defend, or fortify with a bank; to embank.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Banked</xex> well with earth.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To heap or pile up; <as>as, to <ex>bank</ex> sand</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To pass by the banks of.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Engineering)</fld> <def>To build (a roadway or railroad) with an inclination at a curve in the road, so as to counteract centrifugal forces acting on vehicles moving rapiudly around the curve, thus reducing the danger of vehicles overturning at a curve; <as>as, the raceway was steeply <ex>banked</ex> at the curves</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>To bank a fire</b></col>, <col><b>To bank up a fire</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to cover the coals or embers with ashes or cinders, thus keeping the fire low but alive.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Prob. fr. F. <ets>banc</ets>. Of German origin, and akin to E. <ets>bench</ets>. See <er>Bench</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A bench, as for rowers in a galley; also, a tier of oars.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Placed on their <qex>banks</qex>, the lusty Trojan sweep<br/>
Neptune's smooth face, and cleave the yielding deep.</q> <rj><qau>Waller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The bench or seat upon which the judges sit.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The regular term of a court of law, or the full court sitting to hear arguments upon questions of law, as distinguished from a sitting at <xex>Nisi Prius</xex>, or a court held for jury trials. See <er>Banc</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Burrill.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Printing)</fld> <def>A sort of table used by printers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Music)</fld> <def>A bench, or row of keys belonging to a keyboard, as in an organ.</def>  <rj><au>Knight.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>banque</ets>, It. <ets>banca</ets>, orig. bench, table, counter, of German origin, and akin to E. <ets>bench</ets>; cf. G. <ets>bank</ets> bench, OHG. <ets>banch</ets>. See <er>Bench</er>, and cf. <er>Banco</er>, <er>Beach</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An establishment for the custody, loan, exchange, or issue, of money, and for facilitating the transmission of funds by drafts or bills of exchange; an institution incorporated for performing one or more of such functions, or the stockholders (or their representatives, the directors), acting in their corporate capacity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The building or office used for banking purposes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A fund to be used in transacting business, especially a joint stock or capital.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let it be no <qex>bank</qex> or common stock, but every man be master of his own money.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Gaming)</fld> <def>The sum of money or the checks which the dealer or banker has as a fund, from which to draw his stakes and pay his losses.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>In certain games, as dominos, a fund of pieces from which the players are allowed to draw; in Monopoly, the fund of money used to pay bonuses due to the players, or to which they pay fines.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>a place where something is stored and held available for future use;</def> <specif>specifically</specif>, <def>an organization that stores biological products for medical needs; <as>as, a blood <ex>bank</ex>, an organ <ex>bank</ex>, a sperm <ex>bank</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bank credit</b></col>, <cd>a credit by which a person who has given the required security to a bank has liberty to draw to a certain extent agreed upon.</cd> -- <col><b>Bank of deposit</b></col>, <cd>a bank which receives money for safe keeping.</cd> -- <col><b>Bank of issue</b></col>, <cd>a bank which issues its own notes payable to bearer.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To deposit in a bank.</def>  <rj><au>Johnson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To keep a bank; to carry on the business of a banker.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 117 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To deposit money in a bank; to have an account with a banker.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <fld>(A&euml;ronautics)</fld> <def>To tilt sidewise in rounding a curve; -- said of a flying machine, an a&euml;rocurve, or the like.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"a*ble</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k"&adot_;*b'l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Receivable at a bank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank" bill`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k" b&ibreve_;l`)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>In America (and formerly in England), a promissory note of a bank payable to the bearer on demand, and used as currency; a bank note.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>In England, a note, or a bill of exchange, of a bank, payable to order, and usually at some future specified time. Such bills are negotiable, but form, in the strict sense of the term, no part of the currency.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank" book`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k" b&oobreve_;k`)</pr>. <def>A book kept by a depositor, in which an officer of a bank enters the debits and credits of the depositor's account with the bank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank discount</hw>. <def>A sum equal to the interest at a given rate on the principal (face) of a bill or note from the time of discounting until it becomes due.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"er</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos><ety>[See the nouns <er>Bank</er> and the verbs derived from them.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who conducts the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A money changer.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The dealer, or one who keeps the bank in a gambling house.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A vessel employed in the cod fishery on the banks of Newfoundland.</def>  <rj><au>Crabb.</au>  <au>J. Q. Adams.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A ditcher; a drain digger.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>The stone bench on which masons cut or square their work.</def>  <rj><au>Weale.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"er*ess</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k"&etilde_;r*&ebreve_;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A female banker.</def>  <rj><au>Thackeray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bankia</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a genus consisting of giant shipworms.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus <gen>Bankia</gen>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The business of a bank or of a banker.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Banking house</b></col>, <cd>an establishment or office in which, or a firm by whom, banking is done.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>bank"note`</hw>, <hw>bank" note`</hw></mhw> <pr>(b&abreve;&nsmacr_;k"n&omacr;t`)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>A promissory note issued by a bank or banking company, payable to the bearer on demand.  See also sense 4.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In the United States popularly called a <altname>bank bill</altname>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Formerly, a promissory note made by a banker, or banking company, payable to a specified person at a fixed date; a bank bill. See <er>Bank bill</er>, 2.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A promissory note payable at a bank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A promissory note issued by an authorized bank, payable to the bearer on demand and intended to circulate as government-authorized money; in the United States such notes may only be issued by a Federal Reserve Bank; <as>as, he peeled off five one-thousand-zloty banknotes</as>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bill, note, government note, bank bill, banker's bill, bank note, Federal Reserve note, greenback.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bank on</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>Depend on; be confident of.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bankroll</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the money carried on one's person.</def> &rdquo;He shot his <ex>bankroll</ex> on a bob-tailed nag.&rdquo;<br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> roll, wad.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>one's total supply of money; funds.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bankroll</hw> <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To pay the costs of; <as>as, Who will <ex>bankroll</ex> the restoration of the former East German economy?</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>banqueroute</ets>, fr. It. <ets>bancarotta</ets> bankruptcy; <ets>banca</ets> bank (fr. OHG. <ets>banch</ets>, G. <ets>bank</ets>, bench) + <ets>rotta</ets> broken, fr. L. <ets>ruptus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>rumpere</ets> to break.  At Florence, it is said, the bankrupt had his bench (i.e., money table) broken. See 1st <er>Bank</er>, and <er>Rupture</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Old Eng. Law)</fld> <def>A trader who secretes himself, or does certain other acts tending to defraud his creditors.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A trader who becomes unable to pay his debts; an insolvent trader; popularly, any person who is unable to pay his debts; an insolvent person.</def>  <rj><au>M&lsquo;Culloch.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A person who, in accordance with the terms of a law relating to bankruptcy, has been judicially declared to be unable to meet his liabilities.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In England, until the year 1861 none but a &ldquo;trader&rdquo; could be made a bankrupt; a non-trader failing to meet his liabilities being an &ldquo;insolvent&rdquo;.  But this distinction was abolished by the Bankruptcy Act of 1861.  The laws of 1841 and 1867 of the United States relating to bankruptcy applied this designation <ex>bankrupt</ex> to others besides those engaged in trade.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Being a bankrupt or in a condition of bankruptcy; unable to pay, or legally discharged from paying, one's debts; <as>as, a <ex>bankrupt</ex> merchant</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Depleted of money; not having the means of meeting pecuniary liabilities; <as>as, a <ex>bankrupt</ex> treasury</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Relating to bankrupts and bankruptcy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Destitute of, or wholly wanting (something once possessed, or something one should possess).</def> &ldquo;<xex>Bankrupt</xex> in gratitude.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sheridan.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bankrupt law</b></col>, <cd>a law by which the property of a person who is unable or unwilling to pay his debts may be taken and distributed to his creditors, and by which a person who has made a full surrender of his property, and is free from fraud, may be discharged from the legal obligation of his debts. See <er>Insolvent</er>, <pos>a.</pos></cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bankrupted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bankrupting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To make bankrupt; to bring financial ruin upon; to impoverish.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt*cy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bankruptcies</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The state of being actually or legally bankrupt.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The act or process of becoming a bankrupt.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Complete loss; -- followed by <xex>of</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"side`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The slope of a bank, especially of the bank of a stream.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank"-sid`ed</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>Having sides inclining inwards, as a ship; -- opposed to <contr>wall-sided</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bank" swal"low</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>See under 1st <er>Bank</er>, <pos>n.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban"li*eue`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. LL. <ets>bannum leucae</ets>, <ets>banleuca</ets>; <ets>bannum</ets> jurisdiction + <ets>leuca</ets> league.]</ety> <def>The territory without the walls, but within the legal limits, of a town or city.</def>  <rj><au>Brande &amp; C.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"n&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>banere</ets>, OF. <ets>baniere</ets>, F. <ets>banni&egrave;re</ets>, <ets>bandi&egrave;re</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>baneria</ets>, <ets>banderia</ets>, fr. <ets>bandum</ets> banner, fr. OHG. <ets>bant</ets> band, strip of cloth; cf. <ets>bindan</ets> to bind, Goth. <ets>bandwa</ets>, <ets>bandwo</ets>, a sign. See <er>Band</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A kind of flag attached to a spear or pike by a crosspiece, and used by a chief as his standard in battle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Hang out our <qex>banners</qex> on the outward walls.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A large piece of silk or other cloth, with a device or motto, extended on a crosspiece, and borne in a procession, or suspended in some conspicuous place.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Any flag or standard; <as>as, the star-spangled <ex>banner</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Banner fish</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a large fish of the genus <gen>Histiophorus</gen>, of the Swordfish family, having a broad bannerlike dorsal fin; the sailfish.  One species (<spn>Histiophorus Americanus</spn>) inhabits the <geog>North Atlantic</geog>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"nered</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Furnished with, or bearing, banners.</def> &ldquo;A <xex>bannered</xex> host.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner*et</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos><ety>[OE. <ets>baneret</ets>, OF. <ets>baneret</ets>, F. <ets>banneret</ets>; properly a dim. of OF. <ets>baniere</ets>. See <er>Banner</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, a knight who led his vassals into the field under his own banner; -- commonly used as a title of rank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A title of rank, conferred for heroic deeds, and hence, an order of knighthood; also, the person bearing such title or rank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The usual mode of conferring the rank on the field of battle was by cutting or tearing off the point of the pennon or pointed flag on the spear of the candidate, thereby making it a banner.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A civil officer in some Swiss cantons.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A small banner.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner*ol</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A banderole; esp. a banner displayed at a funeral procession and set over the tomb. See <er>Banderole</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>banning-order</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>an order that bans something.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bannister</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>same as <er>banister</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban*ni"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>bannitio</ets>. See <er>Banish</er>.]</ety> <def>The act of expulsion.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Abp. Laud.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"nock</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gael. <ets>bonnach</ets>.]</ety> <def>A kind of cake or bread, in shape flat and roundish, commonly made of oatmeal or barley meal and baked on an iron plate, or griddle; -- used in Scotland and the northern counties of England.</def>  <rj><au>Jamieson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bannock fluke</b></col>, <cd>the turbot.</cd> <mark>[Scot.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bannockburn</hw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A battle in which the Scots under <person>Robert the Bruce</person> defeated the English and assured the independence of Scotland.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Banns</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;nz)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ban</er>.]</ety> <def>Notice of a proposed marriage, proclaimed in a church, or other place prescribed by law, in order that any person may object, if he knows of just cause why the marriage should not take place.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., a feast, prop. a dim. of <ets>banc</ets> bench; cf. It. <ets>banchetto</ets>, dim. of <ets>banco</ets> a bench, counter. See <er>Bank</er> a bench, and cf. <er>Banquette</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A feast; a sumptuous entertainment of eating and drinking; often, a complimentary or ceremonious feast, followed by speeches.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A dessert; a course of sweetmeats; a sweetmeat or sweetmeats.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We'll dine in the great room, but let the music<br/>
And <qex>banquet</qex> be prepared here.</q> <rj><qau>Massinger.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Banqueted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Banqueting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To treat with a banquet or sumptuous entertainment of food; to feast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Just in time to <qex>banquet</qex><br/>
The illustrious company assembled there.</q> <rj><qau>Coleridge.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To regale one's self with good eating and drinking; to feast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Were it a draught for Juno when she <qex>banquets</qex>,<br/>
I would not taste thy treasonous offer.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To partake of a dessert after a feast.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Where they did both sup and <qex>banquet</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Cavendish.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>banqueting</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>Eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment).</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> feasting.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban*quette"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A bench or seat for passengers on the top of a diligence or other public vehicle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>My brother-in-law . . . took refuge in the <qex>banquette</qex>.</q>  <rj><qau>Mrs. Howe.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who banquets; one who feasts or makes feasts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban*quette"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. See <er>Banquet</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A raised way or foot bank, running along the inside of a parapet, on which musketeers stand to fire upon the enemy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A narrow window seat; a raised shelf at the back or the top of a buffet or dresser.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ban"shee</hw>, <hw>Ban"shie</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gael. <ets>bean-shith</ets> fairy; Gael. &amp; Ir. <ets>bean</ets> woman + Gael. <ets>sith</ets> fairy.]</ety> <fld>(Celtic Folklore)</fld> <def>A supernatural being supposed to warn a family of the approaching death of one of its members, by wailing or singing in a mournful voice, as  under the windows of the house.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"stic`kle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>ban</ets>, <ets>bon</ets>, bone + <ets>stickle</ets> prickle, sting. See <er>Bone</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, <er>Stickleback</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small fish, the three-spined stickleback.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"tam</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A variety of small barnyard fowl, with feathered legs, probably brought from Bantam, a district of Java.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"tam work`</hw>. <def>Carved and painted work in imitation of Japan ware.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban"teng</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The wild ox of Java (<spn>Bibos Banteng</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"t&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bantered</conjf> <pr>(b&abreve;n"t&etilde_;rd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bantering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Prob. corrupted fr. F. <ets>badiner</ets> to joke, or perh. fr. E. <ets>bandy</ets> to beat to and fro. See <er>Badinage</er>, and cf. <er>Barter</er> fr. OF. <ets>barater</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To address playful good-natured ridicule to, -- the person addressed, or something pertaining to him, being the subject of the jesting; to rally; <as>as, he <ex>bantered</ex> me about my credulity</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Hag-ridden by my own fancy all night, and then <qex>bantered</qex> on my haggard looks the next day.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To jest about; to ridicule in speaking of, as some trait, habit, characteristic, and the like.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>If they <qex>banter</qex> your regularity, order, and love of study, <qex>banter</qex> in return their neglect of them.</q> <rj><qau>Chatham.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To delude or trick, -- esp. by way of jest.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We diverted ourselves with <qex>bantering</qex> several poor scholars with hopes of being at least his lordship's chaplain.</q> <rj><qau>De Foe.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To challenge or defy to a match.</def> <mark>[Colloq. Southern and Western U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of bantering; joking or jesting; humorous or good-humored raillery; pleasantry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Part <qex>banter</qex>, part affection.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who banters or rallies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ting*ism</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A method of reducing corpulence by avoiding food containing much farinaceous, saccharine, or oily matter; -- so called from <person>William <etsep>Banting</etsep></person> of London.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bant"ling</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Prob. for <ets>bandling</ets>, from <ets>band</ets>, and meaning a child wrapped in swaddling bands; or cf. G. <ets>b&auml;ntling</ets> a bastard, fr. <ets>bank</ets> bench.  Cf. <er>Bastard</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A young or small child; an infant.</def> <mark>[Slightly contemptuous or depreciatory.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In what out of the way corners genius produces her <qex>bantlings</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"tu</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A member of one of the great family of Negroid tribes occupying equatorial and southern Africa.  These tribes include, as important divisions, the Kafirs, Damaras, Bechuanas, and many tribes whose names begin with <xex>Aba-</xex>, <xex>Ama-</xex>, <xex>Ba-</xex>, <xex>Ma-</xex>, <xex>Wa-</xex>, variants of the Bantu plural personal prefix <xex>Aba-</xex>, as in <xex>Ba-ntu</xex>, or <xex>Aba-ntu</xex>, itself a combination of this prefix with the syllable <xex>-ntu</xex>, a person; or as in <stype>Watusi</stype>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>the family of languages spoken by the Bantu people (definition 1).</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"tu</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Bantu language group Bantu (definition 2); <as>as, <ex>Bantu</ex> languages</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>of or pertaining to the Bantu people (definition 1).</def> <illu>The <ex>Bantu</ex> population of Sierra Leone</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Banx"ring</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An East Indian insectivorous mammal of the genus <gen>Tupaia</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"yan</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;n"y&aitalic_;n <it>or</it> b&abreve;n*y&abreve;n")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Banian</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A tree of the same genus as the common fig, and called the Indian fig (<spn>Ficus Indica</spn>), whose branches send shoots to the ground, which take root and become additional trunks, until it may be the tree covers some acres of ground and is able to shelter thousands of men.