Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

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Sam
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Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Sam »

ἐν πυρὶ φλογός, διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσιν θεὸν καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ·

Why does the participle εἰδόσιν use an accusative (θεὸν) for its direct object while the other participle ὑπακούουσιν uses a dative (τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ)?
Jonathan Robie
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Sam wrote: January 11th, 2023, 1:42 am ἐν πυρὶ φλογός, διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσιν θεὸν καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ·

Why does the participle εἰδόσιν use an accusative (θεὸν) for its direct object while the other participle ὑπακούουσιν uses a dative (τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ)?
The objects of verbs take the same cases when used as participles as they do when used as finite verbs. The case of an object depends on the verb and on the function of the object. A good lexicon will tell you the cases used for objects in the entry for a verb. In the following, "c. dat." means "with dative":
ὑπακούω, [in LXX: chiefly for שׁמע;] to listen, attend, hence, (a) to answer a knock at a door (Plat., Xen., al.): Ac 12:13; (b) to attend to, submit to, obey (Hdt., Thuc., al.): absol., Phl 2:12; c. inf., He 11:8; c. dat. pers. (Plat., al.; but more freq. c. gen.), Mt 8:27, Mk 1:27; 4:41, Lk 8:25; 17:6, Ro 6:16, Eph 6:1, 5, Col 3:20, 22, He 5:9, 1 Pe 3:6; c. dat. rei, Ac 6:7, Ro 6:12; 10:16, 2 Th 1:8; 3:14; seq. εἰς (by attraction, for dat.; v. ICC, in l.), Ro 6:17.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 456.
Some other examples of this dative object for ὑπακούω:

Mark 1:27 καὶ τοῖς πνεύμασιν τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις ἐπιτάσσει, καὶ ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ.
Matthew 8:27 καὶ οἱ ἄνεμοι καὶ ἡ θάλασσα αὐτῷ ὑπακούουσιν;

See this chapter in Funk:

Verbs Taking a Dative Object
http://www.ibiblio.org/bgreek/project/f ... on-39.html
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Sam
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Sam »

Thank you.
ὑπακούω, [in LXX: chiefly for שׁמע;] to listen, attend, hence, (a) to answer a knock at a door (Plat., Xen., al.): Ac 12:13; (b) to attend to, submit to, obey (Hdt., Thuc., al.): absol., Phl 2:12; c. inf., He 11:8; c. dat. pers. (Plat., al.; but more freq. c. gen.), Mt 8:27, Mk 1:27; 4:41, Lk 8:25; 17:6, Ro 6:16, Eph 6:1, 5, Col 3:20, 22, He 5:9, 1 Pe 3:6; c. dat. rei, Ac 6:7, Ro 6:12; 10:16, 2 Th 1:8; 3:14; seq. εἰς (by attraction, for dat.; v. ICC, in l.), Ro 6:17.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 456.
Is the entry saying that when ὑπακούω has things (rei) as its object the object would frequently be in the dative? And when the object is a person (pers.), the object would frequently be in the genitive but could also be in the dative?
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Sam wrote: January 12th, 2023, 12:23 am Thank you.
ὑπακούω, [in LXX: chiefly for שׁמע;] to listen, attend, hence, (a) to answer a knock at a door (Plat., Xen., al.): Ac 12:13; (b) to attend to, submit to, obey (Hdt., Thuc., al.): absol., Phl 2:12; c. inf., He 11:8; c. dat. pers. (Plat., al.; but more freq. c. gen.), Mt 8:27, Mk 1:27; 4:41, Lk 8:25; 17:6, Ro 6:16, Eph 6:1, 5, Col 3:20, 22, He 5:9, 1 Pe 3:6; c. dat. rei, Ac 6:7, Ro 6:12; 10:16, 2 Th 1:8; 3:14; seq. εἰς (by attraction, for dat.; v. ICC, in l.), Ro 6:17.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 456.
Is the entry saying that when ὑπακούω has things (rei) as its object the object would frequently be in the dative?
I think so. And we can confirm using Bible Gateway, setting the translation to SBLGNT, and using the references in a search. Let's use the references from " c. dat. rei, Ac 6:7, Ro 6:12; 10:16, 2 Th 1:8; 3:14; ":

