Last time, I pointed you to two lexicons available online. This question also seems to be the kind of thing where a lexicon is the best starting point. So next time, you might want to start by telling us which lexicons you have looked at and what you learned from them. (If you aren't able to use a Greek lexicon yet, I would work on that skill first, we can help.)Solomon wrote: ↑July 7th, 2022, 9:18 pm The Greek Χριστός (Christ) in Septuagint many times. It was used for the translation of Hebrew word מָשִׁיחַ (Messiah) That was before the Christ.
It was used in Leviticus 4:3.
Did ancient Greek used the word "Χριστός" for anyone else? Anyone other than Messiah?
Was there any concept of Messiah in the ancient Greek culture?
Here's Abbott-Smith:
That points you to some of the significant Septuagint uses:χριστός (Χρ-), -ή, -όν (< χρίω), [in LXX for מָשִׁיחַ and cogn. forms ;]
1. 1. as adj.,
(a) of things, anointing, to be used as ointment (Æsch., Eur., al.; τ. ἔλαιον τὸ χ., Le 21:10);
(b) of persons, anointed (ὁ ἰερεὺς ὁ χ., Le 4:5; οἱ χ. ἰευρεῖς, II Mac 1:10): ὁ χ. τοῦ κυρίου or Θεοῦ (I Ki 2:10, Ps 2:2, al.), of the Messiah (Aram., מְשִׁיחָא; cf. Dalman, Words, 289 ff.), Lk 2:11, 26 Jo 1:41, Ac 2:36 4:26, al.
2. As subst., ὁ Χριστός, the Messiah, the Christ: Mt 2:4, Mk 8:29, Lk 2:11, Jo 1:20, Ac 2:31, Ro 7:4, al.; Ἰησοῦς, Mk 1:1, Jo 1:17, Ac 2:38, al.; Χ. Ἰησοῦς, Mt 1:18, WH, mg. [p. 485] Ac 5:42, Ro 6:3, al.; Χ. κύριος, Lk 2:11; Ἰησοῦς Χ. ὁ κύριος, Ac 15:26, Ro 1:7, al.
- Leviticus 4:5
καὶ λαβὼν ὁ ἱερεὺς ὁ χριστὸς ὁ τετελειωμένος τὰς χεῖρας ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ μόσχου καὶ εἰσοίσει αὐτὸ ἐπὶ τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου· - 2 Macc 1:10
Οἱ ἐν Ιεροσολύμοις καὶ οἱ ἐν τῇ Ιουδαίᾳ καὶ ἡ γερουσία καὶ Ιουδας Ἀριστοβούλῳ διδασκάλῳ Πτολεμαίου τοῦ βασιλέως, ὄντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ τῶν χριστῶν ἱερέων γένους, καὶ τοῖς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ Ιουδαίοις χαίρειν καὶ ὑγιαίνειν. - 1 Sam 2:10
κύριος ἀσθενῆ ποιήσει ἀντίδικον αὐτοῦ, κύριος ἅγιος. μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ φρόνιμος ἐν τῇ φρονήσει αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ δυνατὸς ἐν τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ πλούσιος ἐν τῷ πλούτῳ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλ᾽ ἢ ἐν τούτῳ καυχάσθω ὁ καυχώμενος, συνίειν καὶ γινώσκειν τὸν κύριον καὶ ποιεῖν κρίμα καὶ δικαιοσύνην ἐν μέσῳ τῆς γῆς. κύριος ἀνέβη εἰς οὐρανοὺς καὶ ἐβρόντησεν, αὐτὸς κρινεῖ ἄκρα γῆς καὶ δίδωσιν ἰσχὺν τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἡμῶν καὶ ὑψώσει κέρας χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ. - Psa 2:2
παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ διάψαλμα
Someone else can probably give you better information on classical usage, the examples shown in Logeion are from the New Testament, a broader search doesn't show me much.
I think this relationship is via χρίω. I imagine the role of olive oil for ancient Hebrews resembles the role of ghee for ancient Hindus. I don't know much about the role of olive oil in the ancient near east in general.Solomon wrote: ↑July 7th, 2022, 9:18 pm Χριστός is from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrēy- (“to smear”).
It is related to ancient Sanskrit word घृत • (ghṛtá) for "Ghee".
According to Wikipedia in Hindu religion:
Ghee is used for bathing the deities on the appearance day of Krishna. It is also used for religious purposes and is highly esteemed by the Hindus