Script started on Sun Jan 24 17:32:38 1999 [?1h="You'd better sit down." [?1l>[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% clear [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls admin_stuff.txt apache_modperl.txt install_wishlist.txt mod_perl.txt prior_installs.txt [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../usr/local/scrc [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls !!README.BROWNMEN URI-1.00.tar.gz libwww-perl-5.41.tar.gz Apache-SSI-2.03.tar.gz ae.tar.gz linux-doom-1.8.tar.gz DBI-1.06.tar.gz apache_1.3.4.tar.gz mod_perl-1.17/ Digest-MD5-2.01/ ggi-src.0.0.9-final.tar.gz mod_perl-1.17.tar.gz Digest-MD5-2.01.tar.gz gimp-1.0.2/ mysql-3.22.14b-gamma.tar.gz FCGI-0.44.tar.gz gtk+-1.0.6/ olvwm4-truecolor.tar.gz HTML-Parser-2.22/ jdk_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz perl5.005_02.tar.gz HTML-Parser-2.22.tar.gz jre_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz php-3.0.6.tar.gz MIME-Base64-2.10/ libc-5.3.12-27.i386.rpm pine4.05/ MIME-Base64-2.10.tar.gz libnet-1.0606/ rt_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2014.tar.gz libnet-1.0606.tar.gz ssh-1.2.26.tar.gz URI-1.00/ libwww-perl-5.41/ wu-ftpd-2.4.2-beta-18.tar.Z [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% gunxzip -c apache_1.3.4.tar.gz | tar xvf - apache_1.3.4/ apache_1.3.4/src/ apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ apache_1.3.4/src/ap/.indent.pro apache_1.3.4/src/ap/Makefile.tmpl apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap.dsp apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap.mak apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_cpystrn.c apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_execve.c apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_fnmatch.c apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_signal.c apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_slack.c apache_1.3.4/src/ap/ap_snprintf.c apache_1.3.4/src/.gdbinit apache_1.3.4/src/Apache.dsp apache_1.3.4/src/Apache.mak apache_1.3.4/src/ApacheCore.def apache_1.3.4/src/ApacheCore.dsp apache_1.3.4/src/ApacheCore.mak apache_1.3.4/src/BUILD.NOTES apache_1.3.4/src/CHANGES apache_1.3.4/src/Configuration.tmpl apache_1.3.4/src/Configure apache_1.3.4/src/INSTALL apache_1.3.4/src/Makefile.nt apache_1.3.4/src/Makefile.tmpl apache_1.3.4/src/Makefile_win32.txt apache_1.3.4/src/Makefile_win32_debug.txt apache_1.3.4/src/PORTING apache_1.3.4/src/README apache_1.3.4/src/README.EBCDIC apache_1.3.4/src/buildmark.c 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apache_1.3.4/icons/pie3.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/pie4.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/pie5.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/pie6.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/pie7.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/pie8.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/portal.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/ps.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/quill.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/right.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/screw1.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/screw2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/script.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/sound1.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/sound2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/sphere1.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/sphere2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/tar.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/tex.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/text.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/transfer.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/unknown.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/up.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/uu.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/uuencoded.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/world1.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/world2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/ apache_1.3.4/icons/small/README.txt apache_1.3.4/icons/small/back.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/binary.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/binhex.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/blank.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/broken.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/burst.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/comp1.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/comp2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/compressed.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/continued.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/dir.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/dir2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/forward.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/generic.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/generic2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/generic3.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/image.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/image2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/index.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/key.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/movie.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/rainbow.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/sound.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/sound2.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/tar.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/text.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/transfer.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/unknown.gif apache_1.3.4/icons/small/uu.gif apache_1.3.4/logs/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pwd /usr/local/src [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls !!README.BROWNMEN ae.tar.gz linux-doom-1.8.tar.gz Apache-SSI-2.03.tar.gz apache_1.3.4/ mod_perl-1.17/ DBI-1.06.tar.gz apache_1.3.4.tar.gz mod_perl-1.17.tar.gz Digest-MD5-2.01/ ggi-src.0.0.9-final.tar.gz mysql-3.22.14b-gamma.tar.gz Digest-MD5-2.01.tar.gz gimp-1.0.2/ olvwm4-truecolor.tar.gz FCGI-0.44.tar.gz gtk+-1.0.6/ perl5.005_02.tar.gz HTML-Parser-2.22/ jdk_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz php-3.0.6.tar.gz HTML-Parser-2.22.tar.gz jre_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz pine4.05/ MIME-Base64-2.10/ libc-5.3.12-27.i386.rpm rt_1.1.7-v1a-glibc-x86.tar.gz MIME-Base64-2.10.tar.gz libnet-1.0606/ ssh-1.2.26.tar.gz Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2014.tar.gz libnet-1.0606.tar.gz wu-ftpd-2.4.2-beta-18.tar.Z URI-1.00/ libwww-perl-5.41/ URI-1.00.tar.gz libwww-perl-5.41.tar.gz [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd apache_1.3.4 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ABOUT_APACHE KEYS README WARNING-NT.TXT config.layout icons/ Announcement LICENSE README.NT cgi-bin/ configure* logs/ INSTALL Makefile.tmpl README.configure conf/ htdocs/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ./configreure --prefix=/usr/local/src Configuring for Apache, Version 1.3.4 + using installation path layout: Apache (config.layout) Creating Makefile Creating Configuration.apaci in src Creating Makefile in src + configured for Linux platform + setting C compiler to gcc + setting C pre-processor to gcc -E + checking for system header files + adding selected modules + doing sanity check on compiler and options Creating Makefile in src/support Creating Makefile in src/main Creating Makefile in src/ap Creating Makefile in src/regex Creating Makefile in src/os/unix Creating Makefile in src/modules/standard [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% maekke ===> src make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4/src' ===> src/regex sh ./mkh -i _REGEX_H_ regex2.h regcomp.c regerror.c regexec.c regfree.c > ../include/hsregex.h sh ./mkh -p regcomp.c >regcomp.ih gcc -I. -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -DPOSIX_MISTAKE -c regcomp.c -o regcomp.o gcc -I. -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -DPOSIX_MISTAKE -c regexec.c -o regexec.o gcc -I. -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -DPOSIX_MISTAKE -c regerror.c -o regerror.o gcc -I. -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -DPOSIX_MISTAKE -c regfree.c -o regfree.o rm -f libregex.a ar cr libregex.a regcomp.o regexec.o regerror.o regfree.o ranlib libregex.a <=== src/regex ===> src/os/unix gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` os.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` os-inline.c rm -f libos.a ar cr libos.a os.o os-inline.o ranlib libos.a <=== src/os/unix ===> src/ap gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_execve.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_cpystrn.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_signal.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_slack.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_snprintf.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ap_fnmatch.c rm -f libap.a ar cr libap.a ap_execve.o ap_cpystrn.o ap_signal.o ap_slack.o ap_snprintf.o ap_fnmatch.o ranlib libap.a <=== src/ap ===> src/main gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` gen_test_char.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -o gen_test_char gen_test_char.o -lm -lcrypt ./gen_test_char >test_char.h gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` gen_uri_delims.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` -o gen_uri_delims gen_uri_delims.o -lm -lcrypt ./gen_uri_delims >uri_delims.h gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` alloc.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` buff.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_config.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_core.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_log.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_main.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_protocol.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_request.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` http_vhost.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` util.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` util_date.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` util_script.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` util_uri.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` util_md5.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` md5c.c gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` rfc1413.c rm -f libmain.a ar cr libmain.a alloc.o buff.o http_config.o http_core.o http_log.o http_main.o http_protocol.o http_request.o http_vhost.o util.o util_date.o util_script.o util_uri.o util_md5.o md5c.o rfc1413.o ranlib libmain.a <=== src/main ===> src/modules ===> src/modules/standard gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_env.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_log_config.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_mime.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_negotiation.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_status.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_include.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_autoindex.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_dir.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_cgi.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_asis.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_imap.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_actions.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_userdir.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_alias.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_access.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_auth.c gcc -c -I../../os/unix -I../../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../../apaci` mod_setenvif.c rm -f libstandard.a ar cr libstandard.a mod_env.o mod_log_config.o mod_mime.o mod_negotiation.o mod_status.o mod_include.o mod_autoindex.o mod_dir.o mod_cgi.o mod_asis.o mod_imap.o mod_actions.o mod_userdir.o mod_alias.o mod_access.o mod_auth.o mod_setenvif.o ranlib libstandard.a <=== src/modules/standard <=== src/modules gcc -c -I./os/unix -I./include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `./apaci` modules.c gcc -c -I./os/unix -I./include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `./apaci` buildmark.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `./apaci` \ -o httpd buildmark.o modules.o modules/standard/libstandard.a main/libmain.a ./os/unix/libos.a ap/libap.a regex/libregex.a -lm -lcrypt make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4/src' make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' ===> src/support make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4/src/support' gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` htpasswd.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` htpasswd.o -o htpasswd -L../os/unix -L../ap -los -lap -lm -lcrypt gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` htdigest.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` htdigest.o -o htdigest -L../os/unix -L../ap -los -lap -lm -lcrypt gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` rotatelogs.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` rotatelogs.o -o rotatelogs -L../os/unix -L../ap -los -lap -lm -lcrypt gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` logresolve.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` logresolve.o -o logresolve -L../os/unix -L../ap -los -lap -lm -lcrypt gcc -c -I../os/unix -I../include -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ab.c gcc -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci` ab.o -o ab -L../os/unix -L../ap -los -lap -lm -lcrypt sed apxs \ -e 's%@TARGET@%httpd%g' \ -e 's%@CC@%gcc%g' \ -e 's%@CFLAGS@% -DLINUX=2 -DUSE_HSREGEX `../apaci`%g' \ -e 's%@CFLAGS_SHLIB@%%g' \ -e 's%@LD_SHLIB@%%g' \ -e 's%@LDFLAGS_SHLIB@%%g' \ -e 's%@LIBS_SHLIB@%%g' && chmod a+x apxs make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4/src/support' <=== src/support make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' <=== src [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% make install make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' ===> [mktree: Creating Apache installation tree] ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/bin ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/bin ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/libexec ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/man/man1 ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/man/man8 ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/conf ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/htdocs ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/icons ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/cgi-bin ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/include ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/logs ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/logs ./src/helpers/mkdir.sh /usr/local/proxy <=== [mktree] ===> [programs: Installing Apache httpd program and shared objects] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/httpd /usr/local/bin/httpd ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/httpd.8 /usr/local/man/man8/httpd.8 <=== [programs] ===> [support: Installing Apache support programs and scripts] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/support/ab /usr/local/bin/ab ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/ab.1 /usr/local/man/man1/ab.1 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 755 ./src/support/apachectl[*] /usr/local/bin/apachectl ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/apachectl.1 /usr/local/man/man1/apachectl.1 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/support/htpasswd /usr/local/bin/htpasswd ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/htpasswd.1 /usr/local/man/man1/htpasswd.1 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/support/htdigest /usr/local/bin/htdigest ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/htdigest.1 /usr/local/man/man1/htdigest.1 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 755 ./src/support/dbmmanage[*] /usr/local/bin/dbmmanage ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/dbmmanage.1 /usr/local/man/man1/dbmmanage.1 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/support/logresolve /usr/local/bin/logresolve ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/logresolve.8 /usr/local/man/man8/logresolve.8 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -s -m 755 ./src/support/rotatelogs /usr/local/bin/rotatelogs ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/rotatelogs.8 /usr/local/man/man8/rotatelogs.8 ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 755 ./src/support/apxs[*] /usr/local/bin/apxs ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./src/support/apxs.8 /usr/local/man/man8/apxs.8 <=== [support] ===> [include: Installing Apache C header files] cp ./src/include/*.h /usr/local/include/ cp ./src/os/unix/os.h /usr/local/include/ cp ./src/os/unix/os-inline.c /usr/local/include/ chmod 644 /usr/local/include/*.h <=== [include] ===> [data: Installing initial data files] [PRESERVING EXISTING DATA SUBDIR: /usr/local/htdocs/] [PRESERVING EXISTING DATA SUBDIR: /usr/local/cgi-bin/] Copying tree ./icons/ -> /usr/local/icons/ <=== [data] ===> [config: Installing Apache configuration files] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./conf/httpd.conf-dist[*] /usr/local/conf/httpd.conf.default [PRESERVING EXISTING CONFIG FILE: /usr/local/conf/httpd.conf] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./conf/access.conf-dist[*] /usr/local/conf/access.conf.default [PRESERVING EXISTING CONFIG FILE: /usr/local/conf/access.conf] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./conf/srm.conf-dist[*] /usr/local/conf/srm.conf.default [PRESERVING EXISTING CONFIG FILE: /usr/local/conf/srm.conf] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./conf/mime.types /usr/local/conf/mime.types.default [PRESERVING EXISTING CONFIG FILE: /usr/local/conf/mime.types] ./src/helpers/install.sh -c -m 644 ./conf/magic /usr/local/conf/magic.default [PRESERVING EXISTING CONFIG FILE: /usr/local/conf/magic] <=== [config] make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.4' +--------------------------------------------------------+ | You now have successfully built and installed the | | Apache 1.3 HTTP server. To verify that Apache actually | | works correctly you now should first check the | | (initially created or preserved) configuration files | | | | /usr/local/conf/httpd.conf | | | and then you should be able to immediately fire up | | Apache the first time by running: | | | | /usr/local/bin/apachectl start | | | Thanks for using Apache. The Apache Group | | http://www.apache.org/ | +--------------------------------------------------------+ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr/local/conf/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"can find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified" " " " " " " " " h"o"m"e"/"h"t"m"l" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls X11R6/ etc/ include/ local/ share/ bin/ games/ info/ man/ src/ dict/ i386-redhat-linux/ lib/ perl5.005_02/ tmp@ doc/ i486-linux-libc5/ libexec/ sbin/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd local [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ./apachectl start ./apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cdcd ps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11197 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% psps./apachectl startapachectl startapachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11201 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps a-uaauzx | grep httpd warning: `-' deprecated; use `ps aux', not `ps -aux' root 11205 0.0 0.5 836 348 p7 S 17:45 0:00 grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps -aux | grep httpd | grep httpd | grep httpd | grep httpde | grep httpdl | grep httpdf | grep httpd warning: `-' deprecated; use `ps elf', not `ps -elf' [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps -elf | grep httpdlf | grep httpd | grep httpd | grep httpd | grep httpda | grep httpdu | grep httpdz | grep httpd | grep httpdx | grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ./apachectl start ./apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11215 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps auc\x\\ unrecognized option or trailing garbage usage: ps acehjlnrsSuvwx{t|#|O[-]u[-]U..