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ban"zai"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>interj.</pos> <ety>[Jap. <ets>banzai</ets>, <ets>banzei</ets>, ten thousand years, forever.]</ety> <def>Lit., May you live ten thousand years; -- used in salutation of the emperor and as a battle cry.</def> <mark>[Japan]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"o*bab</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"&ouptack_;*b&abreve;b <it>or</it> b&auml;"&ouptack_;*b&abreve;b)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[The native name.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A gigantic African tree (<spn>Adansonia digitata</spn>), also naturalized in India. See <er>Adansonia</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baph"o*met</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A corruption of <ets>Mahomet</ets> or <ets>Mohammed</ets>, the Arabian prophet: cf. Pr. <ets>Bafomet</ets>, OSp. <ets>Mafomat</ets>, OPg. <ets>Mafameda</ets>.]</ety> <def>An idol or symbolical figure which the Templars were accused of using in their mysterious rites.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bap"tise</hw> <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>same as <er>baptize</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Baptisia</hw> <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A genus of North American plants with showy pealike flowers and an inflated pod.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus <gen>Baptisia</gen>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap"tism</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baptim</ets>, <ets>baptem</ets>, OF. <ets>baptesme</ets>, <ets>batisme</ets>, F. <ets>bapt&ecirc;me</ets>, L. <ets>baptisma</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>ba`ptisma</grk>, fr. <grk>bapti`zein</grk> to baptize, fr. <grk>ba`ptein</grk> to dip in water, akin to <grk>baqy`s</grk> deep, Skr. <ets>g&amacr;h</ets> to dip, bathe, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety> <def>The act of baptizing; the application of water to a person, as a sacrament or religious ceremony, by which he is initiated into the visible church of Christ. This is performed by immersion, sprinkling, or pouring.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"mal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>baptismal</ets>.]</ety> <def>Pertaining to baptism; <as>as, <ex>baptismal</ex> vows</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baptismal name</b></col>, <cd>the Christian name, which is given at baptism.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"mal*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a baptismal manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap"tist</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;p"t&ibreve_;st)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>baptista</ets>, Gr. <grk>baptisth`s</grk>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>One who administers baptism; -- specifically applied to John, the forerunner of Christ.</def>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One of a denomination of Christians who deny the validity of infant baptism and of sprinkling, and maintain that baptism should be administered to believers alone, and should be by immersion. See <er>Anabaptist</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>In doctrine the Baptists of this country [the United States] are Calvinistic, but with much freedom and moderation.</note>  <rj><au>Amer. Cyc.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Freewill Baptists</b></col>, <cd>a sect of Baptists who are Arminian in doctrine, and practice open communion.</cd> -- <col><b>Seventh-day Baptists</b></col>, <cd>a sect of Baptists who keep the seventh day of the week, or Saturday, as the Sabbath. See <er>Sabbatarian</er>. The Dunkers and Campbellites are also Baptists.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bap"tis*ter*y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>,<hw>Bap"tis*try</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Baptisteries</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <plw>Baptistries</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>baptisterium</ets>, Gr. <grk>baptisth`rion</grk>: cf. F. <ets>baptist&egrave;re</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>In early times, a separate building, usually polygonal, used for baptismal services.  Small churches were often changed into baptisteries when larger churches were built near.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A part of a church containing a font and used for baptismal services.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"tic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>baptistiko`s</grk>.]</ety> <def>Of or for baptism; baptismal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"tic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Baptistic.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tiz"a*ble</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being baptized; fit to be baptized.</def>  <rj><au>Baxter.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap`ti*za"tion</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Baptism.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Their <qex>baptizations</qex> were null.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tize"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Baptized</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baptizing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>baptiser</ets>, L. <ets>baptizare</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>bapti`zein</grk>. See <er>Baptism</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To administer the sacrament of baptism to.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To christen (because a name is given to infants at their baptism); to give a name to; to name.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I'll be new <qex>baptized</qex>;<br/>
Henceforth I never will be Romeo.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To sanctify; to consecrate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tize"ment</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of baptizing.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tiz"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who baptizes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barre</ets>, F. <ets>barre</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>barra</ets>, W. <ets>bar</ets> the branch of a tree, bar, <ets>baren</ets> branch, Gael. &amp; Ir. <ets>barra</ets> bar. &radic;91.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A piece of wood, metal, or other material, long in proportion to its breadth or thickness, used as a lever and for various other purposes, but especially for a hindrance, obstruction, or fastening; <as>as, the <ex>bars</ex> of a fence or gate; the <ex>bar</ex> of a door</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Thou shalt make <qex>bars</qex> of shittim wood.</q> <rj><qau>Ex. xxvi. 26.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An indefinite quantity of some substance, so shaped as to be long in proportion to its breadth and thickness; <as>as, a <ex>bar</ex> of gold or of lead; a <ex>bar</ex> of soap</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Anything which obstructs, hinders, or prevents; an obstruction; a barrier.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Must I new <qex>bars</qex> to my own joy create?</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 118 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A bank of sand, gravel, or other matter, esp. at the mouth of a river or harbor, obstructing navigation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Any railing that divides a room, or office, or hall of assembly, in order to reserve a space for those having special privileges; <as>as, the <ex>bar</ex> of the House of Commons</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The railing that incloses the place which counsel occupy in courts of justice. Hence, the phrase <xex>at the bar of the court</xex> signifies <xex>in open court</xex>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The place in court where prisoners are stationed for arraignment, trial, or sentence.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>The whole body of lawyers licensed in a court or district; the legal profession.</def> <sd>(d)</sd> <def>A special plea constituting a sufficient answer to plaintiff's action.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>Any tribunal; <as>as, the <ex>bar</ex> of public opinion; the <ex>bar</ex> of God</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>A barrier or counter, over which liquors and food are passed to customers; hence, the portion of the room behind the counter where liquors for sale are kept.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>An ordinary, like a fess but narrower, occupying only one fifth part of the field.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <def>A broad shaft, or band, or stripe; <as>as, a <ex>bar</ex> of light; a <ex>bar</ex> of color</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>11.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A vertical line across the staff. Bars divide the staff into spaces which represent measures, and are themselves called <xex>measures</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; A <xex>double bar</xex> marks the end of a strain or main division of a movement, or of a whole piece of music; in psalmody, it marks the end of a line of poetry. The term <xex>bar</xex> is very often loosely used for <xex>measure</xex>, i.e., for such length of music, or of silence, as is included between one bar and the next; as, a passage of eight <xex>bars</xex>; two <xex>bars'</xex> rest.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>12.</sn> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The space between the tusks and grinders in the upper jaw of a horse, in which the bit is placed.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The part of the crust of a horse's hoof which is bent inwards towards the frog at the heel on each side, and extends into the center of the sole.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>13.</sn> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A drilling or tamping rod.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A vein or dike crossing a lode.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>14.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A gatehouse of a castle or fortified town.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A slender strip of wood which divides and supports the glass of a window; a sash bar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bar shoe</b></col> <fld>(Far.)</fld>, <cd>a kind of horseshoe having a bar across the usual opening at the heel, to protect a tender frog from injury.</cd> -- <col><b>Bar shot</b></col>, <cd>a double headed shot, consisting of a bar, with a ball or half ball at each end; -- formerly used for destroying the masts or rigging in naval combat.</cd> -- <col><b>Bar sinister</b></col> <fld>(Her.)</fld>, <cd>a term popularly but erroneously used for <xex>baton</xex>, a mark of illegitimacy. See <er>Baton</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bar tracery</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>ornamental stonework resembling bars of iron twisted into the forms required.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank bar</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>. <cd>See <er>Blank</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Case at bar</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>a case presently before the court; a case under argument.</cd> -- <col><b>In bar of</b></col>, <cd>as a sufficient reason against; to prevent.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Matter in bar</b></col>, or <col><b>Defence in bar</b></col></mcol>, <cd>any matter which is a final defense in an action.</cd> -- <col><b>Plea in bar</b></col>, <cd>a plea which goes to bar or defeat the plaintiff's action absolutely and entirely.</cd> -- <col><b>Trial at bar</b></col> <fld>(Eng. Law)</fld>, <cd>a trial before all the judges of one the superior courts of Westminster, or before a quorum representing the full court.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barred</conjf> (b&auml;rd); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barring</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[ F. <ets>barrer</ets>. See <er>Bar</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To fasten with a bar; <as>as, to <ex>bar</ex> a door or gate</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To restrict or confine, as if by a bar; to hinder; to obstruct; to prevent; to prohibit; <as>as, to <ex>bar</ex> the entrance of evil; distance <ex>bars</ex> our intercourse; the statute <ex>bars</ex> my right; the right is <ex>barred</ex> by time; a release <ex>bars</ex> the plaintiff's recovery</as>; -- sometimes with <xex>up</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He barely looked the idea in the face, and hastened to <qex>bar</qex> it in its dungeon.</q> <rj><qau>Hawthorne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To except; to exclude by exception.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Nay, but I <qex>bar</qex> to-night: you shall not gauge me<br/>
By what we do to-night.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To cross with one or more stripes or lines.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>For the sake of distinguishing the feet more clearly, I have <qex>barred</qex> them singly.</q> <rj><qau>Burney.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ra"ca</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An international, interdenominational organization of Bible classes of young men; -- so named in allusion to the Hebrew word <xex>Berachah</xex> (Meaning <xex>blessing</xex>) occurring in <au>2 Chron. xx. 26</au> and <au>1 Chron. xii.</au></def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ad</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. &unr_; weight.]</ety> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>The pressure of one dyne per square centimeter; -- used as a unit of pressure.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar`&aelig;s*the`si*om"e*ter</hw>, <hw>Bar`es*the`si*om"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. &unr_; weight + <ets>&aelig;sthesiometer</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>An instrument for determining the delicacy of the sense of pressure.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Bar`&aelig;s*the`si*o*met"ric</wf>, <wf>Bar`es*the`si*o*met"ric</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`a*the"a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A soft fabric with a kind of basket weave and a diapered pattern.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rb)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barbe</ets>, fr. L. <ets>barba</ets> beard. See <er>Beard</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the place of it.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The barbel, so called by reason of his <qex>barbs</qex>, or wattles in his mouth.</q> <rj><qau>Walton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses and cattle.  The name is mostly applied when the barbs are inflamed and swollen.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>barbel</asp> and <asp>barble</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else.</def> &ldquo;Having two <xex>barbs</xex> or points.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Ascham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A bit for a horse.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane. See <er>Feather</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A southern name for the kingfishes of the eastern and southeastern coasts of the United States; -- also improperly called <altname>whiting</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A hair or bristle ending in a double hook.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baranduki</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>The terrestrial Siberian squirrel (<spn>Eutamius sibiricus</spn>).</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baronduki, barunduki, burunduki, <spn>Eutamius asiaticus</spn>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baragnosis</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>the inability to estimate the weight of an object.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barbed</conjf> <pr>(b&auml;rbd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barbing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To shave or dress the beard of.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To clip; to mow.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Marston.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To furnish with barbs, or with that which will hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>But rattling storm of arrows <qex>barbed</qex> with fire.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barbe</ets>, fr. <ets>Barbarie</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The Barbary horse, a superior breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A blackish or dun variety of the pigeon, originally brought from Barbary.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Corrupted fr. <ets>bard</ets>.]</ety> <def>Armor for a horse. Same as 2d <er>Bard</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 1.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*can</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Barbican</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*can*age</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Barbicanage</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"di*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Barbados.</def> -- <def2><pos>n.</pos>  <def>A native of Barbados.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar*ba"dos</hw> or <hw>Bar*ba"does</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A West Indian island, giving its name to a disease, to a cherry, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barbados cherry</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a genus of trees of the West Indies (<gen>Malpighia</gen>) with an agreeably acid fruit resembling a cherry.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbados leg</b></col> <fld>(Med.)</fld>, <cd>a species of elephantiasis incident to hot climates.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbados nuts</b></col>, <cd>the seeds of the <spn>Jatropha curcas</spn>, a plant growing in South America and elsewhere. The seeds and their acrid oil are used in medicine as a purgative. See <er>Physic nut</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"ba*ra</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Coined by logicians.]</ety> <fld>(Logic)</fld> <def>The first word in certain mnemonic lines which represent the various forms of the syllogism. It indicates a syllogism whose three propositions are universal affirmatives.</def>  <rj><au>Whately.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barbarea</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a genus of biennial or perennial herbs of north temperate regions: winter cress.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus <gen>Barbarea.</gen>.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ba*resque"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Barbaric in form or style; <as>as, <ex>barbaresque</ex> architecture</as>.</def>  <rj><au>De Quincey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"ri*an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Barbarous</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A foreigner.</def> <mark>[Historical]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Therefore if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be unto him that speaketh a <qex>barbarian</qex>, and he that speaketh shall be a <qex>barbarian</qex> unto me.</q> <rj><qau>1 Cor. xiv. 11.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A man in a rude, savage, or uncivilized state.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A person destitute of culture.</def>  <rj><au>M. Arnold.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A cruel, savage, brutal man; one destitute of pity or humanity.</def> &ldquo;Thou fell <xex>barbarian</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Philips.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"ri*an</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of, or pertaining to, or resembling, barbarians; rude; uncivilized; barbarous; <as>as, <ex>barbarian</ex> governments or nations</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*bar"ic</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r*b&abreve;r"&ibreve_;k)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barbaricus</ets> foreign, barbaric, Gr. <grk>barbariko`s</grk>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of, or from, barbarian nations; foreign; -- often with reference to barbarous nations of east.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Barbaric</xex> pearl and gold.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or resembling, an uncivilized person or people; barbarous; barbarian; destitute of refinement.</def> &ldquo;Wild, <xex>barbaric</xex> music.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir W. Scott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbarisation</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the act or process of barbarizing; an act that makes people primitive and uncivilized.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> barbarization.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbarise</hw> <def>same as <er>barbarize</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rism</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&adot_;*r&ibreve_;z'm)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barbarismus</ets>, Gr. <grk>barbarismo`s</grk>; cf. F. <ets>barbarisme</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An uncivilized state or condition; rudeness of manners; ignorance of arts, learning, and literature; barbarousness.</def>  <rj><au>Prescott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A barbarous, cruel, or brutal action; an outrage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A heinous <qex>barbarism</qex> . . . against the honor of marriage.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>An offense against purity of style or language; any form of speech contrary to the pure idioms of a particular language. See <er>Solecism</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Greeks were the first that branded a foreign term in any of their writers with the odious name of <qex>barbarism</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>G. Campbell.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*bar"i*ty</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Barbarities</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[From <er>Barbarous</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The state or manner of a barbarian; lack of civilization.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Cruelty; ferociousness; inhumanity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Treating Christians with a <qex>barbarity</qex> which would have shocked the very Moslem.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A barbarous or cruel act.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Barbarism; impurity of speech.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbarization</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>the act or process of barbarizing; an act that makes people primitive and uncivilized.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> barbarisation.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rize</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barbarized</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barbarizing</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.]</vmorph><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To become barbarous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Roman empire was <qex>barbarizing</qex> rapidly from the time of Trajan.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To adopt a foreign or barbarous mode of speech.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The ill habit . . . of wretched <qex>barbarizing</qex> against the Latin and Greek idiom, with their untutored Anglicisms.</q>  <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rize</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>barbariser</ets>, LL. <ets>barbarizare</ets>.]</ety> <def>To make barbarous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The hideous changes which have <qex>barbarized</qex> France.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barbarus</ets>, Gr. <grk>ba`rbaros</grk>, strange, foreign; later, slavish, rude, ignorant; akin to L. <ets>balbus</ets> stammering, Skr. <ets>barbara</ets> stammering, outlandish. Cf. <er>Brave</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Being in the state of a barbarian; uncivilized; rude; peopled with barbarians; <as>as, a <ex>barbarous</ex> people; a <ex>barbarous</ex> country</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Foreign; adapted to a barbaric taste.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Barbarous</qex> gold.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Cruel; ferocious; inhuman; merciless.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>By their <qex>barbarous</qex> usage he died within a few days, to the grief of all that knew him.</q> <rj><qau>Clarendon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Contrary to the pure idioms of a language.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>barbarous</qex> expression</q> <rj><qau>G. Campbell.