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... ion=SBLGNT

7 Καὶ ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ ηὔξανεν, καὶ ἐπληθύνετο ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν μαθητῶν ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ σφόδρα, πολύς τε ὄχλος τῶν ἱερέων ὑπήκουον τῇ πίστει.
ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ 6:7

12 Μὴ οὖν βασιλευέτω ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θνητῷ ὑμῶν σώματι εἰς τὸ ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτοῦ,
ΠΡΟΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΥΣ 6:12

16 ἀλλ’ οὐ πάντες ὑπήκουσαν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ· Ἠσαΐας γὰρ λέγει· Κύριε, τίς ἐπίστευσεν τῇ ἀκοῇ ἡμῶν;
ΠΡΟΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΥΣ 10:16

8 ἐν φλογὶ πυρός, διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσι θεὸν καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ,
ΠΡΟΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΕΙΣ Β΄ 1:8

14 Εἰ δέ τις οὐχ ὑπακούει τῷ λόγῳ ἡμῶν διὰ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς, τοῦτον σημειοῦσθε, μὴ συναναμίγνυσθαι αὐτῷ, ἵνα ἐντραπῇ·
ΠΡΟΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΕΙΣ Β΄ 3:14
Sam wrote: January 12th, 2023, 12:23 amAnd when the object is a person (pers.), the object would frequently be in the genitive but could also be in the dative?
Again, let's use Bible Gateway to look at the examples. This time, you tell me what you see.

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?s ... ion=SBLGNT

27 οἱ δὲ ἄνθρωποι ἐθαύμασαν λέγοντες· Ποταπός ἐστιν οὗτος ὅτι καὶ οἱ ἄνεμοι καὶ ἡ θάλασσα αὐτῷ ὑπακούουσιν;
ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΤΘΑΙΟΝ 8:27

27 καὶ ἐθαμβήθησαν ἅπαντες, ὥστε συζητεῖν πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς λέγοντας· Τί ἐστιν τοῦτο; διδαχὴ καινή· κατ’ ἐξουσίαν καὶ τοῖς πνεύμασι τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις ἐπιτάσσει, καὶ ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ.
ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΡΚΟΝ 1:27

41 καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν φόβον μέγαν, καὶ ἔλεγον πρὸς ἀλλήλους· Τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν ὅτι καὶ ὁ ἄνεμος καὶ ἡ θάλασσα ὑπακούει αὐτῷ;
ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΡΚΟΝ 4:41

25 εἶπεν δὲ αὐτοῖς· Ποῦ ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν; φοβηθέντες δὲ ἐθαύμασαν, λέγοντες πρὸς ἀλλήλους· Τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν ὅτι καὶ τοῖς ἀνέμοις ἐπιτάσσει καὶ τῷ ὕδατι, καὶ ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ;
ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 8:25

6 εἶπεν δὲ ὁ κύριος· Εἰ ἔχετε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως, ἐλέγετε ἂν τῇ συκαμίνῳ ταύτῃ· Ἐκριζώθητι καὶ φυτεύθητι ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ· καὶ ὑπήκουσεν ἂν ὑμῖν.
ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 17:6

16 οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ᾧ παριστάνετε ἑαυτοὺς δούλους εἰς ὑπακοήν, δοῦλοί ἐστε ᾧ ὑπακούετε, ἤτοι ἁμαρτίας εἰς θάνατον ἢ ὑπακοῆς εἰς δικαιοσύνην;
ΠΡΟΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΥΣ 6:16

6 Τὰ τέκνα, ὑπακούετε τοῖς γονεῦσιν ὑμῶν ἐν κυρίῳ, τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν δίκαιον·
ΠΡΟΣ ΕΦΕΣΙΟΥΣ 6:1

5 Οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου ἐν ἁπλότητι τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν ὡς τῷ Χριστῷ,
Read full chapter
ΠΡΟΣ ΕΦΕΣΙΟΥΣ 6:5

20 Τὰ τέκνα, ὑπακούετε τοῖς γονεῦσιν κατὰ πάντα, τοῦτο γὰρ εὐάρεστόν ἐστιν ἐν κυρίῳ.
ΠΡΟΣ ΚΟΛΟΣΣΑΕΙΣ 3:20