} \ --sort:[-]key1,[-]key2,... --help gives you this message --version prints version information [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd root 11218 0.0 0.5 836 348 p7 S 17:46 0:00 grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl stio\\op /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd (no pid file) not running [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachect1 start apachect1: Command not found. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl stop\\ /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd (no pid file) not running [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .\conf conf: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd cond\fmf comf: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /conf /conf: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd cong cong: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd http\ ? http: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.cong\f  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/home/html"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified/" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd // [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr/local/bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% c\\\apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps auz\\x USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND rajiv 6541 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh rajiv 6567 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh root 1 0.0 0.6 764 380 ? S Jan 19 0:03 init [3] root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (kflushd) root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW< Jan 19 0:00 (kswapd) root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 36 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/kerneld root 207 0.0 0.6 796 420 ? S Jan 19 0:00 syslogd root 216 0.0 0.8 912 528 ? S Jan 19 0:00 klogd root 237 0.0 0.7 852 464 ? S Jan 19 0:00 crond root 248 0.0 0.6 788 424 ? S Jan 19 0:00 inetd root 259 0.0 0.6 824 400 ? S Jan 19 0:00 lpd root 275 0.0 1.4 1404 900 ? S Jan 19 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 root 287 0.0 0.5 744 332 ? S Jan 19 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 310 0.0 0.3 720 220 ? S Jan 19 0:05 update (bdflush) root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4246 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S 08:43 0:00 script apache.txt root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6540 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:00 in.telnetd root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1652 1108 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6566 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:01 in.telnetd root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 7838 0.0 1.0 1228 692 ? S 16:40 0:00 in.telnetd root 7848 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p4 S 16:40 0:00 su - root 7849 0.0 1.7 1664 1132 p4 S 16:40 0:00 -tcsh root 7890 0.0 1.0 1228 692 ? S 16:46 0:00 in.telnetd root 7901 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p5 S 16:46 0:00 su - root 7902 0.0 1.7 1640 1080 p5 S 16:46 0:00 -tcsh root 7931 0.0 0.4 732 304 p5 S 16:49 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt root 7932 0.0 0.5 736 340 p5 S 16:49 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt root 7933 0.0 1.4 1452 920 p6 S 16:49 0:00 -csh -i root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1524 996 p7 S 17:32 0:00 -csh -i root 9088 0.0 0.8 1060 544 p0 S 17:34 0:00 less INSTALL root 11238 0.0 0.7 860 500 p7 R 17:49 0:00 ps aux root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 travis 7839 0.0 1.5 1548 984 p4 S 16:40 0:00 -tcsh travis 7891 0.0 1.5 1548 984 p5 S 16:46 0:00 -tcsh [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% [sps aux |gre grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl stop /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd (no pid file) not running [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd //\\,.. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.congfgf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/home/html/"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified/" /" /" /" " /" /" /" /" u/"s/"r/"l"o"c"a"l"/" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep gre[p httpd nobody 11253 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11254 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11255 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11256 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11257 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11252 0.5 1.4 1636 884 ? S 17:51 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls X11R6/ etc/ include/ local/ share/ bin/ games/ info/ man/ src/ dict/ i386-redhat-linux/ lib/ perl5.005_02/ tmp@ doc/ i486-linux-libc5/ libexec/ sbin/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /local /local: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls X11R6/ etc/ include/ local/ share/ bin/ games/ info/ man/ src/ dict/ i386-redhat-linux/ lib/ perl5.005_02/ tmp@ doc/ i486-linux-libc5/ libexec/ sbin/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd local [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd / [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ dev/ home/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ boot/ etc/ html@ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd home [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ftp/ html/ users/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd html [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls adam/ assignments/ rajiv/ roger/ scripts/ travis/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd / [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% mkdir busllshit [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% chmod 755 bullshit [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ bullshit/ etc/ html@ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ boot/ dev/ home/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /bullshit [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cdcd /usr/local [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local/"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified" " " " " " " " " " b"u"l"l"s"h"i"t" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% lsps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11289 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls arch* cp* ed* gzip* mkdir* ping* setserial* umount* ash* cpio* egrep* hostname* mknod* ps* sh@ uname* ash.static* csh@ ex@ igawk* mktemp* pwd* sleep* userconf@ awk@ date* false* ipcalc* more* red@ sort* usleep* basename* dd* fgrep* kill* mount* remadmin* stty* vi* bash* df* fsconf@ linuxconf* mt* rm* su* view@ bsh@ dmesg* gawk* ln* mv* rmdir* sync* xconf@ cat* dnsdomainname@ gawk-3.0.3* login* netconf@ rpm* tar* ypdomainname@ chgrp* doexec* gecko* lpdconf@ netstat* rvi@ tcsh* zcat* chmod* domainname@ grep* ls* nice* rview@ touch* chown* echo* gunzip* mail* nisdomainname@ sed* true* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /ursr/local/bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ./apachect1 sl stop ./apachectl stop: httpd stopped [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11299 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% lsps./apachectl stopart ./apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 7848 p4 S 0:00 su - 7849 p4 S 0:00 -tcsh 7901 p5 S 0:00 su - 7902 p5 S 0:00 -tcsh 7931 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7932 p5 S 0:00 script /html/scripts/mod_perl.txt 7933 p6 S 0:00 -csh -i 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:00 -csh -i 9088 p0 S 0:00 less INSTALL 11304 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd root 11306 0.0 0.5 836 348 p7 S 18:05 0:00 grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd / [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ bullshit/ etc/ html@ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ boot/ dev/ home/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd bullshit [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% mk d\\dir html [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls html/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd usr./usr.locs\\\/locsal/congf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified/"h"t"m"l"/" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ccd .. ccd: Command not found. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ conf/ etc/ htdocs/ include/ lib/ logs/ proxy/ share/ cgi-bin/ doc/ games/ icons/ info/ libexec/ man/ sbin/ src/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit/html/"can find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit/html/"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.Modified" " " " " " The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.  Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.  Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.#Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.#Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined. If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive. Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For# ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and thesuggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive. Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For# ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and thesuggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.# NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000; don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.# NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000; don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.#ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu#DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions." " " " " " " " " b"u"l"l"s"h"i"t" Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr/local/bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux | grep httpdgrep httpdcd ..//usr/lcoocal/conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/bullshit" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.DocumentRoot "/bullshit"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents. #ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/bullshit" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.Modified" " " " " " " " " /"h"o"m"e"/"h"t"m"l"symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec#  #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccess# Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Commentthese lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here.Order allow,deny Deny from all# CacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with each# document that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disablesthis behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.CacheNegotiatedDocs#UseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Commentthese lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here.Order allow,deny Deny from all# CacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with each# document that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disablesthis behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.CacheNegotiatedDocs#UseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverApache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName andPort to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. Thisalso affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName On## TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is# to be found.#TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.typesDefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a documentif it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.Apache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName andPort to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. Thisalso affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName On## TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is# to be found.#TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.typesDefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a documentif it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.DefaultType text/plainThe mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to addit yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'GlobalEnvironment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magicas part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if the# module is part of the server.# MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magicHostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peopleDefaultType text/plainThe mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to addit yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'GlobalEnvironment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magicas part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if the# module is part of the server.# MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magicHostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peoplehad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the# nameserver.HostnameLookups OffErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a container, error messages relating to that virtual host will belogged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_log## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg.LogLevel warnhad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the# nameserver.HostnameLookups OffErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a container, error messages relating to that virtual host will belogged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_log## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg.LogLevel warnThe following directives define some format nicknames for use with a CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agentThe location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).If you do not define any access logfiles within a container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment the# following directives.#The following directives define some format nicknames for use with a CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agentThe location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).If you do not define any access logfiles within a container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment the# following directives.#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log refererCustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent# If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.##CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combinedOptionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format isAlias fakename realnameCustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log refererCustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent# If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.##CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combinedOptionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format isAlias fakename realname Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViewsAllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from allcriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/" Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViewsAllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from allcriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/""/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliasedCGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride NoneNoneOrder allow,deny Allow from all #Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist inyour server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell theclients where to look for the relocated document.Format: Redirect old-URI new-URLDirectives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.#"/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliasedCGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride NoneNoneOrder allow,deny Allow from all #Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist inyour server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell theclients where to look for the relocated document.Format: Redirect old-URI new-URLDirectives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.#FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standardIndexOptions FancyIndexing## AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different# files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for# FancyIndexed directories.#AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv#Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server willrequire it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in thisexample, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/"ptions Indexes MultiViewsOverride None Order allow,denyAllow from allScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except thatdocuments in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as toAlias.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/" "/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all## Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist in# your server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell the# clients where to look for the relocated document.# Format: Redirect old-URI new-URL### Directives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/""/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliasedCGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride NoneNoneOrder allow,deny Allow from all #Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist inyour server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell theclients where to look for the relocated document.Format: Redirect old-URI new-URLDirectives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.#FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standardIndexOptions FancyIndexing## AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different# files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for# FancyIndexed directories.#AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar#FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standardIndexOptions FancyIndexing## AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different# files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for# FancyIndexed directories.#AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex /icons/bomb.gif core /icons/back.gif .. /icons/hand.right.gif README /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex /icons/bomb.gif core /icons/back.gif .. /icons/hand.right.gif README /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.#DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif## AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in# server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed# directories.# Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by# default, and append to directory listings.## HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to# directory indexes.The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txt#DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif## AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in# server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed# directories.# Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by# default, and append to directory listings.## HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to# directory indexes.The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txtand include it as plaintext if found.#ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADERIndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignoreand not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canand include it as plaintext if found.#ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADERIndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignoreand not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canthen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the same# as the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .itLanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languagesin case of a tie during content negotiation.Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.#LanguagePriority en fr deType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tothen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the same# as the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .itLanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languagesin case of a tie during content negotiation.Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.#LanguagePriority en fr deType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tomake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution)will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtml#AddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phps## AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers",# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server# or added with the Action command (see below)#If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outsideScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgiTo use server-parsed HTML filesmake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution)will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtml#AddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phps## AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers",# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server# or added with the Action command (see below)#If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outsideScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgiTo use server-parsed HTML filesAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtml Uncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP file feature#AddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, useAddHandler imap-file mapenable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map var Action lets you define media types that will execute a script wheneverAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtml Uncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP file feature#AddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, useAddHandler imap-file mapenable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map var Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenevera matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL# pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.# Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location# Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/locationMetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which Apache can find meta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers# to include when sending the documentMetaDir .web # MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing themeta information.MetaSuffix .meta#Customizable error response (Apache style) these come in three flavorsa matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL# pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.# Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location# Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/locationMetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which Apache can find meta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers# to include when sending the documentMetaDir .web # MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing themeta information.MetaSuffix .meta#Customizable error response (Apache style) these come in three flavors 1) plain textErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo.  n.b. the (") marks it as text, it does not get output# 2) local redirectsErrorDocument 404 /missing.html to redirect to local URL /missing.htmlErrorDocument 404 /cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl N.B.: You can redirect to a script or a document using server-side-includes. 3) external redirects#ErrorDocument 402 http://some.other_server.com/subscription_info.htmlN.B.: Many of the environment variables associated with the original request will *not* be available to such a script. The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.# The first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers thatspoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementations.The second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properlyFor example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution) will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtmlAddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phpsAddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers", actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the serveror added with the Action command (see below) If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outside# ScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgi#To use server-parsed HTML filesAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtmlUncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP filefeatureAddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, useAddHandler imap-file map To enable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map varAction lets you define media types that will execute a script whenevera matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URLpathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz ## AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canthen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the sameas the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.#AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .it LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages in case of a tie during content negotiation.# Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.LanguagePriority en fr de # AddType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tomake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution) will typically use:AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .texAddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif ..AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif READMEAddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ ## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gifAddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file inserver-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed directories.Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for bydefault, and append to directory listings.HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended todirectory indexes.# The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.# If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txtand include it as plaintext if found.ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADER Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all## Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist in# your server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell the# clients where to look for the relocated document.# Format: Redirect old-URI new-URL ##Directives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.# FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standard#IndexOptions FancyIndexingAddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for differentfiles or filename extensions. These are only displayed forFancyIndexed directories.AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzipAddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .cAddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .for## Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host# name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,# mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).# Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is# Alias fakename realnameNote that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server willrequire it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all ## ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.# The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to# Alias.#ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/"## "/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride None  Options None Order allow,denycontainer, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_logLogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,# alert, emerg. #LogLevel warnThe following directives define some format nicknames for use witha CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent## The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).# If you do not define any access logfiles within a # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment thefollowing directives.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log referer#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information(Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combined## Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" isa good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applicationsor images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.#DefaultType text/plain The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to add# it yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'Global# Environment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magic# as part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if themodule is part of the server. MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magic ## HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peoplehad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means thateach client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the nameserver.HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a  container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.#AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Comment# these lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of# .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here. Order allow,deny Deny from allCacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with eachdocument that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disables# this behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.##CacheNegotiatedDocsUseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverApache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName and Port to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. This also affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName OnTypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) isto be found.TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.typesThis controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all# UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's home# directory if a ~user request is received.#UserDir public_htmlontrol access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# Order allow,deny Allow from all   Order deny,allow Deny from all #DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.DirectoryIndex index.html#AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respect# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that# directory (and its subdirectories).## First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow.This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes", "Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".#Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo",Group nobodyServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride None# effect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.# Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.#Port 80 If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET) when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobodyServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have any# effect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.# Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.#Port 80 If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET) when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!# BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Supporto be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so thedirectives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change# the order below without expert advice.Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaksin the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80# BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Supporto be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so thedirectives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change# the order below without expert advice.load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10  ## Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number of clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is ever# reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaksin the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#KeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10  ## Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number of clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everthis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directives be kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out values# below are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore# these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf#Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#KeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itServerRoot "/bullshit" ## The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock  PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process# identification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid ## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directives be kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out values# below are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore# these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf#Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300## Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standalone#ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation# (available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit" ## The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock  PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process# identification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.figure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so theTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.#This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit"ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit"ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allow# Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.#Port 80 If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET) when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobodyServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have any# effect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.# Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.#Port 80 If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET) when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!effect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive. Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For# ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and thesuggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.# NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000; don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.#ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu#DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None #ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu#DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks## Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Commentthese lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here.Order allow,deny Deny from all# CacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with each# document that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disablesthis behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents. This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny  Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homef a ~user request is received.UserDir public_htmlControl access to UserDir directories. The following is an example site where these directories are restricted to read-only.## AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec  Order allow,deny Allow from all   Order deny,allowDeny from all# ### DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.DirectoryIndex index.htmlNote that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.#Directory "/home/html">This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny  Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homef a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.#Directory "/home/html">This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you." " " " " " " " " b"u"l"l"s"h"i"t""> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> b">u">l">l">s">h">i">t"> Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux | grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux | grep httpdgrep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr/lcoocal/conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pciocio ico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/bullshit" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.Modifiedb>u>l>l>s>h>i>t>DocumentRoot "/bullshit"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None  Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% papachectl startslscd ../binpico httpd.confcd /usr/local/confps aux | grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux | grep httpdapachectl startlscd ../binpico httpd.confcd ../binlsapachectl startps aux | grep httpdgrep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd conf conf: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../'/isurssr/local/conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pioc co httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/bullshit"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseModified" " " " " " " " h"o"e"" m"e"/"h"t"m"l"ServerRoot "/home/html"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itKeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numbersees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.of clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary. Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.  Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.#Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for the Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.#Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined. If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive. Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For# ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".virtual host being defined. If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'# section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive. Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For# ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and thesuggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.# NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000; don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and thesuggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.# NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000; don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody #ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.#ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu#DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/bullshit"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions." " " " " " " " h"o"m"e"/"h"t"l"m"" " m"l"define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.#ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu#DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".> > > > > > > > "> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> h">o">m">e">/">h">t">m">l"> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLUserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all # Order deny,allow# Deny from all# # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Commentthese lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here.Order allow,deny Deny from alldirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.#DirectoryIndex index.html AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Commentthese lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here.Order allow,deny Deny from all# CacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with each# document that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disablesthis behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.CacheNegotiatedDocs#UseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverApache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName andPort to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. Thisalso affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName On## TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is# to be found.# CacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with each# document that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disablesthis behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.CacheNegotiatedDocs#UseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverApache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName andPort to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. Thisalso affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName On## TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is# to be found.#TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.typesDefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a documentif it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.DefaultType text/plainThe mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to addit yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'GlobalEnvironment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magicas part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.#TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.typesDefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a documentif it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.DefaultType text/plainThe mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to addit yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'GlobalEnvironment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magicas part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if the# module is part of the server.# MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magicHostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peoplehad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the# nameserver.HostnameLookups OffErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a container, error messages relating to that virtual host will belogged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if the# module is part of the server.# MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magicHostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peoplehad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the# nameserver.HostnameLookups OffErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a container, error messages relating to that virtual host will belogged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_log## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg.LogLevel warnThe following directives define some format nicknames for use with a CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agentThe location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_log## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg.LogLevel warnThe following directives define some format nicknames for use with a CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agentThe location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).If you do not define any access logfiles within a container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment the# following directives.#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log refererCustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent# If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.##CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combinedOptionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host If you do not define any access logfiles within a container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment the# following directives.#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log refererCustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent# If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.##CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combinedOptionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format isAlias fakename realname Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViewsAllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from allname to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format isAlias fakename realname Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViewsAllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from allcriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/""/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliasedCGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride NoneNoneOrder allow,deny Allow from all criptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to.ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/""/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliasedCGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride NoneNoneOrder allow,deny Allow from all #Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist inyour server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell theclients where to look for the relocated document.Format: Redirect old-URI new-URLDirectives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.#FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standardIndexOptions FancyIndexing## AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different# files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for# FancyIndexed directories.##Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist inyour server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell theclients where to look for the relocated document.Format: Redirect old-URI new-URLDirectives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.#FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standardIndexOptions FancyIndexing## AddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for different# files or filename extensions. These are only displayed for# FancyIndexed directories.#AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .texAddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex /icons/bomb.gif core /icons/back.gif .. /icons/hand.right.gif README /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.#DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif## AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in# server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed# directories.# Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz /icons/bomb.gif core /icons/back.gif .. /icons/hand.right.gif README /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.#DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif## AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in# server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed# directories.# Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by# default, and append to directory listings.## HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to# directory indexes.The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txtand include it as plaintext if found.#ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADERIndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignoreand not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by# default, and append to directory listings.## HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to# directory indexes.The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txtand include it as plaintext if found.#ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADERIndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignoreand not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canthen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the same# as the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .it# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canthen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the same# as the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .itLanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languagesin case of a tie during content negotiation.Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.#LanguagePriority en fr deType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tomake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution)will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtml#AddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phps## AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers",# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server# or added with the Action command (see below)LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languagesin case of a tie during content negotiation.Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.#LanguagePriority en fr deType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tomake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution)will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtml#AddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phps## AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers",# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server# or added with the Action command (see below)#If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outsideScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgiTo use server-parsed HTML filesAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtml Uncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP file feature#AddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, use#If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outsideScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgiTo use server-parsed HTML filesAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtml Uncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP file feature#AddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, useAddHandler imap-file mapenable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map var Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenevera matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL# pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.# Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location# Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/locationMetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which Apache can find meta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers# to include when sending the documentMetaDir .webAddHandler imap-file mapenable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map var Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenevera matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL# pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.# Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location# Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/locationMetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which Apache can find meta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers# to include when sending the documentMetaDir .web # MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing themeta information.MetaSuffix .meta#Customizable error response (Apache style) these come in three flavors 1) plain textErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo.  n.b. the (") marks it as text, it does not get output# 2) local redirectsErrorDocument 404 /missing.html to redirect to local URL /missing.htmlErrorDocument 404 /cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl N.B.: You can redirect to a script or a document using server-side-includes. 3) external redirects # MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing themeta information.MetaSuffix .meta#Customizable error response (Apache style) these come in three flavors 1) plain textErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo.  n.b. the (") marks it as text, it does not get output# 2) local redirectsErrorDocument 404 /missing.html to redirect to local URL /missing.htmlErrorDocument 404 /cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl N.B.: You can redirect to a script or a document using server-side-includes. 3) external redirects#ErrorDocument 402 http://some.other_server.com/subscription_info.htmlN.B.: Many of the environment variables associated with the original request will *not* be available to such a script. The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.# The first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers thatspoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementations.The second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properlysupport keepalive when it is used on 301 or 302 (redirect) responses.BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepaliveBrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0  The following directive disables HTTP/1.1 responses to browsers whichare in violation of the HTTP/1.0 spec by not being able to grok a basic 1.1 response.BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0#ErrorDocument 402 http://some.other_server.com/subscription_info.htmlN.B.: Many of the environment variables associated with the original request will *not* be available to such a script. The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.# The first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers thatspoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementations.The second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properlysupport keepalive when it is used on 301 or 302 (redirect) responses.BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepaliveBrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0  The following directive disables HTTP/1.1 responses to browsers whichare in violation of the HTTP/1.0 spec by not being able to grok a basic 1.1 response.BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0# Allow server status reports, with the URL of http://servername/server-statusChange the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable. SetHandler server-status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from .your_domain.com## Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL ofhttp://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.SetHandler server-info# Order deny,allow# Deny from allBrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0# Allow server status reports, with the URL of http://servername/server-statusChange the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable. SetHandler server-status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from .your_domain.com## Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL ofhttp://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.SetHandler server-info# Order deny,allow# Deny from all# Allow from .your_domain.com# There have been reports of people trying to abuse an old bug from pre-1.1days. This bug involved a CGI script distributed as a part of Apache. By uncommenting these lines you can redirect these attacks to a loggingscript on phf.apache.org. Or, you can record them yourself, using the scriptsupport/phf_abuse_log.cgi. Deny from all# ErrorDocument 403 http://phf.apache.org/phf_abuse_log.cgiProxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines toenable the proxy server:ProxyRequests On# Allow from .your_domain.com# There have been reports of people trying to abuse an old bug from pre-1.1days. This bug involved a CGI script distributed as a part of Apache. By uncommenting these lines you can redirect these attacks to a loggingscript on phf.apache.org. Or, you can record them yourself, using the scriptsupport/phf_abuse_log.cgi. Deny from all# ErrorDocument 403 http://phf.apache.org/phf_abuse_log.cgiProxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines toenable the proxy server:ProxyRequests On Order deny,allow# Deny from allAllow from .your_domain.comEnable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers.("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers)Set to one of: Off | On | Full | BlockProxyVia On# To enable the cache as well, edit and uncomment the following lines:(no cacheing without CacheRoot)CacheRoot "/usr/local/proxy"CacheSize 5CacheGcInterval 4CacheMaxExpire 24CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1 Order deny,allow# Deny from allAllow from .your_domain.comEnable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers.("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers)Set to one of: Off | On | Full | BlockProxyVia On# To enable the cache as well, edit and uncomment the following lines:(no cacheing without CacheRoot)CacheRoot "/usr/local/proxy"CacheSize 5CacheGcInterval 4CacheMaxExpire 24CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1CacheDefaultExpire 1NoCache a_domain.com another_domain.edu joes.garage_sale.com End of proxy directives.