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<p><!-- Begin file 22 of 26:  Letter V (Version 0.46) 
        
           This file is part 22 of the GNU version of
     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
               Also referred to as GCIDE
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
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           * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

           This dictionary was derived from the
         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
                 Version published 1913
               by the  C. &amp; G. Merriam Co.
                   Springfield, Mass.
                 Under the direction of
                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

                        and from
           WordNet, a semantic network created by
              the Cognitive Science Department
                 of Princeton University
                  under the direction of
                   Prof. George Miller

             and is being updated and supplemented by
         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
                       around the world.

     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 
ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic
dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a
large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,
time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation
of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the
internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
knowledge base should contact:

     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org
     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252
     Plainfield, NJ 07062
     (908) 561-3416

    Last edit January 17, 2002.

--></p>

<p><centered><point26>V.</point26></centered><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>V</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;)</pr>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>V, the twenty-second letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. V and U are only varieties of the same character, U being the cursive form, while V is better adapted for engraving, as in stone. The two letters were formerly used indiscriminately, and till a comparatively recent date words containing them were often classed together in dictionaries and other books of reference (see <er>U</er>). The letter V is from the Latin alphabet, where it was used both as a consonant (about like English <it>w</it>) and as a vowel. The Latin derives it from a form (V) of the Greek vowel &Upsilon; (see <er>Y</er>), this Greek letter being either from the same Semitic letter as the digamma <universbold>F</universbold> (see <er>F</er>), or else added by the Greeks to the alphabet which they took from the Semitic. Etymologically <xex>v</xex> is most nearly related to <xex>u</xex>, <xex>w</xex>, <xex>f</xex>, <xex>b</xex>, <xex>p</xex>; as in <xex>v</xex>ine, <xex>w</xex>ine; a<xex>v</xex>oirdupois, ha<xex>b</xex>it, ha<xex>v</xex>e; sa<xex>f</xex>e, sa<xex>v</xex>e; tro<xex>v</xex>er, trou<xex>b</xex>adour, tro<xex>p</xex>e. See U, F, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, &sect; 265; also &sect;&sect; 155, 169, 178-179, etc.<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>As a numeral, V stands for five, in English and Latin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaag"mer</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Icel. <ets>v&amacr;gmeri</ets> a kind of flounder, literally, wave mare.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The dealfish.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vaagm&aelig;r</asp>, and <asp>vaagmar</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"can*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vacancies</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vacance</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being vacant; emptiness; hence, freedom from employment; intermission; leisure; idleness; listlessness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>All dispositions to idleness or <qex>vacancy</qex>, even before they are habits, are dangerous.</q> <rj><qau>Sir H. Wotton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which is vacant.</def> Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <def>Empty space; vacuity; vacuum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>How is't with you,<br/>
That you do bend your eye on <qex>vacancy</qex>?</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>An open or unoccupied space between bodies or things; an interruption of continuity; chasm; gap; <as>as, a <ex>vacancy</ex> between buildings; a <ex>vacancy</ex> between sentences or thoughts</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <def>Unemployed time; interval of leisure; time of intermission; vacation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Time lost partly in too oft idle <qex>vacancies</qex> given both to schools and universities.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>No interim, not a minute's <qex>vacancy</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Those little <qex>vacancies</qex> from toil are sweet.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(d)</sd> <def>A place or post unfilled; an unoccupied office; <as>as, a <ex>vacancy</ex> in the senate, in a school, etc.</as></def>
<!-- an unrented apartment, room in a hotel, motel, etc. --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"cant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>vacans</ets>, <ets>-antis</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vacare</ets> to be empty, to be free or unoccupied, to have leisure, also <ets>vocare</ets>; akin to <ets>vacuus</ets> empty, and probably to E. <ets>void</ets>.  Cf. <er>Evacuate</er>, <er>Void</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Deprived of contents; not filled; empty; <as>as, a <ex>vacant</ex> room</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Stuffs out his <qex>vacant</qex> garments with his form.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Being of those virtues <qex>vacant</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There is no fireside, howsoe'er defended,<br/>
But has one <qex>vacant</qex> chair.</q> <rj><qau>Longfellow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Unengaged with business or care; unemployed; unoccupied; disengaged; free; <as>as, <ex>vacant</ex> hours</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Religion is the interest of all; but philosophy of those . . . at leisure, and <qex>vacant</qex> from the affairs of the world.</q> <rj><qau>Dr. H. More.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There was not a minute of the day which he left <qex>vacant</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Fell.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Not filled or occupied by an incumbent, possessor, or officer; unoccupied; <as>as, a <ex>vacant</ex> throne; a <ex>vacant</ex> house; a <ex>vacant</ex> apartment; a <ex>vacant</ex> parish</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>Special dignities which <qex>vacant</qex> lie<br/>
For thy best use and wearing.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Empty of thought; thoughtless; not occupied with study or reflection; <as>as, a <ex>vacant</ex> mind</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The duke had a pleasant and <qex>vacant</qex> face.</q> <rj><qau>Sir H. Wotton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>When on my couch I lie<br/>
In <qex>vacant</qex> or in pensive mood.</q> <rj><qau>Wordsworth.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Abandoned; having no heir, possessor, claimant, or occupier; <as>as, a <ex>vacant</ex> estate</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vacant succession</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>one that is claimed by no person, or where all the heirs are unknown, or where all the known heirs to it have renounced it.</cd>  <rj><au>Burrill.</au></rj>
</cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Empty; void; devoid; free; unemployed; disengaged; unincumbered; uncrowded; idle.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Vacant</er>, <er>Empty</er>. A thing is <xex>empty</xex> when there is nothing in it; <as>as, an <ex>empty</ex> room, or an <ex>empty</ex> noddle</as>. <xex>Vacant</xex> adds the idea of having been previously filled, or intended to be filled or occupied; <as>as, a <ex>vacant</ex> seat at table; a <ex>vacant</ex> office; <ex>vacant</ex> hours</as>. When we speak of a <xex>vacant</xex> look or a <xex>vacant</xex> mind, we imply the absence of the intelligence naturally to be expected there.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"cant*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vacant manner; inanely.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"cate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vacated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vacating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vacare</ets>, <ets>vacatum</ets>, to be empty. See <er>Vacant</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To make vacant; to leave empty; to cease from filling or occupying; <as>as, it was resolved by Parliament that <persfn>James</persfn> had <ex>vacated</ex> the throne of England; the tenant <ex>vacated</ex> the house.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To annul; to make void; to deprive of force; to make of no authority or validity; <as>as, to <ex>vacate</ex> a commission or a charter; to <ex>vacate</ex> proceedings in a cause.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That after act <qex>vacating</qex> the authority of the precedent.</q> <rj><qau>Eikon Basilike.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The necessity of observing the Jewish Sabbath was <qex>vacated</qex> by the apostolical institution of the Lord's Day.</q> <rj><qau>R. Nelson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To defeat; to put an end to.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He <qex>vacates</qex> my revenge.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>vacatio</ets> a being free from a duty, service, etc., fr. <ets>vacare</ets>. See <er>Vacate</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of vacating; a making void or of no force; <as>as, the <ex>vacation</ex> of an office or a charter</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Intermission of a stated employment, procedure, or office; a period of intermission; rest; leisure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It was not in his nature, however, at least till years had chastened it, to take any <qex>vacation</qex> from controversy.</q> <rj><qau>Palfrey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>Hence, specifically: -<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Intermission of judicial proceedings; the space of time between the end of one term and the beginning of the next; nonterm; recess.</def> &ldquo;With lawyers in the <xex>vacation</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>A period of intermission of regular paid work or employment, or of studies and exercises at an educational institution; the time during which a person temporarily ceases regular duties of any kind and performs other activites, usually some form of liesure; holidays; recess (at a school); <as>as, the spring <ex>vacation</ex>; to spend one's <ex>vacation</ex> travelling; to paint the house while on <ex>vacation</ex></as>.  <ex>Vacation</ex> is typically used for rest, travel, or recreation, but may be used for any purpose.  In Britain this sense of <ex>vacation</ex> is usually referred to as <altname>holiday</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <def>The time when an office is vacant;</def> <specif>esp.</specif> <fld>(Eccl.)</fld>, <def>the time when a see, or other spiritual dignity, is vacant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*ca"tur</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., it is made void, fr. L. <ets>vacare</ets> to be empty. See <er>Vacant</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>An order of court by which a proceeding is set aside or annulled.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ca*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>vaccarium</ets>, from L. <ets>vacca</ets> cow.  Cf. <er>Vachery</er>.]</ety> <def>A cow house, dairy house, or cow pasture.</def> <mark>[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Wright.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vac*ci"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Vaccinia.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to vaccinia or vaccination.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vaccinated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vaccinating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[See <er>Vaccine</er>.]</ety> <def>To inoculate with the cowpox by means of a virus, called <xex>vaccine</xex>, taken either directly or indirectly from cows; now, generally, to administer (by injection or otherwise) any vaccine with the objective of rendering the recipient immune to an infectious disease.  One who has been thus immunized by vaccination is said to be <col>vaccinated against</col> a particular disease.  One may be thus immunized (vaccinated) also by oral ingestion or inhalation of a vaccine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac`ci*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act, art, or practice of vaccinating, or inoculating with the cowpox, in order to prevent or mitigate an attack of smallpox.  Cf. <er>Inoculation</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In recent use, <xex>vaccination</xex> sometimes includes inoculation with any virus as a preventive measure; <as>as, <ex>vaccination</ex> against cholera</as>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any inoculation intended to raise immunity to a disease.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*na`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, vaccinates.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"cine</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;k"s&imacr;n <it>or</it> v&abreve;k"s&ibreve_;n; 277)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaccinus</ets>, fr. <ets>vacca</ets> a cow; cf. Skr. <ets>v&amacr;&ccedil;</ets> to bellow, to groan.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to cows; pertaining to, derived from, or caused by, vaccinia; <as>as, <ex>vaccine</ex> virus; the <ex>vaccine</ex> disease</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vaccine or vaccination.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"cine</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;k*s&emacr;n" <it>or</it> v&abreve;k"s&emacr;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The virus of vaccinia used in vaccination.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>any preparation used to render an organism immune to some disease, by inducing or increasing the natural immunity mechanisms.  Prior to 1995, such preparations usually contained killed organisms of the type for which immunity was desired, and sometimes used live organisms having attenuated virulence.  Since that date, preparations containing only specific antigenic portions of the pathogenic organism have also been used.  Some of these are prepared by genetic engineering techniques.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Computers)</fld> <def>A program designed to protect a computer from software viruses, by detecting and or eliminating them.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"cine point`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>See <er>Point</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 26.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vac*cin"i*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. See <er>Vaccine</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Cowpox; vaccina. See <er>Cowpox</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vaccinator.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vac*cin"i*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., the blueberry, or whortleberry.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of ericaceous shrubs including the various kinds of blueberries and the true cranberries.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va`cher"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., from <ets>vache</ets> a cow.  Cf. <er>Vaquero</er>.]</ety> <def>A keeper of stock or cattle; a herdsman.</def> <mark>[Southwestern U. S.]</mark><!-- a cowboy -->  <rj><au>Bartlett.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vach"er*y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vacherie</ets>, from <ets>vache</ets> a cow, L. <ets>vacca</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vaccary</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An inclosure for cows.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A dairy.</def> <mark>[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Prompt. Parv.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`chette" clasp</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vachette</ets> cowhide leather used for ligatures.]</ety> <fld>(Veter.)</fld> <def>A piece of strong steel wire with the ends curved and pointed, used on toe or quarter cracks to bind the edges together and prevent motion. It is clasped into two notches, one on each side of the crack, burned into the wall with a cautery iron.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*lan*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vacillant, or wavering.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Dr. H. More.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*lant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacillans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vacillare</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vacillant</ets>. See <er>Vacillate</er>.]</ety> <def>Vacillating; wavering; fluctuating; irresolute.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*late</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;s"&ibreve_;l*l&amacr;t)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vacillated</conjf> <pr>(v&abreve;s"&ibreve_;l*l&amacr;`t&ebreve_;d)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vacillating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vacillare</ets>, <ets>vacillatum</ets>; cf. Skr. <ets>va&ntilde;c</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To move one way and the other; to reel or stagger; to waver.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[A spheroid] is always liable to shift and <qex>vacillate</qex>from one axis to another.</q> <rj><qau>Paley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To fluctuate in mind or opinion; to be unsteady or inconstant; to waver.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- See <er>Fluctuate</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*la`ting</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Inclined to fluctuate; wavering.</def> <au>Tennyson.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Vac"il*la`ting*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac`il*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacillatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vacillation</ets>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of vacillating; a moving one way and the other; a wavering.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His <qex>vacillations</qex>, always exhibited most pitiably in emergencies.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Unsteadiness of purpose; changeableness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There is a <qex>vacillation</qex>, or an alternation of knowledge and doubt.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*la*to*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Inclined to vacillate; wavering; irresolute.</def>  <rj><au>Hawthorne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacuatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vacuare</ets> to empty, from <ets>vacuus</ets> empty. See <er>Vacant</er>.]</ety> <def>To make void, or empty.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac`u*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of emptying; evacuation.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vacuiste</ets>.]</ety> <def>One who holds the doctrine that the space between the bodies of the universe, or the molecules and atoms of matter, is a vacuum; -- opposed to <contr>plenist</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*cu"i*ty</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;*k&umacr;"&ibreve_;*t&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacuitas</ets>. See <er>Vacuous</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being vacuous, or not filled; emptiness; vacancy; <as>as, <ex>vacuity</ex> of mind; <ex>vacuity</ex> of countenance</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Hunger is such a state of <qex>vacuity</qex> as to require a fresh supply of aliment.</q> <rj><qau>Arbuthnot.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Space unfilled or unoccupied, or occupied with an invisible fluid only; emptiness; void; vacuum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>vacuity</qex> is interspersed among the particles of matter.</q> <rj><qau>Bentley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>God . . . alone can answer all our longings and fill every <qex>vacuity</qex> of our soul.</q> <rj><qau>Rogers.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Want of reality; inanity; nihility.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Their expectations will meet with <qex>vacuity</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Glanvill.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*cu"na</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;*k&umacr;"n&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[L.  fr. <ets>vacuus</ets> unoccupied.]</ety> <fld>(Rom. Myth.)</fld> <def>The goddess of rural leisure, to whom the husbandmen sacrificed at the close of the harvest.  She was especially honored by the Sabines.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*o*la`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Full of vacuoles, or small air cavities; <as>as, <ex>vacuolated</ex> cells</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*o*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Formation into, or multiplication of, vacuoles.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ole</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacuus</ets> empty: cf. F. <ets>vacuole</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>A small air cell, or globular space, in the interior of organic cells, either containing air, or a pellucid watery liquid, or some special chemical secretions of the cell protoplasm.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Contractile vacuole</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Contractile</er>, and see <xex>Illusts</xex>. of <er>Infusoria</er>, and <er>Lobosa</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Food vacuole</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Food</er>, and see <xex>Illust.</xex> of <er>Infusoria</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac`u*om"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <ety>[<ets>Vacuum</ets> + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>An instrument for the comparison of barometers.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>An apparatus for the measurement of low pressures.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ous</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;k"&uuptack_;*&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vacuus</ets>. See <er>Vacant</er>.]</ety> <def>Empty; unfilled; void; vacant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Boundless the deep, because I am who fill<br/>
Infinitude; nor <qex>vacuous</qex> the space.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That the few may lead selfish and <qex>vacuous</qex> days.</q> <rj><qau>J. Morley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vacuous; emptiness; vacuity.</def>  <rj><au>W. Montagu.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*um</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;k"&uuptack_;*&ubreve;m)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Vacuums</plw> <pr>(v&abreve;k"&uuptack_;*&ubreve;mz)</pr>, L. <plw>Vacua</plw> <pr>(v&abreve;k"&uuptack_;*&adot_;)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., fr. <ets>vacuus</ets> empty. See <er>Vacuous</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>A space entirely devoid of matter (called also, by way of distinction, <xex>absolute vacuum</xex>); hence, in a more general sense, a space, as the interior of a closed vessel, which has been exhausted to a high or the highest degree by an air pump or other artificial means; <as>as, water boils at a reduced temperature in a <ex>vacuum</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1591 pr=PI--><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The condition of rarefaction, or reduction of pressure below that of the atmosphere, in a vessel, as the condenser of a steam engine, which is nearly exhausted of air or steam, etc.; <as>as, a <ex>vacuum</ex> of 26 inches of mercury, or 13 pounds per square inch</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vacuum brake</b></col>, <cd>a kind of continuous brake operated by exhausting the air from some appliance under each car, and so causing the pressure of the atmosphere to apply the brakes.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum pan</b></col> <fld>(Technol.)</fld>, <cd>a kind of large closed metallic retort used in sugar making for boiling down sirup. It is so connected with an exhausting apparatus that a partial vacuum is formed within. This allows the evaporation and concentration to take place at a lower atmospheric pressure and hence also at a lower temperature, which largely obviates the danger of burning the sugar, and shortens the process.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum pump</b></col>. <cd>Same as <er>Pulsometer</er>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum tube</b></col> <fld>(Phys.)</fld>, <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>a glass tube provided with platinum electrodes and exhausted, for the passage of the electrical discharge; a Geissler tube.</cd> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>any tube used in electronic devices, containing a vacuum and used to control the flow of electrons in a circuit, as a vacuum diode, triode, tetrode, or pentode.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum valve</b></col>, <cd>a safety valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, in order to prevent collapse.</cd> -- <col><b>Torricellian vacuum</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Torricellian</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*um clean"er</hw>. <def>A machine for cleaning carpets, tapestry, upholstered work, etc., by suction; -- sometimes called a <altname>vacuum</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*dan"tes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., from L. <ets>vadans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vadare</ets> to wade, to ford.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An extensive artificial group of birds including the wading, swimming, and cursorial birds.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vade</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;d)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[For <ets>fade</ets>.]</ety> <def>To fade; hence, to vanish.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo; Summer leaves all <xex>vaded</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They into dust shall <qex>vade</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`de me"cum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[L., go with me.]</ety> <def>A book or other thing that a person carries with him as a constant companion; a manual; a handbook.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vad"i*mo*ny</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vadimonium</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A bond or pledge for appearance before a judge on a certain day.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"di*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL., from L. <ets>vas</ets>, <ets>vadis</ets>, bail.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Pledge; security; bail. See <er>Mortgage</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vadium vivum</b></col> <ety>[LL.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>a living pledge, which exists where an estate is granted until a debt is paid out of its proceeds.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vae</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Voe</er>.</def> <mark>[Scot.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"frous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vafer</ets>.]</ety> <def>Crafty; cunning; sly; <as>as, <ex>vafrous</ex> tricks</as>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Feltham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>vagabundus</ets>, from <ets>vagari</ets> to stroll about, from <ets>vagus</ets> strolling. See <er>Vague</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Moving from place to place without a settled habitation; wandering.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Vagabond</xex> exile.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Floating about without any certain direction; driven to and fro.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To heaven their prayers<br/>
Flew up, nor missed the way, by envious winds<br/>
Blown <qex>vagabond</qex> or frustrate.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Being a vagabond; strolling and idle or vicious.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who wanders from place to place, having no fixed dwelling, or not abiding in it, and usually without the means of honest livelihood; a vagrant; a tramp; hence, a worthless person; a rascal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A fugitive and a <qex>vagabond</qex> shalt thou be.</q> <rj><qau>Gen. iv. 12.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In English and American law, <xex>vagabond</xex> is used in bad sense, denoting one who is without a home; a strolling, idle, worthless person. <xex>Vagabonds</xex> are described in old English statutes as &ldquo;such as wake on the night and sleep on the day, and haunt customable taverns and alehouses, and routs about; and no man wot from whence they came, nor whither they go.&rdquo; In American law, the term <xex>vagrant</xex> is employed in the same sense. Cf <er>Rogue</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 1.  <rj><au>Burrill.</au>  <au>Bouvier.</au></rj>
</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To play the vagabond; to wander like a vagabond; to stroll.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>On every part my <qex>vagabonding</qex> sight<br/>
Did cast, and drown mine eyes in sweet delight.</q> <rj><qau>Drummond.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`age</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vagabondage</ets>.]</ety> <def>The condition of a vagabond; a state or habit of wandering about in idleness; vagrancy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vagabondage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ize</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To play the vagabond; to wander about in idleness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vagabondage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"gal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vagus</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the vagus, or pneumogastric nerves; pneumogastric.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"gan*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From L. <ets>vagans</ets>, p. pr. See <er>Vagantes</er>.]</ety> <def>A wandering; vagrancy.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A thousand <qex>vagancies</qex> of glory and delight.</q><!-- note: in the original Webster, <i>delight</i> was misspelled <i>desight</i>, a rare typographical error --> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*gan"tes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>vagans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vagari</ets> to stroll or wander.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A tribe of spiders, comprising some of those which take their prey in a web, but which also frequently run with agility, and chase and seize their prey.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ga"ri*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Given to, or characterized by, vagaries; capricious; whimsical; crochety.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ga"ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vagaries</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>vagari</ets> to stroll about. See <er>Vague</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A wandering or strolling.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, a wandering of the thoughts; a wild or fanciful freak; a whim; a whimsical purpose.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>vagaries</xex> of a child.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Spectator.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They changed their minds,<br/>
Flew off, and into strange <qex>vagaries</qex> fell.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"gi*ent</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vagiens</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vagire</ets> to cry like a young child.]</ety> <def>Crying like a child.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*gi"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vagin&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>vagina</ets> a scabbard or sheath.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A sheath; a theca; <as>as, the <ex>vagina</ex> of the portal vein</as>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Specifically, the canal which leads from the uterus to the external orifice of the genital canal, or to the cloaca.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The terminal part of the oviduct in insects and various other invertebrates. See <xex>Illust.</xex>, of <er>Spermatheca</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The basal expansion of certain leaves, which inwraps the stem; a sheath.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>The shaft of a terminus, from which the bust or figure seems to issue or arise.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaginal</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vagina; resembling a vagina, or sheath; thecal; <as>as, a <ex>vaginal</ex> synovial membrane; the <ex>vaginal</ex> process of the temporal bone.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the vagina of the genital canal; <as>as, the <ex>vaginal</ex> artery</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaginant</ets>. See <er>Vagina</er>.]</ety> <def>Serving to invest, or sheathe; sheathing.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vaginant leaf</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a leaf investing the stem or branch by its base, which has the form of a tube.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Vag"i*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Vag"i*na`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vagina</er>.]</ety> <def>Invested with, or as if with, a sheath; <as>as, a <ex>vaginate</ex> stem, or one invested by the tubular base of a leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vag`i*na"ti</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A tribe of birds comprising the sheathbills.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag`i*ner*vose"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vagus</ets> wandering + E. <ets>nervose</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having the nerves, or veins, placed in apparent disorder.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vag`i*nic"o*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[NL., from L. <ets>vagina</ets> sheath + <ets>colere</ets> to inhabit.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus of Infusoria which form minute vaselike or tubular cases in which they dwell.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vag`i*nis"mus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A painful spasmodic contraction of the vagina, often rendering copulation impossible.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vag`i*ni"tis</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. See <er>Vagina</er>, and <er>-itis</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Inflammation of the vagina, or the genital canal, usually of its mucous lining membrane.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vag`i*no*pen"nous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vagina</ets> a sheath + <ets>penna</ets> a feather, pl. <ets>pennae</ets> a wing.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Having elytra; sheath-winged.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*gin"u*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., dim. of <ets>vagina</ets> sheath.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A little sheath, as that about the base of the pedicel of most mosses.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>One of the tubular florets in composite flowers.</def>  <rj><au>Henslow.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nule</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A vaginula.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vag"is*sate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vagari</ets> to stroll or wander.]</ety> <def>To caper or frolic.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"gous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vagus</ets>. See <er>Vague</er>.]</ety> <def>Wandering; unsettled.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Ayliffe.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"gran*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being a vagrant; a wandering without a settled home; an unsettled condition; vagabondism.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Threatened away into banishment and <qex>vagrancy</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Barrow.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"grant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Probably fr. OF. <ets>waucrant</ets>, <ets>wacrant</ets>, p. p. of <ets>waucrer</ets>, <ets>wacrer</ets>, <ets>walcrer</ets>, to wander (probably of Teutonic origin), but influenced by F. <ets>vagant</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>vaguer</ets> to stray, L. <ets>vagari</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vagary</er>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Moving without certain direction; wandering; erratic; unsettled.</def><br/>
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<p><q>That beauteous Emma <qex>vagrant</qex> courses took.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>While leading this <qex>vagrant</qex> and miserable life, Johnson fell in love.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Wandering from place to place without any settled habitation; <as>as, a <ex>vagrant</ex> beggar</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"grant</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who strolls from place to place; one who has no settled habitation; an idle wanderer; a sturdy beggar; an incorrigible rogue; a vagabond.</def><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vagrants</qex> and outlaws shall offend thy view.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"grant*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vagrant manner.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"grant*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>State of being vagrant; vagrancy.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;g)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <amorph>[<pos>Compar.</pos> <adjf>Vaguer</adjf> <pr>(v&amacr;g"&etilde_;r)</pr>; <pos>superl.</pos> <adjf>Vaguest</adjf>.]</amorph> <ety>[F. <ets>vague</ets>, or L. <ets>vagus</ets>. See <er>Vague</er>, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Wandering; vagrant; vagabond.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark> &ldquo;To set upon the <xex>vague</xex> villains.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hayward.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>She danced along with <qex>vague</qex>, regardless eyes.</q> <rj><qau>Keats.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Unsettled; unfixed; undetermined; indefinite; ambiguous; <as>as, a <ex>vague</ex> idea; a <ex>vague</ex> proposition</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>This faith is neither a mere fantasy of future glory, nor a <qex>vague</qex> ebullition of feeling.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The poet turned away, and gave himself up to a sort of <qex>vague</qex> revery, which he called thought.</q> <rj><qau>Hawthorne.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Proceeding from no known authority; unauthenticated; uncertain; flying; <as>as, a <ex>vague</ex> report</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Some legend strange and <qex>vague</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Longfellow.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vague year</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>Sothiac year</cref>, under <er>Sothiac</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Unsettled; indefinite; unfixed; ill-defined; ambiguous; hazy; loose; lax; uncertain.</syn><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vague</ets>.]</ety> <def>An indefinite expanse.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>The gray <qex>vague</qex> of unsympathizing sea.</q> <rj><qau>Lowell.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vaguer</ets>, L. <ets>vagari</ets>, fr. <ets>vagus</ets> roaming.]</ety> <def>To wander; to roam; to stray.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;[The soul] doth <xex>vague</xex> and wander.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A wandering; a vagary.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holinshed.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vague manner.</def><br/>
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<p><q>What he <qex>vaguely</qex> hinted at, but dared not speak.</q> <rj><qau>Hawthorne.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vague"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vague.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"gus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L., wandering.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Wandering; -- applied especially to the pneumogastric nerve.</def> -- <def2><pos>n.</pos>  <def>The vagus, or pneumogastric, nerve.</def></def2><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n. &amp; v. t.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Veil</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Aphetic form of <ets>avail</ets>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Avails; profit; return; proceeds.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>My house is as 'twere the cave where the young outlaw hoards the stolen <qex>vails</qex> of his occupation.</q> <rj><qau>Chapman.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An unexpected gain or acquisition; a casual advantage or benefit; a windfall.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Money given to servants by visitors; a gratuity; -- usually in the plural.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vale</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Aphetic form of <ets>avale</ets>. See <er>Avale</er>, <er>Vale</er>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vale</asp>, and <asp>veil</asp>.]</altsp> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To let fall; to allow or cause to sink.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vail</qex> your regard<br/>
Upon a wronged, I would fain have said, a maid!</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To lower, or take off, in token of inferiority, reverence, submission, or the like.</def><br/>
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<p><q>France must <qex>vail</qex> her lofty-plumed crest!</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Without <qex>vailing</qex> his bonnet or testifying any reverence for the alleged sanctity of the relic.</q> <rj><qau>Sir. W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To yield or recede; to give place; to show respect by yielding, uncovering, or the like.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vale</asp>, and <asp>veil</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>Thy convenience must <qex>vail</qex> to thy neighbor's necessity.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Submission; decline; descent.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Vail"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who vails.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Overbury.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vai"mure</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An outer, or exterior, wall.  See <er>Vauntmure</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Hakluyt.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;n)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <amorph>[<pos>Compar.</pos> <adjf>Vainer</adjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>superl.</pos> <adjf>Vainest</adjf>.]</amorph> <ety>[F. <ets>vain</ets>, L. <ets>vanus</ets> empty, void, vain.  Cf. <er>Vanish</er>, <er>Vanity</er>, <er>Vaunt</er> to boast.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having no real substance, value, or importance; empty; void; worthless; unsatisfying.</def> &ldquo;Thy <xex>vain</xex> excuse.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Every man walketh in a <qex>vain</qex> show.</q> <rj><qau>Ps. xxxix. 6.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Let no man deceive you with <qex>vain</qex> words.</q> <rj><qau>Eph. v. 6.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vain</qex> pomp, and glory of this world, I hate ye!</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vain</qex> wisdom all, and false philosophy.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Destitute of force or efficacy; effecting no purpose; fruitless; ineffectual; <as>as, <ex>vain</ex> toil; a <ex>vain</ex> attempt</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Bring no more <qex>vain</qex> oblations.</q> <rj><qau>Isa. i. 13.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vain</qex> is the force of man<br/>
To crush the pillars which the pile sustain.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Proud of petty things, or of trifling attainments; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason; conceited; puffed up; inflated.</def><br/>
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<p><q>But wilt thou know, O <qex>vain</qex> man, that faith apart from works is barren?</q> <rj><qau>James ii. 20 (Rev. Ver.).</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The minstrels played on every side,<br/>
<qex>Vain</qex> of their art.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Showy; ostentatious.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Load some <qex>vain</qex> church with old theatric state.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Empty; worthless; fruitless; ineffectual; idle; unreal; shadowy; showy; ostentatious; light; inconstant; deceitful; delusive; unimportant; trifling.</syn><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vanity; emptiness; -- now used only in the phrase <col>in vain</col>.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>For vain</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>In vain</cref>.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Shak.</au> -- <col><b>In vain</b></col>, <cd>to no purpose; without effect; ineffectually.</cd> &ldquo; <xex>In vain</xex> doth valor bleed.&rdquo; <au>Milton.</au> &ldquo; <xex>In vain</xex> they do worship me.&rdquo; <au>Matt. xv. 9.</au> -- <col><b>To take the name of God in vain</b></col>, <cd>to use the name of God with levity or profaneness.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain`glo"ri*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Feeling or indicating vainglory; elated by vanity; boastful.</def> &ldquo;Arrogant and <xex>vainglorious</xex> expression.&rdquo; <au>Sir M. Hale.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Vain`glo"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Vain`glo"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain`glo"ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vain</ets> + <ets>glory</ets>.]</ety> <def>Excessive vanity excited by one's own performances; empty pride; undue elation of mind; vain show; boastfulness.</def><br/>
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<p><q>He had nothing of <qex>vainglory</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The man's undone forever; for if Hector break not his neck i' the combat, he'll break't himself in <qex>vainglory</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain"ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vain manner; in vain.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vain"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vain.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vair</hw> <pr>(v&acirc;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vair</ets>, from OF. <ets>vair</ets>, a., L. <ets>varius</ets> various, variegated. See <er>Various</er>, and cf. <er>Meniver</er>.]</ety> <def>The skin of the squirrel, much used in the fourteenth century as fur for garments, and frequently mentioned by writers of that period in describing the costly dresses of kings, nobles, and prelates.  It is represented in heraldry by a series of small shields placed close together, and alternately white and blue.</def>  <rj><au>Fairholt.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>No <qex>vair</qex> or ermine decked his garment.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Counter vair</b></col> <fld>(Her.)</fld>, <cd>a fur resembling vair, except in the arrangement of the patches or figures.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Vair"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vair&eacute;</ets>. See <er>Vair</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Charged with vair; variegated with shield-shaped figures. See <er>Vair</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vaish"na*va</hw> <pr>(v&imacr;sh"n&adot_;*v&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>vaish&nsdot_;ava</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Hindu Myth.)</fld> <def>A worshiper of the god <persfn>Vishnu</persfn> in any of his incarnations.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vaish"na*vism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The worship of Vishnu.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vais"ya</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>vai&ccedil;ya</ets>.]</ety> <def>The third of the four great original castes among the Hindus, now either extinct or partially represented by the mercantile class of Banyas. See the Note under <er>Caste</er>, 1.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vai"vode</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vayvode</ets>. See <er>Waywode</er>.]</ety> <def>See <er>Waywode</er>.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*keel"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Ar. <ets>wak&imacr;l</ets>.]</ety> <def>A native attorney or agent; also, an ambassador.</def> <mark>[India]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"ance</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perhaps fr. OF. <ets>avalant</ets> descending, hanging down, p. pr. of <ets>avaler</ets> to go down, let down, descend (cf. <er>Avalanche</er>); but probably from the town of <etsep>Valence</etsep> in France.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Hanging drapery for a bed, couch, window, or the like, especially that which hangs around a bedstead, from the bed to the floor.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>valence</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Valance</qex> of Venice gold in needlework.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The drooping edging of the lid of a trunk, which covers the joint when the lid is closed.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"ance</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Valanced</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Valancing</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>.]</vmorph> <def>To furnish with a valance; to decorate with hangings or drapery.</def><br/>
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<p><q>His old fringed chair <qex>valanced</qex> around with party-colored worsted bobs.</q> <rj><qau>Sterne.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vale</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>val</ets>, F. <ets>val</ets>, L. <ets>vallis</ets>; perhaps akin to Gr. <grk>'e`los</grk> low ground, marsh meadow.  Cf. <er>Avalanche</er>, <er>Vail</er> to lower, <er>Valley</er>.]</ety> <def>A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley.</def> &ldquo; Make me a cottage in the <xex>vale</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Tennyson.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Beyond this <qex>vale</qex> of tears there is a life above.</q> <rj><qau>Montgomery.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>In those fair <qex>vales</qex>, by nature formed to please.</q> <rj><qau>Harte.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Vale</xex> is more commonly used in poetry, and <xex>valley</xex> in prose and common discourse.</note><br/>
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<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Valley; dingle; dell; dale.</syn><br/>
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<p><hw>Vale</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See 2d <er>Vail</er>, 3.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*dic"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., <ets>valedicere</ets>, <ets>valedictum</ets>, to say farewell; <ets>vale</ets> farewell (imperative of <ets>valere</ets> to be strong or well) + <ets>dicere</ets> to say. See <er>Valiant</er>, <er>Diction</er>.]</ety> <def>A farewell; a bidding farewell.</def>  <rj><au>Donne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1592 pr=PI --><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*dic*to"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who pronounces a valedictory address; especially, in American colleges, the student who pronounces the valedictory of the graduating class at the annual commencement, usually the student who ranks first in scholarship.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*dic"to*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Bidding farewell; suitable or designed for an occasion of leave-taking; <as>as, a <ex>valedictory</ex> oration</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`e*dic"to*ry</hw>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Valedictories</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>A valedictory oration or address spoken at commencement in American colleges or seminaries by one of the graduating class, usually by the leading scholar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"lence</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From L. <ets>valens</ets>, <ets>-entis</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>valere</ets> to have power, to be strong. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The degree of combining power of an atom (or radical) as shown by the number of atoms of hydrogen (or of other monads, as chlorine, sodium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which it can be substituted, or with which it can be compared; thus, an atom of hydrogen is a monad, and has a <xex>valence</xex> of one; the atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are respectively dyads, triads, and tetrads, and have a <xex>valence</xex> respectively of two, three, and four.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The valence of certain elements varies in different compounds. Valence in degree may extend as high as seven or eight, as in the cases of iodine and osmium respectively. The doctrine of valence has been of fundamental importance in distinguishing the equivalence from the atomic weight, and is an essential factor in explaining the chemical structures of compounds.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*len"ci*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Perhaps fr. <ets>Valence</ets> in France.]</ety> <def>A kind of woven fabric for waistcoats, having the weft of wool and the warp of silk or cotton.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>valentia</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*len`ci*ennes" lace"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[F.; -- so called after the town of <ets>Valenciennes</ets>.]</ety> <def>A rich kind of lace made at Valenciennes, in France. Each piece is made throughout, ground and pattern, by the same person and with the same thread, the pattern being worked in the net.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"en*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Valencies</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>See <er>Valence</er>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A unit of combining power; a so-called bond of affinity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*len"ti*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Valencia</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"en*tine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A sweetheart chosen on St. Valentine's Day.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A letter containing professions of love, or a missive of a sentimental, comic, or burlesque character, sent on St. Valentine's Day.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>St. Valentine's Day</b></col>, <cd>a day sacred to St. Valentine; the 14th of February. It was a very old notion, alluded to by Shakespeare, that on this day birds begin to mate. Hence, perhaps, arose the custom of sending love tokens at that time.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`en*tin"i*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Eccl. Hist.)</fld> <def>One of a school of Judaizing Gnostics in the second century; -- so called from <ets>Valentinus</ets>, the founder.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`er*am"ide</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Valer</ets>ic + <ets>amide</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The acid amide derivative of valeric acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"er*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of valeric acid.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*le"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>valeriana</ets>, perhaps from some person named <etsep>Valerius</etsep>, or fr. L. <ets>valere</ets> to be strong. powerful, on account of its medicinal virtues: cf. F.  <ets>val&eacute;riane</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Any plant of the genus <gen>Valeriana</gen>. The root of the officinal valerian (<spn>Valeriana officinalis</spn>) has a strong smell, and is much used in medicine as an antispasmodic.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Greek valerian</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a plant (<spn>Polemonium c&aelig;ruleum</spn>) with blue or white flowers, and leaves resembling those of the officinal valerian.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*le`ri*an*a"ceous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of a natural order (<ord>Valerianace&aelig;</ord>) of which the valerian is the type. The order includes also the corn salads and the oriental spikenard.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*le"ri*an*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A valerate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*le`ri*an"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, valerian root; specifically, designating an acid which is usually called <xex>valeric acid</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ler"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Valerianic; specifically, designating any one of three metameric acids, of which the typical one (called also <stype>inactive valeric acid</stype>), <chform>C4H9CO2H</chform>, is obtained from <xex>valerian</xex> root and other sources, as a corrosive, mobile, oily liquid, having a strong acid taste, and an odor of old cheese.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Active valeric acid</b></col>, <cd>a metameric variety which turns the plane of polarization to the right, although formed by the oxidation of a levorotatory amyl alcohol.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ler"i*dine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A base, <chform>C10H19N</chform>, produced by heating valeric aldehyde with ammonia.  It is probably related to the conine alkaloids.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"er*in</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Valer</ets>ic + glycer<ets>in</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of valeric acid with glycerin, occurring in butter, dolphin oil, etc., and forming an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant odor.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*ler"i*trine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Valer</ets>ic + <ets>tro</ets>pine + <ets>-ine</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A base, <chform>C15H27N</chform>, produced together with valeridine, which it resembles.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"er*o-</hw>. <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A combining form (also used adjectively) indicating <xex>derivation from</xex>, or <xex>relation to</xex>, <xex>valerian</xex> or <xex>some of its products</xex>, as valeric acid; as in <xex>valero</xex>lactone, a colorless oily liquid produced as the anhydride of an hydroxy valeric acid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"er*one</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A ketone of valeric acid obtained as an oily liquid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"er*yl</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Valeric</ets> + <ets>-yl</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The hypothetical radical <chform>C5H9O</chform>, regarded as the essential nucleus of certain valeric acid derivatives.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`er*yl*ene</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon, <chform>C5H8</chform>; -- called also <altname>pentine</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"et</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;l"&ebreve_;t <it>or</it> v&abreve;l"&auptack_;; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>valet</ets>, OF. <ets>vallet</ets>, <ets>varlet</ets>, <ets>vaslet</ets>. See <er>Varlet</er>, and <er>Vassal</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A male waiting servant; a servant who attends on a gentleman's person; a body servant.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Man.)</fld> <def>A kind of goad or stick with a point of iron.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>&Verbar;Valet de chambre</b></col> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr> <ety>[F.]</ety>, <cd>a body servant, or personal attendant.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>valetudinarius</ets>, from <ets>valetudo</ets> state of health, health, ill health, fr. <ets>valere</ets> to be strong or well: cf. F. <ets>val&eacute;tudinaire</ets>. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety> <def>Of infirm health; seeking to recover health; sickly; weakly; infirm.</def><br/>