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Uncivilized; unlettered; uncultivated; untutored; ignorant; merciless; brutal. See <er>Ferocious</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a barbarous manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being barbarous; barbarity; barbarism.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Fr. Ar. <ets>Barbar</ets> the people of Barbary.]</ety> <def>The countries on the north coast of Africa from Egypt to the Atlantic.</def>  <specif>Hence:</specif> <def>A Barbary horse; a barb.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <specif>Also,</specif> <def>a kind of pigeon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barbary ape</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>an ape (<spn>Macacus innuus</spn>) of north Africa and Gibraltar Rock, being the only monkey inhabiting Europe.  It is very commonly trained by showmen.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbasco</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a West Indian shrub or small tree (<spn>Jacquinia keyensis</spn>) having leathery saponaceous leaves and extremely hard wood.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> joewood.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*stel`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barbastelle</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A European bat (<spn>Barbastellus communis</spn>), with hairy lips.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bate</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barbatus</ets>, fr. <ets>barba</ets> beard. See <er>Barb</er> beard.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Bearded; beset with long and weak hairs.</def>  <rj><au>Gray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*ted</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having barbed points.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A dart uncommonly <qex>barbated</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>T. Warton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"be*cue</hw> <pr>(b&auml;"b&euptack_;*k&umacr;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[In the language of the (Arawak or Taino) Indians of Guiana, <ets>barbacoa</ets> a frame on which all kinds of flesh and fish are roasted or smoke-dried.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a framework of metal or brick, usually with a grill on top, in which a fire is lighted and on which food is cooked, usually outdoors; -- also called a <altname>barbecue grill</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A social entertainment, where people assemble, usually in the open air, at which a meal is prepared on a barbecue grill.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A floor, on which coffee beans are sun-dried.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A hog, ox, or other large animal roasted or broiled whole for a feast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"be*cue</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barbecued</conjf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barbecuing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To dry or cure by exposure on a frame or gridiron.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They use little or no salt, but <qex>barbecue</qex> their game and fish in the smoke.</q> <rj><qau>Stedman.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To roast or broil whole, as an ox or hog.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Send me, gods, a whole hog <qex>barbecued</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbecued</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>Cooked on a barbecue.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> grilled.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbecuing</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>Roasting a large piece of meat on a grill or a revolving spit out of doors over an open fire.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barbed</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rbd <it>or</it> b&auml;rb"&ebreve_;d)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See 4th <er>Barb</er>.]</ety> <def>Accoutered with defensive armor; -- said of a horse. See <er>Barded</er> (which is the proper form.)</def>  <rj><au>Sir W. Raleigh.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barbed</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Furnished with a barb or barbs; <as>as, a <ex>barbed</ex> arrow; <ex>barbed</ex> wire</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barbed wire</b></col>, <cd>a wire, or a strand of twisted wires, armed with barbs or sharp points. It is used for fences.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bel</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&ebreve_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos><ety>[OF. <ets>barbel</ets>, F. <ets>barbeau</ets>, dim. of L. <ets>barbus</ets> barbel, fr. <ets>barba</ets> beard. See 1st <er>Barb</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A slender tactile organ on the lips of certain fishes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A large fresh-water fish (<spn>Barbus vulgaris</spn>) found in many European rivers. Its upper jaw is furnished with four barbels.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Barbs or paps under the tongues of horses and cattle. See 1st <er>Barb</er>, 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bar"bell`</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&ebreve_;l`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A bar to which heavy discs are attached at each end; -- it is used for weightlifting exercises.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bel*late</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&ebreve_;l*l&auptack_;t)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See 1st <er>Barb</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having short, stiff hairs, often barbed at the point.</def>  <rj><au>Gray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*bel"lu*late</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r*b&ebreve_;l"l&uuptack_;*l&auptack_;t)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Barbellate with diminutive hairs or barbs.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barbour</ets>, OF. <ets>barbeor</ets>, F. <ets>barbier</ets>, as if fr. an assumed L. <ets>barbator</ets>, fr. <ets>barba</ets> beard. See 1st <er>Barb</er>.]</ety> <def>One whose occupation it is to shave or trim the beard, and to cut and dress the hair of his patrons.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barber's itch</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Itch</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Formerly the barber practiced some offices of surgery, such as letting blood and pulling teeth.  Hence such terms as <ecol><b>barber surgeon</b></ecol> (old form <col><b>barber chirurgeon</b></col>), <col><b>barber surgery</b></col>, etc.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barbered</conjf> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&etilde_;rd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barbering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To shave and dress the beard or hair of.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Meteor.)</fld> <def>A storm accompanied by driving ice spicules formed from sea water, esp. one occurring on the Gulf of St. Lawrence; -- so named from the cutting ice spicules.</def> <mark>[Canada]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber fish</hw>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>See <er>Surgeon fish</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber*mon`ger</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A fop.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>barber pole</hw>, <hw>barbers pole</hw></mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a pole with red and white spiral stripes; -- usually found outside a barbershop.</def> <note>It is often electrically powered, so as to be turning when the barbershop is open for business and stationary when the shop is closed.  It symbolizes the practise of surgery, some aspects of which which used to be performed by barbers.</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barbarin</ets>, <ets>barbere</ets>, OF. <ets>berbere</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A shrub of the genus <gen>Berberis</gen>, common along roadsides and in neglected fields.  <spn>Berberis vulgaris</spn> is the species best known; its oblong red berries are made into a preserve or sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes and fevers. The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root.</def> <altsp>[Also spelt <asp>berberry</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barbershop</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a shop where a barber works, especially one where men can get their hair cut.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bet</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barbet</ets>, fr. <ets>barbe</ets> beard, long hair of certain animals. See <er>Barb</er> beard.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A variety of small dog, having long curly hair.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A bird of the family <fam>Bucconid&aelig;</fam>, allied to the Cuckoos, having a large, conical beak swollen at the base, and bearded with five bunches of stiff bristles; the puff bird.  It inhabits tropical America and Africa.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>A larva that feeds on aphids.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*bette"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. Cf. <er>Barbet</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A mound of earth or a platform in a fortification, on which guns are mounted to fire over the parapet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>En barbette</b></col>, <col><b>In barbette</b></col></mcol>, <cd>said of guns when they are elevated so as to fire over the top of a parapet, and not through embrasures.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Barbette gun</b></col>, or <col><b>Barbette battery</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a single gun, or a number of guns, mounted <xex>in barbette</xex>, or partially protected by a parapet or turret.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbette carriage</b></col>, <cd>a gun carriage which elevates guns sufficiently to be <xex>in barbette</xex>. [See <xex>Illust.</xex> of <er>Casemate</er>.]</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"bi*can</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bar"ba*can</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barbican</ets>, <ets>barbecan</ets>, F. <ets>barbacane</ets>, LL. <ets>barbacana</ets>, <ets>barbicana</ets>, of uncertain origin: cf. Ar. <ets>barbakh</ets> aqueduct, sewer. F. <ets>barbacane</ets> also means, an opening to let out water, loophole.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A tower or advanced work defending the entrance to a castle or city, as at a gate or bridge. It was often large and strong, having a ditch and drawbridge of its own.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An opening in the wall of a fortress, through which missiles were discharged upon an enemy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"bi*can*age</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bar"ba*can*age</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>barbicanagium</ets>. See <er>Barbican</er>.]</ety> <def>Money paid for the support of a barbican.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bi*cel</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. <ets>barbicella</ets>, dim. of L. <ets>barba</ets>. See 1st <er>Barb</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the small hooklike processes on the barbules of feathers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"biers</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A variety of paralysis, peculiar to India and the Malabar coast; -- considered by many to be the same as <altname>beriberi</altname> in a chronic form.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*big"er*ous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barba</ets> a beard + <ets>-gerous</ets>.]</ety> <def>Having a beard; bearded; hairy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"bi*ton</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`rbiton</grk>.]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>An ancient Greek instrument resembling a lyre.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`bi*tu"ric ac"id</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A white, crystalline substance, <chform>CH2(CO.NH)2.CO</chform>, derived from alloxantin, also from malonic acid and urea, and regarded as a substituted urea.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 119 pr=SA --></p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar`bi`zon" school</hw>, <it>or</it> <hw>Bar`bi`son" school</hw>, <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>. <fld>(Painting)</fld> <def>A French school of the middle of the 19th century centering in the village of Barbizon near the forest of Fontainebleau. Its members went straight to nature in disregard of academic tradition, treating their subjects faithfully and with poetic feeling for color, light, and atmosphere. It is exemplified, esp. in landscapes, by Corot, Rousseau, Daubigny, Jules Dupr&eacute;, and Diaz. Associated with them are certain painters of animals, as Troyon and Jaque, and of peasant life, as Millet and Jules Breton.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ble</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b'l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Barbel</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bo*tine</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A paste of clay used in decorating coarse pottery in relief.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bre</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"b&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Barbarian.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bule</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>barbula</ets>, fr. <ets>barba</ets> beard.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A very minute barb or beard.</def>  <rj><au>Booth.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the processes along the edges of the barbs of a feather, by which adjacent barbs interlock. See <er>Feather</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ca*rolle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barcarolle</ets>, fr. It. <ets>barcaruola</ets>, fr. <ets>barca</ets> bark, barge.]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A popular song or melody sung by Venetian gondoliers.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A piece of music composed in imitation of such a song.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"con</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"k&obreve_;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>barcone</ets>, fr. <ets>barca</ets> a bark.]</ety> <def>A vessel for freight; -- used in the Mediterranean.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Of Celtic origin; cf. W. <ets>bardd</ets>, Arm. <ets>barz</ets>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <ets>bard</ets>, and F. <ets>barde</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A professional poet and singer, as among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence: A poet; <as>as, the <ex>bard</ex> of Avon</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bard</hw>, <hw>Barde</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(b&auml;rd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barde</ets>, of doubtful origin.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. [Often in the <pos>pl.</pos>]</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Cookery)</fld> <def>A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <fld>(Cookery)</fld> <def>To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ed</hw>, <pos>p. a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bard</er> horse armor.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Accoutered with defensive armor; -- said of a horse.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Wearing rich caparisons.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Fifteen hundred men . . . <qex>barded</qex> and richly trapped.</q> <rj><qau>Stow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ic</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to bards, or their poetry.</def> &ldquo;The <qex>bardic</qex> lays of ancient Greece.&rdquo; <rj><au>G. P. Marsh.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar*di"glio</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r*d&emacr;l"y&omacr;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It.]</ety> <def>An Italian marble of which the principal varieties occur in the neighborhood of Carrara and in Corsica. It commonly shows a dark gray or bluish ground traversed by veins.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to, or written by, a bard or bards.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Bardish</xex> impostures.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Selden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ism</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rd"&ibreve_;z'm)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The system of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ling</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rd"l&ibreve_;ng)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An inferior bard.</def>  <rj><au>J. Cunningham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard"ship</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of being a bard.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bar</ets>, <ets>bare</ets>, AS. <ets>b&aelig;r</ets>; akin to D. &amp; G. <ets>baar</ets>, OHG. <ets>par</ets>, Icel. <ets>berr</ets>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <ets>bar</ets>, Oslav. <ets>bos&ubreve;</ets> barefoot, Lith. <ets>basas</ets>; cf. Skr. <ets>bh&amacr;s</ets> to shine. &radic;85.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Without clothes or covering; stripped of the usual covering; naked; <as>as, his body is <ex>bare</ex>; the trees are <ex>bare</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>With head uncovered; bareheaded.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>When once thy foot enters the church, be <qex>bare</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Herbert.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Bare</qex> in thy guilt, how foul must thou appear !</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Plain; simple; unadorned; without polish; bald; meager.</def> &ldquo;Uttering <xex>bare</xex> truth.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Destitute; indigent; empty; unfurnished or scantily furnished; -- used with <xex>of</xex>  (rarely with <xex>in</xex>) before the thing wanting or taken away; <as>as, a room <ex>bare</ex> of furniture</as>.</def>  &ldquo;A <xex>bare</xex> treasury.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>Threadbare; much worn.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It appears by their <qex>bare</qex> liveries that they live by your bare words.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>Mere; alone; unaccompanied by anything else; <as>as, a <ex>bare</ex> majority</as>.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>bare</xex> necessaries of life.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Addison.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Nor are men prevailed upon by <qex>bare</qex> words.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Under bare poles</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>having no sail set.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Surface; body; substance.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>You have touched the very <qex>bare</qex> of naked truth.</q> <rj><qau>Marston.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bared</conjf>(b&acirc;rd); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Baring</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[AS. <ets>barian</ets>. See <er>Bare</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <def>To strip off the covering of; to make bare; <as>as, to <ex>bare</ex> the breast</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>. <def>Bore; the old preterit of <er>Bear</er>, <pos>v.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>bare-ass</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"&abreve;s`)</pr>, <hw>bare-assed</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"&abreve;st`)</pr>,</mhw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>completely naked.</def> <mark>[informal]</mark><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> in the altogether, in the buff, in the raw, raw, peeled, naked as a jaybird, stark naked.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"back`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"b&abreve;k`)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; <as>as, to ride <ex>bareback</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"backed`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"b&abreve;kd`)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the back uncovered; <as>as, a <ex>barebacked</ex> horse</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"bone`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"b&omacr;n`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bare" bones`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r" b&omacr;nz`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>the absolute minimum necessary.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bare"-bones`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"b&omacr;nz`)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>having only the absolute minimum necessary; having only the essential components.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bare-breasted</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"br&ebreve_;st`&ebreve_;d)</pr>, <pos>adj.</pos> <def>wearing no covering for the breasts or featuring such nudity.</def> <illu><ex>bare-breasted</ex> beauties parading along the beach</illu>"<br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> braless, topless.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"f&amacr;st`)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>With the face uncovered; not masked.</def> &ldquo;You will play <xex>barefaced</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Without concealment; undisguised.</def> <specif>Hence:</specif> <def>Shameless; audacious; <as>as, a <ex>barefaced</ex> lie</as>.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Barefaced</xex> treason.&rdquo;  <rj><au>J. Baillie.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Openly; shamelessly.</def>  <rj><au>Locke.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality of being barefaced; shamelessness; assurance; audaciousness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"foot</hw> <pr>(b&acirc;r"f&oobreve_;t)</pr>, <pos>a. &amp; adv.</pos> <def>With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"foot`ed</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the feet bare.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*r&eacute;ge"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bar&eacute;ge</ets>, so called from <ets>Bar&eacute;ges</ets>, a town in the Pyrenees.]</ety> <def>A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of worsted, silk and worsted, or cotton and worsted.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"hand`ed</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Having bare hands.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bare"head`ed</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bare"head</hw>  }</mhw>, <pos>a. &amp; adv.</pos> <def>Having the head uncovered; <as>as, a <ex>bareheaded</ex> girl</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw><hw>Bare"legged`</hw>, <hw>bare-legged</hw></mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the legs bare.</def> <illu><ex>bare-legged</ex> children on the beach</illu><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Without covering; nakedly.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Without concealment or disguise.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Merely; only.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qperson>R.</qperson> For now his son is duke.<br/>
<qperson>W.</qperson> <qex>Barely</qex> in title, not in revenue.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>But just; without any excess; with nothing to spare (of quantity, time, etc.); hence, scarcely; hardly; <as>as, there was <ex>barely</ex> enough for all; he <ex>barely</ex> escaped</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"necked`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the neck bare.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The state of being bare.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bare"sark</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Literally, <ets>bare sark</ets> or <ets>shirt</ets>.]</ety> <def>A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought without armor, or shirt of mail. Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail or armor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"fish`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Calico bass</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ful</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Full of obstructions.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bargayn</ets>, <ets>bargany</ets>, OF. <ets>bargaigne</ets>, <ets>bargagne</ets>, prob. from a supposed LL. <ets>barcaneum</ets>, fr. <ets>barca</ets> a boat which carries merchandise to the shore; hence, to traffic to and fro, to carry on commerce in general. See <er>Bark</er> a vessel. ]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds himself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds himself to receive the property and pay the consideration.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A contract is a <qex>bargain</qex> that is legally binding.</q> <rj><qau>Wharton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An agreement or stipulation; mutual pledge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And whon your honors mean to solemnize<br/>