## Section 3: Virtual HostsVirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on yourmachine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them.Please see the documentation at  for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual hostconfiguration.If you want to use name-based virtual hosts you need to define at least one IP address (and port number) for them.NameVirtualHost 12.34.56.78:80NameVirtualHost 12.34.56.78CacheDefaultExpire 1NoCache a_domain.com another_domain.edu joes.garage_sale.com End of proxy directives.## Section 3: Virtual HostsVirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on yourmachine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them.Please see the documentation at  for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual hostconfiguration.If you want to use name-based virtual hosts you need to define at least one IP address (and port number) for them.NameVirtualHost 12.34.56.78:80NameVirtualHost 12.34.56.78 VirtualHost example:# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.# ServerAdmin webmaster@host.some_domain.com DocumentRoot /www/docs/host.some_domain.comServerName host.some_domain.com ErrorLog logs/host.some_domain.com-error_log CustomLog logs/host.some_domain.com-access_log common    Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? ABORT[ Exit cancelled ]^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell # There have been reports of people trying to abuse an old bug from pre-1.1 days. This bug involved a CGI script distributed as a part of Apache.By uncommenting these lines you can redirect these attacks to a logging# script on phf.apache.org. Or, you can record them yourself, using the script support/phf_abuse_log.cgi. Deny from all ErrorDocument 403 http://phf.apache.org/phf_abuse_log.cgi# Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines toenable the proxy server:ProxyRequests On# Order deny,allowDeny from all Allow from .your_domain.com Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers.("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers)Set to one of: Off | On | Full | BlockProxyVia On# To enable the cache as well, edit and uncomment the following lines: (no cacheing without CacheRoot)##CacheRoot "/usr/local/proxy"#CacheSize 5#CacheGcInterval 4#CacheMaxExpire 24#CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1#CacheDefaultExpire 1#NoCache a_domain.com another_domain.edu joes.garage_sale.com#The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior. first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers thatspoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementationsThe second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properly keepalive when it is used on 301 or 302 (redirect) responses.BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepaliveBrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0# The following directive disables HTTP/1.1 responses to browsers whichare in violation of the HTTP/1.0 spec by not being able to grok abasic 1.1 response.BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 Allow server status reports, with the URL of http://servername/server-statusChange the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.Location /server-status># SetHandler server-statusOrder deny,allow Deny from all Allow from .your_domain.com # Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL ofhttp://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable. SetHandler server-info  Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from .your_domain.comAddHandler type-map varAction lets you define media types that will execute a script whenevera matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URLpathnames for oft-used CGI file processors.Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/locationFormat: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location##MetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which Apache can findmeta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers to include when sending the documentMetaDir .web## MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing the# meta information.MetaSuffix .meta Customizable error response (Apache style)these come in three flavors1) plain textErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo. n.b. the (") marks it as text, it does not get output#2) local redirectsErrorDocument 404 /missing.htmlto redirect to local URL /missing.htmlErrorDocument 404 /cgi-bin/missing_handler.plN.B.: You can redirect to a script or a document using server-side-includes.3) external redirects ErrorDocument 402 http://some.other_server.com/subscription_info.htmlN.B.: Many of the environment variables associated with the originalrequest will *not* be available to such a script.#The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.# AddType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or tomake certain files to be certain types.For example, the PHP3 module (not part of the Apache distribution) will typically use:AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtmlAddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phpsAddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers", actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the serveror added with the Action command (see below) If you want to use server side includes, or CGI outside# ScriptAliased directories, uncomment the following lines.To use CGI scripts:AddHandler cgi-script .cgi#To use server-parsed HTML filesAddType text/html .shtmlAddHandler server-parsed .shtmlUncomment the following line to enable Apache's send-asis HTTP filefeatureAddHandler send-as-is asisIf you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, useAddHandler imap-file map To enable type maps, you might want to use#AddHandler type-map varand include it as plaintext if found.ReadmeName READMEHeaderName HEADERIndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted.IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+) uncompressinformation on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothingto do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above.AddEncoding x-compress ZAddEncoding x-gzip gz ## AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of a document. You canthen use content negotiation to give a browser a file in a languageit can understand. Note that the suffix does not have to be the sameas the language keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose# net-standard language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po"# to avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts.#AddLanguage en .enAddLanguage fr .frAddLanguage de .deAddLanguage da .daAddLanguage el .elAddLanguage it .it LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages in case of a tie during content negotiation.# Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference.LanguagePriority en fr de # AddType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or toAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdfAddIcon /icons/text.gif .txtAddIcon /icons/c.gif .cAddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .pyAddIcon /icons/f.gif .forAddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dviAddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uuAddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tclAddIcon /icons/tex.gif .texAddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif ..AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif READMEAddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ ## DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon# explicitly set.DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gifAddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file inserver-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed directories.Format: AddDescription "description" filename##AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz#AddDescription "tar archive" .tar#AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz## ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for bydefault, and append to directory listings.HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended todirectory indexes.# The server will first look for name.html and include it if found.# If name.html doesn't exist, the server will then look for name.txtand include it as plaintext if found.# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.# AllowOverride None  Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all## Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist in# your server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell the# clients where to look for the relocated document.# Format: Redirect old-URI new-URL ##Directives controlling the display of server-generated directory listings.# FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or standard#IndexOptions FancyIndexingAddIcon* directives tell the server which icon to show for differentfiles or filename extensions. These are only displayed forFancyIndexed directories.AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzipAddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exeAddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqxAddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tarAddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .ivAddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zipAddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .epsAddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf(Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log combined## Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host# name to server-generated pages (error documents, FTP directory listings,# mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated documents).# Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.Set to one of: On | Off | EMailServerSignature OnAliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is# Alias fakename realnameNote that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server willrequire it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this# example, only "/icons/"..Alias /icons/ "/usr/local/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all ## ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that# documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client.# The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to# Alias.#ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/cgi-bin/"## "/usr/local/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.#ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a  container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.ErrorLog /usr/local/logs/error_logLogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,# alert, emerg. #LogLevel warnThe following directives define some format nicknames for use witha CustomLog directive (see below).LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combinedLogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" commonLogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" refererLogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent## The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).# If you do not define any access logfiles within a # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be# logged therein and *not* in this file.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/access_log commonIf you would like to have agent and referer logfiles, uncomment thefollowing directives.CustomLog /usr/local/logs/referer_log referer#CustomLog /usr/local/logs/agent_log agent If you prefer a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information(Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) isto be found.TypesConfig /usr/local/conf/mime.types# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" isa good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applicationsor images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead tokeep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they aretext.#DefaultType text/plain The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from thecontents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.# mod_mime_magic is not part of the default server (you have to add# it yourself with a LoadModule [see the DSO paragraph in the 'Global# Environment' section], or recompile the server and include mod_mime_magic# as part of the configuration), so it's enclosed in an container.This means that the MIMEMagicFile directive will only be processed if themodule is part of the server. MIMEMagicFile /usr/local/conf/magic ## HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addressese.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if peoplehad to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means thateach client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the nameserver.HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a directory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.DirectoryIndex index.html#AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directoryfor access control information.AccessFileName .htaccessThe following lines prevent .htaccess files from being viewed byWeb clients. Since .htaccess files often contain authorizationinformation, access is disallowed for security reasons. Comment# these lines out if you want Web visitors to see the contents of# .htaccess files. If you change the AccessFileName directive above,be sure to make the corresponding changes here. Order allow,deny Deny from allCacheNegotiatedDocs: By default, Apache sends "Pragma: no-cache" with eachdocument that was negotiated on the basis of content. This asks proxyservers not to cache the document. Uncommenting the following line disables# this behavior, and proxies will be allowed to cache the documents.##CacheNegotiatedDocsUseCanonicalName: (new for 1.3) With this setting turned on, wheneverApache needs to construct a self-referencing URL (a URL that refers backto the server the response is coming from) it will use ServerName and Port to form a "canonical" name. With this setting off, Apache willuse the hostname:port that the client supplied, when possible. This also affects SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT in CGI scripts.UseCanonicalName OnTypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) isto be found. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all# UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's home# directory if a ~user request is received.#UserDir public_htmlontrol access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# Order allow,deny Allow from all   Order deny,allow Deny from all #DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTMLdirectory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.##ServerName magenta.ils.unc.edu DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respect# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that# directory (and its subdirectories).## First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow.This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes", "Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".#Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinkseffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80#If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.. On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;# don't use Group nobody on these systems!#User nobody Group nobody ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.edu ServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients for# your server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use# "www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name youdefine here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changethe order below without expert advice.Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus# Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a# definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150#MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.#MaxRequestsPerChild 30 Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80# BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.##ResourceConfig conf/srm.conf#AccessConfig conf/access.conf Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300 KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanne request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive On# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15 Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a single Netscape browser). #It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available at );# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/home/html"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT or USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left at# its default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs# directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock ## PidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid ## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignorethese files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.#consult the online docs. You have been warned.After this file is processed, the server will look for and process/usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.confunless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/orAccessConfig directives here.The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts. 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the  same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginwith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".### Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files. ## ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)## httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.is is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains theconfiguration directives that give the server its instructions.See for detailed information aboutthe directives.Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understandingwhat they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsureconsult the online docs. You have been warned.After this file is processed, the server will look for and process/usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.confunless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/orAccessConfig directives here.The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment').2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. These directives also provide default values for the settingsof all virtual hosts. 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process. # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginwith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".# ## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/home/html"can find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/home/html"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file." " " " " " " " " u"s"r"/"l"c"o"" " o"c"a"l"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT or USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left at# its default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs# directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock ## PidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid ## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignorethese files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.##ResourceConfig conf/srm.conf#AccessConfig conf/access.conf Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300 KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanne request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts. 