22 οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε κατὰ πάντα τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις, μὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοδουλίαις, ὡς ἀνθρωπάρεσκοι, ἀλλ’ ἐν ἁπλότητι καρδίας, φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον.
ΠΡΟΣ ΚΟΛΟΣΣΑΕΙΣ 3:22

9 καὶ τελειωθεὶς ἐγένετο πᾶσιν τοῖς ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ αἴτιος σωτηρίας αἰωνίου,
ΠΡΟΣ ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ 5:9

6 ὡς Σάρρα ὑπήκουσεν τῷ Ἀβραάμ, κύριον αὐτὸν καλοῦσα· ἧς ἐγενήθητε τέκνα ἀγαθοποιοῦσαι καὶ μὴ φοβούμεναι μηδεμίαν πτόησιν.
ΠΕΤΡΟΥ Α΄ 3:6
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Sam
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Sam »

Thank you. I really appreciate the guided exercise.

Also, I didn't know you could do that with Bible Gateway - show multiple verses all at once. Thank you!

What I see are all datives. I didn't find any genitives, which, according to the lexical entry, should be more frequent.

But I did find an accusative, if I'm not mistaken, in Col. 3:22.
οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε κατὰ πάντα τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις
If πάντα is a direct object of ὑπακούετε, then I did find one in the accusative, which I did not see as an option in the lexical entry.

Please tell me where I'm wrong.
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Sam wrote: January 13th, 2023, 1:19 am Thank you. I really appreciate the guided exercise.

Also, I didn't know you could do that with Bible Gateway - show multiple verses all at once. Thank you!
I enjoy this. I do this with Bible Gateway all the time, I find it very helpful.
Sam wrote: January 13th, 2023, 1:19 amWhat I see are all datives. I didn't find any genitives, which, according to the lexical entry, should be more frequent.
Exactly, they are all datives (except for below), no genitives. So let's go back and read the dictionary entry again ...
c. dat. pers. (Plat., al.; but more freq. c. gen.), Mt 8:27, Mk 1:27; ...
With a dative of person, then something in parentheses, then a bunch of examples of dative of person. That description in parentheses does not describe these examples, it describes something else.

So what does it describe? Let's start with the abbreviations .... in the introduction.

Plat. = Plato, v–iv/B.C.
al. = alibi (elsewhere).

So I think this says that this usage also occurs in Plato and elsewhere in Greek literature in the dative, but more frequently with the genitive rather than the dative.
Sam wrote: January 13th, 2023, 1:19 amBut I did find an accusative, if I'm not mistaken, in Col. 3:22.
οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε κατὰ πάντα τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις
If πάντα is a direct object of ὑπακούετε, then I did find one in the accusative, which I did not see as an option in the lexical entry.

Please tell me where I'm wrong.
This is a little tricky. Here's how I read this:

~ = auxiliary
v = verb
+ = adjunct
o = object

~ Οἱ δοῦλοι
v ὑπακούετε
+ κατὰ πάντα
o τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις

The first line is addressing the servants.

κατὰ takes the accusative when it means "according to" or "for the purpose of", which is why you have accusative in κατὰ πάντα and κατὰ σάρκα.

But who are they obeying? The object is τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις, and τοῖς κυρίοις is dative. κατὰ σάρκα just describes τοῖς κυρίοις further.

Does that make sense now?
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Sam
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Sam »

Clear as daylight.

This is awesome. You actually walked me through the passage and the dictionary. Thank you so much. This is very much appreciated.

The lexicon I have is Danker's Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. I didn't have say anything about "w. dat." in the entry on ὑπακούω, though other entries sometimes have those. Now I think I understand it's because they're all datives in the New Testament.
κατὰ σάρκα just describes τοῖς κυρίοις further.
Putting it that way is very helpful.

Thanks again. I'm glad I found this site.
Jonathan Robie
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Sam wrote: January 13th, 2023, 10:04 pm The lexicon I have is Danker's Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. I didn't have say anything about "w. dat." in the entry on ὑπακούω, though other entries sometimes have those. Now I think I understand it's because they're all datives in the New Testament.
Some lexicons are consistent in identifying the case of objects, others are not. For a concise lexicon that is easy to carry around, I still like Abbott-Smith, which is available used for pretty cheap (I see prices between $6.00 and $15.00 online).