The <qex>bargain</qex> of your faith.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A purchase; also ( when not qualified), a gainful transaction; an advantageous purchase; <as>as, to buy a thing at a <ex>bargain</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The thing stipulated or purchased; also, anything bought cheap.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>She was too fond of her most filthy <qex>bargain</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bargain and sale</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>a species of conveyance, by which the bargainor contracts to convey the lands to the bargainee, and becomes by such contract a trustee for and seized to the use of the bargainee. The statute then completes the purchase; <it>i. e.</it>, the bargain vests the use, and the statute vests the possession.</cd> <au>Blackstone.</au> -- <col><b>Into the bargain</b></col>, <cd>over and above what is stipulated; besides.</cd> -- <col><b>To sell bargains</b></col>, <cd>to make saucy (usually indelicate) repartees.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Swift.</au> -- <col><b>To strike a bargain</b></col>, <cd>to reach or ratify an agreement.</cd> &ldquo;A bargain was <xex>struck</xex>.&rdquo; <au>Macaulay.</au></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Contract; stipulation; purchase; engagement.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barganien</ets>, OF. <ets>bargaigner</ets>, F. <ets>barguigner</ets>, to hesitate, fr. LL. <ets>barcaniare</ets>. See <er>Bargain</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To make a bargain; to make a contract for the exchange of property or services; -- followed by <xex>with</xex> and <xex>for</xex>; <as>as, to <ex>bargain</ex> with a farmer for a cow</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>So worthless peasants <qex>bargain</qex> for their wives.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bargained</conjf> (&unr_;); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bargaining</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To transfer for a consideration; to barter; to trade; <as>as, to <ex>bargain</ex> one horse for another</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To bargain away</b></col>, <cd>to dispose of in a bargain; -- usually with a sense of loss or disadvantage; as, to <xex>bargain away</xex> one's birthright.</cd>  &ldquo;The heir . . . had somehow <xex>bargained away</xex> the estate.&rdquo;  <rj><au>G. Eliot.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`gain*ee"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bargaign&eacute;</ets>, p. p. See <er>Bargain</er>, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to receive, the property sold.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who makes a bargain; -- sometimes in the sense of <xex>bargainor</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`gain*or"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>One who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., one who sells, or contracts to sell, property to another.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barge</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>barge</ets>, F. <ets>berge</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>barca</ets>, for <ets>barica</ets> (not found), prob. fr. L. <ets>baris</ets> an Egyptian rowboat, fr. Gr. <ets>&unr_;</ets>, prob. fr. Egyptian: cf. Coptic <ets>bari</ets> a boat. Cf. <er>Bark</er> a vessel.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state, elegantly furnished and decorated.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; <as>as, a ship's <ex>barge</ex>; a charcoal <ex>barge</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A large boat used by flag officers.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A double-decked passenger or freight vessel, towed by a steamboat.</def> <mark>[U.S.]</mark><br/>
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<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A large omnibus used for excursions.</def> <mark>[Local, U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"board`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perh. corrup. of <ets>vergeboard</ets>; or cf. LL. <ets>bargus</ets> a kind of gallows.]</ety> <def>A vergeboard.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"course`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bargeboard</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A part of the tiling which projects beyond the principal rafters, in buildings where there is a gable.</def>  <rj><au>Gwilt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*gee"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A bargeman.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bargello</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a needlepoint stitch that produces zigzag lines.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"man</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The man who manages a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"mast`ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The proprietor or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ger</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The manager of a barge.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ghest`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perh. G. <ets>berg</ets> mountain + <ets>geist</ets> demon, or <ets>b&auml;r</ets> a bear + <ets>geist</ets>.]</ety> <def>A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune.</def>  <altsp>[Also written <asp>barguest</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"ri*a</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Barium</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Baryta.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to barium; <as>as, <ex>baric</ex> oxide</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ic</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <ets>&unr_;</ets> weight.]</ety> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to weight, esp. to the weight or pressure of the atmosphere as measured by the barometer.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ril"la</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>barrilla</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Com.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The alkali produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making soap, glass, etc., and for bleaching purposes.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or kelp.</def>  <rj><au>Ure.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Copper barilla</b></col> <fld>(Min.)</fld>, <cd>native copper in granular form mixed with sand, an ore brought from Bolivia; -- called also <altname>Barilla de cobre</altname>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"il*let</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., dim. of <ets>baril</ets> barrel.]</ety> <def>A little cask, or something resembling one.</def>  <rj><au>Smart.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar" i`ron</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>See under <er>Iron</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"rite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colorless, white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence is often called <altname>heavy spar</altname>. It is a common mineral in metallic veins.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"i*tone</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a. &amp; n.</pos> <def>See <er>Barytone</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"ri*um</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <ets><grk>bary`s</grk></ets> heavy.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic weight, 137.  Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called <xex>baryta</xex>.</def>  <altsp>[Rarely written <asp>barytum</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called <xex>heavy spar</xex>, and the like. The oxide was called <xex>barote</xex>, by Guyton de Morveau, which name was changed by Lavoisier to <xex>baryta</xex>, whence the name of the metal.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bard</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Akin to Dan. &amp; Sw. <ets>bark</ets>, Icel. <ets>b&ouml;rkr</ets>, LG. &amp; HG. <ets>borke</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Specifically, Peruvian bark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bark bed</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Bark stove</er> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Bark pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit filled with bark and water, in which hides are steeped in tanning.</cd> -- <col><b>Bark stove</b></col> <fld>(Hort.)</fld>, <cd>a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having a bed of tanner's bark (called a <xex>bark bed</xex>)  or other fermentable matter which produces a moist heat.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barked</conjf> (&unr_;); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barking</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To strip the bark from; to peel.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as to <xex>bark</xex> one's heel.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To girdle. See <er>Girdle</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark; <as>as, to <ex>bark</ex> the roof of a hut</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>berken</ets>, AS. <ets>beorcan</ets>; akin to Icel. <ets>berkja</ets>, and prob. to E. <ets>break</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs; -- said of some animals, but especially of dogs.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They <qex>bark</qex>, and say the Scripture maketh heretics.</q> <rj><qau>Tyndale.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Where there is the <qex>barking</qex> of the belly, there no other commands will be heard, much less obeyed.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other animals.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bark</hw>, <hw>Barque</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barque</ets>, fr. Sp. or It. <ets>barca</ets>, fr. LL. <ets>barca</ets> for <ets>barica</ets>. See <er>Barge</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind.</def>  <rj><au>Byron.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"an*tine</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Barkentine</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark" bee`tle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small beetle of many species (family <fam>Scolytid&aelig;</fam>), which in the larval state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"bound`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"keep`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who keeps or tends a bar for the sale of liquors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"en</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Made of bark.</def> <mark>[Poetic]</mark>  <rj><au>Whittier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"en*tine</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bark</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, a vessel.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. <altsp>[Spelled also <asp>barquentine</asp>, <asp>barkantine</asp>, etc.]</altsp> See <xex>Illust.</xex> in Append.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One who stands at the doors of shops to urg&unr_; passers by to make purchases.</def> <mark>[Cant, Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A pistol.</def> <mark>[Slang]</mark>  <rj><au>Dickens.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The spotted redshank.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"er</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who strips trees of their bark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"er's mill`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[From Dr. <ets>Barker</ets>, the inventor.]</ety> <def>A machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction wheel. The water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its axis.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"er*y</hw> <pr>(-&etilde_;r*&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A tanhouse.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"ing i`rons</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>Instruments used in taking off the bark of trees.</def>  <rj><au>Gardner.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A pair of pistols.</def> <mark>[Slang]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Destitute of bark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark" louse`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An insect of the family <fam>Coccid&aelig;</fam>, which infests the bark of trees and vines.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The wingless females assume the shape of scales. The bark louse of the vine is <spn>Pulvinaria innumerabilis</spn>; that of the pear is <spn>Lecanium pyri</spn>. See <er>Orange scale</er>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Covered with, or containing, bark.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>barky</xex> fingers of the elm.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barli</ets>, <ets>barlich</ets>, AS. <ets>b&aelig;rlic</ets>; <ets>bere</ets> barley + <ets>l&imacr;c</ets> (which is prob. the same as E. <ets>like</ets>, adj., or perh. a form of AS. <ets>le&amacr;c</ets> leek). AS. <ets>bere</ets> is akin to Icel, <ets>barr</ets> barley, Goth. <ets>barizeins</ets> made of barley, L. <ets>far</ets> spelt; cf. W. <ets>barlys</ets> barley, <ets>bara</ets> bread. &unr_;92. Cf. <er>Farina</er>, 6th <er>Bear</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus <gen>Hordeum</gen>, used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 120 pr=SA --></p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barley bird</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the siskin.</cd> -- <col><b>Barley sugar</b></col>, <cd>sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied.</cd> -- <col><b>Barley water</b></col>, <cd>a decoction of barley, used in medicine, as a nutritive and demulcent.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"ley*brake`</hw> <hw>Bar"ley*break`</hw> }</mhw> <pr>(b&auml;r"l&ybreve_;*br&amacr;k`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An ancient rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a goal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley-bree`</hw> <pr>(-br&emacr;`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Lit. barley broth. See <er>Brew</er>.]</ety> <def>Liquor made from barley; strong ale.</def> <mark>[Humorous]</mark> <mark>[Scot.]</mark>  <rj><au>Burns.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley*corn`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Corn</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A grain or &ldquo;corn&rdquo; of barley.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Formerly , a measure of length, equal to the average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>John Barleycorn</b></col>, <cd>a humorous personification of barley as the source of malt liquor or whisky.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barm</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rm)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>berme</ets>, AS. <ets>beorma</ets>; akin to Sw. <ets>b&auml;rma</ets>, G. <ets>b&auml;rme</ets>, and prob. L. <ets>fermentum</ets>. &radic;93.]</ety> <def>Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barm</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bearm</ets>, <ets>berm</ets>, <ets>barm</ets>, AS. <ets>bearm</ets>; akin to E. <ets>bear</ets> to support.]</ety> <def>The lap or bosom.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"maid`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A girl or woman who attends the customers of a bar, as in a tavern or beershop.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A bouncing <qex>barmaid</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"mas`ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Berg</ets> + <ets>master</ets>: cf. G. <ets>Bergmeister</ets>.]</ety> <def>Formerly, a local judge among miners; now, an officer of the barmote.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barm"cloth`</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rm"kl&obreve_;th)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Apron.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"me*ci`dal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Barmecide</er>.]</ety> <def>Unreal; illusory.</def> &ldquo;A sort of <xex>Barmecidal</xex> feast.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hood.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"me*cide</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A prince of the <ets>Barmecide</ets> family, who, as related in the  &ldquo;Arabian Nights' Tales&rdquo;, pretended to set before the hungry Shacabac food, on which the latter pretended to feast.]</ety> <def>One who proffers some illusory advantage or benefit. Also used as an <pos>adj.</pos>: Barmecidal.</def> &ldquo;A <xex>Barmecide</xex> feast.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dickens.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"mote`</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"m&omacr;t`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Berg</ets> + <ets>mote</ets> meeting.]</ety> <def>A court held in Derbyshire, in England, for deciding controversies between miners.</def>  <rj><au>Blount.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barm"y</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rm"&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Full of barm or froth; in a ferment.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Barmy</xex> beer.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rn)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bern</ets>, AS. <ets>berern</ets>, <ets>bern</ets>; <ets>bere</ets> barley + <ets>ern</ets>, <ets>&aelig;rn</ets>, a close place.  &radic;92. See <er>Barley</er>.]</ety> <def>A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm.  In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barn owl</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>an owl of Europe and America (<spn>Aluco flammeus</spn>, or <spn>Strix flammea</spn>), which frequents barns and other buildings.</cd> -- <col><b>Barn swallow</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the common American swallow (<spn>Hirundo horreorum</spn>), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and rafters of barns.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To lay up in a barn.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Men . . . often <qex>barn</qex> up the chaff, and burn up the grain.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A child.  See <er>Bairn</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*bite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Eccl. Hist.)</fld> <def>A member of a religious order, named from <person>St. <etsep>Barnabas</etsep></person>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Prob. from E. <ets>barnacle</ets> a kind of goose, which was popularly supposed to grow from this shellfish; but perh. from LL. <ets>bernacula</ets> for <ets>pernacula</ets>, dim. of <ets>perna</ets> ham, sea mussel; cf. Gr. <grk>pe`rna</grk> ham.  Cf. F. <ets>bernacle</ets>, <ets>barnacle</ets>, E. <ets>barnacle</ets> a goose; and Ir. <ets>bairneach</ets>, <ets>barneach</ets>, limpet.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc., esp. <sd>(a)</sd> the sessile species (genus <gen>Balanus</gen> and allies), and <sd>(b)</sd> the stalked or goose barnacles (genus <gen>Lepas</gen> and allies). See <er>Cirripedia</er>, and <er>Goose barnacle</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barnacle eater</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the orange filefish.</cd> -- <col><b>Barnacle scale</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a bark louse (<spn>Ceroplastes cirripediformis</spn>) of the orange and quince trees in Florida. The female scale curiously resembles a sessile barnacle in form.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bernicle</er>.]</ety> <def>A bernicle goose.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bernak</ets>, <ets>bernacle</ets>; cf. OF. <ets>bernac</ets>, and Prov. F. (Berri) <ets>berniques</ets>, spectacles.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <def>An instrument for pinching a horse's nose, and thus restraining him.</def> <note>[Formerly used in the <pos>sing.</pos>]</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>barnacles</qex> . . . give pain almost equal to that of the switch.</q>  <rj><qau>Youatt.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Spectacles; -- so called from their resemblance to the barnacles used by farriers.</def> <mark>[Cant, Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Dickens.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barnacled</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>covered with barnacles.</def> <illu>the <ex>barnacled</ex> hull of a wrecked ship</illu><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn"burn`er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[So called in allusion to the fable of the man who burned his barn in order to rid it of rats.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A member of the radical section of the Democratic party in New York, about the middle of the 19th century, which was hostile to extension of slavery, public debts, corporate privileges, etc., and supported <person>Van Buren</person> against <person>Cass</person> for president in 1848; -- opposed to <contr>Hunker</contr>.</def> <mark>[Political Cant, U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>an impressively successful or unusually good event.</def> <mark>[informal]</mark>  &rdquo;The rock concert was a real <xex>barnburner</xex>.&rdquo;<br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barndoor</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>An opaque adjustable flap on a lamp fixture; used in photography to cut off light from particular areas.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barnful</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quantity that a barn will hold.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn"storm`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i. &amp; t.</pos>  <ety>[<ets>Barn</ets> + <ets>storm</ets>, v.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To travel from place to place, making brief stops.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To fly an airplane from place to place, usually at small airports, doing flying stunts or flying passengers for sightseeing, for the purpose of earning money.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>to tour the country to solicit votes.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> whistlestop.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn"storm`er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <ety>[<ets>Barn</ets> + <ets>storm</ets>, v.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An itinerant theatrical player who plays in barns when a theatre is lacking; hence, an inferior actor, or one who plays in the country away from the larger cities.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Barn"storm`ing</wf>, <pos>n.</pos> <mark>[Theatrical Cant]</mark></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>an aviator who flies an airplane from place to place, usually at small airports, doing flying stunts or flying passengers for sightseeing, for the purpose of earning money.  It was a practise common in the early days of aviation, but by late 20th century was seldom encountered.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barn"yard`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A yard belonging to a barn.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*roc"co</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[It.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>See <er>Baroque</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*cy`clon*om"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>cyclone</ets> + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Meteorol.)</fld> <def>An aneroid barometer for use with accompanying graphic diagrams and printed directions designed to aid mariners to interpret the indications of the barometer so as to determine the existence of a violent storm at a distance of several hundred miles.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*gram</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>-gram</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Meteor.)</fld> <def>A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*graph</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*r&omacr;"k&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>-graph</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Meteor.)</fld> <def>An instrument for recording automatically the variations of atmospheric pressure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ro"ko</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A mnemonic word.]</ety> <fld>(Logic)</fld> <def>A form or mode of syllogism of which the first proposition is a universal affirmative, and the other two are particular negatives.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*rol"o*gy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>-logy</ets>.]