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<p><q>My feeble health and <qex>valetudinarian</qex> stomach.</q> <rj><qau>Coleridge.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The virtue which the world wants is a healthful virtue, not a <qex>valetudinarian</qex> virtue.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A person of a weak or sickly constitution; one who is seeking to recover health.</def><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Valetudinarians</qex> must live where they can command and scold.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The condition of a valetudinarian; a state of feeble health; infirmity.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*na*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Infirm; sickly; valetudinarian.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Val`e*tu"di*na*ri*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It renders the habit of society dangerously  <qex>valetudinary</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*na*ry</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A valetudinarian.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*nous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Valetudinarian.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;The <xex>valetudinous</xex> condition of King Edward.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val*hal"la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Icel. <ets>valh&ouml;ll</ets>, literally, hall of the slain; <ets>valr</ets> the slain (akin to AS. <ets>w&aelig;l</ets>, OHG. <ets>wal</ets> battlefield, <ets>wuol</ets> defeat, slaughter, AS. <ets>w&omacr;l</ets> pestilence) + <ets>h&ouml;ll</ets> a royal hall. See <er>Hall</er>, and cf. <er>Walhalla</er>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>walhalla</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Scand. Myth.)</fld> <def>The palace of immortality, inhabited by the souls of heroes slain in battle.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: A hall or temple adorned with statues and memorials of a nation's heroes; specifically, the Pantheon near Ratisbon, in Bavaria, consecrated to the illustrious dead of all Germany.</def><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Val"iance</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Val"ian*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaillance</ets>. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being valiant; bravery; valor.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;His doughty <xex>valiance</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"iant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>valiant</ets>, F. <ets>vaillant</ets>, OF. <ets>vaillant</ets>, <ets>valant</ets>, originally p. pr. of OF. &amp; F. <ets>valoir</ets> to be worth, L. <ets>valere</ets> to be strong. See <er>Wield</er>, and cf. <er>Avail</er>, <er>Convalesce</er>, <er>Equivalent</er>, <er>Prevail</er>, <er>Valid</er>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; <as>as, a <ex>valiant</ex> fencer</as>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Walton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Intrepid in danger; courageous; brave.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>valiant</qex> and most expert gentleman.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>And Saul said to David . . . be thou <qex>valiant</qex> for me, and fight the Lord's battles.</q> <rj><qau>1 Sam. xviii. 17.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Performed with valor or bravery; heroic.</def> &ldquo;Thou bearest the highest name for <xex>valiant</xex> acts.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>[The saints] have made such <qex>valiant</qex> confessions.</q> <rj><qau>J. H. Newman.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Val"iant*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Val"iant*ness</wf>, <wf>n</wf>.</wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"id</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>valide</ets>, L. <ets>validus</ets> strong, from <ets>valere</ets> to be strong. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Strong; powerful; efficient.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Perhaps more <xex>valid</xex> arms . . . may serve to better us.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Having sufficient strength or force; founded in truth; capable of being justified, defended, or supported; not weak or defective; sound; good; efficacious; <as>as, a <ex>valid</ex> argument; a <ex>valid</ex> objection</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>An answer that is open to no <qex>valid</qex> exception.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Having legal strength or force; executed with the proper formalities; incapable of being rightfully overthrown or set aside; <as>as, a <ex>valid</ex> deed; a <ex>valid</ex> covenant; a <ex>valid</ex> instrument of any kind; a <ex>valid</ex> claim or title; a <ex>valid</ex> marriage</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Prevalent; available; efficacious; just; good; weighty; sufficient; sound; well-grounded.</syn><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"i*date</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Valid</er>.]</ety> <def>To confirm; to render valid; to give legal force to.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The chamber of deputies . . . refusing to <qex>validate</qex> at once the election of an official candidate.</q> <rj><qau>London Spectator.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`i*da"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>validation</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of giving validity.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Knowles.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*lid"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>validit&eacute;</ets>, L. <ets>validitas</ets> strength.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being valid; strength; force; especially, power to convince; justness; soundness; <as>as, the <ex>validity</ex> of an argument or proof; the <ex>validity</ex> of an objection</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Legal strength, force, or authority; that quality of a thing which renders it supportable in law, or equity; <as>as, the <ex>validity</ex> of a will; the <ex>validity</ex> of a contract, claim, or title</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Value.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Rich <xex>validity</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"id*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a valid manner; so as to be valid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"id*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being valid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"inch</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>avaler</ets> to let down, drink up.  Cf. <er>Avalanche</er>.]</ety> <def>A tube for drawing liquors from a cask by the bunghole.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>velinche</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*lise"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>valise</ets>; cf. It. <ets>valigia</ets>, Sp. <ets>balija</ets>, LL. <ets>valisia</ets>, <ets>valesia</ets>; of uncertain origin, perhaps through (assumed) LL.  <ets>vidulitia</ets>, from L. <ets>vidulus</ets> a leathern trunk; a knapsack.]</ety> <def>A small sack or case, usually of leather, but sometimes of other material, for containing the clothes, toilet articles, etc., of a traveler; a traveling bag; a portmanteau.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val*kyr"i*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Icel. <ets>valkyrja</ets> (akin to AS. <ets>w&aelig;lcyrie</ets>); <ets>valr</ets> the slain + <ets>kj&omacr;sa</ets> to choose. See <er>Valhalla</er>, and <er>Choose</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Scand. Myth.)</fld> <def>One of the maidens of Odin, represented as awful and beautiful, who presided over battle and marked out those who were to be slain, and who also ministered at the feasts of heroes in Valhalla.  Now commonly written <altname>Valkyrie</altname>.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Valkyr</asp>, <asp>Valkyrie</asp>, <asp>Walkyrie</asp> and <asp>Walkyr</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val*kyr"i*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Valkyries; hence, relating to battle.</def> &ldquo;Ourself have often tried <xex>Valkyrian</xex> hymns.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Tennyson.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Val*lan"cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Valance</er>.]</ety> <def>A large wig that shades the face.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vallaris</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a rampart.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vallar crown</b></col> <fld>(Rom. Antiq.)</fld>, <cd>a circular gold crown with palisades, bestowed upon the soldier who first surmounted the rampart and broke into the enemy's camp.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"lar</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vallar crown.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"la*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Vallar</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vallatio</ets>, fr. <ets>vallare</ets> to surround with a rampart, fr. <ets>vallum</ets> rampart. See <er>Wall</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A rampart or intrenchment.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"la*to*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a vallation; used for a vallation; <as>as, <ex>vallatory</ex> reeds</as>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Val*lec"u*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vallecul&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[NL., dim. fr. L. <ets>vallis</ets>, <ets>valles</ets>, a valley.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A groove; a fossa; <as>as, the <ex>vallecula</ex>, or fossa, which separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>One of the grooves, or hollows, between the ribs of the fruit of umbelliferous plants.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`let's pills"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[From Dr. <ets>Vallet</ets> of Paris.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Pills containing sulphate of iron and carbonate of sodium, mixed with saccharine matter; -- called also <altname>Vallet's mass</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ley</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Valleys</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[OE. <ets>vale</ets>, <ets>valeie</ets>, OF. <ets>val&eacute;e</ets>, <ets>valede</ets>, F. <ets>vall&eacute;e</ets>, LL. <ets>vallata</ets>, L. <ets>vallis</ets>, <ets>valles</ets>. See <er>Vale</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The space inclosed between ranges of hills or mountains; the strip of land at the bottom of the depressions intersecting a country, including usually the bed of a stream, with frequently broad alluvial plains on one or both sides of the stream. Also used figuratively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>valley</qex> of the shadow of death.</q> <rj><qau>Ps. xxiii. 4.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Sweet interchange<br/>
Of hill and <qex>valley</qex>, rivers, woods, and plains.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Deep and narrow <xex>valleys</xex> with abrupt sides are usually the results of erosion by water, and are called <stype>gorges</stype>, <stype>ravines</stype>, <stype>ca&ntilde;ons</stype>, <stype>gulches</stype>, etc.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The place of meeting of two slopes of a roof, which have their plates running in different directions, and form on the plan a re&euml;ntrant angle.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The depression formed by the meeting of two slopes on a flat roof.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Valley board</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a board for the reception of the lead gutter in the valley of a roof. The valley board and lead gutter are not usual in the United States.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Valley rafter</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Valley piece</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>the rafter which supports the valley.</cd> -- <col><b>Valley roof</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a roof having one or more valleys. See <er>Valley</er>, 2, above.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Val"lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> L.  <plw>Valla</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>, E. <plw>Vallums</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. See <er>Wall</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Rom. Antiq.)</fld> <def>A rampart; a wall, as in a fortification.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*lo"ni*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>vallonia</ets>, <ets>vallonea</ets>, fr. NGr. <grk>balania`</grk>, <grk>balanidia`</grk>, the holm oak, <grk>bala`ni</grk>, <grk>balani`di</grk>, an acorn, Gr. <grk>ba`lanos</grk>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The acorn cup of two kinds of oak (<spn>Quercus macrolepis</spn>, and <spn>Quercus vallonea</spn>) found in Eastern Europe. It contains an abundance of tannin, and is much used by tanners and dyers.</def><!-- ##sic. better "an abundance"? --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[Perhaps named from its resemblance to an acorn.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of marine green alg&aelig;, in which the whole frond consists of a single oval or cylindrical cell, often an inch in length.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Val"or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>valour</ets>, OF. <ets>valor</ets>, <ets>valur</ets>, <ets>valour</ets>, F. <ets>valeur</ets>, LL. <ets>valor</ets>, fr. L. <ets>valere</ets> to be strong, or worth. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>valour</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Value; worth.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;The <xex>valor</xex> of a penny.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir T. More.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Strength of mind in regard to danger; that quality which enables a man to encounter danger with firmness; personal bravery; courage; prowess; intrepidity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>For contemplation he and <qex>valor</qex> formed.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>When <qex>valor</qex> preys on reason,<br/>
It eats the sword it fights with.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Fear to do base, unworthy things is <qex>valor</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>B. Jonson.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A brave man; a man of valor.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Ld. Lytton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; heroism; bravery; gallantry; boldness; fearlessness. See <er>Courage</er>, and <er>Heroism</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`or*i*za"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Pg. <ets>valorizac&atilde;o</ets>.]</ety> <def>Act or process of attempting to give an arbitrary market value or price to a commodity by governmental interference, as by maintaining a purchasing fund, making loans to producers to enable them to hold their products, etc.; -- used chiefly of such action by Brazil.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"or*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>valeureux</ets>, LL. <ets>valorosus</ets>.]</ety> <def>Possessing or exhibiting valor; brave; courageous; valiant; intrepid.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Val"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val*sal"vi*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to <etsep>Valsalva</etsep>, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Valsalvian experiment</b></col> <fld>(Med.)</fld>, <cd>the process of inflating the middle ear by closing the mouth and nostrils, and blowing so as to puff out the cheeks.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having value or worth; possessing qualities which are useful and esteemed; precious; costly; <as>as, a <ex>valuable</ex> horse; <ex>valuable</ex> land; a <ex>valuable</ex> cargo.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Worthy; estimable; deserving esteem; <as>as, a <ex>valuable</ex> friend; a <ex>valuable</ex> companion.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Valuable consideration</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>an equivalent or compensation having value given for a thing purchased, as money, marriage, services, etc.</cd>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au>   <au>Bouvier.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A precious possession; a thing of value, especially a small thing, as an article of jewelry; -- used mostly in the plural.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The food and <qex>valuables</qex> they offer to the gods.</q> <rj><qau>Tylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality of being valuable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*bly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>So as to be of value.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val`u*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of valuing, or of estimating value or worth; the act of setting a price; estimation; appraisement; <as>as, a <ex>valuation</ex> of lands for the purpose of taxation</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Value set upon a thing; estimated value or worth; <as>as, the goods sold for more than their <ex>valuation</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Since of your lives you set<br/>
So slight a <qex>valuation</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who assesses, or sets a value on, anything; an appraiser.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ue</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;l"&umacr;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>value</ets>, fr. <ets>valoir</ets>, p. p. <ets>valu</ets>, to be worth, fr. L. <ets>valere</ets> to be strong, to be worth. See <er>Valiant</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The property or aggregate properties of a thing by which it is rendered useful or desirable, or the degree of such property or sum of properties; worth; excellence; utility; importance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1593 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ye are all physicians of no <qex>value</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Job xiii. 4.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ye are of more <qex>value</qex> than many sparrows.</q> <rj><qau>Matt. x. 31.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>C&aelig;sar is well acquainted with your virtue,<br/>
And therefore sets this <qex>value</qex> on your life.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Before events shall have decided on the <qex>value</qex> of the measures.</q> <rj><qau>Marshall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Trade &amp; Polit. Econ.)</fld> <def>Worth estimated by any standard of purchasing power, especially by the market price, or the amount of money agreed upon as an equivalent to the utility and cost of anything.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>An article may be possessed of the highest degree of utility, or power to minister to our wants and enjoyments, and may be universally made use of, without possessing exchangeable <qex>value</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>M'Culloch.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Value</qex> is the power to command commodities generally.</q> <rj><qau>A. L. Chapin (Johnson's Cys.).</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Value</qex> is the generic term which expresses power in exchange.</q> <rj><qau>F. A. Walker.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His design was not to pay him the <qex>value</qex> of his pictures, because they were above any price.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In political economy, <xex>value</xex> is often distinguished as <xex>intrinsic</xex> and <xex>exchangeable</xex>. <xex>Intrinsic value</xex> is the same as utility or adaptation to satisfy the desires or wants of men. <xex>Exchangeable value</xex> is that in an article or product which disposes individuals to give for it some quantity of labor, or some other article or product obtainable by labor; as, pure air has an <xex>intrinsic value</xex>, but generally not an <xex>exchangeable value</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Precise signification; import; <as>as, the <ex>value</ex> of a word; the <ex>value</ex> of a legal instrument</as></def>  <rj><au>Mitford.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Esteem; regard.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>My relation to the person was so near, and my <qex>value</qex> for him so great</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Burnet.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>The relative length or duration of a tone or note, answering to <xex>quantity</xex> in prosody; thus, a quarter note [&unr_;] has the <xex>value</xex> of two eighth notes [&unr_;].</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>In an artistical composition, the character of any one part in its relation to other parts and to the whole; -- often used in the plural; <as>as, the <ex>values</ex> are well given, or well maintained</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>Valor.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>valew</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>That property of a color by which it is distinguished as bright or dark; luminosity.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Degree of lightness as conditioned by the presence of white or pale color, or their opposites.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn>  <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>Any particular quantitative determination; <as>as, a function's <ex>value</ex> for some special value of its argument</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn>  [<pluf>pl.</pluf>] <def>The valuable ingredients to be obtained by treatment from any mass or compound; specif., the precious metals contained in rock, gravel, or the like; <as>as, the vein carries good <ex>values</ex>; the <ex>values</ex> on the hanging walls</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Value received</b></col>, <cd>a phrase usually employed in a bill of exchange or a promissory note, to denote that a consideration has been given for it.</cd>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ue</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;l"&umacr;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Valued</conjf> <pr>(v&abreve;l"&umacr;d)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Valuing</conjf>.]</vmorph><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To estimate the value, or worth, of; to rate at a certain price; to appraise; to reckon with respect to number, power, importance, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The mind doth <qex>value</qex> every moment.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The queen is <qex>valued</qex> thirty thousand strong.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The king must take it ill,<br/>
That he's so slightly <qex>valued</qex> in his messenger.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Neither of them <qex>valued</qex> their promises according to rules of honor or integrity.</q> <rj><qau>Clarendon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To rate highly; to have in high esteem; to hold in respect and estimation; to appreciate; to prize; <as>as, to <ex>value</ex> one for his works or his virtues</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Which of the dukes he <qex>values</qex> most.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To raise to estimation; to cause to have value, either real or apparent; to enhance in value.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some <qex>value</qex> themselves to their country by jealousies of the crown.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Temple.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To be worth; to be equal to in value.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The peace between the French and us not <qex>values</qex><br/>
The cost that did conclude it.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To compute; rate; appraise; esteem; respect; regard; estimate; prize; appreciate.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ued</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;l"&umacr;d)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Highly regarded; esteemed; prized; <as>as, a <ex>valued</ex> contributor; a <ex>valued</ex> friend</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ued pol"i*cy</hw>. <fld>(Fire Insurance)</fld> <def>A policy in which the value of the goods, property, or interest insured is specified; -- opposed to <contr>open policy</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valued-policy law</hw>. <fld>(Fire Insurance)</fld> <def>A law requiring insurance companies to pay to the insured, in case of total loss, the full amount of the insurance, regardless of the actual value of the property at the time of the loss.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ue*less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Being of no value; having no worth.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"u*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who values; an appraiser.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ure</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Value.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Ld. Berners.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Valv"al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Valv"ar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Valvular.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"va*sor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Feud. Law)</fld> <def>See <er>Vavasor</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Val*va"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.; cf. L. <ets>valvatus</ets> having folding doors. See <er>Valve</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus of small spiral fresh-water gastropods having an operculum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valv"ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>valvatus</ets> having folding doors.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Resembling, or serving as, a valve; consisting of, or opening by, a valve or valves; valvular.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Meeting at the edges without overlapping; -- said of the sepals or the petals of flowers in &aelig;stivation, and of leaves in vernation.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Opening as if by doors or valves, as most kinds of capsules and some anthers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valve</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>valva</ets> the leaf, fold, or valve of a door: cf. F. <ets>valve</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A door; especially, one of a pair of folding doors, or one of the leaves of such a door.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Swift through the <qex>valves</qex> the visionary fair<br/>
Repassed.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Heavily closed, . . . the <qex>valves</qex> of the barn doors.</q> <rj><qau>Longfellow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A lid, plug, or cover, applied to an aperture so that by its movement, as by swinging, lifting and falling, sliding, turning, or the like, it will open or close the aperture to permit or prevent passage, as of a fluid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; A <xex>valve</xex> may act automatically so as to be opened by the effort of a fluid to pass in one direction, and closed by the effort to pass in the other direction, as a <xex>clack valve</xex>; or it may be opened or closed by hand or by mechanism, as a <xex>screw valve</xex>, or a <xex>slide valve</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>One or more membranous partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or retard the flow in the opposite direction; <as>as, the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar <ex>valves</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>One of the pieces into which a capsule naturally separates when it bursts.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>One of the two similar portions of the shell of a diatom.</def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>A small portion of certain anthers, which opens like a trapdoor to allow the pollen to escape, as in the barberry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the pieces or divisions of bivalve or multivalve shells.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Air valve</b></col>, <col><b>Ball valve</b></col>, <col><b>Check valve</b></col></mcol>, <cd>etc. See under <er>Air</er>. <er>Ball</er>, <er>Check</er>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Double-beat valve</b></col>, <cd>a kind of balance valve usually consisting of a movable, open-ended, turban-shaped shell provided with two faces of nearly equal diameters, one above another, which rest upon two corresponding seats when the valve is closed.</cd> -- <col><b>Equilibrium valve</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A balance valve. See under <er>Balance</er>.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>A valve for permitting air, steam, water, etc., to pass into or out of a chamber so as to establish or maintain equal pressure within and without.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve chest</b></col> <fld>(Mach.)</fld>, <cd>a chamber in which a valve works; especially <fld>(Steam Engine)</fld>, the steam chest; -- called in England <altname>valve box</altname>, and <altname>valve casing</altname>. See <cref>Steam chest</cref>, under <er>Steam</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve face</b></col> <fld>(Mach.)</fld>, <cd>that part of the surface of a valve which comes in contact with the <cref>valve seat</cref>.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Valve gear</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Valve motion</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Steam Engine)</fld>, <cd>the system of parts by which motion is given to the valve or valves for the distribution of steam in the cylinder.  For an illustration of one form of <ex>valve gear</ex>, see <er>Link motion</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve seat</b></col>. <fld>(Mach.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>The fixed surface on which a valve rests or against which it presses.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>A part or piece on which such a surface is formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve stem</b></col> <fld>(Mach.)</fld>, <cd>a rod attached to a valve, for moving it.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve yoke</b></col> <fld>(Mach.)</fld>, <cd>a strap embracing a slide valve and connecting it to the valve stem.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valved</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having a valve or valves; valvate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valve"let</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A little valve; a valvule; especially, one of the pieces which compose the outer covering of a pericarp.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valve"-shell`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any fresh-water gastropod of the genus <gen>Valvata</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Val"vu*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Valvul&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[NL., dim. fr. L. <ets>valva</ets> fold, valve of a door.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A little valve or fold; a valvelet; a valvule.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valv"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>valvulaire</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a valve or valves; specifically <fld>(Med.)</fld>, of or pertaining to the valves of the heart; <as>as, <ex>valvular</ex> disease</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Containing valves; serving as a valve; opening by valves; valvate; <as>as, a <ex>valvular</ex> capsule</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Valv"ule</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>valvule</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A little valve; a valvelet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small valvelike process.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Val"yl*ene</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vale</ets>rian + <ets>-yl</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A volatile liquid hydrocarbon, <chform>C5H6</chform>, related to ethylene and acetylene, but possessing the property of unsaturation in the third degree.  It is the only known member of a distinct series of compounds.  It has a garlic odor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vam"brace</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vantbrass</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anc. Armor)</fld> <def>The piece designed to protect the arm from the elbow to the wrist.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>va*moose"</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;*m&oomacr_;s")</pr>, <pos>v. i. &amp; t.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>vamos</ets> let us go.]</ety> <def>To depart quickly; to depart from.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vamos</asp>, and <asp>vamose</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Slang, Eng. &amp; U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>va*mose"</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;*m&omacr;s")</pr>, <pos>v. i. &amp; t.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>vamos</ets> let us go.]</ety> <def>To vamoose; -- an older spelling and pronunciation variant.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vamos</asp>, and <asp>vamoose</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Slang, Eng. &amp; U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;mp)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To advance; to travel.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vampe</ets>, <ets>vaumpe</ets>, <ets>vauntpe</ets>, F. <ets>avantpied</ets> the forefoot, vamp; <ets>avant</ets> before, fore + <ets>pied</ets> foot, L. <ets>pes</ets>. See <er>Advance</er>, <er>Van</er> of an army, and <er>Foot</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The part of a boot or shoe above the sole and welt, and in front of the ankle seam; an upper.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any piece added to an old thing to give it a new appearance. See <er>Vamp</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Music)</fld> <def>A usually improvized Jazz accompaniment, consisting of simple chords in sucession.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>vamp</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A woman who seduces men with her charm and wiles, in order to exploit them.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vamped</conjf> <pr>(?; 215)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vamping</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To provide, as a shoe, with new upper leather; hence, to to piece, as any old thing, with a new part; to repair; to patch; -- often followed by <ptcl>up</ptcl>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I had never much hopes of your <qex>vamped</qex> play.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To create with little skill; to concoct; to invent; -- usually with <ptcl>up</ptcl>; <as>as, he <ex>vamped</ex> up an implausible excuse</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>vamp</hw>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <def>To seduce (a man) sexually for purpose of exploitation.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who vamps; one who pieces an old thing with something new; a cobbler.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Same as 2nd <er>vamp</er>, <pos>n.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp"er</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Vaunt</er>.]</ety> <def>To swagger; to make an ostentatious show.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</mark>  <rj><au>Jamieson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vam"pire</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vampire</ets> (cf. It. <ets>vampiro</ets>, G. &amp; D. <ets>vampir</ets>), fr. Servian <ets>vampir</ets>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vampyre</asp>.]</altsp>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>A blood-sucking ghost; a soul of a dead person superstitiously believed to come from the grave and wander about by night sucking the blood of persons asleep, thus causing their death.  This superstition was once prevalent in parts of Eastern Europe, and was especially current in Hungary about the year 1730.  The <ex>vampire</ex> was often said to have the ability to transform itself into the form of a bat, as presented in the novel depicting the legend of <persfn>Dracula</persfn> published by <person>Bram Stoker</person> in 1897, which has inspired several movies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><q>The persons who turn <qex>vampires</qex> are generally wizards, witches, suicides, and persons who have come to a violent end, or have been cursed by their parents or by the church,</q> <rj><qau>Encyc. Brit.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: One who lives by preying on others; an extortioner; a bloodsucker.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Either one of two or more species of South American blood-sucking bats belonging to the genera <gen>Desmodus</gen> and <gen>Diphylla</gen>; also called <altname>vampire bat</altname>.  These bats are destitute of molar teeth, but have strong, sharp cutting incisors with which they make punctured wounds from which they suck the blood of horses, cattle, and other animals, as well as man, chiefly during sleep. They have a c&aelig;cal appendage to the stomach, in which the blood with which they gorge themselves is stored.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of several species of harmless tropical American bats of the genus <gen>Vampyrus</gen>, especially <spn>Vampyrus spectrum</spn>.  These bats feed upon insects and fruit, but were formerly erroneously supposed to suck the blood of man and animals. Called also <altname>false vampire</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vampire bat</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a vampire, 3.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- illustr.  Head of False Vampire. (Vampyrus spectrum) --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vam"pir*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vampirisme</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Belief in the existence of vampires.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The actions of a vampire; the practice of bloodsucking.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Fig.: The practice of extortion.</def>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vam"plate`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant</ets> before, fore + E. <ets>plate</ets>.]</ety> <def>A round plate of iron on the shaft of a tilting spear, to protect the hand.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vamplet</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"mure</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Vauntmure</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Abbrev. fr. <ets>vanguard</ets>.]</ety> <def>The front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in battle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Standards and gonfalons, twixt <qex>van</qex> and rear,<br/>
Stream in the air.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cornish.]</ety> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>A shovel used in cleansing ore.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>To wash or cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel.</def>  <rj><au>Raymond.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Abbreviated from <ets>caravan</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A light wagon, either covered or open, used by tradesmen and others for the transportation of goods.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A large covered wagon for moving furniture, etc., also for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A closed railway car for baggage. See the Note under <er>Car</er>, 2.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vannus</ets> a van, or fan for winnowing grain: cf. F. <ets>van</ets>.   Cf. <er>Fan</er>, <er>Van</er> a wing <er>Winnow</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for winnowing grain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[OF. <ets>vanne</ets>, F. <ets>vanneau</ets> beam feather (cf. It. <ets>vanno</ets> a wing) fr. L. <ets>vannus</ets>. See Etymology above.]</ety> <def>A wing with which the air is beaten.</def> <mark>[Archaic]</mark> &ldquo;[/Angels] on their plumy <xex>vans</xex> received him. &rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He wheeled in air, and stretched his <qex>vans</qex> in vain;<br/>
His <qex>vans</qex> no longer could his flight sustain.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vanner</ets> to winnow, to fan. See <er>Van</er> a winnowing machine.]</ety> <def>To fan, or to cleanse by fanning; to winnow.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"a*date</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vanadate</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of vanadic acid.</def> <altsp>[Formerly also <asp>vanadiate</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nad"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, vanadium; containing vanadium; specifically, designating those compounds in which vanadium has a relatively higher valence as contrasted with the <contr>vanadous</contr> compounds; <as>as, <ex>vanadic</ex> oxide</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vanadic acid</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>an acid analogous to phosphoric acid, not known in the free state but forming a well-known series of salts.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nad"i*nite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A mineral occurring in yellowish, brownish, and ruby-red hexagonal crystals.  It consists of lead vanadate with a small proportion of lead chloride.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, vanadium; specifically, designating those compounds in which vanadium has a lower valence as contrasted with the <contr>vanadic</contr> compounds; <as>as, <ex>vanadious</ex> acid</as>.  Usually written <altname>vanadous</altname>.</def> <altsp>[Sometimes written also <asp>vanadous</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of vanadious acid, analogous to a nitrite or a phosphite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Icel. <ets>Vanad&imacr;s</ets>, a surname of the Scandinavian goddess Freya.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A rare element of the nitrogen-phosphorus group, found combined, in vanadates, in certain minerals, and reduced as an infusible, grayish-white metallic powder. It is intermediate between the metals and the non-metals, having both basic and acid properties. Symbol V (or Vd, rarely). Atomic weight 50.94 (C12=12.000).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*um bronze`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A yellow pigment consisting of a compound of vanadium.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to vanadium; obtained from vanadium; -- said of an acid containing one equivalent of vanadium and two of oxygen; specifically, designating those compounds in which vanadium has a lower valence as contrasted with the <contr>vanadic</contr> compounds; <as>as, <ex>vanadous</ex> acid</as></def> <altsp>[Sometimes written also <asp>vanadious</asp>.]</altsp>.<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dyl</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vanad</ets>ium + <ets>-yl</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The hypothetical radical <chform>VO</chform>, regarded as a characteristic residue of certain vanadium compounds.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"-cou`ri*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant-courrier</ets>.  See <er>Avant</er>, <er>Van</er> of an army, and <er>Courier</er>, and cf. <er>Avant-courier</er>, <er>Vaunt-courier</er>.]</ety> <def>One sent in advance; an avant-courier; a precursor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"dal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Vandalus</ets>, <ets>Vandalius</ets>; of Teutonic origin, and probably originally signifying, a wanderer.  Cf. <er>Wander</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anc. Hist.)</fld> <def>One of a Teutonic race, formerly dwelling on the south shore of the Baltic, the most barbarous and fierce of the northern nations that plundered Rome in the 5th century, notorious for destroying the monuments of art and literature.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, one who willfully destroys or defaces any work of art or literature, or anything valluable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>Vandals</qex> of our isle,<br/>
Sworn foes to sense and law.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Van"dal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Van*dal"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vandals; resembling the Vandals in barbarism and destructiveness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"dal*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The spirit or conduct of the Vandals; ferocious cruelty; hostility to the arts and literature, or willful destruction or defacement of any object of beauty or value.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;n*d&imacr;k")</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the style of <persfn>Vandyke</persfn> the painter; used or represented by <persfn>Vandyke</persfn>.</def> &ldquo;His <xex>Vandyke</xex> dress.&rdquo; <au>Macaulay.</au> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Vandyck</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vandyke brown</b></col> <fld>(Paint.)</fld>, <cd>a pigment of a deep semitransparent brown color, supposed to be the color used by <persfn>Vandyke</persfn> in his pictures.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Vandyke collar</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>Vandyke cape</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a broad collar or cape of linen and lace with a deep pointed or scalloped edge, worn lying on the shoulders; -- so called from its appearance in pictures by <persfn>Vandyke</persfn>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vandyke edge</b></col>, <cd>an edge having ornamental triangular points.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <def>A picture by <persfn>Vandyke</persfn>.  Also, a Vandyke collar, or a Vandyke edge.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Vandyck</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To fit or furnish with a Vandyke; to form with points or scallops like a Vandyke.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Vandyck</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke" beard`</hw>. <def>A trim, pointed beard, such as those often seen in pictures by <etsep>Vandyke</etsep>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vane</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. &amp; Prov. E. <ets>fane</ets> weathercock, banner, AS. <ets>fana</ets> a banner, flag; akin to D. <ets>vaan</ets>, G. <ets>fahne</ets>, OHG. <ets>fano</ets> cloth, gund <ets>fano</ets> flag, Icel. <ets>f&amacr;ni</ets>, Sw. <ets>fana</ets>, Dan. <ets>fane</ets>, Goth. <ets>fana</ets> cloth, L. <ets>pannus</ets>, and perhaps to Gr. <grk>ph^nos</grk> a web, <grk>phni`on</grk> a bobbin, spool.  Cf. <er>Fanon</er>, <er>Pane</er> a compartment, panel.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1594 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A contrivance attached to some elevated object for the purpose of showing which way the wind blows; a weathercock.  It is usually a plate or strip of metal, or slip of wood, often cut into some fanciful form, and placed upon a perpendicular axis around which it moves freely.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Aye undiscreet, and changing as a <qex>vane</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any flat, extended surface attached to an axis and moved by the wind; <as>as, the <ex>vane</ex> of a windmill</as>; hence, a similar fixture of any form moved in or by water, air, or other fluid; <as>as, the <ex>vane</ex> of a screw propeller, a fan blower, an anemometer, etc</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The rhachis and web of a feather taken together.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>One of the sights of a compass, quadrant, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vane of a leveling staff</b></col>. <fld>(Surv.)</fld> <cd>Same as <er>Target</er>, 3.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Van*es"sa</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;n*&ebreve_;s"s&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Probably from Swift's poem of Cadenus and <etsep>Vanessa</etsep>. See <er>Vanessa</er>, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of handsomely colored butterflies belonging to <gen>Vanessa</gen> and allied genera. Many of these species have the edges of the wings irregularly scalloped.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van*es"si*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A vanessa.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"foss`</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;n"f&obreve_;s`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant-foss&eacute;</ets>; <ets>avant</ets> before + <ets>foss&eacute;</ets> ditch.  Cf. <er>Fosse</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A ditch on the outside of the counterscarp, usually full of water.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vang</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>vangen</ets> to catch, seize. See <er>Fang</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A rope to steady the peak of a gaff.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"glo</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Benne (<spn>Sesamum orientale</spn>); also, its seeds; -- so called in the West Indies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"guard`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[For <ets>vantguard</ets>, <ets>avantguard</ets>, F. <ets>avant-garde</ets>; <ets>avant</ets> before, fore + <ets>garde</ets> guard. See <er>Avant</er>, <er>Ab-</er>,<er>Ante-</er>, and <er>Guard</er>, and cf. <er>Advance</er>, <er>Vamp</er>, <er>Van</er> of an army, <er>Vaward</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>The troops who march in front of an army; the advance guard; the van.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Sp. <ets>vainilla</ets>, dim. of Sp. <ets>vaina</ets> a sheath, a pod, L. <ets>vagina</ets>; because its grains, or seeds, are contained in little pods.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of climbing orchidaceous plants, natives of tropical America.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The long podlike capsules of <spn>Vanilla planifolia</spn>, and <spn>Vanilla claviculata</spn>, remarkable for their delicate and agreeable odor, for the volatile, odoriferous oil extracted from them; also, the flavoring extract made from the capsules, extensively used in confectionery, perfumery, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; As a medicine, <xex>vanilla</xex> is supposed to possess powers analogous to valerian, while, at the same time, it is far more grateful.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Cuban vanilla</b></col>, <cd>a sweet-scented West Indian composite shrub (<spn>Eupatorium Dalea</spn>).</cd> -- <col><b>Vanilla bean</b></col>, <cd>the long capsule of the vanilla plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Vanilla grass</b></col>. <cd>Same as <cref>Holy grass</cref>, under <er>Holy</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of vanillic acid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, vanilla or vanillin; resembling vanillin; specifically, designating an alcohol and an acid respectively, vanillin being the intermediate aldehyde.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lin</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A white crystalline aldehyde having a burning taste and characteristic odor of vanilla. It is extracted from vanilla pods, and is also obtained by the decomposition of coniferin, and by the oxidation of eugenol.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"loes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <def>An inferior kind of vanilla, the pods of <spn>Vanilla Pompona</spn>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lyl</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vanill</ets>ic + <ets>-yl</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The hypothetical radical characteristic of vanillic alcohol.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"o*quence</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaniloquentia</ets>; <ets>vanus</ets> vain + <ets>loquentia</ets> talk, <ets>loqui</ets> to speak.]</ety> <def>Vain or foolish talk.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"o*quent</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Talking foolishly.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;n"&ibreve_;sh)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vanished</conjf> <pr>(v&abreve;n"&ibreve_;sht)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vanishing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>vanissen</ets>, OF. <ets>vanir</ets> (in comp.): cf. OF. <ets>envanir</ets>, <ets>esvanir</ets>, <ets>esvanu&iuml;r</ets>, F. <ets>s'&eacute;vanouir</ets>; fr. L. <ets>vanus</ets> empty, vain; cf. L. <ets>vanescere</ets>, <ets>evanescere</ets>, to vanish. See <er>Vain</er>, and cf. <er>Evanescent</er>,<er>-ish</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To pass from a visible to an invisible state; to go out of sight; to disappear; to fade; <as>as, vapor <ex>vanishes</ex> from the sight by being dissipated; a ship <ex>vanishes</ex> from the sight of spectators on land</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The horse <qex>vanished</qex> . . . out of sight.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Go; <qex>vanish</qex> into air; away!</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The champions <qex>vanished</qex> from their posts with the speed of lightning.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Gliding from the twilight past to <qex>vanish</qex> among realities.</q> <rj><qau>Hawthorne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To be annihilated or lost; to pass away.</def> &ldquo;All these delights will <xex>vanish</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;n"&ibreve_;sh)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Phon.)</fld> <def>The brief terminal part of a vowel or vocal element, differing more or less in quality from the main part; <as>as, <ex>a</ex> as in <ex>ale</ex> ordinarily ends with a <ex>vanish</ex> of <ex>i</ex> as in <ex>ill</ex>, <ex>o</ex> as in <ex>old</ex> with a vanish of <ex>oo</ex> as in <ex>foot</ex></as>.</def>  <rj><au>Rush.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The <xex>vanish</xex> is included by Mr. Bell under the general term <xex>glide</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish*ing</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <def><pos>a. &amp; n.</pos> from <er>Vanish</er>, <pos>v.</pos></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vanishing fraction</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>a fraction which reduces to the form <frac>0/0</frac> for a particular value of the variable which enters it, usually in consequence of the existence of a common factor in both terms of the fraction, which factor becomes 0 for this particular value of the variable.</cd> <au>Math. Dict.</au> -- <col><b>Vanishing line</b></col> <fld>(Persp.)</fld>, <cd>the intersection of the parallel of any original plane and the picture; one of the lines converging to the vanishing point.</cd> -- <col><b>Vanishing point</b></col> <fld>(Persp.)</fld>, <cd>the point to which all parallel lines in the same plane tend in the representation.</cd> <au>Gwilt.</au> -- <col><b>Vanishing stress</b></col> <fld>(Phon.)</fld>, <cd>stress of voice upon the closing portion of a syllable.</cd> <au>Rush.</au></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vanishing.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vanities</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[OE. <ets>vanite</ets>, F. <ets>vanit&eacute;</ets>, L. <ets>vanitas</ets>, fr. <ets>vanus</ets> empty, vain. See <er>Vain</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being vain; want of substance to satisfy desire; emptiness; unsubstantialness; unrealness; falsity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Vanity</qex> of vanities, saith the Preacher, <qex>vanity</qex> of vanities; all is <qex>vanity</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Eccl. i. 2.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Here I may well show the <qex>vanity</qex> of that which is reported in the story of Walsingham.</q> <rj><qau>Sir J. Davies.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An inflation of mind upon slight grounds; empty pride inspired by an overweening conceit of one's personal attainments or decorations; an excessive desire for notice or approval; pride; ostentation; conceit.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The exquisitely sensitive <qex>vanity</qex> of Garrick was galled.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>That which is vain; anything empty, visionary, unreal, or unsubstantial; fruitless desire or effort; trifling labor productive of no good; empty pleasure; vain pursuit; idle show; unsubstantial enjoyment.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Vanity of <qex>vanities</qex>, saith the Preacher.</q> <rj><qau>Eccl. i. 2.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Vanity</qex> possesseth many who are desirous to know the certainty of things to come.</q> <rj><qau>Sir P. Sidney.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[Sin] with <qex>vanity</qex> had filled the works of men.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Think not, when woman's transient breath is fled,<br/>