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the  same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginwith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".### Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files. ## ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available at );# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT or USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left at## httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains theconfiguration directives that give the server its instructions.See for detailed information aboutthe directives.Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure consult the online docs. You have been warned.After this file is processed, the server will look for and process/usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.confunless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/orAccessConfig directives here.#The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment').2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settingsof all virtual hosts. 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by thesame Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginwith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".### Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it  1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"can find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itServer-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forserver, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.##Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server.# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,denyAllow from all  Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /../bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd nobody 11372 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11373 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11374 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11375 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11376 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11371 0.3 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:22 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../confapachectl stop /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd stopped [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. /conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% lpico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.below.#This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None#Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from allUserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's home# directory if a ~user request is received.#UserDir public_html #Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExecDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.#Directory "/home/html">This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you. Options Indexes FollowSymLinks This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit"ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should bee-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.#ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understand# this, ask your network administrator.# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.# You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)# anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.DocumentRoot "/home/html" ## Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions.FollowSymLinksAllowOverride NoneNote that from this point forward you must specifically allow#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a# definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment'section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration.Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. For ports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80#If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.. On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup". . On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user.NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;# don't use Group nobody on these systems!#User nobody Group nobody isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.#MaxRequestsPerChild 30 Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80# BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changethe order below without expert advice.Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus# Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus OnKeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15 Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a single Netscape browser). #It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150#MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid ## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignorethese files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.##ResourceConfig conf/srm.conf#AccessConfig conf/access.conf Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300 KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanne request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive On# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.### Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files. ## ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available at );# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT or USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left at# its default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs# directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock ## PidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.See for detailed information aboutthe directives.Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.After this file is processed, the server will look for and proces/usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.confunless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/orAccessConfig directives here.The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as awhole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the  same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".# ## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/home/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.Modified" " " " " " " " " b"u"l"l"s"h"i"t"DocumentRoot "/bullshit"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None "> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> b">u">l">l">s">h">i">t"> Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/bullshit" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.Modified/"h"t"m"l"DocumentRoot "/bullshit/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None  ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None #Controls who can get stuff from this server. Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's homedirectory if a ~user request is received.UserDir public_html ## Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an examplefor a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig LimitOptions MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec# # Order allow,deny/">h">t">m">l"> Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /bullshit [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% mkdir html [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% chmod 755 hmlttml [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls html/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd /usr/local/bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% paapachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd nobody 11408 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11409 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11410 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11411 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11412 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11407 0.6 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:28 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../usrlls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl stop /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd stopped [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it can find its configuration files.# ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becauseScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.#ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,# srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files are# now distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.confTimeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#MaxKeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the# same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.as error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/bullshit/html" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below.Modified" " " " " DocumentRoot "/bullshit"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None "> "> "> "> ">  Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% acd ../bullshit/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls html/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% rm htmlcd /usr/loclal/bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pa=apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps auzx |gremp httpd nobody 11438 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11439 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11440 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11441 0.1 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11442 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11437 0.7 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:30 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../conf [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ New file ] File: httpd[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico conf.httpd  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ New file ]File: conf.httpd[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls access.conf httpd.conf magic mime.types srm.conf access.conf.default httpd.conf.default magic.default mime.types.default srm.conf.default [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.cong  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ New file ]File: httpd.cong[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pico httpd.conf  UW PICO(tm) 3.4 New Buffer ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Pg ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where is ^V Next Pg ^U UnCut Text ^T To Spell [ Reading file ][ Read 848 lines ]File: httpd.conf#### httpd.conf -- Apache HTTP server configuration file#### Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.## This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.# See for detailed information about# the directives.## Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure# consult the online docs. You have been warned.## After this file is processed, the server will look for and process# /usr/local/conf/srm.conf and then /usr/local/conf/access.conf# unless you have overridden these with ResourceConfig and/or# AccessConfig directives here.## The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:# 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a# whole (the 'global environment').# 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.# These directives also provide default values for the settings# of all virtual hosts.# 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to# different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the# same Apache server process.## Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by the# server as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".#### Section 1: Global Environment## The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itModified # See for detailed information about # See for detailed information about# See for detailed information about # See for detailed information about  1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a whole (the 'global environment'). 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,# which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.These directives also provide default values for the settings of all virtual hosts.3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the same Apache server process.Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for manyof the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), theserver will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* beginith "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache" will be interpreted by theserver as "/usr/local/apache/logs/foo.log".## Section 1: Global EnvironmentThe directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where itcan find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"can find its configuration files.ServerType is either inetd, or standalone. Inetd mode is only supported onUnix platforms.ServerType standaloneServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server'sconfiguration, error, and log files are kept.NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation(available at );you will save yourself a lot of trouble.# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local"The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logsdirectory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to# the filename.#LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lockPidFile: The file in which the server should record its processidentification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pidScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15# Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many# server processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.inSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10 Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.#StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the numberof clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process isallowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe the# libraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, this# isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks# in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.  Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directive# is used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can either# contain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.  Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't change the order below without expert advice.#Example:LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.soExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On## Section 2: 'Main' server configurationThe directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file.All of these directives may appear inside containers,in which case these default settings will be overridden for thevirtual host being defined.# reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaksin the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80# BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.BindAddress *# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Supporto be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so thedirectives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changesees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10  ## Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5 Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number of clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is ever# reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from takingthe system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit soas to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaksin the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/orports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#KeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes tohandle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transientload spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).## It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of thespares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10  ## Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5# ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directives be kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out values# below are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore# these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf#Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.#KeepAliveRequests 100KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from thesame client on the same connection.KeepAliveTimeout 15Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.ServerRoot "/usr/local" ## The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apacheis compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT orUSE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left atits default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCALDISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended tothe filename.LockFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.lock  PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process# identification number when it starts.PidFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.pid ## ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know becausethis file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure thatno two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directives be kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out values# below are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore# these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or"nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf#Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.Not all architectures require this. But if yours does (you'll know because# this file will be created when you run Apache) then you *must* ensure that# no two invocations of Apache share the same scoreboard file.ScoreBoardFile /usr/local/logs/httpd.scoreboardIn the standard configuration, the server will process httpd.conf,srm.conf, and access.conf in that order. The latter two files arenow distributed empty, as it is recommended that all directivesbe kept in a single file for simplicity. The commented-out valuesbelow are the built-in defaults. You can have the server ignore these files altogether by using "/dev/null" (for Unix) or# "nul" (for Win32) for the arguments to the directives.ResourceConfig conf/srm.confAccessConfig conf/access.conf ## Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.Timeout 300KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more thanone request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.#KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allowduring a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the same client on the same connection.#KeepAliveTimeout 15KeepAliveTimeout 15Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how manyserver processes you need, Apache dynamically adapts to the load itsees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to# handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient# load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a singleNetscape browser).It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waitingfor a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it createsa new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the spares die off. The default values in httpd.conf-dist are probably OKfor most sites.MinSpareServers 5MaxSpareServers 10#Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable ballparkfigure.StartServers 5Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number f clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is everreached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.