</ety> <def>The science of weight or gravity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*ma*crom"e*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <grk>makro`s</grk> long + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>An instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of a newborn infant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*rom"e*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>-meter</ets>: cf. F. <ets>barom&egrave;tre</ets>.]</ety> <def>An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The barometer was invented by Torricelli at Florence about 1643. It is made in its simplest form by filling a graduated glass tube about 34 inches long with mercury and inverting it in a cup containing mercury. The column of mercury in the tube descends until balanced by the weight of the atmosphere, and its rise or fall under varying conditions is a measure of the change in the atmospheric pressure. At the sea level its ordinary height is about 30 inches (760 millimeters). See <er>Sympiesometer</er>.</note>  <rj><au>Nichol.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Aneroid barometer</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>Aneroid barometer</cref>, under <er>Aneroid</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer with tube contracted at bottom to prevent rapid oscillations of the mercury, and suspended in gimbals from an arm or support on shipboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain barometer</b></col>, <cd>a portable mercurial barometer with tripod support, and long scale, for measuring heights.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer having a tube bent like a hook with the longer leg closed at the top. The height of the mercury in the longer leg shows the pressure of the atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer with recurved tube, and a float, from which a cord passes over a pulley and moves an index.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar`o*met"ric</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r`&ouptack_;*m&ebreve_;t"r&ibreve_;k)</pr>, <hw>Bar`o*met"ric*al</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r`&ouptack_;*m&ebreve_;t"r&ibreve_;*k&aitalic_;l)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to the barometer; made or indicated by a barometer; <as>as, <ex>barometric</ex> changes; <ex>barometrical</ex> observations</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*met"ric*al*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>By means of a barometer, or according to barometric observations.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*met"ro*graph</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r`&ouptack_;*m&ebreve_;t"r&ouptack_;*gr&adot_;f)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <grk>me`tron</grk> measure + <ets>-graph</ets>.]</ety> <def>A form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itself upon paper a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*rom"e*try</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The art or process of making barometrical measurements.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*metz</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Russ. <ets>baranets'</ets> clubmoss.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The woolly-skinned rhizoma or rootstock of a fern (<spn>Dicksonia barometz</spn>), which, when specially prepared and inverted, somewhat resembles a lamb; -- called also <altname>Scythian lamb</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baron</ets>, <ets>barun</ets>, OF. <ets>baron</ets>, accus. of <ets>ber</ets>, F. <ets>baron</ets>, prob. fr. OHG. <ets>baro</ets> (not found) bearer, akin to E. <ets>bear</ets> to support; cf. O. Frisian <ets>bere</ets>, LL. <ets>baro</ets>, It. <ets>barone</ets>, Sp. <ets>varon</ets>. From the meaning <ets>bearer</ets> (of burdens) seem to have come the senses <ets>strong man</ets>, <ets>man</ets> (in distinction from woman), which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, <ets>nobleman</ets>. Cf. L. <ets>baro</ets>, simpleton. See <er>Bear</er> to support.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; &ldquo;The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled <ex>Barons</ex>; and it is to them, and not to the members of the lowest grade of the nobility (to whom the title at the present time belongs), that reference is made when we read of the Barons of the early days of England's history.  . . . Barons are addressed as &lsquo;My Lord,' and are styled &lsquo;Right Honorable.' All their sons and daughters are &lsquo;Honorable.'&rdquo;</note>  <rj><au>Cussans.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Old Law)</fld> <def>A husband; <as>as, <ex>baron</ex> and <ex>feme</ex>, husband and wife</as>.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Cowell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Baron of beef</b></col>, <cd>two sirloins not cut asunder at the backbone.</cd> -- <col><b>Barons of the Cinque Ports</b></col>, <cd>formerly members of the House of Commons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for each port.</cd> -- <col><b>Barons of the exchequer</b></col>, <cd>the judges of the Court of Exchequer, one of the three ancient courts of England, now abolished.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*age</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barnage</ets>, <ets>baronage</ets>, OF. <ets>barnage</ets>, F. <ets>baronnage</ets>; cf. LL. <ets>baronagium</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The whole body of barons or peers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>baronage</qex> of the kingdom.</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Burnet.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The dignity or rank of a baron.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The land which gives title to a baron.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baronduki</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>same as <er>baranduki</er>; the terrestrial Siberian squirrel.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baranduki, barunduki, burunduki, Eutamius asiaticus, Eutamius sibiricus.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*ess</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A baron's wife; also, a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right; <as>as, the <ex>Baroness</ex> Burdett-Coutts</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Baron</ets> + <ets>-et</ets>.]</ety> <def>A dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above a knight, having precedency of all orders of knights except those of the Garter.  It is the lowest degree of honor that is hereditary. The baronets are commoners.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The order was founded by James I. in 1611, and is given by patent. The word, however, in the sense of a <xex>lesser</xex> baron, was in use long before. &ldquo;Baronets have the title of 'Sir' prefixed to their Christian names; their surnames being followed by their dignity, usually abbreviated <abbr>Bart.</abbr>  Their wives are addressed as 'Lady' or 'Madam'. Their sons are possessed of no title beyond 'Esquire.'&rdquo;</note>  <rj><au>Cussans.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et*age</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>State or rank of a baronet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The collective body of baronets.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et*cy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The rank or patent of a baronet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*rong"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Native name.]</ety> <def>A kind of cutting weapon similar to a cleaver, with a thick back and thin razorlike edge, used by the Moros of the Philippine Islands.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ro"ni*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to a baron or a barony.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Baronial</xex> tenure.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hallam.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*ny</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Baronies</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[OF. <ets>baronie</ets>, F. <ets>baronnie</ets>, LL. <ets>baronia</ets>. See <er>Baron</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>In Ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the English <altname>hundred</altname>, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief.  There are 252 of these baronies.  In Scotland, an extensive freehold.  It may be held by a commoner.</def>  <rj><au>Brande &amp; C.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*roque"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F.; cf. It. <ets>barocco</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sn>1.</sn> <def>of, pertaining to, or characteristic of, an artistic style common in the 17th century, characterized by the use of complex and elaborate ornamentation, curved rather than straight lines, and, in music a high degree of embellishment.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, overly complicated, or ornamented to excess; in bad taste; grotesque; odd.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Irregular in form; -- said esp. of a pearl.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*scope</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"&ouptack_;*sk&omacr;p)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight + <ets>-scope</ets>:  cf. F. <ets>baroscope</ets>.]</ety> <def>Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar`o*scop"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bar`o*scop"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to, or determined by, the baroscope.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*ther"mo*graph</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. &unr_; weight + <ets>thermograph</ets>.]</ety> <def>An instrument for recording both pressure and temperature, as of the atmosphere.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*rouche"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[G. <ets>barutsche</ets>, It. <ets>baroccio</ets>, <ets>biroccio</ets>, LL. <ets>barrotium</ets>, fr. L. <ets>birotus</ets> two-wheeled; <ets>bi- = bis</ets> twice + <ets>rota</ets> wheel.]</ety> <def>A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on the outside for the driver, and two double seats on the inside arranged so that the sitters on the front seat face those on the back seat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`rou*chet"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of light barouche.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"post`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A post sunk in the ground to receive the bars closing a passage into a field.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barque</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as 3d <er>Bark</er>, <pos>n.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*can</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baracan</ets>, <ets>bouracan</ets> (cf. Pr. <ets>barracan</ets>, It. <ets>baracane</ets>, Sp. <ets>barragan</ets>, Pg. <ets>barregana</ets>, LL. <ets>barracanus</ets>), fr. Ar. <ets>barrak&amacr;n</ets> a kind of black gown, perh. fr. Per. <ets>barak</ets> a garment made of camel's hair.]</ety> <def>A thick, strong stuff, somewhat like camlet; -- still used for outer garments in the Levant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baraque</ets>, fr. It. <ets>baracca</ets> (cf. Sp. <ets>barraca</ets>), from LL. <ets>barra</ets> bar. See <er>Bar</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>A building for soldiers, especially when in garrison.  Commonly in the <pluf>pl.</pluf>, originally meaning temporary huts, but now usually applied to a permanent structure or set of buildings.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He lodged in a miserable hut or <qex>barrack</qex>, composed of dry branches and thatched with straw.</q> <rj><qau>Gibbon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A movable roof sliding on four posts, to cover hay, straw, etc.</def> <mark>[Local, U.S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To supply with barracks; to establish in barracks; <as>as, to <ex>barrack</ex> troops</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To live or lodge in barracks.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*clade</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>baar</ets>, OD. <ets>baer</ets>, naked, bare + <ets>kleed</ets> garment, <it>i. e.</it>, cloth undressed or without nap.]</ety> <def>A home-made woolen blanket without nap.</def> <mark>[Local, New York]</mark>  <rj><au>Bartlett.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*coon`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. or Pg. <ets>barraca</ets>. See <er>Barrack</er>.]</ety> <def>A slave warehouse, or an inclosure where slaves are quartered temporarily.</def>  <rj><au>Du Chaillu.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar`ra*cu"da</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bar`ra*cou"ta</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Native name.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any of several voracious pikelike marine fishes allied to the gray mullets, constituting the genus <gen>Sphyr&aelig;na</gen> and family <fam>Sphyr&aelig;nid&aelig;</fam>.  The great barracuda (<spn>Sphyr&aelig;na barracuda</spn>) of the West Indies, Florida, etc., is often six feet or more long, and as dangerous as a shark.  In Cuba its flesh is reputed to be poisonous.  <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na Argentea</spn> of the Pacific coast and <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na sphyr&aelig;na</spn> of Europe are smaller species, and are used as food.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; That of Europe and our Atlantic coast is <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na spet</spn> (or <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na vulgaris</spn>); a southern species is <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na picuda</spn>; the Californian is <spn>Sphyr&aelig;na argentea</spn>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A large edible fresh-water fish of Australia and New Zealand (<spn>Thyrsites atun</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rage</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>barrer</ets> to bar, from <ets>barre</ets> bar.]</ety> <fld>(Engin.)</fld> <def>An artificial bar or obstruction placed in a river or watercourse to increase the depth of water; <as>as, the <ex>barrages</ex> of the Nile</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ra*mun"di</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <altsp>[Written also <asp>barramunda</asp>.]</altsp> <ety>[Native name.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A remarkable Australian fresh-water ganoid fish of the genus <gen>Ceratodus</gen>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>An Australian river fish (<spn>Osteoglossum Leichhardtii</spn>).</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar*ran"ca</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp.]</ety> <def>A ravine caused by heavy rains or a watercourse.</def> <mark>[Texas &amp; N. Mex.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"ras</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A resin, called also <altname>galipot</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*tor</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baratour</ets>, OF. <ets>barateor</ets> deceiver, fr. OF. <ets>barater</ets>, <ets>bareter</ets>, to deceive, cheat, barter. See <er>Barter</er>, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety> <def>One guilty of barratry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*trous</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Tainted with, or constituting, barratry.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Bar"ra*trous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms>  <rj><au>Kent.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*try</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>baraterie</ets>, LL. <ets>barataria</ets>. See <er>Barrator</er>, and cf. <er>Bartery</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.</def> <altsp>[Also spelt <asp>barretry</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Coke. Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mar. Law)</fld> <def>A fraudulent breach of duty or willful act of known illegality on the part of a master of a ship, in his character of master, or of the mariners, to the injury of the owner of the ship or cargo, and without his consent. It includes every breach of trust committed with dishonest purpose, as by running away with the ship, sinking or deserting her, etc., or by embezzling the cargo.</def>  <rj><au>Kent.</au>  <au>Park.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Scots Law)</fld> <def>The crime of a judge who is influenced by bribery in pronouncing judgment.</def>  <rj><au>Wharton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barred" owl"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A large American owl (<spn>Syrnium nebulosum</spn>); -- so called from the transverse bars of a dark brown color on the breast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ebreve_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos><ety>[OE. <ets>barel</ets>, F. <ets>baril</ets>, prob. fr. <ets>barre</ets> bar. Cf. <er>Barricade</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A round vessel or cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads; <as>as, a cracker <ex>barrel</ex></as>.  Sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a <contr>drum</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The quantity which constitutes a full barrel.  This varies for different articles and also in different places for the same article, being regulated by custom or by law.  A barrel of wine is 31<frac>1/2</frac> gallons; a barrel of flour is 196 pounds.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case; <as>as, the <ex>barrel</ex> of a windlass; the <ex>barrel</ex> of a watch, within which the spring is coiled</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 121 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile is discharged.</def>  <rj><au>Knight.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A jar.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>1 Kings xvii. 12.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The hollow basal part of a feather.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barrel bulk</b></col> <fld>(Com.)</fld>, <cd>a measure equal to five cubic feet, used in estimating capacity, as of a vessel for freight.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel drain</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a drain in the form of a cylindrical tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel of a boiler</b></col>, <cd>the cylindrical part of a boiler, containing the flues.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel of the ear</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>the tympanum, or tympanic cavity.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel organ</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for producing music by the action of a revolving cylinder.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel vault</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Vault</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ebreve_;l)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barreled</conjf> <pr>(-r&ebreve_;ld)</pr>, or <conjf>Barrelled</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barreling</conjf>, or <conjf>Barrelling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To put or to pack in a barrel or barrels.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bar"rel cac"tus</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ebreve_;l k&abreve;k"t&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>barrel cacti</plw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ebreve_;l k&abreve;k"t&imacr;)</pr></plu>. <def>any of several large cacti native to the southwestern U. S. and Mexico, having a short cylindrical form with deep vertical ribs and bearing sharp spines.  They are classed in the genera <gen>Ferocactus</gen> and <gen>Echinocactus</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"reled</hw>, <hw>Bar"relled</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having a barrel; -- used in composition; <as>as, a double-<ex>barreled</ex> gun</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>put in or stored in a barrel; ; <as>as, <ex>barreled</ex> beer</as>; -- opposite of <ant>unbarreled</ant>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>tapered toward both ends; -- of an arrow.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barrelfish</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A blackish fish (<spn>Hyperglyphe perciformis</spn>) of New England waters.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> black rudderfish.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barrelful</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quantity that a barrel (of any size) will hold.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> barrel.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barrelhouse</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A cheap drinking and dancing establishment.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> honky-tonk.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel proc"ess</hw>. <fld>(Metal.)</fld> <def>A process of extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in a revolving barrel, or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution, or other reagent.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&eitalic_;n)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barein</ets>, OF. <ets>brehaing</ets>, fem. <ets>brehaigne</ets>, <ets>baraigne</ets>, F. <ets>br&eacute;haigne</ets>; of uncertain origin; cf. Arm. <ets>br&eacute;kha&ntilde;</ets>, <ets>markha&ntilde;</ets>, sterile; LL. <ets>brana</ets> a sterile mare, principally in Aquitanian and Spanish documents; Bisc. <ets>barau</ets>, <ets>baru</ets>, fasting.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; -- said of women and female animals.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>She was <qex>barren</qex> of children.</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Hall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation; sterile.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Barren</xex> mountain tracts.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Macaulay.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable; empty.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Brilliant but <qex>barren</qex> reveries.</q> <rj><qau>Prescott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some schemes will appear <qex>barren</qex> of hints and matter.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Mentally dull; stupid.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barren flower</b></col>, <cd>a flower which has only stamens without a pistil, or which has neither stamens nor pistils.</cd> -- <col><b>Barren Grounds</b></col> <fld>(Geog.)</fld>, <cd>a vast tract in British America northward of the forest regions.</cd> -- <col><b>Barren Ground bear</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a peculiar bear, inhabiting the Barren Grounds, now believed to be a variety of the brown bear of Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Barren Ground caribou</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a small reindeer (<spn>Rangifer Gr&oelig;nlandicus</spn>) peculiar to the Barren Grounds and Greenland.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A tract of barren land.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; <as>as, pine <ex>barrens</ex>; oak <ex>barrens</ex></as>. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile.</def> <mark>[Amer.]</mark>  <rj><au>J. Pickering.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Unfruitfully; unproductively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The condition of being barren; sterility; unproductiveness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A total <qex>barrenness</qex> of invention.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*wort`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>An herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (<spn>Epimedium alpinum</spn>), having leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ret</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barrette</ets>, LL. <ets>barretum</ets> a cap. See <er>Berretta</er>, and cf. <er>Biretta</er>.]</ety> <def>A kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also <altname>barret cap</altname>. Also, the flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bar"ret*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bareter</ets> to exchange. Cf. <er>Barter</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Electronics)</fld> <def>a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (such as those arising from temperature fluctuations); a thermal cymoscope.</def>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ballast resistor.</syn><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_;  The original form consisted of an extremely fine platinum wire loop attached to terminals and inclosed in a small glass or silver bulb. It operates by increased resistance when subjected to the influence of an electric current. In a later variety, called the <col><b>liquid barretter</b></col>, wire is replace by a column of liquid in a very fine capillary tube.  A recent version has a resistor composed of an iron wire in a glass bulb containing hydrogen, with the temperature variation of resistance such that the current passing through it remains constant over a wide range of applied voltages.</note><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cade"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>barricade</ets>, fr. Sp. <ets>barricada</ets>, orig. a barring up with casks; fr. <ets>barrica</ets> cask, perh. fr. LL. <ets>barra</ets> bar. See <er>Bar</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and cf. <er>Barrel</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>A fortification, made in haste, of trees, earth, palisades, wagons, or anything that will obstruct the progress or attack of an enemy. It is usually an obstruction formed in streets to block an enemy's access.