That all her <qex>vanities</qex> at once are dead;<br/>
Succeeding <qex>vanities</qex> she still regards.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>One of the established characters in the old moralities and puppet shows. See <er>Morality</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 5.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>You . . . take <qex>vanity</qex> the puppet's part.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>same as <er>dressing table</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A cabinet built around a bathroom sink, usually with a countertop and sometimes drawers.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Egotism; pride; emptiness; worthlessness; self-sufficiency. See <er>Egotism</er>, and <er>Pride</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"i*ty box</hw>. <def>A small box, usually jeweled or of precious metal and worn on a chain, containing a mirror, powder puff, and other small toilet articles for a woman.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"jas</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The Australian pied crow shrike (<spn>Strepera graculina</spn>). It is glossy bluish black, with the under tail coverts and the tips and bases of the tail feathers white.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ner</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>A machine for concentrating ore. See <er>Frue vanner</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ner hawk`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <def>The kestrel.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ning</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>A process by which ores are washed on a shovel, or in a vanner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;&nsmacr_;"kw&ibreve_;sh)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vanquished</conjf> <pr>(v&abreve;&nsmacr_;"kw&ibreve_;sht)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vanquishing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>venquishen</ets>, <ets>venquissen</ets>, <ets>venkisen</ets>, F. <ets>vaincre</ets>, pret. <ets>vainquis</ets>, OF. <ets>veintre</ets>, pret. <ets>venqui</ets>, <ets>venquis</ets> (cf. an OF. infin. <ets>vainquir</ets>), fr. L. <ets>vincere</ets>; akin to AS. <ets>w&imacr;g</ets> war, battle, <ets>w&imacr;gend</ets> a warrior, <ets>w&imacr;gan</ets> to contend, fight, OHG. <ets>w&imacr;gant</ets> a warrior, <ets>w&imacr;gan</ets> to fight, Icel. <ets>v&imacr;g</ets> battle, Goth. <ets>weihan</ets> to fight, contend.  Cf. <er>Convince</er>, <er>Evict</er>, <er>Invincible</er>, <er>Victor</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>To conquer, overcome, or subdue in battle, as an enemy.</def>  <rj><au>Hakluyt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They . . . <qex>vanquished</qex> the rebels in all encounters.</q> <rj><qau>Clarendon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, to defeat in any contest; to get the better of; to put down; to refute.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This bold assertion has been fully <qex>vanquished</qex> in a late reply to the Bishop of Meaux's treatise.</q> <rj><qau>Atterbury.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>For e'en though <qex>vanquished</qex>, he could argue still.</q> <rj><qau>Goldsmith.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; surmount; overcome; confute; silence. See <er>Conquer</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <def>A disease in sheep, in which they pine away.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vinquish</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>That may be vanquished.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, vanquishes.</def>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of vanquishing, or the state of being vanquished.</def>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"sire</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[The native name: cf. F. <ets>vansire</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An ichneumon (<spn>Herpestes galera</spn>) native of Southern Africa and Madagascar. It is reddish brown or dark brown, grizzled with white. Called also <altname>vondsira</altname>, and <altname>marsh ichneumon</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>See <er>Vaunt</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"tage</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;n"t&auptack_;j; 48)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Aphetic form of OE. <ets>avantage</ets>, fr. F. <ets>avantage</ets>. See <er>Advantage</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Superior or more favorable situation or opportunity; gain; profit; advantage.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>O happy <qex>vantage</qex> of a kneeling knee!</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A position offering a superior view of a scene or situation; -- used literally and figuratively; <as>as, from the <ex>vantage</ex> of hindsight</as>;  also called <altname>vantage point</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Tennis)</fld> <def>The first point scored after deuce; advantage{5}.</def> <mark>[Brit.]</mark> <br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; When the server wins this point, it is called <xex>vantage in</xex>; when the receiver, or striker out, wins, it is called <xex>vantage out</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To have at vantage</b></col>, <cd>to have the advantage of; to be in a more favorable condition than.</cd> &ldquo;He <xex>had</xex> them <xex>at vantage</xex>, being tired and harassed with a long march.&rdquo; <au>Bacon.</au> -- <col><b>Vantage ground</b></col>, <cd>superiority of state or place; the place or condition which gives one an advantage over another.</cd> &ldquo;The <xex>vantage ground</xex> of truth.  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
<q>It is these things that give him his actual standing, and it is from this <qex>vantage ground</qex> that he looks around him.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj>
</cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"tage</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To profit; to aid.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"tage game</hw>. <fld>(Lawn Tennis)</fld> <def>The first game after the set is deuce. See <er>Set</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 9.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vantage point</hw>. <def>A point giving advantage; vantage ground.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Vant"brace</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;nt"br&amacr;s)</pr>, <hw>Vant"brass</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;nt"br&adot_;s)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant</ets> fore + <ets>bras</ets> arm: cf. F. <ets>brassard</ets> armor for the arm, brace, forearm.  Cf. <er>Vambrace</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anc. Armor)</fld> <def>Armor for the arm; vambrace.</def>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vant"-cou`ri*er</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;nt"k&oomacr_;`r&ibreve_;*&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <def>An avant-courier. See <er>Van-courier</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van't Hoff's law</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[After <person>J. H. <etsep>van't Hoff</etsep></person>, Dutch physical chemist.]</ety> <fld>(Phys. Chem.)</fld> <def>The generalization that: when a system is in equilibrium, of the two opposed interactions the endothermic is promoted by raising the temperature, the exothermic by lowering it.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ward</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Being on, or towards, the van, or front.</def> &ldquo;The <xex>vanward</xex> frontier.&rdquo;  <rj><au>De Quincey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;p)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vapid</er>.]</ety> <def>That which is vapid, insipid, or lifeless; especially, the lifeless part of liquor or wine.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>In vain it is to wash a goblet, if you mean to put into it nothing but the dead lees and <qex>vap</qex> of wine.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap"id</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;p"&ibreve_;d)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vapidus</ets> having lost its life and spirit, vapid; akin to <ets>vappa</ets> vapid wine, <ets>vapor</ets> vapor. See <er>Vapor</er>.]</ety> <def>Having lost its life and spirit; dead; spiritless; insipid; flat; dull; unanimated; <as>as, <ex>vapid</ex> beer; a <ex>vapid</ex> speech; <ex>a vapid</ex> state of the blood</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>A cheap, bloodless reformation, a guiltless liberty, appear flat and <qex>vapid</qex> to their taste.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Vap"id*ly</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Vap"id*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*pid"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vapid; vapidness.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vapour</ets>, OF. <ets>vapour</ets>, <ets>vapor</ets>, <ets>vapeur</ets>, F. <ets>vapeur</ets>, L. <ets>vapor</ets>; probably for <ets>cvapor</ets>, and akin to Gr. &unr_; smoke, &unr_; to breathe forth, Lith. <ets>kvepti</ets> to breathe, smell, Russ. <ets>kopote</ets> fine soot.  Cf. <er>Vapid</er>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vapour</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>Any substance in the gaseous, or a&euml;riform, state, the condition of which is ordinarily that of a liquid or solid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The term <xex>vapor</xex> is sometimes used in a more extended sense, as identical with <xex>gas</xex>; and the difference between the two is not so much one of kind as of degree, the latter being applied to all permanently elastic fluids except atmospheric air, the former to those elastic fluids which lose that condition at ordinary temperatures. The atmosphere contains more or less <xex>vapor</xex> of water, a portion of which, on a reduction of temperature, becomes condensed into liquid water in the form of rain or dew. The <xex>vapor</xex> of water produced by boiling, especially in its economic relations, is called <xex>steam</xex>.</note><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Vapor</qex> is any substance in the gaseous condition at the maximum of density consistent with that condition. This is the strict and proper meaning of the word <qex>vapor</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Nichol.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>In a loose and popular sense, any visible diffused substance floating in the atmosphere and impairing its transparency, as smoke, fog, etc.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>vapour</qex> which that fro the earth glood [glided].</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Fire and hail; snow and <qex>vapors</qex>; stormy wind fulfilling his word.</q> <rj><qau>Ps. cxlviii. 8.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Wind; flatulence.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Something unsubstantial, fleeting, or transitory; unreal fancy; vain imagination; idle talk; boasting.</def><br/>
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<p><q>For what is your life? It is even a <qex>vapor</qex>, that appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away.</q> <rj><qau>James iv. 14.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>5.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>An old name for hypochondria, or melancholy; the blues.</def> &ldquo;A fit of <xex>vapors</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>6.</sn> <fld>(Pharm.)</fld> <def>A medicinal agent designed for administration in the form of inhaled vapor.</def>  <rj><au>Brit. Pharm.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vapor bath</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A bath in vapor; the application of vapor to the body, or part of it, in a close place; also, the place itself.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <cd>A small metallic drying oven, usually of copper, for drying and heating filter papers, precipitates, etc.; -- called also <altname>air bath</altname>. A modified form is provided with a jacket in the outside partition for holding water, or other volatile liquid, by which the temperature may be limited exactly to the required degree.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor burner</b></col>, <cd>a burner for burning a vaporized hydrocarbon.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor density</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>the relative weight of gases and vapors as compared with some specific standard, usually hydrogen, but sometimes air. The vapor density of gases and vaporizable substances as compared with hydrogen, when multiplied by two, or when compared with air and multiplied by 28.8, gives the molecular weight.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine worked by the expansive force of a vapor, esp. a vapor other than steam.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"por</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vapored</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vaporing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[From <er>Vapor</er>, <pos>n.</pos>: cf. L. <ets>vaporare</ets>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vapour</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To pass off in fumes, or as a moist, floating substance, whether visible or invisible, to steam; to be exhaled; to evaporate.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To emit vapor or fumes.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>Running waters <qex>vapor</qex> not so much as standing waters.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To talk idly; to boast or vaunt; to brag.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Poets used to <qex>vapor</qex> much after this manner.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>We <qex>vapor</qex> and say, By this time Matthews has beaten them.</q> <rj><qau>Walpole.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To send off in vapor, or as if in vapor; <as>as, to <ex>vapor</ex> away a heated fluid</as>.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vapour</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><q>He'd laugh to see one throw his heart away,<br/>
Another, sighing, <qex>vapor</qex> forth his soul.</q> <rj><qau>B. Jonson.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap`o*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vaporable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*ra*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being converted into vapor by the agency of heat; vaporizable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*rate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaporare</ets>, <ets>vaporatum</ets>. See <er>Vapor</er>.]</ety> <def>To emit vapor; to evaporate.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*ra"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaporation</ets>, L. <ets>vaporatio</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act or process of converting into vapor, or of passing off in vapor; evaporation.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"pored</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Wet with vapors; moist.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Affected with the vapors. See <er>Vapor</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 5.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who vapors; a braggart.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vaporer moth</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See <er>Orgyia</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por gal"va*niz`ing</hw>. <fld>(Metal.)</fld> <def>A process for coating metal (usually iron or steel) surfaces with zinc by exposing them to the vapor of zinc instead of, as in ordinary galvanizing, to molten zinc; -- called also <altname>Sherardizing</altname>. Vapor galvanizing is accomplished by heating the articles to be galvanized together with zinc dust in an air tight receptacle to a temperature of about 600&deg; F., which is 188&deg; below the melting point of zinc, or by exposing the articles to vapor from molten zinc in a separate receptacle, using hydrogen or other reducing gas to prevent oxidation.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*rif"er*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaporifer</ets>; <ets>vapor + ferre</ets> to bear.]</ety> <def>Conveying or producing vapor.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap`o*rif"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vapor</ets> vapor + <ets>facere</ets> to make.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Producing vapor; tending to pass, or to cause to pass, into vapor; <as>thus, volatile fluids are <ex>vaporific</ex>; heat is a <ex>vaporific</ex> agent</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*por"i*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Existing in a vaporous form or state; <as>as, steam is a <ex>vaporiform</ex> substance</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*rim"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vapor</ets> + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <def>An instrument for measuring the volume or the tension of any vapor; specifically, an instrument of this sort used as an alcoholometer in testing spirituous liquors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ing</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Talking idly; boasting; vaunting.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Va"por*ing*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por*ish</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Full of vapors; vaporous.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hypochondriacal; affected by hysterics; splenetic; peevish; humorsome.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Pallas grew <qex>vap'rish</qex> once and odd.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap"o*ri`za*ble</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;p"&ouptack_;*r&imacr;`z&adot_;*b'l <it>or</it> v&amacr;"p&etilde_;r*&imacr;`z&adot_;*b'l; 110)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being vaporized, or converted into vapor.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap`o*ri*za"tion</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;p`&ouptack_;*r&imacr;*z&adot_;"sh&ubreve;n <it>or</it> v&amacr;`p&etilde_;r*&imacr;*z&adot_;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaporisation</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act or process of vaporizing, or the state of being converted into vapor; the artificial formation of vapor; specifically, the conversion of water into steam, as in a steam boiler.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1595 pr=PI --><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap"o*rize</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;p"&ouptack_;*r&imacr;z <it>or</it> v&amacr;"p&etilde_;r*&imacr;z)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vaporized</conjf> <pr>(-r&imacr;zd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vaporizing</conjf> <pr>(-r&imacr;`z&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vaporiser</ets>.]</ety> <def>To convert into vapor, as by the application of heat, whether naturally or artificially.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vaporizing surface</b></col>. <fld>(Steam Boilers)</fld> <cd>See <cref>Evaporating surface</cref>, under <er>Evaporate</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos></cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*rize</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To pass off in vapor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*ri`zer</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, vaporizes, or converts into vapor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ose`</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;"p&etilde_;r*&omacr;s`)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Full of vapor; vaporous.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por*ous</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;"p&etilde_;r*&ubreve;s`)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaporosus</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vaporeux</ets>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Having the form or nature of vapor.</def>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Full of vapors or exhalations.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The warmer and more <qex>vaporous</qex> air of the valleys.</q> <rj><qau>Derham.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Producing vapors; hence, windy; flatulent.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The food which is most <qex>vaporous</qex> and perspirable is the most easily digested.</q> <rj><qau>Arbuthnot.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Unreal; unsubstantial; vain; whimsical.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Such <qex>vaporous</qex> speculations were inevitable.</q> <rj><qau>Carlyle.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"por*ous*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality of being vaporous.</def><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Vapor pressure</hw> <it>or</it> <hw>Vapor tension</hw>  }</mhw>. <fld>(Physics)</fld> <def>The pressure or tension of a confined body of vapor of a chemical substance in equilibrium with the solid or liquid form of the substance.  The pressure of a given saturated vapor is a function of the temperature only, and may be measured by introducing a small quantity of the substance into a barometer and noting the depression of the column of mercury.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"por*y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Full of vapors; vaporous.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hypochondriacal; splenetic; peevish.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vap`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vapulare</ets> to be flogged.]</ety> <def>The act of beating or whipping.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*que"ro</hw> <pr>(v&auml;*k&auptack_;"r&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp., cowherd, fr. <ets>vaca</ets> a cow, L. <ets>vacca</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vacher</er>.]</ety> <def>One who has charge of cattle, horses, etc.; a herdsman; a cowboy.</def> <mark>[Southwestern U. S.]</mark><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"ra</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. See 1st <er>Vare</er>.]</ety> <def>A Spanish measure of length equal to about one yard. The vara now in use equals 33.385 inches.</def>  <rj><au>Johnson's Cyc.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"ran</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The monitor. See <er>Monitor</er>, 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ran"gi*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One of the Northmen who founded a dynasty in Russia in the 9th century; also, one of the Northmen composing, at a later date, the imperial bodyguard at Constantinople.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*ra"nus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. Ar. <ets>uaran</ets>, <ets>uaral</ets>; cf. F. <ets>varan</ets>, from the Arabic.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus of very large lizards native of Asia and Africa.  It includes the monitors. See <er>Monitor</er>, 3.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vare</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>vara</ets> staff, wand, L. <ets>vara</ets> forked pole.]</ety> <def>A wand or staff of authority or justice.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>His hand a <qex>vare</qex> of justice did uphold.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vare</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A weasel.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vare widgeon</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a female or young male of the smew; a weasel duck; -- so called from the resemblance of the head to that of a <xex>vare</xex>, or weasel.</cd> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Var"ec</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>varech</ets>; of Teutonic origin. See <er>Wrack</er> seaweed, wreck.]</ety> <def>The calcined ashes of any coarse seaweed used for the manufacture of soda and iodine; also, the seaweed itself; fucus; wrack.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Var*gue"no</hw> <pr>(v&auml;r*g&amacr;"n&omacr;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Said to be fr. <ets>Vargas</ets>, name of a village in Spain.]</ety> <fld>(Art)</fld> <def>A decorative cabinet, of a form originating in Spain, the body being rectangular and supported on legs or an ornamental framework and the front opening downwards on hinges to serve as a writing desk.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"ri</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vari</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The ringtailed lemur (<spn>Lemur catta</spn>) of Madagascar. Its long tail is annulated with black and white.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*a*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>variabilit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being variable; variableness.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>The power possessed by living organisms, both animal and vegetable, of adapting themselves to modifications or changes in their environment, thus possibly giving rise to ultimate variation of structure or function.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>variabilis</ets>: cf. F. <ets>variable</ets>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Having the capacity of varying or changing; capable of alternation in any manner; changeable; <as>as, <ex>variable</ex> winds or seasons; a <ex>variable</ex> quantity.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Liable to vary; too susceptible of change; mutable; fickle; unsteady; inconstant; <as>as, the affections of men are <ex>variable</ex>; passions are <ex>variable</ex>.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Lest that thy love prove likewise <qex>variable</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>His heart, I know, how <qex>variable</qex> and vain!</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Variable exhaust</b></col> <fld>(Steam Eng.)</fld>, <cd>a blast pipe with an adjustable opening.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable quantity</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>a variable.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable-rate mortgage</b></col> <fld>(Finance)</fld>, <cd>a mortgage whose percentage interest rate varies depending on some agreed standard, such as the prime rate; -- used often in financing the purchase of a home.  Such a mortgage usually has a lower initial interest rate than a <contr>fixed-rate mortgage</contr>, and this permits buyers of a home to finance the purchase a house of higher price than would be possible with a fixed-rate loan.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable stars</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>fixed stars which vary in their brightness, usually in more or less uniform periods.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Changeable; mutable; fickle; wavering; unsteady; versatile; inconstant.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>That which is variable; that which varies, or is subject to change.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>A quantity which may increase or decrease; a quantity which admits of an infinite number of values in the same expression; a variable quantity; <as>as, in the equation <mathex>x<exp>2</exp> - y<exp>2</exp> = R<exp>2</exp></mathex>, <it>x</it> and <it>y</it> are <ex>variables</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A shifting wind, or one that varies in force.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Those parts of the sea where a steady wind is not expected, especially the parts between the trade-wind belts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Independent variable</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>that one of two or more variables, connected with each other in any way whatever, to which changes are supposed to be given at will. <as>Thus, in the equation <mathex>x<exp>2</exp> - y<exp>2</exp> = R<exp>2</exp></mathex>, if arbitrary changes are supposed to be given to <it>x</it>, then <it>x</it> is the <ex>independent variable</ex>, and <it>y</it> is called a <it>function</it> of <it>x</it>.</as>  There may be two or more independent variables in an equation or problem.   Cf. <cref>Dependent variable</cref>, under <er>Dependent</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being variable; variability.</def>  <rj><au>James i. 17.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*bly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a variable manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ance</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>variantia</ets>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being variant; change of condition; variation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Difference that produces dispute or controversy; disagreement; dissension; discord; dispute; quarrel.</def><br/>
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<p><q>That which is the strength of their amity shall prove the immediate author of their <qex>variance</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A disagreement or difference between two parts of the same legal proceeding, which, to be effectual, ought to agree, -- as between the writ and the declaration, or between the allegation and the proof.</def>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Statistics)</fld>  <def>The expected value of the square of the deviation from the mean of a randomly distributed variable; the second moment about the mean.  This is also the square of the <contr>standard deviation</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>At variance</b></col>, <cd>in disagreement; in a state of dissension or controversy; at enmity.</cd>  &ldquo;What cause brought him so soon <xex>at variance</xex> with himself?&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj>
</cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varians</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>variare</ets> to change: cf. F. <ets>variant</ets>. See <er>Vary</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Varying in form, character, or the like; variable; different; diverse.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Changeable; changing; fickle.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>He is so <qex>variant</qex>, he abit [abides] nowhere.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"ri*ant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>variante</ets>.]</ety> <def>Something which differs in form from another thing, though really the same; <as>as, a <ex>variant</ex> from a type in natural history; a <ex>variant</ex> of a story or a word.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>variatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>variare</ets>. See <er>Vary</er>.]</ety> <def>To alter; to make different; to vary.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>variatioun</ets>, F. <ets>variation</ets>, L. <ets>variatio</ets>. See <er>Vary</er>.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of varying; a partial change in the form, position, state, or qualities of a thing; modification; alteration; mutation; diversity; deviation; <as>as, a <ex>variation</ex> of color in different lights; a <ex>variation</ex> in size; <ex>variation</ex> of language.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The essences of things are conceived not capable of any such <qex>variation</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Extent to which a thing varies; amount of departure from a position or state; amount or rate of change.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Gram.)</fld> <def>Change of termination of words, as in declension, conjugation, derivation, etc.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>Repetition of a theme or melody with fanciful embellishments or modifications, in time, tune, or harmony, or sometimes change of key; the presentation of a musical thought in new and varied aspects, yet so that the essential features of the original shall still preserve their identity.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Alg.)</fld> <def>One of the different arrangements which can be made of any number of quantities taking a certain number of them together.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Annual variation</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>the yearly change in the right ascension or declination of a star, produced by the combined effects of the precession of the equinoxes and the proper motion of the star.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of variations</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Calculus</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation compass</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Compass</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation of the moon</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>an inequality of the moon's motion, depending on the angular distance of the moon from the sun. It is greater at the octants, and zero at the quadratures.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation of the needle</b></col> <fld>(Geog. &amp; Naut.)</fld>, <cd>the angle included between the true and magnetic meridians of a place; the deviation of the direction of a magnetic needle from the true north and south line; -- called also <altname>declination of the needle</altname>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Change; vicissitude; variety; deviation.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cel"la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., dim. of LL. <ets>variola</ets> smallpox.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Chicken pox.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Var"i*ces</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <def>See <er>Varix</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ric"i*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Varix</ets> + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Resembling a varix.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"i*co*cele</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Varix</ets> a dilated vein + Gr. &unr_; tumor: cf. F. <ets>varicoc&egrave;le</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A varicose enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord; also, a like enlargement of the veins of the scrotum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"i*cose`</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varicosus</ets>, from <ets>varix</ets>, <ets>-icis</ets>, a dilated vein; cf. <ets>varus</ets> bent, stretched, crooked.]</ety>  <sn>1.</sn> <def>Irregularly swollen or enlarged; affected with, or containing, varices, or varicosities; of or pertaining to varices, or varicosities; <as>as, a <ex>varicose</ex> nerve fiber; a <ex>varicose</ex> vein; <ex>varicose</ex> ulcers</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Intended for the treatment of varicose veins; -- said of elastic stockings, bandages, and the like.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Var`i*cos"is</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. See <er>Varix</er>, and <er>-osis</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The formation of varices; varicosity.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cos"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being varicose.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An enlargement or swelling in a vessel, fiber, or the like; a varix; <as>as, the <ex>varicosities</ex> of nerve fibers</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cot"o*my</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Varix</er>; <er>-tomy</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Surg.)</fld> <def>Excision of a varicosity.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"i*cous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Varicose.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ried</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Changed; altered; various; diversified; <as>as, a <ex>varied</ex> experience; <ex>varied</ex> interests; <ex>varied</ex> scenery.</as></def> -- <wordforms><wf>Va"ried*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>varied</qex> fields of science, ever new.</q> <rj><qau>Cowper.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"ri*e*gate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Variegated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Variegating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>variegatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>variegare</ets> to variegate; <ets>varius</ets> various + <ets>agere</ets> to move, make. See <er>Various</er>, and <er>Agent</er>.]</ety> <def>To diversify in external appearance; to mark with different colors; to dapple; to streak; <as>as, to <ex>variegate</ex> a floor with marble of different colors</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The shells are filled with a white spar, which <qex>variegates</qex> and adds to the beauty of the stone.</q> <rj><qau>Woodward.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va"ri*e*ga`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having marks or patches of different colors; <as>as, <ex>variegated</ex> leaves, or flowers</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ladies like <qex>variegated</qex> tulips show.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va`ri*e*ga"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of variegating or diversifying, or the state of being diversified, by different colors; diversity of colors.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Vary</er>.]</ety> <def>A wanderer; one who strays in search of variety.</def> <mark>[Poetic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Pious <qex>variers</qex> from the church.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Va*ri"e*tal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a variety; characterizing a variety; constituting a variety, in distinction from an individual or species.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Perplexed in determining what differences to consider as specific, and what as <qex>varietal</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Darwin.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*ri"e*tas</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <def>A variety; -- used in giving scientific names, and often abbreviated to <abbr>var.</abbr></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"e*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Varieties</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>varietas</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vari&eacute;t&eacute;</ets>. See <er>Various</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being various; intermixture or succession of different things; diversity; multifariousness.</def><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Variety</qex> is nothing else but a continued novelty.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>variety</qex> of colors depends upon the composition of light.</q> <rj><qau>Sir I. Newton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>For earth hath this <qex>variety</qex> from heaven.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>There is a <qex>variety</qex> in the tempers of good men.</q> <rj><qau>Atterbury.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which is various.</def> <specif>Specifically:</specif> --<br/>
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<p><sd>(a)</sd> <def>A number or collection of different things; a varied assortment; <as>as, a <ex>variety</ex> of cottons and silks</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He . . . wants more time to do that <qex>variety</qex> of good which his soul thirsts after.</q> <rj><qau>Law.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>Something varying or differing from others of the same general kind; one of a number of things that are akin; a sort; <as>as, <ex>varieties</ex> of wood, land, rocks, etc</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>An individual, or group of individuals, of a species differing from the rest in some one or more of the characteristics typical of the species, and capable either of perpetuating itself for a period, or of being perpetuated by artificial means; hence, a subdivision, or peculiar form, of a species.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Varieties</xex> usually differ from <xex>species</xex> in that any two, however unlike, will generally propagate indefinitely (unless they are in their nature unfertile, as some varieties of rose and other cultivated plants); in being a result of climate, food, or other extrinsic conditions or influences, but generally by a sudden, rather than a gradual, development; and in tending in many cases to lose their distinctive peculiarities when the individuals are left to a state of nature, and especially if restored to the conditions that are natural to typical individuals of the species. Many varieties of domesticated animals and of cultivated plants have been directly produced by man.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(d)</sd> <def>In inorganic nature, one of those forms in which a species may occur, which differ in minor characteristics of structure, color, purity of composition, etc.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; These may be viewed as variations from the typical species in its most perfect and purest form, or, as is more commonly the case, all the forms, including the latter, may rank as Varieties. Thus, the sapphire is a blue variety, and the ruby a red variety, of corundum; again, calcite has many Varieties differing in form and structure, as Iceland spar, dogtooth spar, satin spar, and also others characterized by the presence of small quantities of magnesia, iron, manganese, etc.  Still again, there are varieties of granite differing in structure, as graphic granite, porphyritic granite, and other varieties differing in composition, as albitic granite, hornblendic, or syenitic, granite, etc.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Theaters)</fld> <def>Such entertainment as in given in variety shows; the production of, or performance in, variety shows.</def> <mark>[Cant]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Geographical variety</b></col> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>, <cd>a variety of any species which is coincident with a geographical region, and is usually dependent upon, or caused by, peculiarities of climate.</cd> -- <col><b>Variety hybrid</b></col> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>, <cd>a cross between two individuals of different varieties of the same species; a mongrel.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Diversity; difference; kind.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Variety</er>, <er>Diversity</er>. A man has a <xex>variety</xex> of employments when he does many things which are not a mere repetition of the same act; he has a <xex>diversity</xex> of employments when the several acts performed are unlike each other, that is, <xex>diverse</xex>. In most cases, where there is <xex>variety</xex> there will be more or less of <xex>diversity</xex>, but not always. One who sells railroad tickets performs a great <xex>variety</xex> of acts in a day, while there is but little <xex>diversity</xex> in his employment.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>All sorts are here that all the earth yields!<br/>
<qex>Variety</qex> without end.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>But see in all corporeal nature's scene,<br/>
What changes, what <qex>diversities</qex>, have been!</q> <rj><qau>Blackmore.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Variety show</hw>. <def>A stage entertainment, live or televised, of successive separate performances, usually songs, dances, acrobatic feats, dramatic sketches, exhibitions of trained animals, or any specialties. When performed live in a theater, it was often called a <altname>vaudeville show</altname>, but when television became a dominant form of entertainment live vaudeville performances almost completely ceased.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Variety store</hw>. <def>a retail store selling a wide variety of items, especially of low price, as in a <stype>five and ten</stype>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varius</ets> various + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Having different shapes or forms.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*formed</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Formed with different shapes; having various forms; variform.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*fy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varius</ets> various + <ets>-fy</ets>.]</ety> <def>To make different; to vary; to variegate.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sylvester.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL., fr. L. <ets>varius</ets> various. See <er>Various</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The smallpox.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Variolous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*o*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Inoculation with smallpox.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ole</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>variole</ets> smallpox. See <er>Variola</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A foveola.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>A spherule of a variolite.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*ol"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Variolous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*lite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varius</ets> various + <ets>-lite</ets>: cf. F. <ets>variolite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>A kind of diorite or diabase containing imbedded whitish spherules, which give the rock a spotted appearance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*o*lit"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Variola</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Thickly marked with small, round specks; spotted.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, variolite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*loid</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Variola</ets> + <ets>-oid</ets>: cf. F. <ets>variolo&iuml;de</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Resembling smallpox; pertaining to the disease called varioloid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*loid</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>variolo&iuml;de</ets>. See <er>Varioloid</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The smallpox as modified by previous inoculation or vaccination.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; It is almost always a milder disease than smallpox, and this circumstance, with its shorter duration, exhibits the salutary effects of previous vaccination or inoculation.</note>  <rj><au>Dunglison.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>variolosus</ets>, fr. <ets>variola</ets> the smallpox: cf. F. <ets>varioleux</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the smallpox; having pits, or sunken impressions, like those of the smallpox; variolar; variolic.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*om"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varius</ets> various + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Elec.)</fld> <def>An instrument for comparing magnetic forces, esp. in the earth's magnetic field.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va`ri*o"rum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L., abbrev. fr. <ets>cum notis variorum</ets> with notes of various persons.]</ety> <def>Containing notes by different persons; -- applied to a publication; <as>as, a <ex>variorum</ex> edition of a book</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>varius</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vair</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Different; diverse; several; manifold; <as>as, men of <ex>various</ex> names; <ex>various</ex> occupations; <ex>various</ex> colors</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>So many and so <qex>various</qex> laws are given.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A wit as <qex>various</qex>, gay, grave, sage, or wild.</q> <rj><qau>Byron.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Changeable; uncertain; inconstant; variable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A man so <qex>various</qex>, that he seemed to be<br/>
Not one, but all mankind's epitome.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The names of mixed modes . . . are very <qex>various</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Variegated; diversified; not monotonous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A happy rural seat of <qex>various</qex> view.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In various or different ways.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"is*cite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[So called from <ets>Variscia</ets> in Germany.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>An apple-green mineral occurring in reniform masses. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*risse"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>varice</ets> varix. Cf. <er>Varix</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <def>An imperfection on the inside of the hind leg in horses, different from a curb, but at the same height, and often growing to an unsightly size.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"rix</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;"r&ibreve_;ks)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Varices</plw> <pr>(v&abreve;r"&ibreve_;*s&emacr;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A uneven, permanent dilatation of a vein.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Varices are owing to local retardation of the venous circulation, and in some cases to relaxation of the parietes of the veins. They are very common in the superficial veins of the lower limbs.</note>  <rj><au>Dunglison.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1596 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the prominent ridges or ribs extending across each of the whorls of certain univalve shells.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The varices usually indicate stages of growth, each one showing a former position of the outer lip of the aperture.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vark</hw> <pr>(v&auml;rk)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>varken</ets> a pig.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The bush hog, or boshvark.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"let</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>varlet</ets>, <ets>vaslet</ets>, <ets>vallet</ets>, servant, young man, young noble, dim. of <ets>vassal</ets>. See <er>Vassal</er>, and cf. <er>Valet</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A servant, especially to a knight; an attendant; a valet; a footman.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser. Tusser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, a low fellow; a scoundrel; a rascal; <as>as, an impudent <ex>varlet</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>What a brazen-faced <qex>varlet</qex> art thou !</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>In a pack of playing cards, the court card now called the <xex>knave</xex>, or <xex>jack</xex>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"let*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. OF. <ets>valeterie</ets> the young unmarried nobles.]</ety> <def>The rabble; the crowd; the mob.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Shall they hoist me up,<br/>
And show me to the shouting <qex>varletry</qex><br/>
Of censuring Rome.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"nish</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vernish</ets>, F. <ets>vernis</ets>, LL. <ets>vernicium</ets>; akin to F. <ets>vernir</ets> to varnish, fr. (assumed) LL. <ets>vitrinire</ets> to glaze, from LL. <ets>vitrinus</ets> glassy, fr. L. <ets>vitrum</ets> glass. See <er>Vitreous</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A viscid liquid, consisting of a solution of resinous matter in an oil or a volatile liquid, laid on work with a brush, or otherwise. When applied the varnish soon dries, either by evaporation or chemical action, and the resinous part forms thus a smooth, hard surface, with a beautiful gloss, capable of resisting, to a greater or less degree, the influences of air and moisture.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; According to the sorts of solvents employed, the ordinary kinds of varnish are divided into three classes: <xex>spirit</xex>, <xex>turpentine</xex>, and <xex>oil</xex> varnishes.</note>  <rj><au>Encyc. Brit</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which resembles varnish, either naturally or artificially; a glossy appearance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>varnish</qex> of the holly and ivy.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>An artificial covering to give a fair appearance to any act or conduct; outside show; gloss.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And set a double <qex>varnish</qex> on the fame<br/>
The Frenchman gave you.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Varnish tree</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a tree or shrub from the juice or resin of which varnish is made, as some species of the genus <gen>Rhus</gen>, especially <spn>Rhus vernicifera</spn> of Japan. The black varnish of Burmah is obtained from the <spn>Melanorrh&oelig;a usitatissima</spn>, a tall East Indian tree of the Cashew family. See <er>Copal</er>, and <er>Mastic</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"nish</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Varnished</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Varnishing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vernir</ets>, <ets>vernisser</ets>. See <er>Varnish</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To lay varnish on; to cover with a liquid which produces, when dry, a hard, glossy surface; <as>as, to <ex>varnish</ex> a table; to <ex>varnish</ex> a painting</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To cover or conceal with something that gives a fair appearance; to give a fair coloring to by words; to gloss over; to palliate; <as>as, to <ex>varnish</ex> guilt</as>.</def> &ldquo;Beauty doth <xex>varnish</xex> age.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Close ambition, <qex>varnished</qex> o'er with zeal.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Cato's voice was ne'er employed<br/>
To clear the guilty and to <qex>varnish</qex> crimes.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"nish*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who varnishes; one whose occupation is to varnish.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One who disguises or palliates; one who gives a fair external appearance.</def>  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"nish*ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of laying on varnish; also, materials for varnish.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"si*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Colloquial contraction of <er>University</er>.</def> <mark>[Brit.]</mark> <br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>the team with the best players of a school or club, being the main representative of the organization in competitive play between schools or organizations.  In schools, contrasted with <contr>junior varsity</contr>.  Also used attributively, <as>as, the <ex>varsity</ex> football team</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Var`so`vienne"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., prop. fem. of <ets>varsovien</ets> pertaining to Warsaw, fr. <ets>Varsovie</ets> Warsaw, Pol. <ets>Warszawa</ets>.]</ety> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A kind of Polish dance.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Music for such a dance or having its slow triple time characteristic strong accent beginning every second measure.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"ta*bed</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Armen., a doctor, master, preceptor.]</ety> <fld>(Eccl.)</fld> <def>A doctor or teacher in the Armenian church. Members of this order of ecclesiastics frequently have charge of dioceses, with episcopal functions.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va*ru"na</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;*r&usuml_;"n&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>Varu&nsdot_;a</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Hindu Myth.)</fld> <def>The god of the waters; the Indian Neptune. He is regarded as regent of the west, and lord of punishment, and is represented as riding on a sea monster, holding in his hand a snaky cord or noose with which to bind offenders, under water.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"rus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L., bent, grown inwards.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A deformity in which the foot is turned inward. See <er>Talipes</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"vel</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vervelle</ets>.]</ety> <def>In falconry, one of the rings secured to the ends of the jesses.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vervel</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Var"veled</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having varvels, or rings.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>varvelled</asp>, and <asp>vervelled</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In heraldry, when the jesses attached to the legs of hawks hang loose, or have pendent ends with rings at the tips, the blazon is a <xex>hawk</xex> (<xex>or a hawk's leg</xex>) <xex>jessed and varveled</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Varied</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Varying</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>varien</ets>, F. <ets>varier</ets>, L. <ets>variare</ets>, fr. <ets>varius</ets> various. See <er>Various</er>, and cf. <er>Variate</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To change the aspect of; to alter in form, appearance, substance, position, or the like; to make different by a partial change; to modify; <as>as, to <ex>vary</ex> the properties, proportions, or nature of a thing; to <ex>vary</ex> a posture or an attitude; to <ex>vary</ex> one's dress or opinions.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Shall we <qex>vary</qex> our device at will,<br/>
Even as new occasion appears?</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To change to something else; to transmute; to exchange; to alternate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Gods, that never change their state,<br/>
<qex>Vary</qex> oft their love and hate.</q> <rj><qau>Waller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We are to <qex>vary</qex> the customs according to the time and country where the scene of action lies.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To make of different kinds; to make different from one another; to diversify; to variegate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>God hath <qex>varied</qex> their inclinations.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>God hath here<br/>
<qex>Varied</qex> his bounty so with new delights.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>To embellish; to change fancifully; to present under new aspects, as of form, key, measure, etc. See <er>Variation</er>, 4.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To alter, or be altered, in any manner; to suffer a partial change; to become different; to be modified; <as>as, colors <ex>vary</ex> in different lights</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That each from other differs, first confess;<br/>
Next, that he <qex>varies</qex> from himself no less.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To differ, or be different; to be unlike or diverse; <as>as, the laws of France <ex>vary</ex> from those of England</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To alter or change in succession; to alternate; <as>as, one mathematical quantity <ex>varies</ex> inversely as another</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>While fear and anger, with alternate grace,<br/>