BrillDAG is really helpful in this way - using τι, τινος, τινι, τινα to identify the case of the object.
ὑπᾰκούω ὑπό, ἀκούω impf. ὑπήκουον ‖ fut. ὑπακούσω, mid. ὑπακούσομαι ‖ aor. ὑπήκουσα ‖ pf. ὑπακήκοα ‖ ppf. ὑπακηκόειν IOS. B.I. 7.302 ‖ aor. pass. ὑπηκούσθην ‖ fut. pass. [ὑπακουσθήσομαι] ① act. and fut. mid. ⓐ to listen, give ear, hearken IL. 8.4 (in tmesis) OD. 14.485 HOM. 5.180 EUR. Alc. 400 etc.; ▶ τινος to s.o. or sthg. SAPPH. 31.4 ARISTOPH. Ve. 318 AESCHN. 3.56 etc. = τινι ARISTOPH. Ach. 405, al. XEN. Cyr. 8.1.18 etc. ⓑ to heed, comply with, obey HDT. 3.148.2, al. THUC. 1.141.1 XEN. An. 4.1.9 PLAT. Prot. 325a etc.; ▶ τινι s.o. or sthg. THUC. 6.69.3 XEN. Cyr. 1.1.3, al. ARISTOT. Pol. 1333a 18 etc. = τινος PLAT. Leg. 708d PHIL.2 Fug. 21, al.; ▶ τι in sthg. THUC. 1.29.1, 139.2, al. XEN. Cyr. 2.2.3, al.; ▶ τινί τι s.o. in sthg. PLAT. Leg. 774b = τινός τι THUC. 1.26.4; ▶ πρός τι for sthg., for the purpose of sthg. DIOD. 12.75.5 | τῷ ὑμετέρῳ ξυμφόρῳ ὑ. to serve your interest THUC. 5.98; διαίτῃ ὑ. to submit to a dietary regimen PLAT. Rp. 459c; δείπνῳ ὑ. accept a lunch invitation ATH. 6.247d | subst. ptc. Christ. οἱ ὑπακούοντες the auditors, catechumens of the lowest degree IO. HEph. 11.171D ‖ jur. to answer a summons, appear (in court) IS. 4.28 DEMOSTH. 19.257, 290; εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον before the court HYP. 3.2 ⓒ to be subject, be under the rule: Δαρείου βασιλέος of King Darius HDT. 3.101.2; Ἀθηναίων of the Athenians THUC. 4.56.2; τοῖς πέλας of one’s neighbors THUC. 2.61.1; πολλαῖς ἀρχαῖς to many lords PHIL.2 Agr. 49 ‖ to be subject or exposed: αὐγαῖς ἀελίου to the rays of the sun PIND. O. 3.24; τοῦ ψύχους to the cold THPHR. C.P. 5.4.2; τῶν παθημάτων to ailments GAL. 18(2).68 ‖ to yield, undergo the effects (of a remedy) HP. Prorrh. 2.39 GAL. 6.439 etc.; ▶ τινι to sthg. HP. Epid. 3.8 GAL. 6.354 SOR. 4.10.5 πληγαῖς ὑπακούουσαν ὕλην the metal yielding before the blows (of the mallet) PLUT. Praec. 802b ⓓ to answer OD. 4.283, 10.83 ARISTOPH. Ve. 273 AND. 1.112 ARISTOT. Top. 161b 15 etc.; ▶ τινι to s.o. or sthg. PLAT. Soph. 217d, al. etc. | τῶν ἀγγείων τὰ κενὰ πληττόμενα μᾶλλον ὑπακούει ταῖς πληγαῖς empty containers ring out louder when beaten PLUT. QConv. 721b | to answer, a knock on the door, of a porter PLAT. Phaed. 59e NT Acts 12:13; τῇ θύρᾳ ὑ. answer the door MEN. Dysc. 494 = τὴν θύραν ὑ. THPHR. Ch. 28.3, cf. 4.9; subst. ptc. ὁ ὑπακούσας the doorman XEN. Symp. 1.11; ἡ ὑπακούσασα the doorwoman DEMOSTH. 47.35 ‖ to meet expectations, succeed: τῆς θεραπείας the remedy ERASISTR. fr. 286.9; τῆς μεταλλείας ἀσθενῶς ὑπακουούσης the quarries not yielding much STRAB. 9.1.23; ὑπήκουέ μοι τὸ χρῆμα I succeeded in the matter LUC. Icar. 10 | to conform, correspond AP.7 Synt. 236.14; ▶ with dat. AP. Adv. 206.21 ‖ to interpret, understand PLAT. Phil. 31c PHILOD. Poëm. 5.12.5, 16.27 PLUT. Aud. poet. 23c | ὑ. ἐπὶ τῶν οὕτως λεγομένων τὰς δυνάμεις to take as implicit, understand the powers in these expressions AET. 1.7.13 ② mid., fut. [ὑπακούσομαι] to obey, be subject to ▶ τινι s.o. THUC. 6.69.3 = τινος THUC. 6.82.2; ὑ. τῶν λόγων τούτων to heed these words VT 1 Sam. 30:24 ③ pass. to be understood PHILOD. Poëm. 5.38.8 AP. Pron. 68.15 etc. ‖ to be implied AP.7 Synt. 22.21 aor. subj. mid. 3. sg. ὑπακούσηται VT Job 9:14.