# It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking# the system with it as it spirals down...MaxClients 150MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is# allowed to process before the child dies. The child will exit so# as to avoid problems after prolonged use when Apache (and maybe thelibraries it uses) leak memory or other resources. On most systems, thisisn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks in the libraries.MaxRequestsPerChild 30MaxRequestsPerChild 30Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or ports, in addition to the default. See also the directive.Listen 3000Listen 12.34.56.78:80 BindAddress: You can support virtual hosts with this option. This directiveis used to tell the server which IP address to listen to. It can eithercontain "*", an IP address, or a fully qualified Internet domain name.See also the and Listen directives.#BindAddress * #Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) SupportTo be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO youhave to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.# Please read the file README.DSO in the Apache 1.3 distribution for moredetails about the DSO mechanism and run `httpd -l' for the list of alreadybuilt-in (statically linked and thus always available) modules in your httpdbinary.Note: The order is which modules are loaded is important. Don't changeorder below without expert advice. # Example:# LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" statusinformation (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatusOff) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.ExtendedStatus On  ### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#### Section 2: 'Main' server configuration#The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a  definition. These values also provide defaults forany containers you may define later in the file. All of these directives may appear inside containers, in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.If your ServerType directive (set earlier in the 'Global Environment' section) is set to "inetd", the next few directives don't have anyeffect since their settings are defined by the inetd configuration. Skip ahead to the ServerAdmin directive.# Port: The port to which the standalone server listens. Forports < 1023, you will need httpd to be run as root initially.Port 80If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must runhttpd as root initially and it will switch.User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.  . On SCO (ODT 3) use "User nouser" and "Group nogroup".. On HPUX you may not be able to use shared memory as nobody, and the suggested workaround is to create a user www and use that user. NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(Group) or semctl(IPC_SET)# when the value of (unsigned)Group is above 60000;don't use Group nobody on these systems!User nobodyGroup nobody # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents. e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, suchas error documents.ServerAdmin adam@magenta.ils.unc.eduServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients foryour server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e., use"www" instead of the host's real name).Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The name you# define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you don't understandthis, ask your network administrator.host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.You will have to access it by its address (e.g., http://123.45.67.89/)anyway, and this will make redirections work in a sensible way.ServerName magenta.ils.unc.eduDocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve yourdocuments. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, butsymbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/bullshit" Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None#Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it below." " " " " " " " h"o"m"e"/"h"t"m"l"symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. DocumentRoot "/home/html"#Each directory to which Apache has access, can be configured with respectto which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in thatdirectory (and its subdirectories).First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set ofpermissions. Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allowparticular features to be enabled - so if something's not working asyou might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled itbelow. ## This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.This may also be "None", "All", or any combination of "Indexes","Includes", "FollowSymLinks", "ExecCGI", or "MultiViews".Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"# doesn't give it to you.#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks#This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories canoverride. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo","AuthConfig", and "Limit" AllowOverride None"> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> "> /">h">o">m">e">.">h">"> "> /">h">t">m">o">"> ,">.">"> "> l"> Y Yes C Cancel N No Save modified buffer (ANSWERING "No" WILL DESTROY CHANGES) ? YesFile Name to write : httpd.conf^G Get Help ^T To Files TAB Complete [ Writing... ][ Wrote 848 lines ][magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ../cinbin bin: No such file or directory. [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd .. /bin [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% apachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd (pid 11437) already running [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd ..apachectl stpoop /usr/local/bin/apachectl stop: httpd stopped [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cdapachectl start /usr/local/bin/apachectl start: httpd started [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps\ PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:01 -csh -i 11473 p7 R 0:00 ps 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND nobody 11465 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11466 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11467 0.0 1.5 1660 976 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11468 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11469 0.1 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11470 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11471 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11472 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd rajiv 6541 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh rajiv 6567 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh root 1 0.0 0.6 764 380 ? S Jan 19 0:03 init [3] root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (kflushd) root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW< Jan 19 0:00 (kswapd) root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 36 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/kerneld root 207 0.0 0.6 796 420 ? S Jan 19 0:00 syslogd root 216 0.0 0.8 912 528 ? S Jan 19 0:00 klogd root 237 0.0 0.7 852 464 ? S Jan 19 0:00 crond root 248 0.0 0.6 788 424 ? S Jan 19 0:00 inetd root 259 0.0 0.6 824 400 ? S Jan 19 0:00 lpd root 275 0.0 1.4 1404 900 ? S Jan 19 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 root 287 0.0 0.5 744 332 ? S Jan 19 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 310 0.0 0.3 720 220 ? S Jan 19 0:05 update (bdflush) root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4246 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S 08:43 0:00 script apache.txt root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6540 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:00 in.telnetd root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6566 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:03 in.telnetd root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:01 -csh -i root 11464 0.0 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11474 0.0 0.7 856 496 p7 R 18:35 0:00 ps aux root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% naman auzx No manual entry for aux [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% man ps [?1h= PS(1) Linux Programmer's Manual PS(1) NAME ps - report process status SYNOPSIS ps [-] [lujsvmaxScewhrnu] [txx] [O[+|-]k1[[+|-]k2...]] [pids] there are also three long options: --sortX[+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] --help --version More long options are on the way... DESCRIPTION ps gives a snapshot of the current processes. If you want a repetitive update of this status, use top. This man page documents the /proc-based version of ps, or tries to. COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS The command-line options for this version of ps are derived from the BSD version of ps, not the System V ver- sion. The command-line arguments should not be preceeded by a `-' character, because in the future, a `-' will be used to indicate Unix98-standard command-line arguments, while no `-' will indicate the current ``extended BSD'' style of command line arguments. For now, ps will give you a warning if you use a `-' for a short option, but it will still work. If you have shell scripts which use BSD-style arguments to ps, take heed of the warning and fix them, or else your scripts will fail to function correctly at some point in the future. If you want to turn off the warnings, set the I_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS environment variable. There are also some ``long options'' in GNU style; see below for those. l long format u user format: gives user name and start time j jobs format: pgid sid s signal format v vm format m displays memory info (combine with p flag to get number of pages). f "forest" family tree format for command line a show processes of other users too x show processes without controlling terminal S add child cpu time and page faults line 1 c command name from task_struct e show environment after command line and ` + ' w wide output: don't truncate command lines to fit on one line. To be exact, every w that is specified will add another possible line to the output. If the space isn't needed it isn't used. You may up to 100 w's. h no header r running procs only n numeric output for USER and WCHAN. txx only procs with controlling tty xx; for xx you may use either the name of a device file under "/dev" or that name with either tty or cu sliced off. This is the reverse heuristic that ps uses to print out the abbreviated tty name in the TT field, e.g. ps -t1. O[+|-]k1[,[+|-]k2[,...]] Order the process listing according to the multi-level sort specified by the sequence of short keys from SORT KEYS, k1, k2, ... Default order specifications exist for each of the various formats of ps. These are over-ridden by a user specified ordering. The `+' is quite optional, merely re-iterating the default direction on a key. `-' reverses direction only on the key it precedes. As with t and pids, the O option must be the last option in a single command argument, but specifications in successive arguments are cate- nated. pids List only the specified processes; they are comma-delimited. The list must be given immediately after the last option in a single command-line argument, with no intervening space, e.g. ps -j1,4,5. Lists speci- fied in subsequent arguments are catenated, e.g. ps -l 1,2 3,4 5 6 will list all of the processes 1-6 in long format. If pids are given, they are listed no matter what. If a tty is given matching processes are listed no matter what. These two features override the 'a' and 'x' flags. LONG COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS These options are preceeded by a double-hyphen. --sortX[+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] Choose a multi-letter key from the SORT KEYS section. X may be any convenient separator character. To be GNU-ish use `='. The `+' is really optional since default direction is increasing numerical or lexico- graphic order. E.g.: ps -jax --sort=uid,-ppid,+pid --help Get a help message that summarizes the usage and gives a list of supported sort keys. This list may be more up to date than this man page. --version Display version and source of this program. SORT KEYS Note that the values used in sorting are the internal values ps uses and not the `cooked' values used in some of the output format fields. If someone wants to volunteer to write special comparison functions for the cooked values, ... ;-) SHORT LONG DESCRIPTION c cmd simple name of executable line 53 C cmdline full command line f flags flags as in long format F field g pgrp process group ID G tpgid controlling tty process group ID j cutime cumulative user time J cstime cumulative system time k utime user time K stime system time m min_flt number of minor page faults M maj_flt number of major page faults n cmin_flt cumulative minor page faults N cmaj_flt cumulative major page faults o session session ID p pid process ID P ppid parent process ID r rss resident set size R resident resident pages s size memory size in kilobytes S share amount of shared pages t tty the minor device number of tty T start_time time process was started U uid user ID number u user user name v vsize total VM size in bytes y priority kernel scheduling priority FIELD DESCRIPTIONS PRI This is the counter field in the task struct. It is the time in HZ of the process's possible timeslice. NI Standard unix nice value; a positive value means less cpu time. SIZE Virtual image size; size of text+data+stack. RSS Resident set size; kilobytes of program in memory. WCHAN Name of the kernel function where the process is sleeping, with the `sys_' stripped from the function name. If /etc/psdatabase does not exist, it is just a hex number instead. STAT Information about the status of the process. The first field is R for runnable, S for sleeping, D for uninterruptible sleep, T for stopped or traced, or Z for a zombie process. The second field contains W if the process has no resident pages. The third field is N if the process has a positive nice value (NI field). TT Controlling tty. PAGEIN Number of major page faults (page faults that cause pages to be read from disk, including pages read from line 101 the buffer cache). TRS Text resident size. SWAP Kilobytes (or pages if -p is used) on swap device. SHARE Shared memory. UPDATING This proc-based ps works by reading the files in the proc filesystem, mounted on /proc. This ps does not need to be suid kmem or have any privileges to run. Do not give this ps any special permissions. You will need to update the /etc/psdatabase file by running /usr/sbin/psupdate to get meaningful information from the WCHAN field. This should be done every time you compile a new kernel. You should also run 'ps' as root once and then any time the tty devices in the "/dev" directory change. As of procps-1.00, ps/top read System.map directly if it is available. The search path for kernel address-to- symbol resolution is: $PS_SYSTEM_MAP /boot/System.map-`uname -r` /boot/System.map /lib/modules/`uname -r`/System.map /etc/psdatabase /boot/psdatabase-`uname -r` /boot/psdatabase, /lib/modules/`uname -r`/psdatabase NOTES The member used_math of task_struct is not shown, since crt0.s checks to see if math is present. This causes the math flag to be set for all processes, and so it is worthless. Programs swapped out to disk will be shown without command line arguments, and unless the c option is given, in parentheses. %CPU shows the cputime/realtime percentage. It will not add up to 100% unless you are lucky. It is time used divided by the time the process has been running. The SIZE and RSS fields don't count the page tables and the task_struct of a proc; this is at least 12k of mem- ory that is always resident. SIZE is the virtual size of the proc (code+data+stack). To perform the device number to name mapping ps maintains a file called "/etc/psdevtab" (updated whenever "/dev" becomes newer and permissions allow update). If permissions do not allow update, every invokation of ps requires a stat(2) of every file in the "/dev" directory. If "/dev" entries change often on your system, you should run ps as root often. I may add a fallback file under $HOME under force of popular demand. AUTHOR ps was originally written by Branko Lankester . Michael K. Johnson line 149 re-wrote it significantly to use the proc filesystem, changing a few things in the process. Michael Shields added the pid-list feature. Charles Blake added multi-level sorting, the dirent-style library, the device name-to-number mmaped database, the approximate binary search directly on System.map, and many code and documentation cleanups. David Mossberger-Tang wrote the generic BFD support for psupdate. Michael K. Johnson is the current maintainer. Please send bug reports to Cohesive Systems 3 Sep 1997 1 [?1l>[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps a PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:01 -csh -i 11486 p7 R 0:00 ps a 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 6541 p0 S 0:00 -tcsh 6567 p3 S 0:00 -tcsh [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps au USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND rajiv 6541 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh rajiv 6567 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:01 -csh -i root 11487 0.0 0.7 848 488 p7 R 18:36 0:00 ps au root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps x PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? S 0:03 init [3] 2 ? SW 0:00 (kflushd) 3 ? SW< 0:00 (kswapd) 4 ? SW 0:00 (md_thread) 5 ? SW 0:00 (md_thread) 36 ? S 0:00 /sbin/kerneld 207 ? S 0:00 syslogd 216 ? S 0:00 klogd 237 ? S 0:00 crond 248 ? S 0:00 inetd 259 ? S 0:00 lpd 275 ? S 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 287 ? S 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 310 ? S 0:05 update (bdflush) 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4246 ? S 0:00 script apache.txt 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6540 ? S 0:00 in.telnetd 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6566 ? S 0:03 in.telnetd 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:01 -csh -i 11464 ? S 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd 11488 p7 R 0:00 ps x 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps usx USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.6 764 380 ? S Jan 19 0:03 init [3] root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (kflushd) root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW< Jan 19 0:00 (kswapd) root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 36 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/kerneld root 207 0.0 0.6 796 420 ? S Jan 19 0:00 syslogd root 216 0.0 0.8 912 528 ? S Jan 19 0:00 klogd root 237 0.0 0.7 852 464 ? S Jan 19 0:00 crond root 248 0.0 0.6 788 424 ? S Jan 19 0:00 inetd root 259 0.0 0.6 824 400 ? S Jan 19 0:00 lpd root 275 0.0 1.4 1404 900 ? S Jan 19 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 root 287 0.0 0.5 744 332 ? S Jan 19 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 310 0.0 0.3 720 220 ? S Jan 19 0:05 update (bdflush) root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4246 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S 08:43 0:00 script apache.txt root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6540 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:00 in.telnetd