Pant in her breast, and <qex>vary</qex> in her face.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To deviate; to depart; to swerve; -- followed by <ptcl>from</ptcl>; <as>as, to <ex>vary</ex> from the law, or from reason</as>.</def>  <rj><au> Locke.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To disagree; to be at variance or in dissension; <as>as, men <ex>vary</ex> in opinion</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The rich jewel which we <qex>vary</qex> for.</q> <rj><qau>Webster (1623).</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Alteration; change.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ry*ing</hw>, <def><pos>a. &amp; n.</pos> from <er>Vary</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Varying hare</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>any hare or rabbit which becomes white in winter, especially the common hare of the Northern United States and Canada.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vas</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vasa</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., a vessel. See <er>Vase</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A vessel; a duct.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>&Verbar;Vas deferens</b></col>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vasa deferentia</plw>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> vessel + <ets>deferens</ets> carrying down.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <cd>The excretory duct of a testicle; a spermatic duct.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"cu*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vasculum</ets> a small vessel, dim. of <ets>vas</ets> vessel: cf. F. <ets>vasculaire</ets>. See <er>Vase</er>, and cf. <ets>Vessel</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Consisting of, or containing, vessels as an essential part of a structure; full of vessels; specifically <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, pertaining to, or containing, special ducts, or tubes, for the circulation of sap.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Operating by means of, or made up of an arrangement of, vessels; <as>as, the <ex>vascular</ex> system in animals, including the arteries, veins, capillaries, lacteals, etc.</as></def> <sd>(c)</sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the vessels of animal and vegetable bodies; <as>as, the <ex>vascular</ex> functions</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the higher division of plants, that is, the ph&aelig;nogamous plants, all of which are vascular, in distinction from the cryptogams, which to a large extent are cellular only.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vascular plants</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>plants composed in part of vascular tissue, as all flowering plants and the higher cryptogamous plants, or those of the class <class>Pteridophyta</class>.  Cf. <cref>Cellular plants</cref>, under <er>Cellular</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vascular system</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>the body of associated ducts and woody fiber; the fibrovascular part of plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Vascular tissue</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>vegetable tissue composed partly of ducts, or sap tubes.</cd> -- <col><b>Water vascular system</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a system of vessels in annelids, nemerteans, and many other invertebrates, containing a circulating fluid analogous to blood, but not of the same composition. In annelids the fluid which they contain is usually red, but in some it is green, in others yellow, or whitish.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`cu*lar"i*ty</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;s`k&uuptack_;*l&abreve;r"&ibreve_;*t&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vascularities</plw> <pr>(v&abreve;s`k&uuptack_;*l&abreve;r"&ibreve_;*t&ibreve_;z)</pr>.</plu> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>The quality or state of being vascular.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`cu*lar*i*za"tion</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;s`k&uuptack_;*l&etilde_;r*&ibreve_;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>The process of becoming vascular, or the condition of being vascular; as, the <ex>vascularization</ex> of cartilege.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"cu*lose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>One of the substances of which vegetable tissue is composed, differing from cellulose in respect to its solubility in certain media.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vas"cu*lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vascula</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., a small vessel.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Ascidium</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 1.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A tin box, commonly cylindrical or flattened, used in collecting plants.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vase</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;s <it>or</it> v&auml;z; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vase</ets>; cf. Sp. &amp; It. <ets>vaso</ets>; fr. L.  <ets>vas</ets>, <ets>vasum</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vascular</er>, <er>Vessel</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A vessel adapted for various domestic purposes, and anciently for sacrificial uses; especially, a vessel of antique or elegant pattern used for ornament; <as>as, a porcelain <ex>vase</ex>; a gold <ex>vase</ex>; a Grecian <ex>vase</ex>.</as>  See <xex>Illust.</xex> of <cref>Portland vase</cref>, under <er>Portland</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>No chargers then were wrought in burnished gold,<br/>
Nor silver <qex>vases</qex> took the forming mold.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A vessel similar to that described in the first definition above, or the representation of one in a solid block of stone, or the like, used for an ornament, as on a terrace or in a garden. See <xex>Illust.</xex> of <er>Niche</er>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The body, or naked ground, of the Corinthian and Composite capital; -- called also <altname>tambour</altname>, and <altname>drum</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Until the time of Walker (1791), <ex>vase</ex> was made to rhyme with <xex>base</xex>, <xex>case</xex>, etc., and it is still commonly so pronounced in the United States.  Walker made it to rhyme with <xex>phrase</xex>, <xex>maze</xex>, etc.  Of modern English practice, <person>Mr. A. J. Ellis</person> (1874) says: &ldquo;<xex>Vase</xex> has four pronunciations in English: <pr><it>v&asuml_;z</it></pr>, which I most commonly say, is going out of use, <pr><it>v&auml;z</it></pr> I hear most frequently, <pr><it>v&amacr;z</it></pr> very rarely, and <pr><it>v&amacr;s</it></pr> I only know from Cull's marking.  On the analogy of <xex>case</xex>, however, it should be the regular sound.&rdquo;<br/>
  The Merriam-Webster's 10th Colletgiate Dictionary says:  &ldquo;U. S. oftenest v&amacr;s; Canada usu. and U. S. also v&amacr;z; Canada also &amp; U. S. sometimes v&auml;z.&rdquo;<br/>
   One wit has noted that &ldquo;a v&auml;z is a v&amacr;z that costs more than $100.&rdquo;, suggesting that the former is considered a higher-class pronunciation.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The calyx of a plant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vase clock</hw>. <fld>(Art)</fld> <def>A clock whose decorative case has the general form of a vase, esp. one in which there is no ordinary dial, but in which a part of a vase revolves while a single stationary indicator serves as a hand.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas*ec"to*my</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;s*&ebreve_;k"t&ouptack_;*m&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>  <ety>[<ets>Vas</ets> + <ets>-ecmoty</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Surg.)</fld> <def>Resection or excision of the vas deferens.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"e*line</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Said by the manufacturer to be derived from G. <ets>wasser</ets> water + Gr. <grk>'e`laion</grk> olive oil.]</ety> <def>A yellowish translucent substance, almost odorless and tasteless, obtained as a residue in the purification of crude petroleum, and consisting essentially of a mixture of several of the higher members of the paraffin series. It is used as an unguent, and for various purposes in the arts. See the Note under <er>Petrolatum</er>.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vaselin</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vase"-shaped`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Formed like a vase, or like a common flowerpot.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"i*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Having the form of a vessel, or duct.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vasiform tissue</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>tissue containing vessels, or ducts.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*con*strict"or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>Causing constriction of the blood vessels; <as>as, the <ex>vasoconstrictor</ex> nerves, stimulation of which causes constriction of the blood vessels to which they go.</as>  These nerves are also called <altname>vasohypertonic</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*con*strict"or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Medicine, Physiology)</fld> <def>A substance which causes constriction of the blood vessels.  Such substances are used in medicine to raise abnormally low blood pressure.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*den"tine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + E. <ets>dentine</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A modified form of dentine, which is permeated by blood capillaries; vascular dentine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*di*lat"or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + <ets>dilator</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>Causing dilation or relaxation of the blood vessels; <as>as, the <ex>vasodilator</ex> nerves, stimulation of which causes dilation of the blood vessels to which they go</as>. These nerves are also called <altname>vaso-inhibitory</altname>, and <altname>vasohypotonic</altname> nerves, since their stimulation causes relaxation and rest.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*di*lat"or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + <ets>dilator</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Medicine &amp; Physiology)</fld> <def>A substance which causes dilation of blood vessels.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*form"a*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + <ets>formative</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>Concerned in the development and formation of blood vessels and blood corpuscles; <as>as, the <ex>vasoformative</ex> cells</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*hy`per*ton"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Hyper-</er>, and <er>Tonic</er>.]</ety>  <def>See <er>Vasoconstrictor</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*hy`po*ton"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Hypo-</er>, and <er>Tonic</er>.]</ety> <def>See <er>Vasodilator</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o-in*hib"i*to*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>See <er>Vasodilator</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*mo"tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vas</ets> a vessel + <ets>motor</ets> that which moves fr. <ets>movere</ets> to move.]</ety> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <def>Causing movement in the walls of vessels; <as>as, the <ex>vasomotor</ex> mechanisms; the <ex>vasomotor</ex> nerves, a system of nerves distributed over the muscular coats of the blood vessels.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vasomotor center</b></col>, <cd>the chief dominating or general center which supplies all the unstriped muscles of the arterial system with motor nerves, situated in a part of the medulla oblongata; a center of reflex action by the working of which afferent impulses are changed into efferent, -- vasomotor impulses leading either to dilation or constriction of the blood vessels.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. LL. <ets>vassallus</ets>, <ets>vassus</ets>; of Celtic origin; cf. W. &amp; Corn. <ets>gwas</ets> a youth, page, servant, Arm. <ets>gwaz</ets> a man, a male.  Cf. <er>Valet</er>, <er>Varlet</er>, <er>Vavasor</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Feud. Law)</fld> <def>The grantee of a fief, feud, or fee; one who holds land of a superior, and who vows fidelity and homage to him; a feudatory; a feudal tenant.</def>  <rj><au>Burrill.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A subject; a dependent; a servant; a bondman; a slave.</def>  &ldquo;The <xex>vassals</xex> of his anger.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Rear vassal</b></col>, <cd>the vassal of a vassal; an arriere vassal.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Resembling a vassal; slavish; servile.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The sun and every <qex>vassal</qex> star.</q> <rj><qau>Keble.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To treat as a vassal; to subject to control; to enslave.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Beau. &amp; Fl.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*age</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vassalage</ets>, F. <ets>vasselage</ets>, LL. <ets>vassallaticum</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The state of being a vassal, or feudatory.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Political servitude; dependence; subjection; slavery; <as>as, the Greeks were held in <ex>vassalage</ex> by the Turks</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A territory held in vassalage.</def> &ldquo;The Countship of Foix, with six territorial <xex>vassalages</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Vassals, collectively; vassalry.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Valorous service, such as that performed by a vassal; valor; prowess; courage.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*ess</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A female vassal.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The body of vassals.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vast</hw> <pr>(v&adot_;st)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <amorph>[<pos>Compar.</pos> <adjf>Vaster</adjf> <pr>(v&adot_;st"&etilde_;r)</pr>; <pos>superl.</pos> <adjf>Vastest</adjf>.]</amorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vastus</ets> empty, waste, enormous, immense: cf. F. <ets>vaste</ets>. See <er>Waste</er>, and cf. <er>Devastate</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Waste; desert; desolate; lonely.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The empty, <qex>vast</qex>, and wandering air.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Of great extent; very spacious or large; also, huge in bulk; immense; enormous; <as>as, the <ex>vast</ex> ocean; <ex>vast</ex> mountains; the <ex>vast</ex> empire of Russia</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Through the <qex>vast</qex> and boundless deep.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Very great in numbers, quantity, or amount; <as>as, a <ex>vast</ex> army; a <ex>vast</ex> sum of money</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Very great in force; mighty; <as>as, <ex>vast</ex> labor</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Very great in importance; <as>as, a subject of <ex>vast</ex> concern</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Enormous; huge; immense; mighty.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vast</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A waste region; boundless space; immensity.</def> &ldquo;The watery <xex>vast</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Michael bid sound<br/>
The archangel trumpet. Through the <qex>vast</qex> of heaven<br/>
It sounded.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vastatio</ets>, fr. <ets>vastare</ets> to lay waste, fr. <ets>vastus</ets> empty, waste.]</ety> <def>A laying waste; waste; depopulation; devastation.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"tel</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Wastel</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas*tid"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. OF. <ets>vastit&eacute;</ets>, L. <ets>vastitas</ets>.]</ety> <def>Vastness; immensity.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;All the world's <xex>vastidity</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"ti*tude</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vastitudo</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Vastness; immense extent.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Destruction; vastation.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Joye.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vast"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vastitas</ets>.]</ety> <def>Vastness.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The huge <qex>vastity</qex> of the world.</q> <rj><qau>Holland.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vast"ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>To a vast extent or degree; very greatly; immensely.</def>  <rj><au>Jer. Taylor.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vast"ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vast.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vas"ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Vast</er>.]</ety> <def>Vast; immense.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I can call spirits from the <qex>vasty</qex> deep.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Va"sum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., a vase. See <er>Vase</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus including several species of large marine gastropods having massive pyriform shells, with conspicuous folds on the columella.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat</hw> <pr>(v&abreve;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A dialectic form for <ets>fat</ets>, OE. <ets>fat</ets>, AS. <ets>f&aelig;t</ets>; akin to D. <ets>vat</ets>, OS. <ets>fat</ets>, G. <ets>fass</ets>, OHG. <ets>faz</ets>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <ets>fat</ets>, Dan. <ets>fad</ets>, Lith. <ets>p&uring;das</ets> a pot, and probably to G. <ets>fassen</ets> to seize, to contain, OHG. <ets>fazz&omacr;n</ets>, D. <ets>vatten</ets>.   Cf. <er>Fat</er> a vat.]</ety> <br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1597 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A large vessel, cistern, or tub, especially one used for holding liquors in an immature state, chemical preparations for dyeing, or for tanning, or for tanning leather, or the like.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let him produce his <qex>vats</qex> and tubs, in opposition to heaps of arms and standards.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A measure for liquids, and also a dry measure; especially, a liquid measure in Belgium and Holland, corresponding to the hectoliter of the metric system, which contains 22.01 imperial gallons, or 26.4 standard gallons in the United States.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The old Dutch grain vat averaged 0.762 Winchester bushel. The old London coal vat contained 9 bushels. The solid-measurement vat of Amsterdam contains 40 cubic feet; the wine vat, 241.57 imperial gallons, and the vat for olive oil, 225.45 imperial gallons.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Metal.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A wooden tub for washing ores and mineral substances in.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A square, hollow place on the back of a calcining furnace, where tin ore is laid to dry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(R. C. Ch.)</fld> <def>A vessel for holding holy water.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vatted</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vatting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To put or transfer into a vat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"ful</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vatfuls</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>As much as a vat will hold; enough to fill a vat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"ic*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vates</ets> a prophet.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a prophet; prophetical.</def>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Vaticanus</ets>, <ets>mons</ets>, or <ets>collis</ets>, <ets>Vaticanus</ets>, the Vatican hill, in Rome, on the western bank of the Tiber: cf. F. <ets>Vatican</ets>, It. <ets>Vaticano</ets>.]</ety> <def>A magnificent assemblage of buildings at Rome, near the church of St. Peter, including the pope's palace, a museum, a library, a famous chapel, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The word is often used to indicate the papal authority.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Thunders of the Vatican</b></col>, <cd>the anathemas, or denunciations, of the pope.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can Coun"cil</hw>. <fld>(R. C. Ch.)</fld> <def>The council held under Pope Pius IX. in Vatican at Rome, in 1870, which promulgated the dogma of papal infallibility.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The doctrine of papal supremacy; extreme views in support of the authority of the pope; ultramontanism; -- a term used only by persons who are not Roman Catholics.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can*ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who strongly adheres to the papal authority; an ultramontanist.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*cide</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vates</ets> a prophet + <ets>caedere</ets> to kill.]</ety> <def>The murder, or the murderer, of a prophet.</def> &ldquo;The caitiff <xex>vaticide</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vaticinate</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to prophecy; prophetic.</def>  <rj><au>T. Warton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i. &amp; t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaticinatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vaticinari</ets> to prophesy, fr. <ets>vaticinus</ets> prophetical, fr. <ets>vates</ets> a prophet.]</ety> <def>To prophesy; to foretell; to practice prediction; to utter prophecies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*tic`i*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaticinatio</ets>.]</ety> <def>Prediction; prophecy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>It is not a false utterance; it is a true, though an impetuous, <qex>vaticination</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>I. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*na`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <def>One who vaticinates; a prophet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*cine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vaticinium</ets>.]</ety> <def>A prediction; a vaticination.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holinshed.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vaude"ville</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. <ets>Vau-de-vire</ets>, a village in Normandy, where Olivier Basselin, at the end of the 14th century, composed such songs.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vaudevil</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A kind of song of a lively character, frequently embodying a satire on some person or event, sung to a familiar air in couplets with a refrain; a street song; a topical song.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A theatrical piece, usually a comedy, the dialogue of which is intermingled with light or satirical songs, set to familiar airs.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The early <qex>vaudeville</qex>, which is the forerunner of the opera bouffe, was light, graceful, and piquant.</q> <rj><qau>Johnson's Cyc.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>a <er>variety show</er> when performed live in a theater (see above); <as>as, to play in <ex>vaudeville</ex>; a <ex>vaudeville</ex> actor</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vau*dois"</hw> <pr>(v&omacr;*dw&auml;")</pr>, <pos>n. sing. &amp; pl.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An inhabitant, or the inhabitants, of the Swiss canton of Vaud.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A modern name of the Waldenses.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vau*doux"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. &amp; a.</pos> <def>See <er>Voodoo</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw> <pr>(v&asuml_;lt; <it>see Note, below</it>)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>voute</ets>, OF. <ets>voute</ets>, <ets>volte</ets>, F. <ets>vo&ucirc;te</ets>, LL. <ets>volta</ets>, for <ets>voluta</ets>, <ets>volutio</ets>, fr. L. <ets>volvere</ets>, <ets>volutum</ets>, to roll, to turn about. See <er>Voluble</er>, and cf. <er>Vault</er> a leap, <er>Volt</er> a turn, <er>Volute</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>An arched structure of masonry, forming a ceiling or canopy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The long-drawn aisle and fretted <qex>vault</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Gray.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An arched apartment; especially, a subterranean room, used for storing articles, for a prison, for interment, or the like; a cell; a cellar.</def> &ldquo;Charnel <xex>vaults</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The silent <qex>vaults</qex> of death.</q> <rj><qau>Sandys.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To banish rats that haunt our <qex>vault</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The canopy of heaven; the sky.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>That heaven's <qex>vault</qex> should crack.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <ety>[F. <ets>volte</ets>, It. <ets>volta</ets>, originally, a turn, and the same word as <ets>volta</ets> an arch. See the Etymology above.]</ety> <def>A leap or bound.</def> Specifically: -- <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Man.)</fld> <def>The bound or leap of a horse; a curvet.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A leap by aid of the hands, or of a pole, springboard, or the like.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The <xex>l</xex> in this word was formerly often suppressed in pronunciation.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Barrel vault</b></col>, <col><b>Cradle vault</b></col>, <col><b>Cylindrical vault</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Wagon vault</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a kind of vault having two parallel abutments, and the same section or profile at all points.  It may be <xex>rampant</xex>, as over a staircase (see <cref>Rampant vault</cref>, under <er>Rampant</er>), or curved in plan, as around the apse of a church.</cd> -- <col><b>Coved vault</b></col>. <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <cd>See under 1st <er>Cove</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos></cd> -- <col><b>Groined vault</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a vault having groins, that is, one in which different cylindrical surfaces intersect one another, as distinguished from a <xex>barrel</xex>, or <xex>wagon</xex>, <xex>vault</xex>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rampant vault</b></col>. <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Rampant</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribbed vault</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a vault differing from others in having solid ribs which bear the weight of the vaulted surface. True Gothic vaults are of this character.</cd> -- <col><b>Vault light</b></col>, <cd>a partly glazed plate inserted in a pavement or ceiling to admit light to a vault below.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw> <pr>(v&asuml_;lt)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vaulted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vaulting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>vouten</ets>, OF. <ets>volter</ets>, <ets>vouter</ets>, F. <ets>vo&ucirc;ter</ets>. See <er>Vault</er> an arch.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To form with a vault, or to cover with a vault; to give the shape of an arch to; to arch; <as>as, to <ex>vault</ex> a roof; to <ex>vault</ex> a passage to a court</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The shady arch that <qex>vaulted</qex> the broad green alley.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[See <er>Vault</er>, <pos>v. i.</pos>]</ety> <def>To leap over; esp., to leap over by aid of the hands or a pole; <as>as, to <ex>vault</ex> a fence</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I will <qex>vault</qex> credit, and affect high pleasures.</q> <rj><qau>Webster (1623).</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Cf. OF. <ets>volter</ets>, F. <ets>voltiger</ets>, It. <ets>voltare</ets> to turn. See <er>Vault</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 4.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To leap; to bound; to jump; to spring.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Vaulting</qex> ambition, which o'erleaps itself.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Leaning on his lance, he <qex>vaulted</qex> on a tree.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Lucan <qex>vaulted</qex> upon Pegasus with all the heat and intrepidity of youth.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To exhibit feats of tumbling or leaping; to tumble.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault"age</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vaulted work; also, a vaulted place; an arched cellar.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault"ed</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Arched; concave; <as>as, a <ex>vaulted</ex> roof</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Covered with an arch, or vault.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Arched like the roof of the mouth, as the upper lip of many ringent flowers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who vaults; a leaper; a tumbler.</def>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of constructing vaults; a vaulted construction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Act of one who vaults or leaps.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vault"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Arched; concave.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;The <xex>vaulty</xex> heaven.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunce</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Advance</er>.]</ety> <def>To advance.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw> <pr>(v&auml;nt <it>or</it> v&asuml_;nt; 277)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vaunted</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vaunting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>vanter</ets>, LL. <ets>vanitare</ets>, fr. L.  <ets>vanus</ets> vain. See <er>Vain</er>.]</ety> <def>To boast; to make a vain display of one's own worth, attainments, decorations, or the like; to talk ostentatiously; to brag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Pride, which prompts a man to <qex>vaunt</qex> and overvalue what he is, does incline him to disvalue what he has.</q> <rj><qau>Gov. of Tongue.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To boast of; to make a vain display of; to display with ostentation.  In the latter sense, the term usually used is <contr>flaunt</contr>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Charity <qex>vaunteth</qex> not itself, is not puffed up.</q> <rj><qau>1 Cor. xiii. 4.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>My vanquisher, spoiled of his <qex>vaunted</qex> spoil.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vain display of what one is, or has, or has done; ostentation from vanity; a boast; a brag.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The spirits beneath, whom I seduced<br/>
With other promises and other <qex>vaunts</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant</ets> before, fore. See <er>Avant</er>, <er>Vanguard</er>.]</ety> <def>The first part.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Avant</er>, <er>Advance</er>.]</ety> <def>To put forward; to display.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Vaunted</xex> spear.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And what so else his person most may <qex>vaunt</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"-cou`ri*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Van-courier</er>.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who vaunts; a boaster.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"ful</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Given to vaunting or boasting; vainly ostentatious; boastful; vainglorious.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vaunting manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"mure`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>avant-mur</ets>. See <er>Vanguard</er>, and <er>Mure</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Fort.)</fld> <def>A false wall; a work raised in front of the main wall.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vaimure</asp>, and <asp>vamure</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Camden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vauque"lin*ite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[So called after the French chemist <etsep>Vauquelin</etsep>, who died in 1829: cf. F. <ets>vauquelinite</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Chromate of copper and lead, of various shades of green.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaut</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To vault; to leap.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaut</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vault; a leap.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vaut"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vaulted.</def> &ldquo;The haughty <xex>vauty</xex> welkin.&rdquo; <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Taylor (1611).</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vav"a*sor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vavasour</ets>, OF. <ets>vavassor</ets>, <ets>vavassour</ets>, F. <ets>vavasseur</ets>, LL. <ets>vavassor</ets>, probably contr. from <ets>vassus vassorum</ets> vassal of the vassals. See <er>Vassal</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Feud. Law)</fld> <def>The vassal or tenant of a baron; one who held under a baron, and who also had tenants under him; one in dignity next to a baron; a title of dignity next to a baron.</def> <au>Burrill.</au> &ldquo;A worthy <xex>vavasour</xex>.&rdquo; <au>Chaucer.</au> <altsp>[Also written <asp>vavasour</asp>, <asp>vavassor</asp>, <asp>valvasor</asp>, etc.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Vavasours</qex> subdivide again to vassals, exchanging land and cattle, human or otherwise, against fealty.</q> <rj><qau>Motley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vav"a*so*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vavassorie</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Feud. Law)</fld> <def>The quality or tenure of the fee held by a vavasor; also, the lands held by a vavasor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ward`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[For <ets>vanward</ets>, equivalent to <ets>vanguard</ets>. See <er>Vanguard</er>, <er>Ward</er> guard.]</ety> <def>The fore part; van.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Since we have the <qex>vaward</qex> of the day.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Va"za par`rot</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of several species of parrots of the genus <gen>Coracopsis</gen>, native of Madagascar; -- called also <altname>vasa parrot</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>VCR</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"s&emacr;*&auml;r`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>a <er>videocasette recorder</er>.</def> <mark>[acronym]</mark><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"a*dar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The thirteenth, or intercalary, month of the Jewish ecclesiastical calendar, which is added about every third year.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veal</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos><ety>[OE. <ets>veel</ets>, OF. <ets>veel</ets>, F. <ets>veau</ets>, L. <ets>vitellus</ets>, dim. of <ets>vitulus</ets> a calf; akin to E. <ets>wether</ets>. See <er>Wether</er>, and cf. <er>Vellum</er>, <er>Vituline</er>.]</ety> <def>The flesh of a calf when killed and used for food.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vec"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vectio</ets>, from <ets>vehere</ets>, <ets>vectum</ets>, to carry.]</ety> <def>Vectitation.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vec`ti*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vectitatus</ets> borne about, fr. <ets>vectare</ets>, v. intens. fr. <ets>vehere</ets>, <ets>vectum</ets>, to carry.]</ety> <def>The act of carrying, or state of being carried.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vec"tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., a bearer, carrier. fr. <ets>vehere</ets>, <ets>vectum</ets>, to carry.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Same as <er>Radius vector</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>A directed quantity, as a straight line, a force, or a velocity.  Vectors are said to be equal when their directions are the same and their magnitudes equal.  Cf. <er>Scalar</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In a triangle, either side is the <xex>vector sum</xex> of the other two sides taken in proper order; the process finding the vector sum of two or more vectors is <xex>vector addition</xex> (see under <er>Addition</er>).</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vec"ture</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vectura</ets>, from <ets>vehere</ets>, <ets>vectum</ets>, to carry.  Cf. <er>Vettura</er>, <er>Voiture</er>.]</ety> <def>The act of carrying; conveyance; carriage.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"da</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;"d&adot_;<it>or</it> v&emacr;"d&adot_;; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>v&emacr;da</ets>, properly, knowledge, from <ets>vid</ets> to know. See <er>Wit</er>.]</ety> <def>The ancient sacred literature of the Hindus; also, one of the four collections, called <stype>Rig-Veda</stype>, <stype>Yajur-Veda</stype>, <stype>Sama-Veda</stype>, and <stype>Atharva-Veda</stype>, constituting the most ancient portions of that literature.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The language of the Vedas is usually called <col>Vedic Sanskrit</col>, as distinguished from the later and more settled form called <col>classical Sanskrit</col>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>V&emacr;danta</ets>.]</ety> <def>A system of philosophy among the Hindus, founded on scattered texts of the Vedas, and thence termed the &ldquo;Anta,&rdquo; or end or substance.</def>  <rj><au>Balfour (Cyc. of India.)</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"tic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vedas.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"tist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One versed in the doctrines of the Vedantas.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ved"dahs</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;d"d&adot_;z)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> (Ethnol.) <def>A primitive people of Ceylon.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Weddars</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Encyc Brit.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*dette"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vedette</ets>, It. <ets>vedetta</ets>, for <ets>veletta</ets> (influenced by <ets>vedere</ets> to see, L. <ets>videre</ets>), from It. <ets>veglia</ets> watch, L. <ets>vigilia</ets>. See <er>Vigil</er>.]</ety> <def>A sentinel, usually on horseback, stationed on the outpost of an army, to watch an enemy and give notice of danger; a vidette.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"dic</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;"d&ibreve_;k <it>or</it> v&emacr;"-)</pr>, <pos>a. </pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vedas or one of the Vedas.</def>  <rj><au>Max M&uuml;ller)</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"dro</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Russ., pail.]</ety> <def>A Russian liquid measure, equal to 3.249 gallons of U. S. standard measure, or 2.706 imperial gallons.</def>  <rj><au>McElrath.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veer</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Veered</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Veering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>virer</ets> (cf. Sp. <ets>virar</ets>, <ets>birar</ets>), LL. <ets>virare</ets>; perhaps fr. L. <ets>vibrare</ets> to brandish, vibrate (cf. <er>Vibrate</er>); or cf. L. <ets>viriae</ets> armlets, bracelets, <ets>viriola</ets> a little bracelet (cf. <er>Ferrule</er>).  Cf. <er>Environ</er>.]</ety> <def>To change direction; to turn; to shift; <as>as, wind <ex>veers</ex> to the west or north</as>.</def> &ldquo;His <xex>veering</xex> gait.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Wordsworth.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And as he leads, the following navy <qex>veers</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>an ordinary community which is hostile or friendly as passion or as interest may <qex>veer</qex> about.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To veer and haul</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>to vary the course or direction; -- said of the wind, which <xex>veers</xex> aft and <xex>hauls</xex> forward. The wind is also said to <xex>veer</xex> when it shifts with the sun.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veer</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To direct to a different course; to turn; to wear; <as>as, to <ex>veer</ex>, or wear, a vessel</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To veer and haul</b></col> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>to pull tight and slacken alternately.</cd> <au>Totten.</au> -- <mcol><col><b>To veer away</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>To veer out</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Naut.)</fld>, <cd>to let out; to slacken and let run; to pay out; <as>as, <ex>to veer away</ex> the cable; <ex>to veer out</ex> a rope</as>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veer"a*ble</hw> <pr>(-&adot_;*b'l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Changeable; shifting; as, winds <ex>veerable</ex> to southwest.</def>  <rj><au>Dampier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veer"ing</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Shifting.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Veer"ing*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veer"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An American thrush (<spn>Turdus fuscescens</spn>) common in the Northern United States and Canada. It is light tawny brown above. The breast is pale buff, thickly spotted with brown. Called also <altname>Wilson's thrush</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Sometimes I hear the <qex>veery's</qex> clarion.</q> <rj><qau>Thoreau.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"ga</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"g&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <ety>[Ar. <ets>w&amacr;gi'</ets>, properly, falling: cf. F. <ets>W&eacute;ga</ets>.]</ety> <def>A brilliant star of the first magnitude, the brightest of those constituting the constellation Lyra.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve"ga</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp.]</ety> <def>An open tract of ground; a plain, esp. one which is moist and fertile, as those used for tobacco fields.</def> <mark>[Sp. Amer. &amp; Phil. Islands]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ve"gan</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"g&ubreve;n <it>or</it> v&emacr;j"&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vegetarian who does not eat any animal products, not even fish, eggs, or milk.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vegetable.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>v&eacute;g&eacute;table</ets> growing, capable of growing, formerly also, as a noun, a vegetable, from L. <ets>vegetabilis</ets> enlivening, from <ets>vegetare</ets> to enliven, invigorate, quicken, <ets>vegetus</ets> enlivened, vigorous, active, <ets>vegere</ets> to quicken, arouse, to be lively, akin to <ets>vigere</ets> to be lively, to thrive, <ets>vigil</ets> watchful, awake, and probably to E. <ets>wake</ets>, v. See <er>Vigil</er>, <er>Wake</er>, <pos>v.</pos>]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to plants; having the nature of, or produced by, plants; <as>as, a <ex>vegetable</ex> nature; <ex>vegetable</ex> growths, juices, etc.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Blooming ambrosial fruit<br/>
Of <qex>vegetable</qex> gold.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Consisting of, or comprising, plants; <as>as, the <ex>vegetable</ex> kingdom</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vegetable alkali</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>an alkaloid.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable brimstone</b></col>. <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <cd>See <cref>Vegetable sulphur</cref>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable butter</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a name of several kinds of concrete vegetable oil; as that produced by the Indian butter tree, the African shea tree, and the <spn>Pentadesma butyracea</spn>, a tree of the order <ord>Guttifer&aelig;</ord>, also African. Still another kind is pressed from the seeds of cocoa (<gen>Theobroma</gen>).</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable flannel</b></col>, <cd>a textile material, manufactured in Germany from pine-needle wool, a down or fiber obtained from the leaves of the <spn>Pinus sylvestris</spn>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable ivory</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>Ivory nut</cref>, under <er>Ivory</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable jelly</b></col>. <cd>See <er>Pectin</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable kingdom</b></col>. <fld>(Nat. Hist.)</fld> <cd>See the last Phrase, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable leather</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <cd>A shrubby West Indian spurge (<spn>Euphorbia punicea</spn>), with leathery foliage and crimson bracts.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>See <cref>Vegetable leather</cref>, under <er>Leather</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable marrow</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>an egg-shaped gourd, commonly eight to ten inches long.  It is noted for the very tender quality of its flesh, and is a favorite culinary vegetable in England.  It has been said to be of Persian origin, but is now thought to have been derived from a form of the American pumpkin.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable oyster</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>the oyster plant. See under <er>Oyster</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable parchment</b></col>, <cd>papyrine.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sheep</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a white woolly plant (<spn>Raoulia eximia</spn>) of New Zealand, which grows in the form of large fleecy cushions on the mountains.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable silk</b></col>, <cd>a cottonlike, fibrous material obtained from the coating of the seeds of a Brazilian tree (<spn>Chorisia speciosa</spn>).  It is used for various purposes, as for stuffing cushions, and the like, but is incapable of being spun on account of a want of cohesion among the fibers.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sponge</b></col>. <cd>See 1st <er>Loof</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sulphur</b></col>, <cd>the fine and highly inflammable spores of the club moss (<spn>Lycopodium clavatum</spn>); witch meal.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable tallow</b></col>, <cd>a substance resembling tallow, obtained from various plants; as, <cref>Chinese vegetable tallow</cref>, obtained from the seeds of the tallow tree. <cref>Indian vegetable tallow</cref> is a name sometimes given to piney tallow.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable wax</b></col>, <cd>a waxy excretion on the leaves or fruits of certain plants, as the bayberry.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1598 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vegetable kingdom</b></col> <fld>(Nat. Hist.)</fld>, <cd>that primary division of living things which includes all plants. The classes of the vegetable kingdom have been grouped differently by various botanists. The following is one of the best of the many arrangements of the principal subdivisions.</cd><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
<!--- Note: this section was divided into two columns, the right-hand column being delimited and separated from the left-hand column by a long brace on its left side.  The portion in the right-hand column of each of these two divisions is instead included here within braces {}. The definitions of the divisions were in the left-hand column, centered on the right-hand segments. -->
I. <subclass><er>Ph&aelig;nogamia</er></subclass> (called also <er>Phanerogamia</er>). <def>Plants having distinct flowers and true seeds.</def> { 1. <er>Dicotyledons</er> (called also <er>Exogens</er>). -- Seeds with two or more cotyledons.  Stems with the pith, woody fiber, and bark concentrically arranged.  Divided into two subclasses: <er>Angiosperms</er>, having the woody fiber interspersed with dotted or annular ducts, and the seeds contained in a true ovary; <er>Gymnosperms</er>, having few or no ducts in the woody fiber, and the seeds naked.  2. <er>Monocotyledons</er> (called also <er>Endogens</er>). -- Seeds with single cotyledon. Stems with slender bundles of woody fiber not concentrically arranged, and with no true bark.}<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
II. <subclass><er>Cryptogamia</er></subclass>. <def>Plants without true flowers, and reproduced by minute spores of various kinds, or by simple cell division.</def> { 1. <er>Acrogens</er>. -- Plants usually with distinct stems and leaves, existing in two alternate conditions, one of which is nonsexual and sporophoric, the other sexual and o&ouml;phoric. Divided into <er>Vascular Acrogens</er>, or <er>Pteridophyta</er>, having the sporophoric plant conspicuous and consisting partly of vascular tissue, as in Ferns, Lycopods, and Equiseta, and <er>Cellular Acrogens</er>, or <er>Bryophyta</er>, having the sexual plant most conspicuous, but destitute of vascular tissue, as in Mosses and Scale Mosses. 2. <er>Thallogens</er>. -- Plants without distinct stem and leaves, consisting of a simple or branched mass of cellular tissue, or reduced to a single cell.  Reproduction effected variously. Divided into <er>Alg&aelig;</er>, which contain chlorophyll or its equivalent, and which live upon air and water, and <er>Fungi</er>, which contain no chlorophyll, and live on organic matter. (Lichens are now believed to be fungi parasitic on included alg&aelig;.}
</cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Many botanists divide the Ph&aelig;nogamia primarily into Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, and the latter into Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons. Others consider Pteridophyta and Bryophyta to be separate classes. Thallogens are variously divided by different writers, and the places for diatoms, slime molds, and stoneworts are altogether uncertain.<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]<pbr/>
   For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary.</note><br/>
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<p><hw>Veg"e*ta*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>A plant. See <er>Plant</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A plant used or cultivated for food for man or domestic animals, as the cabbage, turnip, potato, bean, dandelion, etc.; also, the edible part of such a plant, as prepared for market or the table.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A person who has permanently lost consciousness, due to damage to the brain, but remains alive; sometimes continued life requires support by machinery such as breathing tubes.  Such a person is said to be in a vegetative state.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Vegetables</xex> and <xex>fruits</xex> are sometimes loosely distinguished by the usual need of cooking the former for the use of man, while the latter may be eaten raw; but the distinction often fails, as in the case of quinces, barberries, and other fruits, and lettuce, celery, and other vegetables.  Tomatoes if cooked are vegetables, if eaten raw are fruits.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>v&eacute;g&eacute;tal</ets>. See <er>Vegetable</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to vegetables, or the vegetable kingdom; of the nature of a vegetable; vegetable.</def><br/>
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<p><q>All creatures <qex>vegetal</qex>, sensible, and rational.</q> <rj><qau>Burton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, that class of vital phenomena, such as digestion, absorption, assimilation, secretion, excretion, circulation, generation, etc., which are common to plants and animals, in distinction from <xex>sensation</xex> and <xex>volition</xex>, which are peculiar to animals.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tal</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A vegetable.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*tal"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being vegetal, or vegetable.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>The quality or state of being vegetal, or exhibiting those physiological phenomena which are common to plants and animals. See <er>Vegetal</er>, <pos>a.</pos>, 2.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who holds that vegetables and fruits are the only proper food for man.  Strict vegetarians eat no meat, eggs, or milk, and are sometimes referred tro as <stype>vegans</stype>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to vegetarianism; <as>as, a <ex>vegetarian</ex> diet</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The theory or practice of living upon vegetables and fruits.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vegetated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vegetating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vegetatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vegetare</ets> to enliven. See <er>Vegetable</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To grow, as plants, by nutriment imbibed by means of roots and leaves; to start into growth; to sprout; to germinate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>See dying vegetables life sustain,<br/>
See life dissolving <qex>vegetate</qex> again.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: To lead a life too low for an animate creature; to do nothing but eat and grow.</def>  <rj><au>Cowper.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Persons who . . . would have <qex>vegetated</qex> stupidly in the places where fortune had fixed them.</q> <rj><qau>Jeffrey.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>To grow exuberantly; to produce fleshy or warty outgrowths; <as>as, a <ex>vegetating</ex> papule</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;g&eacute;tation</ets>, L. <ets>vegetatio</ets> an enlivening. See <er>Vegetable</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The act or process of vegetating, or growing as a plant does; vegetable growth.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The sum of vegetable life; vegetables or plants in general; <as>as, luxuriant <ex>vegetation</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>An exuberant morbid outgrowth upon any part, especially upon the valves of the heart.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vegetation of salts</b></col> <fld>(Old Chem.)</fld>, <cd>a crystalline growth of an arborescent form.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*ta*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;g&eacute;tatif</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Growing, or having the power of growing, as plants; capable of vegetating.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Having the power to produce growth in plants; <as>as, the <ex>vegetative</ex> properties of soil</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Having relation to growth or nutrition; partaking of simple growth and enlargement of the systems of nutrition, apart from the sensorial or distinctively animal functions; vegetal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Veg"e*ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Veg"e*ta*tive*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*gete"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vegetus</ets>. See <er>Vegetable</er>.]</ety> <def>Lively; active; sprightly; vigorous.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Even her body was made airy and <qex>vegete</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vegetal state or characteristic.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vegetate</er>, and <er>Vegetative</er>.]</ety> <def>Having the nature of a plant; vegetable; <as>as, <ex>vegetive</ex> life</as>.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Tusser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tive</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vegetable.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The blest infusions<br/>
That dwell in <qex>vegetives</qex>, in metals, stones.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*to-an"i*mal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Partaking of the nature both of vegetable and animal matter; -- a term sometimes applied to vegetable albumen and gluten, from their resemblance to similar animal products.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vegetus</ets>. See <er>Vegete</er>.]</ety> <def>Vigorous; lively; active; vegete.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"he*mence</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vehementia</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;h&eacute;mence</ets>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being vehement; impetuous force; impetuosity; violence; fury; <as>as, the <ex>vehemence</ex> of the wind; to speak with <ex>vehemence</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Violent ardor; great heat; animated fervor; <as>as, the <ex>vehemence</ex> of love, anger, or other passions</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I . . . tremble at his <qex>vehemence</qex> of temper.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ve"he*men*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vehemence.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>vehemency</qex> of your affection.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ve"he*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vehemens</ets>, the first part of which is perhaps akin to <ets>vehere</ets> to carry, and the second <ets>mens</ets> mind: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;h&eacute;ment</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vehicle</er>, and <er>Mental</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Acting with great force; furious; violent; impetuous; forcible; mighty; <as>as, a <ex>vehement</ex> wind; a <ex>vehement</ex> torrent; a <ex>vehement</ex> fire or heat</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Very ardent; very eager or urgent; very fervent; passionate; <as>as, a <ex>vehement</ex> affection or passion</as>.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Vehement</xex> instigation.&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;<xex>Vehement</xex> desire.&rdquo; <au>Milton.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Furious; violent; raging; impetuous; passionate; ardent; eager; hot; fervid; burning.</syn><br/>