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any bar, obstruction, or means of defense.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Such a <qex>barricade</qex> as would greatly annoy, or absolutely stop, the currents of the atmosphere.</q> <rj><qau>Derham.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cade"</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Barricaded</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Barricading</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>barricader</ets>. See <er>Barricade</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To fortify or close with a barricade or with barricades; to stop up, as a passage; to obstruct; <as>as, the workmen <ex>barricaded</ex> the streets of Paris</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The further end whereof [a bridge] was <qex>barricaded</qex> with barrels.</q> <rj><qau>Hakluyt.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cad"er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who constructs barricades.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*ca"do</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n. &amp; v. t.</pos> <def>See <er>Barricade</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ri*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barrere</ets>, <ets>barere</ets>, F. <ets>barri&egrave;re</ets>, fr. <ets>barre</ets> bar. See <er>Bar</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in order to stop an enemy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A fortress or fortified town, on the frontier of a country, commanding an avenue of approach.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>A fence or railing to mark the limits of a place, or to keep back a crowd.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>No sooner were the <qex>barriers</qex> opened, than he paced into the lists.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Any obstruction; anything which hinders approach or attack.</def> &ldquo;Constitutional <xex>barriers</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hopkinson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Any limit or boundary; a line of separation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>'Twixt that [instinct] and reason, what a nice <qex>barrier</qex>!</q>  <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Barrier gate</b></col>, <cd>a heavy gate to close the opening through a barrier.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrier reef</b></col>, <cd>a form of coral reef which runs in the general direction of the shore, and incloses a lagoon channel more or less extensive.</cd> -- <col><b>To fight at barriers</b></col>, <cd>to fight with a barrier between, as a martial exercise.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar`ri*gu"do</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Native name, fr. Sp. <ets>barrigudo</ets> big-bellied.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A large, dark-colored, South American monkey, of the genus <gen>Lagothrix</gen>, having a long prehensile tail.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bar"ring</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> blackball.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`ring*out"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of closing the doors of a schoolroom against a schoolmaster; -- a boyish mode of rebellion in schools.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bar"ri*o</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>Barrios</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[Sp.]</ety> <def>In Spain and countries colonized by Spain, a village, ward, or district outside a town or city to whose jurisdiction it belongs; in Spanish-speaking areas of cities in the United States, it is a neighborhood, ward, or quarter inside a town.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ris*ter</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Bar</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>Counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at the bar, and undertake the public trial of causes, as distinguished from an attorney or solicitor. See <er>Attorney</er>.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"room`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A room containing a bar or counter at which liquors are sold.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>a commercial establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter.</def>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> bar-room, bar, saloon, ginmill, taproom.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barow</ets>, fr. AS. <ets>beran</ets> to bear. See <er>Bear</er> to support, and cf. <er>Bier</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A support having handles, and with or without a wheel, on which heavy or bulky things can be transported by hand. See <er>Handbarrow</er>, and <er>Wheelbarrow</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Salt Works)</fld> <def>A wicker case, in which salt is put to drain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;r"r&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>barow</ets>, <ets>bargh</ets>, AS. <ets>bearg</ets>, <ets>bearh</ets>; akin to Icel. <ets>b&ouml;rgr</ets>, OHG. <ets>barh</ets>, <ets>barug</ets>, G. <ets>barch</ets>.  &radic;95.]</ety> <def>A hog, esp. a male hog castrated.</def>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bergh</ets>, AS. <ets>beorg</ets>, <ets>beorh</ets>, hill, sepulchral mound; akin to G. <ets>berg</ets> mountain, Goth. <ets>bairgahei</ets> hill, hilly country, and perh. to Skr. <ets>b&rsdot_;hant</ets> high, OIr. <ets>brigh</ets> mountain.  Cf. <er>Berg</er>, <er>Berry</er> a mound, and <er>Borough</er> an incorporated town.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A large mound of earth or stones over the remains of the dead; a tumulus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>A heap of rubbish, attle, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"row*ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Eccl. Hist.)</fld> <def>A follower of <person>Henry <etsep>Barrowe</etsep></person>, one of the founders of Independency or Congregationalism in England.  Barrowe was executed for nonconformity in 1593.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ru*let</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Dim. of <ets>bar</ets>, n.]</ety> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>A diminutive of the bar, having one fourth its width.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ru*ly</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Traversed by barrulets or small bars; -- said of the field.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Divided into bars; -- said of the field.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barse</hw> <pr>(b&auml;rs)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>bears</ets>, <ets>b&aelig;rs</ets>, akin to D. <ets>baars</ets>, G. <ets>bars</ets>, <ets>barsch</ets>. Cf. 1st <er>Bass</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>The common perch. See 1st <er>Bass</er>.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Halliwell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bart.</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>an abbreviation of <er>baronet</er>.</def> <mark>[Abbrev.]</mark> &ldquo;Since he was a baronet he had to be addressed as <person>Sir Henry Jones, Bart.</person>&ldquo;<br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> baronet.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"tend`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A barkeeper.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"t&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bartered</conjf> (b&auml;r"t&etilde_;rd); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bartering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>bartren</ets>, OF. <ets>barater</ets>, <ets>bareter</ets>, to cheat, exchange, perh. fr. Gr. <grk>pra`ttein</grk> to do, deal (well or ill), use practices or tricks, or perh. fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. <ets>brath</ets> treachery, W. <ets>brad</ets>. Cf. <er>Barrator</er>.]</ety> <def>To traffic or trade, by exchanging one commodity for another, in distinction from a <xex>sale</xex> and <xex>purchase</xex>, in which money is paid for the commodities transferred; to truck.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To trade or exchange in the way of barter; to exchange (frequently for an unworthy consideration); to traffic; to truck; -- sometimes followed by <xex>away</xex>; <as>as, to <ex>barter</ex> away goods or honor</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act or practice of trafficking by exchange of commodities; an exchange of goods.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The spirit of huckstering and <qex>barter</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The thing given in exchange.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Exchange; dealing; traffic; trade; truck.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter*er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who barters.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter*y</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Barter.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Camden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Barth</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Etymol. unknown.]</ety> <def>A place of shelter for cattle.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Halliwell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar*thol"o*mew tide`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>Time of the festival of <person>St. Bartholomew</person>, August 24th.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ti*zan`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Brettice</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense, usually projecting at an angle of a building or near an entrance gateway.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bart"lett</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A Bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated in England about 1770, and was called <altname>Williams' Bonchr&eacute;tien</altname>.  It was brought to America, and distributed by <person>Mr. Enoch Bartlett</person>, of Dorchester, Massachusetts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ton</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"t&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets>beret&umacr;n</ets> courtyard, grange; <ets>bere</ets> barley + <ets>t&umacr;n</ets> an inclosure.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The demesne lands of a manor; also, the manor itself.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Burton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A farmyard.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Southey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"tram</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>See <er>Bertram</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Johnson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"way`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A passage into a field or yard, closed by bars made to take out of the posts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"wise`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Horizontally.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"wood`</hw> <pr>(b&auml;r"w&oobreve_;d`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A red wood of a leguminous tree (<spn>Baphia nitida</spn>), from Angola and the Gabon in Africa.  It is used as a dyewood, and also for ramrods, violin bows and turner's work.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>barycenter</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>the point representing the mean position of the matter in a body.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> centroid, center of mass.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar`y*cen"tric</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy + <grk>ke`ntron</grk> center.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to the center of gravity. See <cref>Barycentric calculus</cref>, under <er>Calculus</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baryon</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> heavy particle.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ryph"o*ny</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy + <grk>fwnh`</grk> a sound, voice.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Difficulty of speech.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"y*sphere</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy + <ets>sphere</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>The heavy interior portion of the earth, within the lithosphere.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"ta</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy. Cf. <er>Baria</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>An oxide of barium (or barytum); a heavy earth with a specific gravity above 4.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"tes</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy:  cf. Gr. <grk>bary`ths</grk> heaviness, F. <ets>baryte</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Barium sulphate, generally called <altname>heavy spar</altname> or <altname>barite</altname>. See <er>Barite</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ryt"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to baryta.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"to-cal"cite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Baryta</ets> + <ets>calcite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A mineral of a white or gray color, occurring massive or crystallized. It is a compound of the carbonates of barium and calcium.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"y*tone</hw>, <hw>Bar"i*tone</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>bary`tonos</grk>; <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy + <grk>to`nos</grk> tone.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>Grave and deep, as a kind of male voice.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Greek Gram.)</fld> <def>Not marked with an accent on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bar"y*tone</hw>, <hw>Bar"i*tone</hw>  }</mhw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>baryton</ets>: cf. It. <ets>baritono</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A male voice, the compass of which partakes of the common bass and the tenor, but which does not descend as low as the one, nor rise as high as the other.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A person having a voice of such range.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>The viola di gamba, now entirely disused.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Greek Gram.)</fld> <def>A word which has no accent marked on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"tum</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The metal barium. See <er>Barium</er>.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Relating to, or forming, the base.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Basal cleavage</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Cleavage</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Basal plane</b></col> <fld>(Crystallog.)</fld>, <cd>a plane parallel to the lateral or horizontal axis.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sal-nerved`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of leaves.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>basaltes</ets> (an African word), a dark and hard species of marble found in Ethiopia: cf. F. <ets>basalte</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>A rock of igneous origin, consisting of augite and triclinic feldspar, with grains of magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle-green particles of olivine frequently disseminated.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; It is usually of a greenish black color, or of some dull brown shade, or black. It constitutes immense beds in some regions, and also occurs in veins or dikes cutting through other rocks. It has often a prismatic structure as at the Giant's Causeway, in Ireland, where the columns are as regular as if the work of art. It is a very tough and heavy rock, and is one of the best materials for macadamizing roads.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An imitation, in pottery, of natural basalt; a kind of black porcelain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>basaltique</ets>.]</ety> <def>Pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing, basalt; as <xex>basaltic</xex> lava.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"i*form</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basalt</ets> + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>In the form of basalt; columnar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"oid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basalt</ets> + <ets>-oid</ets>.]</ety> <def>Formed like basalt; basaltiform.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"an</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Basil</er>, a sheepskin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"a*nite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>basanites</ets> lapis, Gr. <grk>ba`sanos</grk> the touchstone: cf. F. <ets>basanite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left on the stone when rubbed by the metal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bas`bleu"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>bas</ets> stocking + <ets>bleu</ets> blue.]</ety> <def>A bluestocking; a literary woman.</def> <mark>[Somewhat derisive]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ci*net</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bacinet</ets>, <ets>basnet</ets>, OF. <ets>bassinet</ets>, <ets>bacinet</ets>, F. <ets>bassinet</ets>, dim. of OF. <ets>bacin</ets>, F. <ets>bassin</ets>, a helmet in the form of a basin.]</ety> <def>A light helmet, at first open, but later made with a visor.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>basinet</asp>, <asp>bassinet</asp>, <asp>basnet</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"cule</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;s"k&uuptack_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., a seesaw.]</ety> <def>In mechanics, an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, in which one end rises as the other falls.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bascule bridge</b></col>, <cd>a counterpoise or balanced drawbridge, which is opened by sinking the counterpoise and thus lifting the footway into the air.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;s)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>bass</ets>, F. <ets>bas</ets>, low, fr. LL. <ets>bassus</ets> thick, fat, short, humble; cf. L. <ets>Bassus</ets>, a proper name, and W. <ets>bas</ets> shallow. Cf. <er>Bass</er> a part in music.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of little, or less than the usual, height; of low growth; <as>as, <ex>base</ex> shrubs</as>.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Low in place or position.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Of humble birth; or low degree; lowly; mean.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark> &ldquo;A peasant and <xex>base</xex> swain.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Illegitimate by birth; bastard.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Why bastard? wherefore <qex>base</qex>?</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Of little comparative value, as metal inferior to gold and silver, the precious metals.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; <as>as, <ex>base</ex> coin; <ex>base</ex> bullion</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; <as>as, a <ex>base</ex> fellow; <ex>base</ex> motives; <ex>base</ex> occupations</as>.</def> &ldquo;A cruel act of a <xex>base</xex> and a cowardish mind.&rdquo; <au>Robynson (More's Utopia).</au> &ldquo;<xex>Base</xex> ingratitude.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>Not classical or correct.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Base</xex> Latin.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <def>Deep or grave in sound; <as>as, the <ex>base</ex> tone of a violin</as>.</def> <altsp>[In this sense, commonly written <asp>bass.</asp>]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Not held by honorable service; <as>as, a <ex>base</ex> estate, one held by services not honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is called <ex>base</ex>, or low, and the tenant, a <ex>base</ex> tenant</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Base fee</b></col>, <cd>formerly, an estate held at the will of the lord; now, a qualified fee. See note under <er>Fee</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Base metal</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Metal</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Dishonorable; worthless; ignoble; low-minded; infamous; sordid; degraded.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Base</er>, <er>Vile</er>, <er>Mean</er>. These words, as expressing moral qualities, are here arranged in the order of their strength, the strongest being placed first. <xex>Base</xex> marks a high degree of moral turpitude; <xex>vile</xex> and <xex>mean</xex> denote, in different degrees, the lack of what is valuable or worthy of esteem.  What is <xex>base</xex> excites our abhorrence; what is <xex>vile</xex> provokes our disgust or indignation; what is <xex>mean</xex> awakens contempt.  <xex>Base</xex> is opposed to high-minded; <xex>vile</xex>, to noble; <xex>mean</xex>, to liberal or generous. Ingratitude is <xex>base</xex>; sycophancy is <xex>vile</xex>; undue compliances are <xex>mean</xex>.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>base</ets>, L. <ets>basis</ets>, fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> a stepping, step, a base, pedestal, fr. <grk>bai`nein</grk> to go, step, akin to E. <ets>come</ets>. Cf. <er>Basis</er>, and see <er>Come</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The bottom of anything, considered as its support, or that on which something rests for support; the foundation; <as>as, the <ex>base</ex> of a statue</as>.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>base</xex> of mighty mountains.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Prescott.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: The fundamental or essential part of a thing; the essential principle; a groundwork.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The lower part of a wall, pier, or column, when treated as a separate feature, usually in projection, or especially ornamented.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The lower part of a complete architectural design, as of a monument; also, the lower part of any elaborate piece of furniture or decoration.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>That extremity of a leaf, fruit, etc., at which it is attached to its support.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 122 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The positive, or non-acid component of a salt; a substance which, combined with an acid, neutralizes the latter and forms a salt; -- applied also to the hydroxides of the positive elements or radicals, and to certain organic bodies resembling them in their property of forming salts with acids.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Pharmacy)</fld> <def>The chief ingredient in a compound.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Dyeing)</fld> <def>A substance used as a mordant.</def>  <rj><au>Ure.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>The exterior side of the polygon, or that imaginary line which connects the salient angles of two adjacent bastions.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Geom.)</fld> <def>The line or surface constituting that part of a figure on which it is supposed to stand.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>The number from which a mathematical table is constructed; <as>as, the <ex>base</ex> of a system of logarithms</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>11.</sn> <ety>[See <er>Base</er> low.]</ety> <def>A low, or deep, sound. <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> The lowest part; the deepest male voice. <sd>(b)</sd> One who sings, or the instrument which plays, base.</def>  <altsp>[Now commonly written <asp>bass</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The trebles squeak for fear, the <qex>bases</qex> roar.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>12.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>A place or tract of country, protected by fortifications, or by natural advantages, from which the operations of an army proceed, forward movements are made, supplies are furnished, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>13.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>The smallest kind of cannon.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>14.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>That part of an organ by which it is attached to another more central organ.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>15.</sn> <fld>(Crystallog.)</fld> <def>The basal plane of a crystal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>16.</sn> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>The ground mass of a rock, especially if not distinctly crystalline.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>17.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>The lower part of the field. See <er>Escutcheon</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>18.