Franco Montanari, ed. Madeleine Goh and Chad Schroeder, The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek (Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2015).
The complete BDAG is also good at this, better than the compact version:
ὑπακούω impf. ὑπήκουον; fut. ὑπακούσομαι; 1 aor. ὑπήκουσα (s. ὑπακοή; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 6:4 P; TestJob 4:8; Test12Patr; EpArist 44; Philo; Joseph., Ath. 15, 2) ‘listen to’.
① to follow instructions, obey, follow, be subject to w. gen. of pers. (Hdt. 3, 101 al.; so predom. in pap and LXX; TestGad 8:3) B 9:1 (Ps 17:45 v.l.; the text has μοι). W. dat. of pers. (Thu., Aristoph. et al.; Philo, Mos. 1, 156; Jos., Ant. 13, 275; TestJud 1:4; 18:6 θεῷ; Ath. 15:2 αὐτῷ [God]; Iren. 3, 21, 2 [Harv. II 113, 2]; in pap and LXX the dat. is less freq. than the gen. B-D-F §173, 3; 187, 6; s. Rob. 507; 634): parents Eph 6:1; Col 3:20; masters Eph 6:5; Col 3:22; cp. Ro 6:16; husband (cp. Philemon Com. 132 K. ἀγαθῆς γυναικός ἐστιν μὴ κρείττονʼ εἶναι τἀνδρός, ἀλλʼ ὑπήκοον; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 201) 1 Pt 3:6; the ἐπίσκοπος IEph 20:2, cp. IMg 3:2 v.l. Funk (Sb 7835, 10 [I B.C.] in the charter of the cult-brotherhood of Zeus Hypsistos: ὑπακούειν πάντας τοῦ ἡγουμένου); Christ Hb 5:9 (cp. Ael. Aristid. 50, 86 K.=26 p. 527 D.: τῷ θεῷ; EKamlah, Die Form der katalogischen Paränese im NT, ’64 [moral exhortation]). The pers. is supplied fr. the context (cp. PTebt 24, 26; TestJob 4:8; EpArist 44; 2 Ch 24:19 v.l.) Phil 2:12; 1 Cl 7:6; 57:4 (Pr 1:24). ὑπακούσωμεν τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ 1 Cl 58:1 marks the transition to the next usage (w. things).—‘To be in compliance’ (Aesop, Fab. 179 H.), w. dat. of the thing to which one is obedient or which one embraces in full surrender (cp. Athen. 6, 247d ὑπ. δείπνῳ=accept the invitation Theoph. Ant. 2, 25 [p. 162, 4] τῇ πατρικῇ ἐντολῇ) ὑπακούειν τῇ πίστει Ac 6:7; τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ Ro 10:16; 2 Th 1:8; τῷ λόγῳ ἡμῶν 2 Th 3:14; τῇ βουλήσει αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ θεοῦ) 1 Cl 9:1; 42:4 (Lat. tr.); τοῖς προστάγμασιν 2 Cl 19:3 (Aeschines 1, 49 and SIG 785, 18 τ. νόμοις; Demosth. 18, 204; Jos., Ant. 3, 207 τ. λεγομένοις; 5, 198); ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ θνητοῦ σώματος ὑμῶν) Ro 6:12. ὑπηκούσατε εἰς ὃν παρεδόθητε τύπον διδαχῆς vs. 17 (παραδίδωμι 1b, end).—MWolter, Ethos u. Identität in Paulinischen Gemeinden: NTS 43, ’97, 439 n. 32 (lit. and pseudepigr. reff.).—Foll. by the inf. which shows what the obedience results in (Gen 39:10) Ἀβραὰμ ὑπήκουσεν ἐξελθεῖν Abr. went out obediently Hb 11:8.—Also of the enforced obedience of hostile spirits or powers ὐπακούουσιν αὐτῷ they are forced to obey him Mk 1:27; of the elements Mt 8:27 (OBetz, ZNW 48, ’57, 49–77, esp. 70–72); Mk 4:41; Lk 8:25; of a tree that must yield to a higher power 17:6 (cp. Hippocr., Epid. 3, 8; Galen VI 354 K., who speak of diseases that ὑπ.=‘must yield’ to a remedy [dative]).
② to grant one’s request, hear (of God Diod S 4, 34, 5 τοὺς ἀθανάτους ὑπακούσαντας; Vi. Aesopi I G 5 P. of Isis; Is 65:24; Jos., Ant. 14, 24.—X., Cyr. 8, 1, 18 of a judge who hears a plaintiff) 1 Cl 39:7 (Job 5:1).
③ to answer a knock at the door, technically of the door-keeper, whose duty it is to listen for the signals of those who wish to enter, and to admit them if they are entitled to do so: open or answer (the door) (Pla., Phd. 59e ὁ θυρωρός, ὅσπερ εἰώθει ὑπακούειν, Crito 43a; X., Symp. 1, 11; Theophr., Char. 4, 9; 28, 3; Lucian, Icar. 22 et al.) προσῆλθεν παιδίσκη ὑπακοῦσαι Ac 12:13.—M-M. TW.