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<p><hw>Ve"he*ment*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vehement manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"hi*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vehiculum</ets>, fr. <ets>vehere</ets> to carry; akin to E. <ets>way</ets>, <ets>wain</ets>. See <er>Way</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and cf. <er>Convex</er>, <er>Inveigh</er>, <er>Veil</er>, <er>Vex</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>That in or on which any person or thing is, or may be, carried, as a coach, carriage, wagon, cart, car, sleigh, bicycle, etc.; a means of conveyance; specifically, a means of conveyance upon land.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which is used as the instrument of conveyance or communication; <as>as, matter is the <ex>vehicle</ex> of energy</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A simple style forms the best <qex>vehicle</qex> of thought to a popular assembly.</q> <rj><qau>Wirt.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Pharm.)</fld> <def>A substance in which medicine is taken.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Paint.)</fld> <def>Any liquid with which a pigment is applied, including whatever gum, wax, or glutinous or adhesive substance is combined with it.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; Water is used in fresco and in water-color painting, the colors being consolidated with gum arabic; size is used in distemper painting. In oil painting, the fixed oils of linseed, nut, and poppy, are used; in encaustic, wax is the vehicle.</note>  <rj><au>Fairholt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A liquid used to spread sensitive salts upon glass and paper for use in photography.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"hi*cled</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Conveyed in a vehicle; furnished with a vehicle.</def>  <rj><au>M. Green.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vehicularis</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;hiculaire</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a vehicle; serving as a vehicle; <as>as, a <ex>vehicular</ex> contrivance</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*la*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vehicular.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*late</hw>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <def>To convey by means of a vehicle; to ride in a vehicle.</def>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Movement of vehicles.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*la*to*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vehicular.</def>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Vehm</hw>, &Verbar;<hw>Vehme</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>Vehme</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[See <er>Vehmgericht</er>.]</ety> <def>A vehmic court.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vehm"ge*richt</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>Vehmgerichte</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[G. <ets>vefm</ets>, <ets>fehm</ets> criminal tribunal + <ets>gerichte</ets> court, judgment. Cf. <er>Vehmic</er>.]</ety> <def>A vehmic court.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veh"mic</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"m&ibreve_;k <it>or</it>  v&amacr;"m&ibreve_;k; 277)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[G. <ets>vehm</ets>, <ets>fehm</ets>, <ets>fehme</ets>, a secret tribunal of punishment, MHG. <ets>veime</ets>, <ets>veme</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vehmique</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, certain secret tribunals which flourished in Germany from the end of the 12th century to the middle of the 16th, usurping many of the functions of the governments which were too weak to maintain law and order, and inspiring dread in all who came within their jurisdiction.</def>  <rj><au>Encyc. Brit.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veil</hw> <pr>(v&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>veile</ets>, OF. <ets>veile</ets>, F. <ets>voile</ets>, L. <ets>velum</ets> a sail, covering, curtain, veil, probably fr. <ets>vehere</ets> to bear, carry, and thus originally, that which bears the ship on. See <er>Vehicle</er>, and cf. <er>Reveal</er>.]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vail</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Something hung up, or spread out, to intercept the view, and hide an object; a cover; a curtain; esp., a screen, usually of gauze, crape, or similar diaphnous material, to hide or protect the face.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>veil</qex> of the temple was rent in twain.</q> <rj><qau>Matt. xxvii. 51.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>She, as a <qex>veil</qex> down to the slender waist,<br/>
Her unadorn&eacute;d golden tresses wore.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A cover; a disguise; a mask; a pretense.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[I will] pluck the borrowed <qex>veil</qex> of modesty from the so seeming Mistress Page.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The calyptra of mosses.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A membrane connecting the margin of the pileus of a mushroom with the stalk; -- called also <altname>velum</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Eccl.)</fld> <def>A covering for a person or thing; <as>as, a nun's <ex>veil</ex>; a paten <ex>veil</ex>; an altar <ex>veil</ex>.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Velum</er>, 3.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To take the veil</b></col> <fld>(Eccl.)</fld>, <cd>to receive or be covered with, a veil, as a nun, in token of retirement from the world; to become a nun.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veil</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Veiled</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Veiling</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. OF. <ets>veler</ets>, F. <ets>voiler</ets>, L. <ets>velarc</ets>. See <er>Veil</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <altsp>[Written also <asp>vail</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>To throw a veil over; to cover with a veil.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Her face was <qex>veiled</qex>; yet to my fancied sight,<br/>
Love, sweetness, goodness, in her person shined.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: To invest; to cover; to hide; to conceal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To keep your great pretenses <qex>veiled</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veiled</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Covered by, or as by, a veil; hidden.</def> &ldquo;Words used to convey a <xex>veiled</xex> meaning.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Earle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veiled plate</hw>. <fld>(Photog.)</fld> <def>A fogged plate.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veil"ing</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A veil; a thin covering; also, material for making veils.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veil"less</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having no veil.</def>  <rj><au>Tennyson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>veine</ets>, F. <ets>veine</ets>, L. <ets>vena</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>One of the vessels which carry blood, either venous or arterial, to the heart. See <er>Artery</er>, 2.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>One of the similar branches of the framework of a leaf.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the ribs or nervures of the wings of insects. See <er>Venation</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Geol. or Mining)</fld> <def>A narrow mass of rock intersecting other rocks, and filling inclined or vertical fissures not corresponding with the stratification; a lode; a dike; -- often limited, in the language of miners, to a mineral vein or lode, that is, to a vein which contains useful minerals or ores.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A fissure, cleft, or cavity, as in the earth or other substance.</def> &ldquo;Down to the <xex>veins</xex> of earth.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let the glass of the prisms be free from <qex>veins</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Sir I. Newton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A streak or wave of different color, appearing in wood, and in marble and other stones; variegation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <def>A train of associations, thoughts, emotions, or the like; a current; a course; <as>as, reasoning in the same <ex>vein</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He can open a <qex>vein</qex> of true and noble thinking.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <def>Peculiar temper or temperament; tendency or turn of mind; a particular disposition or cast of genius; humor; strain; quality; also, manner of speech or action; <as>as, a rich <ex>vein</ex> of humor; a satirical <ex>vein</ex></as>.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Certain discoursing wits which are of the same <qex>veins</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Invoke the Muses, and improve my <qex>vein</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Waller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Veined</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Veining</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To form or mark with veins; to fill or cover with veins.</def>  <rj><au>Tennyson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to veins; venous.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veined</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Full of veins; streaked; variegated; <as>as, <ex>veined</ex> marble</as>.</def> &ldquo;<xex>Veined</xex> follies.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Ford.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having fibrovascular threads extending throughout the lamina; <as>as, a <ex>veined</ex> leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"less</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having no veins; <as>as, a <ex>veinless</ex> leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"let</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A small vein.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Marked with veins; veined; veiny.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The excellent old gentleman's nails are long and leaden, and his hands lean and <qex>veinous</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Dickens.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein quartz</hw>. <def>Quartz occurring as gangue in a vein.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"stone`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Mining)</fld> <def>The valueless nonmetalliferous mineral or rock material which surrounds the ores in a vein, as quartz, calcite, barite, fluor spar, etc.; gangue; matrix; -- called also <altname>veinstuff</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vein"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Vein</er>: cf. F. <ets>vein&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>Full of veins; veinous; veined; <as>as, <ex>veiny</ex> marble</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Velum</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a velum; esp. <fld>(Anat.)</fld> of or pertaining to the soft palate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Phon.)</fld> <def>Having the place of articulation on the soft palate; guttural; <as>as, the <ex>velar</ex> consonants, such as <it>k</it> and hard <it>g</it></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*la"ri*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Velaria</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., a covering.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The marginal membrane of certain medus&aelig; belonging to the Discophora.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>velare</ets> to veil. See <er>Veil</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having a veil; veiled.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Veldt</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>veld</ets>. Cf. <er>Field</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>A region or tract of land; esp., the open field, thinly forested or with bushes and shrubs; grass country.</def> <mark>[South Africa]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Veldt sore</hw>. <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>An infective sore mostly on the hands and feet, often contracted in walking on the veldt and apparently due to a specific micro&ouml;rganism.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vele</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A veil.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*lel"la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., dim. from L. <ets>velum</ets> a veil, a sail.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any species of oceanic Siphonophora belonging to the genus <gen>Velella</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; These creatures are brilliantly colored and float at the surface of the sea. They have an oblong, disklike body, supported by a thin chitinous plate, from which rises a thin diagonal crest which acts as a sail. The feeding and reproductive zooids hang down from the under side of the disk.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*lif"er*ous</hw> <pr>(v&euptack_;*l&ibreve_;f"&etilde_;r*&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velifer</ets>; <ets>velum</ets> a sail + <ets>ferre</ets> to bear.]</ety> <def>Carrying or bearing sails.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Veliferous</xex> chariots.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Evelyn.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1599 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vel"i*ger</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;l"&ibreve_;*j&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L.  <ets>velum</ets> a veil + <ets>gerere</ets> bear.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any larval gastropod or bivalve mollusk in the stage when it is furnished with one or two ciliated membranes for swimming.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`i*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;l`&ibreve_;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velitatio</ets>, fr. <ets>velitari</ets>, <ets>velitatus</ets>, to skirmish, from <ets>veles</ets>, <ets>-itis</ets>, a light-armed soldier.]</ety> <def>A dispute or contest; a slight contest; a skirmish.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir M. Hale.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>After a short <qex>velitation</qex> we parted.</q> <rj><qau>Evelyn.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*liv"o*lant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velivolans</ets>; <ets>velum</ets> a sail + <ets>volare</ets> to fly.]</ety> <def>Flying with sails; passing under full sail.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vell</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. L. <ets>vellus</ets> the skin of a sheep with the wool on it, a fleece, a hide or pelt, or E. <ets>fell</ets> a hide.]</ety> <def>The salted stomach of a calf, used in making cheese; a rennet bag.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vell</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Vell</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To cut the turf from, as for burning.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Halliwell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel*le"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vell&eacute;it&eacute;</ets> (cf. It. <ets>velleit&agrave;</ets>), fr. L. <ets>velle</ets> to will, to be willing.]</ety> <def>The lowest degree of desire; imperfect or incomplete volition.</def>  <rj><au>Locke.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"let</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Velvet.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*cate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vellicated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vellicating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vellicatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vellicare</ets> to twitch, fr. <ets>vellere</ets> to pluck, pull.]</ety> <def>To twitch; to cause to twitch convulsively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Convulsions, arising from something <qex>vellicating</qex> a nerve in its extremity, are not very dangerous.</q> <rj><qau>Arbuthnot.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*cate</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To move spasmodically; to twitch; <as>as, a nerve <ex>vellicates</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`li*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <ety>[L. <ets>vellicatio</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of twitching, or of causing to twitch.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A local twitching, or convulsive motion, of a muscular fiber, especially of the face.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*ca*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Having the power of vellicating, plucking, or twitching; causing vellication.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vel*lon"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp.]</ety> <def>A word occurring in the phrase <cref>real vellon</cref>. See the Note under 1st <er>Real</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>velim</ets>, F. <ets>v&eacute;lin</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vitulinus</ets> of a calf, fr. <ets>vitulus</ets> a calf. See <er>Veal</er>.]</ety> <def>A fine kind of parchment, usually made from calfskin, and rendered clear and white, -- used as for writing upon, and for binding books.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vellum cloth</b></col>, <cd>a fine kind of cotton fabric, made very transparent, and used as a tracing cloth.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"lum*y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Resembling vellum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`o*cim"e*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velox</ets>, <ets>-ocis</ets>, rapid + <ets>-meter</ets>.]</ety> <def>An apparatus for measuring speed, as of machinery or vessels, but especially of projectiles.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*pede</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>velox</ets>, <ets>-ocis</ets>, swift + <ets>pes</ets>, <ets>pedis</ets>, a foot. See <er>Velocity</er>, and <er>Foot</er>.]</ety> <def>A light road carriage propelled by the feet of the rider. Originally it was propelled by striking the tips of the toes on the roadway, but commonly now by the action of the feet on a pedal or pedals connected with the axle of one or more of the wheels, and causing their revolution. They are made in many forms, with two, three, or four wheels. See <er>Bicycle</er>, and <er>Tricycle</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*pe`dist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who rides on a velocipede; a cyclist.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Velocities</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>velocitas</ets>, from <ets>velox</ets>, <ets>-ocis</ets>, swift, quick; perhaps akin to <ets>volare</ets> to fly (see <er>Volatile</er>): cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;locit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Quickness of motion; swiftness; speed; celerity; rapidity; <as>as, the <ex>velocity</ex> of wind; the <ex>velocity</ex> of a planet or comet in its orbit or course; the <ex>velocity</ex> of a cannon ball; the <ex>velocity</ex> of light.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In such phrases, <xex>velocity</xex> is more generally used than <xex>celerity</xex>.  We apply <xex>celerity</xex> to animals; as, a horse or an ostrich runs with <xex>celerity</xex>; but bodies moving in the air or in ethereal space move with greater or less <xex>velocity</xex>, not <xex>celerity</xex>. This usage is arbitrary, and perhaps not universal.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Mech.)</fld> <def>Rate of motion; the relation of motion to time, measured by the number of units of space passed over by a moving body or point in a unit of time, usually the number of feet passed over in a second. See the Note under <er>Speed</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Angular velocity</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Angular</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Initial velocity</b></col>, <cd>the velocity of a moving body at starting; especially, the velocity of a projectile as it leaves the mouth of a firearm from which it is discharged.</cd> -- <col><b>Relative velocity</b></col>, <cd>the velocity with which a body approaches or recedes from another body, whether both are moving or only one.</cd> -- <col><b>Uniform velocity</b></col>, <cd>velocity in which the same number of units of space are described in each successive unit of time.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable velocity</b></col>, <cd>velocity in which the space described varies from instant to instant, either increasing or decreasing; -- in the former case called <xex>accelerated velocity</xex>, in the latter, <xex>retarded velocity</xex>; the acceleration or retardation itself being also either <xex>uniform</xex> or <xex>variable</xex>.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual velocity</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Virtual</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In <xex>variable velocity</xex>, the velocity, strictly, at any given instant, is the rate of motion at that instant, and is expressed by the units of space, which, if the velocity at that instant were continued uniform during a unit of time, would be described in the unit of time; thus, the velocity of a falling body at a given instant is the number of feet which, if the motion which the body has at that instant were continued uniformly for one second, it would pass through in the second. The scientific sense of <xex>velocity</xex> differs from the popular sense in being applied to all rates of motion, however slow, while the latter implies more or less rapidity or quickness of motion.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Swiftness; celerity; rapidity; fleetness; speed.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*lours"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. See <er>Velure</er>.]</ety> <def>One of many textile fabrics having a pile like that of velvet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ &Verbar;<hw>Ve*lou`t&eacute;"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>, <it>or</it> <hw>Sauce velout&eacute;</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>. <ety>[F. <ets>velout&eacute;</ets>, lit., velvety.]</ety> <fld>(Cookery)</fld> <def>A white sauce or stock made by boiling down ham, veal, beef, fowl, bouillon, etc., then adding soup stock, seasoning, vegetables, and thickening, and again boiling and straining.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Velt"fare</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Fieldfare</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The fieldfare.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve"lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vela</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., an awning, a veil. See <er>Veil</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A curtain or covering; -- applied to various membranous partitions, especially to the soft palate. See under <er>Palate</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>See <er>Veil</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 3 <sd>(b)</sd>.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A thin membrane surrounding the sporocarps of quillworts <gen>Isoetes</gen>).</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A veil-like organ or part.</def> Especially: <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The circular membrane that partially incloses the space beneath the umbrella of hydroid medus&aelig;.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A delicate funnel-like membrane around the flagellum of certain Infusoria. See <xex>Illust.</xex> <it>a</it> of <er>Protozoa</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"ure</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>velours</ets>, OF. <ets>velous</ets>, from L. <ets>villosus</ets> hairy. See <er>Velvet</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Velvet.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;A woman's crupper of <xex>velure</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A substance resembling velvet.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`u*ti"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. See <er>Velvet</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of several species of marine gastropods belonging to <gen>Velutina</gen> and allied genera.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*lu"ti*nous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>velluto</ets> velvet. See <er>Velvet</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having the surface covered with a fine and dense silky pubescence; velvety; <as>as, a <ex>velutinous</ex> leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"verd</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The veltfare.</def> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`ver*et"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of velvet having cotton back.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>velouette</ets>, <ets>veluet</ets>, <ets>velwet</ets>; cf. OF. <ets>velluau</ets>, LL. <ets>velluetum</ets>, <ets>vellutum</ets>, It. <ets>velluto</ets>, Sp. <ets>velludo</ets>; all fr. (assumed) LL. <ets>villutus</ets> shaggy, fr L. <ets>villus</ets> shaggy hair; akin to <ets>vellus</ets> a fleece, and E. <ets>wool</ets>. See <er>Wool</er>, and cf. <er>Villous</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>A silk fabric, having a short, close nap of erect threads.  Inferior qualities are made with a silk pile on a cotton or linen back, or with other soft fibers such as nylon, acetate, or rayon.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The soft and highly vascular deciduous skin which envelops and nourishes the antlers of deer during their rapid growth.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Something likened to velvet{1} in being soft or luxurious; <as>as, a lawn of <ex>velvet</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Cotton velvet</b></col>, <cd>an imitation of velvet, made of cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet cork</b></col>, <cd>the best kind of cork bark, supple, elastic, and not woody or porous.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet crab</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a European crab (<spn>Portunus puber</spn>).  When adult the black carapace is covered with a velvety pile.  Called also <altname>lady crab</altname>, and <altname>velvet fiddler</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet dock</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>the common mullein.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet duck</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A large European sea duck, or scoter (<spn>Oidemia fusca</spn>).  The adult male is glossy, velvety black, with a white speculum on each wing, and a white patch behind each eye.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>The American whitewinged scoter. See <er>Scoter</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet flower</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>love-lies-bleeding. See under <er>Love</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet grass</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a tall grass (<spn>Holcus lanatus</spn>) with velvety stem and leaves; -- called also <altname>soft grass</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet runner</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the water rail; -- so called from its quiet, stealthy manner of running.</cd> <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark> -- <col><b>Velvet scoter</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>Same as <cref>Velvet duck</cref>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet sponge</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Sponge</er>.</cd>  -- <col><b>in velvet</b></col> <cd>having a coating of velvet{2} over the antlers; in the annual stage where the antlers are still growing; -- of deer.</cd> </cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Made of velvet; soft and delicate, like velvet; velvety.</def> &ldquo; The cowslip's <xex>velvet</xex> head.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To pain velvet.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Peacham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To make like, or cover with, velvet.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*breast`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The goosander.</def> <mark>[Local, U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`vet*een"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>velvantine</ets>. See <er>Velvet</er>.]</ety> <def>A kind of cloth, usually cotton, made in imitation of velvet; cotton velvet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*ing</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The fine shag or nap of velvet; a piece of velvet; velvet goods.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*leaf`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A name given to several plants which have soft, velvety leaves, as the <spn>Abutilon Avicenn&aelig;</spn>, the <spn>Cissampelos Pareira</spn>, and the <spn>Lavatera arborea</spn>, and even the common mullein.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Made of velvet, or like velvet; soft; smooth; delicate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Ven&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. See <er>Vein</er>.]</ety> <def>A vein.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vena cava</b></col>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Ven&aelig; cav&aelig;</plw>.</plu> <ety>[L., literally, hollow vein.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <cd>Any one of the great systemic veins connected directly with the heart.</cd>-- <col><b>Vena contracta</b></col>. <ety>[L., literally, contracted vein.]</ety> <fld>(Hydraulics)</fld> <cd>The contracted portion of a liquid jet at and near the orifice from which it issues.</cd> -- <col><b>Vena port&aelig;</b></col>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Ven&AElig; port&aelig;</plw>.</plu> <ety>[L., literally, vein of the entrance.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <cd>The portal vein of the liver. See under <er>Portal</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"da</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Sp. <ets>venado</ets> a deer, stag.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The pudu.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"n&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vena</ets> a vein.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to veins; venous; <as>as, <ex>venal</ex> blood</as>.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venalis</ets>, from <ets>venus</ets> sale; akin to Gr. <grk>'w^nos</grk> price, Skr. <ets>vasna</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;nal</ets>.]</ety> <def>Capable of being bought or obtained for money or other valuable consideration; made matter of trade or barter; held for sale; salable; mercenary; purchasable; hireling; <as>as, <ex>venal</ex> services</as>.</def> &ldquo; Paid court to <xex>venal</xex> beauties.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Macaulay.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>venal</qex> cry and prepared vote of a passive senate.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Mercenary; hireling; vendible.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Venal</er>, <er>Mercenary</er>. One is <xex>mercenary</xex> who is either actually a hireling (as, <xex>mercenary</xex> soldiers, a <xex>mercenary</xex> judge, etc.), or is governed by a sordid love of gain; hence, we speak of <xex>mercenary</xex> motives, a <xex>mercenary</xex> marriage, etc. <xex>Venal</xex> goes further, and supposes either an actual <xex>purchase</xex>, or a readiness to be purchased, which places a person or thing wholly in the power of the purchaser; <as>as, a <ex>venal</ex> press</as>. Brissot played ingeniously on the latter word in his celebrated saying, &ldquo; My pen is <xex>venal</xex> that it may not be <xex>mercenary</xex>,&rdquo; meaning that he wrote books, and sold them to the publishers, in order to avoid the necessity of being the hireling of any political party.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Thus needy wits a vile revenue made,<br/>
And verse became a <qex>mercenary</qex> trade.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This verse be thine, my friend, nor thou refuse<br/>
This, from no <qex>venal</qex> or ungrateful muse.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nal"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venalitas</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;nalit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being venal, or purchasable; mercenariness; prostitution of talents, offices, or services, for money or reward; <as>as, the <ex>venality</ex> of a corrupt court; the <ex>venality</ex> of an official.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Complaints of Roman <qex>venality</qex> became louder.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a venal manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*nan"tes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>venans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>venari</ets> to hunt.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The hunting spiders, which run after, or leap upon, their prey.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"a*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[LL. <ets>venarius</ets>, fr. L. <ets>venari</ets>, p. p. <ets>venatus</ets>, to hunt.]</ety> <def>Of or, pertaining to hunting.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{<hw>Ve*nat"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ve*nat"ic*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venaticus</ets>, fr. <ets>venatus</ets> hunting, fr. <ets>venari</ets>, p. p. <ets>venatus</ets>, to hunt.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to hunting; used in hunting.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo; <xex>Venatical</xex> pleasure.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Howell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nat"i*ca</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Vinatico</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vena</ets> a vein.]</ety> <def>The arrangement or system of veins, as in the wing of an insect, or in the leaves of a plant. See <xex>Illust.</xex> in Appendix.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"tion</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venatio</ets>, fr. <ets>venari</ets>, p. p. <ets>venatus</ets>, to hunt. See <er>Venison</er>.]</ety> <def>The act or art of hunting, or the state of being hunted.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`a*to"ri*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venatorius</ets>.]</ety> <def>Or or pertaining to hunting; venatic.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vended</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vending</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>vendre</ets>, L. <ets>vendere</ets>, from <ets>venum dare</ets>; <ets>venus</ets> sale + <ets>dare</ets> to give. See 2d <er>Venal</er>, <er>Date</er>, time.]</ety> <def>To transfer to another person for a pecuniary equivalent; to make an object of trade; to dispose of by sale; to sell; <as>as, to <ex>vend</ex> goods; to <ex>vend</ex> vegetables</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Vend</xex> differs from <xex>barter</xex>. We <xex>vend</xex> for money; we <xex>barter</xex> for commodities. <xex>Vend</xex> is used chiefly of wares, merchandise, or other small articles, not of lands and tenements.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of vending or selling; a sale.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The total sales of coal from a colliery.</def> <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"dace</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A European lake whitefish (<spn>Coregonus Willughbii</spn>, or <spn>Coregonus Vandesius</spn>) native of certain lakes in Scotland and England.  It is regarded as a delicate food fish.  Called also <altname>vendis</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend*ee"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The person to whom a thing is vended, or sold; -- the correlative of <inv>vendor</inv>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven`d&eacute;`miaire"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>vindemia</ets> vintage.]</ety> <def>The first month of the French republican calendar, dating from September 22, 1792.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This calendar was substituted for the ordinary calendar, dating from the Christian era, by a decree of the National Convention in 1793. The 22d of September, 1792, which had been fixed upon as the day of the foundation of the republic, was also the date of the new calendar. In this calendar, the year, which began at midnight of the day of the autumnal equinox, was divided into twelve months of thirty days, with five additional days for festivals, and every fourth year six. Each month was divided into three decades of ten days each, the week being abolished. The names of the months in their order were, <xex>Vend&eacute;miaire</xex>, <xex>Brumaire</xex>, <xex>Frimaire</xex> <xex>Nivose</xex>, <xex>Pluviose</xex>, <xex>Ventose</xex>, <xex>Germinal</xex>, <xex>Flor&eacute;al</xex>, <xex>Prairial</xex>, <xex>Messidor</xex>, <xex>Thermidor</xex> (sometimes called <xex>Fervidor</xex>), and <xex>Fructidor</xex>. This calendar was abolished December 31, 1805, and the ordinary one restored January 1, 1806.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Vend</er>: cf. F. <ets>vendeur</ets>, OF. <ets>vendeor</ets>.  Cf. <er>Vendor</er>.]</ety> <def>One who vends; one who transfers the exclusive right of possessing a thing, either his own, or that of another as his agent, for a price or pecuniary equivalent; a seller; a vendor.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven*det"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A blood feud; private revenge for the murder of a kinsman.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any feud or contention that is bitter and prolonged; however, the deep enmity may be held by only one party to the dispute; <as>as, the former Mayor nurtured a lifelong <ex>vendetta</ex> against the candidate who defeated him</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend`i*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vendible, or salable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend"i*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vendibilis</ets>: cf. OF. <ets>vendible</ets>, F. <ets>vendable</ets>.]</ety> <def>Capable of being vended, or sold; that may be sold; salable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The regulating of prices of things <qex>vendible</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Vendible</xex> differs from <xex>marketable</xex>; the latter signifies <xex>proper</xex> or <xex>fit for market</xex>, according to the laws or customs of a place. <xex>Vendible</xex> has no reference to such legal fitness.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend"i*ble</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Something to be sold, or offered for sale.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Vend"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos> -- <wf>Vend"i*bly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"di*tate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Venditation</er>.]</ety> <def>To cry up. as if for sale; to blazon.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`di*ta"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venditatio</ets>, fr. <ets>venditare</ets>, <ets>venditatum</ets>, to offer again and again for sale, v. freq. of <ets>vendere</ets>. See <er>Vend</er>.]</ety> <def>The act of setting forth ostentatiously; a boastful display.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven*di"tion</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;n*d&ibreve_;sh"&ubreve;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venditio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vendition</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of vending, or selling; sale.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1600 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend"or</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;nd"&obreve_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vender</er>.]</ety> <def>A vender; a seller; the correlative of <inv>vendee</inv>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vend"or's lien</hw>. <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>An implied lien (that is, one not created by mortgage or other express agreement) given in equity to a vendor of lands for the unpaid purchase money.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vends</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <fld>(Ethnol.)</fld> <def>See <er>Wends</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven*due"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>vendue</ets>, from F. <ets>vendre</ets>, p. p. <ets>vendu</ets>, <ets>vendue</ets>, to sell.]</ety> <def>A public sale of anything, by outcry, to the highest bidder; an auction.</def>  <mark>[Obsoles.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vendue master</b></col>, <cd>one who is authorized to sell any property by vendue; an auctioneer.</cd> <mark>[Obsoles.]</mark></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Veneered</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Veneering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[G. <ets>furnieren</ets>, <ets>fourniren</ets>, fr. F. <ets>fournir</ets> to furnish.  See <er>Furnish</er>.]</ety> <def>To overlay or plate with a thin layer of wood or other material for outer finish or decoration; <as>as, to <ex>veneer</ex> a piece of furniture with mahogany</as>. Used also figuratively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>As a rogue in grain<br/>
<qex>Veneered</qex> with sanctimonious theory.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. G. <ets>furnier</ets> or <ets>fournier</ets>.  See <er>Veneer</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>]</ety> <def>A thin leaf or layer of a more valuable or beautiful material for overlaying an inferior one, especially such a thin leaf of wood to be glued to a cheaper wood; hence, external show; gloss; false pretense.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Veneer moth</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>any moth of the genus <gen>Chilo</gen>; -- so called because the mottled colors resemble those of veneering.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act or art of one who veneers.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Thin wood or other material used as a veneer.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nef"ic*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veneficus</ets>.]</ety> <def>Veneficial.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Venefical</xex> instruments.&rdquo;  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*fice</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veneficium</ets>, fr. <ets>veneficus</ets> poisoning; <ets>venenum</ets> poison + <ets>facere</ets> to make: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;n&eacute;fice</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act or practice of poisoning.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ven`e*fi"cial</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ven`e*fi"cious</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <def>Acting by poison; used in poisoning or in sorcery.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;An old <xex>veneficious</xex> practice.&rdquo; <au>Sir T. Browne.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Ven`e*fi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> <mark>[Obs.]</mark></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*mous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Venomous.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venenatus</ets>, p. p. <ets>venenare</ets> to poison, from <ets>venenum</ets> poison.  Cf. <er>Venom</er>.]</ety> <def>To poison; to infect with poison.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Harvey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Poisoned.</def>  <rj><au>Woodward.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`e*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of poisoning.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Poison; venom.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nene"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Poisonous; venomous.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venenosus</ets>, fr. <ets>venenum</ets> poison.  Cf. <er>Venomous</er>.]</ety> <def>Poisonous.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being venerable; venerableness.</def>  <rj><au>Dr. H. More.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venerabilis</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;n&eacute;rable</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Capable of being venerated; worthy of veneration or reverence; deserving of honor and respect; -- generally implying an advanced age; <as>as, a <ex>venerable</ex> magistrate; a <ex>venerable</ex> parent</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He was a man of eternal self-sacrifice, and that is always <qex>venerable</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Venerable</qex> men! you have come down to us from a former generation.</q> <rj><qau>D. Webster.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Rendered sacred by religious or other associations; that should be regarded with awe and treated with reverence; <as>as, the <ex>venerable</ex> walls of a temple or a church</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This word is employed in the Church of England as a title for an archdeacon. In the Roman Catholic Church, <xex>venerable</xex> is applied to those who have attained to the lowest of the three recognized degrees of sanctity, but are not among the <xex>beatified</xex>, nor the <xex>canonized</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ven"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos> -- <wf>Ven"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven`e*ra"ce*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.  See <er>Venus</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>An extensive tribe of bivalve mollusks of which the genus <gen>Venus</gen> is the type. The shells are usually oval, or somewhat heartshaped, with a conspicuous lunule.  See <er>Venus</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Venerated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Venerating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>veneratus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>venerari</ets> to venerate; akin to <ets>Venus</ets> Venus, Skr. <ets>van</ets> to like, to wish, and E. <ets>win</ets>some.  See <er>Winsome</er>.]</ety> <def>To regard with reverential respect; to honor with mingled respect and awe; to reverence; to revere; <as>as, we <ex>venerate</ex> parents and elders</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And seemed to <qex>venerate</qex> the sacred shade.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I do not know a man more to be <qex>venerated</qex> for uprightness of heart and loftiness of genius.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- To reverence; revere; adore; respect.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`er*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veneratio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;n&eacute;ration</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of venerating, or the state of being venerated; the highest degree of respect and reverence; respect mingled with awe; a feeling or sentiment excited by the dignity, wisdom, or superiority of a person, by sacredness of character, by consecration to sacred services, or by hallowed associations.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We find a secret awe and <qex>veneration</qex> for one who moves about us in a regular and illustrious course of virtue.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Awe; reverence; respect.  See <er>Reverence</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*a`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <def>One who venerates.</def>  <rj><au>Jer. Taylor</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venereus</ets>, <ets>venerius</ets>, fr. <ets>Venus</ets>, <ets>Veneris</ets>, Venus, the goddess of love.  See <er>Venerate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to venery, or sexual love; relating to sexual intercourse.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Into the snare I fell<br/>
Of fair, fallacious looks, <qex>venereal</qex> trains,<br/>
Softened with pleasure and voluptuous life.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Arising from sexual intercourse; <as>as, a <ex>venereal</ex> disease; <ex>venereal</ex> virus or poison.</as></def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Adapted to the cure of venereal diseases; <as>as, <ex>venereal</ex> medicines</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Adapted to excite venereal desire; aphrodisiac.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Consisting of, or pertaining to, copper, formerly called by chemists <xex>Venus</xex>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Boyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*al</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The venereal disease; syphilis.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;n&eacute;rien</ets>.]</ety> <def>Devoted to the offices of Venus, or love; venereal.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;I am all <xex>venerean</xex> in feeling.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venereus</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Venereal; exciting lust; aphrodisiac.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Lustful; lascivious; libidinous.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Derham.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Venereous.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Burton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Venus</ets>, <ets>Veneris</ets>, the goddess of love.]</ety> <def>Sexual love; sexual intercourse; coition.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Contentment, without the pleasure of lawful <qex>venery</qex>, is continence; of unlawful, chastity.</q> <rj><qau>Grew.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*y</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>venerie</ets>, F. <ets>v&eacute;nerie</ets>, fr. OF. <ets>vener</ets> to hunt, L. <ets>venari</ets>.  See <er>Venison</er>.]</ety> <def>The art, act, or practice of hunting; the sports of the chase.</def>  &ldquo;Beasts of <xex>venery</xex> and fishes.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I love hunting and <qex>venery</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve`ne*sec"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL. <ets>venaesectio</ets>; L. <ets>vena</ets> vein + <ets>sectio</ets> section.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The act or operation of opening a vein for letting blood; bloodletting; phlebotomy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"tian</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. It. <ets>Veneziano</ets>, L. <ets>Venetianus</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to Venice in Italy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Venetian blind</b></col>, <cd>a blind for windows, doors, etc., made of thin slats, either fixed at a certain angle in the shutter, or movable, and in the latter case so disposed as to overlap each other when closed, and to show a series of open spaces for the admission of air and light when in other positions.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian carpet</b></col>, <cd>an inexpensive carpet, used for passages and stairs, having a woolen warp which conceals the weft; the pattern is therefore commonly made up of simple stripes.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian chalk</b></col>, <cd>a white compact talc or steatite, used for marking on cloth, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian door</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a door having long, narrow windows or panes of glass on the sides.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian glass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of glass made by the Venetians, for decorative purposes, by the combination of pieces of glass of different colors fused together and wrought into various ornamental patterns.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian red</b></col>, <cd>a brownish red color, prepared from sulphate of iron; -- called also <altname>scarlet ocher</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian soap</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>Castile soap</cref>, under <er>Soap</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian sumac</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a South European tree (<spn>Rhus Cotinus</spn>) which yields the yellow dyewood called <prod>fustet</prod>; -- also called <altname>smoke tree</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian window</b></col> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>a window consisting of a main window with an arched head, having on each side a long and narrow window with a square head.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"tian</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Venice.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>Galligaskins.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn>  <def>A Venetian blind.</def> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ew</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>venue</ets>, lit., an arrival, from <ets>venir</ets>, p. p. <ets>venu</ets>, <ets>venue</ets>, to come.  See <er>Venue</er>.]</ety> <def>A bout, or turn, as at fencing; a thrust; a hit; a veney.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ey</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Venew</er> or <er>Visne</er>.]</ety> <def>A bout; a thrust; a venew.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Beau. &amp; Fl.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Three <qex>veneys</qex> for a dish of stewed prunes.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>venger</ets>.  See <er>Vengeance</er>.]</ety> <def>To avenge; to punish; to revenge.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <see>See <er>Avenge</er>, and <er>Revenge</er>.</see> <au>Chaucer</au>.  &ldquo;To <xex>venge</xex> me, as I may.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Revengeful; deserving revenge.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Spenser.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Venge"a*bly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> <mark>[Obs.]</mark></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ance</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vengeance</ets>, fr. <ets>venger</ets> to avenge, L. <ets>vindicare</ets> to lay claim to, defend, avenge, fr. <ets>vindex</ets> a claimant, defender, avenger, the first part of which is of uncertain origin, and the last part akin to <ets>dicere</ets> to say.  See <er>Diction</er>, and cf. <er>Avenge</er>, <er>Revenge</er>, <er>Vindicate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Punishment inflicted in return for an injury or an offense; retribution; -- often, in a bad sense, passionate or unrestrained revenge.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To me belongeth <qex>vengeance</qex> and recompense.</q> <rj><qau>Deut. xxxii. 35.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To execute fierce <qex>vengeance</qex> on his foes.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Harm; mischief.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>What a vengeance</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>What the vengeance</b></col></mcol>, <cd>what! -- emphatically.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;But <xex>what a vengeance</xex> makes thee fly!&rdquo; <au>Hudibras.</au> &ldquo;<xex>What the vengeance</xex>! Could he not speak 'em fair?&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> -- <col><b>With a vengeance</b></col>, <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>with great violence; <as>as, to strike <ex>with a vengeance</ex></as>.</cd> <mark>[Colloq.]</mark> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>with even greater intensity; <as>as, to return one's insult <ex>with a vengeance</ex></as>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ance*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Extremely; excessively.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;He loves that <xex>vengeancely</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Beau. &amp; Fl.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ful</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vindictive; retributive; revengeful.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Vengeful</xex> ire.&rdquo; <au>Milton.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Venge"ful*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>vengement</ets>.]</ety> <def>Avengement; penal retribution; vengeance.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ger</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>An avenger.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"ni*a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veniabilis</ets>, fr. <ets>venia</ets> forgiveness, pardon.]</ety> <def>Venial; pardonable.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <au>Sir T. Browne.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Ve"ni*a*bly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> <mark>[Obs.]</mark></wordforms>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"ni*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>venial</ets>, F. <ets>v&eacute;niel</ets>, L. <ets>venialis</ets>, from <ets>venia</ets> forgiveness, pardon, grace, favor, kindness; akin to <ets>venerari</ets> to venerate.  See <er>Venerate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Capable of being forgiven; not heinous; excusable; pardonable; <as>as, a <ex>venial</ex> fault or transgression</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>So they do nothing, 't is a <qex>venial</qex> slip.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Allowed; permitted.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Permitting him the while <xex>venial</xex> discourse unblamed.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Venial sin</b></col> <fld>(R. C. Theol.)</fld>, <cd>a sin which weakens, but does not wholly destroy, sanctifying grace, as do mortal, or deadly, sins.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ve"ni*al*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ve"ni*al*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve`ni*al"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being venial; venialness.</def>  <rj><au>Jer. Taylor.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"in</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venenum</ets> poison.]</ety> <fld>(Physiol. Chem.)</fld> <def>A toxic substance contained in the venom of poisonous snakes; also, a (supposedly identical) toxic substance obtained by the cleavage of an albumose.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*ni"re fa"ci*as</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[L., make, or cause, to come.]</ety> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A judicial writ or precept directed to the sheriff, requiring him to cause a certain number of qualified persons to appear in court at a specified time, to serve as jurors in said court.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A writ in the nature of a summons to cause the party indicted on a penal statute to appear. Called also <altname>venire</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"i*son</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>veneison</ets>, <ets>veneson</ets>, <ets>venison</ets>, OF. <ets>veneison</ets>, F. <ets>venaison</ets>, L. <ets>venatio</ets> hunting, the chase, game, fr. <ets>venari</ets>, p. p. <ets>venatus</ets>, to hunt; perhaps akin to OHG. <ets>weidin&omacr;n</ets>, <ets>weidenen</ets>, to pasture, to hunt, G. <ets>weide</ets> pasturage.  Cf. <er>Gain</er> to acquire, <er>Venation</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Beasts of the chase.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Fabyan.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Formerly, the flesh of any of the edible beasts of the chase, also of game birds; now, the flesh of animals of the deer kind exclusively.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*ni"te</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., come, imperative 2d person pl. So called from its opening word in the Latin version.]</ety> <fld>(Eccl.)</fld> <def>The 95th Psalm, which is said or sung regularly in the public worship of many churches. Also, a musical composition adapted to this Psalm.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"om</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>venim</ets>, OF. <ets>venim</ets>, <ets>venin</ets>, F. <ets>venin</ets>, L. <ets>venenum</ets>.  Cf. <er>Venenate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Matter fatal or injurious to life; poison; particularly, the poisonous matter which certain animals, such as serpents, scorpions, bees, etc., secrete in a state of health, and communicate by biting or stinging.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Or hurtful worm with cankered <qex>venom</qex> bites.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Spite; malice; malignity; evil quality.</def> <au>Chaucer.</au>  &ldquo;The <xex>venom</xex> of such looks.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Venom; virus; bane.  See <er>Poison</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"om</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>venimen</ets>, OF. <ets>venimer</ets>, L. <ets>venenare</ets>.  See <er>Venom</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>To infect with venom; to envenom; to poison.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Venomed</xex> vengeance.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"om*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>venemous</ets>, <ets>venimous</ets>, F. <ets>venimeux</ets>, L. <ets>venenosus</ets>, fr. <ets>venenum</ets> poison.  See <er>Venom</er>, and cf. <er>Venenose</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Full of venom; noxious to animal life; poisonous; <as>as, the bite of a serpent may be <ex>venomous</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Having a poison gland or glands for the secretion of venom, as certain serpents and insects.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Noxious; mischievous; malignant; spiteful; <as>as, a <ex>venomous</ex> progeny; a <ex>venomous</ex> writer</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Venomous snake</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>any serpent which has poison glands and fangs, whether dangerous to man or not. These serpents constitute two tribes, the viperine serpents, or Solenoglypha, and the cobralike serpents, or Proteroglypha. The former have perforated, erectile fangs situated in the front part of the upper jaw, and are without ordinary teeth behind the fangs; the latter have permanently erect and grooved fangs, with ordinary maxillary teeth behind them.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ven"om*ous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ven"om*ous*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nose"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Venous</er>.]</ety> <def>Having numerous or conspicuous veins; veiny; <as>as, a <ex>venose</ex> frond</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nos"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being venous.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A condition in which the circulation is retarded, and the entire mass of blood is less oxygenated than it normally is.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venosus</ets>, from <ets>vena</ets> a vein.  See <er>Vein</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to a vein or veins; <as>as, the <ex>venous</ex> circulation of the blood</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Contained in the veins, or having the same qualities as if contained in the veins, that is, having a dark bluish color and containing an insufficient amount of oxygen so as no longer to be fit for oxygenating the tissues; -- said of the blood, and opposed to <xex>arterial</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Marked with veins; veined; <as>as, a <ex>venous</ex> leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Venous leaf</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a leaf having vessels branching, or variously divided, over its surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Venous hum</b></col> <fld>(Med.)</fld>, <cd>a humming sound, or bruit, heard during auscultation of the veins of the neck in an&aelig;mia.</cd> -- <col><b>Venous pulse</b></col> <fld>(Physiol.)</fld>, <cd>the pulse, or rhythmic contraction, sometimes seen in a vein, as in the neck, when there is an obstruction to the passage of blood from the auricles to the ventricles, or when there is an abnormal rigidity in the walls of the greater vessels. There is normally no pulse in a vein.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vente</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vendere</ets>, <ets>-itum</ets>, to sell; perh. confused with E. <ets>vent</ets> an opening.  See <er>Vend</er>.]</ety> <def>Sale; opportunity to sell; market.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shelton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There is no <qex>vent</qex> for any commodity but of wool.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Temple.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To sell; to vend.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Therefore did those nations <qex>vent</qex> such spice.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Raleigh.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp. <ets>venta</ets> a poor inn, sale, market.  See <er>Vent</er> sale.]</ety> <def>A baiting place; an inn.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>venter</ets> to blow, <ets>vent</ets> wind (see <er>Ventilate</er>); but prob influenced by E. <ets>vent</ets> an opening.]</ety> <def>To snuff; to breathe or puff out; to snort.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;nt)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>fent</ets>, <ets>fente</ets>, a slit, F. <ets>fente</ets> a slit, cleft, fissure, from <ets>fendre</ets> to split, L. <ets>findere</ets>; but probably confused with F. <ets>vent</ets> wind, L. <ets>ventus</ets>.  See <er>Fissure</er>, and cf. <ets>Vent</ets> to snuff.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A small aperture; a hole or passage for air or any fluid to escape; <as>as, the <ex>vent</ex> of a cask; the <ex>vent</ex> of a mold; a volcanic <ex>vent</ex>.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Look, how thy wounds do bleed at many <qex>vents</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Long 't was doubtful, both so closely pent,<br/>