</sn> <def>The housing of a horse.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>19.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>A kind of skirt (often of velvet or brocade, but sometimes of mailed armor) which hung from the middle to about the knees, or lower.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>20.</sn> <def>The lower part of a robe or petticoat.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>21.</sn> <def>An apron.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  &ldquo;Bakers in their linen <xex>bases</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Marston.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>22.</sn> <def>The point or line from which a start is made; a starting place or a goal in various games.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To their appointed <qex>base</qex> they went.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>23.</sn> <fld>(Surv.)</fld> <def>A line in a survey which, being accurately determined in length and position, serves as the origin from which to compute the distances and positions of any points or objects connected with it by a system of triangles.</def>  <rj><au>Lyman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>24.</sn> <def>A rustic play; -- called also <altname>prisoner's base</altname>, <altname>prison base</altname>, or <altname>bars</altname>.</def> &ldquo;To run the country <xex>base</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>25.</sn> <fld>(Baseball)</fld> <def>Any one of the four bounds which mark the circuit of the infield.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Altern base</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Altern</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Attic base</b></col>. <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Attic</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Base course</b></col>. <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>The first or lower course of a foundation wall, made of large stones or a mass of concrete; -- called also <altname>foundation course</altname>. <sd>(b)</sd> The architectural member forming the transition between the basement and the wall above.</cd> -- <col><b>Base hit</b></col> <fld>(Baseball)</fld>, <cd>a hit, by which the batsman, without any error on the part of his opponents, is able to reach the first base without being put out.</cd> -- <col><b>Base line</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A main line taken as a base, as in surveying or in military operations.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>A line traced round a cannon at the rear of the vent.</cd> -- <col><b>Base plate</b></col>, <cd>the foundation plate of heavy machinery, as of the steam engine; the bed plate.</cd> -- <col><b>Base ring</b></col> <fld>(Ordnance)</fld>, <cd>a projecting band of metal around the breech, connected with the body of the gun by a concave molding.</cd>  <au>H. L. Scott.</au></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;s)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Based</conjf> <pr>(b&amacr;sd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Basing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[From <er>Base</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To put on a base or basis; to lay the foundation of; to found, as an argument or conclusion; -- used with <ptcl>on</ptcl> or <ptcl>upon</ptcl>.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>, and cf. <er>Abase</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To abase; to let, or cast, down; to lower.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>If any . . . <qex>based</qex> his pike.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. North.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To reduce the value of; to debase.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Metals which we can not <qex>base</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"ball"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A game of ball, so called from the bases or bounds (four in number) which designate the circuit which each player must endeavor to make after striking the ball.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The ball used in this game.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"board</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A board, or other woodwork, carried round the walls of a room and touching the floor, to form a base and protect the plastering; -- also called <xex>washboard</xex> (in England), <xex>mopboard</xex>, and <xex>scrubboard</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"born`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Born out of wedlock.</def>  <rj><au>Gay.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Born of low parentage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Vile; mean.</def> &ldquo;Thy <xex>baseborn</xex> heart.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"-burn`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A furnace or stove in which the fuel is contained in a hopper or chamber, and is fed to the fire as the lower stratum is consumed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"-court`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basse-cour</ets>. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>, and <er>Court</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The secondary, inferior, or rear courtyard of a large house; the outer court of a castle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>An inferior court of law, not of record.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Based</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;sd)</pr>, <pos>p. p.</pos> &amp; <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having a base, or having as a base; supported; <as>as, broad-<ex>based</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[See <er>Base</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 18-21.]</ety> <def>Wearing, or protected by, bases.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  &ldquo;<xex>Based</xex> in lawny velvet.&rdquo;  <rj><au>E. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"se*dow's dis*ease"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[Named for <person>Dr. <etsep>Basedow</etsep></person>, a German physician.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A disease characterized by enlargement of the thyroid gland, prominence of the eyeballs, and inordinate action of the heart; -- called also <altname>exophthalmic goiter</altname>.</def>  <rj><au>Flint.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>base-forming</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>causing formation of an alkali.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"e*lard</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>baselarde</ets>, LL. <ets>basillardus</ets>.]</ety> <def>A short sword or dagger, worn in the fifteenth century.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>baslard</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Fairholt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Without a base; having no foundation or support.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>baseless</xex> fabric of this vision.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>baseline</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>an imaginary line or standard by which things are measured or compared; <as>as, they established a <ex>baseline</ex> for the budget</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>the back line at each end of a tennis court.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Baseball)</fld> <def>the lines between bases on a baseball field along which a baseball player must run while running the bases.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>a measurement that represents the value of a physical quantity (such as a voltage, or a level of radioactivity) in the absence of effects from other variables in a measurement, test or experiment; a control value.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>any horizontal line in a plot, graph, or diagram, or on a visual display in an electronic device, used as a reference point to which other values are referred.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In a base manner; with despicable meanness; dishonorably; shamefully.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Illegitimately; in bastardy.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark>  <rj><au>Knolles.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"ment</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;sm&eitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>soubassement</ets>. Of uncertain origin. Cf. <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>, <er>Bastion</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>The outer wall of the ground story of a building, or of a part of that story, when treated as a distinct substructure.  (See <er>Base</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 3 <sd>(a)</sd>.)  Hence: The rooms of a ground floor, collectively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Basement membrane</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>a delicate membrane composed of a single layer of flat cells, forming the substratum upon which, in many organs, the epithelioid cells are disposed.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base"ness</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or condition of being base; degradation; vileness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I once did hold it a <qex>baseness</qex> to write fair.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"e*net</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bascinet</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>base" pair`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;s" p&acirc;r`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Biochemistry, Genetics)</fld> <def>a unit of double-stranded DNA or RNA consisting of two complementary bases on opposing strands of the double-stranded polynucleotide, bound together by hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent chemical forces.  The bases comprising the base pairs are adenine, thymine, cytidine, and guanine.  In normal DNA, the base adenine on one strand of DNA pairs with thymine on the opposite strand, and cytosine on one strand pairs with guanine on the opposite strand.  The term <ex>base pair</ex> usually includes the sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and the phosphate bound to each base to form a nucleotide unit.  One <ex>base pair</ex> is sometimes used as a unit of length or size for DNA, and in this usage is abbreviated <abbr>bp</abbr>; <as>as, a 100-bp fragment of DNA</as>.  A length of 1000 base pairs is a kilobase pair or <abbr>kbp</abbr>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>base" price`</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;s" pr&imacr;s`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>the initial price of something (goods or services) without the additional charges that may be added, such as handling or shipping charges, sales tax, optional equipment charges, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Base" vi`ol</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>See <er>Bass viol</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>baschen</ets>, <ets>baissen</ets>. See <er>Abash</er>.]</ety> <def>To abash; to disconcert or be disconcerted or put out of countenance.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His countenance was bold and <qex>bashed</qex> not.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos>  <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Bashed</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Bashing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Perh. of imitative origin; or cf. Dan. <ets>baske</ets> to strike, <ets>bask</ets> a blow, Sw. <ets>basa</ets> to beat, <ets>bas</ets> a beating.]</ety> <def>To strike heavily; to beat; to crush.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</mark>  <rj><au>Hall Caine.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Bash</qex> her open with a rock.</q>  <rj><qau>Kipling.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>a forceful blow, especially one that does damage to its target.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>a elaborate or lively social gathering or party.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*shaw"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Pasha</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A Turkish title of honor, now written <asp>pasha</asp>. See <er>Pasha</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: A magnate or grandee.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A very large siluroid fish (<spn>Leptops olivaris</spn>) of the Mississippi valley; -- also called <altname>goujon</altname>, <altname>mud cat</altname>, and <altname>yellow cat</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;sh"f&usdot_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Bash</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Abashed; daunted; dismayed.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Very modest, or modest to excess; constitutionally disposed to shrink from public notice; indicating extreme or excessive modesty; shy; <as>as, a <ex>bashful</ex> person, action, expression</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Diffident; retiring; reserved; shamefaced; sheepish.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a bashful manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality of being bashful.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- <er>Bashfulness</er>, <er>Modesty</er>, <er>Diffidence</er>, <er>Shyness</er>.</syn> <usage> <xex>Modesty</xex> arises from a low estimate of ourselves; <xex>bashfulness</xex> is an <xex>abashment</xex> or agitation of the spirits at coming into contact with others; <xex>diffidence</xex> is produced by an undue degree of self-distrust; <xex>shyness</xex> usually arises from an excessive self-consciousness, and a painful impression that every one is looking at us. <xex>Modesty</xex> of deportment is becoming in all; <xex>bashfulness</xex> often gives rise to mistakes and blundering; <xex>diffidence</xex> in society frequently makes a man a burden to himself; <xex>shyness</xex> usually produces a reserve or distance which is often mistaken for haughtiness.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bash"i-ba*zouk"</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;sh"&ibreve_;*b&adot_;*z&oomacr_;k")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Turkish, light-headed, a foolish fellow.]</ety> <def>A soldier belonging to the irregular troops of the Turkish army.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bash"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Shameless; unblushing.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"hyle</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>See <er>Basyle</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"si-</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <def>A combining form, especially in anatomical and botanical words, to indicate <xex>the base</xex> or <xex>position at or near a base</xex>; <xex>forming a base</xex>; <xex>as</xex>, <xex>basi</xex>branchials, the most ventral of the cartilages or bones of the branchial arches; <xex>basi</xex>cranial, situated at the base of the cranium; <xex>basi</xex>facial, <xex>basi</xex>temporal, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Relating to a base; performing the office of a base in a salt.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Having the base in excess, or the amount of the base atomically greater than that of the acid, or exceeding in proportion that of the related neutral salt.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>Apparently alkaline, as certain normal salts which exhibit alkaline reactions with test paper.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Said of crystalline rocks which contain a relatively low percentage of silica, as basalt.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Basic salt</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>a salt formed from a base or hydroxide by the partial replacement of its hydrogen by a negative or acid element or radical.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>BASIC</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Computers)</fld> <ety>[<ets>B</ets>eginner's <ets>A</ets>ll-purpose <ets>S</ets>ymbolic <ets>I</ets>ruction <ets>C</ets>.]</ety> <def>an artificial computer language with a relatively simplified instruction set.</def> <note>Writing a program in BASIC or other higher computer languages is simpler than writing in assembly language.  See also <er>programming language</er>, <er>FORTRAN</er>.</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sic"er*ite</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*s&ibreve_;s"&etilde_;r*&omacr;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn, antenna.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The second joint of the antenn&aelig; of crustaceans.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sic"i*ty</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The quality or state of being a base.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The power of an acid to unite with one or more atoms or equivalents of a base, as indicated by the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms contained in the acid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sic proc"ess</hw>. <fld>(Iron Metal.)</fld> <def>A Bessemer or open-hearth steel-making process in which a lining that is basic, or not siliceous, is used, and additions of basic material are made to the molten charge during treatment. Opposed to <contr><cref>acid process</cref></contr>, above. Called also <altname>Thomas process</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basics</hw> <pos>n. pl.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>a statement of fundamental facts or principles.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> ABC, ABC's, ABCs, rudiments.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>principles from which other truths can be derived; <as>as, let's get down to <ex>basics</ex></as>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> fundamentals, fundamental principle, basic principle, bedrock.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basic slag</hw>. <def>A by-product from the manufacture of steel by the basic process, used as a fertilizer. It is rich in lime and contains 14 to 20 per cent of phosphoric acid. Called also <altname>Thomas slag</altname>, <altname>phosphatic slag</altname>, and <altname>odorless phosphate</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basic steel</hw>. <def>Steel produced by the basic process.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basidial</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of or pertaining to a basidium.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basidiolichen</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a lichen in which the fungus component is a basidiomycete.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ba*sid`i*o*my"cete</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> basidiomycetous fungi.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*sid`i*o*my*ce"tes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <def>a phylum of fungi  with the Basidiomycota</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basidiomycetous</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of or pertaining to basidiomycetes.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*sid`i*o*my*co"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <ety>[NL., fr. NL. &amp; E. <ets>basidium</ets> + Gr. &unr_;, &unr_;, fungus.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A large subdivision of the kingdom <it>Fungi</it> coextensive with the phylum <phylum>Basidiomycetes</phylum>, characterized by having the spores borne on a basidium. It embraces those fungi best known to the public, such as mushrooms, toadstools, etc.  Among the classes of the Basidiomycota are: <styp><class>Gasteromycetes</class></styp> (puffballs); <styp><class>Tiliomycetes</class></styp> (comprising the orders <ord>Ustilaginales</ord> (smuts) and <ord>Uredinales</ord> (rusts)); and <styp><class>Hymenomycetes</class></styp> (mushrooms; toadstools; agarics; bracket fungi).</def> <note>In the 1913 Webster, the Basidiomycetes were defined as "co&ouml;rdinate with the <phylum>Ascomycetes</phylum>", and other fungal phyla (the <phylum>Zygomycota</phylum> and <phylum>Deuteromycota</phylum>) were not mentioned.</note><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> Basidiomycota, subdivision Basidiomycota, subdivision Basidiomycotina.</syn><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basidiomycotina</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>same as <er>Basidiomycota</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sid"i*o*spore</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basidium</ets> + <ets>spore</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A spore borne by a basidium.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Ba*sid`i*o*spor"ous</wf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basidiosporous</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of or pertaining to a basidiospore.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*sid"i*um</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., dim. of Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> base.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A special oblong or pyriform cell, with slender branches, which bears the spores in that division of fungi called <xex>Basidiomycetes</xex>, of which the common mushroom is an example.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"si*fi`er</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>That which converts into a salifiable base.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sif"u*gal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Base</ets>,<pos>n.</pos>+ L. <ets>fugere</ets> to flee.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Tending or proceeding away from the base; <as>as, a <ex>basifugal</ex> growth</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"si*fy</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Base</ets> + <ets>-fy</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>To convert into a salifiable base.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba`si*gyn"i*um</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> base + <grk>gynh`</grk> woman.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The pedicel on which the ovary of certain flowers, as the passion flower, is seated; a carpophore or thecaphore.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*hy"al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + Gr. &upsilon; (the letter &ldquo;upsilon&rdquo;); from the shape.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Noting two small bones, forming the body of the inverted hyoid arch.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*hy"oid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <ets>hyoid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The central tongue bone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;z"&ibreve_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>basile</ets> and E. <er>Bezel</er>.]</ety> <def>The slope or angle to which the cutting edge of a tool, as a plane, is ground.</def>  <rj><au>Grier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Basiled</conjf> (&unr_;); <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Basiling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To grind or form the edge of to an angle.</def>  <rj><au>Moxon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basilic</ets>, fr. L. <ets>basilicus</ets> royal, Gr. <grk>basiliko`s</grk> fr. <grk>basiley`s</grk> king.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The name given to several aromatic herbs of the Mint family, but chiefly to the common or sweet basil (<spn>Ocymum basilicum</spn>), and the bush basil, or lesser basil (<spn>Ocymum minimum</spn>), the leaves of which are used in cookery. The name is also given to several kinds of mountain mint (<gen>Pycnanthemum</gen>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Basil thyme</b></col>, <cd>a name given to the fragrant herbs <spn>Calamintha Acinos</spn> and <spn>Calamintha Nepeta</spn>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild basil</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<spn>Calamintha clinopodium</spn>) of the Mint family.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;z"&ibreve_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Corrupt. from E. <ets>basan</ets>, F. <ets>basane</ets>, LL. <ets>basanium</ets>, <ets>bazana</ets>, fr. Ar. <ets>bith&amacr;na</ets>, prop., lining.]</ety> <def>The skin of a sheep tanned with bark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bas"i*lar</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bas"i*la*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basilaire</ets>, fr. L. <ets>basis</ets>. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Relating to, or situated at, the base.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Lower; inferior; applied to impulses or springs of action.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Basilar</xex> instincts.&rdquo;  <rj><au>H. W. Beecher.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basileus</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a ruler of the eastern Roman Empire.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basilique</ets>.]</ety> <def>Basilica.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba*sil"ic</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Ba*sil"ic*al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Basilica</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Royal; kingly; also, basilican.