William Arndt et al., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 1028–1029.
ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ διηποροῦντο, ἄλλος πρὸς ἄλλον λέγοντες, τί θέλει τοῦτο εἶναι;
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Jonathan Robie
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Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Online, FWIW, I like Logeion when I need a dictionary for Classical Greek that is freely licensed.

Abbott-Smith or the compact Danker you have are easier for quick look-up, and more specific to the Greek New Testament. But these other resources can add to your understanding:

https://logeion.uchicago.edu/%E1%BD%91% ... F%8D%CF%89

LSJ is the old favorite for Classical Greek, and the default lexicon here.
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Screen Shot 2023-01-14 at 10.30.48.png (419.12 KiB) Viewed 1875 times
Bailey 2020 is good for this verb if you speak French:
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There is also a tab that lets you see examples from the classical corpus, including Homeric Greek and other dialects that can be fairly distant from the Greek of the New Testament, but also Attic and Hellenistic Greek examples that are very close to New Testament Greek.
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Screen Shot 2023-01-14 at 10.31.42.png (604.49 KiB) Viewed 1875 times
ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ διηποροῦντο, ἄλλος πρὸς ἄλλον λέγοντες, τί θέλει τοῦτο εἶναι;
http://jonathanrobie.biblicalhumanities.org/
Jonathan Robie
Posts: 4162
Joined: May 5th, 2011, 5:34 pm
Location: Durham, NC
Contact:

Re: Why does 2 Thess 1:8 use both an accusative and a dative for the direct object of a participle?

Post by Jonathan Robie »

Sam wrote: January 13th, 2023, 10:04 pm Thanks again. I'm glad I found this site.
Thanks for your questions. Good questions provide fuel for good discussion here. Keep them coming.
ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ διηποροῦντο, ἄλλος πρὸς ἄλλον λέγοντες, τί θέλει τοῦτο εἶναι;
http://jonathanrobie.biblicalhumanities.org/
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