Which first should issue from the narrow <qex>vent</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The anal opening of certain invertebrates and fishes; also, the external cloacal opening of reptiles, birds, amphibians, and many fishes.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Gun.)</fld> <def>The opening at the breech of a firearm, through which fire is communicated to the powder of the charge; touchhole.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Steam Boilers)</fld> <def>Sectional area of the passage for gases divided by the length of the same passage in feet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Fig.: Opportunity of escape or passage from confinement or privacy; outlet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Emission; escape; passage to notice or expression; publication; utterance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Without the <qex>vent</qex> of words.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Thou didst make tolerable <qex>vent</qex> of thy travel.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To give vent to</b></col>, <cd>to suffer to escape; to let out; to pour forth; as, <xex>to give vent to</xex> anger.</cd> -- <col><b>To take vent</b></col>, <cd>to escape; to be made public.</cd> <mark>[R.]</mark> -- <col><b>Vent feather</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>one of the anal, or crissal, feathers of a bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Vent field</b></col> <fld>(Gun.)</fld>, <cd>a flat raised surface around a vent.</cd> -- <col><b>Vent piece</b></col>. <fld>(Gun.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A bush.  See 4th <er>Bush</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 2.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>A breech block.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vented</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Venting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To let out at a vent, or small aperture; to give passage or outlet to.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To suffer to escape from confinement; to let out; to utter; to pour forth; <as>as, to <ex>vent</ex> passion or complaint</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The queen of heaven did thus her fury <qex>vent</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To utter; to report; to publish.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>By mixing somewhat true to <qex>vent</qex> more lies.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Thou hast framed and <qex>vented</qex> very curious orations.</q> <rj><qau>Barrow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To scent, as a hound.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Turbervile.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To furnish with a vent; to make a vent in; <as>as, to <ex>vent</ex></as>. a mold.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1601 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent"age</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;nt"&auptack_;j)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A small hole, as the stop in a flute; a vent.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent"ail</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;nt"&amacr;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>ventaille</ets>, F. <ets>ventail</ets>.  See <er>Ventilate</er>, and cf. <er>Aventail</er>.]</ety> <def>That part of a helmet which is intended for the admission of air, -- sometimes in the visor.</def>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Her <qex>ventail</qex> up so high that he descried<br/>
Her goodly visage and her beauty's pride.</q> <rj><qau>Fairfax.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who vents; one who utters, reports, or publishes.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Barrow.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vent"er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The belly; the abdomen; -- sometimes applied to any large cavity containing viscera.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The uterus, or womb.</def>  <sd>(c)</sd> <def>A belly, or protuberant part; a broad surface; <as>as, the <ex>venter</ex> of a muscle; the <ex>venter</ex>, or anterior surface, of the scapula.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The lower part of the abdomen in insects.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Rom. &amp; O. E. Law)</fld> <def>A pregnant woman; a mother; <as>as, A has a son B by one <ex>venter</ex>, and a daughter C by another <ex>venter</ex>; children by different <ex>venters</ex>.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vent"hole</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A touchhole; a vent.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*duct</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventus</ets> wind + <ets>ductus</ets> a leading, conduit, fr. <ets>ducere</ets>, <ets>ductum</ets>, to lead.]</ety> <def>A passage for wind or air; a passage or pipe for ventilating apartments.</def>  <rj><au>Gwilt.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Ventilated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Ventilating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>ventilatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>ventilare</ets> to toss, brandish in the air, to fan, to winnow, from <ets>ventus</ets> wind; akin to E. <ets>wind</ets>.  See <er>Wind</er> rushing air.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To open and expose to the free passage of air; to supply with fresh air, and remove impure air from; to air; <as>as, to <ex>ventilate</ex> a room; to <ex>ventilate</ex> a cellar; to <ex>ventilate</ex> a mine.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To provide with a vent, or escape, for air, gas, etc.; <as>as, to <ex>ventilate</ex> a mold, or a water-wheel bucket</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To change or renew, as the air of a room.</def>  <rj><au>Harvey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To winnow; to fan; <as>as, to <ex>ventilate</ex> wheat</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>To sift and examine; to bring out, and subject to penetrating scrutiny; to expose to examination and discussion; <as>as, to <ex>ventilate</ex> questions of policy</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Ayliffe.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>To give vent to; to utter; to make public.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Macaulay took occasion to <qex>ventilate</qex> one of those startling, but not very profound, paradoxes.</q> <rj><qau>J. C. Shairp.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven`ti*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventilatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>ventilation</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of ventilating, or the state of being ventilated; the art or process of replacing foul air by that which is pure, in any inclosed place, as a house, a church, a mine, etc.; free exposure to air.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Insuring, for the laboring man, better <qex>ventilation</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>F. W. Robertson.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The act of refrigerating, or cooling; refrigeration; <as>as, <ex>ventilation</ex> of the blood</as>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Harvey.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The act of fanning, or winnowing, for the purpose of separating chaff and dust from the grain.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>The act of sifting, and bringing out to view or examination; free discussion; public exposure.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>ventilation</qex> of these points diffused them to the knowledge of the world.</q> <rj><qau>Bp. Hall.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>The act of giving vent or expression.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Ventilation</xex> of his thoughts.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir H. Wotton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ti*la*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ventilation; adapted to secure ventilation; ventilating; <as>as, <ex>ventilative</ex> apparatus</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ti*la`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>ventilateur</ets>, L. <ets>ventilator</ets> a winnower.]</ety> <def>A contrivance for effecting ventilation; especially, a contrivance or machine for drawing off or expelling foul or stagnant air from any place or apartment, or for introducing that which is fresh and pure.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tose"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A ventouse.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Holland.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tose"</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventosus</ets> windy.  See <er>Ventilate</er>.]</ety> <def>Windy; flatulent.</def>  <rj><au>Richardson (Dict.).</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven`tose"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vent&ocirc;se</ets>.  See <er>Ventose</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <def>The sixth month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began February 19, and ended March 20.  See <er>Vend&eacute;miaire</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tos"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventositas</ets>: cf. F. <ets>ventosit&eacute;</ets>.  See <er>Ventose</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>Quality or state of being ventose; windiness; hence, vainglory; pride.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"touse</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A cupping glass.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"touse</hw>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <def>To cup; to use a cupping glass.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <altsp>[Written also <asp>ventuse</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"trad</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venter</ets> belly + <ets>ad</ets> to.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Toward the ventral side; on the ventral side; ventrally; -- opposed to <xex>dorsad</xex>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"tral</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventralis</ets>, fr. <ets>venter</ets> the belly; perhaps akin to G. <ets>wanst</ets>: cf. F. <ets>ventral</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of, pertaining to, or situated near, the belly, or ventral side, of an animal or of one of its parts; hemal; abdominal; <as>as, the <ex>ventral</ex> fin of a fish; the <ex>ventral</ex> root of a spinal nerve</as>; -- opposed to <ant>dorsal</ant>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Of or pertaining to that surface of a carpel, petal, etc., which faces toward the center of a flower.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the lower side or surface of a creeping moss or other low flowerless plant.  Opposed to <ant>dorsal</ant>.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Ventral fins</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the posterior pair of fins of a fish. They are often situated beneath the belly, but sometimes beneath the throat.</cd> -- <col><b>Ventral segment</b></col>. <fld>(Acoustics)</fld> <cd>See <er>Loop</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 5.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"tri*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventriculus</ets> the stomach, a ventricle, dim. of <ets>venter</ets> the belly: cf. F. <ets>ventricule</ets>.  See <er>Ventral</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A cavity, or one of the cavities, of an organ, as of the larynx or the brain; specifically, the posterior chamber, or one of the two posterior chambers, of the heart, which receives the blood from the auricle and forces it out from the heart.  See <er>Heart</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The principal ventricles of the brain are the <xex>fourth</xex> in the medulla, the <xex>third</xex> in the midbrain, the <xex>first</xex> and <xex>second</xex>, or <xex>lateral</xex>, ventricles in the cerebral hemispheres, all of which are connected with each other, and the <xex>fifth</xex>, or <xex>pseudoc&oelig;le</xex>, situated between the hemispheres, in front of, or above, the fornix, and entirely disconnected with the other cavities.  See <er>Brain</er>, and <er>C&oelig;lia</er>.</note><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The stomach.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>Whether I will or not, while I live, my heart beats, and my <qex>ventricle</qex> digests what is in it.</q> <rj><qau>Sir M. Hale.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Fig.: Any cavity, or hollow place, in which any function may be conceived of as operating.</def><br/>
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<p><q>These [ideas] are begot on the <qex>ventricle</qex> of memory.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ven"tri*cose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ven"tri*cous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[NL. <ets>ventricosus</ets>, fr. L. <ets>venter</ets> belly.]</ety> <fld>(Nat. Hist.)</fld> <def>Swelling out on one side or unequally; bellied; ventricular; <as>as, a <ex>ventricose</ex> corolla</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Ventricose shell</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>A spiral shell having the body whorls rounded or swollen in the middle.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>A bivalve shell in which the valves are strongly convex.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tric"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>ventriculaire</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a ventricle; bellied.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven*tric"u*lite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ventriculus</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Paleon.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of siliceous fossil sponges belonging to <gen>Ventriculites</gen> and allied genera, characteristic of the Cretaceous period.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; Many of them were shaped like vases, others like mushrooms. They belong to the hexactinellids, and are allied to the Venus's basket of modern seas.</note><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tric"u*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventriculosus</ets> of the belly.]</ety> <def>Somewhat distended in the middle; ventricular.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven*tric"u*lus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Ventriculi</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., belly, dim. fr. <ets>venter</ets> belly.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>One of the stomachs of certain insects.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The body cavity of a sponge.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven`tri*lo*cu"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ventriloquous</er>.]</ety> <def>Ventriloquism.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`tri*lo"qui*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Ventriloquous.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Ventriloquous</er>.]</ety> <def>The act, art, or practice of speaking in such a manner that the voice appears to come, not from the person speaking, but from some other source, as from a dummy held by the ventriloquist, from the opposite side of the room, from the cellar, etc.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who practices, or is skilled in, ventriloquism.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Ventriloquist monkey</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>the onappo; -- so called from the character of its cry.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quize</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Ventriloquized</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Ventriloquizing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To practice ventriloquism; to speak like a ventriloquist.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>ventriloquus</ets> a ventriloquist; <ets>venter</ets> the belly + <ets>loqui</ets>, p. p. <ets>locutus</ets>, to speak.  See <er>Ventral</er>, and <er>Loquacious</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a ventriloquist or ventriloquism.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>ventriloquie</ets>.]</ety> <def>Same as <er>Ventriloquism</er>.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ven`tri*mes"on</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.  See <er>Venter</er>, and <er>Meson</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>See <er>Meson</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"tro-</hw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>. <ety>[L. <ets>venter</ets> belly.]</ety> <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate <xex>connection with</xex>, or <xex>relation to</xex>, <xex>the abdomen</xex>; also, <xex>connection with</xex>, <xex>relation to</xex>, or <xex>direction toward</xex>, <xex>the ventral side</xex>; <as>as, <ex>ventro</ex>lateral; <ex>ventro</ex>-inguinal.</as></def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven`tro-in"gui*nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Pertaining both to the abdomen and groin, or to the abdomen and inguinal canal; <as>as, <ex>ventro-inguinal</ex> hernia</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw> <pr>(?; 135)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Aphetic form of OE. <ets>aventure</ets>.  See <er>Adventure</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An undertaking of chance or danger; the risking of something upon an event which can not be foreseen with certainty; a hazard; a risk; a speculation.</def><br/>
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<p><q>I, in this <qex>venture</qex>, double gains pursue.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An event that is not, or can not be, foreseen; an accident; chance; hap; contingency; luck.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The thing put to hazard; a stake; a risk; especially, something sent to sea in trade.</def><br/>
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<p><q>My <qex>ventures</qex> are not in one bottom trusted.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>At a venture</b></col>, <cd>at hazard; without seeing the end or mark; without foreseeing the issue; at random.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><q>A certain man drew a bow <qex>at a venture</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>1 Kings xxii. 34.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>A bargain <qex>at a venture</qex> made.</q> <rj><qau>Hudibras.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The phrase <xex>at a venture</xex> was originally <xex>at aventure</xex>, that is, <xex>at adventure</xex>.</note><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Ventured</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Venturing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To hazard one's self; to have the courage or presumption to do, undertake, or say something; to dare.</def>  <rj><au>Bunyan.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To make a venture; to run a hazard or risk; to take the chances.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Who freights a ship to <qex>venture</qex> on the seas.</q> <rj><qau>J. Dryden, Jr.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><mcol><col><b>To venture at</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>To venture on</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>To venture upon</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to dare to engage in; to attempt without any certainty of success; <as>as, it is rash <ex>to venture upon</ex> such a project</as>.</cd> &ldquo;When I <xex>venture at</xex> the comic style.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Waller.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To expose to hazard; to risk; to hazard; <as>as, to <ex>venture</ex> one's person in a balloon</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><q>I am afraid; and yet I'll <qex>venture</qex> it.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To put or send on a venture or chance; <as>as, to <ex>venture</ex> a horse to the West Indies</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To confide in; to rely on; to trust.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q> A man would be well enough pleased to buy silks of one whom he would not <qex>venture</qex> to feel his pulse.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"tur*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who ventures, or puts to hazard; an adventurer.</def>  <rj><au>Beau. &amp; Fl.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A strumpet; a prostitute.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>J. Webster (1607).</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ture*some</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Inclined to venture; not loth to run risk or danger; venturous; bold; daring; adventurous; <as>as, a <ex>venturesome</ex> boy or act</as>.</def>  -- <wordforms><wf>Ven"ture*some*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ven"ture*some*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"tur*ine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Aventurine</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Japanning)</fld> <def>Gold powder for covering varnished surfaces.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"tur*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Aphetic form of OE. <ets>aventurous</ets>.  See <er>Adventurous</er>, <er>Venture</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>Daring; bold; hardy; fearless; venturesome; adventurous; <as>as, a <ex>venturous</ex> soldier</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This said, he paused not, but with <qex>venturous</qex> arm<br/>
He plucked, he tasted.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ven"tur*ous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ven"tur*ous*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"tuse</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t. &amp; i.</pos> <def>See <er>Ventouse</er>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ue</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;n"&uuptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>venue</ets> a coming, arrival, fr. <ets>venir</ets> to come, L. <ets>venire</ets>; hence, in English, the place whither the jury are summoned to come.  See <er>Come</er>, and cf. <er>Venew</er>, <er>Veney</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>A neighborhood or near place; the place or county in which anything is alleged to have happened; also, the place where an action is laid.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The twelve men who are to try the cause must be of the same <qex>venue</qex> where the demand is made.</q> <rj><qau>Blackstone.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; In certain cases, the court has power to change the <xex>venue</xex>, which is to direct the trial to be had in a different county from that where the <xex>venue</xex> is laid.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A bout; a hit; a turn.  See <er>Venew</er>.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>To lay a venue</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>to allege a place.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ven"ule</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;n"&uuptack_;l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venula</ets>, dim. from <ets>vena</ets> vein.]</ety> <def>A small vein; a veinlet; specifically <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, one of the small branches of the veins of the wings in insects.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"u*lose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Full of venules, or small veins.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"nus</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"n&ubreve;s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Venus</ets>, <ets>-eris</ets>, the goddess of love, the planet Venus.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Class. Myth.)</fld> <def>The goddess of beauty and love, that is, beauty or love deified.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>One of the planets, the second in order from the sun, its orbit lying between that of Mercury and that of the Earth, at a mean distance from the sun of about 67,000,000 miles. Its diameter is 7,700 miles, and its sidereal period 224.7 days. As the morning star, it was called by the ancients <altname>Lucifer</altname>; as the evening star, <altname>Hesperus</altname>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Alchem.)</fld> <def>The metal copper; -- probably so designated from the ancient use of the metal in making mirrors, a mirror being still the astronomical symbol of the planet Venus.</def>  <mark>[Archaic]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve shells of the genus <gen>Venus</gen> or family <fam>Venerid&aelig;</fam>. Many of these shells are large, and ornamented with beautiful frills; others are smooth, glossy, and handsomely colored. Some of the larger species, as the round clam, or quahog, are valued for food.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Venus's basin</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>the wild teasel; -- so called because the connate leaf bases form a kind of receptacle for water, which was formerly gathered for use in the toilet. Also called <altname>Venus's bath</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's basket</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>an elegant, cornucopia-shaped, hexactinellid sponge (<spn>Euplectella speciosa</spn>) native of the East Indies. It consists of glassy, transparent, siliceous fibers interwoven and soldered together so as to form a firm network, and has long, slender, divergent anchoring fibers at the base by means of which it stands erect in the soft mud at the bottom of the sea. Called also <altname>Venus's flower basket</altname>, and <altname>Venus's purse</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's comb</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <cd>Same as <er>Lady's comb</er>.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>A species of <spn>Murex</spn> (<spn>Murex tenuispinus</spn>). It has a long, tubular canal, with a row of long, slender spines along both of its borders, and rows of similar spines covering the body of the shell. Called also <altname>Venus's shell</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's fan</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a common reticulated, fanshaped gorgonia (<spn>Gorgonia flabellum</spn>) native of Florida and the West Indies. When fresh the color is purple or yellow, or a mixture of the two.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's flytrap</b></col>. <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <cd>See <er>Flytrap</er>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's girdle</b></col> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld>, <cd>a long, flat, ribbonlike, very delicate, transparent and iridescent ctenophore (<spn>Cestum Veneris</spn>) which swims in the open sea. Its form is due to the enormous development of two spheromeres.  See <xex>Illust.</xex> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's hair</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a delicate and graceful fern (<spn>Adiantum Capillus-Veneris</spn>) having a slender, black and shining stem and branches.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's hair stone</b></col> <fld>(Min.)</fld>, <cd>quartz penetrated by acicular crystals of rutile.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's looking-glass</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>an annual plant of the genus <gen>Specularia</gen> allied to the bellflower; -- also called <altname>lady's looking-glass</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's navelwort</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>any one of several species of <gen>Omphalodes</gen>, low boraginaceous herbs with small blue or white flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's pride</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>an old name for Quaker ladies.  See under <er>Quaker</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's purse</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <cd>Same as <cref>Venus's basket</cref>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's shell</b></col>. <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <cd>Any species of Cypr&aelig;a; a cowrie.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <cd>Same as <cref>Venus's comb</cref>, above.</cd> <sd>(c)</sd> <cd>Same as <er>Venus</er>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's slipper</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <cd>Any plant of the genus <gen>Cypripedium</gen>.  See <er>Lady's slipper</er>. <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> Any heteropod shell of the genus <gen>Carinaria</gen>.  See <er>Carinaria</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1602 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*nust"</hw> <pr>(v&euptack_;*n&ubreve;st")</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>venustus</ets>, from <ets>Venus</ets> the goddess of love.]</ety> <def>Beautiful.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>E. Waterhouse.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"cious</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verax</ets>, <ets>-acis</ets>, fr. <ets>verus</ets> true.  See <er>Very</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Observant of truth; habitually speaking truth; truthful; <as>as, <ex>veracious</ex> historian</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The Spirit is most perfectly and absolutely <qex>veracious</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Barrow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Characterized by truth; true; not false; <as>as, a <ex>veracious</ex> account or narrative</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The young, ardent soul that enters on this world with heroic purpose, with <qex>veracious</qex> insight, will find it a mad one.</q> <rj><qau>Carlyle.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"cious*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a veracious manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*rac"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;racit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being veracious; habitual observance of truth; truthfulness; truth; <as>as, a man of <ex>veracity</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ran"da</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[A word brought by the English from India; of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. <ets>vara&nsdot_;&dsdot_;a</ets>, Pg. <ets>varanda</ets>, Sp. <ets>baranda</ets>, Malay <ets>baranda</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>An open, roofed gallery or portico, adjoining a dwelling house, forming an out-of-door sitting room.  See <er>Loggia</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The house was of adobe, low, with a wide <qex>veranda</qex> on the three sides of the inner court.</q> <rj><qau>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`a*tral"bine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A yellowish amorphous alkaloid extracted from the rootstock of <xex>Veratrum album</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A salt of veratric acid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*ra"tri*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Veratrine.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"tric</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, plants of the genus Veratrum.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Veratric acid</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>an acid occurring, together with veratrine, in the root of white hellebore (<spn>Veratrum album</spn>), and in sabadilla seed; -- extracted as a white crystalline substance which is related to protocatechuic acid.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`a*tri"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Veratrine</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trine</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;ratrine</ets>.  See <er>Veratrum</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A poisonous alkaloid obtained from the root of hellebore (<gen>Veratrum</gen>) and from sabadilla seeds as a white crystalline powder, having an acrid, burning taste.  It is sometimes used externally, as in ointments, in the local treatment of neuralgia and rheumatism.  Called also <altname>veratria</altname>, and <altname>veratrina</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trol</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Veratric</ets> + <ets>ol</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon obtained by the decomposition of veratric acid, and constituting the dimethyl ether of pyrocatechin.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*ra"trum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veratrum</ets> hellebore.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of coarse liliaceous herbs having very poisonous qualities.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Veratrum album</xex> of Europe, and <xex>Veratrum viride</xex> of America, are both called <xex>hellebore</xex>. They grow in wet land, have large, elliptical, plicate leaves in three vertical ranks, and bear panicles of greenish flowers.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verb</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verbe</ets>, L. <ets>verbum</ets> a word, verb.  See <er>Word</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A word; a vocable.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>South.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Gram.)</fld> <def>A word which affirms or predicates something of some person or thing; a part of speech expressing being, action, or the suffering of action.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; A verb is a word whereby the chief action of the mind [the assertion or the denial of a proposition] finds expression.  <rj><au>Earle.</au></rj>
</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Active verb</b></col>, <col><b>Auxiliary verb</b></col>, <col><b>Neuter verb</b></col></mcol>, <cd>etc.  See <er>Active</er>, <er>Auxiliary</er>, <er>Neuter</er>, etc.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>verbalis</ets>.  See <er>Verb</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Expressed in words, whether spoken or written, but commonly in spoken words; hence, spoken; oral; not written; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> contract; <ex>verbal</ex> testimony.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Made she no <qex>verbal</qex> question?</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We subjoin an engraving . . . which will give the reader a far better notion of the structure than any <qex>verbal</qex> description could convey to the mind.</q> <rj><qau>Mayhew.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Consisting in, or having to do with, words only; dealing with words rather than with the ideas intended to be conveyed; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> critic; a <ex>verbal</ex> change</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And loses, though but <qex>verbal</qex>, his reward.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Mere <qex>verbal</qex> refinements, instead of substantial knowledge.</q> <rj><qau>Whewell.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Having word answering to word; word for word; literal; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> translation</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>Abounding with words; verbose.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Gram.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to a verb; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> group</as>; derived directly from a verb; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> noun</as>; used in forming verbs; <as>as, a <ex>verbal</ex> prefix</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Verbal inspiration</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Inspiration</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Verbal noun</b></col> <fld>(Gram.)</fld>, <cd>a noun derived directly from a verb or verb stem; a verbal. The term is specifically applied to infinitives, and nouns ending in <xex>-ing</xex>, esp. to the latter.  See <er>Gerund</er>, and <er>-ing</er>, 2.  See also, <cref>Infinitive mood</cref>, under <er>Infinitive</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Gram.)</fld> <def>A noun derived from a verb.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Something expressed verbally; a verbal remark or expression.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A literal adherent to, or a minute critic of, words; a literalist.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*bal"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being verbal; mere words; bare literal expression.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;More <xex>verbality</xex> than matter.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`bal*i*za"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act of verbalizing, or the state of being verbalized.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ize</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Verbalized</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Verbalizing</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>verbaliser</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To convert into a verb; to verbify.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To express in words.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ize</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To be verbose.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>In a verbal manner; orally.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Word for word; verbatim.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to words; verbal.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Coleridge.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*an</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who coins words; a neologist.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Southey gives himself free scope as a <qex>verbarian</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Fitzed. Hall.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>verbum</ets> word.]</ety> <def>A game in word making.  See <er>Logomachy</er>, 2.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver*ba"tim</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[LL., fr. L. <ets>verbum</ets> word.]</ety> <def>Word for word; in the same words; verbally; <as>as, to tell a story <ex>verbatim</ex> as another has related it</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Verbatim et literatim</b></col> <ety>[LL.]</ety>, <cd>word for word, and letter for letter.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*be"na</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.  See <er>Vervain</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of herbaceous plants of which several species are extensively cultivated for the great beauty of their flowers; vervain.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Verbena, or vervain, was used by the Greeks, the Romans, and the Druids, in their sacred rites.  <rj><au>Brewer.</au></rj>
</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Essence of verbena</b></col>, <col><b>Oil of verbena</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a perfume prepared from the lemon verbena; also, a similar perfume properly called <altname>grass oil</altname>.  See <cref>Grass oil</cref>, under <er>Grass</er>.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Lemon verbena</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Sweet verbena</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a shrubby verbenaceous plant (<spn>Lippia citriodora</spn>), with narrow leaves which exhale a pleasant, lemonlike fragrance when crushed.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`be*na"ceous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to a natural order (<spn>Verbenace&aelig;</spn>) of gamopetalous plants of which Verbena is the type. The order includes also the black and white mangroves, and many plants noted for medicinal use or for beauty of bloom.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"be*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Verbenated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Verbenating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>verbenatus</ets> crowned with a wreath of sacred boughs.  See <er>Verbena</er>.]</ety> <def>To strew with verbena, or vervain, as in ancient sacrifices and rites.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ber*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verberatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>verberare</ets> to beat, from <ets>verber</ets> a lash, a whip.]</ety> <def>To beat; to strike.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;The sound . . . rebounds again and <xex>verberates</xex> the skies.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Mir. for Mag.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`ber*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verberatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>verb&eacute;ration</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of verberating; a beating or striking.</def>  <rj><au>Arbuthnot.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The impulse of a body, which causes sound.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bi*age</hw> <pr>(?; 48)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verbiage</ets>, from OF. <ets>verbe</ets> a word.  See <er>Verb</er>.]</ety> <def>The use of many words without necessity, or with little sense; a superabundance of words; verbosity; wordiness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Verbiage</qex> may indicate observation, but not thinking.</q> <rj><qau>W. Irving.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>This barren <qex>verbiage</qex> current among men.</q> <rj><qau>Tennyson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verb"i*fy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Verb</ets> + <ets>-fy</ets>.]</ety> <def>To make into a verb; to use as a verb; to verbalize.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Earle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*big"er*ate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos>  <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>verbigerated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>verbigerating</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>verbigerate</ets>, <ets>-atum</ets>, to talk.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To talk; chat.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>To repeat a word or sentence, in speaking or writing, without wishing to do so or in spite of efforts to cease.</def> -- <wordforms><wf>Ver*big`er*a"tion</wf> <pr>(#)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*bose"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verbosus</ets>, from <ets>verbum</ets> a word.  See <er>Verb</er>.]</ety> <def>Abounding in words; using or containing more words than are necessary; tedious by a multiplicity of words; prolix; wordy; <as>as, a <ex>verbose</ex> speaker; a <ex>verbose</ex> argument</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Too <qex>verbose</qex> in their way of speaking.</q> <rj><qau>Ayliffe.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ver*bose"ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ver*bose"ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*bos"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Verbosities</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>verbositas</ets>: cf. F. <ets>verbosit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being verbose; the use of more words than are necessary; prolixity; wordiness; verbiage.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The worst fault, by far, is the extreme diffuseness and <qex>verbosity</qex> of his style.</q> <rj><qau>Jeffrey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verd</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vert</er>, <er>Verdant</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Eng. Forest Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The privilege of cutting green wood within a forest for fuel.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The right of pasturing animals in a forest.</def>  <rj><au>Burrill.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Greenness; freshness.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Nares.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dan*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being verdant.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verdoyant</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>verdoyer</ets> to be verdant, to grow green, OF. <ets>verdoier</ets>, <ets>verdeier</ets>, fr. <ets>verd</ets>, <ets>vert</ets>, green, fr. L. <ets>viridis</ets> green, fr. <ets>virere</ets> to be green: cf. OF. <ets>verdant</ets> verdant, L. <ets>viridans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>viridare</ets> to make green.  Cf. <er>Farthingale</er>, <er>Verjuice</er>, <er>Vert</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Covered with growing plants or grass; green; fresh; flourishing; <as>as, <ex>verdant</ex> fields; a <ex>verdant</ex> lawn.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Let the earth<br/>
Put forth the <qex>verdant</qex> grass.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Unripe in knowledge or judgment; unsophisticated; raw; green; <as>as, a <ex>verdant</ex> youth</as>.</def>  <mark>[Colloq.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verd` an*tique"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[F. <ets>vert antique</ets> a kind of marble; <ets>verd</ets>, <ets>vert</ets>, green + <ets>antique</ets> ancient: cf. It. <ets>verde antico</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A mottled-green serpentine marble.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A green porphyry called <altname>oriental verd antique</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dant*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a verdant manner.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver"der*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ver"der*or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verdier</ets>, LL. <ets>viridarius</ets>, fr. L. <ets>viridis</ets> green.]</ety> <fld>(Eng. Forest Law)</fld> <def>An officer who has the charge of the king's forest, to preserve the vert and venison, keep the assizes, view, receive, and enroll attachments and presentments of all manner of trespasses.</def>  <rj><au>Blackstone.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dict</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>verdit</ets>, OF. <ets>verdit</ets>, <ets>veirdit</ets>, LL. <ets>verdictum</ets>, <ets>veredictum</ets>; L. <ets>vere</ets> truly (fr. <ets>verus</ets> true) + <ets>dictum</ets> a saying, a word, fr. <ets>dicere</ets>, dictum, to say.  See <er>Very</er>, and <er>Dictum</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>The answer of a jury given to the court concerning any matter of fact in any cause, civil or criminal, committed to their examination and determination; the finding or decision of a jury on the matter legally submitted to them in the course of the trial of a cause.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The decision of a judge or referee, upon an issue of fact, is not called a <xex>verdict</xex>, but a <xex>finding</xex>, or a <xex>finding of fact</xex>. <au>Abbott.</au></note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Decision; judgment; opinion pronounced; <as>as, to be condemned by the <ex>verdict</ex> of the public</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>These were enormities condemned by the most natural <qex>verdict</qex> of common humanity.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Two generations have since confirmed the <qex>verdict</qex> which was pronounced on that night.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*gris</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vert-de-gris</ets>, apparently from <ets>verd</ets>, <ets>vert</ets>, green + <ets>de</ets> of + <ets>gris</ets> gray, but really a corruption of LL. <ets>viride aeris</ets> (equivalent to L. <ets>aerugo</ets>), from L. <ets>viridis</ets> green + <ets>aes</ets>, <ets>aeris</ets>, brass.  See <er>Verdant</er>, and 2d <er>Ore</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A green poisonous substance used as a pigment and drug, obtained by the action of acetic acid on copper, and consisting essentially of a complex mixture of several basic copper acetates.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The green rust formed on copper.</def>  <mark>[Colloq.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This rust is a carbonate of copper, and should not be confounded with true verdigris.</note>  <rj><au>U. S. Disp.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Blue verdigris</b></col> <fld>(Chem.)</fld>, <cd>a verdigris having a blue color, used as a pigment, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Distilled verdigris</b></col> <fld>(Old Chem.)</fld>, <cd>an acid copper acetate; -- so called because the acetic acid used in making it was obtained from <ets>distilled</ets> vinegar.</cd> -- <col><b>Verdigris green</b></col>, <cd>clear bluish green, the color of verdigris.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*gris</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To cover, or coat, with verdigris.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;An old <xex>verdigrised</xex> brass bugle.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Hawthorne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"din</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. Sp. <ets>verdino</ets> bright green, F. <ets>verdin</ets> the yellow-hammer.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small yellow-headed bird (<spn>Auriparus flaviceps</spn>) of Lower California, allied to the titmice; -- called also <altname>goldtit</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verd</ets>, <ets>vert</ets>, green.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A commercial name for a green aniline dye.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"din*gale</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Farthingale</er>.</def>  <altsp>[Spelled also <asp>verdingall</asp>.]</altsp> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dit</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Verdict.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vert-de-terre</ets>, literally, green of earth.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Verdigris.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Either one of two pigments (called <stype>blue verditer</stype>, and <stype>green verditer</stype>) which are made by treating copper nitrate with calcium carbonate (in the form of lime, whiting, chalk, etc.) They consist of hydrated copper carbonates analogous to the minerals azurite and malachite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Verditer blue</b></col>, <cd>a pale greenish blue color, like that of the pigment verditer.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*ture</hw> <pr>(?; 135)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Verditer</er>.]</ety> <def>The faintest and palest green.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"doy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verdoyer</ets> to become green.  See <er>Verdant</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>Charged with leaves, fruits, flowers, etc.; -- said of a border.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dure</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., fr. L. <ets>viridis</ets> green.  See <er>Verdant</er>.]</ety> <def>Green; greenness; freshness of vegetation; <as>as, the <ex>verdure</ex> of the meadows in June</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A wide expanse of living <qex>verdure</qex>, cultivated gardens, shady groves, fertile cornfields, flowed round it like a sea.</q> <rj><qau>Motley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dured</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Covered with verdure.</def>  <rj><au>Poe.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dure*less</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Destitute of verdure.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dur*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Covered with verdure; clothed with the fresh green of vegetation; verdured; verdant; <as>as, <ex>verdurous</ex> pastures</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"e*cund</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verecundus</ets>, fr. <ets>vereri</ets> to feel awe.]</ety> <def>Bashful; modest.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`e*cun"di*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Verecund.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Verecundious</xex> generosity.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir H. Wotton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`e*cun"di*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being verecund; modesty.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver*ein"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[G.]</ety> <def>A union, association, or society; -- used in names of German organizations.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`e*til"lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., dim. of <ets>veretrum</ets> the private parts.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of club-shaped, compound Alcyonaria belonging to <gen>Veretillum</gen> and allied genera, of the tribe <fam>Pennatulacea</fam>.  The whole colony can move about as if it were a simple animal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver"ga*lieu</hw>, <hw>Ver"ga*loo</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"g&adot_;*l&oomacr_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Virgouleuse</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>See <er>Virgalieu</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verge</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rj)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verge</ets>, L. <ets>virga</ets>; perhaps akin to E. <ets>wisp</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A rod or staff, carried as an emblem of authority; <as>as, the <ex>verge</ex>, carried before a dean</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The stick or wand with which persons were formerly admitted tenants, they holding it in the hand, and swearing fealty to the lord. Such tenants were called <xex>tenants by the verge</xex>.</def>  <mark>[Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Eng. Law)</fld> <def>The compass of the court of Marshalsea and the Palace court, within which the lord steward and the marshal of the king's household had special jurisdiction; -- so called from the verge, or staff, which the marshal bore.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A virgate; a yardland.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>A border, limit, or boundary of a space; an edge, margin, or brink of something definite in extent.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Even though we go to the extreme <qex>verge</qex> of possibility to invent a supposition favorable to it, the theory . . . implies an absurdity.</q> <rj><qau>J. S. Mill.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>But on the horizon's <qex>verge</qex> descried,<br/>