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to certain parts, anciently supposed to have a specially important function in the animal economy, as the middle vein of the right arm.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*ca</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Basilicas</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>; sometimes <plw>Basilic&aelig;</plw> <pr>(-s&emacr;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>basilica</ets>, Gr. <grk>basilikh`</grk> (sc. <grk>o'iki`a</grk> or <grk>stoa`</grk> fr. <grk>basiliko`s</grk> royal, fr. <grk>basiley`s</grk> king.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, the palace of a king; but afterward, an apartment provided in the houses of persons of importance, where assemblies were held for dispensing justice; and hence, any large hall used for this purpose.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A building used by the Romans as a place of public meeting, with court rooms, etc., attached.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A church building of the earlier centuries of Christianity, the plan of which was taken from the basilica of the Romans. The name is still applied to some churches by way of honorary distinction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*ca</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A digest of the laws of Justinian, translated from the original Latin into Greek, by order of <xex>Basil</xex> I., in the ninth century.</def>  <rj><au>P. Cyc.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*can</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of, relating to, or resembling, a basilica; basilical.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There can be no doubt that the first churches in Constantinople were in the <qex>basilican</qex> form.</q> <rj><qau>Milman.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*cok</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>basilicoc</ets>.]</ety> <def>The basilisk.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*sil"i*con</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>basilicon</ets>, Gr. <grk>basiliko`n</grk> neut. of <grk>basiliko`s</grk>: cf. F. <ets>basilicon</ets>. See <er>Basilica</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>An ointment composed of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oil, lard, or other fatty substance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"i*lisk</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>basiliscus</ets>, Gr. <grk>basili`skos</grk> little king, kind of serpent, dim. of <grk>basiley`s</grk> king; -- so named from some prominences on the head resembling a crown.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A fabulous serpent, or dragon. The ancients alleged that its hissing would drive away all other serpents, and that its breath, and even its look, was fatal. See <er>Cockatrice</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Make me not sighted like the <qex>basilisk</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A lizard of the genus <gen>Basiliscus</gen>, belonging to the family <fam>Iguanid&aelig;</fam>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This genus is remarkable for a membranous bag rising above the occiput, which can be filled with air at pleasure; also for an elevated crest along the back, that can be raised or depressed at will.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>A large piece of ordnance, so called from its supposed resemblance to the serpent of that name, or from its size.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sin</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>bacin</ets>, F. <ets>bassin</ets>, LL. <ets>bacchinus</ets>, fr. <ets>bacca</ets> a water vessel, fr. L. <ets>bacca</ets> berry, in allusion to the round shape; or perh. fr. Celtic. Cf. <er>Bac</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A hollow vessel or dish, to hold water for washing, and for various other uses.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The quantity contained in a basin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A hollow vessel, of various forms and materials, used in the arts or manufactures, as that used by glass grinders for forming concave glasses, by hatters for molding a hat into shape, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A hollow place containing water, as a pond, a dock for ships, a little bay.</def>  <rj><au>Pope</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Physical Geog.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A circular or oval valley, or depression of the surface of the ground, the lowest part of which is generally occupied by a lake, or traversed by a river.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The entire tract of country drained by a river, or sloping towards a sea or lake.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>An isolated or circumscribed formation, particularly where the strata dip inward, on all sides, toward a center; -- especially applied to the coal formations, called <stype>coal basins</stype> or <stype>coal fields</stype>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>basinal</hw> <pos>adj.</pos> <def>of or pertaining to a basin.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sined</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Inclosed in a basin.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Basined</xex> rivers.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Young.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"i*net</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Bascinet</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos>   <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <ets>occipital</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the bone in the base of the cranium, frequently forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but usually distinct in the young.</def> -- <def2><pos>n.</pos> <def>The basioccipital bone.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba"si*on</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> a base.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The middle of the anterior margin of the great foramen of the skull.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sip"o*dite</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The basal joint of the legs of Crustacea.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*sip`te*ryg"i*um</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> a base + <grk>ptery`gion</grk> a fin.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A bar of cartilage at the base of the embryonic fins of some fishes. It develops into the metapterygium.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Ba*sip`ter*yg"i*al</wf> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`sip*ter"y*goid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a. &amp; n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <ets>pterygoid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Applied to a protuberance of the base of the sphenoid bone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sis</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"s&ibreve_;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bases</plw> <pr>(b&amacr;"s&emacr;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>basis</ets>, Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk>. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The foundation of anything; that on which a thing rests.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The pedestal of a column, pillar, or statue.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>If no <qex>basis</qex> bear my rising name.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 123 pr=SA --></p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The groundwork; the first or fundamental principle; that which supports.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>basis</qex> of public credit is good faith.</q> <rj><qau>A. Hamilton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The principal component part of a thing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*sis"o*lute</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*s&ibreve_;s"&ouptack_;*l&umacr;t)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <ets>solute</ets>, a.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Prolonged at the base, as certain leaves.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ba`si*sphe"noid</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Ba`si*sphe*noid"al</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Basi-</ets> + <ets>sphenoid</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to that part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*sphe"noid</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The basisphenoid bone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bask</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;sk)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Basked</conjf> <pr>(b&adot_;skt)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Basking</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OScand. <ets>ba&eth;ask</ets> to bathe one's self, or perh. <ets>bakask</ets> to bake one's self, <ets>sk</ets> being reflexive. See <er>Bath</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, <er>Bake</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <def>To lie in warmth; to be exposed to genial heat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Basks</qex> in the glare, and stems the tepid wave.</q> <rj><qau>Goldsmith.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bask</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To warm by continued exposure to heat; to warm with genial heat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Basks</qex> at the fire his hairy strength.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Of unknown origin. The modern Celtic words seem to be from the English.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A vessel made of osiers or other twigs, cane, rushes, splints, or other flexible material, interwoven.</def>  &ldquo;Rude <xex>baskets</xex> . . . woven of the flexile willow.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dyer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The contents of a basket; as much as a basket contains; <as>as, a <ex>basket</ex> of peaches</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>The bell or vase of the Corinthian capital.</def> <mark>[Improperly so used.]</mark>  <rj><au>Gwilt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The two back seats facing one another on the outside of a stagecoach.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Goldsmith.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A container shaped like a basket{1}, even if made of solid material rather than woven; -- the top is often, but not always, open and without a lid.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>a vessel suspended below a balloon, designed to carry people or measuring instruments for scientific research.</def>  <note>The earliest balloons designed to carry people often had small vessels of woven flexible vegetable materials to hold the passengers, which resembled large baskets{1}, from which the name was derived.</note><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Basketball)</fld> <def>A goal{3} consisting of a short cylindrical net suspended from a circular rim, which itself is attached at about ten feet above floor level to a backboard, placed at the end of a basketball court.  In professional basketball, two such <ex>baskets</ex> are used,  one at each end of the court, and each team may score only by passing the ball though its own <ex>basket</ex>.  In informal games, only one such <ex>basket</ex> is often used.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Basketball)</fld> <def>An instance of scoring points by throwing the basketball through the basket; <as>as, he threw four <ex>baskets</ex> in the first quarter</as>; -- the ball must pass through the basket from above in order to score points.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Basket fish</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>an ophiuran of the genus <gen>Astrophyton</gen>, having the arms much branched. See <er>Astrophyton</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Basket hilt</b></col>, <cd>a hilt with a covering wrought like basketwork to protect the hand.</cd> <au>Hudibras.</au> <specif>Hence,</specif> <wordforms><col><b>Basket-hilted</b></col>, <pos>a.</pos></wordforms> -- <col><b>Basket work</b></col>, <cd>work consisting of plaited osiers or twigs.</cd> -- <col><b>Basket worm</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a lepidopterous insect of the genus <gen>Thyridopteryx</gen> and allied genera, esp. <spn>Thyridopteryx ephemer&aelig;formis</spn>.  The larva makes and carries about a bag or basket-like case of silk and twigs, which it afterwards hangs up to shelter the pupa and wingless adult females.</cd>  -- <col><b>collection basket</b></col>, <cd>a small basket{1} mounted on the end of a pole, used in churches to collect donations from those attending a church service; -- the long pole allows the collector to hold the basket in front of those at the end of the pew, while the collector remains in the aisle.</cd> <col><b>waste basket</b></col>, <cd>a basket{4} used to hold waste matter, such as discarded paper, commonly shaped like a truncated cone, with the wide end open and at the top.  Vessels of other shapes, such as oblong containers, are also called <ex>waste baskets</ex>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To put into a basket.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket*ball`</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A ball game, usually played indoors in an area called the basketball court, in which two opposing teams of five players each contest with each other to toss a large inflated ball (the basketball) into opposite goals (baskets) resembling baskets, each typically a cylindrical mesh suspended from a circular rim which is held ten feet above the court.  A goal scored by passing the basketball through the basket may count from one to three points, depending on the situation in which it was thrown.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> basketball game.</syn><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>WordNet 1.5</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The inflatable ball used in the game of basketball.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket*ful</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Basketfuls</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>As much as a basket will contain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket*ry</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The art of making baskets; also, baskets, taken collectively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bask"ing shark`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the largest species of sharks (<spn>Cetorhinus maximus</spn>), so called from its habit of basking in the sun; the <altname>liver shark</altname>, or <altname>bone shark</altname>.  It inhabits the northern seas of Europe and America, and grows to a length of more than forty feet. It is a harmless species.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"net</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Bascinet</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ba*som`ma*toph"o*ra</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;*s&obreve_;m`m&adot_;*t&obreve_;f"&ouptack_;*r&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> base + <grk>'o`mma</grk> eye + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A group of Pulmonifera having the eyes at the base of the tentacles, including the common pond snails.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"son</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;"s'n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A basin.</def> <mark>[Obs. or Special form]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basque</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;sk)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>Pertaining to Biscay, its people, or their language.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basque</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;sk)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One of a race, of unknown origin, inhabiting a region on the Bay of Biscay in Spain and France.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The language spoken by the Basque people.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A part of a lady's dress, resembling a jacket with a short skirt; -- probably so called because this fashion of dress came from the <xex>Basques</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Basqu"ish</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>Basque</ets> Biscayan: cf. G. <ets>Baskisch</ets>.]</ety> <def>Pertaining to the country, people, or language of Biscay; Basque</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas`-re*lief"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bas-relief</ets>; <ets>bas</ets> low + <ets>relief</ets> raised work, <ets>relever</ets> to raise: cf. It. <ets>bassorilievo</ets>.]</ety> <def>Low relief; sculpture, the figures of which project less than half of their true proportions; -- called also <altname>bass-relief</altname> and <altname>basso-rilievo</altname>. See <er>Alto-rilievo</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw> <pr>(b&adot_;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Bass</plw>, and sometimes <plw>Basses</plw> <pr>(b&adot_;s"&ebreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[A corruption of <ets>barse</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An edible, spiny-finned fish, esp. of the genera <gen>Roccus</gen>, <gen>Labrax</gen>, and related genera. There are many species.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The common European bass is <spn>Labrax lupus</spn>. American species are: the striped bass (<spn>Roccus lineatus</spn>); white or silver bass of the lakes (<spn>Roccus chrysops</spn>); brass or yellow bass (<spn>Roccus interruptus</spn>).</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The two American fresh-water species of black bass (genus <gen>Micropterus</gen>). See <er>Black bass</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Species of <gen>Serranus</gen>, the sea bass and rock bass. See <er>Sea bass</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The southern, red, or channel bass (<spn>Sci&aelig;na ocellata</spn>). See <er>Redfish</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The name is also applied to many other fishes. See <cref>Calico bass</cref>, under <er>Calico</er>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A corruption of <ets>bast</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The linden or lime tree, sometimes wrongly called <altname>whitewood</altname>; also, its bark, which is used for making mats. See <er>Bast</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pr>(Pron. &unr_;)</pr> <def>A hassock or thick mat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw> <pr>(b&amacr;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basse</ets>, fr. <ets>bas</ets> low. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A bass, or deep, sound or tone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The lowest part in a musical composition.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>One who sings, or the instrument which plays, bass.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>base</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Thorough bass</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Thorough bass</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Deep or grave in tone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Bass clef</b></col> <fld>(Mus.)</fld>, <cd>the character placed at the beginning of the staff containing the bass part of a musical composition.</cd> [See <xex>Illust.</xex> under <er>Clef</er>.] -- <col><b>Bass voice</b></col>, <cd>a deep-sounding voice; a voice fitted for singing bass.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To sound in a deep tone.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Bas"sa</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <hw>Bas*saw"</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Bashaw</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bassariscidae</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a division of mammals, in some classifications considered a separate family.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> subfamily Bassariscidae.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bassariscus</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>a genus comprising the cacomistles.  See <er>bassarisk</er>.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> genus Bassariscus.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bassarisk</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A raccoonlike omnivorous mammal (<spn>Bassariscus astutus</spn>) of Mexico and southwestern U. S. having a long bushy tail with black and white rings.</def><br/>
<syn><b>Syn. --</b> cacomistle, cacomixle, coon cat, raccoon fox, ringtail, ring-tailed cat, civet cat, miner's cat.</syn><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass` drum"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>The largest of the different kinds of drums, having two heads, and emitting a deep, grave sound. See <er>Bass</er>, <pos>a.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;s"s&ebreve_;t <it>or</it> b&abreve;s*s&ebreve_;t")</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>bassette</ets>, fr. It. <ets>bassetta</ets>.  Cf. <er>Basso</er>.]</ety> <def>A game at cards, resembling the modern faro, said to have been invented at Venice.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some dress, some dance, some play, not to forget<br/>
Your piquet parties, and your dear <qex>basset</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Rowe.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;s"s&ebreve_;t)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. OF. <ets>basset</ets> somewhat low, dim. of <ets>bas</ets> low.]</ety> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>Inclined upward; <as>as, the <ex>basset</ex> edge of strata</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Lyell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>The edge of a geological stratum at the surface of the ground; the outcrop.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Basseted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Basseting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>To incline upward so as to appear at the surface; to crop out; <as>as, a vein of coal <ex>bassets</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set horn`</hw> <pr>(b&abreve;s"s&ebreve_;t h&ocirc;rn`)</pr>. <ety>[See <er>Basset</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>An instrument blown with a reed, and resembling a clarinet, but of much greater compass, embracing nearly four octaves; The corno di bassetto.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set hound`</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[F. <ets>basset</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small kind of hound with a long body and short legs, used as an earth dog.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"set*ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The upward direction of a vein in a mine; the emergence of a stratum at the surface.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bas*set"to</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It., <pos>adj.</pos>, somewhat low; <pos>n.</pos>, counter tenor. See <er>Basso</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A tenor or small bass viol.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bass" horn"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A modification of the bassoon, much deeper in tone.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>bassine</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Coarse leaf fiber from palmyra palms used in making brushes and brooms.</def><br/>
[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"si*net</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>bassinet</ets>, dim. of <ets>bassin</ets>. See <er>Basin</er>, and cf. <er>Bascinet</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A wicker basket, with a covering or hood over one end, in which young children are placed as in a cradle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>See <er>Bascinet</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Lord Lytton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Bas"so</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It., fr. LL. <ets>bassus</ets>. See <er>Base</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The bass or lowest part; <as>as, to sing <ex>basso</ex></as>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>One who sings the lowest part.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>The double bass, or <altname>contrabasso</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>&Verbar;Basso continuo</b></col> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[It., bass continued.]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <cd>A bass part written out continuously, while the other parts of the harmony are indicated by figures attached to the bass; continued bass.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"sock</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A hassock. See 2d <er>Bass</er>, 2.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Bas*soon"</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>basson</ets>, fr. <ets>basse</ets> bass; or perh. fr. <ets>bas son</ets> low sound. See <er>Bass</er> a part in music. ]</ety> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A wind instrument of the double reed kind, furnished with holes, which are stopped by the fingers, and by keys, as in flutes. It forms the natural bass to the oboe, clarinet, etc.