root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6566 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:03 in.telnetd root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:01 -csh -i root 11464 0.0 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11489 0.0 0.7 856 496 p7 R 18:36 0:00 ps ux root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND nobody 11465 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11466 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11467 0.0 1.5 1660 976 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11468 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11469 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11470 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11471 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11472 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd rajiv 6541 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh rajiv 6567 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh root 1 0.0 0.6 764 380 ? S Jan 19 0:03 init [3] root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (kflushd) root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW< Jan 19 0:00 (kswapd) root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 36 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/kerneld root 207 0.0 0.6 796 420 ? S Jan 19 0:00 syslogd root 216 0.0 0.8 912 528 ? S Jan 19 0:00 klogd root 237 0.0 0.7 852 464 ? S Jan 19 0:00 crond root 248 0.0 0.6 788 424 ? S Jan 19 0:00 inetd root 259 0.0 0.6 824 400 ? S Jan 19 0:00 lpd root 275 0.0 1.4 1404 900 ? S Jan 19 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 root 287 0.0 0.5 744 332 ? S Jan 19 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 310 0.0 0.3 720 220 ? S Jan 19 0:05 update (bdflush) root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4246 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S 08:43 0:00 script apache.txt root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6540 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:00 in.telnetd root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6566 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:03 in.telnetd root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:01 -csh -i root 11464 0.0 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11490 0.0 0.7 856 496 p7 R 18:36 0:00 ps aux root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps a PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:01 -csh -i 11491 p7 R 0:00 ps a 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 6541 p0 S 0:00 -tcsh 6567 p3 S 0:00 -tcsh [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pas auxu USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:01 -csh -i root 11492 0.0 0.7 848 488 p7 R 18:37 0:00 ps u root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% pzx ps auxx PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? S 0:03 init [3] 2 ? SW 0:00 (kflushd) 3 ? SW< 0:00 (kswapd) 4 ? SW 0:00 (md_thread) 5 ? SW 0:00 (md_thread) 36 ? S 0:00 /sbin/kerneld 207 ? S 0:00 syslogd 216 ? S 0:00 klogd 237 ? S 0:00 crond 248 ? S 0:00 inetd 259 ? S 0:00 lpd 275 ? S 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 287 ? S 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 310 ? S 0:05 update (bdflush) 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4246 ? S 0:00 script apache.txt 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6540 ? S 0:00 in.telnetd 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6566 ? S 0:03 in.telnetd 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:01 -csh -i 11464 ? S 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd 11493 p7 R 0:00 ps x 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% makn ps [?1h= PS(1) Linux Programmer's Manual PS(1) NAME ps - report process status SYNOPSIS ps [-] [lujsvmaxScewhrnu] [txx] [O[+|-]k1[[+|-]k2...]] [pids] there are also three long options: --sortX[+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] --help --version More long options are on the way... DESCRIPTION ps gives a snapshot of the current processes. If you want a repetitive update of this status, use top. This man page documents the /proc-based version of ps, or tries to. COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS The command-line options for this version of ps are derived from the BSD version of ps, not the System V ver- sion. The command-line arguments should not be preceeded by a `-' character, because in the future, a `-' will be used to indicate Unix98-standard command-line arguments, while no `-' will indicate the current ``extended BSD'' style of command line arguments. For now, ps will give you a warning if you use a `-' for a short option, but it will still work. If you have shell scripts which use BSD-style arguments to ps, take heed of the warning and fix them, or else your scripts will fail to function correctly at some point in the future. If you want to turn off the warnings, set the I_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS environment variable. There are also some ``long options'' in GNU style; see below for those. l long format u user format: gives user name and start time j jobs format: pgid sid s signal format v vm format m displays memory info (combine with p flag to get number of pages). f "forest" family tree format for command line a show processes of other users too x show processes without controlling terminal S add child cpu time and page faults line 1 c command name from task_struct e show environment after command line and ` + ' w wide output: don't truncate command lines to fit on one line. To be exact, every w that is specified will add another possible line to the output. If the space isn't needed it isn't used. You may up to 100 w's. h no header r running procs only n numeric output for USER and WCHAN. txx only procs with controlling tty xx; for xx you may use either the name of a device file under "/dev" or that name with either tty or cu sliced off. This is the reverse heuristic that ps uses to print out the abbreviated tty name in the TT field, e.g. ps -t1. O[+|-]k1[,[+|-]k2[,...]] Order the process listing according to the multi-level sort specified by the sequence of short keys from SORT KEYS, k1, k2, ... Default order specifications exist for each of the various formats of ps. These are over-ridden by a user specified ordering. The `+' is quite optional, merely re-iterating the default direction on a key. `-' reverses direction only on the key it precedes. As with t and pids, the O option must be the last option in a single command argument, but specifications in successive arguments are cate- nated. pids List only the specified processes; they are comma-delimited. The list must be given immediately after the last option in a single command-line argument, with no intervening space, e.g. ps -j1,4,5. Lists speci- fied in subsequent arguments are catenated, e.g. ps -l 1,2 3,4 5 6 will list all of the processes 1-6 in long format. If pids are given, they are listed no matter what. If a tty is given matching processes are listed no matter what. These two features override the 'a' and 'x' flags. LONG COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS These options are preceeded by a double-hyphen. --sortX[+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] Choose a multi-letter key from the SORT KEYS section. X may be any convenient separator character. To be GNU-ish use `='. The `+' is really optional since default direction is increasing numerical or lexico- graphic order. E.g.: ps -jax --sort=uid,-ppid,+pid --help Get a help message that summarizes the usage and gives a list of supported sort keys. This list may be more up to date than this man page. --version Display version and source of this program. SORT KEYS Note that the values used in sorting are the internal values ps uses and not the `cooked' values used in some of the output format fields. If someone wants to volunteer to write special comparison functions for the cooked values, ... ;-) SHORT LONG DESCRIPTION c cmd simple name of executable line 53 C cmdline full command line f flags flags as in long format F field g pgrp process group ID G tpgid controlling tty process group ID j cutime cumulative user time J cstime cumulative system time k utime user time K stime system time m min_flt number of minor page faults M maj_flt number of major page faults n cmin_flt cumulative minor page faults N cmaj_flt cumulative major page faults o session session ID p pid process ID P ppid parent process ID r rss resident set size R resident resident pages s size memory size in kilobytes S share amount of shared pages t tty the minor device number of tty T start_time time process was started U uid user ID number u user user name v vsize total VM size in bytes y priority kernel scheduling priority FIELD DESCRIPTIONS PRI This is the counter field in the task struct. It is the time in HZ of the process's possible timeslice. NI Standard unix nice value; a positive value means less cpu time. SIZE Virtual image size; size of text+data+stack. RSS Resident set size; kilobytes of program in memory. WCHAN Name of the kernel function where the process is sleeping, with the `sys_' stripped from the function name. If /etc/psdatabase does not exist, it is just a hex number instead. STAT Information about the status of the process. The first field is R for runnable, S for sleeping, D for uninterruptible sleep, T for stopped or traced, or Z for a zombie process. The second field contains W if the process has no resident pages. The third field is N if the process has a positive nice value (NI field). TT Controlling tty. PAGEIN Number of major page faults (page faults that cause pages to be read from disk, including pages read from line 101 the buffer cache). TRS Text resident size. SWAP Kilobytes (or pages if -p is used) on swap device. SHARE Shared memory. UPDATING This proc-based ps works by reading the files in the proc filesystem, mounted on /proc. This ps does not need to be suid kmem or have any privileges to run. Do not give this ps any special permissions. You will need to update the /etc/psdatabase file by running /usr/sbin/psupdate to get meaningful information from the WCHAN field. This should be done every time you compile a new kernel. You should also run 'ps' as root once and then any time the tty devices in the "/dev" directory change. As of procps-1.00, ps/top read System.map directly if it is available. The search path for kernel address-to- symbol resolution is: $PS_SYSTEM_MAP /boot/System.map-`uname -r` /boot/System.map /lib/modules/`uname -r`/System.map /etc/psdatabase /boot/psdatabase-`uname -r` /boot/psdatabase, /lib/modules/`uname -r`/psdatabase NOTES The member used_math of task_struct is not shown, since crt0.s checks to see if math is present. This causes the math flag to be set for all processes, and so it is worthless. Programs swapped out to disk will be shown without command line arguments, and unless the c option is given, in parentheses. %CPU shows the cputime/realtime percentage. It will not add up to 100% unless you are lucky. It is time used divided by the time the process has been running. The SIZE and RSS fields don't count the page tables and the task_struct of a proc; this is at least 12k of mem- ory that is always resident. SIZE is the virtual size of the proc (code+data+stack). To perform the device number to name mapping ps maintains a file called "/etc/psdevtab" (updated whenever "/dev" becomes newer and permissions allow update). If permissions do not allow update, every invokation of ps requires a stat(2) of every file in the "/dev" directory. If "/dev" entries change often on your system, you should run ps as root often. I may add a fallback file under $HOME under force of popular demand. AUTHOR ps was originally written by Branko Lankester . Michael K. Johnson line 149 re-wrote it significantly to use the proc filesystem, changing a few things in the process. Michael Shields added the pid-list feature. Charles Blake added multi-level sorting, the dirent-style library, the device name-to-number mmaped database, the approximate binary search directly on System.map, and many code and documentation cleanups. David Mossberger-Tang wrote the generic BFD support for psupdate. Michael K. Johnson is the current maintainer. Please send bug reports to Cohesive Systems 3 Sep 1997 1 [?1l>[magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps a PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 304 2 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 306 4 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 307 5 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 308 6 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 460 3 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4247 p2 S 0:00 -csh -i 6550 p0 S 0:00 su 6551 p0 S 0:00 -csh 6576 p3 S 0:00 su 6577 p3 S 0:00 -csh 9060 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9061 p3 S 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt 9062 p7 S 0:02 -csh -i 11504 p7 R 0:00 ps a 16274 1 S 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 6541 p0 S 0:00 -tcsh 6567 p3 S 0:00 -tcsh [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps auxx USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND nobody 11465 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11466 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11467 0.0 1.5 1660 976 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11468 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11469 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11470 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11471 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11472 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd rajiv 6541 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh rajiv 6567 0.0 1.5 1540 976 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -tcsh root 1 0.0 0.6 764 380 ? S Jan 19 0:03 init [3] root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (kflushd) root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW< Jan 19 0:00 (kswapd) root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SW Jan 19 0:00 (md_thread) root 36 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/kerneld root 207 0.0 0.6 796 420 ? S Jan 19 0:00 syslogd root 216 0.0 0.8 912 528 ? S Jan 19 0:00 klogd root 237 0.0 0.7 852 464 ? S Jan 19 0:00 crond root 248 0.0 0.6 788 424 ? S Jan 19 0:00 inetd root 259 0.0 0.6 824 400 ? S Jan 19 0:00 lpd root 275 0.0 1.4 1404 900 ? S Jan 19 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections on port 25 root 287 0.0 0.5 744 332 ? S Jan 19 0:00 gpm -t ps/2 root 304 0.0 0.4 724 288 2 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 root 306 0.0 0.4 724 296 4 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 root 307 0.0 0.4 724 296 5 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 root 308 0.0 0.4 724 288 6 S Jan 19 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 root 310 0.0 0.3 720 220 ? S Jan 19 0:05 update (bdflush) root 460 0.0 0.4 724 288 3 S Jan 20 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 root 4246 0.0 0.5 736 340 ? S 08:43 0:00 script apache.txt root 4247 0.0 1.4 1452 912 p2 S 08:43 0:00 -csh -i root 6540 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:00 in.telnetd root 6550 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p0 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6551 0.0 1.7 1656 1112 p0 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 6566 0.0 1.0 1228 688 ? S 16:02 0:03 in.telnetd root 6576 0.0 1.4 1460 904 p3 S 16:02 0:00 su root 6577 0.0 1.6 1616 1072 p3 S 16:02 0:00 -csh root 9060 0.0 0.4 732 300 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9061 0.0 0.5 736 344 p3 S 17:32 0:00 script apache_modperl.txt root 9062 0.0 1.5 1528 1000 p7 S 17:32 0:02 -csh -i root 11464 0.0 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11505 0.0 0.7 856 496 p7 R 18:38 0:00 ps aux root 16274 0.0 0.4 724 296 1 S 10:40 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps |grep httpd 11507 p7 S 0:00 grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps au |grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps x |grep httpd 11464 ? S 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps aux |grep httpd nobody 11465 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11466 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11467 0.0 1.5 1660 976 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11468 0.0 1.3 1636 880 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11469 0.0 1.5 1668 1000 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11470 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11471 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd nobody 11472 0.0 1.4 1640 896 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd root 11464 0.0 1.4 1636 884 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/bin/httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps -elf warning: `-' deprecated; use `ps elf', not `ps -elf' FLAGS UID PID PPID PRI NI SIZE RSS WCHAN STA TTY TIME COMMAND 100100 0 304 1 0 0 724 288 read_chan S 2 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100100 0 306 1 0 0 724 296 read_chan S 4 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100100 0 307 1 0 0 724 296 read_chan S 5 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100100 0 308 1 0 0 724 288 read_chan S 6 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100100 0 460 1 0 0 724 288 read_chan S 3 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100100 0 16274 1 0 0 724 296 read_chan S 1 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 HOME=/ TERM=linux BOOT_IMAGE=linux AUTOBO 100 0 4247 4246 0 0 1452 912 read_chan S p2 0:00 -csh -i TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local/bin:/root/admin 100100 0 6550 6541 0 0 1460 904 wait4 S p0 0:00 su TERM=vt100 HOME=/home/users/rajiv PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin 100 0 6551 6550 0 0 1656 1112 read_chan S p0 0:00 \_ -csh TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/ 100100 0 6576 6567 0 0 1460 904 wait4 S p3 0:00 su TERM=vt100 HOME=/home/users/rajiv PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin 100 0 6577 6576 0 0 1616 1072 sigsuspend S p3 0:00 \_ -csh TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/ 100100 0 9060 6577 0 0 732 300 read_chan S p3 0:00 \_ script apache_modperl.txt TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH= 100140 0 9061 9060 0 0 736 344 read_chan S p3 0:00 \_ script apache_modperl.txt TERM=vt100 HOME=/root P 100 0 9062 9061 15 0 1528 1000 sigsuspend S p7 0:02 \_ -csh -i TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local 100100 0 11514 9062 19 0 968 548 R p7 0:00 \_ ps -elf TERM=vt100 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/l [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps -elf |grep httpd warning: `-' deprecated; use `ps elf', not `ps -elf' [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ps elf |grep httpd [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls ab* apxs* gimp* gtk-config* htpasswd* imapd* mtest* pico* pine* sdoom* apachectl* dbmmanage* gimptool* htdigest* httpd* logresolve* perl@ pilot* rotatelogs* xdoom* [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd . [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% cd / [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% ls bin/ bullshit/ etc/ html@ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ boot/ dev/ home/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ [magenta.ils.unc.edu]% eixxit exit Script done on Sun Jan 24 18:40:28 1999