Hangs, touched with light, one snowy sail.</q> <rj><qau>M. Arnold.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>A circumference; a circle; a ring.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The inclusive <qex>verge</qex><br/>
Of golden metal that must round my brow.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The shaft of a column, or a small ornamental shaft.</def>  <au>Oxf. Gloss.</au> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The edge of the tiling projecting over the gable of a roof.</def>  <rj><au>Encyc. Brit.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Horol.)</fld> <def>The spindle of a watch balance, especially one with pallets, as in the old vertical escapement.  See under <er>Escapement</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>9.</sn> <fld>(Hort.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The edge or outside of a bed or border.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A slip of grass adjoining gravel walks, and dividing them from the borders in a parterre.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>10.</sn> <def>The penis.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>11.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The external male organ of certain mollusks, worms, etc.  See <xex>Illustration</xex> in Appendix.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Border; edge; rim; brim; margin; brink.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1603 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verge</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rj)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Verged</conjf> <pr>(v&etilde_;rjd)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Verging</conjf> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"j&ibreve_;ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vergere</ets> to bend, turn, incline; cf. Skr. <ets>v&rsdot_;j</ets> to turn.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To border upon; to tend; to incline; to come near; to approach.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To tend downward; to bend; to slope; <as>as, a hill <ex>verges</ex> to the north</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Our soul, from original instinct, <qex>vergeth</qex> towards him as its center.</q> <rj><qau>Barrow.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I find myself <qex>verging</qex> to that period of life which is to be labor and sorrow.</q> <rj><qau>Swift.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verge"board`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Verge</ets> + <ets>board.</ets>  Cf. <er>Bargeboard</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>The ornament of woodwork upon the gable of a house, used extensively in the 15th century. It was generally suspended from the edge of the projecting roof (see <er>Verge</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 4), and in a position parallel to the gable wall. Called also <xex>bargeboard</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"gen*cy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of verging or approaching; tendency; approach.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Opt.)</fld> <def>The reciprocal of the focal distance of a lens, used as measure of the divergence or convergence of a pencil of rays.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Humphrey Lloyd.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ger</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>verger</ets>, from <ets>verge</ets> a rod.  See 1st <er>Verge</er>.]</ety> <def>One who carries a verge, or emblem of office.</def>  Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <def>An attendant upon a dignitary, as on a bishop, a dean, a justice, etc.</def>  <mark>[Eng.]</mark>  <rj><au>Strype.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>The official who takes care of the interior of a church building.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ger</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A garden or orchard.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`get`t&eacute;"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>verget&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>Divided by pallets, or pales; paly.</def>  <rj><au>W. Berry.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*gette"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>A small pale.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*rid"ic*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veridicus</ets>; <ets>verus</ets> true + <ets>dicere</ets> to say, tell.]</ety> <def>Truth-telling; truthful; veracious.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi`a*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Capable of being verified; confirmable.</def>  <rj><au>Bp. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;rification</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of verifying, or the state of being verified; confirmation; authentication.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Confirmation by evidence.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A formal phrase used in concluding a plea.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Verification of an equation</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>the operation of testing the equation of a problem, to see whether it expresses truly the conditions of the problem.</cd>  <rj><au>Davies &amp; Peck. (Math. Dict.)</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi*ca*tive</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Serving to verify; verifying; authenticating; confirming.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi`er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who, or that which, verifies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fy</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;r"&ibreve_;*f&imacr;)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Verified</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Verifying</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>v&eacute;rifier</ets>, LL. <ets>verificare</ets>, from L. <ets>verus</ets> true + <ets>-ficare</ets> to make.  See <er>Very</er>, and <ets>-fy</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To prove to be true or correct; to establish the truth of; to confirm; to substantiate.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This is <qex>verified</qex> by a number of examples.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>So shalt thou best fulfill, best <qex>verify</qex>.<br/>
The prophets old, who sung thy endless reign.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To confirm or establish the authenticity of by examination or competent evidence; to authenticate; <as>as, to <ex>verify</ex> a written statement; to <ex>verify</ex> an account, a pleading, or the like</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>To <qex>verify</qex> our title with their lives.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To maintain; to affirm; to support.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ril"o*quent</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verus</ets> true + <ets>loquens</ets> speaking.]</ety> <def>Speaking truth; truthful.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Very</er>.]</ety> <def>In very truth; beyond doubt or question; in fact; certainly.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Trust in the Lord and do good; so shalt thou dwell in the land, and <qex>verily</qex> thou shalt be fed.</q> <rj><qau>Ps. xxxvii. 3.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"ine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Contr. from <ets>ver</ets>atr<ets>ine</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>An alkaloid obtained as a yellow amorphous substance by the decomposition of veratrine.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`i*sim"i*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verisimilis</ets>; <ets>verus</ets> true + <ets>similis</ets> like, similar.  See <er>Very</er>, and <er>Similar</er>.]</ety> <def>Having the appearance of truth; probable; likely.</def>  &ldquo;How <xex>verisimilar</xex> it looks.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Carlyle.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`i*si*mil"i*tude</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verisimilitudo</ets>: cf. OF. <ets>verisimilitude</ets>.  See <er>Verisimilar</er>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being verisimilar; the appearance of truth; probability; likelihood.</def><br/>
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<p><q><qex>Verisimilitude</qex> and opinion are an easy purchase; but true knowledge is dear and difficult.</q> <rj><qau>Glanvill.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>All that gives <qex>verisimilitude</qex> to a narrative.</q> <rj><qau>Sir. W. Scott.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`i*si*mil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Verisimilitude.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>verisimility</qex> or probable truth.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`i*sim"i*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Verisimilar.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"i*ta*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>v&eacute;ritable</ets>.  See <er>Verity</er>.]</ety> <def>Agreeable to truth or to fact; actual; real; true; genuine.</def>  &ldquo;The <xex>veritable</xex> Deity.&rdquo; <au>Sir W. Hamilton.</au> -- <wordforms><wf>Ver"i*ta*bly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos></wordforms><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"i*tas</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;ritas</ets>.  See <er>Verity</er>.]</ety> <def>The Bureau Veritas.  See under <er>Bureau</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Verities</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[F. <ets>v&eacute;rit&eacute;</ets>, L. <ets>veritas</ets>, fr. <ets>verus</ets> true.  See <er>Very</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The quality or state of being true, or real; consonance of a statement, proposition, or other thing, with fact; truth; reality.</def>  &ldquo;The <xex>verity</xex> of certain words.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>It is a proposition of eternal <qex>verity</qex>, that none can govern while he is despised.</q> <rj><qau>South.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>That which is true; a true assertion or tenet; a truth; a reality.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Mark what I say, which you shall find<br/>
By every syllable a faithful <qex>verity</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"juice`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vergeous</ets>, F. <ets>verjus</ets>, that is, the juice of green fruits; <ets>verd</ets>, <ets>vert</ets>, green + <ets>jus</ets> juice.  See <er>Verdant</er>, and <er>Juice</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The sour juice of crab apples, of green or unripe grapes, apples, etc.; also, an acid liquor made from such juice.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Tartness; sourness, as of disposition.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"meil</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., vermilion, fr. LL. <ets>vermiculus</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vermiculus</ets> a little worm, the coccus Indicus, from <ets>vermis</ets> a worm.  See <er>Worm</er>, and cf. <er>Vermicule</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Vermilion; also, the color of vermilion, a bright, beautiful red.</def>  <mark>[Poetic &amp; R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>In her cheeks the <qex>vermeill</qex> red did show<br/>
Like roses in a bed of lilies shed.</q> <rj><qau>Spenser.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Silver gilt or gilt bronze.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A liquid composition applied to a gilded surface to give luster to the gold.</def>  <rj><au>Knight.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`me*ol"o*gist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who treats of vermes, or worms; a helminthologist.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`me*ol"o*gy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermes</ets> worms + <ets>-logy</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A discourse or treatise on worms; that part of zo&ouml;logy which treats of worms; helminthology.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver"mes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermes</ets>, pl. of <ets>vermis</ets> a worm.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>An extensive artificial division of the animal kingdom, including the parasitic worms, or helminths, together with the nemerteans, annelids, and allied groups. By some writers the branchiopods, the bryzoans, and the tunicates are also included. The name was used in a still wider sense by Linn&aelig;us and his followers.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A more restricted group, comprising only the helminths and closely allied orders.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"me*tid</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any species of vermetus.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver*me"tus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., from L. <ets>vermis</ets> worm.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of many species of marine gastropods belonging to <gen>Vermetus</gen> and allied genera, of the family <fam>Vermetid&aelig;</fam>. Their shells are regularly spiral when young, but later in life the whorls become separate, and the shell is often irregularly bent and contorted like a worm tube.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`mi*cel"li</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It., pl. of <ets>vermicello</ets>, literally, a little worm, dim. of <ets>verme</ets> a worm, L. <ets>vermis</ets>.  See <er>Worm</er>, and cf. <er>Vermicule</er>, <er>Vermeil</er>.]</ety> <def>The flour of a hard and small-grained wheat made into dough, and forced through small cylinders or pipes till it takes a slender, wormlike form, whence the Italian name. When the paste is made in larger tubes, it is called <xex>macaroni</xex>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*cide</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm + <ets>caedere</ets> to kill.]</ety> <def>A medicine which destroys intestinal worms; a worm killer.</def>  <rj><au>Pereira.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mi"cious</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to worms; wormy.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculus</ets> a little worm, dim. of <ets>vermis</ets> a worm: cf. F. <ets>vermiculaire</ets>.  See <er>Vermicelli</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a worm or worms; resembling a worm; shaped like a worm; especially, resembling the motion or track of a worm; <as>as, the <ex>vermicular</ex>, or peristaltic, motion of the intestines</as>.  See <er>Peristaltic</er>.</def>  &ldquo;A twisted form <xex>vermicular</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Cowper.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vermicular work</b></col>.  <cd>See under <er>Vermiculated</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vermiculated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vermiculating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculatus</ets> inlaid so as to resemble the tracks of worms, p. p. of <ets>vermiculari</ets> to be full of worms, <ets>vermiculus</ets> a little worm.  See <er>Vermicular</er>.]</ety> <def>To form or work, as by inlaying, with irregular lines or impressions resembling the tracks of worms, or appearing as if formed by the motion of worms.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Wormlike in shape; covered with wormlike elevations; marked with irregular fine lines of color, or with irregular wavy impressed lines like worm tracks; <as>as, a <ex>vermiculate</ex> nut</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Crawling or creeping like a worm; hence, insinuating; sophistical.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Vermiculate</xex> questions.&rdquo; <au>Bacon.</au> &ldquo;<xex>Vermiculate</xex> logic.&rdquo; <au>R. Choate.</au><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*la`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Made or marked with irregular wavy lines or impressions; vermiculate.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Vermiculated work</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Vermicular work</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Arch.)</fld>, <cd>rustic work so wrought as to have the appearance of convoluted worms, or of having been eaten into by, or covered with tracks of, worms.</cd>  <rj><au>Gwilt.</au></rj></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculatio</ets> a being worm-eaten.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act or operation of moving in the manner of a worm; continuation of motion from one part to another; <as>as, the <ex>vermiculation</ex>, or peristaltic motion, of the intestines</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The act of vermiculating, or forming or inlaying so as to resemble the motion, track, or work of a worm.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Penetration by worms; the state of being wormeaten.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A very fine wavy crosswise color marking, or a patch of such markings, as on the feathers of birds.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*cule</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculus</ets>, dim. of <ets>vermis</ets> a worm.  See <er>Vermicular</er>.]</ety> <def>A small worm or insect larva; also, a wormlike body.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Derham.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*lite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculus</ets>, dim. of <ets>vermis</ets> worm.]</ety> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A group of minerals having, a micaceous structure. They are hydrous silicates, derived generally from the alteration of some kind of mica. So called because the scales, when heated, open out into wormlike forms.</def><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver*mic"u*lose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ver*mic"u*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermiculosus</ets>.  See <er>Vermicule</er>.]</ety> <def>Containing, or full of, worms; resembling worms.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Resembling a worm in form or motions; vermicular; <as>as, the <ex>vermiform</ex> process of the cerebellum</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vermiform appendix</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>a slender blind process of the c&aelig;cum in man and some other animals; -- called also <altname>vermiform appendage</altname>, and <altname>vermiform process</altname>.  Small solid bodies, such as grape seeds or cherry stones, sometimes lodge in it, causing serious, or even fatal, inflammation.  See <xex>Illust.</xex> under <er>Digestion</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`mi*for"mi*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A tribe of worms including Phoronis.  See <er>Phoronis</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mif"u*gal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm + <ets>fugare</ets> to drive away, fr. <ets>fugere</ets> to flee.  See <er>Worm</er>, and <er>Fugitive</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Tending to prevent, destroy, or expel, worms or vermin; anthelmintic.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*fuge</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vermifuge</ets>.  See <er>Vermifugal</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A medicine or substance that expels worms from animal bodies; an anthelmintic.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mil</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Vermeil</er>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`mi*lin"gui*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>vermis</ets> worm + <ets>lingua</ets> tongue.]</ety> [Called also <altname>Vermilingues</altname>.] <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A tribe of edentates comprising the South American ant-eaters. The tongue is long, slender, exsertile, and very flexible, whence the name.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A tribe of Old World lizards which comprises the chameleon. They have long, flexible tongues.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mil"ion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vermillon</ets>.  See <er>Vermeil</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A bright red pigment consisting of mercuric sulphide, obtained either from the mineral cinnabar or artificially. It has a fine red color, and is much used in coloring sealing wax, in printing, etc.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The kermes insect has long been used for dyeing red or scarlet. It was formerly known as the <xex>worm dye</xex>, <xex>vermiculus</xex>, or <xex>vermiculum</xex>, and the cloth was called <xex>vermiculatia</xex>. Hence came the French <xex>vermeil</xex> for any red dye, and hence the modern name <xex>vermilion</xex>, although the substance it denotes is very different from the kermes, being a compound of mercury and sulphur.</note>  <rj><au>R. Hunt.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Hence, a red color like the pigment; a lively and brilliant red; <as>as, cheeks of <ex>vermilion</ex></as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mil"ion</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To color with vermilion, or as if with vermilion; to dye red; to cover with a delicate red.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Vermeil.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"min</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. sing. &amp; pl.</pos>; used chiefly as plural. <ety>[OE. <ets>vermine</ets>, F. <ets>vermine</ets>, from L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm; cf. LL. <ets>vermen</ets> a worm, L. <ets>verminosus</ets> full of worms.  See <er>Vermicular</er>, <er>Worm</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>An animal, in general.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>Wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts of the earth, and <qex>vermin</qex>, and worms, and fowls.</q> <rj><qau>Acts x. 12. (Geneva Bible).</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>This crocodile is a mischievous fourfooted beast, a dangerous <qex>vermin</qex>, used to both elements.</q> <rj><qau>Holland.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A noxious or mischievous animal; especially, noxious little animals or insects, collectively, as squirrels, rats, mice, worms, flies, lice, bugs, etc.</def>  &ldquo;Cruel hounds or some foul <xex>vermin</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Great injuries these <qex>vermin</qex>, mice and rats, do in the field.</q> <rj><qau>Mortimer.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>They disdain such <qex>vermin</qex> when the mighty boar of the forest . . . is before them.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Hence, in contempt, noxious human beings.</def><br/>
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<p><q>You are my prisoners, base <qex>vermin</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Hudibras.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"mi*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verminare</ets> to have worms, fr. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm.]</ety> <def>To breed vermin.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`mi*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verminatio</ets> the worms, a disease of animals, a crawling, itching pain.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The generation or breeding of vermin.</def>  <rj><au>Derham.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A griping of the bowels.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"min*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a. &amp; adv.</pos> <def>Resembling vermin; in the manner of vermin.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Gauden.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"min*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verminosus</ets>, fr. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm: cf. F. <ets>vermineux</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Tending to breed vermin; infested by vermin.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Some . . . <qex>verminous</qex> disposition of the body.</q> <rj><qau>Harvey.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Caused by, or arising from the presence of, vermin; <as>as, <ex>verminous</ex> disease</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"min*ous*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a verminous manner.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*mip"a*rous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm + <ets>parere</ets> to bring forth.]</ety> <def>Producing or breeding worms.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Vermiparous</xex> animals.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*miv"o*rous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vermis</ets> a worm + <ets>vorare</ets> to devour: cf. F. <ets>vermivore</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Devouring worms; feeding on worms; <as>as, <ex>vermivorous</ex> birds</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"muth</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vermout</ets>.]</ety> <def>A liqueur made of white wine, absinthe, and various aromatic drugs, used to excite the appetite.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>vermouth</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"na*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Veronica</er>, 1.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernaculus</ets> born in one's house, native, fr. <ets>verna</ets> a slave born in his master's house, a native, probably akin to Skr. <ets>vas</ets> to dwell, E. <ets>was</ets>.]</ety> <def>Belonging to the country of one's birth; one's own by birth or nature; native; indigenous; -- now used chiefly of language; <as>as, English is our <ex>vernacular</ex> language</as>.</def>  &ldquo;A <xex>vernacular</xex> disease.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Harvey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>His skill in the <qex>vernacular</qex> dialect of the Celtic tongue.</q> <rj><qau>Fuller.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Which in our <qex>vernacular</qex> idiom may be thus interpreted.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The vernacular language; one's mother tongue; often, the common forms of expression in a particular locality, opposed to <contr>literary</contr> or <contr>learned</contr> forms.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*ism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vernacular idiom.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The act or process of making vernacular, or the state of being made vernacular.</def>  <rj><au>Fitzed. Hall.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vernacular manner; in the vernacular.</def>  <rj><au>Earle.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernaculus</ets>.  See <er>Vernacular</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Vernacular.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <ety>[L. <ets>vernaculi</ets>, pl., buffoons, jesters.]</ety> <def>Scoffing; scurrilous.</def>  <mark>[A Latinism. Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Subject to the petulancy of every <xex>vernaculous</xex> orator.&rdquo;  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nage</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"n&auptack_;j)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>vernaccia</ets>.]</ety> <def>A kind of sweet wine from Italy.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>ver"nal</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"n&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernalis</ets>, fr. <ets>vernus</ets> vernal, <ets>ver</ets> spring; akin to Gr. <grk>'e`ar</grk>, Skr. <ets>vasanta</ets>, Icel. <ets>v&amacr;r</ets>, and E. <ets>Easter</ets>, <ets>east</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spring; appearing in the spring; <as>as, <ex>vernal</ex> bloom</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And purple all the ground with <qex>vernal</qex> flowers.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Fig.: Belonging to youth, the spring of life.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>When after the long <qex>vernal</qex> day of life.</q> <rj><qau>Thomson.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>And seems it hard thy <qex>vernal</qex> years<br/>
Few <qex>vernal</qex> joys can show?</q> <rj><qau>Keble.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1604 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vernal equinox</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>the point of time in each year when the sun crosses the equator when proceeding northward, about March 21, when day and night are of approximately equal duration.  The beginning of the Spring season.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernal grass</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a low, soft grass (<spn>Anthoxanthum odoratum</spn>), producing in the spring narrow spikelike panicles, and noted for the delicious fragrance which it gives to new-mown hay; -- also called <altname>sweet vernal grass</altname>.  See <xex>Illust.</xex> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernal signs</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>the signs, Aries, Taurus, and Gemini, in which the sun appears between the vernal equinox and summer solstice.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nant</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"n&aitalic_;nt)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernans</ets>, p. pr. <ets>vernare</ets> to flourish, from <ets>ver</ets> spring.]</ety> <def>Flourishing, as in spring; vernal.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;<xex>Vernant</xex> flowers.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vernant</er>.]</ety> <def>To become young again.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*na"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vernation</ets>: cf. L. <ets>vernatio</ets> the sloughing of the skin of snakes.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The arrangement of the leaves within the leaf bud, as regards their folding, coiling, rolling, etc.; prefoliation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ner's law</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Philol.)</fld> <def>A statement, propounded by the Danish philologist <person>Karl Verner</person> in 1875, which explains certain apparent exceptions to Grimm's law by the original position of the accent.  Primitive Indo-European <xex>k</xex>, <xex>t</xex>, <xex>p</xex>, became first in Teutonic <xex>h</xex>, <xex>th</xex>, <xex>f</xex>, and appear without further change in old Teutonic, if the accent rested on the preceding syllable; but these sounds became voiced and produced <xex>g</xex>, <xex>d</xex>, <xex>b</xex>, if the accent was originally on a different syllable. Similarly <xex>s</xex> either remained unchanged, or it became <xex>z</xex> and later <xex>r</xex>. Example: Skt. sa<it>p</it>t&amacr; (accent on ultima), Gr. <grk>'e`pta</grk>, Gothic si<it>b</it>un (seven). Examples in English are <xex>dead</xex> by the side of <xex>death</xex>, to <xex>rise</xex> and to <xex>rear</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A Veronica.  See <er>Veronica</er>, 1.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Piers Plowman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>A <qex>vernicle</qex> had he sowed upon his cap.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*cose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Varnish</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Having a brilliantly polished surface, as some leaves.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[So named after the inventor, Pierre <etsep>Vernier</etsep>.]</ety> <def>A short scale made to slide along the divisions of a graduated instrument, as the limb of a sextant, or the scale of a barometer, for indicating parts of divisions. It is so graduated that a certain convenient number of its divisions are just equal to a certain number, either one less or one more, of the divisions of the instrument, so that parts of a division are determined by observing what line on the vernier coincides with a line on the instrument.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Vernier calipers</b></col>, <col><b>Vernier gauge</b></col></mcol>, <cd>a gauge with a graduated bar and a sliding jaw bearing a vernier, used for accurate measurements.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernier compass</b></col>, <cd>a surveyor's compass with a vernier for the accurate adjustment of the zero point in accordance with magnetic variation.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernier transit</b></col>, <cd>a surveyor's transit instrument with a vernier compass.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nile</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernilis</ets> servile.  See <er>Vernacular</er>.]</ety> <def>Suiting a slave; servile; obsequious.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The example . . . of <qex>vernile</qex> scurrility.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vernilitas</ets>.]</ety> <def>Fawning or obsequious behavior; servility.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bailey.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vern</ets>al + <ets>-ine</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>An alkaloid extracted from the shoots of the vetch, red clover, etc., as a white crystalline substance.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"nish</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. &amp; v.</pos> <def>Varnish.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"no*nin</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A glucoside extracted from the root of a South African plant of the genus <gen>Vernonia</gen>, as a deliquescent powder, and used as a mild heart tonic.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`o*nese"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[It. <ets>Veronese</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to Verona, in Italy.</def>  -- <def2><pos>n. sing. &amp; pl.</pos>  <def>A native of Verona; collectively, the people of Verona.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*ron"i*ca</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[LL.; -- so called from <ets>Veronica</ets>, a woman who, according to an old legend, as Christ was carrying the cross, wiped his face with a cloth, which received an impression of his countenance; <ets>Veronica</ets> is fr. MGr. <grk>Beroni`kh</grk>, fr. Macedonian <grk>Bereni`kh</grk>, for Gr. <grk>Fereni`kh</grk>, literally, carrying off victory, victorious.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A portrait or representation of the face of our Savior on the alleged handkerchief of Saint Veronica, preserved at Rome; hence, a representation of this portrait, or any similar representation of the face of the Savior.  Formerly called also <altname>Vernacle</altname>, and <altname>Vernicle</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A genus of scrophulariaceous plants; the speedwell.  See <er>Speedwell</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Several herbaceous species are common in both Europe and America, most of which have small blue flowers. A few shrubby species from New Zealand are sometimes found in cultivation.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ray</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Very; true.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ray*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>veraiement</ets>.  See <er>Very</er>.]</ety> <def>Verily; truly.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"rel</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Ferrule</er>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ric"u*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verriculum</ets> a net, seine.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Having thickset tufts of parallel hairs, bristles, or branches.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver*ru"ca</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu>pl. <plw>Verruc&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr></plu>. <ety>[L. Cf. <er>Verrugas</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A wart.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A wartlike elevation or roughness.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ru"ci*form</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verruca</ets> wart + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Shaped like a wart or warts.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ru*cose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verrucosus</ets>, fr. <ets>verruca</ets> a wart.]</ety> <def>Covered with wartlike elevations; tuberculate; warty; verrucous; <as>as, a <ex>verrucose</ex> capsule</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ru*cous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Verrucose.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ru"cu*lose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verrucula</ets>, dim. of <ets>verruca</ets> a wart.]</ety> <def>Minutely verrucose; <as>as, a <ex>verruculose</ex> leaf or stalk</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver*ru"gas</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Sp., warts. Cf. <er>Verruca</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>An endemic disease occurring in the Andes in Peru, characterized by warty tumors which ulcerate and bleed. It is probably due to a special bacillus, and is often fatal.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vers</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. sing. &amp; pl.</pos> <def>A verse or verses.  See <er>Verse</er>, <pos>n.</pos></def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> &ldquo;Ten <xex>vers</xex> or twelve.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`sa*bil"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being versable.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sterne</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versabilis</ets>: cf. F. <ets>versable</ets>.  See <er>Versatile</er>.]</ety> <def>Capable of being turned.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Versability.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Universal.</def>  <mark>[Obs. or Colloq.]</mark>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versans</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>versare</ets> to turn about frequently, to turn over in the mind, to meditate.  See <er>Versatile</er>.]</ety> <def>Familiar; conversant.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Men not <qex>versant</qex> with courts of justice.</q> <rj><qau>Sydney Smith.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sant</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>The slope of a side of a mountain chain; hence, the general slope of a country; aspect.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*tile</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versatilis</ets>, fr. <ets>versare</ets> to turn around, v. freq. of <ets>vertere</ets>: cf. F. <ets>versatile</ets>.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Capable of being turned round.</def>  <rj><au>Harte.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Liable to be turned in opinion; changeable; variable; unsteady; inconstant; <as>as, a <ex>versatile</ex> disposition</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Turning with ease from one thing to another; readily applied to a new task, or to various subjects; many-sided; <as>as, <ex>versatile</ex> genius; a <ex>versatile</ex> politician</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Conspicuous among the youths of high promise . . . was the quick and <qex>versatile</qex> [Charles] Montagu.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Nat. Hist.)</fld> <def>Capable of turning; freely movable; <as>as, a <ex>versatile</ex> anther, which is fixed at one point to the filament, and hence is very easily turned around; a <ex>versatile</ex> toe of a bird.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ver"sa*tile*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- -- <wf>Ver"sa*tile*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`sa*til"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>versatilit&eacute;</ets>.]</ety> <def>The quality or state of being versatile; versatileness.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vers` de so`ci&eacute;`t&eacute;"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>See <cref>Society verses</cref>, under <er>Society</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rs)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vers</ets>, AS. <ets>fers</ets>, L. <ets>versus</ets> a line in writing, and, in poetry, a verse, from <ets>vertere</ets>, <ets>versum</ets>, to turn, to turn round; akin to E. <ets>worth</ets> to become: cf. F. <ets>vers</ets>.  See <er>Worth</er> to become, and cf. <er>Advertise</er>, <er>Averse</er>, <er>Controversy</er>, <er>Convert</er>, <er>Divers</er>, <er>Invert</er>, <er>Obverse</er>, <er>Prose</er>, <er>Suzerain</er>, <er>Vortex</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A line consisting of a certain number of metrical feet (see <er>Foot</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, 9) disposed according to metrical rules.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Verses are of various kinds, as <stype>hexameter</stype>, <stype>pentameter</stype>, <stype>tetrameter</stype>, etc., according to the number of feet in each.  A verse of twelve syllables is called an <stype>Alexandrine</stype>.  Two or more verses form a <partof>stanza</partof> or <partof>strophe</partof>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Metrical arrangement and language; that which is composed in metrical form; versification; poetry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Such prompt eloquence<br/>
Flowed from their lips in prose or numerous <qex>verse</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Virtue was taught in <qex>verse</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q><qex>Verse</qex> embalms virtue.</q> <rj><qau>Donne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A short division of any composition.</def>  Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <def>A stanza; a stave; <as>as, a hymn of four <ex>verses</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; Although this use of <xex>verse</xex> is common, it is objectionable, because not always distinguishable from the stricter use in the sense of a line.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Script.)</fld> <def>One of the short divisions of the chapters in the Old and New Testaments.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The author of the division of the Old Testament into <xex>verses</xex> is not ascertained. The New Testament was divided into <xex>verses</xex> by Robert Stephens [or <xex>Estienne</xex>], a French printer. This arrangement appeared for the first time in an edition printed at Geneva, in 1551.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Mus.)</fld> <def>A portion of an anthem to be performed by a single voice to each part.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A piece of poetry.</def>  &ldquo;This <xex>verse</xex> be thine.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Pope.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Blank verse</b></col>, <cd>poetry in which the lines do not end in rhymes.</cd> -- <col><b>Heroic verse</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Heroic</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Versed</conjf> <pr>(v&etilde_;rst)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Versing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To tell in verse, or poetry.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Playing on pipes of corn and <qex>versing</qex> love.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To make verses; to versify.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><q>It is not rhyming and <qex>versing</qex> that maketh a poet.</q> <rj><qau>Sir P. Sidney.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Versed</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rst)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vers&eacute;</ets>, L. <ets>versatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>versari</ets> to turn about frequently, to turn over, to be engaged in a thing, passive of <ets>versare</ets>.  See <er>Versant</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <def>Acquainted or familiar, as the result of experience, study, practice, etc.; skilled; practiced; knowledgeable; expert.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Deep <qex>versed</qex> in books and shallow in himself.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>Opinions . . . derived from studying the Scriptures, wherein he was <qex>versed</qex> beyond any person of his age.</q> <rj><qau>Southey.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><q>These men were <qex>versed</qex> in the details of business.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Versed</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versus</ets> turned, p. p. <ets>vertere</ets>.  See 1st <er>Versed</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>Turned.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Versed sine</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Sine</er>, and <xex>Illust.</xex> of <er>Functions</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Verse"man</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rs"m&aitalic_;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Versemonger</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Prior.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Verse"mon`ger</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rs"m&ubreve;&nsmacr_;`g&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A writer of verses; especially, a writer of commonplace poetry; a poetaster; a rhymer; -- used humorously or in contempt.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Vers"er</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rs"&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A versifier.</def>  <rj><au>B. Jonson.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Vers"et</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;rs"&ebreve_;t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>A verse.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"si*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versiculus</ets>, dim. of <ets>versus</ets>.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety> <def>A little verse; especially, a short verse or text said or sung in public worship by the priest or minister, and followed by a response from the people.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The psalms were in number fifteen, . . . being digested into <qex>versicles</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Strype.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver"si*col`or</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ver"si*col`ored</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versicolor</ets>; <ets>versare</ets> to change + <ets>color</ets> color.]</ety> <def>Having various colors; changeable in color.</def>  &ldquo;<xex>Versicolor</xex>, sweet-smelling flowers.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Burton.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*sic"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Versicle</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to verses; designating distinct divisions of a writing.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versificatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>versification</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act, art, or practice, of versifying, or making verses; the construction of poetry; metrical composition.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"si*fi*ca`tor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <def>A versifier.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark> &ldquo;The best <xex>versificator</xex> next Virgil.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"si*fi`er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who versifies, or makes verses; <as>as, not every <ex>versifier</ex> is a poet</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Dryden.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>One who converts into verse; one who expresses in verse the ideas of another written in prose; <as>as, Dr</as>. Watts was a <xex>versifier</xex> of the Psalms.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"si*fy</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Versified</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Versifying</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>.]</vmorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>versifien</ets>, F. <ets>versifier</ets>, L. <ets>versificare</ets>; <ets>versus</ets> a verse + <ets>-ficare</ets> to make.  See <er>Verse</er>, and <er>-fy</er>.]</ety> <def>To make verses.</def><br/>
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<p><q>I'll <qex>versify</qex> in spite, and do my best.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"si*fy</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To relate or describe in verse; to compose in verse.</def><br/>
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<p><q>I'll <qex>versify</qex> the truth, not poetize.</q> <rj><qau>Daniel.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To turn into verse; to render into metrical form; <as>as, to <ex>versify</ex> the Psalms</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"sion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., from L. <ets>vertere</ets>, <ets>versum</ets>, to turn, to change, to translate.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A change of form, direction, or the like; transformation; conversion; turning.</def><br/>
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<p><q>The <qex>version</qex> of air into water.</q> <rj><qau>Bacon.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A condition of the uterus in which its axis is deflected from its normal position without being bent upon itself.  See <er>Anteversion</er>, and <er>Retroversion</er>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>The act of translating, or rendering, from one language into another language.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A translation; that which is rendered from another language; <as>as, the Common, or Authorized, <ex>Version</ex> of the Scriptures (see under <er>Authorized</er>); the Septuagint <ex>Version</ex> of the Old Testament</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>An account or description from a particular point of view, especially as contrasted with another account; <as>as, he gave another <ex>version</ex> of the affair</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"sion*ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who makes or favors a version; a translator.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"so</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vertere</ets> to turn: cf. F. <ets>verso</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Print.)</fld> <def>The reverse, or left-hand, page of a book or a folded sheet of paper; -- opposed to <ant>recto</ant>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"sor</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>vertere</ets>, <ets>versus</ets>, to turn.  See <er>Version</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Geom.)</fld> <def>The turning factor of a quaternion.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The change of one vector into another is considered in quaternions as made up of two operations; 1st, the rotation of the first vector so that it shall be parallel to the second; 2d, the change of length so that the first vector shall be equal to the second. That which expresses in amount and kind the first operation is a <xex>versor</xex>, and is denoted geometrically by a line at right angles to the plane in which the rotation takes place, the length of this line being proportioned to the amount of rotation. That which expresses the second operation is a <xex>tensor</xex>. The product of the versor and tensor expresses the total operation, and is called a <xex>quaternion</xex>.  See <er>Quaternion</er>.</note><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Quadrantal versor</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Quadrantal</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Verst</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Russ. <ets>versta</ets>: cf. F. <ets>verste</ets>.]</ety> <def>A Russian measure of length containing 3,500 English feet.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>werst</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"su*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a verse.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver"sus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>prep.</pos> <ety>[L., toward, turned in the direction of, from <ets>vertere</ets>, <ets>versum</ets>, to turn.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety> <def>Against; <as>as, John Doe <ex>versus</ex> Richard Roe</as>; -- chiefly used in legal language, and abbreviated to <abbr>v.</abbr> or <abbr>vs.</abbr></def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver*sute"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>versutus</ets>, fr. <ets>vertere</ets>, <ets>versum</ets>, to turn.]</ety> <def>Crafty; wily; cunning; artful.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Vert</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., green, from L. <ets>viridis</ets>.  See <er>Verdant</er>, and cf. <er>Verd</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Eng. Forest Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Everything that grows, and bears a green leaf, within the forest; <as>as, to preserve <ex>vert</ex> and venison is the duty of the verderer</as>.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The right or privilege of cutting growing wood.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Her.)</fld> <def>The color green, represented in a drawing or engraving by parallel lines sloping downward toward the right.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*ber</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"t&euptack_;*b&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A vertebra.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver"te*bra</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"t&euptack_;*br&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vertebr&aelig;</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>vertebra</ets>, fr. <ets>vertere</ets> to turn, change.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>One of the serial segments of the spinal column.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; In many fishes the <xex>vertebr&aelig;</xex> are simple cartilaginous disks or short cylinders, but in the higher vertebrates they are composed of many parts, and the vertebr&aelig; in different portions of the same column vary very greatly. A well-developed vertebra usually consists of a more or less cylindrical and solid body, or <xex>centrum</xex>, which is surmounted dorsally by an arch, leaving an opening which forms a part of the canal containing the spinal cord. From this dorsal, or neural, arch spring various processes, or <xex>apophyses</xex>, which have received special names: a dorsal, or neural, spine, <xex>spinous process</xex>, or <xex>neurapophysis</xex>, on the middle of the arch; two anterior and two posterior <xex>articular processes</xex>, or <xex>zygapophyses</xex>; and one or two <xex>transverse processes</xex> on each side. In those vertebr&aelig; which bear well-developed ribs, a tubercle near the end of the rib articulates at a <xex>tubercular facet</xex> on the transverse process (<xex>diapophysis</xex>), while the end, or head, of the rib articulates at a more ventral <xex>capitular facet</xex> which is sometimes developed into a second, or ventral, transverse process (<xex>parapophysis</xex>). In vertebrates with well-developed hind limbs, the spinal column is divided into five regions in each of which the vertebr&aelig; are specially designated: those vertebr&aelig; in front of, or anterior to, the first vertebra which bears ribs connected with the sternum are <xex>cervical</xex>; all those which bear ribs and are back of the cervicals are <xex>dorsal</xex>; the one or more directly supporting the pelvis are sacral and form the sacrum; those between the sacral and dorsal are <xex>lumbar</xex>; and all those back of the sacral are <xex>caudal</xex>, or <xex>coccygeal</xex>. In man there are seven cervical vertebr&aelig;, twelve dorsal, five lumbar, five sacral, and usually four, but sometimes five and rarely three, coccygeal.</note><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the central ossicles in each joint of the arms of an ophiuran.</def><br/>
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<p><!-- p. 1605 pr=PI --><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bral</hw> <pr>(v&etilde_;r"t&euptack_;*br&aitalic_;l)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vert&eacute;bral</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to a vertebra, vertebr&aelig;, or the vertebral column; spinal; rachidian.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Vertebrate.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bral</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A vertebrate.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bral*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>At or within a vertebra or vertebr&aelig;; -- distinguished from <xex>interverterbrally</xex>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver`te*brar*te"ri*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to a vertebra or vertebr&aelig; and an artery; -- said of the foramina in the transverse processes of cervical vertebr&aelig; and of the canal which they form for the vertebral artery and vein.</def><br/>
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<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`te*bra"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom, comprising all animals that have a backbone composed of bony or cartilaginous vertebr&aelig;, together with Amphioxus in which the backbone is represented by a simple undivided notochord. The Vertebrata always have a dorsal, or neural, cavity above the notochord or backbone, and a ventral, or visceral, cavity below it. The subdivisions or classes of Vertebrata are Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, Pisces, Marsipobranchia, and Leptocardia.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*brate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>One of the Vertebrata.</def><br/>
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<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver"te*brate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ver"te*bra`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vertebratus</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Having a backbone, or vertebral column, containing the spinal marrow, as man, quadrupeds, birds, amphibia, and fishes.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Contracted at intervals, so as to resemble the spine in animals.</def>  <rj><au>Henslow.</au></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Having movable joints resembling vertebr&aelig;; -- said of the arms of ophiurans.</def><br/>
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<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vertebrata; -- used only in the form <ex>vertebrate</ex>.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bre</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A vertebra.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bro-</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate <xex>connection with</xex>, or <xex>relation to</xex>, <xex>a vertebra</xex>, <xex>vertebr&aelig;</xex>, or <xex>the vertebral column</xex>; as in <ex>vertebro</ex>costal.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"te*bro-il"i*ac</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Iliolumbar.</def><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"tex</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Vertexes</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>, L. <plw>Vertices</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>vertex</ets>, <ets>-icis</ets>, a whirl, top of the head, top, summit, from <ets>vertere</ets> to turn.  See <er>Verse</er>, and cf. <er>Vortex</er>.]</ety> <def>A turning point; the principal or highest point; top; summit; crown; apex.</def>  Specifically: --<br/>
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<p><sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>The top, or crown, of the head.</def><br/>
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<p><sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <def>The zenith, or the point of the heavens directly overhead.</def><br/>
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<p><sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>The point in any figure opposite to, and farthest from, the base; the terminating point of some particular line or lines in a figure or a curve; the top, or the point opposite the base.</def><br/>
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<p><note>&hand_; The <xex>principal vertex</xex> of a conic section is, in the parabola, the vertex of the axis of the curve: in the ellipse, either extremity of either axis, but usually the left-hand vertex of the transverse axis; in the hyperbola, either vertex, but usually the right-hand vertex of the transverse axis.</note><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vertex of a curve</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>the point in which the axis of the curve intersects it.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertex of an angle</b></col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>the point in which the sides of the angle meet.</cd> -- <mcol><col><b>Vertex of a solid</b></col>, <it>or</it> <col><b>Vertex of a surface of revolution</b></col></mcol> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>the point in which the axis pierces the surface.</cd></cs><br/>
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<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>vertical</ets>.  See <er>Vertex</er>.]</ety><br/>
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<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the vertex; situated at the vertex, or highest point; directly overhead, or in the zenith; perpendicularly above one.</def><br/>
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<p><q>Charity . . . is the <qex>vertical</qex> top of all religion.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
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<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Perpendicular to the plane of the horizon; upright; plumb; <as>as, a <ex>vertical</ex> line</as>.</def><br/>
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<p><cs><col><b>Vertical angle</b></col> <fld>(Astron. &amp; Geod.)</fld>, <cd>an angle measured on a vertical circle, called an angle of <xex>elevation</xex>, or <xex>altitude</xex>, when reckoned from the horizon upward, and of <xex>depression</xex> when downward below the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical anthers</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>such anthers as stand erect at the top of the filaments.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical circle</b></col> <fld>(Astron.)</fld>, <cd>an azimuth circle.  See under <er>Azimuth</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical drill</b></col>, <cd>an upright drill.  See under <er>Upright</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical fire</b></col> <fld>(Mil.)</fld>, <cd>the fire, as of mortars, at high angles of elevation.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical leaves</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>leaves which present their edges to the earth and the sky, and their faces to the horizon, as in the Australian species of Eucalyptus.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical limb</b></col>, <cd>a graduated arc attached to an instrument, as a theodolite, for measuring vertical angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical line</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Dialing)</fld> <cd>A line perpendicular to the horizon.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Conic Sections)</fld> <cd>A right line drawn on the vertical plane, and passing through the vertex of the cone.</cd> <sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Surv.)</fld> <cd>The direction of a plumb line; a line normal to the surface of still water.</cd> <sd>(d)</sd> <fld>(Geom., Drawing, etc.)</fld> <cd>A line parallel to the sides of a page or sheet, in distinction from a <xex>horizontal line</xex> parallel to the top or bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical plane</b></col>. <sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Conic Sections)</fld> <cd>A plane passing through the vertex of a cone, and through its axis.</cd> <sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Projections)</fld> <cd>Any plane which passes through a vertical line.</cd> <sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Persp.)</fld> <cd>The plane passing through the point of sight, and perpendicular to the ground plane, and also to the picture.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical sash</b></col>, <cd>a sash sliding up and down.   Cf. <cref>French sash</cref>, under 3d <er>Sash</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine having the crank shaft vertically above or below a vertical cylinder.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Vertical position; zenith.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Math.)</fld> <def>A vertical line, plane, or circle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><mcol><col><b>Prime vertical</b></col>, <col><b>Prime vertical dial</b></col></mcol>. <cd>See under <er>Prime</er>, <pos>a.</pos></cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*cal"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>The quality or state of being vertical; verticalness.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The different points of the <qex>verticality</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal*ly</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a vertical manner, position, or direction; perpendicularly; <as>as, to look down <ex>vertically</ex>; to raise a thing <ex>vertically</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal*ness</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Quality or state of being vertical.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cil</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verticillus</ets>, dim. of <ets>vertex</ets> a whirl: cf. F. <ets>verticille</ets>.  See <er>Vertex</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A circle either of leaves or flowers about a stem at the same node; a whorl.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>verticel</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*cil*las"ter</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[NL., fr. L. <ets>verticillus</ets> a whirl + <ets>aster</ets> a star.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A whorl of flowers apparently of one cluster, but composed of two opposite axillary cymes, as in mint.  See <xex>Illust.</xex> of <er>Whorl</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver*tic"il*late</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <hw>Ver*tic"il*la`ted</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Verticil</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Arranged in a transverse whorl or whorls like the rays of a wheel; <as>as, <ex>verticillate</ex> leaves of a plant; a <ex>verticillate</ex> shell</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`ti*cil"lus</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., a whirl.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A whorl; a verticil.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*tic"i*ty</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>verticit&eacute;</ets>.  See <er>Vertex</er>.]</ety> <def>The quality or power of turning; revolution; rotation.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Locke.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I hardly believe he hath from elder times unknown the <qex>verticity</qex> of the loadstone.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>verticula</ets> a joint.]</ety> <def>An axis; a hinge; a turning point.</def>  <rj><au>E. Waterhouse.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*tig"i*nate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Turned round; giddy.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Coleridge.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*tig"i*nous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vertiginosus</ets>, fr. <ets>vertigo</ets> a whirling around, giddiness: cf. F. <ets>vertigineux</ets>.  See <er>Vertigo</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Turning round; whirling; rotary; revolving; <as>as, a <ex>vertiginous</ex> motion</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some <qex>vertiginous</qex> whirl of fortune.</q> <rj><qau>De Quincey.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Affected with vertigo; giddy; dizzy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>They [the angels] grew <qex>vertiginous</qex>, and fell from the battlements of heaven.</q> <rj><qau>Jer. Taylor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>-- <wordforms><wf>Ver*tig"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos>adv.</pos> -- <wf>Ver*tig"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos>n.</pos></wordforms><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*go</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Vertigoes</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>, L. <plw>Vertigines</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., fr. <ets>vertere</ets> to turn.  See <er>Verse</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Dizziness or swimming of the head; an affection of the head in which objects, though stationary, appear to move in various directions, and the person affected finds it difficult to maintain an erect posture; giddiness.</def>  <rj><au>Quain.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of small land snails belonging to the genus <gen>Vertigo</gen>, having an elongated or conical spiral shell and usually teeth in the aperture.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*lin"e*ar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Verti</ets>cal + <ets>linear</ets>.]</ety> <def>Straight; rectilinear.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"tu</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Virtue; power.  See <er>Virtue</er>.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>See <er>Virtu</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"tu*ous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Virtuous; powerful.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ver`u*mon*ta"num</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>An elevation, or crest, in the wall of the urethra where the seminal ducts enter it.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; This is sometimes written <altsp>veru montanum</altsp>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"vain</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>verveine</ets>, F. <ets>verveine</ets>, fr. L. <ets>verbena</ets>, pl. <ets>verbenae</ets> sacred boughs of laurel, olive, or myrtle, a class of plants; cf. <ets>verbenaca</ets> vervain.  Cf. <er>Verbena</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Any plant of the genus <gen>Verbena</gen>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vervain mallow</b></col> <fld>(Bot.)</fld>, <cd>a species of mallow (<spn>Malva Alcea</spn>) with rose-colored flowers.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Verve</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <def>Excitement of imagination such as animates a poet, artist, or musician, in composing or performing; rapture; enthusiasm; spirit; energy.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"vel</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Varvel</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"vet</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A South African monkey (<spn>Cercopithecus pygerythrus</spn> syn. <spn>Cercopithecus Lelandii</spn>).  The upper parts are grayish green, finely specked with black.  The cheeks and belly are reddish white.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"y</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;r"&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <amorph>[<pos>Compar.</pos> <adjf>Verier</adjf> <pr>(v&ebreve_;r"&ibreve_;*&etilde_;r)</pr>; <pos>superl.</pos> <adjf>Veriest</adjf>.]</amorph> <ety>[OE. <ets>verai</ets>, <ets>verray</ets>, OF. <ets>verai</ets>, <ets>vrai</ets>, F. <ets>vrai</ets>, (assumed) LL. <ets>veracus</ets>, for L. <ets>verax</ets> true, veracious, fr. <ets>verus</ets> true; akin to OHG. &amp; OS. <ets>w&amacr;r</ets>, G. <ets>wahr</ets>, D. <ets>waar</ets>; perhaps originally, that is or exists, and akin to E. <ets>was</ets>.  Cf. <er>Aver</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, <er>Veracious</er>, <er>Verdict</er>, <er>Verity</er>.]</ety> <def>True; real; actual; veritable.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Whether thou be my <qex>very</qex> son Esau or not.</q> <rj><qau>Gen. xxvii. 21.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He that covereth a transgression seeketh love; but he that repeateth a matter separateth <qex>very</qex> friends.</q> <rj><qau>Prov. xvii. 9.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The <qex>very</qex> essence of truth is plainness and brightness.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>I looked on the consideration of public service or public ornament to be real and <qex>very</qex> justice.</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Very</xex> is sometimes used to make the word with which it is connected emphatic, and may then be paraphrased by <xex>same</xex>, <xex>self-same</xex>, <xex>itself</xex>, and the like. &ldquo;The <xex>very</xex> hand, the <xex>very</xex> words.&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;The <xex>very</xex> rats instinctively have quit it.&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;Yea, there where <xex>very</xex> desolation dwells.&rdquo; <au>Milton.</au> <xex>Very</xex> is used occasionally in the comparative degree, and more frequently in the superlative. &ldquo;Was not my lord the <xex>verier</xex> wag of the two?&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au> &ldquo;The <xex>veriest</xex> hermit in the nation.&rdquo; <au>Pope.</au> &ldquo;He had spoken the very truth, and transformed it into the <xex>veriest</xex> falsehood.&rdquo; <au>Hawthorne.</au></note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Very Reverend</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <er>Reverend</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"y</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;r"&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a high degree; to no small extent; exceedingly; excessively; extremely; <as>as, a <ex>very</ex> great mountain; a <ex>very</ex> bright sun; a <ex>very</ex> cold day; the river flows <ex>very</ex> rapidly; he was <ex>very</ex> much hurt</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ver"y's night signals</hw>, <it>or</it>  <hw>Ver"y night signals</hw>  }</mhw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <ety>[After Lieut. <person>Samuel W. <etsep>Very</etsep></person>, who invented the system in 1877.]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A system of signaling in which balls of red and green fire are fired from a pistol, the arrangement in groups denoting numbers having a code significance.  The pistol used to fire the signal flare is called a <col><b>Very pistol</b></col>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"bi*um</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL., from L. <ets>Vesuvius</ets>, contr. <ets>Vesbius</ets>, Vesuvius.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A rare metallic element of which little is known. It is said by Scacchi to have been extracted from a yellowish incrustation from the cracks of a Vesuvian lava erupted in 1631.</def> <note>It is not a recognized element.  Actual identity?</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vese</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;z)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Feese</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <def>Onset; rush; violent draught or wind.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*si"ca</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L.]</ety> <def>A bladder.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vesica piscis</b></col>. <ety>[L., fish bladder.]</ety> <fld>(Eccl. Art)</fld> <cd>A glory, or aureole, of oval shape, or composed of two arcs of circles usually represented as surrounding a divine personage.  More rarely, an oval composed of two arcs not representing a glory; a solid oval, etc.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vesica</ets> bladder.]</ety> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the bladder.</def>  <rj><au>Dunglison.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cant</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vesica</ets> blister: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;sicant</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A vesicatory.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vesicated</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vesicating</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[See <er>Vesicant</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>To raise little bladders or blisters upon; to inflame and separate the cuticle of; to blister.</def>  <rj><au>Wiseman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;sication</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>The process of vesicating, or of raising blisters.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*ca*to*ry</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;sicatoire</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>Tending, or having power, to raise a blister.</def>  -- <def2><pos>n.</pos>  <def>A blistering application or plaster; a vesicant; an epispastic.</def></def2><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cle</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vesicula</ets>, dim. of <ets>vesica</ets> a bladder, blister; akin to Skr. <ets>vasti</ets> bladder: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;sicule</ets>.]</ety> <def>A bladderlike vessel; a membranous cavity; a cyst; a cell.</def>  Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A small bladderlike body in the substance of a vegetable, or upon the surface of a leaf.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>A small, and more or less circular, elevation of the cuticle, containing a clear watery fluid.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A cavity or sac, especially one filled with fluid; <as>as, the umbilical <ex>vesicle</ex></as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(d)</sd> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A small convex hollow prominence on the surface of a shell or a coral.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(e)</sd> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>A small cavity, nearly spherical in form, and usually of the size of a pea or smaller, such as are common in some volcanic rocks. They are produced by the liberation of watery vapor in the molten mass.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*co-</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate <xex>connection with</xex>, or <xex>relation to</xex>, <xex>the bladder</xex>; as in <xex>vesico</xex>prostatic, <xex>vesico</xex>vaginal.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*pro*stat"ic</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the bladder and the prostate gland.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*u"ter*ine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the bladder and the uterus.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*vag"i*nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the bladder and the vagina.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*sic"u*la</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vesicul&aelig;</plw> .</plu> <ety>[L., dim. of <ets>vesica</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Anat. &amp; Med.)</fld> <def>A vesicle.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;siculaire</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to vesicles; esp., of or pertaining to the air vesicles, or air cells, of the lungs; <as>as, <ex>vesicular</ex> breathing, or normal breathing, in which the air enters freely the air vesicles of the lungs</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Containing, or composed of, vesicles or vesiclelike structures; covered with vesicles or bladders; vesiculate; <as>as, a <ex>vesicular</ex> coral; <ex>vesicular</ex> lava; a <ex>vesicular</ex> leaf</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Having the form or structure of a vesicle; <as>as, a <ex>vesicular</ex> body</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vesicular column</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>a series of nerve cells forming one of the tracts distinguished in the spinal cord; -- also called the <altname>ganglionic column</altname>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vesicular emphysema</b></col> <fld>(Med.)</fld>, <cd>emphysema of the lungs, in which the air vesicles are distended and their walls ruptured.</cd> -- <col><b>Vesicular murmur</b></col> <fld>(Med.)</fld>, <cd>the sound, audible on auscultation of the chest, made by the air entering and leaving the air vesicles of the lungs in respiration.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*sic`u*la"ri*a</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.  See <er>Vesicle</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of numerous species of marine Bryozoa belonging to <gen>Vesicularia</gen> and allied genera. They have delicate tubular cells attached in clusters to slender flexible stems.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*sic`u*la"ta</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.  See <er>Vesicle</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>The campanularian medus&aelig;.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Bladdery; full of, or covered with, bladders; vesicular.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*late</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To form vesicles in, as lava.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Geol.)</fld> <def>The state of containing vesicles, or the process by which vesicles are formed.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ve*sic`u*li"tis</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[NL.; <ets>vesicula</ets> + <ets>-itis</ets>.]</ety> <def>Inflammation of a vesicle.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ve*sic"u*lose`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ve*sic"u*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vesiculosus</ets>: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;siculeux</ets>.]</ety> <def>Bladdery; vesicular; vesiculate; composed of vesicles; covered with vesicles; <as>as, a <ex>vesiculose</ex> shell</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ves"pa</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;s"p&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>prop. n.</pos> <ety>[L., wasp.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus of Hymenoptera including the common wasps and hornets.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1606 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"per</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;s"p&etilde_;r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., the evening, the evening star, the west; akin to Gr. <grk>"e`speros</grk>, <grk>"espe`ra</grk>, and perhaps to E. <ets>west</ets>.  Cf. <er>Hesperian</er>, <er>Vespers</er>.]</ety> <def>The evening star; Hesper; Venus, when seen after sunset; hence, the evening.</def>  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"per</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the evening, or to the service of vespers; <as>as, a <ex>vesper</ex> hymn; <ex>vesper</ex> bells</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vesper sparrow</b></col>, <cd>the grass finch.  See under <er>Grass</er>.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vesper; evening.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"pers</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>vespres</ets>, F. <ets>v&ecirc;pres</ets>, LL. <ets>vesperae</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vespera</ets> evening.  See <er>Vesper</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <fld>(R. C. Ch.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>One of the little hours of the Breviary.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The evening song or service.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Sicilian vespers</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Sicilian</er>, <pos>a.</pos></cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ves`per*til"i*o</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., a bat.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A genus of bats including some of the common small insectivorous species of North America and Europe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`per*til`i*o"nes</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A tribe of bats including the common insectivorous bats of America and Europe, belonging to <gen>Vespertilio</gen> and allied genera.  They lack a nose membrane.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`per*til`i*o"nine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vespertiliones.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*ti`nal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Vespertine.</def>  <rj><au>Lowell.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*tine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vespertinus</ets>.  See <er>Vesper</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the evening; happening or being in the evening.</def>  <rj><au>Gray.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Blossoming in the evening.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"pi*a*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vespa</ets> a wasp.]</ety> <def>A nest, or habitation, of insects of the wasp kind.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves*pil"lo</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vespilloes</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L.]</ety> <fld>(Rom. Antiq.)</fld> <def>One who carried out the dead bodies of the poor at night for burial.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Like <qex>vespilloes</qex> or grave makers.</q> <rj><qau>Sir T. Browne.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>vessel</ets>, <ets>veissel</ets>, <ets>vaissel</ets>, <ets>vaissiel</ets>, F. <ets>vaisseau</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vascellum</ets>, dim. of <ets>vasculum</ets>, dim. of <ets>vas</ets> a vessel.  Cf. <er>Vascular</er>, <er>Vase</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A hollow or concave utensil for holding anything; a hollow receptacle of any kind, as a hogshead, a barrel, a firkin, a bottle, a kettle, a cup, a bowl, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[They drank] out of these noble <qex>vessels</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A general name for any hollow structure made to float upon the water for purposes of navigation; especially, one that is larger than a common rowboat; <as>as, a war <ex>vessel</ex>; a passenger <ex>vessel</ex>.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[He] began to build a <qex>vessel</qex> of huge bulk.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Fig.: A person regarded as receiving or containing something; esp. <fld>(Script.)</fld>, one into whom something is conceived as poured, or in whom something is stored for use; <as>as, <ex>vessels</ex> of wrath or mercy</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He is a chosen <qex>vessel</qex> unto me.</q> <rj><qau>Acts ix. 15.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>[The serpent] fit <qex>vessel</qex>, fittest imp of fraud, in whom<br/>
To enter.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>Any tube or canal in which the blood or other fluids are contained, secreted, or circulated, as the arteries, veins, lymphatics, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A continuous tube formed from superposed large cylindrical or prismatic cells (trache&aelig;), which have lost their intervening partitions, and are usually marked with dots, pits, rings, or spirals by internal deposition of secondary membranes; a duct.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Acoustic vessels</b></col>. <cd>See under <er>Acoustic</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weaker vessel</b></col>, <cd>a woman; -- now applied humorously.</cd>  &ldquo;Giving honor unto the wife, as unto the <xex>weaker vessel</xex>.&rdquo; <au>1 Peter iii. 7.</au> &ldquo;You are the <xex>weaker vessel</xex>.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To put into a vessel.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel*ful</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vesselfuls</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>As much as a vessel will hold; enough to fill a vessel.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ves"ses</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ves"sets</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of worsted; also, a worsted cloth.</def>  <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><mhw>{ <hw>Ves"sic*non</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <hw>Ves"sig*non</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, }</mhw> <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F. <ets>vessigon</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vesica</ets> a bladder, blister.]</ety> <fld>(Far.)</fld> <def>A soft swelling on a horse's leg; a windgall.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;st)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vestis</ets> a garment, vesture; akin to Goth. <ets>wasti</ets>, and E. <ets>wear</ets>: cf. F. <ets>veste</ets>.  See <er>Wear</er> to carry on the person, and cf. <er>Divest</er>, <er>Invest</er>, <er>Travesty</er>.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>An article of clothing covering the person; an outer garment; a vestment; a dress; a vesture; a robe.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>In state attended by her maiden train,<br/>
Who bore the <qex>vests</qex> that holy rites require.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Any outer covering; array; garb.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Not seldom clothed in radiant <qex>vest</qex><br/>
Deceitfully goes forth the morn.</q> <rj><qau>Wordsworth.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Specifically, a waistcoat, or sleeveless body garment, for men, worn under the coat.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Garment; vesture; dress; robe; vestment; waistcoat.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Vest</er>, <er>Waistcoat</er>. In England, the original word <xex>waistcoat</xex> is generally used for the body garment worn over the shirt and immediately under the coat. In the United States this garment is commonly called a <xex>vest</xex>, and the <xex>waistcoat</xex> is often improperly given to an under-garment.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vested</conjf>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vesting</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. L. <ets>vestire</ets>, <ets>vestitum</ets>, OF. <ets>vestir</ets>, F. <ets>v&ecirc;tir</ets>.  See <er>Vest</er>, <pos>n.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To clothe with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover, surround, or encompass closely.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Came <qex>vested</qex> all in white, pure as her mind.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>With ether <qex>vested</qex>, and a purple sky.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To clothe with authority, power, or the like; to put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; -- followed by <xex>with</xex> before the thing conferred; <as>as, to <ex>vest</ex> a court with power to try cases of life and death</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Had I been <qex>vested</qex> with the monarch's power.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To place or give into the possession or discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; -- with <xex>in</xex> before the possessor; <as>as, the power of life and death is <ex>vested</ex> in the king, or in the courts</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Empire and dominion was [were] <qex>vested</qex> in him.</q> <rj><qau>Locke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>To invest; to put; <as>as, to <ex>vest</ex> money in goods, land, or houses</as>.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>5.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>To clothe with possession; <as>as, to <ex>vest</ex> a person with an estate</as>; also, to give a person an immediate fixed right of present or future enjoyment of; <as>as, an estate is <ex>vested</ex> in possession</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Bouvier.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;st)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To come or descend; to be fixed; to take effect, as a title or right; -- followed by <xex>in</xex>; <as>as, upon the death of the ancestor, the estate, or the right to the estate, <ex>vests</ex> in the heir at law</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ta</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;s"t&adot_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Vesta</ets>, akin to Gr. <grk>"Esti`a</grk> Vesta, <grk>"esti`a</grk> the hearth of the house, and perhaps to Skr. <ets>ush</ets> to burn (see <ets>East</ets>), or perhaps to Skr. <ets>vas</ets> to dwell, and E. <ets>was</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Rom. Myth.)</fld> <def>One of the great divinities of the ancient Romans, identical with the Greek <persfn><it>Hestia</it></persfn>. She was a virgin, and the goddess of the hearth; hence, also, of the fire on it, and the family round it.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Astron.)</fld> <def>An asteroid, or minor planet, discovered by <persfn>Olbers</persfn> in 1807.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A wax friction match.</def>  <rj><au>Simmonds.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"tal</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Vestalis</ets> belonging to Vesta, vestal.  See <er>Vesta</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to Vesta, the virgin goddess of the hearth; hence, pure; chaste.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"tal</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>Vestalis</ets> (sc. <ets>virgo</ets>): cf. F. <ets>vestale</ets>.  See <er>Vestal</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Rom. Antiq.)</fld> <def>A virgin consecrated to Vesta, and to the service of watching the sacred fire, which was to be perpetually kept burning upon her altar.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The <xex>Vestals</xex> were originally four, but afterward six, in number. Their term of service lasted thirty years, the period of admission being from the sixth to the tenth year of the candidate's age.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A virgin; a woman pure and chaste; also, a nun.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>How happy is the blameless <qex>vestal's</qex> lot!</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ves*ta"les</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos> <ety>[NL.  See <er>Vestal</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A group of butterflies including those known as virgins, or gossamer-winged butterflies.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"ed</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Clothed; robed; wearing vestments.</def>  &ldquo;The <xex>vested</xex> priest.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Law)</fld> <def>Not in a state of contingency or suspension; fixed; <as>as, <ex>vested</ex> rights; <ex>vested</ex> interests</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vested legacy</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>a legacy the right to which commences <xex>in pr&aelig;senti</xex>, and does not depend on a contingency; as, a legacy to one to be paid when he attains to twenty-one years of age is a <xex>vested legacy</xex>, and if the legatee dies before the testator, his representative shall receive it.</cd> <au>Blackstone.</au> -- <col><b>Vested remainder</b></col> <fld>(Law)</fld>, <cd>an estate settled, to remain to a determined person, after the particular estate is spent.</cd>  <au>Blackstone.</au> <au>Kent.</au></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"ed interest</hw>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>a special personal interest, usually financial, in an existing system, law, or institution, which hinders a person from making objective decisions regarding that system, law, or institution.  A vested interest may be one which benefits a relative, or, in an extended sense, one which defends a person's own reputation or previously expressed views.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>a right given to an employee by a pension plan, which cannot be taken away.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn>  <pluf>pl.</pluf> <def>the persons, corporations, or other groups which benefit most (usually financially) from the existing system of institutions, laws, and customs.</def><br/>
[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"ed school</hw>. <def>In Ireland, a national school which has been built by the aid of grants from the board of Commissioners of National Education and is secured for educational purposes by leases to the commissioners themselves, or to the commissioners and the trustees.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves`ti*a"ri*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vestiary</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to a vestiary or vestments.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*a*ry</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vestiarium</ets>.  See <er>Vestry</er>.]</ety> <def>A wardrobe; a robing room; a vestry.</def>  <rj><au>Fuller.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*a*ry</hw>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pertaining to clothes, or vestments.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves*tib"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a vestibule; like a vestibule.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*bule</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vestibulum</ets>, of uncertain origin: cf. F. <ets>vestibule</ets>.]</ety> <def>The porch or entrance into a house; a hall or antechamber next the entrance; a lobby; a porch; a hall.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Vestibule of the ear</b></col>. <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Ear</er>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestibule of the vulva</b></col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>a triangular space between the nymph&aelig;, in which the orifice of the urethra is situated.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestibule train</b></col> <fld>(Railroads)</fld>, <cd>a train of passenger cars having the space between the end doors of adjacent cars inclosed, so as to admit of leaving the doors open to provide for intercommunication between all the cars.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Hall; passage.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Vestibule</er>, <er>Hall</er>, <er>Passage</er>.  A <xex>vestibule</xex> is a small apartment within the doors of a building.  A <xex>hall</xex> is the first large apartment beyond the vestibule, and, in the United States, is often long and narrow, serving as a passage to the several apartments. In England, the <xex>hall</xex> is generally square or oblong, and a long, narrow space of entrance is called a <xex>passage</xex>, not a <xex>hall</xex>, as in America. <xex>Vestibule</xex> is often used in a figurative sense to denote a place of entrance.  &ldquo;The citizens of Rome placed the images of their ancestors in the <xex>vestibules</xex> of their houses.&rdquo; <au>Bolingbroke</au></usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*bule</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To furnish with a vestibule or vestibules.</def>  <rj><au>Brander Matthews.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vestibuled train</hw>. <fld>(Railroad)</fld> <def>Same as <cref>Vestibule  train</cref>, under <er>Vestibule</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Ves*tib"u*lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vestibula</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L., vestibule.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>A cavity into which, in certain bryozoans, the esophagus and anus open.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*gate</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vestigatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>vestigare</ets>.  See <er>Vestige</er>.]</ety> <def>To investigate.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"tige</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F., from L. <ets>vestigium</ets> footprint, trace, sign; the last part (<ets>-stigium</ets>) is probably akin to E. <ets>sty</ets>, v. i.  Cf. <er>Investigate</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign; hence, a faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present; remains; <as>as, the <ex>vestiges</ex> of ancient magnificence in Palmyra; <ex>vestiges</ex> of former population</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>What <qex>vestiges</qex> of liberty or property have they left?</q> <rj><qau>Burke.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ridicule has followed the <qex>vestiges</qex> of Truth, but never usurped her place.</q> <rj><qau>Landor.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>A small, degenerate, or imperfectly developed part or organ which has been more fully developed in some past generation.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Trace; mark; sign; token.</syn> <usage> -- <er>Vestige</er>, <er>Trace</er>.  These words agree in marking some indications of the past, but differ to some extent in their use and application. <xex>Vestige</xex> is used chiefly in a figurative sense, for the remains of something long passed away; <as>as, the <ex>vestiges</ex> of ancient times; <ex>vestiges</ex> of the creation</as>.  A <xex>trace</xex> is literally something drawn out in a line, and may be used in this its primary sense, or figuratively, to denote a sign or evidence left by something that has passed by, or ceased to exist.  <xex>Vestige</xex> usually supposes some definite object of the past to be left behind; while a <xex>trace</xex> may be a mere indication that something has been present or is present; <as>as, <ex>traces</ex> of former population; a <ex>trace</ex> of poison in a given substance</as>.</usage><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves*tig"i*al</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a vestige or remnant; like a vestige.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"ing</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Cloth for vests; a vest pattern.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*ture</hw> <pr>(?; 135)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Vesture</er>.]</ety> <def>Investiture.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"let</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Dim. of <ets>vest</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo&ouml;l.)</fld> <def>Any one of several species of actinians belonging to the genus <gen>Cerianthus</gen>.  These animals have a long, smooth body tapering to the base, and two separate circles of tentacles around the mouth.  They form a tough, flexible, feltlike tube with a smooth internal lining, in which they dwell, whence the name.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>vestement</ets>, <ets>vestiment</ets>, OF. <ets>vestement</ets>, <ets>vestiment</ets>, F. <ets>v&ecirc;tement</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vestimentum</ets>, fr. <ets>vestire</ets> to clothe, fr. <ets>vestis</ets> a garment, clothing.  See <er>Vest</er>.]</ety> <def>A covering or garment; some part of clothing or dress</def>; specifically <fld>(Eccl.)</fld>, <def>any priestly garment.</def>  &ldquo;Royal <xex>vestiment</xex>.&rdquo; <au>Chaucer.</au> &ldquo;Priests in holy <xex>vestments</xex>.&rdquo; <au>Shak.</au><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q> The sculptor could not give <qex>vestments</qex> suitable to the quality of the persons represented.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"try</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vestries</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[OE. <ets>vestrye</ets>, F. <ets>vestiaire</ets>, L. <ets>vestiarium</ets>, fr. <ets>vestiarius</ets> belonging to clothes, fr. <ets>vestis</ets> a garment.  See <er>Vest</er>, <pos>n.</pos>, and cf. <er>Vestiary</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A room appendant to a church, in which sacerdotal vestments and sacred utensils are sometimes kept, and where meetings for worship or parish business are held; a sacristy; -- formerly called <xex>revestiary</xex>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>He said unto him that was over the <qex>vestry</qex>, Bring forth vestments for all the worshipers of Baal.</q> <rj><qau>2 Kings x. 22.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(Ch. of Eng.)</fld> <def>A parochial assembly; an assembly of persons who manage parochial affairs; -- so called because usually held in a vestry.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <fld>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</fld> <def>A body, composed of wardens and vestrymen, chosen annually by a parish to manage its temporal concerns.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><cs><col><b>Metropolitan vestry</b></col>, <cd>in the city of London, and certain specified parishes and places in England, a body composed of householders who pay poor rates. Its duties include the repair of churches, care of highways, the appointment of certain officers, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Select vestry</b></col>, <cd>a select number of persons chosen in large and populous English parishes to represent and manage the concerns of the parish for one year.</cd> <au>Mozley &amp; W.</au> -- <col><b>Vestry board</b></col> <fld>(Ch. of Eng.)</fld>, <cd>a vestry.  See def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestry clerk</b></col>, <cd>an officer chosen by the vestry, who keeps a record of its proceedings; also, in England, one who keeps the parish accounts and books.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestry meeting</b></col>, <cd>the meeting of a vestry or vestry board; also, a meeting of a parish held in a vestry or other place.</cd></cs><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"try*man</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vestrymen</plw> <pr>(&unr_;)</pr>.</plu> <def>A member of a vestry; especially <fld>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</fld>, a member other than a warden.  See <er>Vestry</er>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"ture</hw> <pr>(?; 135)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>vesture</ets>, <ets>vesteure</ets>, F. <ets>v&ecirc;ture</ets>, LL. <ets>vestitura</ets>, from L. <ets>vestire</ets> to clothe, dress.  See <er>Vest</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos>, and cf. <er>Vestiture</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A garment or garments; a robe; clothing; dress; apparel; vestment; covering; envelope.</def>  <rj><au>Piers Plowman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Approach, and kiss her sacred <qex>vesture's</qex> hem.</q> <rj><qau>Milton.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Rocks, precipices, and gulfs, appareled with a <qex>vesture</qex> of plants.</q> <rj><qau>Bentley.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>There polished chests embroidered <qex>vestures</qex> graced.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <fld>(O. Eng. Law)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The corn, grass, underwood, stubble, etc., with which land was covered; <as>as, the <ex>vesture</ex> of an acre</as>.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Seizin; possession.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"tured</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Covered with vesture or garments; clothed; enveloped.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>We be <qex>vestured</qex> with poor cloth.</q> <rj><qau>Ld. Berners.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>V&eacute;suvien</ets>, It. <ets>Vesuviano</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to Vesuvius, a volcano near <city>Naples</city>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[G. <ets>vesuvian</ets>.  See <er>Vesuvian</er>, <pos>a.</pos>]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>Vesuvianite.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A kind of match or fusee for lighting cigars, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an*ite</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Min.)</fld> <def>A mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, and also massive, of a brown to green color, rarely sulphur yellow and blue. It is a silicate of alumina and lime with some iron magnesia, and is common at Vesuvius. Also called <altname>idocrase</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A trade name for a brown dyestuff obtained from certain basic azo compounds of benzene; -- called also <altname>Bismarck brown</altname>, <altname>Manchester brown</altname>, etc.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vetch</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;ch)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Also <ets>fitch</ets>; OE. <ets>ficche</ets>, <ets>feche</ets>, for <ets>veche</ets>, OF. <ets>veche</ets>, <ets>vecce</ets>, <ets>vesche</ets>, <ets>vesce</ets>, F. <ets>vesce</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vicia</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Any leguminous plant of the genus <gen>Vicia</gen>, some species of which are valuable for fodder. The common species is <spn>Vicia sativa</spn>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; The name is also applied to many other leguminous plants of different genera; as the chichling vetch, of the genus <gen>Lathyrus</gen>; the horse vetch, of the genus <gen>Hippocrepis</gen>; the kidney vetch (<spn>Anthyllis vulneraria</spn>); the milk vetch, of the genus <gen>Astragalus</gen>; the licorice vetch, or wild licorice (<spn>Abrus precatorius</spn>).</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vetch"ling</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;ch"l&ibreve_;ng)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[<ets>Vetch</ets> + <ets>-ling</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Any small leguminous plant of the genus <gen>Lathyrus</gen>, especially <spn>Lathyrus Nissolia</spn>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vetch"y</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Consisting of vetches or of pea straw.</def>  &ldquo;A <xex>vetchy</xex> bed.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Spenser.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Abounding with vetches.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;t"&etilde_;r*&aitalic_;n)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veteranus</ets>, from <ets>vetus</ets>, <ets>veteris</ets>, old; akin to Gr. <grk>'e`tos</grk> year, Skr. <ets>vatsara</ets>.  See <er>Wether</er>.]</ety> <def>Long exercised in anything, especially in military life and the duties of a soldier; long practiced or experienced; <as>as, a <ex>veteran</ex> officer or soldier; <ex>veteran</ex> skill.</as></def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>The insinuating eloquence and delicate flattery of <qex>veteran</qex> diplomatists and courtiers.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><!-- p. 1607 pr=PI --><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;t"&etilde_;r*&aitalic_;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veteranus</ets> (sc. <ets>miles</ets>): cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;t&eacute;ran</ets>.]</ety> <def>One who has been long exercised in any service or art, particularly in war; one who has had much experience, or has grown old or decrepit in service.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ensigns that pierced the foe's remotest lines,<br/>
The hardy <qex>veteran</qex> with tears resigns.</q> <rj><qau>Addison.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; In the United States, during the civil war, soldiers who had served through one term of enlistment and had re&euml;nlisted were specifically designated <xex>veterans</xex>.</note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an*ize</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;t"&etilde_;r*&aitalic_;n*&imacr;z)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To re&euml;nlist for service as a soldier.</def>  <mark>[U. S.]</mark>  <rj><au>Gen. W. T. Sherman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>vet`er*i*na"ri*an</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;t`&etilde_;r*&ibreve_;*n&amacr;"r&ibreve_;*&aitalic_;n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veterinarius</ets>.  See <er>Veterinary</er>.]</ety> <def>One skilled in the treatment of diseases of cattle or domestic animals; a veterinary surgeon.  Often abbreviated to <altname>vet</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>PJC</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*i*na*ry</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;t"&etilde_;r*&ibreve_;*n&auptack_;*r&ybreve_;)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>veterinarius</ets> of or belonging to beasts of burden and draught, fr. <ets>veterinus</ets>, probably originally, of or pertaining to yearlings: cf. F. <ets>v&eacute;t&eacute;rinaire</ets>.  See <er>Veteran</er>, <er>Wether</er>.]</ety> <def>Of or pertaining to the art of healing or treating the diseases of domestic animals, as oxen, horses, sheep, various pets, etc.; <as>as, a <ex>veterinary</ex> writer or school</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vet"i*ver</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>An East Indian grass (<spn>Andropogon muricatus</spn>); also, its fragrant roots which are much used for making mats and screens.  Also called <altname>kuskus</altname>, and <altname>khuskhus</altname>.</def>  <altsp>[Sometimes written <asp>vetivert</asp>, and <asp>vitivert</asp>.]</altsp><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"to</hw> <pr>(v&emacr;"t&ouptack_;)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vetoes</plw> <pr>(v&emacr;"t&omacr;z)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>veto</ets> I forbid.]</ety><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>An authoritative prohibition or negative; a forbidding; an interdiction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>This contemptuous <qex>veto</qex> of her husband's on any intimacy with her family.</q> <rj><qau>G. Eliot.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> Specifically: --<br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(a)</sd> <def>A power or right possessed by one department of government to forbid or prohibit the carrying out of projects attempted by another department; especially, in a constitutional government, a power vested in the chief executive to prevent the enactment of measures passed by the legislature. Such a power may be absolute, as in the case of the Tribunes of the People in ancient Rome, or limited, as in the case of the President of the United States. Called also <altname>the veto power</altname>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(b)</sd> <def>The exercise of such authority; an act of prohibition or prevention; <as>as, a <ex>veto</ex> is probable if the bill passes</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sd>(c)</sd> <def>A document or message communicating the reasons of the executive for not officially approving a proposed law; -- called also <altname>veto message</altname>.</def> <mark>[U. S.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><note>&hand_; <xex>Veto</xex> is not a term employed in the Federal Constitution, but seems to be of popular use only.  <au>Abbott.</au></note><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"to</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vetoed</conjf> <pr>(v&emacr;"t&omacr;d)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vetoing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <def>To prohibit; to negative; also, to refuse assent to, as a legislative bill, and thus prevent its enactment; <as>as, to <ex>veto</ex> an appropriation bill</as>.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"to*ist</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who uses, or sustains the use of, the veto.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vet*tu"ra</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vetture</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[It. <ets>vettura</ets>, fr. L. <ets>vectura</ets> conveyance.  Cf. <er>Vecture</er>.]</ety> <def>An Italian four-wheeled carriage, esp. one let for hire; a hackney coach.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p>&Verbar;<hw>Vet`tu*ri"no</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Vetturini</plw> <pr>(#)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[It.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One who lets or drives a vettura.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A vettura.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*tust"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vetustus</ets> old, ancient.]</ety> <def>Venerable from antiquity; ancient; old.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vex</hw> <pr>(v&ebreve_;ks)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. &amp; p. p.</pos> <conjf>Vexed</conjf> <pr>(v&ebreve_;kst)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Vexing</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[F. <ets>vexer</ets>, L. <ets>vexare</ets>, <ets>vexatum</ets>, to vex, originally, to shake, toss, in carrying, v. intens. fr. <ets>vehere</ets>, <ets>vectum</ets>, to carry.  See <er>Vehicle</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To toss back and forth; to agitate; to disquiet.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>White curl the waves, and the <qex>vexed</qex> ocean roars.</q> <rj><qau>Pope.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>To make angry or annoyed by little provocations; to irritate; to plague; to torment; to harass; to afflict; to trouble; to tease.</def>  &ldquo;I will not <xex>vex</xex> your souls.&rdquo;  <rj><au>Shak.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Ten thousand torments <qex>vex</qex> my heart.</q> <rj><qau>Prior.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>To twist; to weave.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Some English wool, <qex>vexed</qex> in a Belgian loom.</q> <rj><qau>Dryden.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- See <er>Tease</er>.</syn><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vex</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To be irritated; to fret.</def>  <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chapman.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><hw>Vex*a"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>vexatio</ets>: cf. F. <ets>vexation</ets>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of vexing, or the state of being vexed; agitation; disquiet; trouble; irritation.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Passions too violent . . . afford us nothing but <qex>vexation</qex> and pain.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Temple.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Those who saw him after a defeat looked in vain for any trace of <qex>vexation</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Macaulay.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The cause of trouble or disquiet; affliction.</def><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><q>Your children were <qex>vexation</qex> to your youth.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A harassing by process of law; a vexing or troubling, as by a malicious suit.</def>  <rj><au>Bacon.</au></rj><br/>
[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

<p><syn><b>Syn.</b> -- Chagrin; agitation; mortification; uneasiness; trouble; grie